Simplified Design Method For Slim Floor Beams Exposed To Fire

SIMPLIFIED DESIGN METHOD FOR SLIM FLOOR BEAMS
EXPOSED TO FIRE
Louis-Guy Cajot, Louis Gallois, Rik Debruyckere and Jean-Marc Franssen
Simplified design method for slim floor beams exposed to fire by Louis-Guy Cajot, Louis Gallois, Rik Debruyckere and Jean-Marc Franssen 1
I. Slim Floor Solutions
•Beam types:
- IFB A
- IFB B
- SFB
•Slab types:
1
-in situ concrete (1)
-concrete on long span steel sheet (2) 2
-composite slab with trapezoidal or reentrant steel deck concrete
precast units (3)
-prefabricated elements (4)
3
II. Heating Conditions following the Slim Floor Solutions
III. Existing simplified methods in Eurocode 4 fire part (EN 1994-1-2)
Section 4 Design procedures
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Tabulated data
4.3 Simple Calculation Models
4.3.1 General rules for composite slabs and composite beams
4.3.2 Unprotected composite slabs
4.3.3 Protected composite slabs
4.3.4 Composite beams
4.3.4.1 Structural Behaviour
4.3.4.2 Composite beams comprising steel beams with no concrete encasement
4.3.4.2 Composite beams comprising steel beams with partial concrete encasement
4.3.4.4 Steel beams with partial concrete encasement
4.3.4.5 Slim Floor
4.3.5 Composite columns
IV. Calculations Methods
A. Simplified methods of Eurocode 4 fire part applicable to Slim Floor

1 - Annexe F, Table F5,
with bc →∞
1
with bc = b
2 - § 4.3.4.2.2
2
3 - Annexe D
steel lower flange = Concrete
steel lower flange = Air 3
B. Advanced method - Finite Element method – Software SAFIR

Formulae deduced from SAFIR parametrical study for full slab
C. Slim floor fire test – Test EMPA/ETH in Zurich the 16 of august 1994
1) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5
bc
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Figure F1
1.a) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5 with bc = ∞
bc = ∞bc
1.b) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, with bc = b
bc = b
2) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, §4.3.4.2.2
b2
b1
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, §4.3.4.2.2, Figure 4.3
3) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, §4.3.4.2.2
Temperature distribution in a concrete slab
θc
X
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex D, Table D.5
3.a) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex 3.b) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex
D, Table D.5 Steel lower D, Table D.5 Steel lower
flange = Air flange = Concrete
Temperature distribution in a concrete slab
θc θc
X X
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex D, Table D.5
V. Temperature calculation on lower flange – Methods comparisons
Lower flange temperature in a Slim Floor – ISO 90
Method Safir
1100 EC4/F bc = ∞
EC4/F; bc = b
EC4/4.3
1000 Zurich test
Temperature [°C]
900
800
700
600
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Flange thikness [mm]
VI. Proposed Simplified Calculation Method
• Temperature in the lower flange
tpl 1
tpl1 tpl2
2 3 4
Method 1 - Simple calculation deduced from SAFIR (finite element software) simulations have
been used:
Ti = Ai·tpl + Bi·tpl + Ci With: tpl  tlim
• Temperature in the web
Temperature in the lower flange
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, with bc = b has to be used:

The distance hl with the lower flange where the temperature reach 400°C is calculated
hl = a1/bc +a2·ew/(bc.h) hl,min


For a1 and a2 values, see Table F.3 of EN 1994-1-2

Above hl, no yield strength reduction (T < 400°C).
Below, linear interpolation between 400°C and lower flange temperature
• Temperature in rebars and reduction factor kr
Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, has to be used:

The reduction factor kr of yield strength is calculated by:
kr = (u·a3 + a4)·a5/[(Am/V)^0.5] with kr,min < kr < kr,max
- For kr,min, kr,max, a3, a4 and a5 values, see Table F.5 of EN 1994-1-2
- Am/V :
- in case of steel deck composite slab, Am/V = (2·h +bc)/(h·bc)
- in case of a full concrete slab, bc→∞ and Am/V = 1/h;
• Longitudinal bending of integrated beams
5  f y ,i 
1. Calculation of the position of plastic neutral axis:  A  i
0

i 1  M , fi 
5
 f 
2. Calculation of the plastic resistance moment: M fi ,t ,Rd   Ai zi  y ,i 
 
i 1  M , fi 
With zi, distance between plastic neutral axis and resulting efforts of each parts Ai: f y ,i  k y , ,i  f y , 20C
VII. Verification - ABC V3.00
1 – Go to http://www.arcelormittal.com/sections/
2 – Download & Install ArcelorMittal Beam Calculator software V3.00
3 – Enter your parameter for cold & hot calculation
VII. Validation
• Case 1
400 90
NM
ABC 80
350
L/30 70
300
SAFIR
60
Mfi,Rd [kNm]
Pfi [kN/m]
250
50
200
40
150
30
100
20
50 10
0 0
0 30 60 90 120 150
Time [s]
VII. Validation
• Case 2 800 NM 180

