PRIST UNIVERSITY – TRICHY CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

B.Tech [Part Time] Common to Mechanical, Civil & EEE

II Year - III Semester [Regulation 2012]
Question Banks

Sl.No Subject code Subject Name

12148S31CP/ PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
1
13148S31CP
 (Common to CIVIL,MECH & EEE)
PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLE
UNIT-I
SECTION-A
1. If you twice flip a balanced coin, what is the probability of getting at most one head.
2. If A and B are independent events and P(A) = 0.5,P(B)= 0.3 and P( A B) 0.15 then
find P( A / B) .

3. If A and B are independent events, prove that A and B are independent.

4. Construct the distribution function of the discrete random variable X whose probability
distribution is given below:

X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P(x) 0.1 0.15 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05

x 2 /2
xe ,x 0
5. If f(x) then find its cumulative distribution function.
0 ,x 0

6. A continuous random variable ‘X’ has a p.d.f f(x) = k , 0 x 1

Find k and P(X 4) .

x ,0 x 1
7. For the triangular distribution f(x) 2 x,1 x 2 find the mean.
0 , otherwise

8. Let X be a random variable with E (x) 10 and Var(x) 25. Find the positive values of
a and b such that Y aX b has expectation 0 and variance 1.

2
at x 1
3
1
9. Find the m.g.f for the distribution where f ( x) at x 2
3
0 otherwise

10. Find the m.g.f of the random variable whose moments are r (r 1)!2 r .
 SECTION-B
11. (i) In a bolt factory machines A,B,C manufactures respectively 25%,35%, and 40% of
the total of their output 5%,4% and 2% are defective bolts .A bolt is drawn at random
from the product and is found to be defective. What are the probabilities that it was
manufactured by machines A, B, and C.? (10)
(ii) A random variable ‘X’ has the following probability function (6)

x: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

P(x) : a 3a 5a 7a 9a 11a 13a 15a 17a

(1) Determine the value of ‘a’

(2) P( X 4) , P( X 3), P(0 X 6)

12. (i) The contents of urns I, II, III are as follows.

Urns/Balls White Black Red

I 1 2 3
II 2 1 1
III 4 5 3

One urn is chosen at random and two balls are drawn. They happen to be white and
red. What is the probability that they come from urns I, II, III? (10)
(ii) A continuous has the density function
k
f(x) = x . Find the value of k and the distribution function. (6)
1 x2

13. (i) The density function of a continuous random variable X is

ax ,0 x 1
a ,1 x 2
given by f(x)
3a ax,2 x 3
0 , otherwise

a) Find the value of a.

b) Find the cumulative distribution function of X. (8)
 (ii) Is the function defined as follows a density function? (8)

0 for x 2
1
. f ( x) (3 2 x) for 2 x 4 If so find the P(2 x 3) .
18
0 for x 4

14. (i) Given the following probability distribution of X . Compute

E ( X ), E ( X 2 ), E (2 X 3)and Var(2X 3) (8)
X -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
P(x) 0.05 0.10 0.30 0 0.30 0.15 0.10

(ii) Find the mean and variance of a continuous random variable X if it has the density
2( x 1),1 x 2
function f ( x) (8)
0, otherwise

15. (i) If X represents the out come, when a fair die is tossed , find the m.g.f of X and
hence E (X ) and Var(X) . (8)

x, 0 x 1
(ii) Let X be a random variable with p.d.f f ( x) 2 x, 1 x 2
0, otherwise

Find the distribution function function of X. (8)

x
1
16. (i)Let X be a random variable with p.d.f f ( x) e 3, x 0
3
0, otherwise

Find (a) P(X 3) (b) m.g.f of X (c) E (X ) and Var(X) (8)

5
1 3 t
(ii) A random variable X has m.g.f M X (t ) e find E (X ) and Var(X) (8)
4 4

