8

Technology and Livelihood Education

Technical Drafting
Module 4
Maintain Hand Tools, Drawing
Instruments, Equipment and
Paraphernalia
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Week 2–Module 4: Maintain Hand Tools, Drawing Instruments, Equipment and Paraphernalia
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Development Team of the Module

Writer(s): Julius B. Baldelovar

Reviewer(s):

Illustrator(s): Jonie Mar Rebucas

Layout Artist:

Management Team

Chairperson: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Conniebel C. Nistal, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Pablito B. Altubar, CID Chief

Members: Elvira A. Almonte, EPS

Narcisa Sabello, PSDS
Imelda Fabe, PSDS
Himaya B. Sinatao, LRMS Manager
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II

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Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Office Address: Brgy. 23,National Highway, Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088 328 0118
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 8
Technology and Livelihood Education

Technical Drafting
Module 4
Maintain Hand Tools, Drawing
Instruments, Equipment and
Paraphernalia
This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................ii
How to Learn from this Learning Package...........................................................................................ii
Icons of this Learning Package...............................................................................................................iii

What I Know.................................................................................................................................................iii

Week 2
(LO 1 Maintain hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia)
LO 1.1-Perform safety procedures in maintaining hard tools, drawing, instrument, equipment
and paraphernalia
What I Need to Know ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
What’s In 1
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What’s New (Activity 1 Word search) 2
--------------------------------------------------------------
What Is It (intro to maintenance safety procedure in using hand tools and equipment 3
What’s More ( Exit Card 321) 6
------------------------------------------------------------------------
What I Have Learned Word Bank ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7
What I Can Do ( safety Selfie Go ) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7

Week 2
(LO 1.2 Follow Procedures in cleaning, tightening and simple repair of hand tools drawing
instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia.)
What I Need to Know ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
What’s In 8
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What’s New ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
What Is It Procedures in cleaning, tightening and simple repair of hand tools
drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia.) ----------------------------------------- 9
What’s More ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
What I Have Learned ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
What I Can Do ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

Week 2
(LO 1.3 Identify Common malfunction when using hand tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia.)

What I Need to Know ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

What’s In 14
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
What’s New (crossword ) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
What Is It (Common malfunction when using hand tools, drawing instruments,
16
equipment, and paraphernalia.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------
What’s More ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
What I Have Learned ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
What I Can Do ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18

Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Assessment: (Post-Test) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Key to Answers ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21
References ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
 This page is intentionally blank

What This Module is About

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one of the

components of Technology and Livelihood Education(TLE). It offers a lot of
skills appropriate for the jobs offered by the different companies nowadays.

The primary purpose of Technical Drafting is to provide you the basic

and primary knowledge and skills that will lead you in basic technical drafting
skills, drawing conventions and necessary tools used in technical drafting.

Uponcompletion of this module, you are expected to: exhibit

understanding of concepts and principles in maintaining hand tools, drawing
instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia

In this module, topics will be introduced progressively in every lesson

for
gradual understanding. You will learn all the basics of maintenance; perform
safety,follow procedures and identify common malfunction when using hand
tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia used in Technical
drafting.

After carefully reading all the lessons, answering all the questions, and
masterfully performing all the activities, you are expected to maintain tools,
equipment, and paraphernalia. You will be given one week or 4 hours to finish
thismodule.

So, explore and experience the K to 12 TLE modules and be a step

closer tobecoming a successful Technical Draftsman.
 i

What I Need to Know

Week 4

LO.1 Maintain hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and

paraphernalia (TLE-ICTTO7/8T-Ob-1)
1.1 Perform safety procedures in maintaining hand tools, drawing
instruments, equipment and paraphernalia
1.2 Follow procedures in cleaning, tightening and simple repair of hand
tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia.
1.3Prepare an inspection report of the hand tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia received in technical drafting

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

•Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

•Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises

diligently.

•Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module
What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

iii

What I Know
 Pre- Test
Direction.Choose the Letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following factors that contributes to the rapidly growing interest in
maintenance that leads to a more mechanized and automated equipment.
a. Environmental concern c. Increased fixed costs
b. Greater complication d. Technological development
2. Which of the following factors that contributes to the rapidly growing interest in
maintenance that concerns in the growing quantity of electronic wastes
(monitors, laptops, cellular phones, other electronic gadgets and its
substances).
a. Environmental concern c. Increased fixed costs
b. Greater complication d.Technological development
3. Which of the following tool that needs to maintain a strong grasp, it’s Handle
must be slip-free, jaws have a strong grip and its blades well sharpened. To
utilize this tool. A worker must firmly hold it by its handle and make sure the not
too much stress is applied to the wrist or the arm.
a. Cutting toolb. Gripping Tool c. Diagnostic Tool d. Driving Tool
4. What you should applied to the tools after tightening to reduce the friction.
a. Alcohol b. Cleaning Agents c disinfectants d. lubricants
5. ________ is one of the sure ways to keep a safe workplace.
a. Cleaning b. Good House Keeping c. Maintenance d. Safety

Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong.

_______1. All tools and equipment must be properly maintained so that workers are
not endangered.
_______2. Corrective maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools,
equipment and machines in order to keep them in a safe, usable condition, limit
downtime and extend productivity.
_______3. The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance
will depend on the kinds of tools/equipment used.
___4. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed
fromservice.
_______5. Most manufacturers can’t provide maintenance schedules for their
equipment.
_______6. Properly stored tools and equipment will be hard to find when needed and
are less likely to be lost.
________7. Use bins for storing small parts is a good practice on proper storage.
________8. Productivity is increased because time is not lost looking for tools, parts
and equipment is one of the benefits of proper storage.
_________9. Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed
from service.
_________10. Choosing the correct tools for a specific task will increase the chance of
inflicting bodily injuries.

iv
 Lesson MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS, DRAWING INSTRUMENTS,

4 EQUIPMENT AND PARAPHERNALIA (MT)

LO 1. Maintain hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you as a learner is expected to:

1.1Perform safety procedures in maintaining hand tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia

What’s In
Identify the Following Tools:

1. ___________________

3 2. _____________________
2

1 3. _____________________

4 5
4. _____________________

5. ____________________
https://www.amazon.com/Drafting-Students-Architecture-Protractor-
Mechanical/dp/B07N4P7TLL

What’s New 1

Encircle the letters in the box to form the words given below
 Activity 1 - Word Search
P H Q H N Q O C U E N M M T J O B A E L
X A G N M I O S Q L D A T D O Z K R Z I
X M R P P M S U N G E I U J U T A D O C
M R F A P F I G E N Q N I Z W U Z X K N
I N E A R P O T F A B T K J Q K N B L E
S E S S M P L U Y I A E L S Q E C Y B P
H S L E A A H J P R O N T E G A R O T S
A N N K A R Y E U T Q A D R A F T I N G
P T L R U G E Z R D V N I Y I L P Y C U
S E W R F G M T J N C C T K Y I O E H M
Q O U D H Y N R A V A E T N O M W Z Q C
U M Q P T M G I B B F L L J Y H F B N A
E R U D E C O R P A L B I T O O L S U R
V P S G R X U Q S P J E T A L W D E M E
C S Z J N I O T T P I X W Z J D O Z P Z
Q A T B B Z L P T A V R B K T I S I Q Y
H S K B X I R M M I I P G B T S D S H U
A P X D O P K N E Y N I H M F D B Q P S
K T G W W T B G P H O G N O C E U Q L Q
E O Y S Q H N D J O S U W T E H V Z O L

CARE COMPASS CUTTING

DRAFTING EQUIPMENT ERASER
GRIPPING MAINTENANCE MISHAPS
PARARPHERNALIA PENCIL PROCEDURE
SAFETY STORAGE TABLE
T-SQUARE
TOOLS TRIANGLE

What’s is It
2

LO 1 . 1.1Perform safety procedures in maintaining hand tools, drawing

instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia

Maintenance- is the work of keeping your tools or equipment in proper condition.

Preventative Maintenance (PM)- is the systematic care and protection of tools,
equipment and machines in order to keep them in a safe, usable condition, limit
downtime and extend productivity.
Corrective Maintenance (CM).- is a type of maintenance used for equipment after
equipment break down or malfunctionand bringing something back to working order .

All tools and equipment must be properly maintained so that workers are not
endangered. Regulations require inspections of tools, machines and equipment
before use.We must always be aware that maintenance tasks themselves are
potentially hazardous and can result in injury.
The successful maintenance program is:
 well organized and scheduled,
 controls hazards,
  defines operational procedures, and
 trains key personnel.