ABC 160
700
L/30
140
600
SAFIR
120
Pfi [kN/m]
500
Mfi,Rd [kNm]
100
400
80
300
60
200
40
100 20
0 0
0 30 60 90 120 150
Time [s]
VIII. Simplified design method for slim floor beams exposed to fire - Table
Slim or integrated floor beams
Slim Floor type
Full concrete Steel deck Full concrete Steel deck
Slab type
SAFIR Method SAFIR Method SAFIR Method SAFIR Method
Bottom flange
EC4 1-2; Annex F; bc =b EC4 1-2; Annex F; bc =b EC4 1-2; Annex F; bc =b EC4 1-2; Annex F; bc =b
Web
EC4; 1-2 EC4; 1-2; Annex F EC4; 1-2 EC4 1-2; Annex F
Annex F (Am/V=1/h) Annex F (Am/V=1/h)
Rebars
IX. Conclusion
• Within Eurocode 4 Part 1-2, they are all the elements to define a simplified method in
case of fire for Slim Floor.
• In the next version of Eurocode 4 part 1-2, a new chapter should be added:
• 4.3.4 Composite beams
4.3.4.1 Structural Behaviour
4.3.4.2 Composite beams comprising steel beams with no concrete encasement
4.3.4.2 Composite beams comprising steel beams with partial concrete encasement
4.3.4.4 Steel beams with partial concrete encasement
4.3.4.5 Slim Floor
• The procedure of the evolution group of Eurocode 4 Part 1-2 has been launched.
• Any ideas of improvements or modifications of Eurocode 4 Part 1-2 can be sent to the
chairman: lg.cajot@arcelormittal.com or to the national representative members:
milan.veljkovic@ltu.se, pvreal@ua.pt, emidio.nigro@unina.it, mromero@mes.upv.es,
bzhao@cticm.com, schaumann@stahl.uni-hannover.de, crenaud@cticm.com,
yong.wang@manchester.ac.uk, m.mensinger@bv.tu-muenchen.de, borgogno@beup.ch,
matti.v.leskela@dnainternet.net
SIMPLIFIED DESIGN METHOD FOR SLIM FLOOR BEAMS
EXPOSED TO FIRE
Louis-Guy Cajot, Louis Gallois, Rik Debruyckere and Jean-Marc Franssen

Simplified Design Method For Slim Floor Beams Exposed To Fire

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Simplified Design Method For Slim Floor Beams Exposed To Fire

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SIMPLIFIED DESIGN METHOD FOR SLIM FLOOR BEAMS

Section 4 Design procedures

A. Simplified methods of Eurocode 4 fire part applicable to Slim Floor

B. Advanced method - Finite Element method – Software SAFIR

1) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Figure F1

1.a) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5 with bc = ∞

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Figure F1

1.b) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, with bc = b

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Figure F1

2) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, §4.3.4.2.2

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, §4.3.4.2.2, Figure 4.3

3) Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, §4.3.4.2.2

Temperature distribution in a concrete slab

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex D, Table D.5

Temperature distribution in a concrete slab

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annex D, Table D.5

Lower flange temperature in a Slim Floor – ISO 90

Flange thikness [mm]

• Temperature in the lower flange

Ti = Ai·tpl + Bi·tpl + Ci With: tpl  tlim

• Temperature in the web

Temperature in the lower flange

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, with bc = b has to be used:

hl = a1/bc +a2·ew/(bc.h) hl,min

For a1 and a2 values, see Table F.3 of EN 1994-1-2

• Temperature in rebars and reduction factor kr

Eurocode 4, Part 1-2, Annexe F, Table F5, has to be used:

kr = (u·a3 + a4)·a5/[(Am/V)^0.5] with kr,min < kr < kr,max

• Longitudinal bending of integrated beams

• Case 2 800 NM 180

Slim Floor type

Full concrete Steel deck Full concrete Steel deck

SAFIR Method SAFIR Method SAFIR Method SAFIR Method

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