UNIT- II
Two Dimensional Random Variables
PART-A
1. The following table gives the joint probability distribution of X&Y .Find the (a)
Marginal density function of X (b) Marginal density function of Y

y\x 1 2 3
1 0.1 0.1 0.2
2 0.2 0.3 0.1

2. Define the term independent of random variables X and Y both in discrete and
continuous case.

3. If X is a uniformaly distributed r.v in ( , ) find the p.d.f of Y = tan x.

2 2
4. The joint p.d.f of a bivariate (x,y) is given by

4 xy 0 x 1,0 y 1
f ( x, y) Find P(x+ y < 1)
0 otherwise
5. Determine the value of C such that the function
f ( x, y) cxy 0 x 3, 0 y 3 satisfies the property of joint probability density
function.
6. If the p.d.f of X is f(x) = e-x, x>0. Find the p.d.f of Y= 2X+1
7. Define Cov(X,Y) where X and Y are random variables.
8. Write the applications of Central Limit Theorem.
9. Find the acute angle between two lines of regression.
10. State the central limit for independence and identically distributed .
PART-B
11. The joint p.d.f of the 2 dimensional random variable is
1
6 x y 0 x 2; 2 y 4
f ( x, y) 8
0 otherwise

(1)Find the marginal density function of X and Y.

(2)Find the conditional density function of Ygiven X and X given Y.
(3) Find P(X<1/Y<3)
(4) Find P(X+Y<3) (16)

12. From the following table for bivariate of (X,Y) (16)

 Y 1 2 3 4 5 6
X
0 0 0 1 2 2 3
32 32 32 32
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
16 16 8 8 8 8
2 1 1 1 1 0 2
32 32 64 64 64

Find the following (1) P(X≤1) and P(Y≤3)

(2) P(X≤1/Y≤3) and P(Y≤3/X≤1)
(3) E(X) and E(Y)
(4) Var(X) and Var(Y)

13. (i) The joint p.d.f s X and Y is given by f ( x, y)

(x2 y 2 ) x>0, y>0. Find the
kxye
value of k and prove that ‘X’ and ‘Y’ are independent. (8)

(ii)If the joint p.d.f of(X ,Y) is given by f(X,Y) = x+y ; 0 x,y 1.
Find the p.d.f of U =XY (8)

14. (i) Calculate the coefficient of correlation for the following heights (in inches) of
fathers X and their sons Y. (8)
X 65 66 67 67 68 69 70 72
Y 67 68 65 68 72 72 69 71

(ii)In a partially destroyed laboratory record of an analysis of correlation data, the

following results only are legible. Variance of X=9. Regression equations:
8x – 10y + 66 = 0; 40x – 18y = 214.
Find (1)the mean value of X and Y
(2)the correlation coefficient between x and y and
(3)the standard deviation of y when variance of X= 9 (8)
15. (i) Heights of fathers and sons are given in centimeters. (10)

Heights of 150 152 155 157 160 161 164 166

 fathers X

Heights of 154 156 158 159 160 162 161 164

sons Y

Find the two lines of regression and calculate its expected average heights of the son
when the heights of the father are 154 cm.
(ii) The life time of a certain brand of an electric bulb may be considered as a random
variable with mean 1200 h and standard deviation 250h. Find the probability using
central limit theorem, that the average Lifetime of 60 bulbs exceeds 1250h (6)
16. Let X and Y be random variable’s having joint density function
3 2
(x y 2 ), 0 x 1, 0 y 1
f ( x, y) 2 . (16)
0, otherwise

Find the correlation coefficient between X and Y.

 UNIT III
STANDARD DISTRIBUTIONS
PART-A
1. The mean and S.D of a Binomial distribution are 20 and 4. Determine the distribution.
2. Define Poisson distribution and state any two instances where Poisson distribution may
be successfully employed.

3(et 1)
3. The m.g.f of a Poisson variate is e . Find P( X= 1)
4. If the probability that a target is destroyed on any one shot is 0.5, what is the
probability that it would be destroyed at 6th attempt.
5. Define Geometric Distribution and give its mean and variance.
6. Define Uniform distribution and give its mean and variance.
7. If X is uniformly distributed over (0,10) calculate the probability that (i)X >6 (ii) 3 <X
<8
8. Define exponential distribution and give its mean and variance.
1
1 3
x
e ,x 0
9. Let X be a r.v with p.d.f f(x) = 3 .Find its m.g.f.
0 ,x 0

10. A Normal distribution has mean 20 S .D 10 f ind P(15 X 40)

PART-B
11. (i) In a large consignment of electric bulb 10% are defective. A random sample
of 20 is taken for inspection. Find the probability that
(1) all are good
(2) at most there are 3 are defective
(3) exactly 3 defective (8)
(ii) The number of monthly break down of a computer is a r.v having a Poisson
distribution with mean equal to 1.8. Find the probability that their computer will
function for a month
(1) without a break down
(2) with only one break down
(3) with at least one break down. (8)