The degree of detail to include regarding tools and equipment maintenance

will depend on the kinds of tools/equipment used. Some construction equipment may
have very specific inspection and maintenance requirements. Electronic equipment
may have different maintenance requirements. Hand tools may require only basic
maintenance. Power tools should be maintained in good working order. This may be
limited to ensuring that blades/bits are replaced when needed and those guards or
other safety devices are operable and any damaged electrical cords/plugs are
repaired or replaced.

Damaged or defective equipment/tools should be tagged and removed from

service. Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their
equipment. Large companies typically have a comprehensive maintenance program
due to the capital investment and/or leasing agreements. Smaller companies may
lease equipment and maintenance services may be included in the leasing
agreement.
General requirements for tools and equipment maintenance include:
 Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the
manufacturer
 Ensuring that maintenance is performed as required
 Ensuring that the person(s) performing the maintenance are competent (e.g.
licensed mechanic)
 Retaining records of maintenance/service conducted Specifying who is
responsible for overseeing equipment maintenance and where the records
are kept
 Set up a system for removal and tagging of damaged or defective tools and
equipment
3

The Growth of Interest in Maintenance

The factors contributing to the rapidly growing interest in maintenance are:

1. Technological development
This trend leads to a more mechanized and automated Technological development
equipment, resulting in great productive potential which must be kept working. This means
that training facilities are becoming more complicated and required more advanced
maintenance.

2. Increasingly expensive raw materials

Finite raw materials, in combination with a growing population and increasing
assumption, inevitably result in higher raw material prices. Unavoidably, the costs of all by-
products must rise. It is therefore often more profitable to maintain existing equipment than
purchase new ones.

3. Greater complication
A complicated facility of piece of equipment includes many components, any or all of
which can constitute possible sources of trouble. Although the operational reliability of each
individual component may be very high, it is necessary to multiply reliability factor of all
components that are dependent on each other in a system in order to arrive at the total
system reliability.

4. Increased fixed costs

 Capital costs constitute a considerable part of the total costs of training and must be
covered by the added value created. If training stops as a result of inadequate maintenance,
capital costs (depreciation) must still be paid, so that the standstill results in a net loss. Still,
the salaries and overhead expenses must be paid while training is stopped.

5. Reduce delayed activities and eradicate uncompleted work

Many work processes depend on an uninterrupted flow of activities to produce
desired result. If an activity is delayed, the entire work stops. If all the facilities and
equipment are reliable working well, work delay can be reduced.

6. Environmental concern
The growing quantity of electronic wastes (monitors, laptops, cellular phones, other
electronic gadgets and its substances), the increasing use of chemicals such as cleaning
agents, paints, fuel and its derivatives, the by-products created from its use, and its disposal,
pose danger to the environment and all living things.

Mass awareness on waste management brings the relevance of conserving the

natural resources and the products (machines, tools) thru proper maintenance to lengthen
its useful life.
SAFETY PROCEDURE IN USING HAND TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

The use of hand tools in accomplishing tasks and job orders greatly increase the
productivity and accuracy of a worker. Although hand tools provide convenience and ease in
completing any task, it may also cause injuries and infirmities if used incorrectly. Safety
procedures must always be a priority in any workplace so that the security of all is assured.

A worker must always be aware of the task he must accomplish so that he would
know the hand tools that he needs. Choosing the correct tools for a specific task will reduce
the chance of inflicting bodily injuries. Selecting the wrong tool may damage the tool itself
and harm the user. Reading the operational procedures of a particular tool is greatly
advised.

