Unit

5 Are You Ready?

Knowledge and Understanding
1. Plants and animals rely on each other. Analyze Figure 1 and answer the fol-
lowing questions:
(a) Name the chemical process that occurs within the leaves of green
plants. Write a chemical equation for this process.
(b) Name the chemical process that occurs within the mitochondria of
living cells. Write a chemical equation for this process.
(c) The process in part (a) provides two important substances that the
animal obtains from the plant. Name the two substances.
(d) The process in part (b) provides two important substances that the
plant obtains from the animal. Name the two substances.

Plants: Anatomy,
Growth, and
Functions

Figure 1

2. Create two columns and label them with the headings Asexual
Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction. Place the following terms under
the correct heading: vegetative, flower, grafting, pollen, ovary, stem cuttings,
runners, meiosis, mitosis, seeds, cloning, hermaphroditic, eggs, fruit, bud-
ding, fragmentation, and genetic variation.

490 Unit 5
 3. Draw a diagram similar to Figure 2 in your notebook and add arrows
indicating the direction of movement (the pathway) of water as it enters,
moves within, and exits the plant. In addition, label as many plant parts
as you can.
4. Referring to Table 1, match each plant tissue or organ in the first column
with its function in the second column.

Table 1
Tissue or organ Function
1. fern sporangium (a) absorbs water and anchors moss plants
2. xylem (b) contains the female sex cells
3. phloem (c) contains nutrients for an embryo plant and young seedling
4. rhizoid (d) manufactures carbohydrates
5. ovary (e) contains seeds
6. pollen (f) carries water and dissolved materials from roots to leaves
7. fruit (g) where meiosis produces spores
8. cotyledon (h) attracts pollinators
9. green algae in lichens (i) carries carbohydrates within the plant
10. flower (j) transfers male gametes in seed plants
Figure 2

5. Use specific, detailed examples to justify the following statement:

Mitosis plays an important role in both growth and reproduction.
6. Choose two specific plants that normally grow in very different locations.
(a) Describe the general soil and climatic conditions in those locations.
(b) Explain how each is able to survive these different conditions.
(c) Also suggest a type of plant which would not likely be able to survive
in each location.

Inquiry and Communication

7. (a) Describe a diagnostic test for carbon dioxide gas which uses the indi-
cator bromthymol blue.
(b) Design an experiment that would employ this test to determine
whether a living aquatic plant absorbs carbon dioxide from its envi-
ronment. Describe the experiment as a series of numbered steps.
8. Choose any kind of plant (e.g., cactus, moss plant, pine tree, dandelion)
and describe how its particular features enable it to survive in a particular
environment.
9. What climatic and soil variables strongly influence what types of plants are
able to grow in a given location?

Plants: Anatomy, Growth, and Functions 491