12. (i) A die is tossed until 6 appear. What is the probability that it must be tossed more
 than 5 times. (8)
(ii) If X and Y are independent Poisson variates such the P(X=1)=P(X=2) and
P(Y=2)=P(Y=3) find the variance of X-2Y (8)
13. (i)If the probability that an applicant for a driving license will pass the road test on any
given trial is 0.8. What is the probability that he will finally pass the test
(1) On the fourth trial
(2) in fewer than 4th trial (8)
(ii) Find the probability that in tossing a fair coin 5 times, there will appear
(1) 3 heads (2) 3 tails and 2 head (3) at least 1 head. (8)
14. (i) The savings bank account of a customer showed an average balance of Rs 150 and a
S.D of Rs 50. Assuming that the account balances are normally distributed,
(a)What percentage of account is over Rs 200?
(b) What percentage of account is between Rs 120 and Rs 170?
(c) What percentage of account is less than Rs 75? (8)
(ii) The number of personal computer (PC) sold daily at a computer world is uniformly
distributed with a minimum of 2000 PC and a maximum of 5000PC. Find (8)
(1) the probability that daily sales will fall between 2500 and 3000PC.
(2) the probability the computer world will sell at least 4000 PCs?
(3) the probability that the computer world will exactly sell 2500 Pc’s.
15. (i) A random variable X has uniform distribution over (-3, 3).
Compute (1) P(X<2) (2) P( X <2) (8)

(ii) The amount of time that a watch will run without having to be reset is a r.v having
an exponential distribution with mean 120 days .
Find the probability that such watch will
(1) have to be set in less than 24 days and
(2) not have to be reset in at least 180 days. (8)
16. (i) In a test of 2000 electric bulbs it was found that the life of a particular bulb was
normally distributed with average life of 2040hours and standard deviation of 60
hours.Estimate the number of bulbs likely to burn for
(1)more than 2100 hrs
(2) less than 1950hrs
(3)More than 1920hrs but less tthan 2160 hrs.
(ii) The length of time a person speaks over phone follows an exponential distribution
 with mean 1/6.What is the probability that the person will talk for
(1) more than 8 minutes (2) between 4 and 8 minutes (8)
UNIT-IV
TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS.
PART-A

1. Define (i) Null hypothesis (ii) Alternative hypothesis.

2. Define Sampling Error.
3. Write down the formula for testing of double mean of large samples.
4. A normal populations has a mean of 6.8 and S.D of 1.5. In a sample of 400 members
mean is 6.75. Is the difference significant?
5. Define: Parameters and Statistics.
6. A coin is tossed 256 times and 132 heads are obtained. Would you conclude that the
coin is biased one?
7. A bag contain defective articles, exact number which is not known. A sample of 100
from the bag gives 10 defective articles. Find the limit for the proportion of defective
articles in the bag.
2
8. Write the two applications of - test.
9. Write the applications of F-test

a b
2
10. For a 2x2contingency table write down the corresponding value
c d

PART –B
11. (i) In a large city A, 20 percent of a random sample of 900 school boys had a slight
physical defect In another large city B, 18.5 percent of a random sample of 1600 school
boys had the same defect. Is the difference between the proportions significant? (8)
(ii)The nine items of a sample had the following values
45,47,50,52,48,47,49,53,51,.Does the mean of nine item differ significantly from the
assumed population mean 47.5 (8)
12. (i) A simple sample of height of 6400 English man has a mean of 170cm and s.d of
6.4 cm while a simple sample of height of 1600 Americans has a mean of 172 cm
and S. D of 6.3 cm. Do the data indicate that Americans are taller than the
Englishmen. (8)
 (ii) Two horses A and B were tested according to the time (in seconds) to run a
particular track with the following results (8)
Horse A 28 30 32 33 33 29 34
Horse B 29 30 30 24 27 29 -
Test whether the horse A is running faster than B at 5 % level.
13. (i) In a certain experiment to compare two types of pig foods A and B, the following
results of increase in weights were observed in pigs. (8)

Pig Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total

Increase in (food A) 49 53 51 52 47 50 52 53 407
Increase in (food B) 52 55 52 53 50 54 54 53 423