Different types of tools can be utilized differently. Listed below are some of the ways
to utilize these tools but also maintain safety in using them:

Cutting tools such as cutters, splicing tool

4 and scissors must always be kept sharp.
Dull tools often cause more injuries and malfunctions than a sharp one. It is also required
that a worker cut away from his direction or his hands and fingers.
To prevent cuts:
 Use the right tool for the job. (Only use the tool only for the job it was designed for.
For example, a knife should not be used as a pry bar, can opener, chisel, punch, awl,
scraper, or screwdriver.)
 Educate and train all staff in the safe use of any tool they may use.
 Inspect the tool before use.
 Make sure the blade is sharp. Dull blades require more force, increasing the chance
of injury.
 Carry one tool at a time, tip and blade pointed down at your side.
 Work in a well-lit space so you can see what you are doing.
 Cut on a stable surface. Use a cutting board and/or slip-resistant matting to prevent
the item from sliding on the counter.
 Where possible, use a mechanical device to hold the item.
 Hold the tool with your stronger hand.
 Use protective clothing such as cut resistant or mesh gloves, especially for the
holding hand. Safety glasses will protect the eyes if the blade shatters or breaks.
 Cut away from your body. Make sure no body parts are in the cutting path, or in the
path the blade might take if it slips.
  If the tool has a retractable blade, retract it immediately after use, and retract it fully.
Similarly, close scissors or snips when not in use.
 Place the tool at the back of the counter when not in use, with the sharp edge away
from you.
 Store tools appropriately. For example, store knives securely in a knife rack or
drawer, with the handles facing the front. Or, create racks, slots, or boxes near the
work space to store the tool.
 Throw out broken, dull, or rusty blades by placing them in a puncture resistant
container.
 Do not use excessive pressure when cutting.
 Do not try to catch a falling tool. Quickly move out of the way, let it fall, and then pick
it up.
 Do not engage in horseplay with a tool in your hand.
 Do not engage in discussions with your co-workers while you are using a sharp tool.
Stop cutting if you need to look up or focus on something else.
 Do not carry tools while carrying other objects.
 Do not carry an open tool in your pocket.
 Do not drop or leave a sharp tool in a place where it cannot be seen; for example, by
placing other items on top of the tool.
 Do not pass or throw a tool to someone else. Place the tool or knife on the counter
and let the other person pick it up. Tools like scissors can be passed in the closed
position, handle first.

Gripping tools such as pliers must maintain a strong grip. Handles must be slip-free,
jaws have a strong grip and its blades well sharpened. To utilize this tool. A worker must
firmly hold it by its handle and make sure the not too much stress is applied to the wrist or
the arm.

Driving tools must always be kept straight. Wrenches must be free from any substance
that may cause slippage. The jaws must also have a strong grip. Screw drivers must
maintain a straight body, a non-slip handle, and an undamaged tip. Proper grip and turning
of the wrist will also increase efficiency.

A striking tool’s handle must be well attached to its head to avoid it from flying away.
To utilize this tool, a worker must hold it comfortably and firmly in his hand before swinging.

Diagnostic tools such as a tester must always

5 be calibrated before use. Only use the
tools as recommended by the manufacturer.

Work space must also be observed properly. The possibility of harm and injuries is
greatly increased by an unsafe workplace. One must always be aware of the hazards that
are present in the work area. The space available in the workplace also influences the
efficiency and accuracy of using a hand tool. Working in a tight space may require to use a
different set of tools that would fit in the limited area.

What’s More

Do the activity below this is an exit card this will help you evaluate what you
have learned ,liked, inspire or ignite your learning so as with what the things that you
still don’t understand. Follow the example given.
 EXIT CARD
3 things I Learned today 2 things I found 1 question I shall Have
Interesting
Example : 1. benefits of having 1. What are the
1. different types of tools tools potential risk in
2. Uses of tools 2. pros and cons using this tools
3. Functions
1.
1. – 1. –

2. – 2. -

3. -

What I Have Learned

6

Direction: look for safety tips or procedure in the box and write it to the columns under
tits corresponding tools. The first one is done for you.

Tools Cutting Tools Gripping Striking Driving Diagnostic

Tools Tools Tools Tools
 Cut away from Handles handle must must always must always
your body must be slip- be well be kept be calibrated
Use and safety procedures free, attached to straight before use
Do not carry an its head to
open tool in your jaws have a avoid it from The jaws
pocket. strong grip flying away must also
and its have a
Hold the tool with blades well strong grip
your stronger sharpened
hand.

