Instructor:

Mr. Sohaib Latif

◦ Data vs. Information
◦ Data Processing
◦ Database Systems
◦ Why need Database?
◦ Use of Database in Business (operational data, MIS,
DSS and Expert Systems)
◦ Class Discussion
 Data: raw facts and figures

 Information: collection of facts organized in

such a way that they have value beyond the
facts themselves
 Data:
Meaningful facts, text, graphics, images, sound,
video segments
 Database:
An organized collection of logically related data
 Information:
Data processed to be useful in decision making
 Metadata:
Data that describes data
 Operational data
Data which is being used currently and
editing is taken place at run time.
 Historical data
data which is not in use currently, is stored
for future use.
 Information Systems
◦ TPS
◦ ERP
◦ MIS
◦ DSS
◦ Expert Systems
◦ Special Purpose Systems
 A set of interrelated components that collect,
manipulate & disseminate data & information
& provide feedback to meet an objective.

 Examples: ATMs; airline reservation systems;

course reservation systems
Computer-Based Information Systems
(CBIS)
Actual basic
Component
is database
 Hardware - computer equipment used to perform input,
processing, and output activities.

 Software - computer programs that govern the operation of

the computer.

 Database - an organized collection of facts and information,

typically consisting of two or more related data files.

 People - the most important element in most computer-

based information systems.

 Procedures - include the strategies, policies, methods, and

rules for using the CBIS.
 Electronic Commerce
 Transaction Processing Systems and ERP
 Information and Decision Support Systems
 Special-Purpose Business Information
Systems: Artificial Intelligence, Expert
Systems, and Virtual Reality
 Business-to-business
 Business-to-consumer
 Consumer-to-consumer
 When there is an e-commerce then it is
obvious that there should be a proper data
managed so it will protect from any misuse
and increase its sale and profit.
 So now it is obvious that database is an
essential part of e-commerce
 an organized collection of people,
procedures, software, databases, and devices
used to record completed business
transactions.
 We actually input data in our database
through TPS (Operational data) which is used
for further processing later on.
 Batch processing – method of computerized
processing in which business transactions are
accumulated over a period of time and
prepared for processing as a single unit
 On-line transaction processing (OLTP) -
method of computerized processing in which
each transaction is processed immediately
and the affected records are updated
 Data collection
 Data editing
 Data correction
 Data manipulation
 Data storage
 Document production and reports
Thanks and Best of Luck