Assuming that the two sample pigs are independent, Can we conclude that the food B is
better than food A.
(ii)In a sample of 1000 people in Maharashtra 540 are rice eaters & the rest are wheat
eaters .Can we assume that both rice & wheat are equally popular in this state at 1%
level of significance. (8)
14. (i)Two random samples gave the following results.
Sa samples Size Sample mean Sum of the squares of
deviations from the mean
1 10 15 90
2 12 14 108
Examine whether the samples come from the same normal population. (10)

(ii) 200 digits were chosen at random from a set of tables the frequency of the digits are
given
Digits 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Frequency 18 19 23 21 16 25 22 20 21 15

Using Chi-square test, find the digits were distributed in signal number in the tables.
15. (i)Two samples are drawn from the normal population are given below
Sample I 24 27 26 21 25
Sample II 27 30 32 36 28 23
Test whether the two samples have same variance at 5% level of significance (8)
 (ii) Two researchers A and B adopted different techniques while rating the student’s
level. Can you say that the techniques adopted by them are significant? (8)

Researchers Below Average Above Genius Total

average average
A 40 33 25 2 100
B 86 60 44 10 200
Total 126 93 69 12 300

16. (i) The table below gives the number of aircraft accidents that occurred during the
various days of the week .Test whether the accidents are uniformly distributed over the
week. (8)
Days: Mon Tue Wed Thr Fri Sat

No .of 14 18 12 11 15 14
accident

(ii) In an experiment on immunization of cattle from tuberculosis the following results

were obtained. (8)

Affected Not Affected

Included 12 26
Not Included 16 6

Calculate χ2 and discuss the effect of vaccine in controlling unacceptability to tuberculosis.

UNIT –V
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
PART-A
1. Write the basic assumptions in analysis of variance.
2. What are the uses of analysis of variance?
3. Give the analysis variance tables for one way classification.
4. Compare one way classification and two way classification.
5. What is the aim of the design of experiment?
6. What do you mean by replication?
7. Define the term completely randomized design
8. Define Mean square
9. What do you meant by Latin Square?
10. Why a 2x2 Latin Square is not possible? Explain.

PART -B
11. The following table gives the lives in hours of four brands of electric lamp (16)
Brand A: 1610 1610 1650 1680 1700 1720 1800
Brand B: 1580 1640 1640 1700 1750
BrandC: 1460 1550 1600 1620 1640 1660 1740 1820
Brand D: 1510 1520 1530 1570 1600 1680
Perform an analysis of variance test the homogeneity of mean lives of the four brands
of lamps.
12. A completely randomized design experiment with 10 pots and 3 treatments gave the
following results:
Plot. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Treatment: A B C A C C A B A B
Yield: 5 4 3 7 5 1 3 4 1 7
Analyze the result for treatment effects. (16)
13. An experiment was design to study the performance of 4 different detergent for
cleaning fuel injector The following cleanness reading were obtained with specially
designed equipment for 12 tanks of gas distributed over different models of engines.

Engine 1 Engine2 Engine 3 Total

Detergent A 45 43 51 139
Detergent B 47 46 52 145
Detergent C 48 50 55 153
Detergent D 42 37 49 128
Total 182 176 207 565

Looking on the detergents of treatments and the engines at blocks. Obtain the
appropriate analysis of variance table and test at the 0.01 level of significant whether
 there are differences in Detergents or in Engines. (16)
14. The following table gives the number of refrigerators sold by 4 salesmen in three
months. (16)
Salesman
A B C D
I 50 40 48 39
II 46 48 50 45
III 39 44 40 39
Is there any significant difference between the sales made by the four salesmens?
Is there any significant difference between the sales made during different months?
15. A farmer wishes to test the effects of four different fertilizers A, B, C, D on the yield
of wheat. In order to eliminate sources of error due to variability in soil fertility, he uses
the fertilizers in a Latin Square arrangement as indicated in the following table, where
the members indicate yields in bushels per unit area. (16)

A C D B
18 21 25 11
D B A C
22 12 15 19
B A C D
15 20 23 24
C D B A
22 21 10 17
Perform an analysis of variance to determine if there is a significant difference between
the fertilizers at = 0.05 level of significance.

16. Analyse the variance in the Latin square of yields (in kgs) paddy where P,Q,R,S denote
the different methods of cultivational . (16)

S P R Q
122 121 123 122
Q R P S
124 123 122 125
 P Q S R
120 119 120 121
R S Q P
122 123 121 122

Examine whether the different method of cultivation have given significantly different
yields.