Do not drop or
leave a sharp tool
in a place where it
cannot be see
Word Bank
Handles must be slip-free, The jaws must also have a strong grip
Hold the tool with your stronger hand. must always be kept straight
must always be calibrated before use Hold the tool with your stronger hand.
Do not carry an open tool in your pocket.Cut away from your body

Do not drop or leave a sharp tool in a place where it cannot be seen

handle must be well attached to its head to avoid it from flying away

What I Can Do

Safety Selfie Go
What you need : Smart phone ( you may ask or borrow if you don’t have yours ) then send it to my m
Instruction : take a selfie of you with any safety signs or procedure when using hand tools or equipment. Put a caption and

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-13/traffic-lights-for-beaches-could-save-lives/11105324

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you as a learner is expected to:

1.2 Follow procedures in cleaning, tightening and simple repair of hand tools,
drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia.
 What’s In

After Reading the previous module, Do you Think Maintenance Program is

important? Why? (Write your answer on your activity notebook )

Ans: Start by Saying: Maintenance Program is____________

Differentiate Preventive Maintenance (PM) from Corrective Maintenance (CM)

Ans: A……………

What’s New

Direction: Look at the pictures below and answer the following questions.
What do you think the picture is all about?
What is Common to them?
Do you think this is important? Why?
Record your answer in a separate paper or your notebook. After reading the
module go back to your answer and check your work honestly.

https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-illustration-boy-
https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-illustration-boy- screwdriver-closeup-fixing-something-image54493163
screwdriver-closeup-fixing-something-image54493163
8

What is It

LO1. 1.2 PROCEDURES IN CLEANING, TIGHTENING AND SIMPLE REPAIR OF HAND

TOOLS, DRAWING INSTRUMENTS, EQUIPMENT, AND PARAPHERNALIA.

Drafting tools are often delicate and have many intricate and small pieces that need
to be well maintained to continue working properly. Organizing and storing these items has
a great deal to do with keeping them in pristine shape and working correctly. With a little
patience and developing a routine, your tools will be well taken care of and working for a
long time.

THINGS YOU WILL NEED

•Gentle cleaner •Cleaning cloth •Rubber bands
•Drafting tube •Organizer tray •File folder
•Card stock •Plastic pouches •Art bin storage box

1. Lay out all the drafting tools that you use

and separate them into piles of like items.
Place all pencils together, markers,
erasers, rulers, stencils, paper and
miscellaneous.

2. Using the cleaner, spray the cloth and wipe down

supplies that have residue on them. Pencils,
markers, stencils and rulers often retain oils on
them from fingers.

3. Take the erasers and rub out any black marks.

Do this by rubbing the eraser against a clean
piece of paper until the black smudge has
disappeared. For kneaded erasers, these can
simply be stretched and remodeled into a ball,
similar to bread dough, to get the black smudge
marks out.
4. Run your hands through your drafting brush to
remove any loose debris. Then, wipe it down
with the cleaning cloth to remove any residue
from the handle.

Roll up your drafting papers into a tight roll.

Secure them with a rubber band at each
end. Place the roll into a drafting tube for
storage.

5. Place the pens and markers into the long slots

of the organizer tray. Place the erasers in the
smaller cube slots. Fill in with any other
drafting materials, such as lead refills, push
pins, paper clips, small rulers and mounting
stickers.
6. Take your compass and wipe it off with the
cleaning cloth. If it is going to be stored in the
organizer tray, wind the compass down until it is
straight (versus at an angle, making a triangle
shape). If it has its own case, then wind it to
the size the case has set for it to be stored,
and place it into the box.

7. Make a folder to hold all your stencils. Create

holding flaps in an ascending order so the stencils can be layered and easy to see and
access when needed. To make these flaps, simply use card stock paper and cut it into 3-
or 4-inch sections. Glue each section onto a large main piece of card stock, starting
towards the top for the smallest stencil and working your way down to the bottom. Glue
three of the four edges, leaving the top edge open for the stencil to slide into.
8. Place this newly made stencil holder into a large plastic or mesh pouch. Put a dry-
cleaning cloth in the pouch, placed over the stencils, to help keep them clean.
9. Place the drafting brush and rulers into the pouch. Then place the organizer tray into the
pouch. If the compass had its own storage box, then place this in the pouch. All the
major tools should now be in this portable carrying pouch with your paper in the separate
portable carrying drafting tube.
Proper Care and Maintenance
It is essential to take proper care of the drafting tools, materials, and
equipment. Below are some tips to properly use and take care of them.

1.Avoid dropping your tools and equipment.

2.Never use measuring tools in cutting paper.
3.Wipe off the surface and edges of triangles and T-squares.
4.Sharpen and store your pencils properly after use.
5.Find or create and organizer where you can hang your measuring tools.
6.Have a separate container for making tools.

10

7. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic tube to protect them from a dust and dirt.
8.Never lend or borrow drafting tools and materials if may.
Hand tools and equipment are
subjected to different levels of abuse
while in use. These abuses may result
in the tools being dirty, loosely
connected or even damaged. Before
using any tool or equipment, it is a
must that they be inspected properly to
ensure that they are operational and
safe.

One basic thing to remember to keep

hand tools, equipment and
paraphernalia clean is to make sure
that the workplace is properly
organized.
The work area must always be kept neat and tidy.
All tools and equipment must be placed in a clean and dry place.

Clean tools and equipment work more efficiently. This lessens the effort
needed to operate them and reduces the possibility of mishaps.

Before cleaning any tool, be sure to wear the proper personal protective
equipment (PPE).Gloves, masks and goggles are usually worn when cleaning tools
since most cleaning agents and solutions are harmful to the human body.
Only use cleaning agents as prescribed by the tool or equipment’s manufacturer.
Follow the cleaning procedures as well to make sure that no damage will be inflicted on the
tools.
8.
Cleaning the tools after use is highly recommended. Tools with moving parts
often suffer loosening of its parts. This is normal since these segments keep on moving. A
tool with loose parts will not function properly and may cause injuries.
Gripping tools such as a plier is an example that needs tightening. A plier’s rivet
must be well tightened to be able to grip properly.
Lubricants must also be applied after tightening to reduce the friction.
Driving tools’ handles must also be tightened to reduce hand strain when turning. A
loosely connected handle will make it almost impossible to use it.

In doing simple repair of tools, make sure that you are knowledgeable in doing
so. Repairing tools without sufficient skills may result to further damage or inflict injuries to
the fixer. Small repairs like tightening, sharpening and changing of handles may not require
special skills to do. Power tools and specialized equipment on the other hand may require
specialized skills in repairing. It is recommended that complicated tools and equipment be
brought to the authorized service center. If a tool or equipment is beyond repair, it must be
disposed properly.

11

PROPER STORAGE OF TOOLS, PARTS, AND EQUIPMENT

 To guarantee that tools and equipment remain in good working condition and extend
its usability, store them properly. Properly stored tools and equipment will be easy to find
when needed and are less likely to be lost. Good practices include:

 Parts should be properly stored and labeled (Figure 1).

 Tools should be properly placed on the board, and labeled (Figure 2). Consider
drawing the shapes of the tools on the board so that they always get put back in the
same position.
 Use bins for storing small parts (Figure 3).
 Consider making an individual (or individuals) responsible for the good
maintenance of tools and parts.

Benefits:
 Tools and parts are kept in good condition and are easy to find
 Costs are reduced.
 Productivity is increased because time is not wasted looking for tools, parts and
equipment.
 Workshop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their work.

What’s More

What can you say about the Pictures?

Why do you think this happen?

What are you going to do to avoid this to happen

Write your answer in your activity notebook

http://ndccatulpos.blogspot.com/2017/01/common-malfunction-in-hand-tools.html

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What I Have Learned

Enumeration:
List at least 5 tips to properly use and take care of hand tools, equipment and
paraphernalia.
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________

Give the 4 Benefits of Properly Stored hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and
paraphernalia.
1. ________________________________________
2. ________________________________________
3. ________________________________________
4. ________________________________________

What I Can Do

Try to dis assemble a phone write down every step you have done, then
assemble it again doing the same thing. What have you observed?

Write your reflection about the activity or share to the class.

Steps in dis-assembling Steps in dis-assembling

Observation

Reflection

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 What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you as a learner is expected to:

LO 1.3 Identify common malfunction (unplanned or unusual events) when using

tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia.

What’s In

It is essential to take proper care of the drafting tools, materials, and

equipment.

Give at List 5 tips to properly use and take care of the tools, equipment and
paraphernalia.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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What’s New
 15

What’s is It
 Common malfunction when using hand tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia
The proper use of tools, equipment and paraphernalia will greatly increase efficiency
and occupational safety in a workplace. Having the proper knowledge and skills in using
such tools is needed in order to operate and use them effectively. But more often than not,
problems and malfunctions may arise while using these tools. These malfunctions can be
minimized by exercising careful usage of the tools.

Malfunctions and other unplanned and unusual event may not be totally eliminated,
but it can surely be minimized.
Listed below are some of the malfunctions and unplanned events when using the
different tools in completing a job requirement:
When using a driving tool, screws may slip the tip of the screw driver. This
happens when the screw driver is not properly aligned with drive of the screw’s head. This
can be minimized by making sure that the tip of the screw driver is well secured in the drive
of the screw’s head. Using a screw driver with a magnetized tip can also help minimize this
type of malfunction.
Small objects tend to fall down when being held by a gripping tool like pliers.
This usually happens when the jaws of the pliers are blunt, thus making it hard to hold on
things. This can be prevented by making sure that gripping tools have well maintained jaws
that can grasp objects properly.
The use of striking tools also imposes a great threat if there will be a
malfunction. Common hazards are heads separating away from the handle. This could
cause severe injuries to anyone. To avoid this type of accident, the handle of a striking tool
must be tightly attached to its head.
Mishaps in using cutting tools is also dangerous. Malfunctions may arise from
slippage of the material to be cut. This may also happen if a cutting tool is not sharp enough.
These unplanned events will cause laceration and wounds to the user. To avoid this, cutting
tools must always be kept sharp.
Power tools also impose danger during mishaps. Common problems are
electrical short circuiting or mechanical problems. Malfunctioning power tools may cause
electrocution and even decapitation of the limbs. These accidents can be avoided by making
sure that all power tools are well maintained and are in fit operating condition.
Diagnostic tools may not impose a threat to the well-being of a worker but
inaccurate reading may compromise the completion of a job requirement. Inaccurate
reading may occur if a diagnostic tool is not properly calibrated. To avoid this, a regular
calibration to all diagnostic tools must be done.

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What’s More
 List at least 5 tools, /equipment or paraphernalia in drafting, identify its
malfunction, possible cause and provide solution. You can do crowd sourcing by
asking your friends in social media to get first-hand experience. write their answers
on the table provided.

The first item is done for you.

Type of Tool Common Possible cause Action Taken

equipment or malfunction Solution.
paraphernalia

0.eraser Causes dirt on Not properly Clean the eraser

drawings/canvas cleaned by wiping it with
clean cloth or
cotton

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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What I Have Learned

 Multiple choice: Write the letter of your correct answer on a separate sheet of
paper
1. Which of the following is the reason why screws may slip in the top of screw driver?
a. Screw driver is not properly aligned with the screw head
b. Magnetize screw is being used
c. The tip of the screw is well secured in the drive of the screw head
d. jaws of the pliers are blunt.
2. Malfunctions in cutting tools may arise from slippage of the material to be cut. This
usually happens if:
a. Making hard to hold on
b. Heads are separated from handle
c. Tool is not sharp enough
d. Inaccurate calibration
3. Repairing tools without sufficient skills may result to further ______ or inflict
_______to the fixer.
a. Damage ; injuries c. Mishaps; harm
b. Productivity ; effectiveness d. Misfortune ; accident
4. To prevent cuts due to cutting tools always cut the material with the direction _____
from your body.
a. Away b. beside c. going in d. straight
5. It is important to consider ____________whether in the industrial arts laboratory
shop, drafting room or in the home workshop.
a. Cost of training c. safety measures
b. Environmental concerns d. Waste Management

What I Can Do

Using the graphic organizer, Write

the Good Practices of Proper
storage of tools on the Fertilizer
area. then its benefits on each
fruits.
1.________________
2.________________
3._______________
4.________________

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Summary:
 It is important to consider safety measures whether in the industrial arts
laboratory shop, drafting room or in the home workshop. Good housekeeping is one
of the sure ways to keep a safe workplace. It is not the result of cleaning up once a
week or even once a day

It is the responsibility of everyone to maintain the good operating condition of

all the hand tools, equipment and paraphernalia in the workplace. Since these tools
help in thecompletion of the different job requirements, keeping them well preserved
will make work easier and more efficient.

There is certainly no absolute way to avoid any unforeseen malfunctions.The

only way to minimize them is to have the appropriate knowledge in using the different
tools.Proper inspection and assessment of tools must also be practiced to ensure the
safety of the worker and the accurate completion of a job requirement. Having a first
aid kit in the work area is also necessary so that quick response and cure can be
applied in case of any injuries.

Assessment: (Post-Test)

1. In storing your drawings, the following are best practices except.

a. Roll up your drafting papers into a tight roll.
b. Secure them with a rubber band at each end.
c. Fold your drawing into four parts and sealed it with adhesive tape.
d. Place the roll into a drafting tube for storage.

2. A compass could be cleaned with _____.

a. Alcohol c. clean cloth
b. Lubricants and oil d. sand paper

3. How will you clean your drafting brush? Choose two

I. Run your hands through your drafting brush to remove any loose debris
II. Squeeze your drafting brush to remove dust.
III. wipe it down with the cleaning cloth to remove any residue from the handle.
a. I & II b. I & III c. II &I d. II & III

4. Joules notice that upon erasing a portion of his drawing a black smudge will appear,
de decided to clean it. How will he properly clean it in order to remove black
smudge?
a. by rubbing the eraser against a clean piece of paper until the black smudge has
disappeared.
b. Wiping it with a clean cloth.
c. Spraying it with cleaning solution and damp it with a towel.
d. Cutting the portion of eraser with black smudge.
5. Pencils, markers, stencils and rulers often retain oils on them from fingers what is the
best way of cleaning them?
a. Use paper towel to wipe the dirt and oil.
b. Wash it with water and soap rinse and let it dry .
c. Using the cleaner, spray the cloth and wipe down supplies that have residue on
them.
d. Roll them in a dry tissue paper and put them in a pouch, let the oil dry itself.

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6. Hand tools provide convenience and ease in completing any task, it may also cause
__________ and ________ if used incorrectly.
a. damage and harm c. cuts and burns
b. Injuries and infirmities d. fatigue and stress

7. Selecting the wrong tool may _________ the tool itself and harm the user.
a. alter b. break c. crack d. damage

8. What is the best way to do with damage and defective tools equipment and
materials in order not to cause harm?
a. should be tagged and removed from service.
b. Inform everyone that the equipment is damage
c. Report it to the manager
d. Cover it with cloth or any plastic so that it can’t be used.

9. Tools with moving parts often suffer ____________ of its parts.

a. dealignment b. breaking c. loosening d. tightening

10. Malik experience malfunctions in using his cutting tools the materials to be cut
suddenly slipped. Why do you think is the reason why this happens?
a. Making hard to hold on c. heads are separated from handle
b. Tool is not sharp enough d. Inaccurate calibration
11. What can you suggest before using any tools, equipment or materials in order to
avoid mishaps?
a. Inspect the tools before using it
b. Try the equipment before using it
c. Ask the in-charge before using the tool
d. Plug it to lower voltage

12. Repairing tools without sufficient skills may result to further ______ or inflict
_______to the fixer.
a. Mishaps; harm c. Damage ; injuries
b. Productivity ; effectiveness d. Misfortune ; accident

13. Mathew wears gloves, masks and goggles when cleaning tools since most
cleaning agents and solutions are harmful to the human body. What do you
call the things did he wear?
a. Protective Gear c. PPE
b. Anti-viral Shield d. working accessories

14. After cleaning and tighten the tools Clarence put lubricants to the joints. Why do
youyou think he did that.
a. to reduce the friction c. to dis-infect
b. to keep the tools clean d. to remove dirt and rust
15. ________ is one of the sure ways to keep a safe workplace.
a. Cleaning b. Good House Keeping c. Maintenance d. Safety

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Key to Answers

21
References

http://ndcacop.blogspot.com/2017/01/safety-procedure-in-using-hand-tools_89.html

https://ndcdela-on.blogspot.com/2017/01/safety-procedures-in-using-hand-tools.html

Source: https://school.quipper.com/en-PH/index.html

https://homesteady.com/12170358/how-to-take-care-of-drafting-tools

http://ndcacop.blogspot.com/2017/01/proper-tool-use.html

http://ndcacop.blogspot.com/2017/01/common-malfunction-in-hand-tools.html

https://ndcmejica.blogspot.com/2017/01/common-malfunction-in-hand-tools.html

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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088 328 0118
E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph