Area-wise CSIR Laboratories Annual Report

2007-2008

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Apomixis (asexual seed

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Council of Scientific & Industrial Research

COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH New Delhi
Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi - 110 001
www.csir.res.in
Cover: Clockwise from top left
With
compliments
of
CSIR on
Cover Pages
of various journals

Apomixis
Technology
published in
Nature

Indian Genome
Variation
Database

Plant for manufacture

of epichlorohydrin from
Allyl chloride,
commissioned at
Ruyong, Thailand

Prof. S.K. Brahmachari

Director-General
Council of Scientific
& Industrial Research
New Delhi
 Annual Report
2007-2008

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Council of Scientific &

Industrial Research
Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001
www.csir.res.in
 CSIR ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

SOCIETY
President : PM
Vice President : M (S&T)

GOVERNING
BODY

PERFORMANCE
ADVISORY DIRECTOR
APPRAISAL
BOARD GENERAL
BOARDS

CSIR HQ.

MANAGEMENT LABORATORIES (37) RESEARCH

COUNCIL Head : Director COUNCIL
 Executive Summary 1
CONTENTS Resource Base 4
Performance Indicators 4-5

1.0 S&T CONTRIBUTIONS

1.1 Aerospace Science & Technology 6
1.2 Biology & Biotechnology 9
1.3 Chemical Sciences & Technology 25
1.4 Earth Resources & Natural Hazards Assessment 34
1.5 Ecology & Environment 40
1.6 Electronics & Instrumentation 44
1.7 Energy 49
1.8 Food & Food Processing 52
1.9 Health Care, Drugs & Pharmaceuticals 55
1.10 Housing & Construction 63
1.11 Information Dissemination & Products 65
1.12 Leather 69
1.13 Material, Minerals, Metals & Manufacturing 70

2.0 CENTRAL MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

2.1 Governing Body 74
2.2 Department Related Parliamentary Committee 75
2.3 CSIR Foundation Day 77
2.3.1 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Ceremony 78
2.3.2 CSIR Technology Awards 78
2.3.3 CSIR Young Scientist Award 79

3.0 HEADQUARTERS ACTIVITIES

3.1 R&D Planning Division (RDPD) 80
3.2 Intellectual Property Management Division (IPMD) 82
3.3 Technology Networking & Business Development Division (TNBD) 83
3.4 Human Resource Development Group (HRDG) 86
3.5 Human Resource Development Centre (HRDC) 89
3.6 International S&T Affairs Directorate (ISTAD) 90
3.7 Unit for Science Dissemination (USD) 96
3.8 Recruitment & Assessment Board (RAB) 97

4.0 Dateline CSIR 98

ANNEXURES
I Intellectual Property from CSIR A-1
IA Foreign Patents Granted A-2
II Top Papers Published by CSIR A-47
III Members of CSIR Society (including Members of A-58
CSIR Governing Body)
IV List of Eleventh Five Year Plan Projects A-62
V CAG Report A-66
List of CSIR Establishments
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Director General
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi - 110 001
Phone No. +91-11-23710472
E-Mail: dgcsir@csir.res.in
EXECUTIVE The Annual Report for the year 2007-08 provides a glimpse of Council of Scientific &
Industrial Research (CSIR) contributions to high science, strategic R&D, societal

SUMMARY mission, intellectual property, human resource development etc.

CSIR, a nationwide network of 37 national research laboratories and 39 extension
centres spans the length and breadth of India; from Jammu in the North to Jorhat in the
East; and from Thiruvananthapuram in the South to Bhavnagar in the West. Established
in 1942 as an autonomous, non-profit organization, CSIR’s charter of functions
includes promotion, guidance and co-ordination of scientific and industrial research,
collection and dissemination of information on research and industry, founding of
laboratories to carry forward scientific and industrial research and utilization of the
new knowledge so generated, for development of industry.
CSIR is also charged with other tasks such as rendering assistance to other
institutions conducting research, awarding fellowships and publishing scientific
journals. CSIR is making all round efforts to achieve leadership in frontiers of cutting
edge technologies in the field of aerospace; biological and chemical sciences &
technology; affordable healthcare; electronics; sustainable energy; materials for
futuristic applications, improvement in quality life of underprivileged population
through S&T interventions etc.
The year was very significant with respect to the achievements registered in high
science. Many research outcomes adorned the cover pages of peer-reviewed journals
of which to name a few are Technology & Applied Pharmacology, Journal of Polymer
Science, Nanomolecular Chemistry and Physics, Zebrafish etc. Perhaps the most
significant contribution towards high science is the development of apomixis
technology for asexual seed production in food crops by a process which allows
production of high yielding hybrid seeds at greatly reduced costs to the farmer.
Likewise, the development of Indian Genome Variation database (IGVDB) which
houses Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) frequency data in over 1000 genes
from disease and drug response candidates in population representing the entire
genetic diversity of India with over 150 co-authors, is another landmark achievement.
Development of a seismic technique “the S-wave receiver function” and accurate
measurement of the lithospheric thickness of several continents – India, Antarctica and
Australia which were all part of Gondwanaland was published in ‘Nature’. It not only
provides a new dimension to the classical Plate tectonics theory but also establishes
CSIR’s pre-eminence to the area of Earth science research. Strong evidence has been
provided to indicate how the plate thickness correlates with the speed of plate motion.
For the first time, an explanation has been provided for the first drift of the Indian plate
in the initial period after Gondwanaland break-up. Yet another contribution to high
science was reported in the field of Electronics Engineering wherein CSIR scientists
have carried out detailed analysis on the light transmission through a corrugated long
period waveguide grating made in silica-on -silicon planar waveguide. A design has
been optimized by proper choice of the grating parameters, which results in the
operating wavelength region. This type of waveguide gratings has significant potential
for various integrate-optic devices and sensing applications.
Apart from contributions to high science, CSIR has marked its presence in developing
many high-end processes, technologies, devices in other areas of S&T. Following

1
 paragraphs highlight some of the most striking accomplishments:
In the field of aerospace science and technology, an application of level 1 data fusion
to the air defense, a seeker filter based on Interacting Multiple Model Modified
Extended Kalman Filter (IMM-MEKF) has been designed by NAL. In addition to that
NAL has also developed, as an application of level 2 data fusion, a fuzzy-logic
Bayesian network based hybrid situation assessment model to serve as a pilot decision
making aid for Beyond Visual Range (BVR) Combat.
NAL has also designed and built India’s first state-of-the-art 12.88 metre dia Doppler
Weather Radar (DWR) Mark-II Radome. It has been installed around the 9 m dia DWR
at BEL-Bangalore site. The Mark-II has additional features like more transparent for
electromagnetic signals etc.
In biological science & technology the significant contributions have been reported
from CCMB, IGIB, IICB, and IMTECH. CCMB has sequenced the complete Pysomal
hydrolase cathepsin B (CTSB) with large number of well-characterized patients and
health control and identified several variants spread across the gene. The work
provides the first human evidence to the 30 year old cathepsin B hypothesis of
pancreatitis and suggests CTSB gene as second candidate gene, after SPINK1 gene to
be involved in the pathogenesis of tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP). Understanding
the functional basis of mutations in these genes may help develop predictive tests for
susceptibility to chronic pancreatitis.
IGIB developed a method which relates allelic variants of the human inositol
polyphosphate 4-phosphatase (INPP4A) gene and splice variants of the coding
sequence. It encodes INPP4A enzyme known to be an important regulator of platelet
activation. It also provides primers and method suitable for detection of the allelic
variants for applications such as molecular diagnosis, prediction and prevention of an
individual’s susceptibility to asthma and/or the genetic analysis of the INPP4A gene in
a population.
CSIR is also responsive to the challenge to conserve endangered animals. Black Buck
is one such animal. CCMB scientists used the technique of artificial insemination
which is routinely practiced for domestic animals, but not for wild animals. They
synchronized estrus in Black Buck by using an intra-muscular injection of estradiol
valerate with norgestomet and an ear-implant containing norgestomet. The estrus
synchronized animals were then inseminated intra-vaginally using a cattle artificial
insemination device containing freshly collected semen from an adult male. As a
result, the conceived animal delivered a live fawn after 6 months of pregnancy.
IGIB developed a system biology platform for tuberculosis research which offers a
comprehensive resource of annotations, drug information, host pathogen interaction
polymorphism gene expression and pathways. This platform is useful for researchers to
identify and assess drug targets and vaccine candidates.
IMTECH provided fresh insights into the mechanism of RNA interference and
heterochromatic silencing. They found that heterochromatin protein SWi6 acts
downstream Aaphase Promoting Complex (APC) in assembly of heterochromatin. It
was found that APC also participates in the RNA interference pathway.
CSIR’s contributions to the area of electronics engineering and instrumentations is
2 3
evident from CEERI’s design and fabrication of a triode type Magnetron Injection Gun
for a 200 Kw 42 GHz Gyrotron. CEERI has also developed a system which can locate
trapped miner. With this system it is easier for the management to keep track of each
and every miner wirelessly without interfering in their day to day operations. CEERI
designed and fabricated complete graphite electrodes multistage depressed collector
assembly using copper impregnated high density graphite and integrated with Ku-
band TWT prototype. CSIO has developed an Infra-red probe to measure the
temperature of snow surface without the need for physical contact with snow surface.
The system can operate round the clock in harsh weather in snow bound areas in
temperature range of -40o C to + 50o C with high relative humidity and wind speed of
the order of 200 km/hour. The laboratory has also developed process for titanium
nitride (TiN) coating on stainless steel ophthalmic surgical instruments using physical
vapour deposition technique. The deposition process has been standardized in terms
of coating thickness, film stoichiometry, hardness and adhesion. The coating provides
resistance to corrosion and is bio compatible. The coated instruments underwent large
number of autoclaving cycles during user trials at several hospitals.
In materials related research CSIR through AMPRI, CGCRI, NAL and NML has marked
significant progress. AMPRI developed a foldable and transportable twin house unit
having foldable side walls, foldable end walls and foldable roof panels. The twin house
weighs 40 kg and costs Rs. 40,000 and can easily be transported. It is made of sisal
fibre, industrial waste like red mud etc. It is very useful in disaster management
conditions to house disaster victims. The laboratory has also developed a rural
climatizer made of open cell aluminium foam. The pore size of aluminium foam vanes
is in range of 1-2 mm. An efficient cooling of the chamber is attained without using
electricity so that it can be used in rural sector most effectively. Typically the inside
temperature is reduced by 7 to 9o C with respect to the atmospheric temperature.
CGCRI developed porous silicon nitride diaphragm tubes useful for Fast Breeder
Reactors. It also achieved a process technology for coating of hydroxypatite on
metallic substrates by protein mediated biomimetic route.
NML placed a microgravity payload on board SRF-I satellite launched by ISRO. The
laboratory has also designed and fabricated a biomimetic reactor for an unmanned
space capsule. The nanoparticles synthesized under microgravity during journey to
space exhibited a great degree of morphological sophistication in terms of
nanoparticle size, shape and their ordered assembly leading to the formation of higher
order nanostructures akin to biological structures like tooth enamel.
The growth of peer reviewed research publications from CSIR for the last few years is
appreciable and at par with IITs and far ahead of IISc, TIFR, BARC and DRDO. This year
CSIR published 3858 research papers in SCI journals with average impact factor per
paper of 2.047. CSIR has shifted its philosophy in patent filing from random to selective
and accordingly filed 256 patents abroad and 207 in India whereas it has a portfolio of
1246 patents in India and 1770 patents abroad. CSIR has been granted 395 patents in
India and 331 patents abroad with 14 copyrights. CSIR supported around 7000
research fellows, 120 emeritus scientists and more than 800 extra mural research
proposals.
 1. Infrastructural Resources Number
RESOURCE • Laboratories/Institutes 37
750
728

BASE : 2007-08 • Outreach Centers 39 PATENTS 650 655

2. Human Resources (As on 1.1.2008)
FILING
• Total Staff 17391
550
570
Ü
Total S&T Staff 12254
Ø
Scientists (Group IV) 4452 500
490
Ø
Technical (Group III) 2830 450
Ø
Technical (Group II+I) 4972
407
Ü
Total Administrative & non-technical (including
421 406 418
isolated staff strength) 5137 350

3. Financial Resources Rs. Crore

256
• Government budgetary support 1861.21 250

Ø
Government plan allocation 1035.00
169 207
Ø
Government non-plan allocation 826.21
150

2002-03

2003-04

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08
2004-05
PAPERS
CONTRIBUTED & INDIAN ABROAD

AVERAGE
IMPACT FACTORS
2.10 4100
PERFORMANCE 1. Science Output
• Papers contributed
Numbers
2.05 2.01
2.05
3858

INDICATORS: Ø
Number 3858 (3488) 2.00
1.98

3488
3600
Ø
Average Impact Factor per paper 2.047 (1.983) 1.95
1.90
• Patents 1.90 3100
3018
Ø
Filed in India 207 (169)
1.85
Ø
Filed abroad 256 (655)
2668
1.80 2600
Ø
In force in India 1246 (1413)
Ø
In force abroad 1770 (1333) 1.75 2188 1.75
2012
2. National S&T Human Resource Development 1.70 2100
Ø
Research Fellows/Associates Supported 7022 (7009) 1.65
1.64
Ø
Emeritus Scientists in position 120 (116) 1.60 1600

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007
Ø
Pool Scientists (SRAs) in position 148 (157)
Ø
Research Schemes supported 829 (793) Av. IF/Paper No. of Papers

Figures in parenthesis corresponds to 2006-07

4 5
S & T CONTRIBUTIONS
 1.0. S & T CONTRIBUTIONS
1.1. Aerospace 1.1.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
CSIR's presence in the aerospace science and technology is primarily through its NAL,
Science & which, along with CEERI, CMERI and a few other laboratories, has contributed
Technology significantly to the growth of this sector of strategic importance. Some of the recent
important contributions are described below :

Multi-sensor data fusion

Fig. 1.1: Combat scenario generator
As an application of Level 1 data fusion to air defence, a seeker filter based on
Interacting Multiple Model Modified Extended Kalman Filter (IMM-MAEKF) has been
designed by NAL to track air breathing targets. The challenge was to design the filter
using RF seeker measurements, which are corrupted by non-Gaussian noise due to
RCS fluctuations and glint noise, and also suffer from data eclipsing problems. The
seeker filter was coded in C language for real time applications and integrated with the
interceptor simulation code for closed loop performance evaluation using Monte
Carlo simulations. The seeker filter exhibited robust performance under different
interceptor-target engagement geometries, target aspect ratios, levels of process noise
in the filter model and mode transition probability matrix.
As Level 2 data fusion development, a fuzzy-logic, Bayesian network-based hybrid
situation assessment model has also been developed to serve as a pilot decision
making aid for BVR (Beyond Visual Range) combat. Typical air-to-air combat scenarios
required for validation of the model were realized using GUI-based software. An
aircraft carrying Radar, Radar warning receiver, electro-optical sensor and infra red
sensor models was used to detect a maximum of six targets (T1-T6) based on their field
of view and received power. The states of all the targets in the scenario, at each instant
of time, were estimated using measured data from the sensors using multi-sensor multi-
target data fusion algorithms (Fig. 1.1). The estimated states processed by Fuzzy Event
Detector (FED) were used as inputs to the Bayesian network for situation assessment.

Varsha 2C GSM : weather prediction software

This model, developed at NAL, can be run at different spectral truncations as well as
physical grid resolutions. The physical parameterizations include the Kuo-Anthes
cumulus scheme and Alpert gravity wave drag parameterization. There are two
options for the long wave radiation computation: (i) the FelsSchwarzkoff scheme and
(ii) a new scheme devised for Varsha by TIFR, Bangalore. For the boundary layer the
options are: (i) the Monin-Obukhov scaling along with a gustiness parameter and (ii)
the above mentioned boundary layer scheme based on the scaling arguments. This
new boundary layer scheme is more appropriate for the tropics where the winds are
generally low.
The Varsha GCM has been used for both simulations as well as forecasts of monsoon
rainfall and other weather events. Simulations of the tracks of a number of tropical
cyclones have been quite accurate. One month predictions of all India rainfall during
the monsoon months is an initiative taken up at Flosolver and the results are being sent
to the Indian Meteorological Department. It is to be noted that the heavy rainfall events

6

Fig. 1.2: DWR mark II radome
Fig. 1.3: A view of metalized
CFRP reflectors
Fig. 1.4: Magnetic bearing (5-axes
levitation - fully airborne rotor)
7 8
over the S-W coast of India during the last two monsoon periods have been captured scheme. The feedback controller parameters have been selected appropriately to
well in advance by the model. generate required stiffness and damping in the AMBs for stable levitation of the rotor.
The rotor radial vibration in the bearing has been controlled within 150 microns,
Radome for the Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) wherein the bearing radial clearance is 1000 microns.
NAL has successfully designed and built the country's first state-of-the-art 12.88 m dia
DWR Mark-II radome (Fig. 1.2) and installed it around the 9 m dia DW Radar at BEL- 1.1.2. Human Resource Development
Bangalore site. NAL
The novelty of this radome is that it is built with 66 panels, the joints are randomized
• CSIR trainer's training programme on E-journals, WoS, patent databases: A two-day
and the panel sizes are larger as compared to those in the earlier Mark I radome, which
workshop on 'CSIR E-journals and databases trainer's training program' was held
had 146 symmetrical panels. This feature makes the radome electromagnetically more
during 12-13 July 2007. This event, the third in a continuing series for all CSIR
transparent and enhances the electromagnetic performance. Non-linear FEM analysis
laboratories at zonal level, was organized under the CSIR E-Journals consortia,
were carried out to establish factors of safety against buckling at wind speeds of 250
coordinated by NISCAIR. Scientists from CMMACS; CFTRI, NIIST and NAL
kmph (normal) and 300 kmph (gust); the panel thicknesses and flange thicknesses
participated.
adopted met the safety factors required. A totally new tooling system was exclusively
developed for large panel fabrication and the panels were fabricated using the room • Workshop organized on setting up of institutional repositories using Dspace: A
temperature vacuum bag moulding technique. workshop on 'Setting up Institutional Repositories using DSpace' was organized
from 6-10 September 2007 at ICAST Digital Laboratories. More than 25 participants
Design and development of metalized CFRP reflectors and feed from 16 CSIR laboratories participated in the workshop.
components for satellite communication applications • Workshop on state of the art transonic flutter prediction organized at NAL during 24
Metalized carbon fibre reflectors (CFRP) offer the same properties as the metallic December 2007 to 4 January 2008 : The Boeing Company, Seattle, USA, External
reflectors, and have the advantage of being light weight. This combination finds Advisor/ Consultant of the programme conducted the workshop.
application in satellites. NAL has developed the process and technology for CFRPs
(Fig. 1.3), which have the required accuracies. Metallic master patterns were fabricated 1.1.3. Recognition & Awards
and a multi-part mould was developed. The resin injection technology for this class of Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Aerospace Science
complex shaped isogrid structured components was established. The CFRP brackets and Technology are listed below:
developed were subjected to several qualification tests by Space Application Centre,
Ahmedabad and these fully met their requirements. Extensive metallization trials were
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
carried out on CFRP substrates of different complex reflectors, feed horns and wave
guides using innovative in-house techniques and samples. The internal metallization Elected as a corresponding member of Section Dr. A. R. Upadhya, NAL
of the corrugated feed horn was achieved by a novel electro-less deposition technique. 4 (Social Science) of the International Academy
of Astronautics.
The vibration tests on the antenna brackets and the reflectivity measurements, made on
aluminium coated CFRP components, were found to meet the specifications. Best Exhibitor Award in the category “Most Mr. C. V. Giriraj, Mr. M. Goliath,
Informative Display” at the International Dr. M. N. Sathyanaraya, NAL
Novel 5-axis levitation magnetic bearings Astronautical Congress (IAC) and Space
exhibition held during September 24-28,
Complete levitation of a rotor weighing 5 kg, supported on two radially active
2007 at Hyderabad.
magnetic bearings (AMB) and two axially passive magnetic bearings (PMB), resulting
in 5-axes levitation, has been demonstrated successfully at speeds up to 10000 rpm at Fellow of the Aeronautical Society of India. Dr. Sekhar Majumdar, NAL
NAL. A small rotor rig has been designed and fabricated for the purpose of Winners of ‘Indigenization of Aeronautical Dr. T. G. Ramesh, Dr. V. Shubha,
demonstration (Fig. 1.4). Most of the components of magnetic bearings such as the Equipment” Aeronautical Society of India Mr. Neelakanta Iyer, Mr. Sivakumar
analog feedback controller, electromagnetic actuators and power amplifiers have been Award for the year 2007. and Mr. T. R. Ramakrishnan, NAL
designed and developed indigenously. Commercially available proximity probes ISAMPE Award for "Design and Development (Late) Dr. R. Seshadri, Mr. A. Arul
were used to monitor the rotor movement, which is required for feedback control of Process for Ceramic Thermal Barrier Lining Paligan, Mr. A. M. Silvester, Mr. T.
action. The active magnetic bearings developed are working in the mode of attraction. and Shaped Casting of High Temperature Srinivasa Reddy and Mr. C. R.
A proportional and derivative type feedback controller has been employed to achieve Ceramics using Thermit Type Reactions under Mahesh Kumar, NAL
the Effect of Centrifugal Force" (June 2007).
stability. Design of the feedback controller is based on direct output feedback control

1.2. Biology &
Biotechnology
Fig. 1.5: Proposed model for chronic
pancreatitis in Indian population
9 10
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Dr. Shyam Chetty, NAL
Engineering and the “Distinguished Alumni
Award” of the National Institute of
Technology, Tiruchirappalli.
1.2.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
The area of Biology and Biotechnology is of immense importance for CSIR with more
than a dozen of its laboratories focusing on it and contributing through important
technologies that are being commercialized and publications in world's top journals.
Fig. 1.6: Model for the mechanism
These laboratories have created for themselves an R&D niche in the domain of basic
research as well. During the year, some very notable achievements were reported as
described below.
Genetic analysis of pancreatic disorders in the Indian population
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease with varied etiologies where pancreas is injured
by enzymes normally secreted by acinar cells.
CCMB sequenced the complete lysosomal hydrolase Cathepsin B (CTSB) gene in an
adequately powered cohort with a large number of well-characterized patients and
healthy controls and identified several variants spread across the gene. A signal peptide
variant, showed a statistically significant association with TCP with an OR of 2.15.
Similar results were obtained on analysis of this SNP in another ethnically matched
independent case-control cohort, which corroborated the earlier observations. On
investigating the interaction of mutations in SPINK1 gene, no differences in the
phenotype of pancreatitis or genotype with regard to presence or absence of N34S
SPINK1 mutation could be found for the Leu26Val mutation. Thus, the proposed
effects of Leu26Val in mutation of CTSB gene appear to be unrelated to changes in the
SPINK1 gene. Since Leu26Val affects the propeptide region of cathepsin B, crucial for
its transport, hence, it may affect CTSB trafficking since the mannose-6-phosphate
dependent sorting of CTSB may mislocalize it to the zymogen granules, causing
premature activation of trypsinogens.
This work provides the first human-based evidence for the 30-year-old cathepsin B
hypothesis of pancreatitis and suggests CTSB gene as the second candidate gene, after
SPINK1 gene, to be involved in the pathogenesis of TCP. Understanding the functional
basis of mutations in these genes may help in development of predictive tests for
susceptibility to chronic pancreatitis. The proposed model for chronic pancreatitis in
Indian population is shown in Fig. 1.5.
First report of trans-splicing between a Y chromosomal and an
autosomal transcript
The human Y heterochromatic block present at the distal end of the long arm has been
intractable for genetic and molecular analysis, as it is repeat rich. There was no
evidence available for transcription from this male-specific region of the Y (MSY).
of control of autosomal gene
CCMB scientists have presented for the first time, evidence for a developmental stage-
and testis-specific transcription from the MSY heterochromatic block. They isolated
two novel RNAs, which localized to Yq12 in multiple copies with testis-specific
expression and which lacked active X homologues. They observed that one of the
above Yq12 non-coding RNAs trans-spliced with CDC2L2 mRNA from chromosome
1p36.3 locus to generate a testis-specific chimeric sv13 isoform. This was the first
report of transcription from the Yq12 heterochromatic block and the first report of
trans-splicing between a Y chromosomal and an autosomal transcript. The Y
chromosome does not recombine with the rest of the genome and, hence, is
considered to be genetically isolated. This study published in (Genome Research
2007, 17: 433-440) also records for the first time Y chromosomal control of an
autosomal gene. The model for the mechanism of control of autosomal gene is shown
in Fig. 1.6.
Understanding evolutionary developmental biology across the species
Developmental mechanisms very often show remarkable conservation across the
species. Among the most conserved developmentally regulated genes are the
homeotic or hox genes that exist in clusters. While it has been known that organization
of the hox genes in the clusters is also conserved, the reason for this was unclear.
Chromatin elements that are essential for regulation of Drosophila hox cluster include
the cellular memory or Polycomb response elements (PREs). Such epigenetic
regulatory elements have not been reported from mammalian systems. By testing the
non-coding DNA from the HoxD complex of mouse, a functionally conserved
repressive element has been identified by scientists at CCMB. It was found that mouse
fragment interacts genetically with PcG and trxG mutations in transgenic context in
Drosophila. These genetic interactions were found to be direct ones and provide the
first demonstration of an evolutionarily conserved mammalian PRE. Further, genetic
interaction analysis indicates that while the core features of mouse PRE are conserved
in Drosophila, the mammalian element acquires further complexities. One such
feature is the interaction of mouse PRE with heterochromatin elements, which is not
seen in common fly PREs. The studies also indicate that unlike fly PREs, mouse
elements do not show pairing-sensitive silencing. It is interesting to note that while
homologous chromosomes are paired during interphase, this is not the case in mouse
in most cell types. These observations indicate that mammalian regulatory elements
have, on the one hand, lost features that are relevant only to flies and not to mammals,
and, on the other hand, evolved to acquire complexities that have led to the
remarkable diversity of body forms along the anterior-posterior body axis that is
determined by the hox genes. These studies open up ways to explore evolutionary
developmental biology across the species using functional and comparative genomic
approach with the help of Drosophila as a model system of choice.
Molecular biology of skeletal muscle growth and regeneration
CCMB's investigations into the molecular correlates of quiescence in a culture system
that models skeletal muscle stem cells have given some interesting results. Their
interest in the quiescent state is inspired by its potential importance in the survival and

Fig. 1.7: Rho effector mDiaphanous
(green) can block signal-induced nuclear
localization of -catenin (red). Nuclei are
marked by DAPI (blue).
Fig. 1.8: Newborn “Blacky”
with its mother
self-renewal of stem cells. In addition to soluble growth factors, adhesion-dependent was found that with these STRs it is possible to distinguish between even closely
signaling pathways regulate proliferation and differentiation. A key finding of this work related animals with 99% certainty. This part of the study was confirmed with captive
is the delineation of a new pathway downstream of the RhoA GTPase, a critical tigers before embarking on DNA analysis of samples collected from the forest.
regulator of adhesion-dependent signaling. While the role of the Rho effector
Field work was conducted at two locations in southern India, namely, Mudumalai
mDiaphanous (mDia) in regulating the cytoskeleton and cell motility is well
Wildlife Sanctuary and at BRT Sanctuary. Scat samples were collected randomly and
established, its involvement in controlling of gene expression is less well known. The
preserved in alcohol or desiccant silica. The CCMB scientists developed a DNA-based
results demonstrate that signals emanating from mDia co-regulate MyoD and the cell
method for identifying the scat samples of tigers from those of the other carnivores.
cycle via a complex pathway. Further it has been shown that MyoD is not only a direct
DNA was isolated from the scats that were collected from the study areas and the
target of the serum response factor SRF, whose transcriptional co-activator is regulated
samples were positively identified as tiger samples with the DNA-based assay
by actin dynamics, but also an indirect target of TCF whose co-activator, b-catenin, is
developed by CCMB (Fig. 1.9). Samples were then subjected to 'DNA fingerprinting'.
itself involved in cell adhesion and microfilament-membrane interactions. mDia acts
DNA-based sex identification of the samples was also done. The results of the DNA
as a nodal modulator of these two pathways, resulting in reciprocal regulation of SRF
profiling show that samples collected from forests could be assigned to individuals.
and TCF/LEF via reciprocal effects on the localization of their cytoplasmic co-
Following a random sampling method in the pilot study, an estimate of the Minimum
activators, MAL and b-catenin, respectively. Thus, an intriguing cytoskeletal
Number Alive (MNA) at the time of sampling could be arrived at.
dimension in the regulation of MyoD emerges from the study of cultured myoblasts. It
The results of this study indicate that it is indeed possible to conduct such surveys on a
is conceivable that MyoD regulation in quiescent satellite cells in muscle is also
triggered by mechano-chemical signals activated by damage to this contractile tissue. large scale and that it would be possible to estimate tiger population under appropriate
sampling designs in protected areas in India. This could, therefore, become the
Birth of deer (Blacky) by artificial Insemination method of choice for counting tigers in the future.
The black buck is a Schedule 1 animal and is thus in the category of endangered
species like the charismatic lion, tiger, leopard, etc., which necessitates its
conservation.
The technique of artificial insemination (AI), although routinely practiced in domestic
animals, has not been commonly applied to wild animals. Semen collection and
preservation along with AI technique can significantly contribute to the maintenance
of genetic diversity and conservation of endangered animals. In ungulates,
behavioural cues are not reliable indicators of estrus detection and, therefore, there
was a need to synchronize estrus in the ungulates using hormones. CCMB scientists
synchronized estrus in black buck by using an intra-muscular injection of estradiol
valerate with norgestomet and an ear-implant containing norgestomet. The estrus-
synchronized animals were then inseminated intra-vaginally using a cattle artificial
insemination device containing freshly collected semen from an adult male.
The conceived animal delivered a live fawn on August 23, 2007, after 6 months of Fig. 1.9:
Tiger census by DNA typing
pregnancy. The cuddly newborn antelope has been named as “Blacky” (Fig. 1.8). of scat samples

Counting tigers right

CCMB carried out a pilot study with fecal samples collected from two protected areas
to check the possibility of carrying out studies in tiger populations by non-invasive
genetic methods. The primary goal of the study was to identify individual tigers with
unique DNA fingerprints and to find whether these unique DNA fingerprints could be
used for identifying individuals in a protected area so that tiger population estimates
can be generated.
A unique STR region has been identified in tigers for identifying individuals and the
probability of obtaining similar fingerprints in closely related individuals calculated. It
A novel universal approach to species identification for forensic
application
Accurate identification of confiscated biological remains is an essential requirement of
wildlife forensics. Until recently, establishing identity of confiscated animal parts and
products was a great challenge to law enforcement agencies because none of the
methods known till date was efficient enough to reveal the identity of animal remains
beyond a reasonable doubt. CCMB scientists have devised a universal solution for this
problem by inventing a pair of novel primers mcb398 and mcb869 that can establish
the identity of unknown confiscated remains at family, genus and species level beyond

11 12

Fig. 1.10: Apomixis technology for
low-cost production of high
yielding hybrid seed
13
a reasonable doubt (Fig. 1.10). It has potential to revolutionize the whole arena of
wildlife identification and would be very helpful for law enforcement agencies and
wildlife curators to control the human violation of wildlife resources. Another
potential application of this technique may be in food fortification where there is a
need to establish the identity of edible meat sources.
For the first time, CCMB scientists have given an approach, which, without knowing
the history of a forensic sample, can establish whether the confiscated sample belongs
to a human or an animal, if animal is one among the 221 species included in the
analysis. Because of its universal nature, it can also be applied to the species, which
have not even been included in the CCMB analysis. None of the techniques known till
date has been able to do this. The patent of above technique had already been granted
in US, South Africa and China. Currently, the technique is being used for wildlife
forensics by LaCONES and more than 200 cases have been solved so far with its use.
Apomixis technologies for low-cost production of high-yielding hybrid seed
The development of technology for asexual seed production in food crops by a process
called apomixis would allow production of high-yielding hybrid seeds at greatly
reduced costs for the farmer. Apomixis is found naturally in some plant species, but not
in food crops; so, the development of apomixis technology in food crops requires
genetic engineering. A group of scientists at CCMB have demonstrated the engineering
of a major functional component of apomixes (Fig. 1.10). This finding, published in
'Nature', has very important implications for plant breeding and agriculture as the
development of apomixis technology can lead to large increases in yield of up to 20-
30% across many of the major food crops such as rice and maize. (Ref: Gamete
formation without meiosis in Arabidopsis (2008). Ravi, M., Marimuthu, M.P.A. and
Siddiqi, I. Nature, 451: 1121-1123, 2008).
Rosemary oil found useful against drug resistant bacteria
CIMAP has evaluated antimicrobial and drug-resistant modifying activity of the
essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis L against human pathogenic bacterial strains
using disc diffusion and micro broth dilution assay. The oil was found to be more active
against the gram positive human pathogenic bacteria compared to gram negative
bacteria used in this study. The present finding suggests that characterization and
isolation of the active compound(s) from the rosemary oil may be useful in the
treatment of bacterial infections, including drug resistant infections.
Synergism between extract of Phyllanthus amarus and silymarin for
liver protection
In search of the effective and standardized hepatoprotective combination therapy,
Silymarin and standardized extract of Phyllanthus amarus were evaluated by CIMAP
scientists against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Silymarin is a flavonoid
extracted from the milk thistle, Silybum marianum. It has been reported to prevent liver
injuries induced by various chemicals or toxins including ethanol. A standardized
extract from the milk thistle, Silybum marianum, contains as its main constituents the
flavonoids silybinin and silychristin. Phyllanthus amarus and related species contain
phyllanthins, hypophyllanthins and polyphenoles with antiviral properties. Eight
Fig. 1.11: SPR binding curves for
1 (black box), 2 (red box), 3 (green
box), and 4 (blue box) to telomeric
quadruplex and for 1 (black circle)
and 2 (red circle) to DNA hairpin in
10 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, 100 mM KCl
groups of rats were used to carry out combination studies. The animals of group A
served as normal and were given only vehicle. The animals of group B served as toxin
control and other groups of animals served as treated groups. The test materials were
found effective for hepatoprotection as evidenced by blood parameters (alanine amino
transferase, aspartate transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, total protein,
creatinine) and liver glycogen. The combination of Silymarin and Phyllanthus amarus
exhibited synergistic effect for hepatoprotection. Silymarin with ethanolic extract of P.
amarus showed better activity due to the higher concentration of phyllanthin in
ethanolic extract in comparison to aqueous extract of P. amarus as estimated by HPLC.
Anti-cancer and hepatoprotective agent from Withania somnifera and
biological evaluation of its ester derivatives
Detailed chemical investigation of Withania somnifera roots carried out by CIMAP
scientists resulted in the isolation and identification of a cytotoxic and
hepatoprotective agent, palmitic acid, which was converted to eight semi-synthetic
ester derivatives. t-Butyl palmitate and amyl palmitate were 4-6 times more active than
palmitic acid against adherent and suspension colon cancer cell lines. Interestingly,
palmitic acid and its ester derivatives also showed hepatoprotective activity, which is
being reported for the first time.
National quality referral laboratory for MAPs and herbal products
A new facility, National quality referral laboratory for MAPs and herbal products, has
been developed. It has immense importance in quality testing using chemical finger
printing methods and identifying our precious plant varieties as well as testing the
quality of herbal products from farmers, and small and medium scale industries. To
start with, CIMAP will offer quality assessment services on the following 7 medicinal
plants: Andrographis paniculata (Andrographolide), Artemisia annua (Artemisinin,
Artemisinic acid, Arteanuuin B), Aloe vera (Aloin), Brahmi (Bacoside A), Centella
asiatica (Asiaticoside), Silibum (Silymarin), and Withania somnifera (Withanolides)
Development of Indian genome variation database (IGVdB)
IGIB has developed an Indian Genome Variation Database. This houses SNP
frequency data in over 1000 genes from disease and drug response candidates in
population representing the entire genetic diversity of India. This variation data on
functional polymorphisms from disease and drug response candidates is being applied
in genotype-phenotype correlation studies and will lead to development of predictive,
predisposition and progressive markers.
Furan-based cyclic oligopeptides selectively target G-quadruplex
IGIB scientists have carried out a comparative analysis of the binding data of
oligopeptide ligands, developed from a novel furan amino acid, with G-quadruplex
and double-strand DNA (Fig. 1.11). The 24-membered cyclic oligopeptides are highly
selective for G-quadruplex structures and can be used as scaffold to target quadruplex
structures at the genomic level. These ligands have low cytotoxicity and are able to
efficiently exhibit the activity of telomerase, which makes them promising for
anticancer therapy.
14
 Genetic variants of human inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase, Type I
(INPP4A) useful for prediction and therapy of immunological disorders
IGIB-developed method relates to allelic variants of the human inositol polyphosphate
4-phosphatase (INPP4A) gene and splice variants of the coding sequence, which
encodes INPP4A enzyme known to be an important regulator of platelet activation;
and it provides primers and methods suitable for the detection of these allelic variants
for applications such as molecular diagnosis, prediction and prevention of an
individual's susceptibility to asthma and / or the genetic analysis of the INPP4A gene
in a population.
A method of preventing and/or treating asthma using
parabromophenacyl bromide (PBPB)
IGIB has developed a method of preventing and/or treating asthma in a subject; it
comprises a step of administering effective pharmacological amount of
parabromophenacyl bromide (PBPB) to the subject and a method of modulating levels
of biomolecules to achieve the same.
Biological neutralization of highly alkaline textile industrial
Fig. 1.12: Circular map of Jatropha
waste water
IGIB has developed a novel process of neutralizing textile industrial wastewater by a
bacterial strain isolated in India. The isolated bacterial strain is capable of bringing
down the pH of wastewater from 12.00 to 7.00 units within two hours. The
neutralization of alkaline textile industrial wastewater by such a biotechnological
process is highly effective and economical as compared to conventional neutralization
by chemical means. This biotechnological process may find wide commercial
application in textile industries discharging alkaline wastewater.
Enzyme-catalyzed in vitro modification and synthesis of nucleic acids
IGIB developed a simple, efficient and accelerated method for enzyme-catalyzed in
vitro modification and synthesis of nucleic acids using microwave irradiation. The
drastic reduction in the reaction time for the site specific cleavage, modification of
DNA and oligonucleotides, and synthesis of nucleic acids is the main advantage of the
new method. The reaction time is reduced to 5-70 seconds for restriction
endonuclease digestion, ligation, dephosphorylation, phosphorylation, reverse
transcription, in vitro DNA synthesis and in vitro RNA synthesis. Almost all the
enzymatic reactions used in molecular biology as well as in other fields can be done by
the invented procedure in an extraordinary short period, saving a lot of precious time
and thus making the procedure economical and versatile.
Discovery of novel proteins with insecticidal activities against target
insect pests
NBRI has identified three unique small neurotoxin peptides, viz., gigantoxin3 from sea
anemone, magi2 from spider and lqqit2 from scorpion effective on sodium channels
and toxic to crustaceans as potential toxins against sap-sucking insect pests. Synthetic
genes coding these small peptides have been designed and developed.
Likewise, the lab has carried out evaluation of -endotoxins and protease inhibitors for
toxicity to target pests, wherein with insect feeding assay base line susceptibility data of
Bt-Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins against target insect Helicoverpa armigera has been
15
chloroplast genome
developed. The plant proteases isolated from Capsicum annuum and bitter gourd have
been found to be potential inhibitors of H. armigera. The full-length genes of C.
annuum and bitter gourd coding the identified proteinase inhibitors have been cloned.
Sequencing chloroplast genome of Jatropha curcas
NBRI has reported the sequencing of the Jatropha chloroplast DNA (Fig. 1.12).
Pyrosequencing and subsequent assembly results show a total number of 335,359
reads with average read length of 250 bases. Of these, 121,320 reads were assembled
into 17,479 contigs constituting 4,147,184 bases. 597 contigs were large [>500
bases] constituting 617,515 bases, out of which 86.76% bases had phred score of 40
and above, while 13.24% had quality score less than 40. Average contig size of large
contigs was 1034 bases with the largest being 20,368 bases long. Phylogenetic study
revealed that Populus, which is the closest taxonomic relative of Jatropha, also comes
out to be its closest relative phylogenetically. Synteny studies revealed highly
conserved relative positions of the genes between Jatropha, Arabidopsis and Populus.
Annonations and gene prediction results revealed some 31 gaps in whole genome.
Primers were designed to fill up the 31 gaps and PCR performed with Jatropha
chloroplast DNA as the template to amplify the missing sequence.
Filtering of all the contigs having phred score more than 20 was done by BLAST
searching against the non-redundant nucleotide data base at NCBI. Only 31 contigs
constituting about 164 kb showed significant homology to any chloroplast genome.
Ordering and orientation of the contigs was done by aligning it to Arabidopsis
chloroplast genome. General structure of the genome complied with the general
structure of all the chloroplasts having large single copy and small single copy
separated by two large inverted repeats. About 120 genes commonly found in
chloroplast genome were annotated, out of which 85 were protein coding genes and
the rest 35 were structural genes.
Desiccation tolerance in Selaginella bryopteris
Resurrection plants like Selaginella bryopteris (L.) Bak, have the unique ability to
survive desiccation to the air-dry state. Another unique feature of S. bryopteris is the
ability of detached fronds to possess a similar level of desiccation tolerance as that of
whole plants. Detached fronds from fully hydrated S. bryopteris plants were subjected
to dehydration and rehydration by NBRI scientists (Fig. 1.13). The detached fronds in
hydrated state showed Fv/Fm (maximum quantum yield) values of around 0.8
indicating a fully functional photosynthetic system. After dehydration the plants
showed net respiration and drop in Fv/Fm values to 0.01. Both fluorescence and
photosynthesis, which were reduced during dehydration, were regained totally after
rehydration.
Selaginella bryopteris
1.13 Dehydration and rehydration of detached fronds of S. bryopteris
16
 The water relation parameters (relative water content, hydraulic conductance) also
showed a response similar to that of photosynthesis. Desiccation resulted in decreased
activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase; however, this
decreasing trend continued even after rehydration of Selaginella fronds. Two-
dimensional gel electrophoresis reproducibly detected 500 protein spots. Nine
protein spots showed significant changes in abundance. Eight of them were up-
regulated and one was down-regulated. Further analysis of these proteins is under
process. These preliminary results indicate that in Selaginella bryopteris plants,
photosynthetic machinery is somehow protected during desiccation and becomes
fully functional after rehydration.
New leads into the taxonomical study of plant taxa
A consolidated floristic account of bryophytes of Amarkantak and its adjoining areas
has been prepared for the first time by NBRI, which includes 61 species belonging to
39 genera distributed among 25 families. Another first is a moss, Fabronia secunda
transgenic Arabidopsis over-expressing
Mont, reported from Govind Ghat area of Valley of Flowers (Garhwal Himalayas,
Uttarakhand), which is a new addition to the bryoflora of western Himalayas. Two
mosses, viz., Barbula javanica Doz. and Anoectangium stracheyanum Mitt.
(Pottiaceae) have been identified as new to central Indian region, making new addition
to bryoflora.
Studies on lichens have led to the discovery of eight species new to science, namely,
Caloplaca awasthii Joshi, Y. and Upreti, Caloplaca. abuensis Joshi, Y. and Upreti,
Caloplaca. kashmirensis Joshi, Y. and Upreti, Caloplaca. subpoliotera Joshi, Y. and
Upreti, Caloplaca. subbassiae Joshi, Y. and Upreti, Chroodiscus himalayanus Nayaka
and Upreti, Caloplaca tropica Joshi, Y. and Upreti, Cladonia lutescens Ahti and Upreti
and thirteen species new to Indian lichen flora of India, namely, Caloplaca hueana de
Lesd., Caloplaca pollinii (A. Massal.) Jatta., Caloplaca squamosa (de Lesd) Zahlbr.,
Caloplaca chrysodecta (Vainio ex Rasanen) Dombr., Caloplaca cirrochroopsis Poelt
and Hinteregger, Caloplaca flavocitrina (Nyl.) H. Olivier, Caloplaca herbidella (Nyl.
ex Hue) H. Magn., Caloplaca , hlogina (Ach.) Flag., Caloplaca phloginopsis Poelt and
Hinteregger, Hemithecum peplophora (Wirth and Hale) Tewari and Upreti, Fissurina
subcontexta (Nyl. ) Nyl., Phaeographis intricans (Stirton) Staiger, Phaeographis
scalpturata (Ach.) Staiger
Improvement of salt tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis by over expressing
superoxide dismutase from Potentilla atrosanguinea
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide radical and hydrogen
peroxide is inevitable in plants experiencing stress. ROS cause colossal damage to the
plants leading to reduced growth and development. One of the approaches to improve
stress tolerance would be to mitigate the production of ROS through transgenic
technology. IHBT has cloned the gene of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the enzyme
responsible for dismutating superoxide radical, from (Potentilla astrosanguinea), a
Himalayan high altitude alpine plant. SOD was over-expressed in Arabidopsis and the
transgenic plants were analysed under varied level of stresses. Since salt sensitivity is
most evident in Arabidopsis, the transgenic plants overexpressing SOD were analysed
under salt stress (Fig. 1.14).
A significant difference was observed in the rate of germination of wild type and
transgenic Arabidopsis under salt stress. In the medium at 150 mM NaCl stress, the
germination of wild type was 25%, whereas the germination of transgenic lines was
17
Fig. 1.14: Effect of salt stress on the
performance of wild type (WT) and
superoxide dismutase
79%. At higher salt stress (200 mM NaCl), while there was no germination in wild type,
transgenic lines exhibited 20% germination. Further studies on early seedling
establishment revealed that at 50 mM NaCl stress, wild type showed retarded growth,
whereas transgenic seedlings grew luxuriantly. The differences were more
pronounced on 150 mM NaCl stress.
After three weeks of plant growth on salt stress, root length, number of leaves and
rosette areas were also measured as indicators of stress. Root length was more
pronounced in transgenics than that in wild type plants in all the tested salt stress
conditions. Also, the rosette area of transgenic plants was more in salt stress conditions
compared to that in unstressed conditions. The results evidently suggest that
manipulation of ROS could provide an effective strategy to improve tolerance to salt
stress in plants and the same may be applied to other plants of interest and other
stresses of concern.
Metabolic engineering for catechins biosynthesis in tea
Tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] leaves are the major source of catechins in
human nutrition, the most prominent flavonoid compounds that are responsible for
imparting characteristic astringency and bitterness to black tea. Catechins constitute
around 25-30% in younger leaves of tea on dry weight basis. Catechins are gaining
popularity, because in animal systems these have implications in preventing several
diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative and other oxidative stress-related diseases
including cardiovascular diseases.
Catechins are known to be synthesized through flavonoid pathway in tea (Fig. 1.15A &
1.15B), for which no molecular information was available till IHBT deciphered the
molecular regulation of its biosynthesis. Catechin biosyntheis in tea was essential for
three main reasons: (1) compared to the other plants systems such as maize, petunia
and arabidopsis, tea uses these pathways primarily for the synthesis of catechins apart
from synthesizing anthocyanins and the other flavonoids; (2) unlike other plants, tea is
an accumulator of catechins; and (3) for metabolic engineering of catechins, one must
have the data on regulatory genes.
Fig. 1.15A: Flavonoid biosynthetic Fig. 1.15B: Expression analysis of all the
pathway of anthocyanins and catechin genes of the pathway in tea. Cs before each
gene represents Camellia sinensis
18
 IHBT achieved first ever cloning of all the genes of the pathway leading to catechins
biosynthesis. In general, genes of the pathway exhibited down-regulation in older leaf
(Fig. 1.15B), during winter dormancy, drought stress and in response to abscisic acid
and GA3, while up-regulation was observed in wounded tissue. Estimation of
catechins suggested a positive correlation between gene expression and catechins
content. While 4-coumaryl CoA ligase was the first gene to be affected under various
treatments, chalcone synthase and anthocyanidin reductase were the least affected.
These studies suggested that the expression of catechin biosynthesis genes is under the
regulation of developmental stages and environmental stresses. These studies have
opened path for metabolic engineering of catechin biosynthesis through the
availability of genes and through identification of rate limiting genes.
Production of CMV-free Lisianthus for mass multiplication
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum; family Gentianaceae) is an important upcoming
crop of the world. It originated from Central and North America and is grown both as a
cut flower, border garden plant and as a pot plant. Recently, it has been introduced in
India as a new flower crop and is propagated through seed and tissue culture
techniques. The crop is susceptible to infection by several viruses. The most common
virus is Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) which induces severe mosaic and distortion on
leaves, stunting, colour break and malformation of flowers. Lisianthus plants were
found showing symptoms characteristics of CMV infection. IHBT has standardized a
protocol for CMV eradication through meristem tip culture and good quality virus-free
planting material (Fig. 1.16) can be provided to farmers.
Fig. 1.17: Influences of WSR on nuclear
changes in HL-60 cells observed under
Fig. 1.16:
CMV tested lisianthus cvs:
blue and white in flowering stage
A demonstration unit for producing bamboo charcoal
Two kilns, made of bricks and mud, were constructed to demonstrate production of
bamboo charcoal at IHBT. This has generated a lot of interest among the farmers and
foresters because of its novelty and prospects of value addition to a bioresource, which
remains unutilized or fetches very low price. More so in case of forests of Himachal
where bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus) clumps are suffering from congestion,
because these could not be harvested. The forest department is rejuvenating the old
plantations and the harvested culms can be used for charcoal making. This will also
save the Oak trees in the forests from annihilation and provide an alternative to the
farmers in the low lying areas where bamboo resources are not utilized properly.
19
International recognition to IHBT-Herbarium
The herbarium of IHBT has been duly recognized and is now listed in the “Index
Herbariorum”, which is a directory of public herbaria of the world, a joint venture of
International Association of Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) and New York Botanical Garden
(NYBG).
Withania somnifera formulation as chemo-immuno-therapeutic
Based on an elite variety of W. somnifera, developed at IIIM a standardized
formulation using both leaf and root extracts has been developed containing
withaferin-A and withanolide-A in equal proportions. Withaferin exhibited anticancer
activity, while withanolide up-regulated Th1 immunity. Cancer patients are deficient
in Th1-immunity, while cancer cells evade apoptosis. The formulation (WSF)
holistically targets these deficient compartments of the disease (Fig. 1.17). It has been
found to be highly cytotoxic in a panel of human cancer cell lines, caused cell death
through induction of apoptosis. The apoptotic cell death was mediated by activation of
signaling pathways for which detailed molecular mechanism has been established. It
was found highly safe in chronic toxicity when given at doses of 2000 mg/kg b. wt for
six months. The formulation effectively impaired Ehrlich Ascites tumor and Sarcoma-
180 tumor in mice.
The formulation also up-regulated Th1-immunity in tumor bearing mice and
tuberculosis infected mice housed in experimental BSL-3 laboratory. It increased T cell
proliferation, increased the secretion of Th1 cytokines and increased the expression of
co-stimulatory molecules CD40 and CD40L, besides activation of macrophages in
tumor bearing mice. The formulation is suggested to be a potent therapeutic agent in
fluorescence microscopy
several debilitating diseases like cancer, tuberculosis and HIV. Currently, it is being
positioned as anti-cancer immunotherapeutic agent.
A novel pentacyclic triterpenediol (TPD) from gum resin of Boswellia
serrata with anti-cancer activity:
Based on the folkloric knowledge, IIIM isolated a novel pentacyclic
triterpenediol (TPD) from gum resin of Boswellia serrata, which exists in nature as
an isomeric mixture of 3, 24-dihydroxyurs-12-ene and 3, and 24-dihydroxyolean
-12-ene (Fig. 1.18).
Fig. 1.18: Triterpenediol( TPD)
TPD induces oxidative stress in human leukemia HL-60 cells, which leads to the
activation of the TNF family proteins (TNF-R1, DR4), thereby leading to caspase-8
activation and induces apoptosis through extrinsic pathway. Secondly, TPD causes
disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, renders Bcl-2 cleavage, Bax
20
 translocation, decrease in Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and release of AIF, Smac/DIABLO and
cytochrome c from the mitochondria. These events are accompanied by down-
regulation of survivin and activation of caspases -3, 8, -9, which cleave the ICAD and
PARP and finally induce apoptosis through intrinsic pathway. It was found to impair
tumor growth in mouse tumor models and did not affect the normal cells. It is now
being positioned for clinical trials as an antitumor agent.
Essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus as a promising anti-cancer agent
For the first time, IIIM has discovered the apoptotic potential of an essential oil isolated
from the lemon grass Cymbopogon flexuosus and its usefulness in the development of
anticancer therapeutic leads. This plant is an East Indian perennial herb belonging to
the family Poaceae and used in various food and aroma industry products. The
Cymbopogon flexuosus oil (CFO) has isointermedeol (25%) as its main constituent.
Cymbopogon flexuosus oil (CFO) and isointermedeol induce apoptosis in human
leukemia HL-60, utilize a wide range of molecular targets that include both apical
receptors and mitochondrial dependent pathways. Both induced concentration-
dependent strong and early apoptosis through an early surge of ROS formation with
concurrent loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in HL-60 cells. Both CFO and
ISO activated apical death receptors TNFR1, DR4 and caspase-8 activity.
Simultaneously, both increased the expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c protein
with its concomitant release to cytosol leading to caspase-9 activation, suggesting
thereby the involvement of both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis.
Further, Bax translocation and decrease in nuclear NF-kB expression predict multi-
target effects of the CFO and ISO. It impaired effectively the tumor growth in tumor
bearing mice. Abundant availability of Cymbopogon flexuosus oil with extensive use
in aromatherapy, perfumery, neutraceutical products coupled with its suggested
mechanism of cytotoxicity makes it a promising candidate to be developed as
anticancer therapeutic.
Development of carbohydrate-based green methodologies
Carbohydrates are useful chiral synthons in natural product synthesis. They contain an
abundance of hydroxy groups and it is often necessary to react only one (or some) of
these groups at a time. Thus, orthogonal protecting group strategy plays a vital role in
the chemical synthesis of biologically active oligosaccharides. IIIM has developed a
molecular iodine-catalyzed novel orthogonal protection strategy for the preparation of
peracetylated ethylidene acetals or isopropylidene ketals under mild and
stoichiometric conditions. The major advantages of this new strategy are: (a). The
outcome of the reaction can be controlled by variation in temperature. At lower
temperatures, acetonide acetate and at higher temperature, peracetate are obtained as
major products. (b) The sugar building blocks are obtained by this method in a single
step, while in the conventional method it is a multi-step process. (c) It does not require
or generate any strong acid resulting in a nearly neutral reaction medium, free from
unwanted byproducts. (d) Use of stoichiometric amounts of reagents makes it
environment friendly.
21
1.2.2. Human Resource Development
(i) CCMB
• Summer Training:
CCMB conducts Summer Training Programme for M.Sc. students every year
in the month of May-June. During the year, about 70 M.Sc. students were
chosen on a national basis for hands-on research training. They spent about 8-
10 weeks working as trainees in various laboratories with a stipend and free
accommodation. On successful completion of their course, they were
awarded certificates.
• Innovative approach to training by collaboration
During the year, 50 MSc students have carried out their 6 months Project work in
the area of human genome diversity in tribal populations. Students from VBS
Poorvanchal University, Allahabad Agricultural Institute, JJ College of Arts &
Science, Barkatullah University, Banasthali Vidyapeeth, Jubilee Mission
Medical College, Sathyabhama Institute of Science & Technology, Vellore
Institute of Technology, Sardar Patel University, and Kongu Arts & Science
College collected blood samples from tribal population of the respective places
and carried out the project at CCMB as part of their training. The blood samples
became the property of CCMB and the results were published jointly. By this
programme, CCMB could collect numerous blood samples of diverse
population, which otherwise would have been almost impossible.
(ii) CDRI
Training programmes:
• Around 13 personnel, sponsored by industry and academia were trained in
Medicinal & Process Chemistry, Toxicology, Pharmaceutics, Parasitology, SAIF,
Molecular & Structural Biology, Microbiology and Laboratory Animals divisions
of the Institute;
• 15 students from Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, were
provided six months training on monthly stipend;
• 4 students were provided two months training under the cooperation with Indian
Academy of Science, Bangalore; and
• 275 students from various universities of India were provided training in various
areas of biomedical research.
(iii) CIMAP
• CIMAP Summer School (CSS-2007) on "Molecular Techniques in Bioprospection
and Biodiversity Analysis" during June 15th - July 30th, 2007.
• 14 participants representing 11 different universities/ organizations from nine
states of the country successfully completed the six weeks training. The
participants were M.Sc., M.Tech. students from the fields of Botany, Biochemistry,
Microbiology, Biotechnology, Genetics, Chemistry and Bioinfromatics.
22
 • CIMAP Winter School (CWS-2007) on "Recent Techniques in Structural and
Functional Genomics" during 1st -10th December, 2007.
• 29 participants attended the school.
• CIMAP Training School on Advance Instrumentation and Analytical Techniques
for Natural Products (AIAT-2007)- 3rd -16th September, 2007.
Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Jiwaji University, Gwalior etc.
• More than 80 Students from various Universities/Institutes were enrolled
for summer training/project training to make them aware of the modern
techniques used in biotechnology and towards partial fulfillment of their
degree course.

• 8 participants from different organizations participated in the course. All (v) IHBT
instruments ranging from Gas Chromatograph GC, GC-MS, HPLC, HPTLC, LC- • A three-day “International Workshop on Germplasm Resource Collection,
MS/MS, NMR, ICP used in the analysis of the natural products were covered in the Utilization and Research and Development of Indian Bamboos” was organized
course and latest techniques associated with them were imparted to the during April 18-20, 2007. Twenty nine participants attended the programme.
participants.
• A one-day Demonstration-cum-training programme on “Cultivation Technology
• CIMAP Summer Training (CST-2007) on Techniques and Tools of Biotechnology for Marigold Flower Production” was organized on February 12, 2008. Fifteen
and Bioinformatics for Graduate and Master Students-11th June-10th July, 2007. participants attended the programme.
• Twenty five trainees from 11 districts of four Indian states participated in the • A three-day training programme on “Propagation, Cultivation and Value Addition
training. of Herbal Plants” was organized during February 20-22, 2008. Thirty participants
• CIMAP Winter Training (CWT-2008) on “Techniques and Tools of Biotechnology participated in the programme.
and Bioinformatics for Graduate and Master Students” - 20th January-20th
(vi) IIIM
February, 2008.
More than 250 engineering / post-graduate students from Indian Universities & Colleges
• Twenty four students from different universities and several states of India participated in
were trained in the field of Biotechnology, Tissue culture, Medicinal Chemistry,
the course for undergraduate Biotechnology and Bioinformatics students.
Pharmacology and Molecular biology for a period varying from one to six months.
• 100 day CIMAP Certificate Course on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (100 d CCC)
during 22nd February to 4th June, 2007. 1.2.3. Recognition & Awards
• For developing entrepreneurship / self employment or making career in the fields related Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Biology &
to medicinal and aromatic plants. Thirteen participants including seven women from Biotechnology are listed below:
various organizations/places of the country participated in the programme.
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
• Entrepreneurial training on essential oil processing technologies (EOPT2007)
Ranbaxy Research Award for the year 2006 in Dr. Amitabha Chattopadhyay,
during 14th – 23 May, 2007
the field of “Medical Sciences – Basic Research” CCMB
An entrepreneurial training on essential oil processing technologies (EOPT2007) was 8th Dharma Vira Oration Award by Sir Dr. Lalji Singh, CCMB
organized during 14-23 May 2007. The programme was attended by 13 participants Gangaram Hospital, New Delhi
from Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh etc. CITD Vigyan Vibhushan Quality Achievement Dr. M.W. Pandit, CCMB
(iv) IGIB Award-2006
Member, Guha Research Conference Dr. Purnima Bhargava, CCMB
• Ph.D. Course work of duration six months Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences,
Institute runs an innovative multidisciplinary course work for Ph.D. students India, Allahabad, 2007
in the area of integrative biology. The course work provides young researchers Scopus Young Scientist Award for meritorious Dr. B. Ramesh, CCMB
an opportunity to understand biological system in a different but integrative contributions in the field of Biological Sciences
prospective and it is hoped that this inspires the students to find gaps in their Fellow of AP Academy of Sciences Dr. Ramesh V. Sonti, CCMB
understanding and may become part of the future discoveries. AOHUPO/KSMS Young Scientist Award for Dr. Setty K.S. Rakesh, CCMB
• Special drive for attracting young minds: outstanding achievements in the field of
proteomics research during The Human Proteome
• Scientists are providing training and guidance to students of ACBR, Delhi Organisation (HUPO), 6th Annual World
University under the M.Sc.-Ph.D. integrated course in biomedical Congress held at COEX Center, Seoul, Korea
sciences and several other universities including Pune University, Guru Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences Dr. Yogendra Sharma, CCMB

23 24
 Award/Recognition Awardee(s) depositing the required metal on the molten magnesium, which is kept as cathode.
Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences Dr. Imran Siddiqi, CCMB This process avoids the preparation of pure reactive metals like lithium etc.
Fellow of the National Academy of Science Dr. Vinod Bhakuni, CDRI The molten salt containing the reactive metal ions Li + was taken as the electrolyte. The
Ramanna Fellowship Award, 2007, Department Dr. Atul Goel, CDRI eutectic composition of LiCl-KCl plus 30 wt% Calcium chloride to increase the density
of Science and Technology of the melt. The molten magnesium metal was made as cathode in a suitable manner
Designated National Repository (DNR) by Institutional recognition, CIMAP and graphite was used as anode. The composition, current density and the density of
National Biodiversity Authority (NBA). the bath were optimized for preferential deposition of the lithium metal. 150 A
capacity cell was operated continuously for a few days. A few kilograms of Mg-Li alloy
Fellow of Royal Entomological Society, London. Dr. Dwijendra Singh, CIMAP
containing about 50 wt% of Li metal was collected and kept in kerosene (Fig. 1.19). For
Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, Dr. R.S. Sangwan, CIMAP Fig. 1.19 Mg- Li alloy pieces this laboratory scale cell better than 65% current efficiency was obtained.
Allahabad kept in kerosene
Fellow of the National Academy of Agriculture Dr. D.D. Patra, CIMAP Surface modification of carbon nanotubes
Sciences, New Delhi
Surface modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through covalent functionalization
Platinum Jubilee Award of the Indian Science
Congress Association, Kolkata is vital for the development of high-performance composite materials, chemosensors,
nanoelectronics, photovoltaic devices, as well as for a range of biomedical
The Jagadish Chandra Bose Medal (2007),
applications. The reaction of benzocyclobutene with CNTs was carries out by NCL
Indian National Science Academy
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centenary Award for Prof. S.K. Brahmachari, IGIB scientists. A controlled functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes through
Excellence in Biomedical Research (2005) Diels–Alder [4+2] cycloaddition of various substituted benzocyclobutenes was
H. K. Firodia Award 2007 for pioneering studied and the extent of control over the functionalization, in bulk and in solution at
the Indian functional genomics initiative, different temperatures was investigated. The extent of functionalization can be
H.K. Firodia Memorial Foundation controlled by using the appropriate temperature and mode of addition of the reagent
ACCTI Young Scientist Award at XXIst Dr. Debaraj Mukherjee, IIIM and by controlling the reaction duration. The use of polymer containing pendant
Carbohydrate International Conference benzocyclobutene produces cross-linked organic nanoclusters covalently connected
organized at Delhi University to the surface of the MWNTs.
J.C. Bose Fellowship Dr. Rakesh Tuli, NBRI
Science Councilor Award – 2007 by Indian
Synthesis and evaluation of combretastatin A-4 analogues as novel
Society of Health, Environment, Education anticancer agents
& Research
Combretastatin A-4, a natural product isolated from the bark of Combretum caffrum is
highly cytotoxic against a variety of human cancer cells including multidrug resistant
1.3.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.3. Chemical cancer cell lines. The molecule binds at or near colchicine binding site and inhibits
tubulin polymerization ultimately leading to cell death. It displays selective toxicity
CSIR is known globally for its core strength in the areas of chemistry and chemical
Sciences engineering. Over the years, its domain-specific laboratories such as National toward tumor vasculature by inhibiting the blood supply to the tumor leading to cell
Chemical Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology and others have not death.
only published results of many seminal basic research studies, but have also developed A new series of 2, 3-diaryl-4/5-hydroxy-cyclopent-2-en-1-one analogues replacing the
a large number of processes and products for industrial use. During the year under cis double bond of combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) by 4/5-hydroxy cyclopentenone
report, the same trend has continued and some of the important developments are moieties was designed and synthesized by NCL scientists. The analogues displayed
reported below. potent cytotoxic activity (IC50 < 1 µg/ml) against a battery of human cancer cell lines
and endothelial cells. The most potent analogues A and B belonging to the 5-hydroxy
Electrolytic process for the production of Mg-Li alloy cyclopentenone class were further evaluated for their mechanism of action. Both of the
Weight reduction is one of the ways to improve the fuel efficiency of all type of analogues led to cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in endothelial
vehicles. Space vehicles use this technique to maximize its dead load. Magnesium and cells. Antitubulin property of B was superior to A and comparable to CA-4. The
its alloys play a major role in this sector. Lithium addition further decrease the density compound B had better aqueous solubility, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetic
of Magnesium and some of the rare earth metals are also added in minor quantities to profile than CA-4 and also demonstrated significant tumor regression in the human
improve its mechanical strength. Currently, these alloys are produced by melting the colon xenograft model. The data suggests that cis-restricted analogues of CA-4 are a
pure metals in required amount under protected atmosphere. This is a difficult and a new class of molecules that have the potential to be developed as novel agents for the
costlier process. CECRI scientists found that the same alloys can be obtained by treatment of cancer.

25 26
 Synthesis of multifunctional nanoparticles of copper-aluminum oxide nm, are not stable for practical applications and, hence, protecting them against
aggregation using certain special type of polymers and organic molecules like long
Many conducting oxides of zinc, tin, titanium, etc. serve as active base materials for the
chain amines, thiols and carboxylic acid is crucial for many of their applications.
newly emerging oxide electronics in addition to their applications in key frontier areas
Sometimes a single molecule thick layer(monolayer) of organic molecules is enough to
such as photocatalysis. However, all these are basically n-type systems (charge carriers
impart sufficient long term stability and such monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) of
are electrons). For many junction devices, energy conversion systems as well as
gold, silver, CdS, CdSe, etc., have found significance in the design of new molecular
catalysis applications p-type materials (charge carriers are holes) are also required.
electronic devices. For example, many of them possess an uncanny ability to show
Cuprous oxide and copper-aluminum oxide are such materials. Making of
discrete one electron transfer when subjected to a potential difference at room
nanoparticles of copper-aluminum oxide is hard to achieve at low temperatures due to
temperature, a phenomenon known as Coulomb Blockade, which is very promising
incompatible chemical behaviors of copper and aluminum and high temperature
for the next generation electronic devices.
synthesis yields particles of large size.
NCL has developed a method to synthesize monodispersed rhodium (Rh)
NCL scientists attempted the synthesis of nanoparticles at 50o C by treating combined
nanoparticles in a size domain of ~5 nm which exhibit variable oxidation states in
solutions of nitrates of copper and aluminum with novel alkalotolerant and
electrochemical measurements. Here, limiting currents are controlled by diffusion of
thermophilic fungus, Humicola sp. It was found that a ternary phase of the system
smaller nanoparticles towards electrode surface resulting in a series of evenly spaced
(β-CuAlO2) gets formed in the form of nearly monodispersed 4-5 nm nanoparticles. It
redox peaks at room temperature. Rh nanoclusters can be viewed as mixedvalent
was also found that these nanoparticles exhibit blue luminescence (very important
ensembles of clusters with an intermediate state, where single electron process can be
property for displays and bio-labeling) and also get heated up by radiofrequency
considered as diffusion controlled. The unprecedented behavior of such nanoclusters
absorption due to their conductivity (important for hyperthermia treatment).
has the potential to lead to the fabrication of novel single electron transistor devices.
Spider silk template in the assembly of gold nanoparticles Ultrahigh molecular weight styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer
Spider silk is a natural polymer made up of repeating amino acid motifs that are prepared by UV irradiation
composed of fibroin proteins (Mr ~ 200000–300000), which are a combination of the
protein spidroin 1 and spidroin 2 and primarily contain 42% glycine and 25% alanine NEIST has developed a novel method for the manufacture of ultrahigh molecular
as the major amino acids. Spider silk has attracted the interest of the scientific weight styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer (Fig. 1.20) by UV irradiation,
community mainly due to its unusual mechanical properties, higher resilience and without the use of any photoinitiator. The alternating copolymer has molecular weight
tensile character, and elasticity. in the range of 2.30×106 to 2.70×106. The copolymer shows a single phase transition
corresponding to the Tg ranging from 145.0 to 166.4oC. Ultrahigh molecular weight
NCL showed that spider silk is an excellent scaffold for the one-step synthesis and SMA copolymers are useful in high temperature-resistant engineering plastics and also
assembly of gold nanoparticles. Formation of a gold nanoparticle–spider-silk as prophylactic in fertility control.
bioconjugate material is accomplished by simple reaction of the fibers with aqueous
chloroauric acid. The gold nanoparticles thus formed are strongly bound to the spider-
silk fiber surface enabling study of the electrical properties of the nanobioconjugate.
Using the well-known contraction/ expansion behavior of the fibers in solvents of
varying polarity. It was shown that exposure of the gold nanoparticle–spider silk
bioconjugate to vapors of methanol and chloroform leads to changes in electrical
transport through the nanoparticles and thus, the possibility of developing a vapor
sensor. The bioconjugate showed excellent response time and cycling efficiency to Fig. 1.20: Styrene-maleic anhydride
methanol vapors. The activation energy of electron transport from one gold (SMA) copolymer
nanoparticle to another in the nanobiocojugate was determined from temperature- Industrially important organic compounds from renewable resources
dependent electron-transport measurements to be approximately 1.7 eV. Thus the
NEIST has carried out a comparative study on delignification of rice straw using
nanogold-spider silk bioconjugate can be viewed as a promising candidate for the
hydrogen peroxide and a Trichoderma sp. For that purpose, pre-treated rice straw was
development of materials for vapor-sensing applications.
delignified using hydrogen peroxide to obtain of cellulose. To reduce the amount of
Single electron transfer behavior of nanosized rhodium particles peroxide, a combination of Trichoderma sp. and peroxide was used. First the straw was
partly delignified by the fungus to obtain a light brown coloured powder and fibre. The
Ultra-small metallic and semi-conducting materials have great utility when their
powder so obtained was further delignified by hydrogen peroxide to obtain light
dimensions are few nanometers since their fundamental properties can be controlled
biscuit coloured cellulose, which was then treated with a bleaching powder solution to
by both size and shape. However, most of these nano-materials with sizes less than 10
obtain colourless cellulose. It was observed that Trichoderma sp. produced cellulose

27 28
 in powder form and its use reduced the requirement of hydrogen peroxide for
delignification by about 30%.
Gainful utilization of North Eastern high sulphur coals
The North Eastern region (NER) of India has substantial deposits of high sulphur (2-8%)
coals with low ash and high volatile matter contents. Assam, one of the coal producing
states of the region, has coal deposits with 75-90% of organic sulphur functionalities
affixed to the coal structure, which are difficult to remove. NEIST has reported
desulphurization of oxidized Assam coals by solvent extraction and alkali treatment
separately. Two coal samples were selected to represent two categories: one with high
organic sulphur and low ash (Baragolai) and the other with low organic sulphur and
high ash (Ledo) coals of the region. The desulphurization routes comprise oxidation of
two coal samples of various size fractions in an oxidative medium followed by solvent
extraction and alkali treatment separately. Oxidation of Baragolai and Ledo coals
removes up to about 84% of inorganic and 28% and 18.5% of organic sulphur,
respectively. After DMF extraction, desulphurisation increases up to 95% and 93% for
inorganic sulphur and 31 and 23% organic sulphur of the oxidized Baragolai and Ledo
coals respectively, while the alkali treatment shows complete removal of inorganic
and a maximum of 33% and 26.4% organic sulphur for these coals, respectively.
During oxidation, solvent extraction and alkali treatments, ash removal for both the
coals is observed. Desulphurisation is found to increase with decrease in particle size.
Decrease in atomic S/C ratio of oxidized samples shows the effectiveness of the
process. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy studies show formation of
sulphones and sulphoxides (S=O) during oxidation and their removal by solvent
extraction and alkali treatment.
Particle boards from non-conventional plant materials of NE region
NEIST has fabricated medium density particle boards from certain fibre yielding plants
such as Alpinia allughas, Hibiscus escculentus, Hibiscus sabderiffa and Cannabis
sativa using UF (urea-formaldehyde) and PF (phenol-formaldehyde) as binding
materials. The optimum procedure for the preparation of boards was found by varying
the parameters temperature, resin content, time and pressure. Some boards were also
prepared from the mixture of coir fibre and the above mentioned plant fibres taken in
different proportions under different conditions.
Nanostructures of Cu2O (nanothreads, Nanowires and nanocubes)
NEERI has synthesized cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanostructures by anodic oxidation of
copper through a simple electrolysis process employing plain water (with ionic
conductivity 6 S/m) as an electrolyte. No special electrolytes, chemicals and
surfactants are needed. The method is based on anodization pursuant to the simple
electrolysis of water at different voltages. Platinum was taken as cathode and copper as
anode. The applied voltage varied from 2 to10V. The optimum anodization time of
about 1 h was employed for each case. Two different types of Cu2O nanostructures
have been found. One type was delaminated from copper anode and collected from
the bottom of the electrochemical cell and the other was located on the copper anode
itself. The nanostructures collected from the bottom of the cell are either nanothreads
29
embodying beads of different lengths and diameter (10-40 nm), or nanowires (length
600-1000 nm and diameter 10-25 nm). Those present on the copper anode were
nanoblocks with a preponderance of nanocubes (nanocube edge 400 nm). The copper
electrode served as a sacrificial anode for the synthesis of different nanostructures. A
tentative mechanism for the formation of Cu2O nanostructures has been suggested.
Eubacterial diversity of activated biomass from a common effluent
treatment plant
A common effluent treatment plant (CETP) is a biological wastewater treatment facility
that receives wastewater from different industries. The activated biomass in the CETP
survives on a wide range of chemicals with no fixed wastewater characteristics. NEERI
has carried out a diversity analysis of this activated biomass using culture as well as
culture-independent techniques. Using culture-based techniques, strains belonging to
26 different genera from the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were
isolated. The gamma-proteobacteria was the best represented class being 36.5% of the
isolates. Bacterial diversity was also analyzed culture-independently by means of
sequence determination of cloned 16S rRNA genes. Twenty-one different genera from
the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes were
identified. The activated biomass comprised members of five known phyla,
represented by 37 genera, with the Proteobacteria constituting the most abundant
phylum detected. However, a very large fraction of the diversity represented a hitherto
unidentified bacterial population. More than half (50.2%) of the 16S rDNA clones
represented unidentified non-culturable bacteria, underlining the vast un-tapped
diversity of CETP communities. Our results also indicate that both culture-based and
culture-independent techniques should be combined to cover the microbial diversity
of complex ecosystems.
Use of waste plastics and copper slag in building low-cost bituminous roads
A laboratory study on the use of waste plastics and copper slag (CS) in hot bituminous
mixes to enhance pavement performance, protect environment and to reduce the cost
of road construction has been completed. Waste plastic modified bitumen (WPMB)
has been prepared by adding plastic waste (5% by weight of bitumen) in shredded form
with suitable cross-linking agents to 80/100 bitumen and blending for 1 hour at 160°C.
Physical properties of WPMB were found to be within the specified limits (as per IS:
15462-2004). Constituent materials such as Delhi quartzite aggregates, stone dust and
lime along with the varying concentration of CS (as aggregate filler) were taken for
preparation of Marshall specimens using 60/70 and 80/100 paving bitumen and WPMB.
Optimum binder content was achieved at 5.2% (by wt of mix) in all the three binders
used. Marshall specimens were also prepared with different proportions of copper slag
(10, 15 and 20%) and used; the specimen with 15% CS was found to be the best.
Emulsion based cold-mix technology for structural layers and wearing
courses in different climates
For the first time in India, CRRI has developed a cold-mix technology for use in
structural layers and wearing courses of flexible pavement such as bituminous
Macadam (BM), mix seal surfacing (MSS) and semi-dense bituminous concrete
30

Fig. 1.21A: View of construction with
environment friendly emulsion based
cold mix technology on Jammu-Srinagar
road (NH-1A) in snow bound
Fig. 1.21B: View of construction with
environment friendly emulsion based
cold mix technology in Aizwal city in
Mizoram in high rainfall areas
31
(SDBC), in desert, high rainfall and snow-bound areas (Fig. 1.21A & 1.21B).
Design guidelines to optimize the quantity of binder for use in construction of various
wearing courses such as mix seal surfacing (MSS), premix carpet (PMC) and two-coat
surface dressing (TCSD), with bitumen emulsion, are presently not available in India.
These have now been developed through field trials and performance monitoring of
different wearing courses, viz., MSS, PMC and TSCD.
The tentative specifications of BM, MSS and SDBC have already been prepared as
national documents and subsequently submitted to the Indian Roads Congress in July,
2007 for their finalization. The new technology will offer several benefits to the
society, as listed below:
• Construction of binder course and wearing course (BM, MSS and SDBC), using
bitumen emulsion, feasible in all weather, including wet condition.
• Environment friendly and energy efficient technology due to elimination of heating
process for road construction.
• Up to 10 % economy in binder usage.
• Satisfactory performance of roads with emulsion even after 5 years of service.
• Reduction of crack propagation to overlay when emulsion is used.
• The cost of road construction with emulsion is about 10-15% cheaper than that with
the hot mixes.
Methodology for emergency repair of airfield pavements
Emergency repair of airfields is required to be carried out in very short time and at
utmost priority. CRRI has developed a cost effective scheme for emergency repair of
bomb craters during war time using stabilized granular sub-base/base layers followed
by a wearing course with cold mixes using cationic bitumen emulsion. Preliminary
field trials based on the laboratory studies have been carried out at two air bases, one
near Delhi and another in Rajasthan.
Asymmetric epoxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons catalyzed by
novel ruthenium complexes
The synthetic value of enantiopure epoxides is well established and substantial
research on the synthetic methods for their production has been carried out. Although
many chiral ligands are known today and used comprehensively for asymmetric
catalytic reactions, there is still an increasing demand for new and improved ligands
which can afford the following advantages: (i) it should be possible to prepare the
ligand conveniently from the commercially available starting materials, and (ii) the
catalysts prepared from the ligand should be highly selective, efficient and productive.
In this context, a new class of ruthenium catalyst complexes containing tridentate
chiral Schiff-base ligands (TDL) have been synthesized by condensing D-glucose
amine with 3,5-ditertiarybutyl salicylaldehyde (or 2-pyridylcarboxaldehyde) and
characterized at CMERI. Development of the TDL chiral ligands, derived from
carbohydrates that are naturally occurring enantiomerically pure compounds (“chiral
pool”), is of immense significance. This new family of chiral catalytic system runs
Fig. 1.22: Schematic of the barrier-layer
formation process
under mild conditions. Since carbohydrates are naturally occurring enantiomeric pure
compounds, TDL ligands are of significance with regard to chirality of catalyst
complexes. The chiral ligands could be prepared in one step from commercially
available starting materials. The efficacy of the present ruthenium catalytic system in
terms of product yield is much better as compared to the moderate epoxide yield
reported in literature for styrene epoxidation employing ruthenium catalyst complexes
that contain Schiff base type ligands. The notable feature of this work is the remarkably
high enantioselectivity (up to 94% of ee for 4-chlorostyreneoxide) observed in the
epoxidation of alkenes with t-BuOOH.
Since, catalytic application of metal complexes containing sugar based ligands is rare,
the results of the present studies would stimulate research in design and development
of more sugar-based ligands and their corresponding metal complexes for catalytic
application in various asymmetric syntheses. Further, the results of the catalytic and
mechanistic studies carried out under this project would be of high predictive values to
advance the chemistry of this important subject area. Analogous complexes of Mn and
Cr also exhibited encouraging results.
1.3.2. Human Resource Development
CECRI
CECRI offers a variety of course to scientific and technical personnel employed in
industries, government and academic institutions. These moderately prices courses
are designed to impart the necessary knowledge and skills and are conducted by
talented and highly competent scientist with help of skilled auxiliary / technical staff.
Participants are given ample opportunities to have hands-on-experience.
• During the year 10 Industry Oriented Technology Courses on 'Corrosion Science
and Engineering (3 modules)', Batteries (1 module), Industrial Metal Finishing &
Electroplating (6 modules)
• Regular Refresher Courses on 'Electroplating of copper, nickel, chromium and
Precious Metals', 'Trouble shooting in Electroplating and metal finishing', and
'Lead, Zinc, Cadmium and Tin Plating'.
IICT
• Institute has been identified as Mentor for newly constituted National Institute for
Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad.
NCL
Laboratory has organized several conferences and seminars during the year.
Significant ones include:
• CSIR– SFC Joint Workshop on “Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology: Bridging
bonds for 21st Century" organized during 11-13 April 2007;
• SERC school on 'Medicine learning and pattern Evolution methods in Chemo and
Bioinformatics' organized during 26-29 June 2007
• Indo - US Workshop on 'Ecological Forecasting' held during 27 - 29 Aug. 2007.
• Indo-Brazil Workshop on 'Molecular Materials including Nano-Materials'
organized during 4-6 Oct. 2007.
32
 • An Indo-Swedish International conference on 'Biotechnology for sustainable Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
development' during 7-9 Jan. 2008. Fellow of Indian Academy of Neuroscience Dr B G Unni, NEIST
(FIANSc)
NIIST
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Dr Ajaya Ghosh, NIIST
• Seven students from different Indian universities completed their MSc dissertation Chemistry, 2008
work (3-6 months). MRSI Medal by Material Research Society
of India for 2007
Two graduate students from the Universite Blaise Pascal, France completed their Ramanna Fellowship by Department of
project work (four months) in the area of Biological Engineering Science and Technology 2007
Visiting Professor and Honorary Doctorate Dr Ashok Pandey, NIIST
1.3.3. Recognition & Awards Degree, Universite Blaise Pascal, France
Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Chemical Sciences & 2007 CSIR Young Scientist Award in Dr. Souvik Maiti, IGIB
Chemical Sciences
Technology are listed below:

1.4. Earth Resource 1.4.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements

Award/Recognition
Best Electroplater award “Sampath Award-
2007”, Electrochemical society of India,
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
INSA-DFG Exchange Fellowship
NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee
Award for Application Oriented Innovations
in Physical Sciences for the year 2007
CSIR Young Scientist Award – 2007
INSA Young Scientist Award 2007.
Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences,
Bangalore
Fellow of IIChE, Kolkata
Andhra Pradesh Scientist Award-2008
AP Academy of Science-Honorary
Fellows-2006
J.C. Bose National Fellowship
CSIR Award for S&T Innovations for Rural
Development (CAIRD-2007)
The National Academy of Sciences
Fellow of the Maharashtra Academy of Sciences Dr P. A. Joy, NCL
Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences,
Bangalore.
Fellow of Indian Phytopathological Society
Life Time Education Achievement Award 2006
by Health and Education Development
Association (HEDA), New Delhi
Awardee(s)
Dr M.Jayachandran, CECRI
Dr V. Yegnaraman, CECRI
Dr. G.V.M Sharma, IICT
Dr S Sridhar, IICT
Dr Subhash Ghosh, IICT
Arabinda Choudary, IICT
Dr JS Yadav, IICT
Dr S Chandrasekhar, IICT
Drs M Vairamani, V Kale, R
Srinivas, V J Rao, P V Srinivas,
and B Sridhar, IICT
Dr B.D. Kulkarni, NCL
Dr Vidya Gupta, Ms Varsha
Pardeshi and Dr Mohini Sainani,
NCL
Dr Pradeep Kumar, NCL
Dr K. Vijayamohanan, NCL
Dr P Baruah, NEIST
Dr S C Nath, NEIST
This is an area of unique strength for CSIR. Two of its laboratories, namely, National
& Natural Hazards Geophysical Research Institute and National Institute of Oceanography have been
Assessment consistently contributing by way of high impact basic science and applications-
oriented science for a number of years and are globally recognized for their
contributions. The important contributions during the year are listed below:
Estimates of inter-seismic deformation in northeastern India from GPS
measurements
In this study carried out by CMMACS, estimates of inter-seismic deformation in
northeastern India were made based on GPS measurements at eight permanent
stations (2003-2006) and six campaign sites (1997-2006). The Euler pole of rotation of
Indian plate in ITRF 2000 determined from the present dataset is located at 51.7 ± 0.5º
N, -15.1 ± 1.5 º E with angular velocity of 0.469 ± 0.01 º Myr-1. The results show that
there is no present day active deformation over the Shillong plateau, and the
deformation between the plateau and the adjoining sites on the foreland spur, north of
the plateau in the Brahmaputra valley, is statistically insignificant. Convergence rate of
the northeastern GPS sites with respect to the IGS station Lhasa along baselines that are
normal to the Himalayan arc in this region is 16 ± 0.5 mm/yr. This represents the arc-
normal Indo-Eurasian convergence rate across the north- eastern boundary, similar to
arc-normal convergence rates determined in central Nepal along the Himalayan arc.
GPS sites in Arunachal Himalaya indicate that 16 mm/yr shortening occurs both in the
Lesser as well as Higher and Tethyan Himalayas. Baselines between sites on the Indo-
Burmese Fold and Thrust Belt (IBFTB) and Shillong plateau indicate variations in the
shortening rate from 1.5 mm/yr on the Tripura-Mizoram salient (TRS) south of the
plateau, to 6 mm/yr in the Imphal Recess (IR) to the east and 8 mm/yr in Naga salient
(NS) to the northeast. This suggests that the deformation in the IBFTB is segmented into
N-S blocks along E-W transverse zones exhibiting dextral slip between NS-IR and
sinistral slip between IR and TRS. Baselines between the IBFTB sites also show 10 ±
0.6 mm/yr convergence, pointing to the existence of a transverse zone between Aizawl
and Imphal.

33 34
 Geophysical characteristics of the Ninetyeast Ridge-Andaman island
arc/trench convergent zone
NIO has examined the convergence tectonics of the Ninetyeast Ridge (NER), upon the
Andaman island arc-trench system through an analysis of ETOPO2 bathymetry,
satellite-derived free air gravity and seismic data. Oblique subduction and the
buoyancy forces arising from subduction of the NER render the subduction processes
near the Andaman arc highly complex. The bathymetric expression of the NER is
visible up to Lat. 10N, but seismic reflection data indicate that it extends up to about
Lat. 17 N. The gravity anomalies are strongly positive over the exposed segment of the
ridge, but are subdued over the buried portion and there is a prominent break in the
continuity of the trench gravity low, where the NER seems to impinge upon the island
arc. Further, a strong curvilinear belt of negative anomalies just behind and running
parallel to the island arc, associated with the forearc basin, is a dominant feature of the
gravity map. An offset in the continuity of this strong negative anomaly occurs at about
the same latitude where the NER seems to be converging upon the island arc. Seismic
reflection data indicate that the NER is very close to the trench. Flexural modeling of
the gravity anomalies for the subducting Indian Ocean lithosphere, loaded by
sediments and the NER, indicates that the NER is at the starting phase of its collision
with the island arc and may not have started affecting the subduction process itself. It is
inferred that the en-echelon block structure of the NER in the proximity of the
convergent zone is a consequence of complex strike-slip and subduction-related
tectonic forces.
A simple multiple regression model for long range forecasting of
Indian summer monsoon rainfall
In a study reported by NIO, the relationship between the Indian Ocean Sea-Surface
Temperature Anomalies (SSTA) and the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) for
the period 1983-2006 has been examined. High and positive correlation is noticed
between ISMR and SSTA over southeastern Arabian Sea (AS) in the preceding January.
Significant and positive correlation is also observed with the SSTA over northwest of
Australia in the preceding February. The combined SSTA index (AS+NWA) showed a
very high correlation of 0.71 with the ISMR. The correlation between East Asia sea-
level pressure and ISMR is found to be 0.62. The multiple correlation using the above
two parameters is 0.85, which explains 72% variance in ISMR. Using the above two
parameters, a linear multiple regression model has been developed to predict ISMR.
The results are comparable with those obtained from the power regression and
ensemble models of the Indian Meteorological Department. The rainfall during 2002
and 2004 could be predicted accurately from the present model.
Modeling the barrier-layer formation in the southeastern Arabian Sea
The effect of salinity on the formation of the barrier layer (BL) in the southeastern
Arabian Sea (SEAS) was investigated by NIO using an ocean general circulation model
(Fig. 1.22). In agreement with previous studies, the runoff distribution and the India-Sri
Lanka passage have a strong impact on the realism of the salinity simulated in the area
at seasonal time scales. The model simulates a BL pattern in fairly good agreement with
35
available observations. Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches show that the BL is
formed by two complementary processes: the arrival of low-salinity surface waters that
are cooled en route to the SEAS, and down-welling of waters, mostly local to the SEAS
in the subsurface layers. The surface waters are partly of Bay of Bengal origin and partly
from the SEAS, but are cooled east and south of Sri Lanka in the model. That the down-
welled subsurface waters are warm and are not cooled leads to temperature inversions
in the BL. The main forcing for this appears to be remotely forced planetary waves.
Simulated seasonal and inter-annual variability of the mixed layer heat
budget in the northern Indian Ocean
Continuing with the studies on ocean heating and its subsequent effect on seasons,
NIO used a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM) to investigate the mixed
layer heat budget of the northern Indian Ocean. The model has been validated against
observations and shows fairly good agreement with mixed layer depth data in the
northern Indian Ocean. The NIO separated its study into three sub basins: the western
Arabian Sea (AS), the eastern AS, and the Bay of Bengal (BoB). This study reveals strong
differences between the western and eastern AS heat budget, while the latter basin has
similarities with the BoB. The penetration of solar heat flux needs to be taken into
account for two reasons. First, an average of 28 Wm-2 is lost beneath the mixed layer
over the year. Second, the penetration of solar heat flux tends to reduce the effect of
solar heat flux on the SST seasonal cycle in the AS, because the seasons of strongest flux
are also seasons with a thin mixed layer. This enhances the control of SST seasonal
variability by latent heat flux. The impact of salinity on SST variability has been
demonstrated. Salinity stratification plays a clear role in maintaining a high winter SST
in the BoB and eastern AS, while not doing so in the western AS. The presence of
freshwater near the surface allows heat storage below the surface layer that can later be
recovered by entrainment warming during winter cooling (with a winter contribution
of + 2.10 C in the BoB). On an inter-annual time scale, the eastern AS and BoB are
strongly controlled by the winds through the latent heat flux anomalies. In the western
AS, vertical processes, as well as horizontal advection, contribute significantly to SST
inter-annual variability, and the wind is not the only factor controlling the heat flux
forcing.
Trajectory of an oil spill off Goa, eastern Arabian Sea: field
observations and simulations
An oil spill occurred off Goa, west coast of India, on 23 March 2005 due to collision of
two vessels. In general, fair weather with weak winds prevails along the west coast of
India during March, which assists the spill to move slowly and reach the coast.
However, in 2005 when this event occurred, relatively stronger winds prevailed, and
these winds forced the spill to move away from the coast. The spill trajectory was
dominated by winds rather than currents. NIO used the MIKE21 Spill Analysis model
to simulate the spill trajectory. The observed spill trajectory and the slick area were in
agreement with the model simulations. This study illustrated the importance of having
pre-validated trajectories of spill scenarios for selecting eco-sensitive regions for
preparedness and planning suitable response strategies whenever spill episodes occur.
36
 Relict benthic foraminifera in surface sediments off central east coast
of India as an indicator of sea level changes
In an interesting study, NIO has attempted to reconstruct sea level variations along the
central east coast of India during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. A total of 39
surface sediment samples were collected from the water depth range of 27-2,777 m,
which were studied for foraminiferal content. The samples from the depth range of 36-
110 m showed the presence of relict foraminiferal tests along with recent foraminifers.
The relict foraminiferal assemblages of Amphistegina, Operculina, Calcarina and
Alveolinella in the selected surface samples are characteristic of coral reef
environment and have been inferred as evidence for past low sea levels. Based on
extrapolation of previously published radiocarbon dates from the region, a pliable sea
level curve for the period between approx. 9,000 and approx. 14,000 years BP has
been proposed.
Occurrence of gas hydrates along the continental margins of India,
particularly the Krishna-Godavari offshore basin
The presence of gas hydrates along the Indian continental margins has been inferred
mainly from the bottom simulating reflection/reflector (BSR) and the gas hydrate
stability zone thickness map of India. NIO has carried out multidisciplinary
investigations in the Krishna-Godavari offshore area along the eastern continental
margin of India, which is known for its hydrocarbon potential. Processed multibeam
data provided a high-resolution seafloor mosaic with a fine scale geo morphology.
Deep tow digital side scan sonar, multi frequency chirp sonar and 3.5 kHz sub-bottom
profiler records depict various kinds of gas escape features over the regions where
BSRs are prominent. Geochemical analyses of the 5 m-long cores showed a general
“decrease” trend in the porewater sulphate concentration, while the gas chemistry
revealed an “increase” trend of methane concentration with core depth. Total organic
carbon varied from 0.6 to greater than 2.0% and CaCO3 from 5.0 to greater than 29%.
These observed geophysical, geochemical and microbial proxies suggested the likely
presence of gas hydrates in the Krishna-Godavari offshore area. Recent drilling work
carried out confirmed the presence of massive (greater than 80 m thick) accumulation
of gas hydrates, and fully developed gas hydrate system in the Mahanadi offshore area
and the Andaman Sea.
The rapid drift of the Indian tectonic plate
NGRI has developed a seismic technique “the S-wave receiver function” and used it to
estimate, with unprecedented accuracy, the lithospheric thickness of several
continents - India, Africa, Antarctica and Australia, which were all part of
Gondwanaland. It was found that the cratons in South Africa, Antarctica and Australia
are more than 180 km thick, whereas Indian lithosphere is only about 100 km thick,
even though the crust is the oldest (Archaean) in age and that the most likely time for
India to have lost its continental roots was when a large upwelling of especially hot
rock- a mantle plume- hit Gondwanaland during or immediately after its break up,
leading to a much faster drift of Indian plate at the rate 18-20 cm/year.
37
The study has appeared in one of the world's topmost journals, Nature, and provides a
new dimension to the classical plate tectonics theory. Strong evidence is provided to
indicate how the plate thickness correlates with the speed of plate motion. For the first
time, an explanation has been provided for the fast drift of the Indian plate in the initial
period after the Gondwanaland break up.
Deep electrical crustal structure in Antarctica
Applying a new Geophysical tool, “Marine Magnetotellurics (MMT)” technique, in the
Gulf of Kutch region of Gujarat in coordination with the Scripps Institute of
Oceanography (USA), NGRI has carried out wide band Magnetotelluric (MT)
investigation to map the deep electrical structure and compare the co-seismic activity
around the Schimacher Oasis, Antarctica with other regions across the globe. ADU 06
system was deployed for data acquisition of continuous magnetic and telluric signals
during December 2006 to February 2007. Three stations have been occupied around
Schirmacher oasis close to Sankalp and Mardid hill. The station Sankalp is located on
continental shelf ice area and the other two stations are located on land near Mardid
hill. Continuous MT data has been collected for about one month at Sankalp and two
months at Mardid Hill.
Fractals of Geophysics
Modern concepts of fractals and chaos theory have been applied to examine
earthquake time series for understanding the nature of earthquake dynamics and,
hence, to characterize the model behaviour. An NGRI study has mainly focused on
examining the impact of foreshocks and aftershocks on the nature of the earthquake
dynamics with the help of modern nonlinear forecasting approach. The monthly
frequency earthquake datasets obtained from one of the most seismo-tectonically
crucial regions of northeast India, bounded by latitude 20-280N and longitude 88-
980E, were used in the study. These datasets spanned a time period of 1920-1988.
Results indicate that earthquake data free from aftershocks and foreshocks show better
predictive behaviour than the original data (i.e., data combined with aftershocks and
foreshocks), thus revealing a significant effect of foreshocks and aftershocks on the
model characterization of earthquake dynamics.
The Bengkulu earthquake of 12th September 2007 of magnitude 8.4 Ms estimated by
the NGRI observatory was studied immediately for its Tsunami wave generation and
propagation within 1 hour after the earthquake. The modeling results showed that the
directivity of the Tsunami was towards the open ocean in the southwest direction and
that India would be safe from the Tsunami. This result was obtained 2 ½ hr before the
predicted arrival time at Chennai and the findings were discussed with the media even
before the Tsunami warning for the Indian region was withdrawn.
Another study was done for understanding the great earthquakes, which are known to
nucleate at mid-crustal level beneath Main Control Thrust (MCT) zone and rupture the
Himalayan decolement to appear at mountain front at Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT).
Some paleoseismic studies in the HFT zone have recorded the signatures of the same.
Trenching experiments have been carried out across the geomorphic expression of a
38
 fault scarp in HFT zone and the features associated with the surface rupture have been
documented.
The wavelet analysis of bathymetry of western offshore has also been carried out. The
profile covers Western Basin, Laxmi ridge, Laxmi Basin, Panikkar Ridge, continental
slope and continental shelf. The spectral analysis of data has been done to correlate the
origin of different regions. The fractal dimension shows that spectral behaviour of crust
of Laxmi Basin is similar to that of continental shelf and slope, which indicates the
nature of crust of Laxmi Basin as continental.
1.4.2. Human Resource Development
NIO
• Summer training/dissertation of 272 Indian students completed.
1.4.3. Awards & Recognition
In the area of Earth Sciences following scientists have received awards.
1.5.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.5. ECOLOGY &
This is an area of research having immense societal and commercial implications;
ENVIRONMENT some of the CSIR laboratories have reported work of noticeable significance in this
area, as described below:
Microbial removal of phosphorus from LD slag
Linz-Donawitz (LD) slag contains lime, which varies from 40 to 50%. Due to the
presence of calcium in higher quantity, it can be used as a flux in blast furnace provided
the phosphorus content is reduced to <0.5. This also increases the cost efficiency of
the steel plant. Hence, removal of phosphorus from LD slag was carried out at IMMT
with the help of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms - Pseudomonas aeroginosa,
Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus sphericus, Bacillus polymyxa and an unidentified
bacterium isolated from soil.
Chemical analysis of representative samples received from a steel plant showed the
presence of 1.73% P2O5. Experiments were carried out under different conditions
with varying pulp densities of LD slag, size fraction and microorganisms.

Award/Recognition
Lorenz award Lecture of American
Geophysical Union
FAPCCI Award by Chamber of Commerce,
A.P., 2007
MRSI Medal by the Material Research
Society of India, 2007
AP Scientist Award by the Government of
Andhra Pradesh, 2007
National Mineral Awards (2006) (individually
to each one)
Krishnan Gold Medal by the Indian
Geophysical Union, 2007
Decennial Award by the Indian
Geophysical Union, 2007
Decennial Award by the Indian
Geophysical Union, 2007
Elected as a member of Russian Academy
of National Science, Moscow
Executive Committee of International
Association of Geomagnetism and
Aeronomy (IAGA)
University of Queensland Research
Scholarship
Awardee(s)
Dr. V.P. Dimri, NGRI
Dr. G. Parthasarthy, NGRI
Dr. Shakeel Ahmed,
Dr. T.R.K. Chetty,
Dr. Anil Kumar,
Dr. H.V. Ram Babu,
Dr. R.K. Tiwari, NGRI
Dr. Laxmidhar Behera, NGRI
Dr. B. Rajendra Prasad, NGRI
Dr. H.V. Ram Babu, NGRI
Dr. T. Harinarayana, NGRI
Shri S Jaya Kumar, NIO
IMMT scaled up experiments at 1 ton scale, which showed up to 40% phosphorus
removal using Bacillus polymyxa. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to
observe the phase distribution of calcium, silica, phosphorus, manganese, ferrous and
aluminium in the original and biologically treated LD slag samples. Micrographs
showed the presence of calcium, silica and phosphorus in the same zone. Phosphorus
was present in the calcium silicate matrix. In case of biologically treated samples,
concentration of phosphorus in the calcium silicate matrix was less when compared to
that in untreated LD slag. Based on these findings, a 5 ton biobeneficiation plant has
been set up by IMMT in association with Visakhapattanam Steel Plant (Fig. 1.23).
Fig. 1.23: Five ton heap leaching plant
jointly set up by IMMT and VSP for
microbial phosphorus removal from
LD slag at Visakhapattanam Steel Plant
Microbial process for recovery of nickel and cobalt from chromite
overburden of Sukinda mines
Chromite overburden samples from five sites of Kaliapani Mines, Sukinda were studied
by IMMT to estimate percentage of nickel. A representative sample from this bulk was
subjected to size classification in original condition as well as after thermal treatment at
600oC. It was observed that massive goethite phase containing Ni changed to spongy
hematite after thermal treatment.
A sample containing 1±0.1 % nickel and 0.032-0.045% cobalt was selected for
further study. A laboratory stock culture of a mesophilic acidophilic consortium
(predominantly Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) was used in the microbial recovery
experiment. Shake flask/column leaching experiments were carried out under
different conditions such as variation of pulp density and ferrous sulphate

39 40

Fig. 1.24 &1.25: One ton capacity
column for bacteria leaching of nickel
from chromite are overburden
Fig. 1.26: Ten ton bioleaching plant
for nickel ore at IMMT
Fig. 1.27:
An experimental remediation technology
design for wetland management
41
concentration. The leach liquor containing nickel was subjected to precipitation
followed by solvent extraction to get nickel hydroxide. About 60-65% nickel and 62-
71% cobalt were extracted in the shake flask experiments at 10% pulp density with
10g/L ferrous in 45 days. Time, temperature and pH had maximum influence on
extraction of nickel and cobalt. Pulp density and inoculum size and ferrous sulphate
had no direct effect on nickel extraction. About 72% nickel and 69% cobalt was
extracted from extended 1kg scale column experiments under similar conditions.
1 ton and 10 ton capacity facilities have been created in the lab (Figs 1.24 and 1.25).
Currently, chromite overburden leach liquor bearing 2.25 gpl Fe, 2.17 gpl Ni, 1.57 gpl
Mn, 0.36 gpl Co, 0.13 gpl Zn, 0.34 gpl Cr and 2.37 gpl Al is being treated where almost
quantitative removal of Fe, Al and Cr has been achieved with CaCO3 treatment. This
solution will undergo solvent extraction for separation of zinc, manganese and cobalt
from the solution to get pure Ni bearing solution, which will be concentrated by
solvent extraction and sent for electro-winning of Ni.
Remediation technology package for sustainable management of
wetland ecosystems
An experimental design, using FRP tanks, to develop technological packages for
management of wetland has been worked out by IMMT (Fig. 1.27). To start with, the
effluents discharged into the IMMT sewerage were analyzed. Anaerobic and aerobic
bacterial cultures from nearby natural wetlands were isolated and purified for
experimental use. Potential hydrophytes, especially Salvinia cucullata and Ichhornea
crassipes were collected and grown in the FRP tanks and their absorption rates monitored.
Use of constructed wetlands will provide real economic benefits by conserving water
for industrial and agricultural use and reducing toxic contamination of the
environment.
Agro technology for Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) cultivation
On the basis of multi-year evaluations, a promising strain of Jatropha with respect to
seed output as well as oil percentage has been identified by IMMT and christened as
ORISSA-2. Pruning was carried out during winter season when leaf shedding took
place and 12-15 branches were obtained from each plant. Un-pruned trees exhibited
8-9 branches/tree. Extensive germination experiments indicated that maximum
germination percentage can be obtained by soaking the seeds in cow dung slurry (1 kg
dung in 5 lit well water). Age of unknown seeds can easily be determined using this
strategy. Germinations greater than 90%, 60%, 40%, or 30% mean that the seeds are
respectively, 1, 2, 3, or 4 year old. This is also confirmed by tetrazolium biochemical
method (0.1% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride-dehydrogenase-
triphenylformazone). A new multi-location trial was carried out involving high
yielding genotypes collected from 17 states.
Clean bioprocess for quality fibre production & energy recovery
Traditional extraction method of plant fibres, especially the coir fibre and jute is being
continued even today in spite of its serious adverse impact on environment and quality
of products. After many decades of research for a clean bioprocess, NIIST has
developed an environment and labour friendly process for the extraction of plant
fibres, which enables faster production of better quality fibres. The technology
demonstration of coir fibre extraction was done at 0.5 ton level with concomitant
generation of 500 M3 of methane rich biogas per ton of fibre. Commercialization of
this new technology can eliminate the water pollution and methane emission from the
traditional extraction. The pilot demonstration has been
Effective utilization of byproduct phosphogypsum
About 4.5-5 tonnes of byproduct phosphogypsum (BPG) are generated from
phosphoric acid manufacturing unit of a phosphoric fertilizer plant. The waste poses a
major disposal problem. Studies have been conducted to utilize BPG as a raw
material for manufacture of value added products. Byproduct phosphogypsum is
basically calcium sulphate associated with 2 molecules of water. NEERI has
developed wallboard from BPG, which is fire and heat resistant. Bagasse has been
used as a reinforcing material. The wallboard has proved successful in jolting test
and its compressive strength conforms to the Indian standards. There being a
demand of ammonium sulphate as a fertilizer, studies have also been conducted to
convert BPG to ammonium sulphate. Principles of Merseberg process have been
applied in preparation of ammonium sulphate from BPG. Nitrogen content in
ammonium sulphate was within the range of 20-21%, which conforms to the
fertilizer control order.
Defluoridation of industrial wastewater using new adsorbent media
NEERI has developed bioceramic based composite adsorbent media for defluoridation
of wastewater. The bioceramic based composite adsorbent media show excellent
defluoridation properties as compared to activated alumina. The newly developed
42

Fig. 1.28: Comparison of defluoridation
of industrial wastewater using activated
alumina and bioceramic based adsorbent
media (initial concentration of fluoride
in wastewater=47mg/L;
contact time= 24 hr)
43
adsorbents show high fluoride uptake capacity and selectivity under a wide range of 1.6.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
pH, which is of immense practical importance. 1.6. ELECTRONICS
This is a sector in which CSIR contributes not only for societal advancement, but also
A continuous flow experiment was also conducted to evaluate the column & for its strategic importance. Many of CSIR's processes and products have found
performance for fluoride removal by the bioceramic and biopolymer based
composite adsorbents and activated alumina. Bioceramic based adsorbents I and II
INSTRUMENTATION applications in India's space, atomic energy and defence programmes. During the year
some significant results obtained are described below:
show significantly high breakthrough capacities of 3.47mg/g 16.53mg/g as
compared to activated alumina (0.044mg/g). From the laboratory experiments it Analysis and design of corrugated long-period gratings in silica-on-
was observed that such type of adsorbent media can be used for defluoridation of silicon planar wave-guides.
wastewater at industrial level. CEERI has carried out a detailed theoretical analysis of light transmission through a
corrugated long-period waveguide grating made in silica-on-silicon planar waveguide.
1.5.2. Human Resource Development Grating period of ~ 280 m was considered in order to achieve a strong rejection band
IMMT in the wavelength region of 1.5 m. Phase-matching graphs were studied to find the
relationship between the resonance wavelength and the grating period. The effects of
• Short course on milling practices at NALCO, Damanjodi
the variation of the waveguide and grating parameters on the resonance wavelength
A three-day short course was organized by IMMT at NALCO, Damanjodi during 3-5 were investigated in detail. Polarization-dependence on the waveguide gratings was
December 2007. The course covered three broad areas of (i) Milling Practices, (ii) Ore studied and finally the design was optimized by proper choice of the grating
Characterization, and (iii) Waste Utilization. parameters, which resulted in a polarization-independent rejection band in the
operating wavelength region. This type of waveguide gratings has significant potential
• Orientation course on mineral characterization and beneficiation practices
for various integrated-optic devices and sensing applications.
A 6-day orientation course on “Mineral characterization and beneficiation practices”
was jointly organized by Indian Institute of Mineral Engineers, Bhubaneswar Chapter Design technology of sub-system of Gyrotron
and IMMT, Bhubaneswar during 4-9 February 2008. Thirty six delegates from a Design of a triode type Magnetron Injection Gun (MIG) for a 200kW, 42GHz Gyrotron
number of mineral industries and IMMT attended the programme. with an operating voltage of modulating anode at 29 kV and accelerating voltage at 65
kV has been reported by CEERI. Operation mode of this Gyrotron is TE03 and it would
1.5.3. Awards & Recognition be used in a TOKAMAK system for plasma heating. The MIG has been designed using
In the area of Ecology and environment, following scientists have received awards and commercially available code EGUN and three in-house developed software codes
recognition. MIGSYN, GINTMESH and MIGANS.
The development of design technology for electron gun, interaction structure is
general in nature and would help the R&D in Gyrotron. The techniques developed
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
were used to design various sub- components for 42 GHz, 200 kW Gyrotron.
NASA Technology Brief Award – 2007 Dr L Besra, IMMT
Hromadka Award 2007 by Wessex Institute Dr (Ms) Leena Deshpande, NEERI Nanostructures, nanoelectronic devices and enabling technology
of Technology, U.K. development.
Nobel Peace Prize – 2007 for Dr Sukumar Devotta, as a member CEERI has reported synthesis of silicon nanoparticles by CMOS compatible LPCVD
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate of IPCC, was presented with and PECVD processes for applications in new class of nanoelectronic devices such as
Change (IPCC) citation recognizing his contribution
single electron transistors, single electron memories, next generation photovoltaic
by Hon’ble Prime Minister,
Dr. Manmohan Singh, NEERI devices, etc.
“Good Practices Award” by United Nation Dr (Ms) Asha A. Juwarkar, NEERI Silicon nanoparticles have been synthesized on SiO2/Si substrates by thermal
for Human Settlements Programme for NEERI’s decomposition of silane at high temperatures for very short duration in LPCVD
initiative on “Ecological Restoration of Degraded process. PECVD is a low-temperature synthesis process. In synthesis experiments,
Land through Biotechnological Approaches” diluted silane gas has been used in Argon plasma at relatively low temperatures for
Fellow, Maharashtra Academy of Sciences Dr Sadhana Rayalu, NEERI very small durations. Syntheses have been carried out at different temperatures and for
Innovative Student Projects Award–2007 by Dr Sanjay P. Kamble, NEERI different durations of time. These nanoparticles have been imaged using Atomic Force
Indian National Academy of Engineering, Microscope and analyzed for size and density. The images show hemi-spherical
New Delhi shaped nanoparticles on substrate surface. Size and density estimation have been
44

Fig. 1.29A:
Silicon nanoparticles synthesized
by PECVD process at 3500 C
Fig. 1.29 B:
Silicon nanoparticles synthesized
by LPCVD process at 5750 C
Fig. 1.30: Cluster of capacitive
ultrasonic cells
45
performed by image processing using a special software. The estimated size of
particles and typical density are in the range of 6 -16 nm, ~2.2.x 1011/cm2 for LPCVD
process and 5-20 nm, ~7.0x 1011/cm2 for PECVD process, respectively. AFM images of
nanosilicon particles are shown below (Figs 1.29A & 1.29B).
MEMS capacitive u transducers
Ultrasonic transducers are useful in areas of non-destructive testing and echo-graphic
imaging systems. Capacitive micro-machined ultrasonic transducers (cMUT) offer
many prime advantages over piezoelectric transducers, such as low impedance
mismatch, higher temperature threshold, higher transmitting frequency, higher
sensitivity and low cost. The capacitive ultrasonic cell (Fig. 1.30) consists of a thin
conducting or metalized membrane stretched over a conducting back plate. At
present, there are three technologies for fabrication of MEMS devices, namely, bulk
micromachining, surface micromachining and wafer bonding technique. The wafer
fusion bonding technique was used by CEERI due to its advantages over others, such as
lesser number of processing steps, which saves the processing time. After testing of
these devices using Laser Doppler Vivrometer, fabrication process technology was
finalized and desired performance of devices was achieved. Vacuum-sealed cavities
were fabricated for cMUT of 1x1, 5x1, 5x5 and 10x10 arrays in which size of a single
cell was 50 mm hexagonal (edge length). The frequency response of the cMUT
devices, fabricated by wafer bonding, indicates 2.240 MHz resonance frequency,
which is close to the designed frequency of 2.3 MHz. Device structure was further
analyzed by Focused Ion Beam etching and SEM imaging for silicon membrane
thickness and gap below the membrane.
Fig. 1.31a: Front view of graphite
electrode MDC assembly
Trapped miner locator system
The underground mining environment is hazardous and prone to several disasters
including roof collapse, inundation and gas leakage among others, which frequently
trap miners who do not have any mechanism to contact the ground personnel or the
management. With the CEERI-developed technology, it is easier for the management
to keep track of each and every miner wirelessly without interfering in their day-to-day
operations. It is a two-way mechanism in the sense that the miners can also send alarm
to the management from their work place in case of any possible mishap. The units
comprise a base station and a wireless miners' kit. The base stations are installed in the
underground and miner's kits are attached to the belts of miners. The base station
keeps track of the miner's location through the interactions with the miners' kit. The
technology has been successfully field-tried at Khetri copper mines and is currently
awaiting DGMS (Director General of Mine-Safety) approval for use in the underground
coal mines.
Design and development of Ku-band 140 W space TWT
A Ku-band 140 W Space TWT has been designed and developed jointly by CEERI,
Pilani and BEL, Bangalore. A prototype of the TWT has been developed and tested in
CW mode. It delivered targeted stable power and gain, i.e., 140 W CW output power
in 10.9 to 11.7 GHz frequency band and more than 50 dB gain. Collector efficiency
was more than 75% and overall efficiency was 55%. The simulated and experimental
results show very good matching over the desired frequency mode.
Design and development of graphite electrodes multi-stage depressed
collector
The graphite collector technology is the state-of-art technology for Space TWT and is
possessed only by USA. This technology is very useful for enhancing the overall
efficiency of Space TWTs.
CEERI has designed and fabricated complete graphite electrodes multistage depressed
collector assembly (Figs 1.31a & 1.31b) using copper-impregnated high density
graphite (DFP-1C) and it was integrated with Ku-band TWT prototype. Two appendage
pumps (at collector and gun ends) were integrated, as shown in Fig.1.31c. The TWT
was RF-tested in CW mode and the desired 140 W output power and more than 50 dB
gain over the full operating band of 10.9 to 11.7 GHz was achieved.
Fig. 1.31b: Rear view showing Fig. 1.31c: TWT with graphite collector on RF test bed
Feed throughs
46
 Thermal detector comprising a wire made of a negative coefficient
material
CSIO has developed and fabricated a 15 m long continuous thermal detector using a
mixture of manganese-band spinel and lanthanum oxide powder. The addition of
La2O3 leads to decrease in thermistor constant and activation energy values, thus
giving freedom to fabricate thermal sensors for various temperature applications. A 3 m
long continuous thermal detector for application in the temperature range 275-350o C
was fabricated and later coupled to form a continuous unit of 15 m length. It has
applications as thermal sensor for aerospace programme of the country.
IR based snow surface temperature measuring probe
An IR probe has been developed by CSIO that is useful for measuring the temperature
of snow surface without the need for a physical contact with the snow surface. The
instrument has been designed around very precise optical and electronic components.
Fig. 1.32: Titanium-coated ophthalmic
This type of system has been developed for the first time in the country. The system can surgical instruments
operate round the clock in harsh weather/environmental conditions in snow-bound
areas, e.g., in a temperature range of – 40o C to +50o C with high relative humidity &
wind speed of the order of 200 km/hour. This instrument has been installed in Siachen
region and J&K region and interfaced with a data collection platform. The recorded
temperature data is being transmitted hourly through satellite from Siachen and J&K
region to central base station at SASE, Chandigarh. This instrument can measure
temperature with a resolution of 0.1o C and consumes very low power.
Technology demonstration of an energy management system for
textile dying units
The textile industry accounts for around 1/3rd of the total export earnings and provides
employment to over 35 million people. It is an energy intensive industry, consuming
3.0 million tons of coal, 0.6 million tons of furnace oil, 0.2 million tons of high speed
diesel and around 5000 million units of power in the organized sector alone. The
overall energy saving potential in this sector is estimated to be 23%.
CSIO has developed an energy management system based on the Lon Works
technology, which has been licensed to provide comprehensive recording structure
for benchmarking of energy consumption.
After analyzing the day-to-day fluctuations in the energy consumptions and specific
energy consumptions (SEC), it was observed that the best SEC for a period of one month
was 1.11 units/ kg and the average SEC for a period of one year was about 1.33 units
/kg. There is a saving potential of 0.2 units /kg, which comes out to be about 4.5 lakh
units/annum equivalent to a financial benefit of Rs. 22.5 lakhs.
Protective biocompatible coating on ophthalmic surgical instruments
Commonly used materials for surgical instruments and orthopedic implants are 300
series, 400 series and precipitation hardened stainless steel (SS), which is corrosion
47
resistant and biocompatible. These instruments experience corrosion after prolonged
use and autoclaving process. High alloy steels release heavy metal ions, which have
negative influence on the immune system. In contrast, high strength, low weight,
better biocompatibility and outstanding corrosion resistance properties of titanium
and titanium alloys have led to their wide acceptability for making surgical instruments
and orthopedic implants.
CSIO has developed a surface engineering process to enhance the useful life of these
instruments by coating them with titanium and its alloys. The deposition process was
standardized in terms of coating thickness, film stoichiometry, hardness and adhesion.
Titanium nitride (TiN) was selected for coating on SS ophthalmic surgical instruments
using the physical vapour deposition technique (Fig. 1.32). Film adhesion, micro
hardness, stoichiometry and thickness were measured. The coated instruments
underwent large number of autoclaving cycles during users' trials at reputed medical
institutes including PGI, Chandigarh; AIIMS, New Delhi and GMCH, Chandigarh and
were found satisfactory. Adhesion tests and hardness measurement have been done to
validate the integrity of coating and examine the absence of the vulnerability to stress
failures.
1.6.2. Human Resource Development
CEERI
• Practical training on “IC Fabrication Technology” was provided to IIT-Delhi
students in June, 2007. 10 M.Tech. students attended the training.
• Practical training was provided to 7 UG students in June 2007 at CEERI Chennai
Centre.
• Practical training was provided to 23 UG students from various colleges during
October to December, 2007 at CEERI Chennai Centre.
• Training was provided to final year BE/B.Tech,/MCA/ME/M.Tech/ M.Sc./ B.Sc.
(Hons) students from various academic institutions.
CSIO
• Workshop conducted jointly with PCRA, Delhi at Tirupur on Energy Management
Systems in Textile on July, 17, 2007
• Training Programme on Repair & Maintenance of Bio-Medical Instruments for
Medical Doctors, Paramedical Staff and Technicians of Govt. Hospitals / Medical
Colleges in Punjab. 25 participants each from Faridkot & Gurdaspur participated in
the training programme.
• Management Development Programme on 'Operation, Maintenance & Repair of
Bio-Medical Equipment'. Biomedical engineers from Sudan, Ghana, Botswana,
Mauritius, Gambia, Yemen, Guyana, PNG, Eritrea and Namibia attended the
programme.
48
 1.6.3. Awards & Recognition
Following scientist in the area of Electronics has received award for his contribution to
Science and Engineering.
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
Marquis Who’s Who (United States of Shri Suchandan Pal, CEERI
America) in Science and Engineering,
10th Edition (2008 – 2009) 2007
1.7.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.7. ENERGY An area of immense importance to CSIR, this area has got an added thrust during the
Eleventh Five Year Plan period and a number of new initiatives are being launched.
During the year under report, the work carried out in this area is described below:
Development of a process for oxidative desulphurization of diesel
Oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4-methyldibenzothiophene (4-MDBT) and 4,
6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) was studied at IIP using the
isobutyraldehyde/molecular oxygen oxidation system in the absence of metal catalyst
as the sulfur present in hydrodesulfurized (HDS) diesel is mostly in the form of
substituted dibenzothiophenes. This oxidation system was found to oxidize these
sulfur compounds to their respective sulfones; the oxidation reactivity was found to
decrease in the order: 4, 6-DMDBT>4-MDBT>DBT. Further, the study was extended
to oxidation of sulfur compounds present in HDS diesel in a two-phase system using
the aldehyde/molecular oxygen oxidation system. The oxidized HDS diesel on
extraction with polar solvents showed remarkable reduction in total sulfur.
Acetonitrile was found to be the most effective among solvents studied, and
isobutyraldehyde was observed to be the best among aldehydes studied. In HDS
diesel, total sulfur could be reduced from 448 to 77 ppm by oxidation followed by
solvent extraction, and it could be further reduced to 31 ppm by passing through a
silica gel column.
Corrosion behavior of biodiesel from seed oils of Indian origin
Environmental factors and depleting reserves of crude oil are becoming the main
driving force in the quest for cleaner and alternative fuels. In India, adoption of Euro III
and Euro IV equivalent emission norms is under consideration. The Euro III emission
norms have already been implemented in 7 mega cities and would be implemented in
the rest of the country by the year 2010. This will lead to drastic reduction in sulfur
content and increase in cetane number, which in turn will adversely affect the lubricity
characteristics of the diesel fuel. However, the use of biodiesel will improve the
lubricity and cetane number requirements, particularly for ultra low sulfur diesel.
Studies for the synthesis and characterization of biodiesel from non-edible oils like
Jatropha curcas, Pongamia glabra (Karanja), Madhuca Indica (Mahua) and Salvadora
oleoides (Pilu) have been carried out at IIP. Corrosion characteristics of biodiesel are
important for long term durability of engine parts, and very little information is
available on this aspect. The studies were, therefore, taken up to assess the corrosion
49
characteristics of synthesized biodiesel from the above mentioned non-edible oils.
Development of zeolite-based reforming catalyst for aromatics
production
Environmental concerns and emerging norms on fuel quality demand production of
neat and quality fuel. Lead phase out, aromatics restriction and olefins limitation drive
the gasoline blending stocks to specified narrow range products, where the branched
paraffins gain much importance. The low octane, high Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) and
light alkane feed stocks in the form of natural gas liquids (NGL) are a suitable source for
the production of branched paraffins by several reaction routes such as isomerization
and alkylation. Zeolites have been emerging as highly efficient, solid acid catalysts to
operate in the refinery reactor. IIP has been working in the area of zeolite-based light
alkane conversion for the production of green gasoline and LPG, where a process
NTGG (NGL to gas and gasoline) is presently under demonstration at GAIL site at
Vaghodia with a plant capacity of 8000 TPA.
New indigenous catalyst for sweetening of lighter petroleum fractions
The presence of mercaptans in petroleum products like LPG, naphtha, gasoline, ATF
and kerosene is undesirable due to their foul odour and highly corrosive nature. In
commercial practice, the low molecular weight mercaptans present in LPG and light
straight run naphtha (LSRN) are first extracted with alkali and subsequently
catalytically oxidized to disulfides with air.
All the Indian refineries are using imported catalysts for these sweetening processes. IIP
in collaboration with BPCL has developed an indigenous sweetening catalyst Thoxcat
ES, which is applicable to extractive sweetening of LPG and also liquid-liquid
sweetening of lighter petroleum fractions like light naphtha and light cracked gasoline.
As the catalyst plays a role in enhancing mercaptide oxidation rate in the oxidizer,
activity of this catalyst has been evaluated in the laboratory by studying mercaptide
oxidation reaction (caustic regeneration) using ethyl mercaptan as a model compound
in a glass column. The results have shown that mercaptan conversion time is less in
case of IIP catalyst compared to that for the commercial one. This has confirmed that
the activity of IIP catalyst is better than that of commercial catalyst being used.
Commercial trial run of the IIP catalyst was successfully undertaken in one of the FCC
LPG Merox units of BPCL, Mumbai for four months. It showed better performance than
that of the commercial catalyst being used. Throughput of LPG during this trial was
275-330 MT/day and mercaptan content in feed was 150-200 ppmw. This was
followed by another trial run in one of the LPG Merox units of RIL refinery, Jamnagar
for eight months. The unit had throughput of 4800-5300 MT/day LPG, which is a
mixture of approximately 80-85% FCC LPG and 15-20% coker LPG. Although feed
mercaptan varied from 400 to 750 ppmw, total sulfur in treated LPG was being
maintained within the range10-12 ppmw, as this went to the propylene recovery unit.
The consumption rate of this catalyst was found to be less than that of the commercial
catalyst. The IIP catalyst has shown excellent performance under very rugged
conditions.
The process knowhow for manufacturing this catalyst has been licensed and
50
 commercial use of this catalyst has started at BPCL, Mumbai. It has been planned to Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
replace imported catalyst with this catalyst in all the Indian refineries and also to Technology Award for Innovation 2007 for Dr. Bir Sain, Dr. Gautam Das,
penetrate global market. its technology “Development of New Catalyst Dr. O. S. Tyagi, Mrs. Pushpa Gupta
for Sweetening of Lighter and Heavier & Mr. Sunil Kumar, Dr. T. S. R.
PEM-based hydrogen generator Petroleum Fraction” Prasada Rao, Dr. B. B. Agrawal,
CECRI has pioneering work on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) based hydrogen Mr. V. K. Kapoor, Dr. V. K. Bhatia,
generation to generate pure hydrogen and oxygen from water suitable for Proton Mr. Jai Prakash, Mr. B. P. Balodi &
Exchange membrane Fuel Cell as reactants. CECRI developed a 100, 200, 400W and Mr. Anil Kumar, IIP
5kW capacity PEM water electrolyser. The units are conveniently designed to be NASI Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Award Dr. Suman Lata Jain, IIP
portable and to deliver the hydrogen up to a pressure of 50psi, as shown in Fig. 1.33. Leadership and Excellence Award- IIP
OCCEANTEX 2008

1.8. FOOD 1.8.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements

One of the earliest organizations to work in the area of food processing, CSIR has over
& the years developed several products and processes. During the year under report, the
FOOD salient developments are as reported below:

Fig: 1.33
PROCESSING
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM)
1.7.2. Human Resource Development
IIP
• A training programme on "Heat Exchanger: Design, Operation and Trouble
Shooting" has been organised from 23rd to 25th April, 2007. 19 engineers from
BRPL, CPCL, HPCL, IOCL, NRL and Sulzer participated. The programme was
conducted at HRDC, Ghaziabad.
• Training programmes on “Petroleum Refining Technology” were conducted
separately for Chemical Engineers of Essar Oil Limited, Jamnagar; Hindustan
Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Mumbai; UOP India, Gurgaon; Flour Daniel India Pvt.
Ltd. (FDPIL), Gurgaon; Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., New Delhi (from six refineries
of Indian Oil Corporation, namely Barauni, Gauhati, Gujarat, Haldia, Mathura and
Panipat refineries), BPCL, Ernakulam.
• Training Program on “Vehicular Pollution” for Officers of State(s) Transport
Department, Ministry of Shipping Road Transport & Highways (MSRTH), New
Delhi; November 26-30, 2007 and January 7-11, 2008. Thirty-four participants
from Haryana, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Orissa, Jammu &
Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and West Bengal took part.
Preparation of bio-oleoresins from garlic
A premier laboratory of CSIR, CFTRI has prepared garlic bio-oleoresin from blending of
volatile oil and resin obtained from enzyme pretreated garlic. The bio-oleoresin finds
application as a flavourant in food and as a nutraceutical in pharmaceutical applications.
The advantage of bio-oleoresin is that it is free from toxic solvent residues and enzyme-
assisted extraction of garlic oil results in significant increase in the yield of oil.
An enzymatic approach as well as the use of ethanol as solvent for resin extraction in
place of conventionally used chlorinated solvents for the extraction of volatile oil from
garlic was explored. Enzyme treatment of garlic prior to steam distillation/hydro-
distillation has resulted in two-fold increase in the yield of oil and a marginal increase
in yield of resin, without affecting the physico-chemical quality of the oil. Cellulolytic
enzymes applied individually or as commercial mixture of enzymes and also
application of enzymes sequentially were found to be effective in increasing the yield
of oil. Profiling of the garlic oil by GC-MS has shown that di-2-propenyl trisulfide along
with corresponding di-and tetrasulfides constituted the major portion of the oil. The
other major flavour compounds identified are methyl 2-propenyl mono-di sulfides,
vinyl dithins and dithianes.
Detoxification of coffee processing waste by Pleurotus
This technique opens a new vista for the production of mushrooms that are
nutritionally better while contributing to the control of environmental pollution from
coffee processing wastes.

1.7.3. Recognition & Awards Coffee processing results in waste, which comprises mainly pulp and hull. This waste
is not utilized due to anti-nutritional factors, leading to environmental pollution.
Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Energy are listed
Instead, this waste can be channelized to lead to value addition, enhancement of rural
below:
economy and pollution control. CFTRI has used coffee processing wastes such as

51 52
 coffee pulp, coffee hull and spent coffee for the production of mushrooms. It has been Uniqueness of the course: This course is only one of its kinds not only in India,
observed that the mushrooms produced using these substrates have better nutritional but also in the whole of Asia for a formal training in flour milling technology.
value compared to mushrooms produced using rice straw. No accumulation of Number of the participants: 17
caffeine in the fruiting bodies is observed indicating that growing Pleurotus may
decaffeinate the substrates as well. Type of participants: Graduates with experience in flour milling industry
Benefits derived by the participants: The students who pass out from the course
Pure stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves are immediately absorbed in the roller flourmills and the mills are greatly
Stevia compounds are three hundred times sweeter than sucrose and have a lingering benefited by the training in terms of production of high quality milled wheat
taste in mouth. The heat and pH stability of steviosides enables their use in food products to meet the customer's requirements.
preparations, as many conventional sweeteners cannot be used. Due to their physical,
• Ph. D. Programme
chemical and biological properties, these compounds have found use in food and
pharmaceutical industry. China meets 80% of the world demand for these Duration: 4-5 years
compounds. Number of the participants: 24 candidates have enrolled for Ph. D. Degree in
CFTRI has developed a Stevioside process, which has helped in formulating many Food Science and Allied basic subjects in the year 2007-2008. Ph. D. Degree
efficient methods useful in the biotechnology applications in the institute. Reduction was awarded to 22 candidates.
in the levels of polyphenolics and use of reusable adsorbent are the novel steps, and Level of participants: CSIR-UGC NET qualified postgraduates
the methodology involved in the process is also unique. The process also involves Type of participants: Postgraduates
production of pure stevioside extract, which can also be used as such in liquid
dispensers as a non-nutritive sweetener. The crystalline stevioside will be useful in Benefits derived by the participants: The participants get equipped with
formulations for food and pharma applications due to its high sweetness and almost sufficient theoretical and practical knowledge to make a successful career in
zero calorie value. Moreover, it has storage advantage due to its high stability. This science.
stevioside process knowhow has been useful in formulating various recipes requiring 1.8.3. Recognition & Awards
non-nutritive sweetener for food applications.
Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Food & Food
1.8.2. Human Resource Development Processing are listed below:
CFTRI has been contributing to building of a pool of trained manpower in the area of
Food & Food Processing in the country over a number of years through full time
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
courses listed below.
Golden Jubilee Commemorative Lecture Dr V Prakash, CFTRI
• M.Sc. Food Technology: Award, Central Institute of Fisheries
Technology, Cochin Srikantia Memorial
Duration: (24 months)
Lecture Award, Nutrition Society of India
Uniqueness of the course: CFTRI is imparting training in specialized areas of C. Ramachandran Memorial Lecture Award,
Food Science and Technology with the state-of-art facilities in the institute. As a Nutrition Foundation of India
result of this, the students get equipped with the basic and applied aspects of Dr. M.S. Swaminathan Award for Best Mr. N. Bhaskar, CFTRI
Fisheries Scientist (Indian) - 2006 by
Food Science and Technology with a thorough hands-on training. Food industry
Professional Fisheries Graduates Forum
in the country has gained a lot with the availability of quality professionals (PFGF) Sri Venkateshwara Veterinary
(graduates) from the Institute. University, AP
Number of the participants: 24 Prof. Y.S. Murthy - IBS Young Botanist Medal Mr. P. Giridhar, CFTRI
& Award (Indian Botanical Society)
Level of participants: Graduate level
Prof. S.S. Katiyar Endowment Award for New Mr. G.A. Ravishankar, CFTRI
• Certificate course in milling technology: Biology (Indian Science Congress)

Duration: 12 months BGRC Silver Jubilee Oration Award of Indian Mr. K. Srinivasan, CFTRI
Council of Medical Research

53 54
 1.9.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.9. HEALTH CARE,
CSIR has a formidable presence in this area with a number of laboratories contributing
DRUGS & significantly by way of highly cited publications and commercially attractive
PHARMA-CEUTICALS processes/notable products. Some achievements during the year in this area are listed
below:
Mechanistic insights from the crystal structure of a feast/famine
regulatory protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Rv3291c gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis codes for a transcriptional regulator
belonging to the Lrp/AsnC-family (leucine responsive regulatory protein/regulator of
asparigine synthase C gene product). CDRI has identified a novel effector-binding site
from crystal structures of the apo protein and its complexes with a variety of amino acid
effectors, and X-ray-based ligand screening and qualitative fluorescence spectroscopy
experiments. The new effector site is in addition to the structural characterization of
another distinct site in the protein, conserved in the related AsnC-family of regulators
The crystal structures reveal that the ligand-binding loops of two crystallographically
independent subunits adopt different conformations to generate two distinct effector-
binding sites. A change in the conformation of the binding site loop 100–106 in the B
subunit is apparently necessary for octameric association and it also allows the loop to
interact with a bound ligand in the newly identified effector-binding site. There are four
sites of each kind in the octamer and the protein preferentially binds to aromatic amino
acids. While amino acids like Phe, Tyr and Trp exhibit binding to only one site, His
exhibits binding to both sites. Binding of Phe is accompanied by a conformational
change of 3.7 Å in the 75–83 loop, which is advantageously positioned to control
formation of higher oligomers. Taken together, the present studies suggest an elegant
control mechanism for global transcription regulation involving binding of ligands to
the two sites, individually or collectively.
Structural genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins using
NMR spectroscopy
CDRI has achieved a significant milestone by solving structure of the potential drug
target protein peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase from M. tuberculosis H37Rv (MtPth) in
solution by NMR spectroscopy. CDRI has assigned ~2100 NOEs derived from 15N-
edited NOESY-HSQC and 13C-edited NOESY-HSQC experiments and used the
distance constraints, dihedral angle constraints and hydrogen bond constraints to
generate an ensemble of 40 structures using the software CYANA-1.0.5. This ensemble
of 40 structures represents the solution structure of MtPth and has been deposited in
PDB under ID 2JRC. Parallely, the amide 15N T1, T2 and 15N{1H}heteronuclear NOE
have been measured and these parameters used for detailed dynamic analysis of the
protein. Results highlight the dynamic interaction of the protein with its substrate
peptidyl-tRNA.
Fig. 1.34: Synthesis of munchiwarin
55
Conversion of antimalarial drug artemisinin to a new series of tricyclic
1,2,4-trioxanes
The discovery of artemisinin as the active principle of the Chinese traditional drug
Artemisia annua is a major achievement in malaria chemotherapy. Artemisinin and its
more potent semisynthetic derivatives, e.g., artemether, arteether and artesunic acid,
are active against both chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant malaria. These compounds
are fast acting and are currently the drugs of choice for the treatment of
cerebral/complicated malaria caused by multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum.
While these drugs show excellent activity by the parenteral route, they show poor
absorption by the oral route. While the 1,2,4-trioxane moiety is believed to be
essential for antimalarial activity of these drugs, the extra acetal-lactone and acetal-
acetal linkages are linked with their poor hydrolytic stability and, therefore, poor
absorption.
For the first time, CDRI has developed a highly efficient route for the conversion of the
antimalarial drug artemisinin to a novel hydroxy-functionalized tricyclic 1, 2, 4-
trioxane. Neither the trioxane nor its derivatives, all of which lack the hydrolytically
unstable lactone linkage, show antimalarial activity comparable with that of acetal
artemisinin. CDRI has also prepared several seco analogues of artemisinin and
evaluated them for their antimalarial activity.
Total synthesis of munchiwarin, a triprenylated chalcone from
crotalaria medicagenia
Chalcones are main precursors for the biosynthesis of a large number of ubiquitous
flavonoids, which are frequent components of the human diet. In vitro and in vivo
antimalarial and antileishmanial activity has been reported for licochalcone A isolated
from Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin (licorice). Medicagenin isolated from the roots of
Crotalaria medicagenia DC, exhibits antimalarial activity. 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxy
lonchocarpin isolated from the Lonchocarpus utilis A.C. Sm. inhibits NADH:
ubiquinone oxidoreductase activity
An efficient method for the synthesis of the modified triprenylated chalcone,
munchiwarin (1), isolated from the roots of Crotalaria medicagenia has been
developed by CDRI (Fig.1.34). The synthesis of 1 utilizes a Claisen Schmidt
condensation between 2, 4-dihydroxy-3, 5-C-diprenyl acetophenone and 4-methoxy
benzaldehyde in the presence of Ba(OH)2 to yield the unusual chalcone that contains
a nine-membered ether ring. Further prenylation with 1-bromo-3-methylbut-2-ene and
its subsequent demethylation with BBr3 gave munchiwarin (1).
56
 Inhalable drug delivery systems targeting macrophage-resident TB
bacteria
As a part of efforts in the area of drug delivery, CDRI in collaboration with M/s. Lupin
Laboratories Ltd., has developed a novel formulation for delivering controlled-release
microparticles to lung macrophages. This formulation shows unexpectedly high
efficacy against experimental animal tuberculosis (Sen et. al. US Patent Application
20070154408, 5 July 2007). These microparticles also have the ability to enlist the aid
of the innate immune response of the host in clearing bacteria.
Glycosylated N-sulfonylamidines: highly efficient copper-catalyzed
multicomponent reaction with sugar alkynes, sulfonyl azides, and
amines
Multicomponent reaction (MCR) is a powerful tool for generating highly
functionalized molecules with complexity and diversity in a straightforward single-pot
reaction. Therefore, MCR is growing in popularity for its application in combinatorial
chemistry and drug discovery. Amidines are useful targets for drug discovery and
development with respect to their profound application as important
pharmacophores, synthetic intermediates and efficient coordinating ligands.
Moreover, they are abundant in various medicinally active natural products. However,
the chemical synthesis of amidine is not an easy task. Generally, they are prepared
from synthetic intermediates such as aldoximes, thioamides, or isonitriles, relying on
simple functional group transformations. The MCR approach for the synthesis of
amidines is still rare in the literature.
CDRI has developed an efficient synthetic route for the preparation of glycosylated N-
sulfonylamidines through the Cu-catalyzed MCR approach with sugar alkynes,
sulfonyl azides and amines (Fig. 1.35). The method is simple and affords the target
compounds in high yield and purity. These highly functionalized molecules are under
evaluation for their bioactivity.
Fig. 1.35:
Scheme for synthesis of glycosylated
N-sulfonylamidines via CuI-catalyzed MCR
57
Malarial adhesins and adhesin-like proteins predictor (MAPP)
A web server has been developed by IGIB scientists to identify adhesin or adhesin like
virulence factor proteins in Plasmodium species (Fig. 1.36). The MAAP Web server has
been built with a trained Support Vector Machine (Machine Learning) as its engine. It is
likely to aid not only in deciphering the molecular mechanisms of host pathogen
interaction but also in developing new vaccine formulations, which can be tested in
suitable experimental model systems.
Fig. 1.36:
Adhesin surface proteins are required
at various stages of the malaria parasite.
he case for P. falciparum is shown
M. tuberculosis SysBorg: A systems biology platform for the whole
organism (M. tuberculosis)
Through a CSIR-networked effort, a systems biology platform for tuberculosis research
has been developed in the first phase. The platform offers a comprehensive resource of
annotations, drug information, host pathogen interaction, polymorphism, gene
expression and pathways. This platform would be useful for researchers in identifying
and assessing drug targets and vaccine candidates. The platform was launched and
demonstrated at IGIB on Aug 10th, 2007.
Targeting promiscuous peptides to dendritic cells for elicitation of
protective immunity against M. tuberculosis
Identification of promiscuous peptides, which bind to human leukocyte antigen, is
indispensable for global vaccination. However, the development of such vaccines is
impaired due to the exhaustive polymorphism in human leukocyte antigens. The use
of in silico tools for mining such peptides circumvents the expensive and laborious
experimental screening methods. Nevertheless, an intrepid use of such tools warrants
a rational assessment with respect to experimental findings. Using 179 peptides from
58
 diverse antigens, IMTECH scientists have validated six commonly used in silico
methods, namely, ProPred, MHC2PRED, RANKPEP, SVMHC, MHCPred and MHC-
BPS. It has been observed that the prediction efficiency of the programs is not balanced
for all the HLA-DR alleles and there is extremely high level of discrepancy in the
prediction efficiency depending upon the nature of the antigen. It is known that the in
silico methods studied are not very proficient in identifying promiscuous peptides.
This puts much constraint on the intrepid use of such programs for human leukocyte
antigen class II binding peptides. This study concludes that the in silico methods
cannot be wholly relied upon for selecting crucial peptides for development of
vaccines.
Studies on structure-function and molecular mechanism of functions
of novel microbial hemoglobins
Fundamental studies on novel hemoglobins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been
undertaken and several novel aspects of their functionalities have been unraveled.
These studies indicated that M. tuberculosis hemoglobins, HbN and HbO, may be
playing vital roles in cellular metabolism and pathogenicity of mycobacteria. The
research carried on these oxygen-binding proteins at IMTECH has been published in
various international journals of high repute and has received wide citations. It
establishes the importance of these oxygen-binding proteins for the pathogenicity and
intracellular survival of M. tuberculosis. Fundamental studies on their molecular
mechanism of function and protein-protein interactions provide novel drug targets for
the development of antimycobacterials.
Identification of a novel cysteine-specific transporter in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Cysteine, with its free sulphydryl group, is an important amino acid residue affecting
the structural and functional properties of proteins. In addition to the de novo synthesis
of cysteine from inorganic sulphur in S. cerevisiae, the transport of cysteine from the
extracellular medium also contributes to the cellular cysteine homeostasis.
Several studies have been carried out to characterize cysteine transport biochemically
and identify the transporter proteins responsible for uptake of cysteine in S. cerevisiae.
However, these studies have been complicated by the different strain backgrounds and
growth conditions employed and have led to quite contradictory conclusions. Several
transporter proteins have been identified that can mediate the transport of cysteine in S.
cerevisiae. On the basis of studies by earlier groups, it appears that cysteine is not taken
up by a specific permease, but rather by multiple permeases with broad specificity,
each active under different sets of growth conditions. However, no specific high
affinity transporter for cysteine uptake has so far been proposed or characterized in the
yeast S. cerevisiae.
The absence of a specific trasnporter for this important amino acid, being puzzling, has
led IMTECH scientists to re-examine the yeast genome for the existence of a cysteine-
specific transporter. Starting with an analysis that mined existing genome-wide data,
they sought out membrane transporters that were being de-repressed under conditions
of increased cysteine requirements in the cell. This analysis identified a candidate
59
transporter, Yll055wp of unassigned function, belonging to the Dal5p transporter
family. Although all the amino acid transporters described so far in S. cerevisiae fall
into the amino acid permease family, IMTECH scientists nevertheless investigated the
possibility that YLL055w might encode a cysteine transporter. Detailed genetic,
molecular and biochemical analyses of this protein along with studies on its
regulation, reveal that the YLL055w ORF encodes a high-affinity, cysteine-specific
transporter.
Important fresh insights into the mechanism of RNA interference and
heterochromatic silencing
IMTECH has demonstrated a surprising role of Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) in
silencing at mating type, centromere and rDNA loci in S. pombe. This function is
ascribed to the interaction of APC subunits Cut4p and Cut9p with the heterochromatin
proteins Swi6 and Clr4. Genetic and molecular studies indicate that Swi6 acts
downstream of APC in assembly of heterochromatin. Preliminary experiments
indicate that Swi6 also interacts with the securin Cut2.
It has also been found that APC participates in the RNA interference pathway. The
results indicate the occurrence of bi-directional transcription from the dh repeats,
which are considered to be the sites of nucleation of RNAi-mediated establishment of
heterochromatin. This accumulation occurs owing to lack of degradation of the reverse
transcripts from the dh repeats in the RNAi mutants.
Understanding the precise role of nuclear transcription factor kappa B
(NF-kB) in mycobacterial infection
As NF-kB activation is antiapoptoic, the present study was conducted to see the role of
NF-kB in virulent (Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv; H37Rv) and avirulent (M.
tuberculosis H37Ra; H37Ra) mycobacteria infection in THP-1 cells. For this study, to
inactivate NF-kB, pCMV-IkBaM dn, containing THP- 1 cell line was generated by
IMTECH scientists, which showed a marked increase in apoptosis with H37Rv and
H37Ra. Infected THP-1-IkBaM dn cell line showed decrease in mitochondrial
membrane potential, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-3 and enhanced
TNF-a production. Increase in apoptosis of infected THP-1-IkBaM dn cells resulted in
inhibition of intracellular mycobacterial growth. Differential NF-kB activation
potential was observed with H37Rv and H37Ra. Both activated NF-kB after 4 h in THP-
1 cells, but after 48 h only H37Rv activated NF-kB and caused upregulation of bcl-2
family anti-apoptotic member bfl-1/A1. Overall, the results demonstrated that H37Rv
activated NF-kB and bfl-1/A1, a survival strategy adopted by this pathogen for its
antiapoptotic effect.
Characterization of a membrane expressed multifunctional glycolytic
enzyme and its role in macrophage function
GAPDH is known primarily as a cytosolic protein. IMTECH has demonstrated for the
first time that GAPDH has a novel cell surface localization in mammalian cells.
It was of interest to understand how an essentially cytosolic protein is localized on the
cell membrane surface and elaborate its novel functions. In order to answer this
60
 question, complete characterization of the membrane expressed GAPDH was acids, phospholipids and cholesterol, which is important in determining the solubility
undertaken wherein it was established that this molecule functions as a novel receptor of cholesterol in bile. The cholesterol : phospholipid ratio was significantly decreased
for the important iron transport protein transferrin. Iron is a crucial element for the in bile by feeding raw and heat processed spices. Total bile acid content was also
survival of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Previously, two transferrin receptors increased by dietary spices. The hydrophobicity index was significantly lowered by
(TfR1 and TfR2) have been identified in mammalian cells. The present findings dietary Allium spices. The antilithogenic effect of garlic and onion was accompanied
describe the presence of an entirely new uptake mechanism for the iron transport by a beneficial hypocholesterolemic influence in these animals.
protein transferrin into mammalian macrophages, wherein these cells utilize the Similarly, fenugreek seed powder, when included as 5, 10 and 15% of this atherogenic
ubiquitous moonlighting protein GAPDH as a receptor. This mechanism provides an diet, significantly lowered the incidence of cholesterol gallstone in mice. The
elegant method by which this abundant cellular protein is relocated to the membrane gallstone incidence was 66% in 5% fenugreek group, 36% in 10% fenugreek group
for this additional role. It is thus proposed that mammalian cell surface GAPDH and 8% in 15% fenugreek group. The beneficial antilithogenic influence of dietary
represents a primitive mechanism for the uptake of iron transport proteins that has fenugreek is attributable to its hypocholesterolemic effect. Biliary cholesterol was 297-
been conserved in cells. Because GAPDH is a ubiquitous protein, the broader 422 mg/dl as a result of dietary fenugreek, as compared to 1.33g/dl in high cholesterol
implications of this finding are that in addition to macrophages, this may be an feeding without fenugreek.
alternative mechanism for iron acquisition in other mammalian cells and tissues.
Product Launches
The current findings are central to understanding iron metabolism in mammalian cell
systems. The importance of these findings can be gauged from the fact that the first • The antimalarial drug α-β Arteether (brand name: E-mal), developed by CDRI and
ubiquitous transferrin receptor (TfR-1) was identified in the 1950's.The second marketed by Themis Medicare, was launched in Ghana on 29th November, 2007.
transferrin receptor (TfR-2) was identified in the 1990's, which, however, is expressed • Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnostic kit, developed by CDRI and licensed to
only on certain cell types. This present discovery identifies a new type of ubiquitously Biotron Health care Ltd., Mumbai, was launched during the Annual Day of CDRI
expressed transferrin receptor that bears no homology to the two previously known on 17th February, 2008.
receptors. The study has also established that this receptor is regulated by the levels of
extracellular iron. 1.9.2. Human Resource Development
Curcumin glucoside as an anti-aggregating agent of -synuclein: IMTECH
therapeutic relevance to Parkinson's disease Long Term Training Programme (6 months) for M.Sc. & B. Tech. students from various
universities such as Calcutta, Panjab, Banaras Hindu, Kurukshetra, Goa, Pondicherry,
A process for the preparation of curcumin glucosides in improved yields was
Aligarh Muslim, Punjabi, Guru Nanak Dev, Devi Ahilya, Calicut, Jawaharlal Nehru,
developed by CFTRI and their implication in alleviating Parkinsons' Disease (PD)
Nagarjuna, Delhi, etc. was conducted during the year. Around 80 students underwent
symptoms was studied. Curcumin glucoside behaves as an anti-aggregating agent,
this training.
prevents toxic oligomer formation and delays the process of aggregation. This new
findings might possibly help to prevent the progression of PD, as -synuclein 1.9.3. Recognition & Awards
aggregation is the hallmark for PD progression. This data has immense therapeutic
application in relation to PD. Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Health Care, Drugs
& Pharmaceuticals are listed below:
Antilithogenic influence of dietary garlic, onion and fenugreek
CFTRI has evaluated the beneficial influence of dietary garlic and onion in cholesterol
Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
gallstone disease, in experimental mice. Cholesterol gallstones (CGS) were induced by
maintaining the animals on a lithogenic diet (0.5% cholesterol) for 10 weeks. Inclusion National Bioscience Award for Career Dr. Javed N. Agrewala, IMTECH
of garlic and onion (either raw or heat processed) powders (0.6 and 2.0% respectively Development
in the lithogenic diet) significantly reduced the incidence of CGS. The reduction in the Dr. Y.S. Narayana Rao Oration Award Dr. Rakesh Kumar Jain, IMTECH
incidence of CGS was 40% in the case of raw garlic and 50% in the case of heat Fellow of Association of Microbiologists Dr. Swaranjit Singh, IMTECH
processed onion. The antilithogenic potential was also evidenced with respect to of India
severity of CGS. The increase in gallbladder weight in lithogenic diet-fed group was NASA Tech Brief Award for description of Mr. S. Mayilraj, IMTECH
significantly countered by dietary garlic and onion. The cholesterol saturation index a novel species Tetrasphaera remsis isolated
was significantly lowered in all the spices-fed groups compared to the lithogenic from the regenerative enclosed life support
module simulator air system.
group. Biliary lipid profile showed significant alterations in the proportion of bile

61 62
 1.10.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.10. HOUSING &
For a few of CSIR laboratories, civil and structural engineering including study of
CONSTRUCTION characteristics of buildings, roads, bridges, materials, etc., of various dimensions has
been a domain of strong expertise. These laboratories carry out not only fundamental
studies of importance, but are also well known for offering S&T consultancy to various
infrastructure related projects. Their achievements during the year are described
below.
Liquefaction hazard mapping of Chandigarh region based on site
characterization
Soil liquefaction during an earthquake has been one of the major concerns for
geotechnical engineers. Liquefaction is a phenomenon by which the soil loses all its
shear strength due to increase in pore pressure caused by ground shaking during an
earthquake. This results in disastrous effects such as land sliding, sand boiling and,
particularly, tilted buildings and foundation failures. For new construction activity in
any city, it is important that engineers have adequate information regarding
liquefaction potential level of soil and the related methods for its mitigation.
Chandigarh, a newly laid out city in northern India, is occupied by semi-consolidated
formations of upper Shivalik system of middle Miocene age and is exposed in north-
eastern fringe. Indo-Gangetic plain in the rest of the territory is occupied by the
alluvium of Pleistocene age. The city lies in a highly earthquake prone Himalayan
seismic belt (zone IV, IS 1893 - 2002).
CBRI has carried out a series of liquefaction analyses to evaluate the factor of safety
based on the local soil conditions at different depths in various sectors. Accordingly,
the factor of safety against liquefaction has been assessed with respect to different peak
ground accelerations (PGA) and the range of minimum values compiled. For better
understanding of the influence of PGA, the factor of safety distribution contours with
respect to different PGA values have been drawn. Fig. 1.37a shows a typical factor of
safety contour for a peak ground acceleration of 0.08g. It is observed from the figure
that the factor of safety ranges from 1 to 5 in most parts of the city. Further, based on the
range of factor of safety values, city areas have been classified into different zones of
liquefaction susceptibility level, such as high, moderate, low and nil. Finally, an
attempt has been made to prepare the liquefaction susceptibility map of Chandigarh
city as per the classified susceptibility level of each sector. The liquefaction
susceptibility map of the area prepared for the PGA of 0.08g is shown in Fig. 1.37b. It
indicates that for a major part of the city, liquefaction susceptibility level ranges from
nil to moderate. However, a few sectors in the city show high vulnerability against
liquefaction; it is mainly attributed to the presence of non-plastic silts with low SPT eN'
Fig. 1.37a & 1.37b Factor of safety
values and subsurface water table level at shallow depth. The study would be useful for
contours planners/engineers to know the liquefaction susceptibility of Chandigarh city for better
earthquake disaster management.
Alpha plaster & cementitious binders from non-traditional materials ~-,
For ceramic industry, dentistry and structural boards, there is a need of high strength
plaster. Normal β-plaster, popularly called plaster of Paris, has low strength and
63
medium density. The α-plaster variety of plaster gives high strength and longer life of
use. Thus, CBRI has developed α-plaster .by autoclaving selenite gypsum powder
(passing 150 micron) in presence of several admixtures. The calcined gypsum slurry
was immediately filtered and dried at 130°C. It was found that on using sodium
succinate (0.25%) at 35 psi steam pressure for a period of 2 hr, the α-plaster obtained
had a compressive strength of 25-30 MPa, setting time of 8-10 minutes and bulk
density of 1.40-1.50 g/cc. SEM studies showed formation of needles, and columnar
and prismatic crystals of broadened surface.
Three series of cementitious binders were produced. The first series was prepared by
blending fly ash, α-plaster and hydrated lime, whereas in second series fly ash,
granulated blast furnace slag, fluorogypsum, hydrated lime and a chemical activator in
different proportions were used. The 25mm cubes of cementitious binders cast at
normal consistency and cured at 27°, 40° and 50°C under humidity showed an
increase in compressive strength and bulk density with increase in curing period and
temperatures in all binder compositions. Data showed that a binder having the
composition fly ash: α-plaster: hydrated lime as 40: 30: 30 exhibited enhancement in
strength at all temperatures.
The maximum strength was achieved at 50°C (26.4 MPa), whereas at 40°C and at
27°C the strength at 28 days was 22.8 and 12.6 MPa, respectively. The study shows
that water absorption and porosity decreased with increase in temperature (water
absorption: 25.7%, 22.4%, 19.3 and porosity 34.4, 31.7 and 27.6 at 27°, 40° and 50°,
respectively). Studies on binders made under the third series containing alpha plaster,
marble dust, hydrated lime and additives are in progress.
Instant house made of natural fiber composite
A foldable and transportable twin house unit having foldable side walls, foldable end
walls and foldable roof panels, which, in their unfolded condition, form a rectangular
configuration, has been developed (Fig. 1.38). It also includes a frame structure erected
using three numbers gable frame and twelve numbers horizontal member by a hinged
joint. This expandable, portable twin house unit can be transported in the load bed of a
truck. When the house is collapsed for transport the sheet panels can be folded. The
shelter can be removed from the truck's load bed component-wise and can be
assembled on site. There is a provision for foundation of instant house. For this
purpose, holes can be drilled at site and base frame can be grounded. This foldable
house has four wall panels and two roof panels hinged together edge-to-edge, such that
these panels can be folded in a side-by-side layered fashion. When the sheet panels are
unfolded and are disposed in an upright position, various forms of covers may be
mounted on the edges of the frame panels using nut and bolts to form a shelter. There is
provision of leveling of house using leveling screws mounted on the frame itself. This
will help in maintaining an even level in case the house is required to be erected on
Fig. 1.38 Instant House rough ground. A floor can be added as an additional part of the structure, which is at
full strength when set up flat on the ground.
1.10.2. Recognition & Awards
Recognition and awards received by CSIR Scientists in the area of Housing &
Construction are listed below:
64
 Award/Recognition Awardee(s)
Mining Engineering Design Awards -2007 Dr. A. K. Majumdar, AMPRI
The Coal India (J.G. Kumaramangalam Dr. A. K. Majumdar and
Memorial) Award Dr. J. P. Barnwal, AMPRI
International Wetland Scientist Travel Award Dr. M. J. Nandan, AMPRI
1.11.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.11. INFORMATION
CSIR has made for itself a name in information dissemination and science policy
DISSEMINATION related studies. Two of its institutions, NISCAIR and NISTADS, have continued to
contribute in the area as described below.
& PRODUCTS
Dissemination of information to S& T community
NISCAIR provides communication links to scientific community through the
publication of 19 scholarly journals of international repute, covering all major
disciplines of science and technology. These 19 journals include 17 research and two
abstracting journals. The research journals are (volumes corresponding to years 2007-
2008): Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (JSIR, monthly, Vol. 66-67), Indian
Journal of Experimental Biology (IJEB, monthly, Vol. 45-46), Indian Journal of
Biochemistry and Biophysics (IJBB, bimonthly, Vol. 44-45), Journal of Intellectual
Property Rights (JIPR, bimonthly, Vol. 12-13), Natural Products Radiance (NPR,
bimonthly, Vol. 6-7), Indian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS, quarterly, Vol. 36-37),
Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge (IJTK, quarterly, Vol. 6-7), Indian Journal of I
Biotechnology (IJBT, quarterly, Vol. 6-7), Bharatiya Vaigyanik evam Audyogik
Anusandhan . Patrika (BVAAP, Hindi, half-yearly, Vol. 15-16), Indian Journal of
Chemistry - Section A (IJC-A, I monthly, Vol. 46-47), Indian Journal of Chemistry -
Section B (IJC-B, monthly, Vol. 46-47), I Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics
(IJPAP, monthly, Vol. 45-46), Indian Journal of I Radio and Space Physics (IJRSP,
bimonthly, Vol. 36-37), Indian Journal of Chemical \ Technology (IJCT, bimonthly,
Vol. 14-15), Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences (IJEMS, bimonthly,
Vol. 14-15), Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research (IJFTR, quarterly, Vol. 32-33),
Annals of Library and Information Sciences (ALlS, quarterly, Vol. 54-55). The
abstracting journals are: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts (MAPA, bimonthly,
Vol. 29-30), and Indian Science Abstracts (ISA, fortnightly, Vol. 43-44). Two of these,
viz., IJTK and MAPA are included in the list of 'Prior Art Journals' used by the
International Search Authorities for prior art search while granting patent(s).
All the NISCAIR journals follow international practices for scholarly communication,
e.g., having editorial boards, peer reviewing in case of research journals, and
timeliness, and are covered by the major abstracting, indexing and current awareness
services in their respective fields. Many are also covered by SCI, e.g., IJC-A (2006 IF
0.631), IJC-B (2006 IF 0.491) and IJPAP 2006 IF 0.380). All the journals enjoy good
subscriber base (16815 as of Dec 2007).
Special issues of the journals were brought out from time to time on important themes.
The themes of special issues of the various journals brought out during 2007-08 are:
Fractals in Marine Sciences (IJMS, Vol. 36 No.2, June 2007), Marine
Micropaleontological Studies from the Northern Indian Ocean (IJMS, Vol. 36 No.4,
65
December 2007); Management with Emphasis on Mobile and Telecommunications
Industry (JSIR, Vol. 66 No.4, April 2007), Advances in Industrial Biotechnology'-
Indian Scenario (JSIR, Vol. 66 No.8, August 2007); Molecular and Clinical
Immunology in Health and Disease (IJBB, Vol. 44 No.5, October 2007); Micro Electro
Mechanical Systems (IJPAP, Vol. 45 No.4, April 2007), Applications of Mossbauer
Spectroscopy (IJPAP, Vol. 45 No. 10, October 2007); Rural Wireless Communication
(IJRSP, Vol. 36 No.3, June 2007), GPS and Its Applications (IJRSP, Vol. 36 No.4, August
2007), Select Papers from CODEC-06, Kolkata (IJRSP, Vol. 36 No.5, October 2007), A.
P. Mitra Commemorative Issue on Ionosphere, Atmosphere & Global Change (IJRSPl
Vol. 36 No.6, December 2007); and Indian Science, Engineering and Technology
(BVAAP, Vol. 15 No. 1-2, December 2007).
NISCAIR's contribution to the economy/society has been through the following major
activities:
(i) Popularization of Science
(ii) CSIR e-Journals Consortium
(iii) National Science Digital Library
(iv) Graphic Art, Production and Printing
Science popularization
NISCAIR endeavours to take science to the people, mainly students, through its well-
circulated three popular science magazines: Science Reporter (English, monthly),
Vigyan Pragati (Hindi, monthly) and Science Ki Duniya (Urdu, quarterly).
During 2007-08, Science Reporter (Vol 44-45) continued with its objective of
providing to its readers topical coverage of issues in various fields such as information
technology, wildlife, environment, space, nuclear technology, health and
biotechnology as well as light reading material such as humour, amazing scientific
facts, profiles of scientists, science projects, inventions and discoveries and much
more. Five of the 12 issues brought out during the year were special numbers on:
Nanotechnology (April 2007); Environment (June 2007); 60 Years of Indian Science
(August 2007); Wildlife (October 2007) and Space (March 2008). Also, four new
columns were introduced from January 2008: 'CSIR in the Service of Nation'; 'What's
New'; 'Strange Plants' and 'In the Picture'.
Likewise, Vigyan Pragati (Vol. 56-57) continued to provide information in an easy to
understand mode on important current events/issues. Five special issues were brought
out on: World Health Day (April 2007), World Environment Day (June 2007),
Children's Day (November 2007), and National Science Day (February 2008). Some
new columns were also introduced such as 'Yugpravartak Mahavibhuti', 'Naveen
Jankari', 'Rochak Jankari' and 'Ek,; Report'.
Similarly, Science Ki Duniya (Vol 33-34) continued to provide a package of interesting
columns such as Science Quiz, Science Models, Science News, Science for Children
and Science for Women apart from major articles covering a wide range of fields
including agriculture, energy, environment, food, health care, oceanography, space
and wildlife.
NISCAIR also brings out the Council's newsletter CSIR News (fortnightly, Vol 57-58,
66
 during the reporting period) that serves as a useful link among the various CSIR
establishments and also communicates activities/accomplishments of the Council,
particularly those pertaining to research and developments, to other R&D
organizations, universities, S & T agencies/ departments, industry and other users,
mass media, etc. It also disseminates information regarding CSIR to other countries
through Indian/foreign missions. Its Hindi version, CSIR) Samachar (monthly, 24-25),
is also brought out.
Spatial database on natural resources and socio-economic parameters
NISTADS has developed an integrated spatial database on natural resources and socio-
economic parameters using GIS/GPS/RS technologies to help in local area
development planning. The study area was Chharora (Tauru) Mewat, Haryana. The
village Sizra revenue map (indicating all land parcels) was procured with the help of
Mewat Development Society (MDS) volunteers. In Lal Dora, each and every
household/structure was surveyed and plotted on paper to prepare Naksha Najri
(village Lal Dora map indicating all households) and was geo referenced. Accordingly,
a database for the study area has been created and various thematic maps prepared.
Video coverage of the Chharora village was undertaken. Each and every household
listed in the voter list was checked. A glossary of local terms is being prepared. Notable
results are as under:
• Linkages were established with village development functionaries, mainly,
planners, decision makers and implementing agencies working in the field
including government, non-government and private bodies.
• More than one dozen original maps were generated including map composition
format, vectorised digital map/sizra, regional setting and geographical position
with respect to administrative units. GIS databases were also created using Geo
Concept 5.6.GIS software and JT Maps1.2 GIS S/w.
• The study demonstrated the methodology for village development planning
through appropriate use of S&T inputs for integrated resource management and
development. The results of GIS study are useful for village level functionaries like
Gram Sabha/Panchayat, District Rural Development Agency, officials in revenue
department, particularly Patwari/Girdawar/Tehsildar; public delivery system;
Election In-charge; Block Development Officer; Block Education Officer and
Chief Medical Officer. It would also help in technical capacity building at various
levels of administration for enabling the adoption of the technologies developed
in integrated development planning.
Promotion of science & technology and innovation systems in NE
states of India
NISTADS has carried out some preliminary work for the northeastern states of India
with respect to two dimensions – S & T manpower and development of systems of
innovations. An analysis of data from IAMR, UGC and IASST on S & T manpower in
northeastern states exhibits serious deficits and mismatches. There is still acute lack of
technical and higher institutions of learning, and new and emerging disciplines of
study are unavailable. The problem is compounded by acute shortage of teachers. S &
T manpower absorption pattern shows that the Central and State Governments
continue to be the major employers. There is a need for the private industry to create
67
market for the manpower. There is also a mismatch in the functions performed by the S
& T manpower with a significant proportion of them performing administrative and
non R & D functions. The deficits and mismatches in S & T manpower development
and employment reflect acute underdevelopment of the region in respect of S & T
capacity. Work was also undertaken to understand the regional processes of the
formation of S & T capabilities with a view to improving the prospects of regional
innovation policies in India in the face of challenges thrown by economic
liberalization, in particular with regard to programmes and S & T manpower supply.
There is a need for development of special S & T plans for the region, given the nature
of its special problems of underdevelopment.
Women and science in India
It is generally said that the feudal authoritarian values and hierarchy have
characterized the Indian society. Are these reflected in Indian science as well? A study
was undertaken by NISTADS to investigate the role and position of women in science
in India. Using the available data, the study aimed to examine the issues and
importance of gender vis-a-vis other characteristics in determining scientists' research
related values, research performance, academic rank and professional recognition in
the Indian context. An analysis of the data by NISTADS on around 500 physical science
research scientists reveals the following trends:
• The number of women scientists is marginal (women constitute only 18% of the total
number of scientists).
• There are differences in the social-class background of men and women scientists.
This implies that only girls from elite and urban areas were able to choose science as
a career.
• Female and male scientists do not differ in terms of research-related attitudes.
• The higher proportion of women at lower ranks is not a simple function of low
research productivity. The female scientists do not differ significantly from male
scientists in terms of research contributions. Study is still in progress.
Measures of progress of science in India
Publications data from SCIE edition of Web of Science during 1985-2005 reveal that
India's annualized publications growth is accelerating from 2.51% during 1985-2002,
to 5.96% during 1996-2005, and to 10.5% during the recent five years, 2000-05. In
absolute numbers, its output rose from 13634 to 28603 publications during 1985-
2005. The statistics on India's growth rates (computed for the periods 1996-2000 and
2001-05) do not differ significantly in databases such as SCI (32.40%), SCIE (33.17%)
and SCOPUS (32.85%). However, they do differ significantly regarding publications
count. India's quinquennial output (2001-05) in SCIE was 46% greater than that in SCI,
and 17.9% lesser than that in SCOPUS. As per SCIE, India published 23153
publications (coming from 1734 institutions) in 1985-86, 27088 publications (coming
from 2223 institutions) in 1993-94 and 35142 publications (coming from 3443
institutions) in 2001-02. Only 10% institutions (181 institutions in 85-86, 215 in 93-
94, and 310 in 01-02), account for 80% output by the country. It shows that excellence
in S & T is confined to a select few institutions only. A significant number of institutions
are low in publications productivity.
68

1.12. LEATHER
Fig. 1.39 Product developed from the
polymer leather composites
(Leather waste, Buff dust, PVC and
polymeric additives)
69
It is an area in which CSIR through its Central Leather Research Institute has continued
to make wide ranging research, societal, industrial and HRD contributions. It is an
institution which is globally known for reviving India's leather industry by developing
several efficient and environment-friendly processes. Some of its general contributions
are described below.
• Vocational training: 58 candidates have completed the vocational training
programmes. 261 candidates from the leather industry and various organizations
have undergone training in various fields of leather and leather products
technology.
• International training programmes: 11 international candidates from Sudan,
Ethiopia, Kenya and Iran received training in leather and leather products
technology.
• HRD mission: This national level mission mode programme aims at addressing the
training needs of both the decentralized production base and the organized sector
in the country. About 1.6 lakh people have been connected through a unique
HRD initiatives for skill mapping and upgradation, training of trainers, on-site
training for shop floor personnel, designer and supervisory level training activities,
cluster development programmes for artisanal skill upgradation and management
training programmes. A major intervention in Agra footwear cluster has been
implemented targeting 60,000 shoemakers in the region.
• Global benchmarking scheme: The scheme aims to enable a total of 75 units in
leather sector to benchmark against best global practices in terms of productivity
and quality. 65 units have been enrolled. Productivity increase of >10% on
account of interventions made has been reported.
• Non-leather footwear sector: Recognizing the need for strengthening the non-
leather footwear production in the country, efforts have been made with support
from the Ministry of Industry, Government of India to establish training-cum-
production centres in Kerala and northeast. A proposal for establishment of non-
leather footwear training-cum-production centre at Jalandhar is under
consideration.
Polymer – Leather Composites
CLRI has prepared polymer-leather composites from polyurethane (PU), plasticized
polyvinyl chloride (p-PVC), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), natural rubber (NR) and
cellulose based materials. Also leather like sheet was prepared from cellulose based
fabric, buff dust and applied for leather like finishes. The mechanical and thermal
properties of the products were analyzed and characterized by their physical and
thermal properties. The physical properties results show better stress-strain property,
percentage of elongation at break, abrasion resistance and flexibility.
Endostatin: C-Terminal Fragment of Collagen XVIII – Panacea for
Abnormal wound Healing
Keloids and hypertrophic scars are fibrotic disorders showing excessive collagen
deposition during the remodeling phase of wound healing. Collagen XVIII is a prime
constituent of the basement membrane and is essential for the maintenance of the
structural integrity of the skin during healing. The c-terminal fragment of the collagen
XVIII viz., endostatin is a highly conserved domain and is a known angiogenic
inhibitor. Abnormal scars in general exhibit increased angiogenesis in comparison to
normal skin. CLRI analysed sera of scarred patients and normals to understand the
levels of angiogeneic promoters (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and inhibitors
(endostatin). This study indicates enhanced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor levels
and decreased endostatin levels compared to the normals. Cellular expression of
endostatin in normal skin has been confirmed and sequenced. It leads to the
hypothesis of using anti-angiogenic principles as diagnostic markers as well as novel
therapeutic agents for regulating scar formation.
Innovation Products from Leather and Endi/Muga Fabric: CLRI has identified two
natural fabrics made out of Muga and Endi silk for combining with leather to fabricate a
range of products. Muga silk is extracted from a species of insect, Antheraea
assamensis, not to be found anywhere in the world except in the North Eastern region
of India. Endi, also known as errandi or eri is a multivoltine silk spun from open-ended
cocoons, unlike other varieties of silk. Endi silk is the product of the domesticated
silkworm, Philosamia rinini that feeds mainly on castor leave. Fig. 1.40 shows some
products developed for endi silk.
Fig. 1.40 Leather and Endi/Muga Fabric
1.13.1. Scientific & Technological Achievements
1.13. MATERIALS, Being an area of immense significance for the country, CSIR has set up many domain-
MINERALS, METALS specific laboratories, which continue to contribute by way of high science and
industrial processes/products as described below.
& MANUFACTURING Aluminium foam for engineering applications - rural climatizer
Open cell aluminium foam has emerged as a potential material for thermal
management applications. Aluminium foam has porosity in the range of 60-90% and
the pore size varies in the range of 1-2 mm. The density of Al foam varies in the range of
0.2-0.6 g/cc. Because of its large surface area, open cell Al foam can be used as a heat
sink, heat exchanger and as evaporator.
Usually, open cell Al foam is produced by infiltration of polyurethane foam with the
heat resistant material. The polyurethane foam is removed by heating and liquid metal
is infiltrated through the fine pore. AMPRI has developed a novel technique to produce
open cell Al foam using melt route (Fig. 1.41). The process essentially consists of
thickening the melt by externally adding ceramic particulates, followed by dispersing
of a suitable foaming agent.
Fig. 1.41A: Microstructure of Fig. 1.41B: Microstructure of Fig. 1.41C:
open cell open cell Al foam showing Climatizer
fibrous channels
70

Fig: 1.42 Hydroxyapatite (Hap)
coated Co-Cr alloy
71
Based on the above-mentioned technique a climatizer of size 300 mm x 300 mm x 300 have found that nanosized semiconducting -Fe2O3 prepared by a specialized
mm has been designed and fabricated using open cell Al foam. It is designed in such a technique (sonochemical method) can be used as a semiconductor sensor in the form
way that the efficient cooling of the chamber is attained without using electricity so that of thick film coating, which is able to detect a very low concentration of acetone in
it can be used in the rural sector most effectively. It works on the principle that the heat breath. Fig. 1.43 shows the schematic and cross sections of the sensor.
is taken away as the latent heat of evaporation by water through the open cell Al foam
from the chamber. Water is fed from the top surface of the foam panel. The temperature
of the chamber, atmosphere and the circulating water are monitored and recorded at
different times during day time. It is noted that the inside temperature is reduced by
7-9o C with respect to the atmospheric temperature.
Fig: 1.43:
Process for making PTFE-lined thrust bearing pad material on Sensor head for Diabetes affliction
laboratory scale for hydrogenerators
AMPRI has developed a process for making PTFE-lined thrust bearing pad material for Schematic View of sensor Side View Top View
hydrogenerators at laboratory scale. Currently, conventional Babbitt-lined thrust
Fabrication of porous silicon nitride diaphragm tubes for fast
bearing pads are used in hydrogenerators, which suffer from problems like thermal
deformation, low scratch resistance, short life, low load bearing capacity, frequent breeder reactor
break down of pad, etc. Further, the coefficient of friction of such a lining is high CGCRI developed porous silicon nitride tube from powder silicon metal of suitable
leading to additional power losses. These problems may be overcome by using PTFE- particle size mixed with carbon. The mixture was slip cast in plaster mould to fabricate
lined bearing pads in place of Babbitt-lined ones. There are many advantages of using the green tube. They were dried carefully under controlled temperature and humidity
PTFE-lined pads, such as antifriction, scratch resistant, higher load carrying capacity, in a humidity drier and carbon was removed in a furnace at 60o C. The tubes were
extended thermal limit, possibility of having operation with a hydrostatic jacking finally sintered in a large furnace in nitrogen at temperature between 1150o C to 1400o C
system during a startup and shut down, and insulating characteristics as compared to for 3 days. The sintered tubes (Fig.1.44) were tested to estimate the density, porosity,
traditional Babbitt-lined bearing pads. pore size distribution, microstructure, etc. It is expected to replace alumina in critical
nuclear fuel reprocessing.
Remodeling of bone-ceramic interface Fig. 1.44: Slip cast silicon green tube
Musculoskeletal conditions are among the most frequent occurrences and they have a of required dimensions Real time process simulator (RTPS)
substantial impact on the quality of life of people. Usually Ti-6Al-4V/SS 316 L/Co-Cr NML has developed several comprehensive process models for the blast furnace iron-
alloy prostheses coated with plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HAp, making phenomena with expert help from academia, and, for the first time in India, a
[Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]) layers are used in joint reconstruction. This makes it possible to "Real Time Process Simulator" has been developed for on-line monitoring and
have cementless fixation of the implant at the damaged tissue site without an prediction of the internal dynamics of the blast furnace (Fig. 1.45). Both the real time
intervening fibrous layer. CGCRI scientists used biomimetic technique for fabrication process simulator and the process models have been successfully installed at a blast
of a dense, uniform and homogeneous coating at room temperature (37o C). The furnace in the Bokaro Steel Ltd., Bokaro. With the help of this technology, the end-user
proteinaceous content of mineral coatings plays a major role in determining its has reported a reduction in coke consumption rate by 21 kg/ton and 18%
biocompatibility and bioresorption. Some non-collagenous proteins and bone-derived improvement in the productivity of the furnace.
growth factors also have great importance in the regulation of bone formation,
absorption and fracture healing. CGCRI has used an innovative process by using nano
spaces/nanoreactors of the functionalized biomolecular templates for mineralization
of HAp coating on metallic/ceramic substrate (Fig 1.42). This is analogous to the
formation of the apatite crystals in a controlled reaction environment of the oriented
collagen fibres in natural bone tissue. It is designed to mimic the structural and
characteristic properties of the biological apatite to expedite osseointegration kinetics
and to further enhance biocompatibility of the implant materials in vivo.
Noninvasive diabetes detection from breath using inexpensive
semiconductor sensors – demonstration of proof-of-concept
It has been known for quite sometime that the concentration of acetone in a diabetic
patient is higher (>0.9 ppm) than that of a healthy person. However, monitoring that
low concentration of acetone in a diabetic patient can only be done through highly Fig. 1.45: 'Real Time process simulator'
expensive sophisticated instruments and is of academic interest only. CGCRI scientists
72

Fig. 1.46 NML's biomimetic payload
Fig. 1.47:
Indigenous process technology for
casting of metals and ceramics using
thermit reactions
73
Biomimetic payload completes its journey in space
India got one step closer to manned space mission, when ISRO's scientists brought
SRE-I back to earth on January 22, 2007, using a complex technology, mastered only
by America, China and Russia before India. It was a feather in NML's cap too, as one of
the two microgravity payloads on board SRE-I belonged to it (Fig. 1.46). The aim of the
experiment was to study the effect of microgravity on the polymer matrix mediated
synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, a base material for bone tissue engineering.
NML scientists not only designed the experiment, but also successfully took up the
challenge of designing and fabricating a biomimetic reactor for an unmanned space
capsule. It could be completed through a very close and active participation of ISRO
Satellite Application Centre (ISAC), Bangalore.
As postulated by NML team, the nanoparticles synthesized under microgravity
exhibited a great degree of morphological sophistication in terms of nanoparticle size,
shape and their ordered assembly leading to the formation of higher order
nanostructures akin to biological structures like tooth enamel.
Zirconia based cermet convergent and divergent nozzle
Technology for near net shaped convergent & divergent nozzles embedded inside
graphite holders was developed by NAL. In this, the inserts were fabricated using
centrifugal forces assisted combustion synthesis. The insert was made of an ultra high
temperature cermet material. This was tested at 3000 K with high heat flux of 18 mega
watts per meter square in an oxygen rich corrosion environment. The material
withstood these aggressive conditions for about 20 seconds at a gas velocity of 5 Mach. CENTRAL
This successful development is expected to lead to its applications on rocket thrusters
in the near future. MANAGEMENT
ACTIVITIES
 2.0 CENTRAL MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES
CSIR steers its mandated goals and objectives through a well-knit ensemble of 37
National Laboratories and 39 field/extension centres, which are making impact not
only in cutting edge technological process but also in societal mission. The labs are
spread across the country having a strength of ~17,000 plus dedicated staff including
around 4500 talented scientists. The overarching R&D initiatives of CSIR are
spearheaded by the Director General, under the guidance of the Governing Body with
the support of multi-activity and multi-divisional Headquarters. The policy directions
are inculcated by the CSIR Society, which is headed by the Hon'ble Prime Minister as
the President with the Hon'ble Minister for Science & Technology as Vice President.
Following paragraphs highlight some of the significant activities under Central
Management during the year.

The meeting of Governing Body CSIR was held twice during the year, first on 22nd June
2007 under the Chairmanship of the then DG,CSIR, Dr. T. Ramasami and second on
2.1. Governing 28th January, 2008, under the Chairmanship of Prof. S.K. Brahmachari the present
DG,CSIR. The GB deliberated on many important issues and provided approval to the
Body (GB) followings:
• 169th meeting, 22nd June 2007:
Filling up of vacant posts of Directors: The Action was pending since 165th
Ø
GB meeting held on 13th September, 2005 to formulate single recruitment
rule for the Directors of National Laboratories. However due to anticipated
delay in obtaining approvals from different ministries, GB approved, in
view of exigency of the situation, two set of recruitment rules; one at the
Joint Secretary level and other at Additional Secretary level.
Ø
Acquisition of second-hand Research Vessel for Oceanographic studies of
seas around India;
Ø
M. Tech (Mechatronics) programme to be offered jointly by CSIR
laboratories and Bengal Engineering & Science University, Kolkata;
Ø
Manual of procedure and practices for CSIR libraries and Information
Centres.
Ø
Change of the name of one of its premier laboratories 'Industrial Toxicology
Research Centre' to Indian Institute of Toxicology Research.
Ø
Enhancement of Fellowship and contingency grant of CSIR Research
Fellows.
Ø
Implementation of 54 projects of Eleventh Five Year Plan under the
categories of Suprainstitutional (24), Network (21), Inter-agency (5) and
Facility Creation (4) duly approved by GB Sub-Committee.
• 170th meeting, 28th January 2008:
This was the first meeting of a newly constituted GB under the Chairmanship of Prof.
S.K. Brahmachari, the present DG,CSIR. The Chairman welcomed members of the
newly constituted GB and expressed his thanks for accepting the membership. He

74
 specifically mentioned about two Padma awardees on the board: Shri E Sreedharan,
Padma Vibhushan and Dr. Amit Mitra, Padma Shri. He mentioned his meeting with the
Prime Minister of India and President, CSIR Society, Dr. Manmohan Singh during
which the PM advised to build a New CSIR. The Chairman dwelt upon brief history of
CSIR and overall contribution to the society and the Nation He underlined following
four priority areas of concerns of CSIR.
i. to have excellent scientists who are happy and proud to work within the CSIR
system;
ii. to become the darling of knowledge business world over; and
iii. to create large enough public goods to remain relevant for the people.
The GB deliberated on many issues and made several recommendations. The
significant ones are:
• The action taken on pending item of 165th GB related to recruitment rules of
Director, DG had constituted a Committee. The Committee had submitted its
report to the Chairman.
• Enhancement of prize money of Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar award.
• CSIR Annual Report and Annual Accounts of 2006-07.
• Implementation of 'Facility for Chemical Biology'.
• Re-constitution of the GB's Sub Committees on (i) Investment proposals of
Eleventh Five Year Plan; and (ii) Personnel & Finance.
• Delegation of powers to DG,CSIR to allow medical reimbursement in case of
expensive procedures/equipment/instrument/implant for which there are no
prescribed rates under CGHS/CS (MA) rules or in cases where prior approval of
DGHS is required.
• Delegation of powers to the DG,CSIR to modify CSIR Scientists Recruitment
Assessment Promotion Rules, 2001.
• Extension of the benefit of Non-practicing allowance to Scientists in Group IV
having MBBS & MD, MBBS & Ph.D, BVSC & MVSC & Ph.D qualification.
The Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science &
2.2. Department- Technology, Environment and Forests considers and recommends the demands for
Related Parliamentary grants of DSIR including CSIR to the Government of India. It also looks into specific
topics/subjects of national S&T interest for deliberation from time to time. The
Standing Committee Committee considered the demands for grants for the year 2008-09. A background
note was prepared highlighting activities, programmes and financial summary. The
Committee made certain observations/suggestions on the Background Note,
significant ones of these include:
• The Committee expresses serious concern over the token hike in the allocation for
the Department. It feels that this hike is basically no hike if the growth rate of 9
percent and the inflation of 5 percent is taken into consideration. It only shows the
75
amount of importance that the government today attaches to scientific
organization like DSIR. The Committee is of the opinion that the axe of routine cut
should not fall on scientific departments as it would adversely affect research
and development which is vital for the development of the nation. The
Committee, therefore, recommended that the well thought out projected
demand of scientific department should be honoured and accepted by the
Planning Commission, more so when the department has the capacity and the
readiness to absorb additional funds.
• The Committee expressed its awareness that CSIR is involved in developing cost
effective generic drugs and standardization of Herbal and Ayurvedic drugs. It is
also engaged in development of commercially viable technologies for life saving
drugs such as anti virals, anti cancer, anti bacterial, cardio-vascular, etc. It is also
designing and developing instrumentation for diagnostics, therapeutics and life
supporting system among others. But the fact remains that diseases like malaria,
polio, diabeities, tuberculosis, cancer, etc. is still rampant in the country and are
taking a heavy toll. Treatment of some of these diseases is still beyond the reach of
common man. The benefit of scientific research is yet to percolate down to the
society. The Committee, therefore, recommends that the department should
seriously make an introspection and try to address these issues on priority basis in a
time bound manner.
• The Committee is also aware that the department is engaged in developing
technology and know-how for environment friendly conversion and utilization of
biomass to fuels. The Committee feels that fossil fuel, besides being costly, is a
major source of pollution in the environment. There is an urgent need to seek an
economically viable and environment friendly alternative. The Committee,
therefore, recommends that the tempo of research and development should be
accelerated so that the country could reap the benefits at the earliest. The
Committee, however, desires that while developing bio fuels, care should be
taken not to use edible cereals as it may affect the poor adversely.
• The Committee is happy to note that CSIR is contemplating to initiate a mega R&D
programme on climate change covering various dimensions such as assessment,
adaptation, mitigation, alternate energy sources, etc. Since this has to be
addressed on an urgent and immediate basis, the Committee is of the opinion that
the Department should start working on this at the earliest without losing any time,
in a time bound manner, efficacy of which may be reviewed annually. Progress
made in this regard may be brought before the public in the form of a white paper
or in any form the Department deems appropriate so that people could not only
feel assured but also come to know how real and formidable is the threat posed by
global warming and climate change. The Committee also feels that separate
budgetary provisions for this purpose could be made.
• The Committee is of the view that the public-private partnership is the kind of
research model that can successfully work in today's world where
commercial viability of research and its self-sustaining nature is as important
as the research itself.
76
 The Sixty Sixth Foundation Day function was held in the auditorium of National
2.3. CSIR Physical Laboratory, New Delhi. The function was presided over by Hon'ble Minister
Foundation Day for Science & Technology and Earth Sciences, and Vice-President, CSIR, Shri Kapil
Sibal and attended by a large number of eminent scientists and dignitaries. Addressing
the august gathering, Shri Sibal called upon the scientific community to rededicate
itself to serve the nation with much greater vigour. In his address, the Minister said that
CSIR has done well to build up the scientific and technological capability in the
country and support industry in the past when the endeavour was for
technological self-reliance. However, in this era of global competitiveness, CSIR
has to be sensitive and alert to the changing needs of the industry and
continuously reposition its programmes and operations to be cost-effective and
responsive to the market, he emphasized.
Shri Sibal suggested that with all the goodwill and support that CSIR enjoys today, it
should forge ahead boldly with its programmes that apply the great prowess of science
to meet the basic human needs of our people, generate research scientists in cross-
disciplinary sunrise areas of S&T, build up competence, capability and technology
options in the emerging areas like biotechnology, nanotechnology, new materials and
IT, and partner in greater measure with Indian industry both small and big to enable it
to compete globally.
Emphasizing that that the future lies in innovation – not only in manufacturing but
also in agriculture, services and governance as well, the Minister said that there is a
need to focus and concentrate on leveraging our strengths and opportunities to
unleash India's innovation potential. Stressing the need for developing green
technologies, Shri Sibal said that while 'Science is understanding the nature,
technology is respecting the nature'.
The Foundation lecture was delivered by Prof. P. Balaram, Director, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore.
In his presentation he addressed a problem that is a concern of all those who practice
and administer science: the problem of measuring and assessing science. His talk
provided a personal view of scientometrics in an Indian context.
He said that there are two kinds of scientific activities: Academic science, which is
often of uncertain utility and Applied science, which generally has clear goals and
targets. There are again, two ways of assessing scientific activities. One is simply to use
personal judgments which may be either informed or it may be prejudiced. This is
what most of us do when we say that a particular scientific result is good/ bad or
useful/useless. A more elaborate and objective approach would be to use impersonal
quantitation and that is really is the subject matter of Scientometrics.
He said that the history of scientometrics began with a remarkable paper published by
Eugene Garfield over half a century ago. This paper was entitled "Citation indexes for
science: A new dimension in documentation through association of ideas" (Science
122, 108-111, 1955). Over the years, Garfield invented many wonderful ways of
abstracting, indexing and correlating information about science and scientists. It was
his work that led to Current Contents, the Science Citation Index, and Journal Citation
77
Reports, eventually culminating in the Web of Science.
In modern times, publications are the key to scientists' success. Scientists have become
so self-conscious that they now decide the journals to which they will send their papers
on the basis of the latest impact factors. Thus, Scientometrics and its applications have
begun to affect the sociology of scientists. The key to Scientometrics lies in the list of
bibliographic citations that appear at the end of every published scientific article in all
scholarly journals. Prof. Balaram discussed in detail some laws that are used in
Scientometrics. He said that, CSIR has really propagated the use of Scientometric
analysis in India.
Prof M.S. Swaminathan, FRS, of M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai,
was the Guest of Honour. In his address he called upon CSIR to consider initiating a
PAN-CSIR Project relating to the generation of opportunities for skilled, non-farm
employment in rural India. He said there is a vast array of technologies in CSIR
laboratories in relation to post-harvest processing and value addition, biomass
utilization and efficient natural resources management which if transferred to the field
will bring immense joy and benefit to rural families.
2.3.1. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize
On the occasion the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prizes for 2007 were announced.
Following are the selected scientist for the 2007 award:
• Biological Sciences: Dr. Upinder Singh Bhalla, National Centre for Biological
Sciences, Bangalore and Dr. Narayanaswamy Srinivasan, Indian Institute of
Science, Bangalore
• Chemical Sciences: Dr. Amalendu Chandra, Indian Institute of Technology,
Kanpur and Dr. A. Ajayaghosh, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and
Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram
• Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean & Planetary Sciences: Dr. Anil Bhardwaj, Vikram
Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram
• Engineering Sciences: Dr. Rama Govindarajan, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for
Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore and Dr. Budaraju Srinivasa Murty,
Indian Institute of Technology- Madras Chennai
• Mathematical Sciences: Dr B. V. Rajarama Bhat, Indian Statistical Institute,
Bangalore
• Medical Sciences: Dr Pundi Narasimhan Rangarajan, Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore
• Physical Sciences: Dr Yashwant Gupta, National Centre for Radio Astrophysics,
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Pune and Dr Pinaki Majumdar, Harish
Chandra Research Institute, Allahabad
2.3.2 CSIR Technology Awards:
• DG, CSIR, Dr. T Ramasami announced the CSIR Technology Awards also on the
occasion.
78
 2.3.3. CSIR Young Scientist Award
Introduced in 1987, these awards are open to scientists working in CSIR system who
have not attained the age of 35 years by 26 September of the preceding year. The
awards are given annually for outstanding contributions made by the young scientists,
based on work done primarily in India, in the following fields: Physical Sciences
(including instrumentation); Chemical Sciences; Biological Sciences; Engineering
Sciences; and Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences. The awards carry a
citation, a plaque and a cash prize of Rs 50,000 with a grant of rupees ten lakh spread
over a period of five years for pursuing research project independently.
Following is the list of the CSIR Young Scientist Awardees:
• Chemical Sciences: Dr M. Jayakannan, NIIST and Dr Souvik Maiti, IGIB
• Engineering Sciences: Shri Rabibrata Mukherjee, CGCRI, and Dr Sundergopal
Sridhar, IICT
• Physical Sciences: Dr N. Vijayan, NPL
No Awards were given in the areas of Biological Sciences and Earth, Atmosphere,
Ocean & Planetary Sciences this year.
Shri Kapil Sibal, Union Minister for Science & Technology and Earth Sciences gave
away the CSIR Young Scientist Awards 2007.

HEADQUARTERS

79
 3.0 Headquarters Activities
The CSIR Headquarters plays pivotal role for its 37 constituent laboratories, which
provides support in widespread sphere that overarches planning process; policy
guidelines; intellectual property management; interaction with the Planning
Commission; international linkages and collaborations; business development; extra
mural human resource development, advice on legal issues and advising on vigilance
related matters. Various divisions of the Headquarters work in synergy to bring about
these tasks through a team of highly skilled scientific, technical and administrative
workforce.
The noteworthy contributions from various divisions of the Headquarters are
highlighted through following subsections:

The R&D Planning Division is focal point of the Headquarters, which is mandated to
3.1. R & D carry out activities ranging from regular interactions with Government agencies,
Planning Division conceptualizing & preparing Five Year Plans and Annual Plans, demands for grants
and related matters, CSIR Annual Report and various reports for Planning
(RDPD) Commission, etc.
It also carries out activities related to organizing Directors' Conference, Research
Councils of the labs, matters pertaining to S&T plan projects, data bank of pan CSIR
R&D activities, implementation of CSIR – National Innovation Foundation Scheme,
execution of New Idea Fund, support for programmes like Golden Triangle Project,
and providing assistance to Minister of S&T and ES, etc.
In addition, the Division also co-ordinates externally with Planning Commission,
Finance Ministry and other sector-specific departments, and internally with Finance
Division and the CSIR laboratories. It also provides technical support to investment
Sub-Committee of GB.

3.1.1. Demands for Grants

Financial Year 2008-09
The Division prepared the Demands for Grants of CSIR for the year 2008-09 and
submitted these to the Rajya Sabha Secretariat for consideration of the Department-
related Parliamentary Standing Committee. The Committee, before recommending it
to the Government, raised certain queries which were duly replied to. A presentation
was made highlighting the significant achievements of CSIR during the previous year,
focus of R&D activity in the coming year, etc.
The Committee considered the Demands and recommended the same in full to the
Government of India.

Financial Year 2007-08

For the Demands for Grants of the year 2007-08, the Committee had made certain
observations contained in One hundred seventy one Report. The Division analyzed
and prepared the Action Taken Note (based on the inputs provided by concerned
division, DSIR, CSIR labs. etc.) and submitted it to the Rajya Sabha Secretariat. Based
on the Action Taken Note, the Committee made further observations through one
hundred eightieth Report for which ATN was prepared by the Division and submitted
to the Rajya Sabha Secretariat within the prescribed time period.

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 3.1.2. Outcome Budget 2008-09
The Ministry of Finance has introduced a new instrument of governance, the outcome
budget, to judge the performance of various Ministries and Departments. The Division
prepared 'Outcome Budget 2008-09' that contains the performance budget also with
respect to CSIR. It covers physical dimensions of the Financial Budgets indicating the
actual physical performance in 2006-07, performance in the first nine months of the
year 2007-08 and the targeted performance during 2008-09.
The document was forwarded to Department of Scientific & Industrial Research (DSIR)
for preparation of a consolidated 'Outcome Budget 2008-09', which was later
submitted to the Ministry of Finance.
3.1.3. Eleventh Five Year Projects
The Division facilitated the implementation of suprainstitutional projects, network
projects, Facility creation projects and … inter-agency projects during the year. The
Division prepared the different progress reports, viz., half-yearly, yearly, etc., for
presentation to different agencies like Planning Commission, Rajya Sabha Secretariat,
Ministry of Finance, etc.
3.1.4. CSIR-NIF Innovation Fellowship Scheme
CSIR, in order to boost the grass root innovations in India, has entered into an MoU
with the National Innovation Foundation, Ahmedabad for validation/ value addition to
the grass root innovations/ traditional health practices. The Division convened Sub-
Committee meetings, Monitoring Committee meetings and Joint Implementation
Committee meeting during the year. There was significant progress in the innovations
related 'Auto Compressor Sprayer' and 'Motor Cycle Driven Plough' under
Mechanical Engineering category; 'Jute Match Stick' and 'Energy Efficient Stoves'
under Energy Technologies; 'Banana Ripening by Herbal Formulation' under
Nutraceuticals; and a number of traditional health practices under Herbal Value
addition.
3.1.5. Golden Triangle Project
The Golden Triangle Project (GTP) is a collaborative Programme with the Department
of AYUSH, ICMR and CSIR as three partners to standardize and validate ayurvedic
medicines and herbo-mineral preparations by using modern tools and technologies for
the Indian and global markets. CSIR is carrying out standardization of the selected
ayurvedic formulations as well as chemical analysis, safety and toxicity studies of the
identified herbo-mineral preparations under the programme. Eighteen formulations
(mostly poly-herbal) for diseased conditions have been taken up for the studies under
Phase–I of the project.
During the year five formulations were analyzed for microscopic & macroscopic
examination, pharmacognosic studies, microbial contamination, heavy metal content,
aflatoxin content and pesticide residues. The presence of the markers of each
constituent plant has been determined in these formulations. Three formulations have
been evaluated for pharmacological activities. The work on other formulations is in
progress. Chemical standardization, finger-printing, toxicity and safety studies of first
batch of all eight identified herbo-mineral preparations have been completed. The
studies on second and third batches are in progress.
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3.1.6. Prof. G.N. Ramachandran Award
CSIR had instituted a Gold Medal in the year 2004, for recognizing excellence in
Biological Sciences in the fond memory of Prof. G.N. Ramachandran, pioneer in
structural biology research in India. The Gold Medal is awarded every year. The
Division facilitates the selection process. Prof. C Ramakrishnan, Indian Institute of
Science, has been selected for the Gold Medal for the year 2007.
3.1.7. CSIR Innovation Scheme
CSIR had launched 'New Idea Fund' scheme in 1995 through which support is given
to test and validate novel and highly creative ideas, even if they had a high probability
of failure. The Scheme is available to scientists of CSIR and also to scientists from non-
CSIR R&D institutions to encourage collaboration with CSIR scientists.
A review of the NIF Scheme was carried out by Review Committee under the
Chairmanship of Prof. T.V. Ramakrishnan, BHU. The NIF Committee broadly agreed
with the recommendations of NIF Review Committee. The Committee recommended
modifications/ mechanisms in the existing Scheme for implementation of NIF
(Revised) Scheme which was also approved by DGCSIR.
For smooth implementation of revised NIF Scheme, which is part of XI FYP of CSIR,
DG, CSIR has accorded approval to Guidelines developed by RDPD. DG, CSIR had
also approved renaming the Scheme as 'CSIR Innovation Scheme' in place of 'New
Idea Fund' Scheme. A Sub-Committee consisting of recent Bhatnagar Awardees in the
areas of Chemical, Physical, Biological and Engineering sciences was constituted by
DG, CSIR for fast approval/ initiation of work. List of Scientists (Group IV) with contact
email addresses from all labs of CSIR was compiled for directly contacting the
individual scientist.
3.1.8. Bhatnagar Laureates' Conference
On the behest of DG, CSIR, the Division organized first time in the history of CSIR, a
Bhatnagar Laureates' conference. The aim was to provide a common platform to the
Bhatnagar awardees, presently working in CSIR other than Directors and belonging to
diverse field of R&D activities. The gathering was addressed by Prof. Brahmachari,
DG, CSIR and also attended by selected scientists of the division. All the Bhatnagar
Laureates presented future focus of their research areas..
3.2.1 CSIR's Patent Filing
3.2. Intellectual CSIR filed 214 patent applications abroad and 207 patent applications in India during
Property Management 2007-2008.
3.2.2. Sixth CSIR Diamond Jubilee Invention Award for School
Division (IPMD) Children-2007:
Two inventions i) Herbal Formulation to control RHIPICEPHALUS SPP. (Brown Dog
Kit), ii) Multiple Use of a Two Wheeler Scooter were selected for 'Sixth CSIR Diamond
Jubilee Invention Award for School Children-2007'.
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 3.2.3. Presentation of Fifth CSIR Diamond Jubilee Invention Award
for School Children
The winners of the 2006 competition for Fifth CSIR Diamond Jubilee Invention Award
for School children were given away prizes by DG, CSIR. The presentation includes
cash prize and certificates to the winners. A special function was organized in the
Auditorium of CSIR on CSIR Foundation Day 26th September, 2007 for the
presentation of these awards.
3.2.4. Workshop organized
i) Training of IP Managers on IP Prosecution patent law and practice of Life
Sciences
ii) Training programme on IP Management at NPL
Technology Networking and Business Development (TNBD) Division persuing
3.3. Technology activities under its assigned mandate steered Govt. of India's programme, the New
Networking and Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI) on one hand and CSIR's
overarching business development activities on the other. It facilitated functioning of
Business Development CSIR unit namely Unit for Research & Development of Information Products (URDIP).
The Division also undertook various challenging tasks assigned time to time and
Division provided assistance to DG,CSIR in managing CSIR affairs. Highlights of some of the
important activities undertaken and managed by the TNBD Division during the year
are given hereunder:
3.3.1. Progress under NMITLI
NMITLI has carved out a unique niche in the innovation space and enjoys an excellent
reputation. Keeping in view the objectives, NMITLI evolves both 'push' and 'pull'
type of projects, which are appropriately named as (i) Nationally Evolved Projects
(NEP); and (ii) Industry Originated Projects (IOP). Besides few projects are evolved
based on the 'proof of concept' obtained from the earlier/ongoing NMITLI projects.
Seven project proposals were approved. These are: Design and development of
cushion bonded/rigid bonded organic, cerametallics and ceramic clutch discs;
Evaluation of RNAi-based constructs for conferring resistance on transgenic rice
against the blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea; Development of Intelligent Video
Surveillance Server (IVSS) system; Novel therapy for management of sepsis; Intelligent
monitoring and control of the interconnected electric power grid using Wide Area
Measurements (WAM); Development and characterization of an indigenous vaccine
and diagnostics for Johne's disease; and Development of DNA macro-chips for
simultaneous detection of pathogens causing Acute Encephalitic Syndrome (AES),
Septicaemia and Antibiotic Resistance.
Three projects have emerged from the ongoing NMITLI projects. Two projects are in
the field of drugs and pharmaceuticals and are being proposed to conduct next phase
clinical studies. One project on Fuel Cells has been evolved to consolidate the leads
and develop specific products. These projects are: Clinical Studies of an Oral Herbal
Formulation for treatment of Psoriasis- Phase-IIb & III Clinical Trials; Phase-II Clinical
studies: Novel bio-therapeutic molecule – Lysostaphin; and Development and
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demonstration of polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks for stationary applications.
With the support provided under NMITLI, some significant progress has been
witnessed which include developing components of Fuel Cell based on Hydrogen,
Aluminum alloy matrix hybrid composite containing silicon and graphite particles,
Triple play broadband technology, 500Kw low cost horizontal-axis Wind Turbine,
Production of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) from thraustochytrids-technology
transferred to industry, Oral herbal formulation for treatment of psoriasis entering
phase-III Clinical Trials, Lysostaphin entering Phase-II Clinical Trial, Novel herbal
formulations developed for degenerative disorders viz. diabetes, arthritis and hepatic
disorders, Five chemotypes and a phytochemical hybrid developed for Withania and
Fungal and Yeast promoters developed under Novel Expression System Project.
Fractionation of sugarcane bagasse to cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin
operationalized at pilot scale and technology transferred to Godavari Sugars.
Operationalized the fermentation part of sugarcane juice to lactic acid at pilot scale;
setting up of down stream processing is at advanced stage.
3.3.2. Business Development and Marketing of Knowledgebase
The Division maintained interaction with Indian as well as international companies.
The division has negotiated Umbrella Agreement for Research and Development
Collaboration with MeadWestvaco Corporation; Master Research and Development
Agreement with ChanTest Corporation and Qualtran LLC; and Letter of Intent with
MBPL. Also, the division started work on revising Research Utilization Data (RUD)
formats in the light of changed requirements. During the period it examined and
facilitated for approval over 100 agreements received from CSIR laboratories. The
division also facilitated building up of about 10 projects under ongoing CSIR
relationship with Proctor & Gamble, Alcoa Inc., Colgate-Palmolive etc.
3.3.3. CSIR-Industry Meet - CSIR: A Partner for Innovation Driven
R&D and Annual Business Meet held at IICT
CSIR has operationalized several newer initiatives to deepen Public-Private-
Partnership in its Laboratories. The initiatives among others included: creation of
knowledge alliances between CSIR and industry to build up higher level of
competencies in an identified R&D area; setting up of incubation centres in select
constituent Laboratories where industry can incubate its ideas with the assistance of
CSIR; permitting mobility of scientists from CSIR to industry and vice versa. These
would further facilitate utilization of CSIR's knowledgebase and joint R&D in specific
S&T areas. Industry needs to be apprised of these initiatives suitably. TNBD
organized the second CSIR-Industry meet in Hyderabad on 17th and 18th May, 2007.
Considering the industry cluster in and around Hyderabad, the focus was on
biotechnology and drugs & pharmaceuticals.
It also organized Annual Business Meeting (ABM) – 2007 on 19th May 2007. It
provided an opportunity for Heads of Business Development groups in CSIR
laboratories to interact with Industry.
3.3.4. Security and Sensitivity Clearance
The R&D proposals involving foreign scientists/ agencies were examined and assessed
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 in the Division from security and sensitivity angle. The proposals covered basically
contract R&D. During the year, about 70 such proposals were processed. Some of the
clientele covering these proposals included Alcoa, WHO, Texas A&M University
System Health, USA, SINTEF, Norway, Philips Mouisre, USA, Ethio Agri-CEFT,
Ethiopia, BHP Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd., Australia, Cover Technology Inc., USA,
Reckitt Benckiser, UK, Procter and Gamble, USA, Colgate-Palmoliver, USA, UNIDO,
Vienna, Corus Technology BV, Netherland, Boeing Aircraft Corp., USAD, Nostrum
Pharma, USA, Castrol Ltd, UK etc. The list also includes clients from Saudi Arabia,
Canada, Amman, Thailand, Russia, Belgium, Spain, Kuwait etc.
3.3.5. CSIR Technology Awards 2007
CSIR Technology Awards, were instituted in 1990 to encourage multidisciplinary team
efforts and external interaction for technology development, transfer, marketing and
commercialization. Due to the modified emphasis in the way R&D is conducted in
CSIR, a new set of Technology Awards has been introduced which include:
• Life Sciences;
• Physical Sciences including Engineering;
• Innovation (to be awarded to the best innovation that was patented in any area);
• Business Development and Technology Marketing; and
• Most Significant CSIR Technology of the Five Year Plan Period ( to be awarded
once in five years, coinciding with the plan period, to such technology which has
proven in the market place, atleast for the five years)
Two Technology Awards awarded during the year which are:
(a) Technology Award in Physical Sciences including Engineering
Awarded to the team at Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai for
developing chemo automatic activated carbon oxidation (CAACO) technology for the
treatment of waste water.
(b) Technology Award for Innovation
Awarded to the team at Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP), Dehradun for developing
new catalysts for sweetening of lighter and heavier petroleum fractions.
3.3.6. CSIR Award for S&T Innovation for Rural Development – 2007
In 2006, CSIR had instituted 'CSIR Award for S&T Innovations for Rural Development
(CAIRD)' to recognize and honour outstanding S&T innovation that has made a visible
impact and helped in transforming life in Indian villages. The award carries a cash prize
of Rs. 10 lakh, a citation and a plaque.
The CSIR Award for S&T Innovations for Rural Development - 2007 was jointly
awarded to National Research Centre on Yak, Dirang (Arunachal Pradesh) for
“Improvement of Sustainable Yak Husbandry Practices in Himalayan Region” and
Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute (NARI), Phaltan (Maharashtra) alongwith
National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune for “Use of the FecB (Booroola) gene in
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Deccani breed of sheep to increase lamb production and thereby the incomes of
Shepherds”.
3.3.7. CSIR Diamond Jubilee Technology Award (CDJTA) 2007
The CDJTA for the year 2007 was to Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd in recognition of their
excellent work in the development and commercialization of “Scorpio”. With the
“Scorpio”, Mahindra & Mahindra had joined a handful of companies, which have
designed and produced world class vehicles. This development has enabled the
company to move into international league of automobile manufacturers. Its cutting
edge diesel engine technology, voice assist system, lower NVH (noise, vibration and
harshness) and 5 zone cushion suspension make every drive an exhilarating
experience. The product with its style, convenience, comfort and safety is popular
with individuals and institutions in India and abroad.
The Human Resource Development Group has a mandate to develop and nurture S&T
3.4. Human Resource manpower at the national level. It also promotes, guides and co-ordinates scientific &
Development Group industrial research through research grants to scientists/professor working in
universities/R&D institutes. The activities of the HRD Group include: Award of Shanti
(HRDG) Swarup Bhatnagar Prizes (SSB) and CSIR Young Scientist Awards (YSA); Selection of
Junior Research Fellows (JRF) through National Eligibility Test (NET); Selection of
Senior Research Fellows (SRF), SRF Extended Research Associates (RA), Senior
Research Associates (SRA) Extended Research Associates (RA), Senior Research
Associates (SRA)and Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Fellows (SPMF); Funding of Extra
Mural Research (EMR) Schemes at universities/R&D organizations; Visiting
Associateship Scheme; Travel/Conference/Symposium grants; CSIR Programme on
Youth for Leadership in Science (CPYLS). Significant achievements of HRD Group for
the period from April-07 till March 2008 are as follows:
National S&T Manpower Development
3.4.1. Junior Research Fellowship (NET)
CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test (NET) June 2007 for Junior Research Fellowship
and Eligibility for Lectureship was conducted on 17th June 2007 at 25 centres
throughout the country. 56,933 candidates registered & 40,929 appeared for the
examination. The result was declared on 25th October 2007. A total number of 1,444
candidates qualified for CSIR/UGC Junior Research Fellowship & lectureship and
1,046 qualified for lectureship only.
Subject Chemistry Earth Sc. Life Sc Maths Physics Total
Qualified-JRF 476 39 621 90 218 1444
Qualified-LS 370 31 465 61 119 1046
The CSIR-UGC NET December examination was held on 23rd December 2007,
77,999 candidates registered and 55,612 appeared for examination. The result was
declared on 19th March 2008. A total number of 1607 candidates qualified for
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 CSIR/UGC Junior Research Fellowship & lectureship and 1218 qualified for Promotion and Recognition of Excellence
lectureship only.
3.4.6. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize
Subject Chemistry Earth Sc. Life Sc Maths Physics Total The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize (SSB) for Science & Technology is given every year
Qualified-JRF 608 58 637 104 200 1607 to Indian scientists below 45 years of age for their notable & outstanding contributions,
applied or fundamental, in 7 disciplines of Science & Technology. For the year 2007,
Qualified-LS 355 01 587 97 178 1218
11 scientists have been recommended for the prestigious SSB Prize and their names
were announced by DG, CSIR at the CSIR Foundation Day function, held on 26th
3.4.2. Shyama Prasad Mukherji Fellowship (SPMF) September 2007.

The SPM Fellowship Scheme was started in the year 2001 with the objective to nurture
budding scientific talent towards pursuit of scientific research. The scheme is open to
top 20% CSIR-UGC JRF-NET scholars along with top 100 GATE qualified candidates
with percentile 99 and above who have to qualify a specially designed written test
followed by an interview to be eligible for the fellowship.
The examination for Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Fellowship (SPMF) for the year 2007
was held on 8th July 2007. Out of 475 candidates called for written examination, 243
appeared and 34 were called for interview. Sixteen candidates finally qualified for
SPM fellowship – from Chemical, 5 from Life, 3 from Mathematics and 2 each from
Physical & Earth Sciences.
3.4.7. CSIR Young Scientist Award (YSA)
The Young Scientist Award (YSA) are given to scientists below the age of 35 years, in 5
S&T disciplines of to recognize in-house excellence. In the year 2007, five scientists
were selected for Young Scientists Awards, two each from Chemical & Engineering
Sciences and one from Physical Sciences. These Awards were presented by Shri Kapil
Sibal, Hon'ble Minister of Science &
Technology and Earth Sciences at the CSIR Foundation Day function held on 26
September, 2007. On this occasion, Prof. M.S. Swaminathan was the Guest of honour
& the Foundation Day Lecture was delivered by Prof. P. Balaram, Director, Indian
Institute of Science, Bangalore.

3.4.3. Senior Research Fellowship (SRF), FRF Extended and Research 3.4.8. Funding of Extra Mural Research Schemes to promote R&D
Associateship (RA) CSIR provides financial assistance to promote research in the field of Science and
For CSIR-SRF, SRF (Ext) and RAs 1662 applications were received in 16 subject Technology including Agriculture, Engineering and Medicine. It is given in the form of
categories. The selection process started in November 2007 and Selection Committees research grants to Professors/Scientists in regular employment in Universities/
selected 477 candidates for SRF, 37 candidates for SRF (Ext) and 95 candidates for RA. Academic Institute/IIT's etc. The number of research schemes recommended during
2007-08 are as below:
3.4.4. Senior Research Associateship (SRA) / Scientist's Pool Scheme Schemes No. of Proposals Proposals Proposals
The Senior Research Associateship (SRA ship) is primarily meant to provide temporary Considered Recommended Renewed
placement to highly qualified Indian scientists, engineers, technologists, and medical General 568 279 593
personnel who are not in regular employment in the country, including those returning
Emeritus Scientist 83 34 86
from foreign countries. 79 Senior Research Associates were selected and 67 joined
during the year 2007-08 Sponsored 34 13 44
Year No of SRA No. of SRA Total No. as on One Time Grant 6 2 -
Selected Joined 31st March 2008
3.4.9. Travel/Conference Grants
2007-2008 79 67 148
Travel grant is provided by CSIR to young researchers for presenting research papers at
3.4.5. Junior Research Fellowship for GATE qualified engineering & International Conferences abroad. The travel grant Committee considered a total of
1118 applications and recommended 562 cases. The committee also considered 732
pharmacy graduates (JRF-GATE)
proposals from universities/institutes/scientific societies etc. for organizing
CSIR introduced a new research fellowship in 2002 for the GATE qualified candidates national/international conferences/symposia/workshops etc. and recommended 604
with BE/BTech/ BArch/ BPharm degree to pursue research leading to PhD, known as cases.
the GATE qualified Junior Research Fellowship (JRF-GATE). JRFs selected under this
scheme get opportunity to work with CSIR scientists. 118 JRF-GATE Fellows are at
3.4.10. CSIR Program on Youth for Leadership in Science (CPYLS)
present working in different laboratories of CSIR. The CPYLS scheme is a unique 'hand holding' program started for school children at

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 secondary level. The scheme was started to promote interest among the meritorious
young school children towards science.
Till March 2008, most of the CSIR laboratories had organized in their premises a 2 day
program for the year 2007. About 1000 students from all over the country participated
in this program. The reports received from some of the coordinators of these programs
show a very good response both in terms of participation and appreciation of the
scheme.
3.4.11. CSIR Diamond Jubilee Research Interns Award Scheme
CSIR Diamond Jubilee Research Interns Award Scheme is a preparative scheme
through which young interns are trained in the tools and techniques of research under
supervision of experienced scientists in CSIR. The scheme is operated by individual
CSIR Laboratories/Institutes and the HRD Groups is coordinating the selection of
research interns for CSIR Hqrs. During 2007, ten research interns were selected for
various divisions of CSIR Hqrs. viz. ISTAD, IPMD, HRDC & RAB.
3.4.12. New Generic Schemes
Six new generic schemes of support for international scientific cooperation under the
11th five year plan have been initiated:
HRDC has been contributing to human resource development initiatives of CSIR
3.5. Human Resource through organizing structured training & development programmes for CSIR
Development employees. The training programmes cover diverse training needs of the employees –
beginning with their induction in the organization and through out their career in the
Centre CSIR. The Centre, during the year 2007-08, conducted 54 programmes for all
categories of CSIR staff.
HRDC launched a major training initiative during the year on development of
leadership pipeline in CSIR. The training, in a series of programmes is being
conducted by an international faculty.
The Centre, in order to induct newer skills, is networking with reputed national &
international organizations. It signed a MoU with FORE School of Management, New
Delhi to collaborate in conducting of research projects in HRM, developing newer
skills / competency in management etc. Continuing further its efforts at networking, it
joined hands with Asian Pacific Centre for Technology Transfer (APCTT), New Delhi
an international organization under the UNESCAP and organized a three day training
programme on 'Valorization of R&D'. The programme had participation from
Mongolia, Nepal, Thailand, Sri Lanka besides the senior scientists from CSIR labs. The
faculty of the programmes comprised international experts from Australia, South Korea
and Thailand.
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HRDC has taken up R&D management as the focus area of skill development in CSIR.
It thus conducted the first programme in this area on 'Strategic R&D Management' with
R&D as the essential constituent for corporate strategy. The other major training
programmes conducted to develop skills & competencies of the scientists for their
efficient working included programmes on 'Effective S&T communication', 'Research
methodology and statistical methods', 'IPR and related issues', 'Entrepreneurship
development' etc. The Centre also undertook familiarization programmes on newly
introduced RTI Act.
3.6.1. Bilateral Cooperation
3.6. International S&T
Canada
Affairs Directorate
An MoU was signed between CSIR/CECRI and CANMET Materials Technology
(ISTAD) Laboratory (MTL), Ottawa, Ontari, Canada for cooperation in research and technology
transfer in the area of corrosion management in oil and gas pipelines
China
An CSIR-NSFC Workshop on “Organic Chemistry & Chemical Biology: Bridging
Bonds for 21st Century” was organized at NCL during 11-13 April 2007.
As an outcome, the following two joint project proposals have been approved for
implementation:-
• “Saccharides Tethered Linear p-Conjugated Oilgomers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly
and Application as Potential Biosensors between NIIST, Thiruvananthapuram, &
Institute of Chemistry, China.
• “Stereoselective Multi-component Organometallic Reactions and Synthesis of
Bioactive Molecules using Green Methodologies” between NEIST, Jorhat & East
China Normal University, Shanghai,China
2nd Joint Workshop on “Ocean Processes in Relation to Changing Climate in Asia-
Oceania” was organized at Qingda, China during 20-22 November, 2007.
Four joint projects were approved for implementation:
• “Understanding the influence of river discharges on carbon and nitrogen turnover
in the Bay of Bengal and China Seas”.
• “Sr-Nd and U-Pb isotope systematics and rare earth elements (REE) in suspended
particulate materials of rivers” to study geochemical and minerological processes
associated with land-ocean interactions.
• India-China ocean biology process studies in relation to Global Change
perspective” and “Standardization of Mesozooplankton sampling technique”.
• “Trichodesmium and other Harmful Algal blooms in Asia-Oceania region and
associate processes in relation to climate”.
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 Joint Workshop on “Designing Materials through Nano-technology”
Finland
A group of experts from CSIR visited Helsinki to discuss & showcase the R&D of CSIR
and identify potential collaborators in the area of nanotechnology. The CSIR experts
also participated in the Nanoforum UK, organized by UK Trade and Investment
Department (UKTI) with main focus on Bio-nanotechnology, Healthcare and
Nanomedicine, Nanomaterials, Metrology and Standards, Fabrication and Integration.
They exchanged research ideas to promote collaboration and networking with UK
industry and institutes. They also had elaborate discussions with researchers at the
Dept Mat Sci & Metallurgy, Univ Cambridge; Nottingham Trent University; Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Oxford University; Oncology Department, Cambridge
University; Begbrooke Science Park; Ullrich Steiner, Univ Cambridge, Dental
Institute; Kings College, London; National Physical Lab, London; and the London
Centre of Nanotechnology.
France
MoU to set up Joint Research Laboratory on Sustainable Chemistry with France
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) and French National Science
Research Institute (CNRS) entered into an agreement for the creation of a joint
Research Laboratory on Sustainable Chemistry at Interfaces. The CSIR- CNRS
Memorandum was signed on 25 January 2008 in New Delhi by Ms Catherine
Brechignac, President, CNRS, and Prof. Samir K. Brahmachari, Director General, CSIR,
in the presence of Mrs. Valerie Pecresse, French Minister for Higher Education &
Research and Shri Kapil Sibal, Minister of Science & Technology and Earth Sciences,
Government of India.
A milestone of Indo- French Partnership in the field of Science and Technology, the
joint Research Laboratory focuses on research partnership in the areas of:
• Green Chemistry targeting therapeutic agents for cancer and neuro disorders.
• Protein interactions for targeting alternative drugs/ biological systems.
The Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, will be implementing the
programme in partnership with the CNRS Laboratory for Molecular Chemistry on
Molecular Photonics and University of Rennes in France.
Indo-French S&T Collaboration
Joint projects
Following Indo-French joint collaborative projects submitted by our labs for funding
by the Indo-French Centre for the Promotion of the Advanced Research (IFCPAR) were
approved:
• Atomistic studies of support metal oxide nanosystems by NCL
• New Environment Friendly Media for Organic Transformation by NCL
• Enhanced processes for the removal of nitrate from water by CECRI
• Functional validation of coffee canephora phenylpropanoid pathway genes for
quality improvement by CFTRI
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Joint Conference
A 3-day Indo-French Conference on 'RNAi in Genome Control' was organized at
Hyderabad with participation of 14 French Scientists from 12 – 14 December, 2007.
Study visits
Study visits of French students in areas like Biological indicators in relation to
coastal pollution, Engineering analysis and design methodology for marine
structures, Evaluation of the impact of organic and inorganic pollutants on marine
organisms, Sea level rise in the North Indian Ocean, Anthopogenic phosphorous in
aquatic system and Ecotoxicological studies on biomarker of marine pollution were
organized at NIO, Goa.
Germany
CSIR-Humboldt Reciprocity Research Award
The following eminent German experts were granted the Award this year:
• Prof. Wolfgang Bleck, Head, Dept. of Ferrous Metallurgy, RWTH Aachen Univ. to
work at NML on Hydrogen embrittlement and delayed fracture of advanced
multiphase high-strength steels and
• Prof Peter Roland Walden, Charite University, Berlin to work at IMTECH and IICB
on Molecular Regulation of dendritic cell mediated T cell activation.
Prof. Werner Richwien, Chair of Soil Mechanics, University of Duisburg-Essen was
also approved as the wait listed candidate to work on “Study the processes during
cyclic loads on soil” for two months at CRRI and IIT Madras.
Prof. H. Wiggenhauser, Institute for Material Research & Testing, BAM, Berlin and
Professor BL Mordike, Technical University, Clausthal, Zellerfield, the awardees of
2006, visited India for availing their second spell of research stay at SERC and
Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials (ARCI),
Hyderabad, respectively.
CSIR-DAAD Exchange Programme
Nominations of four scientists each from CSIR and German institutions were approved
for visiting counterpart country under collaborative projects and in addition four
nominations from CSIR were approved for stand-alone visits in 2008.
DST-BMBF Cooperation
A joint research project entitled “Technically important high temperature coefficient of
resistance manganite nano - metal devices for infrared/bolometric detector
application” between NPL and Max-Planck-Institut-Stuttgart approved under DST-
BMBF Programme.
Training of German students in CSIR laboratories
Two German students received training in the area of 'Methodology for landscapes on
degraded lands and manganese mines spoil dumps' at NEERI and in the area of SOFC
at CGCRI, respectively.
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 MoUs signed
• Between CSIR / NIO and Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar & Marine Research,
Germany for cooperation in the area of Marine Sciences, by DGCSIR and
President, Helmholtz Association of Germany on Oct 30, 2007 in the presence of
the, Dr. Manmohan Singh, Hon'ble Prime Minister and the German Chancellor.
• MoU between CSIR / NIO and the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences, Kiel,
Germany to cooperate in the area of Gas Hydrate Science, was signed in
November 2007
Hungary
A collaborative project on “Potential antidiabetic agents: synthesis and enzymatic
evaluation of sugar-derived inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylases” between NCL
and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary,
approved for implementation under Indo-Hungarian S&T Plan of Cooperation.
Japan
A project on “Application of new functional conducting polymers in Bio-sensors and
nano-electronics” between by NPL & Institute of Technology University of Hyogo,
Tokyo approved under Indo-Japan S&T programme.
Nepal
A four member team from Nepal Academy for S&T(NAST) visited CFTRI during 23-30
July 2007 to learn about the existing testing facilities of genetically modified foods at
CFTRI. NAST proposes to set up facilities and training in the area of Genetically
Modified Food at Nepal with CSIR's assistance.
Poland
An Indo-Polish Collaborative Project on “Synthesis of natural product-like libraries
employing ring closing olefin metathesis” between IIIM, Jammu and Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland approved under the ongoing
cooperation
Russia
ILTP – DST Programme
The following CSIR projects have been approved for inclusion under Indo-Russian
Programme of DST:
• Growth and Structural Characterization of Nearly Perfect Single Crystals of Oxide
Materials for Scintillation and Other Applications” between NPL and Institute of
Inorganic Chemistry (IIC), Novosibirsk.
• The effect of metal ions on the efficiency and kinetics of Mucorales fungi growth
and synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids used for food applications” between
CFTRI and Institute of Biochemistry & Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian
Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow Region.
• Computational analysis of protein-protein interactions between proteomes of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human macrophage” between IGIB and
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Institute of Cytology & Genetics, Russia .
• Physico-chemical Studies on the Oxide Mineral Systems in the Presence of
Surfactants and Polymers for Beneficiation of Iron Ores” between NML and
Institute of Chemistry & Technology of Rare Elements and Mineral Raw Materials,
Kola Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.
• “Modeling and estimation of strong ground motion parameters aimed at Seismic
Risk Reduction” between , North-East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat
and Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, RAS Moscow
Saudi Arabia
A high-powered delegation from the Centre for Excellence in Genomic Medicine
Research (CEGMR), King Abdul Aziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia visited
IGIB, Delhi and The Centre for Genomic Application (TCGA), New Delhi on 28th
February, 2008 for exploring possibilities of cooperation in Genomics and Biological
Sciences.
Slovenia
An MoU between CSIR and International Centre for Promotion of Enterprises (ICPE)
Ljubljana for utilizing the trainer potential of CSIR was signed.
Turkey
A tripartite collaborative project between Anadolu University, Turkey; IIT, Kanpur and
CGCRI, Kolkata on “Development of SiAlon Ceramics for Tribological Applications”
was approved under the ongoing TUBITAK-CSIR Cooperation.
Ukraine
A collaborative project on “Evaluation of microstructural changes in steel used in
petrochemical industry by non-destructive techniques”.between NML, Jamshepur and
Ivano – Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Ivano – Frankivsk,
Ukraine was approved for implementation under the Indo-Ukrainian S&T Plan of
Cooperation.
UK
An MoU between CSIR / NIO and the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton,
UK for cooperation in the area of Ocean Science was granted approval.
USA
An MoU was signed between CSIR / CECRI and Ernest B Yeager Center for
Electrochemical Sciences of Case Western Reserve University (YCES), Cleveland for
cooperation in the area of Electrochemistry.
Vietnam
CSIR- VAST S&T Cooperation Working Programme for 2007-2009 CSIR has an
ongoing S&T collaboration Agreement with Vietnam Academy of S&T since 1989 and
the Working Programmes are signed after every two years. A six member delegation
from Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) visited CSIR from 31st
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 October-8 November, 2007 for discussing the possibilities of development of bilateral
scientific cooperation between CSIR and VAST. A new working programme for 3.7. Unit for
cooperation for the years 2007-2009 in the areas of such as medicinal and aromatic
plants, drug development, optical sensors, electronic material processing and
Dissemination (USD)
instrumentation was signed.
3.6.2 Multilateral Cooperation
European Union
Collaborative Project on “Action to Observe and Understand Different Approaches
(AOUDA)
CSIR has initiated a project on “Action to Observe and Understand Different
Approaches of Euro-Indian S&T cooperation” (AOUDA) under European Funding,
with partners from CNRS, France and other European agencies. The aim of the project
is to identify representative collaborative project with India to analyse them from the
European and Indian points of view on common criteria and thus understanding what
is perceived as successful on both sides. It is an opportunity to evaluate international
collaboration with India to prepare future research and technological development
policy activities.
Fellowship
Raman Research Fellowships (RRF) revised
Administrative and financial terms of the Raman Research Fellowships were revised to
make them attractive and more useful. This includes upward revision of fellowship
amount from US$ 1800/- to US$ 2500/- per month; increase in the number of slots
from 9 to 15 (Upto 60 man months); and a supplementary grant of US$ 1000 to each
Fellow for participation in Conferences / visiting institutions of excellence in country of
placement.
Eight CSIR scientists, one each from IICB, NCL, CSMCRI, NGRI, NAL and SERC and
two from NML were selected for the grant of Raman Research Fellowships for the year
2008-09.
Six CSIR scientists, one each from CGCRI, AMPRI, SERC, NML, CDRI and CSMCRI
availed the Raman Research Fellowship for the year 2007-08.
Human Resource Development
During the current year ISTAD processed the deputation 459 CSIR Scientists. Of these
257 were deputed to attend international conferences, 24 for fellowships, 115 under
Exchange Programmes, 23 on leave, 21 for Training programmes & 19 for Business
Development.
Partial Financial Assistance
342 applicants from academia and medical fraternity were awarded PFA to enable
them to attend International Conferences / Workshops / Seminars during the current
year.
95
The Unit for Science Dissemination is fully responsible for furthering favorable public
image of CSIR as a whole. During the year several image-building activities were
executed to achieve the overall objective.
Image Building through Print Media
Publicity Efforts
• Effective media relations helped in furthering result-oriented relationship with the
key press persons covering science in their respective dailies. Appropriate logistics
support was ensured to all of them to earn their confidence in this Unit; several
features/ stories were published with the support of inputs provided by this Unit.
• Press coverage was successfully organized during various important CSIR events
Advertising Efforts
• CSIR Award for S&T Innovations for Rural Development (CAIRD) – 2007;
• Diamond Jubilee Technology Awards - 2007;
• S S Bhatnagar Awards;
• CSIR Foundation Day – 2007.
• Released advertisement in special issues of several publications.
Image Building through Broadcast Media
Provided all technical help for the production of short films on CSIR achievements in
various theme areas. The following 11 films have been completed.
• Drugs for the Poor; Herbal Therapeutics; Indian Civil Aviation; Jai Jawan, Jai
Kissan, Jai Vigyan; Creating & Saving Jobs; National Drinking Water Security;
Disaster Mitigation; Civil Construction; Food Technology; Magic of Genes; TKDL
Three more films, namely, Chemical Technology, Environment, and IPR are in the final
stages of production.
Image Building through Interactive Media (Exhibitions, etc.)
CSIR participates in various national/international exhibitions and other related events
with two main objectives: (i) Creating awareness about CSIR and its achievements, and
(ii) Supporting its business development efforts.
• This important activity was consolidated and efforts were made to project, as far as
possible, an integrated picture of CSIR overall contribution to the theme areas of
each event through extensive coordination with the participating CSIR labs on one
side and the organizer of the event on the other.
• The Unit also coordinated CSIR participation in the following international
exhibitions:
Ø
India Pavilion at BIO (Biotechnology Industry Organisation, USA) 2007,
Boston, USA, 6-9 May 2007.
Ø
6th International Bio Expo, Tokyo, Japan, 20-22 June 2007.
Ø
BIO Korea-2007, COEX, Seoul, Korea, 12-14 September 2007.
Ø
Made in India Show, 20-23 November, 2008, Cairo, Egypt.
96
 • Assessment Interviews of scientists at the levels up to Ell numbering over 860 were
3.8. Recruitment organized for the scientists eligible for the year 2005-2006 in two phases during
& Assessment May to July 2007 and Sept to October 2007 in the areas of Engineering & Materials
Science; Physical, Earth & Environmental Sciences, S&T Management & Policy
Board (RAB) Studies, Biosciences & Biotechnology and Chemical Sciences & Chemical
Engineering. The meetings were held at 17 locations of CSIR including at RAB,
deploying about 600 external experts, 13 Co-chairpersons and 57 Departmental
members.
• A massive exercise of clearing three years piled-up backlog cases of scientists 'F'
ending 31 March, 2007 was accomplished for the first time through centralized
eligibility screening and peer review process at RAB. About 1300 cases (including
multiple chances) were screened during February-March 2007 short listing 497
scientists for peer review assessment to Scientist G position.
• Selection committees were constituted for recruitment requests received from 25
laboratories to fill up vacancies of Gr. (IV) Scientists.
• The second meeting of the Board was held on 24th December 2007 to seek
operational, procedural and policy level advice on human resource management
of CSIR.

DATELINE CSIR

97
 4.0 Dateline CSIR
April, 2007
3rd - 4th NISTADS: International Conference on Science and the
Humanities in the Knowledge Society: Indo-German Deliberations
on Research Policy. In collaboration with German Center for
Research and Higher Education in Delhi, India, held at India
International Centre, New Delhi
18th 2007 NAL: Inauguration of National Test Facility for Rolling Element
Bearings at NAL by Mr. M Natarajan, Scientific Adviser to Raksha
Mantri and Secretary, Department of Defence R&D, Ministry of
Defence, GOI, New Delhi. Dr K V Raghavan, Chairman, RAC,
DRDO, New Delhi and Former Director, IICT, Hyderabad was the
Guest of Honour.
16th -18th IIP: 18th National Symposium & Indo-US Seminar on Catalysis:
27th CCMB and NGRI: Visit of European Commission delegation on
Food, Agriculture & Biotechnology
May 2007
18th -19th CMERI: National Workshop on Condition Monitoring Organized
visited two labs and held discussions on many areas for joint
development.
June 2007
6th CCMB and NGRI: Georgia Institute of Technology administrators
delegation
11th -12th AMPRI : KISAN MELAS: INTERACTION MEET WITH FARMERS
Kisan Mela organized jointly by AMPRI, Bhopal, Fly Ash
Utilization Program (FAUP), TIFAC, New Delhi and Madhya
Pradesh Power Generation Corporation Limited (MPPGCL), Sarni
at Bakud village, Sarni, Betul District (M.P.) under ongoing project
“Demonstration trials in the Farmers Fields for the Popularization
of the Bulk use of pond ash in Agriculture”.
Kisan Mela was jointly organised by AMPRI, Bhopal, FAUP,
TIFAC, New Delhi and MPPGCL, Sarni, on September 18, 2007 at
Mordongari Village, Sarni, Betul District (M.P.).
15th NISTADS: Interaction Meet of Unorganized Sector of rural Artisans
with Development Agencies including Panchayats.
16th CCMB: Dr. Lorenz Ng and team from USA
18th IIIM:“One day Stakeholders Meet on Prospects of Medicinal Plant
Production in J&K State” at IIIM Branch Srinager.
22nd - 23rd CMERI: National Workshop on Development of Precision Ear
Mould

98
 July 2007
18th CMERI: Workshop on Effluent Treatment using Fly Ash-Prospects
& Potential.
August 2007
4th CDRI :Foundation Stone Laying Ceremony of New CDRI. Mr. Kapil
Sibal, Union Minister for Science and Technology, Government of
India laid the Foundation Stone of new CDRI at Lucknow.
September 2007
3rd -5th IIIM: In association with International Centre for Aromatherapy
ICARD, New Delhi, IIIM an International workshop on
Aromatherapy.
4th IMMT: IMMT Bhubaneswar and University of Saskatchewan,
Canada jointly organized the Indo-Canadian Workshop on
“Awareness and Implementation of Biodiesel Fuel in India” at
Bhubaneswar. The workshop was co-sponsored by Sastri Indo-
Canadian Institute, Canada.
5th -7th CMERI: Workshop on Quality Assurance & Product Development
17th -20th CMERI: National workshop on Investment Casting (NWIC – 2007)
26th CSIR: CSIR Foundation day was celebrated across the CSIR
laboratories. At Hqrs. The function was held at NPL. Hon’ble
Minister of S&T and Earth Sciences addressed the gathering. Prof.
P. Balaram, Director, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore,
delivered the foundation day lecture. Prof. M.S. Swaminathan,
FRS, Chairman, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation was the
Guest of Honour.
October 2007
9th CIMAP MINT-2007: Interface on Mint launched by Shri Jairam
Ramesh, Minister of State for Commerce, Govt. of India.
29th -2nd Nov. CGCRI : Five-day Short Course on Advanced Techniques for
Materials Characterization: Microscopy and Diffraction in
association with Materials Research Society of India(Kolkata
Chapter), Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, Indian
Association for Cultivation of Science, Kolkata and Bengal
Engineering and Science University , Sibpur(Howrah, West
Bengal) with CGCRI was the veneue of the programme.
24th – 26th NIIST: International conference on ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
COMPOSITES (ISAMC 2007).
30th Oct. CSIR: MoU singed between CSIR/NIO and Alfred Wegener
Institute for Polar & Marine Research, Germany for Cooperation in
the area of Marine Sciences.
November 2007
3rd CCMB : Shri. Kapil Sibal, Honourable Minister for Science &
Technology and Earth Sciences laid Foundation Stone for A)
Clinical Research Facility for stem cells and regenerative medicine
and B) National bio-safety level 4 containment facility for human
infectious diseases.
12th -13th IIIM: In collaboration with NCNPR, the University of Mississippi
(USA) “Indo_US Symposium on Botanicals” Ninty participants
from USA and India participated.
16th - 17th CEERI: National Conference on ‘MEMS, Microsensors, Smart
Materials, Structures and Systems’ organized under aegis of
‘Institute of Smart Structures and Systems (ISSS)
19th -20th CMERI: International Conference on Advanced Manufacturing
Technologies organized.
21st NISTADS: International Workshop on “The Atlas of Ideas: New
Geography of Science and Innovation”organized.
27th CCMB : Visit of Netherlands delegation (from Utrecht University)
Dr. Yvonne van Rooy and Prof. Frank Miedema
28th CCMB : Visit of French delegation Dr. Herve Raoul; Mr. K.J.
Pramod and Mr. Jerome Perrin
26th -29th NIIST: International Conference on New Horizons in
Biotechnology.
November CSIR: MoU singed between CSIR/NIO and the Leibniz Institute of
Marine Sciences, Kiel, Germany to cooperate in the area of Gas
Hydrate Science.
December 2007
6th – 8th CFTRI :77TH Annual Session and Symposium of National
Academy of Sciences, India
8th -10th NGRI :Symposium on Mathematical Modelling in Earth Sciences
with special emphasis on Seismology.
17th -18th IHBT: International Symposium on Viruses of Ornamental and
Temperate Fruit Crops organized at IHBT. Eighty Participants
participated in the programme.
18th NISTADS: Workshop on Public Health Economics and Third
World Concerns in Health Security
18th -21st CCMB : Visit of Parliamentary Standing Committee on S&T,
Environment & Forests visited CCMB on 18-12-07.
18th -21st CGCRI : 8th International Conference on Catalysis in Membrane
Reactors ( ICCMR8 ).

99 100
 January 2008
5th -7th CGCRI : UK-India Education and Research Initiatives(UKIERI)
Workshop on Microstructured Optical Fibres and Applications
held at CGCRI, Kolkata ; Jointly organised by IIT, Delhi & City
University, U.K Professor David Payne, FRS, Director,
Optoelectronics Research Centre, Southampton University
delivered a lecture on “High Power fiber laser and its
Applications”.
27th NAL: CSIR’s Prof. MS Thacker Memorial Tennis Tournament was
organised at NAL and many sister Laboratories participated.
28th MoU Signed between Ms Catherine Brechignac, President, CNRS,
and Prof. Samir K. Brahmachari, DG,CSIR for the creation of a Joint
Research Laboratory on Sustainable Chemistry at Interfaces.
31st CIMAP CIM-Utsav: Kisan Mela-2008.
February 2008
7th -8th, 2008 NGRI:International Workshop on Digital Geography Spatial
Technology in Geosciences.
13th -15th IMMT : The “National Workshop on Terafil Filtration Technology”.
The Workshop was sponsored by the Department of Drinking
Water Supply, Ministry of Rural Development, Govt of India.
18th -20th IMMT: IMMT organized the “National Workshop on Futuristic
ANNEXURES
Materials as Catalyst and Adsorbents” (CATWORKSHOP-2008)
under the auspices of Catalysis Society of India.
March 2008
10th 2008 NAL: MAV-08 -“1st US-Asian Demonstration and Assessment of
Micro-Aerial & Unmanned Ground Vehicle Technology”
organised jointly by National Aerospace Laboratories, Aerial
Delivery Research and Development Establishment (DRDO),
India and US Army RDECOM (International Technology Center -
Pacific).
14th -18th NGRI: First Indo-German workshop on Electromagnetic Induction
Studies for complex geological problems.
15th -16th CDRI: Annual conference of the Indian Society of Hypertension
and international symposium Atherosclerosis in Hypertension,
Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease
24th -25th NGRI: Indo-Russian ILTP Workshop on Man-made Triggered
Seismicity and Prospects of its Application for Earthquake control.
28th -1st CGCRI : International Conference on High-Tech Aluminas and
March Unfolding their Business Prospects (ALUMINAS 2008); Jointly
organised by CGCRI & Indian Ceramic Society, Kolkata

101
 ANNEXURE-I

CSIR Patent Applications filed and Patents CSIR Copyright Applications

Granted during 2007-2008 filed during 2007-2008
INTELLECTUAL India Foreign
PROPERTY FROM Filed Granted Filed Granted CMERI 5
AMPRI 2 7 0 0
CSIR CBRI 0 5 0 0
IICT 1
DURING 2007-08 CCMB 2 0 1 4 IMT 3
CDRI 13 5 15 8
CDRI+ 0 0 0 2 NAL 3
CIMAP
NML 2
CECRI 5 9 11 1
CEERI 1 7 0 0 14
CFTRI 24 28 5 37
CGCRI 7 30 0 10
CIMAP 1 7 4 18
CIMFR 11 22 1 10
CLRI 6 16 12 11
CMERI 3 8 5 3
CSIO 0 1 3 4
CSIR(SCH) 11 8 4 12
CSMCRI 7 3 40 26
IGIB 1 3 17 20
IHBT 1 2 11 10
IICB 7 1 5 6
IICT 22 26 28 35
IICT+IIIM 0 0 0 1
IICT+NGRI 0 0 0 1
IIIM 11 10 7 10
IIP 6 10 7 0
IMMT 9 12 0 2
IMT 1 1 12 5
ITRC 1 6 0 0
NAL 6 16 0 0
NBRI 5 0 1 22
NCL 10 79 29 28
NEERI 2 8 4 3
NEIST 5 11 1 1
NGRI 3 0 6 2
NIIST 6 13 7 7
NIO 2 11 8 14
NMITLI 4 0 5 0
NML 7 16 0 4
NPL 5 13 7 14
SERC(G) 0 1 0 0
207 395 256 331

A-1
 ANNEXURE-IA

S.NO. Patent No. Title Inventors 10. 0390NF2001 Herbal medicaments for Ray M, Pal R, Singh S,
FOREIGN PATENTS CCMB SG treatment of Khanna Nm
neurocerebrovascular
GRANTED TO 1. 0158NF2001 Universal primers to Verma Sunil
disorders
CN establish the identity of Kumar, Singh Lalji
CSIR animal parts and products 11. 0237NF2000 Linker based solid support for Wahajul Haq,
AU peptide and small molecule Seturam
2. 0039NF2001 DNA markers for assessing Sonti Rv, Jamir Y organic synthesis Bandhacharya Katti
ID seed purity and method of
using DNA sequences for 12. 0390NF2001 Herbal medicaments for Ray M, Pal R, Singh S,
UA treatment of Khanna NM
assessing seed purity
neurocerebrovascular disorders
3. 0007NF2003 Stable gene variants of lipases Rao; Nalam
CDRI+CIMAP
US Madhusudhana
(Andhra Pradesh, IN), 13. 0205NF1998 Formulation of Jain DC, Bhakuni RS,
Acharya; Priyamvada MY dihydroartemisinin for the Sharma RR, Kumar S,
(Andhra Pradesh, IN) control of wide spectrum of Dutta GP.
malaria
4. 0158NF2001 Universal primers to establish Verma Sunil Kumar,
AU the identity of animal parts Singh Lalji 14. 0205NF1998 Formulation of Jain Dc, Bhakuni Rs,
and products EP dihydroartemisinin for the Sharma Rr, Kumar S,
control of wide spectrum of Dutta GP.
CDRI malaria
5. 0222NF1997 Composition useful for the Girish Kumar Jain, CECRI
DE early diagnosis of visceral Suman Tiwari, Suman
leishmaniasis and a process Gupta, Jagdish 15. 0078NF2002 Solid state thermal synthesis Ramasamy;
JP of lithium cobaltate Chandrasekaran
for preparing the same Chandra Katiyar
(Tamil Nadu, IN);
6. 0560NF2002 Novel mercaptophenyl Sangita, Kumar A, Ariyanan; Mani
US naphthyl methane compounds Singh MM, Jain GK, (Tamil Nadu, IN);
and synthesis thereof Murthy PSR, Ray S Thiagarajan; Vasudevan
7. 0495NF2001 Substituted 1,2,4-trioxanes Singh; Chandan (Uttar (Tamil Nadu, IN);
PH useful as antimalarial agents Pradesh, IN); Tiwari; Ramaiyer; Gangadharan
and a process for the Pallvi (Uttar Pradesh, (Tamil Nadu, IN)
preparation thereof IN); Puri; Sunil Kumar CIMFR
(Uttar Pradesh, IN)
16. 0025NF2003 A process for the preparation Roy Sk, Ray SC, Dutta
8. 0030NF1996 1–(4–Arylpiperazine–1–y1) Neelima Sinha, Sanjay AU of a catalyst supported on P, Nandi LN, Yadav
EPB –3– (2–oxopyrrolidin/piperidin Jain, Anil Kumar titanium pillared clay, useful SN
–1–y1) propanes as therapeutic Saxena,Nitya Anand, form producing hetroaromatic
agents for hypertension, Ram Mohan Saxena, nitriles
ischemia, cardiovascular and Mangal Prasad Dubey, 17. 0080NF2002 A method of enhancing the Tiwari Kaushal
other adrenergic receptors Madhur Ray, EP purity of phenanthrene and a Kishore, Rao Sukuru
related disorders Gyanendra K. Patnaik, device therefor Ramakrishna, Thakur
deceased Sanjay Kumar, Banerji
9. 0495NF2001 Substituted 1,2,4-trioxanes Singh; Chandan (Uttar Som Nath
SG useful as antimalarial agents Pradesh, IN); Tiwari; 18. 0142NF2002 A system for prediction of gas Mall BK, Sohony RA,
and a process for the Pallvi (Uttar Pradesh, ZA production and unit heat Rao SRK, Basu SK,
preparation thereof IN); Puri; Sunil Kumar content of gas for coal Sen K
(Uttar Pradesh, IN) gasification using steam and air

A-2 A-3
 19. 0395NF2000 An improved process for the Rao SK, Ghosh SK, CFTRI
IR production of fly ash slurry Basu SK, Mall BK, 26. 0133NF2003 A process for high protein Ragu Saimanohar,
Verma SK, Singh G, SG nutritious baked snack food Rathinam Vetrimani,
Mazumdar S Krishna Rau Leelavathi,
20. 0104NF2001 Process for the production of Rao; Sukuru Punaroor. Haridas
US a plant growth stimulator from Ramakrishna (Jharkhand, Rao, Thekkar Ratnakar
fly ash IN), Ghosh; Swapan Prabhu, Vishweshwar
Kumar (Jharkhand, 27. 0118NF2003 A process for the preparation Madhugiri
IN), Singh; Gulab GB of high fibre biscuits Lakshminarayan
(Jharkhand, IN), Hazra; Sudha, Rathinam
Sushanta Kumar Vetrimani, Krishna
(Jharkhand, IN) Rau Leelavathi
21. 0166NF2002 A process for the preparation of Ray SC, Singh B, 28. 0102NF2003 Rosted and oleoresin flavored Rangasamy Baby Latha,
NZ a catalyst useful for conversion Maharaj S, Prasad H, CN nut formulation and a process Kodangala Keshava
of 3-& 4-cyanopyridines to Sarkar PK, Dutta P, thereof Bhat, Chittradurga
useful products Roy SK, Bandopadhyay Venkataram Raghavan
AK, Sen R 29. 0342NF2001 A process for the production Rani Bem, Pasha A,
22. 0009NF2003 A process for the preparation Samuel P, Maity S, EP of egg yolk antibodies for Karanth Ng, Rao RJ,
RU of a catalyst, useful for the Dasandhi YC, organochlorine insecticides Gowda P
production of hydrocarbons Mukherjee S, Maitra 30. 0423NF2001 A process for preparation of Raghavan B,
from synthesis gas SK PH sugarcane juice powder Ramalakshmi K, Borse
23. 0009NF2003 A process for the preparation Samuel P, Maity S, Bbr, Ramesh MN,
KR of a catalyst, useful for the Dasandhi YC, Prakash V
production of hydrocarbons Mukherjee S, Maitra 31. 0433NF2003 An improved process for the Tumkur Ramachandriah
from synthesis gas SK OA production of sediment free Shamala, Sirivara
24. 0166NF2002 Process for conversion of Ray; Subhash Chandra clarified fruit juice Venkataramiah
USB cyanopyridines to (Jharkhand, IN), Singh; Basavaiah, Gundu
nicotinamides and catalyst Baldev (Jharkhand, Jivaji Joshi
therefor, process for preparing IN), Prasad; Hiralal 32. 0485NF2002 Flavoured sugarcane juice in Raghavan B, Ramesh
said catalyst (Jharkand, IN), Sarkar; BR aseptic unit packs MN, Ramalakshmi K,
Prodyot Kumar Krishnamurthy N,
(Jharkhand, IN), Dutta; Badgujar PM, Prakash V
Pashupati (Jharkhand, 33. 0090NF2003 An improved chicken soup Nakkarike Manja
IN), Roy; Shyam US mix composition and a Bhatta Sachindra,
Kishore (Jharkhand, process for preparing the same Pathiram Zituzi Sakhare
IN) Bandyopadhyay; Puttaswamiah
Anup Kumar Puttarajappa, Narasimha
(Jharkhand, IN), Sen Rao Dittakavi
25. 0083NF2003 A feeding system Mukherjee A, Biswas 34. 0176NF2003 A process for the seperation Naveen Nagaraj;
RU S, Kumar M, Sahu SG, DE and recovery of polyethylene Chethana S; KSMS
Choudhary N, glycol (peg) spent aqueous Raghavarao
Choudhary A, Sen K two-phase system

A-4 A-5
 35. 0113NF2003 A process for preparation of Munna Singh Thakur, Chandrasekhar; (IN).
US thermostable enzyme Renusarath Babu N, Muraleedharan; (IN).
Vegesna, Naikankatte 43. 0485NF2002 Flavoured sugarcane juice in Raghavan B, Ramesh
Ganesh Karanth, And CN aseptic unit packs Mn, Ramalakshmi K,
Mysore Krishnamurthy N,
Anatharamaiah Kumar Badgujar PM, Prakash V
36. 0088NF2001 An improved process for the Haridas A, Majumdar 44. 0096NF2003 A process for preparation of Nagappa Gurusiddappa
EP preparation of protein S AU hypoglycemic foods and a Malleshi, Ushakumari
hydrolysate from legumes formulation thereof Rambahadur Singh,
37. 0423NF2001 A process for preparation of Raghavan B, Syed Zakiuddin Ali
MX sugarcane juice powder Ramalakshmi K, Borse 45. 0108NF2003 An improved process of Sathyagalam Ranganatha
Bbr, Ramesh MN, MX extracting chili (capsicum) Desikacharya Sampathu,
Prakash V oleoresin Madeneni Madhava
38. 0534NF2002 Continuous press for Murthy; Kestur Naidu, Halagur
US manufacturing biodegradable platesVenkatesh Bogegowda Sowbhagya,
(Karnataka, IN), Jarapla Pura Naik, and
Jayaprakashan; Nanjundaiah
Sankaramthadathil Krishnamurthy
Gangadharan (Karnataka, 46. 0172NF2003 A one step process for As Chauhan; PS Negi;
IN), Shivakumar; RU preparation of antibacterial RS Ramteke
Mahadevaiah (Karnataka, and antioxidant froction the
IN), Chakravarthi; unconventional parts of
Arugakeerthi seabuckthorn (hippophae
(Karnataka, IN) rhamnoides l.)
39. 0085NF2002 A process for improving the Susheelamma, Nugge, 47. 0360NF2003 A process for preparation of Nagappa
ID sensory quality of steamed Halli, ZA expanded finger millet Gurusiddappa
pudding containing defatted Sampathkumarachar; Malleshi, Ushakumari
soy flour. (IN).Asha, Mysore, Rambahadur Singh
Ramaswamy; (IN).Ravi, 48. 0116NF2003 An emulsifier composition for Pichan Prabhasankar,
Ramasamy; (IN).Bhat, CH cakes amd method for making Jyotsna Rajiv, Dasappa
Kodangala, Keshava; (IN). improved quality cakes thereof Indrani, and Gandham
40. 0342NF2001 A process for the production Rani Bem, Pasha A, Venkateswara Rao
DK of egg yolk antibodies for Karanth NG, Rao RJ, 49. 0361NF2003 A one step process for the Guddadarangavvanahally
organochlorine insecticides Gowda P GB preparation of antibacterial Krishnareddy
41. 0069NF2002 An improved process for the Singh I, Ramesh MN, fraction from the Jayaprakasha, Pradeep
UK preparation of ready-to-drink, Borse BB, Ramalakshmi unconventional parts of Singh Negi, Lingamollu
shelf stable sugarcane juice K, Raghavan B, cinnamomum zeylanicum Jagan Mohan Rao,
beverage Prakash V Kunnumpurath Kurian
42. 0536NF2002 A process for the prevention Sreekantayya, SA
CN of development of pacha taint Nagalakshmi; (IN). 50. 0094NF2003 A novel process for the Chinnaswamy Anandha
in ctc teas using antioxidants Lingamallu, Jagan AU encapsulation of garcinia Ramakrishnan,
Mohan, Rao; (IN). extract Guddadarangavvanahally
Nanjundaswamy, Krishnareddy

A-6 A-7
 Jayaprakasha, Bhabani 59. 0133NF2002 An improved process for Swamylingappa,
Sankar Jena, CN preparation of soya protein Bhagya [IN/IN];
Rajendrakumar concentrate with improved
51. 0524NF2003 Ragi bread formulation and a Dasappa Indrani, functional properties.
ZA process for preparing the same Jyotsna Rajiv, Ragu 60. 0534NF2002 A continuous bio-plate casting Murthy Kestur
Sai Manohar, CN machine useful for making Venkatesh;
Gandham articles useful for variety of Jayaprakashan
Venkateswara Rao purposes, particularly for Sankaramthadathi;
52. 0309NF1996 A high protein nutritive cereal Bhagya Swamilingappa, serving and/or holding food Shivakumar
MY based food composition and a Haridas Punaroor Rao, products Mahadevaiah;
process for the preparation of Vishweshwariah Chakravarthi
the food composition Prakash Arugakeerthi
53. 0534NF2002 A continuous bio-plate casting Murthy Kestur 61. 0101NF2002 Shortening based emulsifying Rajiv, Jyotsna [IN/IN];
SG machine useful for making Venkatesh; CN formulation for the preparation Centra
articles useful for variety of Jayaprakashan of cakes & its method
purposes, particularly for Sankaramthadathi; 62. 0517NF2003 Development of an integrated Ningaiah
serving and/or holding food Shivakumar TK small-scale pulse mill Ramakrishnaiah,
products Mahadevaiah; Vishwas Manoharrao
Chakravarthi Pratape, Hampapura
Arugakeerthi Venkatarama Iyengar
54. 0481NF2003 Rosemary herbal beverage Babasaheb Bhaskarrao Narasimha
GB powder and a process thereof Borse, Kulathooran CGCRI
Ramalakshmi, 63. 0342NF2004 A synergistic composition Nisha Biswas, Gour
Gurukuntla BD useful for making slow release Krishna Das
Sulochanamma, nitrogen free phosphorous, Mahapatra, Koushik
Bashyam Raghavan pottasium and sulfur oxide Ghosh
55. 0586NF2002 An improved process for the Srinivas P, glass and a process of making
CN stabilization of 2-acetyl- Sulochanamma G, glass therefrom
1-pyrroline, the basmati rice Raghavan B, Gurudutt 64. 0481NF2002 A process of making Chakrabarti OP, Maiti
flavourant KN biopreform from HS, Mazumdar R
56. 0101NF2002 Shortening based emulsifying RAJIV, Jyotsna [IN/IN]; monocotyledonous caudex
JP formulation for the preparation Centra plant stem suitable for liquid
of cakes & its method infiltration and gaseous
57. 0362NF2003 A process for the preparation Mysore Narayan Rekha, transportation processing of
EP of instant soup mix from indian Attar Singh Chauhan, materials
dill (anethum sowa) Ramesh Yadav Avula, 65. 0053NF2001 Process for making rare earth Bandyopadhyay T,
Manisha Guha, AU doped optical fiber Sen R, Bhadra SK,
Ramesh Shyam Dasgupta K, Paul MC
Ramteke 66. 0341NF2002 A synergistic composition for Debnath R, Sahoo R
58. 0342NF2001 A process for the production Rani Bem, Pasha A, US preparing high concentration
AU of egg yolk antibodies for Karanth NG, Rao RI, fullerene(c60)-glass and a
organochlorine insecticides Gowda P method for preparing the glass
in bulk monolith

A-8 A-9
 67. 0432NF2001 A process of making rare earth Ranjan Sen, Miss CIMAP
EPA doped optical fibre Minati Chatterjee, 73. 0318NF2002 A novel method for one pot Bhakuni Rs, Tewari A,
Milan Kanti Naskar, CN conversion of artemisinin into Singh T, Khanuja SPS
Mrinmay Pal, Mukul arteether
Chandra Paul, Shyamlal
74. 0235NF2002 Herbal disinfectants Khanuja SPS, Darokar
Kumar Bhadra, Kamal
MY compositions MP, Kumar TRS,
Dasgupta, Dibyendu
Shasany AK, Aggarwal
Ganguli, Tarun
Bandyopadhyay, KK, Ahmed A,
Aharon Gedanken Chaturvedi P, Gupta
VK, Krishna A, Singh
68. 0480NF2002 A process of making silicon- Chakrabarti OP, Maiti
AK, Bahl
DE silicon carbide ceramic using HS, Mazumdar R
biopreform derived from 75. 0031NF2004 Strain of Bacillus as a Sattar; Abdul (Lucknow,
monocotyledonous caudex US bioinoculant IN), Alam; Mansoor
plant stem (Lucknow, IN), Khaliq;
69. 0234NF2001 Apparatus for the preparation Bandyopadhya; Sibdas Abdul (Lucknow, IN),
USB of arsenic free water (West Bengal, IN), Khanuja; Suman Preet
Kundu; Dipali (West Singh (Lucknow, IN),
Bengal, IN), Roy; Kalra; Alok (Lucknow,
Somendra Nath (West IN), Samad; Abdul
Bengal, IN), Ghosh; (Lucknow, IN),
Bishnupada (West Shasany; Ajit Kumar
Bengal, IN), Maiti; (Lucknow, IN),
Himadri Sekhar (West Darokar; Mahendra
Bengal, IN) Pandurang (Lucknow,
70. 0076NF2003 Process for preparing improved Bandyopadhyay; 76. 0453NF2002 A process for one pot Bhakuni RS, Singh T,
US silicon carbide powder Siddhartha (West CN conversion of artemisinin into Kahol AP, Khanuja
Bengal, IN), Maity; artesunic acid and 10-esters SPS
Himadri Sekhar (West of dha
Bengal, IN 77. 0318NF2002 A novel method for one pot Bhakuni Rs, Tewari A,
71. 0432NF2001 A process of making rare earth Ranjan Sen, Miss DE conversion of artemisinin into Singh T, Khanuja Sps
AU doped optical fibre Minati Chatterjee, arteether
Milan Kanti Naskar,
78. 0358NF2000 Use of cow urine distillate Suman Preet Singh
Mrinmay Pal, Mukul
AUA (go-mutra) as bioenhancer of Khanuja, Sushil Kumar,
Chandra Paul,
antiineffective and anticancer Ajit Kumar Shasany,
Shyamlal Kumar
agents Jai Shankar Arya,
Bhadra, Kamal DA
Mahendra Pandurang
72. 0432NF2001 A process of making rare earth Ranjan Sen, Miss Darokar, Monika
KR doped optical fibre Minati Chatterjee,
Singh, Prach
Milan Kanti Naskar,
Mrinmay Pal, Mukul 79. 0540NF2001 Processes for enzyme and Sangwan RS, Sangwan
Chandra Paul, CN protein profilling in scented NS, Tyagi Br,
Shyamlal Kumar geranium (pelargonium sp.) Srivastava AK, Yadav U
Bhadra, Kamal DA Tissues

A-10 A-11
 80. 0358NF2000 Use of bioactive fraction from Khanuja; Suman Preet
USC cow urine distillate Singh (Lucknow, IN),
(`Go-mutra`) as a bio-enhancer Kumar; Sushil (Lucknow,
of anti-infective, anti-cancer IN), Shasany; Ajit
agents and nutrients Kumar (Lucknow, IN),
Arya; Jai Shankar
(Lucknow, IN), Darokar;
Mahendra Pandurang
(Lucknow, IN), Singh;
Monika (Lucknow, IN),
Sinha; Prachi (Lucknow,
IN), Awasthi; Soumya
81. 0358NF2000 Pharmaceutical composition Suman Preet Singh
ID containing cow urine distillate Khanuja, Sushil Kumar,
and an antibiotic Ajit Kumar Shasany,
Jai Shankar Arya,
Mahendra Pandurang
Darokar, Monika Singh,
Prachi Sinha, Soumya
Awasthi, Subhash
Chandra Gupta, Vivek
Kumar Gupta, Madan
Mohan Gupta, Ram
Kishore Verma, Sweta
Agarwal, Sunil
Balkrishna Mansing
82. 0460NF2001 A synergistic formulation Khanuja SPS, Chaturvedi
EP leading to enhancement of P, Agarwal KK, Ahmad
bio-activity of anti fungal agents A, Kumar Trs, Darokar
Mp, Shasany AK, Arya
JS, Kumar S
83. 0345NF1999 Screening method for selection Khanuja; Suman Preet
US2 of insect tolerant plants Singh (Lucknow, IN),
Shasany; Ajit Kumar
(Lucknow, IN), Dhawan;
Sunita (Lucknow, IN),
Darokar; Mahendra
Pandurang (Lucknow,
IN), Satapathy; Sarita
(Lucknow, IN), Kumar;
Tiruppadiripuliyur
Ranganathan Santha
(Lucknow, IN), Saikia;
Dharm
A-12
84. 0159NF1998 Plant test procedure to detect Kumar; Sushil (Lucknow,
USC natural, semi-synthetic, IN), Khanuja; Suman
synthetic compounds and Preet Singh (Ulan
physical stress factors through Pradesh, IN), Darokar;
expression of distinct responses Mahendra Pandurang
(Ulan Pradesh, IN),
Kumar;
Tiruppadiripuliyur
Ranganathan Santha
(Ulan Pradesh, IN),
Gangwar; Anita (Ulan
Pradesh, IN), Shasany;
Ajit Kumar (Lucknow,
IN
85. 0121NF2000 Formulation comprising thymol Suman Preet Singh
CN useful in the treatment of drug Khanuja, Suchi
resistant bacterial infections Srivastava, Ajit Kumar
Shasney, Mahendra
Pandurang Darokar,
Tiruppadiripuliyur
Ranganathan Santha
Kumar, Krishna Kumar
Agarwal, Ateeque
Ahmed, Nirmal Kumar
Patra, Prachi Sinha,
Sunita Dhawan,
Dharmendra Saikia,
Sushil Kumar
86. 0470NF2002 A process for the preparation Kahol AP, Singh T,
ID of an extract rich in bacosides Tandon S, Gupta MM,
from the herb bacopa monniera Khanuja SPS
87. 0208NF2003 Antimicrobial and anticancer Khanuja Suman Preet
GB propertiesof methyl beta Singh, Kumar
orcinolcarboxylate from lichen Tiruppadiripuliyur
(everniastrum cirrhatum) Ranganathan Santha,
Gupta Vivek Kumar,
Chand Preeti, Garg
Ankur, Sri
88. 0470NF2002 A process for the preparation Kahol AP, Singh T,
MY of an extract rich in bacosides Tandon S, Gupta MM,
from the herb bacopa monniera Khanuja SPS
89. 0208NF2003 Antimicrobial and anticancer
GBA propertiesof methyl beta Khanuja Suman Preet
orcinolcarboxylate from lichen Singh, Kumar
(everniastrum cirrhatum) Tiruppadiripuliyur
A-13
 Ranganathan Santha,
Gupta Vivek Kumar,
Chand Preeti, Garg
Ankur, Srivastava
Santosh Kumar, Verma
Subhash Chandra, Saiia
Dharmendra, Darokar
Mahendra Pandurang,
Shasany Ajit Kumar,
Pal Anirban
90. 0461NF2001 A method for the screening of Khanuja SPS, Srivastava
JP mycolic acid biosynthesis S, Kumar TRS, Shasany 95.
inhibitors AK, Darokar MP,
Awasthi S
CLRI
91. 0281NF2002 Process for lime and sulfide Rose; Chellan (Chennai,
US free unhairing of skins or IN), Suguna; Lonchin
hides using animal and/or (Chennai, IN), Rajini;
plant enzymes Raju (Chennai, IN),
Samivelu; Natesan
(Chennai, IN),
Rathinasamy; Veerapan
(Chennai, IN),
Ramalingam; 96.
Samayavaram (Chennai,
IN), Iyappan; Kuttalam
(Chennai, IN),
Parvathaleswara;
Thotapall
97.
92. 0306NF2002 Process for simultaneous Sreeram; Kalarical
US recovery of chromium and Janardhanan (Chennai,
iron from chromite ore IN), Ramasami;
processing residue Thirumalachari
Chennai, IN)
93. 0427NF2004 Apparatus for scum removal Ramanujam; 98.
US Ramamoorthy A.
(Tamil Nadu, IN),
Thirumaran; Krishnasami
(Tamil Nadu, IN),
Arumugam; Rajendran
(Tamil Nadu, IN)
94. 0075NF2005 Nano sized sulfide compounds Sreeram; Kalarical
US of cerium and a process for Janardhanan (Adyar,
the preparation thereof Chennai-600 020,
A-14
0253NF2004 Process for making wet-pink
US leather
0291NF2003 Process for the preparation of
USB aldehyde from a proteinous
source for industrial
applications
0335NF2004 Process for preparation of
US inorganic colorants from
mixed rare earth compounds
0373NF2003 Process for the preparation of
US poly (urethane-acrylic)
copolymer dispersion for
industrial applications
Tamilnadu, IN),
Shrivastava; Harinarain
Yamini (Adyar,
Chennai- 600 020,
Tamilnadu, IN), Nair;
Balachandran Unni
(Adyar, Chennai-600
020, Tamilnadu, IN),
Ramasami;
Thirumalachari (Adyar,
Chennai - 600 020
Chandrabose; Murugan
(Chennai, IN), Fathima;
Nishtar Nishad (Chennai,
IN), Sreeram; Kalarical
Janardhanan (Chennai,
IN), Rao; Jonnalagadda
Raghava (Chennai, IN),
Nair; Balachandran
Unni (Chennai, IN),
Ramasami;
Thirumalachari
(Chennai, IN)
Kanagaraj; James
(Adayar, IN), Rajakumar;
Gopala Suseela (Adayar,
IN), Sadulla; Sayeed
(Adayar, IN)
Kalarical; Janardhanan
Sreeram (Chennai, IN),
Nair; Balachandran
Unni (Chennai, IN),
Thirumalachari;
Ramasami (Chennai, IN)
Sundar; Saimani (Tamil
Nadu, IN), Narasimhan;
Vijayalakshmi (Tamil
Nadu, IN), Gupta;
Sanjeev (Tamil Nadu,
IN), Ranganathan;
Rajaraman (Tamil
Nadu, IN),
Radhakrishnan; Ganga
(Tamil Nadu, IN)
A-15
 99. 0313NF2003 A novel transposed process Subramani CSIO
ID for making leather Saravanabhavan, 105. 0457NF2001 Fiber optic temperature Singh N, Jain SC,
Palanisamy EP switching immersion probe Aggarwal AK
Thanikaivelan,
106. 0400NF2001 A new process for lowering Vijay Rajaram
Jonnalagadda Raghava
DE the martensitic transformation Harchekar, Madanlal
Rao, Balachandran
temperature (as) in the Singla
Unni Nair,
cu-zn-al (6%al) shape memory
Thirumalachari Ram
alloy for its utilization
100. 0306NF2002 A process for the simultaneous Sreeram KJ Ramasami
107. 0006NF2001 An improved antiglare device Chhabra DS, Rao PK,
PL recovery of chromium and Thirumalachari
KR for automobile useful during Sharma BD, Gupta SK,
iron from chromite ore
night driving Dodd DS, Singh V,
processing residues
Sharma S
101. 0018NF2002 A process for the preparation Kanthimathi M,
108. 0004NF2001 Improved semi-automatic pick Narasimham VML,
CN of a novel synthetic Thanikaivelan P, Rao
AU & place machine for assembly Bhatnagar R, Sharma
aluminium tanning agent JR, Nair BU,
components BD, Shravanakumar
Ramasami T
RR, Mediratta AK
CMERI
CSIR(SCH)
102. 0510NF2004 Orientation unit for a fruit Partha Bhattacharjee,
109. 0585NF2002 Prediction of cavity size in the Gupta; Govind Sharan
US sorting and grading machine Anjali Chatterjee,
packed bed systems using (Karnatka, I)
Rajesh Wasudeorao
new correlations and
Lanjeswar, Umesh
mathematical model
Shrikrishna Patkar,
Naryan Prasad 110. 0381NF2000 Process for the preparation of Subramanium A, Mani
Mukherjee JP olivine lithium nickel A, Vasudevan T,
phosphate composite Gangadharan R
103. 0241NF2000 A novel sewing machine for Singh Hardyal; Sehmby
AP decoratively stitching a cricket Surinder Singh; 111. 0433NF2001 Activated charcoal filter for Chatterjee IB
ball Mukherjee Narayan JP effectively reducing
Prasad; Balamurugan parabenzosemiquinone from
Gopalsamy; Datta the main stream cigaratte smoke
Uma; Roychoudhury 112. 0382NF2000 Process for the preparation Subramanium A,
Joydeb JP of libf4e Vasudevan T,
104. 0241NF2000 Sewing machine for Singh; Hardyal (West Gangadharan R
USB decoratively stitching a cricket Bengal, IN), Sehmby; 113. 0452NF2001 A solid state method for the Subramanian A,
ball Surinder Singh (West EP synthesis of lithium Vasudevan T,
Bengal, IN), Mukherjee; metaarsenate (liaso2) Gangadharan R
Narayan Prasad (West 114. 0452NF2001 A solid state method for the Subramanian A,
Bengal, IN), DE synthesis of lithium Vasudevan T,
Balamurugan; metaarsenate (liaso2) Gangadharan R
Gopalsamy (West 115. 0374NF2001 Solid state thermal synthesis of Subramanian A,
Bengal, IN), Datta; JP lithium hexafluorophosphate Vasudevan T,
Uma (West Bengal, Gangadharan R
IN), Roychoudhury;
116. 0028NF2004 Plant variety of catharanthus Kumar; Sushil (New
Joydeb (West Bengal
US roseus named `lli` Delhi, IN), Rai; Shashi
IN)

A-16 A-17
 Pandey (New Delhi,
IN), Kumar; Sanjay Rai
(New Delhi, IN),
Singh; Digvijay (New
Delhi, IN), Srivastava;
Suchi (New Delhi, IN),
Mishra; Raghvendra
Kumar (New Delhi, IN)
117. 0340NF2001 Method and system to build Namasivyam
AU optimal models of Gautham, Krishnan 122.
3-dimensional molecular Vengadesan
structures from knowledge
of their chemical structures
118. 0247NF2003 Plasmid encoding IAA and a Chopade; Balu Ananda
US method thereof (Pune, IN), Huddedar;
Shilpa Bhagavant
(Pune, IN), Shete;
Ashvini Mohnish
(Pune, IN), Tilekar; 123.
Jayant Narayan (Pune,
IN), Dhavale; Dilip
Dattatray (Pune, IN),
Gore; Sharad
Damodar (Pune, IN)
119. 0436NF2000 Isolation, characterization and Chatterjee IB 124.
JP mechanism of action of a new
hazardous component of
cigarette smoke: prevention
by ascorbic acid
120. 0143NF2002 Coluured nanolithography on Chowdhury D, Paul A, 125.
EP glass and plastic substrates Chattopadhyay A
CSMCRI
121. 0532NF2001 Process for the recovery of Vohra Rajinder Nath
IL low sodium salt from bittern (Gujarat, In); Ghosh
Pushpito Kumar
(Gujarat, In); Gandhi 126.
Maheshkumar
Ramniklal (Gujarat,
In); Joshi Himanshu
Labhshanker (Gujarat,
In); Deriya Hasina 127.
Hajibhai (Gujarat, In);
Dave Rohit Harshadray
(Gujarat, In); Halder
A-18
Koushik (Gujarat, In);
Majeethia Kishorkumar
Manmohandas (Gujarat,
In); Daga Sohan Lal
(Gujarat, In); Mohandas
Vadakke Puthoor
(Gujarat, In); Sanghavi
Rahul Jasvantrai
(Gujarat, in)
0333NF2000 Eco-friendly method of Gadde
EP preparation of high purity Ramachandraiah,
tetrabromobisphenol-a Pushpito Kumar Ghosh,
Aditya Shantilal Mehta,
Rajesh Popatlal Pandya,
Ashok Dahyabhai
Jethva, Sanjay
Shambhubhai Vaghela,
Sudhindra Nath Misra
0270NF2002 Integrated method for Eswaran K, Ghosh PK,
ID production of carrageenan Siddhanta AK, Patolia
and liquid fertiliser from fresh JS, Periyasamy C,
seaweeds Mehta AS, Mody KH,
Ramavat BK, Prasad K,
Rajyaguru Mr, Redd
0074NF2002 Process for the preparation of Sebastian Jince, Jasra
RU a molecular lieve adsorbent RV
for selectively adsorbing
nitrogen and argon from a
gaseous mixture with oxygen
0073NF2004 Low sodium salt of botanic Pushpito Kumar Ghosh,
RU origin Kalpana Haresh Mody,
Muppalla Parandhami
Reddy, Jinalal
Shambhubhai Patolia,
Karuppannan Eswaran,
0567NF2002 A novel device for estimation Ghosh PK, Majeethia
AU of brine density in solar salt KM, Gandhi Mr, Parmar
works from afar JN, Bhatt Am, Chauhan
SA, Mohandas VP,
Hamidani AU
0476NF2003 Process for the production of Dastidar; Parthasarathi
US glycine enriched NaCI crystals (Gujarat, IN), Ghosh;
with improved flow Pushpito Kumar
(Gujarat, IN), Ballabh;
A-19

128. 0489NF2002 An improved process for the
AU single pot synthesis of
2,4,4,6-tetrabromo -2,
5-cyclohexadienenone
129. 0026NF2004 Catalytic process for the
US preparation of epoxides from
alkenes
130. 0074NF2002 Process for the preparation of
IP a molecular sieve adsorbent
for selective adsorption of
nitrogen and argon
131. 0270NF2002 Integrated method for
CN production of carrageenan and
liquid fertiliser from fresh
seaweeds
132. 0435NF2001 A process for recovery of
AU common solt and marine
chemicals from brine in
integrated manner
133. 0196NF2003 Process for the preparation of
IP a molecular sieve absorbent
for the size/shape selective
seperation of air
Amar (Gujarat, IN), 134.
Trivedi; Darshak
Rameshbhai (Gujarat,
IN), Pramanik; Amitava
(Mumbai, IN), Kumar;
Velayudhan Nair 135.
Gopa (Mumbai, IN)
Bedekar AV,
Ramachanraiah G,
Ghosh PK
Khan; Noor-ul Hasan
(Gujarat, IN), Razi Abdi; 136.
Sayed Hasan (Gujarat,
IN), Kureshy; Rukhsana
Ilyas (Gujarat, IN),
Singh; Surendra (Gujarat,
IN), Ahmad; Irshad
(Gujarat, IN), Jasra;
Raksh Vir (Gujarat,
IN), Ghosh; Pushpito
Kumar (Gujarat, IN)
Sebastian Jince, Jasra 137.
RV
138.
Eswaran K, Ghosh PK,
Siddhanta AK, Patolia
JS, Periyasamy C, Mehta
AS, Mody KH, Ramavat
BK, Prasad K, Rajyaguru
Mr, Redd 139.
Rajinder Nath Vohra,
Pushpito Kumar Ghosh,
Vadakke Puthoor
Mohandas, Himanshu 140.
Labhshanker Joshi,
Hasina Hajibhai
Deraiya 141.
Jasra RV, Chudasama
CD, Sebastian J
0476NF2004 Process for the preparation of
US aldol derivatives from alkenes
using catalyst
0478NF2003 Improved process for
AU simultaneous recovery of
industrial grade pottasium
chloride and edible salt
enriched with kcl (low sodium
salt) from bittern
0333NF2000 An ecofriendly method of
DE preparation of high purity
tetrabromobisphenol
0246NF2002 A process for the recovery of
KR palladium from spent silica
0338NF2003 Process for the preparation of
US molecular sieve adsorbent for
selective adsorption of oxygen
from air
0338NF2003 Process for the preparation of Raksh Vir Jasra,
KR molecular sieve adsorbent for Chintasinh D
selective adsorption of oxygen Chudasama
from air
0447NF2002 An improved electrochemical
RU method for oxidation of
bromide to bromine
0532NF2001 Process for the recovery of
KR low sodium salt from bittern
Raksh Vir Jasra, Vivek
Kumar Srivastava, Ram
Sambhar Shukla, Hari
Chand Bajaj, Sharad
Durgashankarbhai Bhatt
Rajinder Nath Vohra,
Pushpito Kumar Ghosh,
Ashokkumar
Bhagvanjibhai
Kasundra, Himanshu
Labhshanker Joshi,
Rohit Harshadr
Gadde
Ramachandraiah,
Pushpito Kumar
Ghosh, Aditya
Shantilal Mehta,
Rajesh Popatlal Pandya,
Ashok Dahyabhai
Jethva, Sanjay
Shambhubhai Vaghela,
Sudhindra Nath Misra
Boricha Ab, Bajaj HC,
Jasra RV, Ghosh P,
Ghosh PK
Jasra; Raksh Vir (Gujarat,
IN), Chudasama;
Chintansinh
Dharmendrasinh
(Gujarat, IN)
Ramachandraiah G,
Ghosh Pk, Susarla
VKS, Vaghela SS
Vohra Rajinder Nath
(Gujarat, IN); Ghosh
Pushpito Kumar
(Gujarat, IN); Gandhi
Maheshkumar Ramniklal
(Gujarat, IN); Joshi

A-20 A-21
 Himanshu Labhshanker 144. 0374NF2002 An eco-friendly process for Raksh Vir Jasra, Beena
(Gujarat, IN); Deriya CN acylation of alkylated benzene Tyagi, Yogiraj
Hasina Hajibhai derivates Mansuklal Badheka
(Gujarat, IN); Dave 145. 0286NF2005 Catalytic epoxidation of Raksh Vir Jasra, Jince
Rohit Harshadray US styrene with molecular oxygen Sebastian
(Gujarat, IN); Halder using metal ion exchanged
Koushik (Gujarat, IN); zeolites
Majeethia Kishorkumar 146. 0243NF2003 An improved process for the Ramachandraiah G,
Manmohandas AU preparation of nonhazardous Ghosh PK, Adimurthy
(Gujarat, IN); Daga brominating reagent S, Bedekar Av, Shukla
Sohan Lal (Gujarat, DD
IN); Mohandas IGIB
Vadakke Puthoor 147. 0303NF2002 Rapid generation of enzyme Das RH, Nahar P
(Gujarat, IN); Sanghavi CN catalyzed reaction products
Rahul Jasvantrai 148. 0303NF2002 Rapid generation of enzyme Das RH, Nahar P
(Gujarat, IN) EP catalyzed reaction products
142. 0446NF2001 Process for generation of Rakesh Vir Jasra, 149. 0391NF2002 Novel use of pbpb as anti Ram A, Ghosh B,
JP preceipitated calcium carbonate Pravinchandra EP asthmatic agent Gangal SV
from calcium Mahasukhray Oza, 150. 0419NF2001 Novel primers for screening Brahmachari SK,
Rajesh Shantilal AU schizophrenia and a method Ranjana, Chitra, Salim
Somani, Jatin thereof Q, Jain S
Rameshchandra 151. 0408NF2004 Biological process for reducing Kumar; Rita (Delhi,
Chunnawala, Mrunal US chemical and biochemical IN), Tiku; Deepa K.
Vinodbhai Sheth, oxygen demand of pulp and (Delhi, IN), Sharma;
Vikram Vinodrai paper industrial effluent Poonam (Delhi, IN),
Thakkar, Yogiraj Kumar; Anil (Delhi,
Mansukhlal Badheka, IN), Chaturvedi;
Jayalekshmy Ayyer, Rekha (Delhi, IN)
Virendra Bhikabhai 152. 0231NF2001 Protein molecule useful for Singh; Yogendra
Patel, USA inhibition of anthrax toxin (Delhi, IN), Khanna;
143. 0285NF2005 Process for the preparation of Jasra; Raksh Vir Hemant (Delhi, IN)
US sodium silicate from Kimberlite (Gujarat, IN), Bajaj; 153. 0047NF2002 A biological process for colour Kumar R, Kumar A,
tailing Hari Chand (Gujarat, CN reduction of pulp and paper Tiku DK
IN), Somani; Rajesh effluent
Shantilal (Gujarat, IN), 154. 0391NF2002 Novel use of pbpb as anti Ram A, Ghosh B,
Mody; Haresh RU asthmatic agent Gangal SV
Mahipatlal (Gujarat, 155. 0170NF2002 A process for the isolation and Kumar R, Kumar A
IN), Chunawala; Jatin SE acclimatization of bacteria for
Rameshchandra lignin degradation
(Gujarat, IN), Ghelani; 156. 0060NF2003 A quick method for Nahar P, Bora U
Devendra Lalijibhai preparation of photoreactive
(Gujarat, IN), Ranpara; polymers and immobilisation
Hemal Narendr of biomolecules

A-22 A-23
 157. 0466NF2002 A rapid method for elisa Pradip Nahar, Utpal vinylphenol and related
RU procedure in a thermocycler Bora styrenes
158. 0161NF2002 Method of detection of SP-A2 Sarma; Puranam Usha 169. 0291NF2004 A mobile tea shoot Srigiripuram Desikachar
USC gene variants useful for (Delhi, IN), Madan; BD preconditioning device for Ravindranath, Garik
prediction of predisposition to Taruna (Delhi, IN), withering during black tea Dyva Kiran Babu,
aspergillosis Saxena; Shweta manufacture Arindam Kar, Pankaj
Delhi, IN) Kumar Maji
159. 0060NF2003 A quick method for Nahar P, Bora U 170. 0221NF2002 Substitute of acetosyringone- a Sandal I, Kaundal A,
EP preparation of photoreactive KE thermolabile caffeine fraction Bhattacharya DA,
polymers and immobilisation of tea leaves Ravindranath SD,
of biomolecules Gulati A, Ahuja Ps
160. 0064NF2000 A computer based method for Brahmachari, Kumar, 171. 0092NF2001 Gel processing and transfer Kumar S, Vyas D
KR identifying conserved invariant Samir [In/ EP device
peptide motifs 172. 0041NF2000 A simple, convenient mini Babu; Garikapati D.
161. 0170NF2002 A process for the isolation and Kumar R, Kumar A AR distillation apparatus for the Kiran (Pal)
CN acclimatization of bacteria for production of essential oils
lignin degradation and hydroids
162. 0485NF2003 A rapid procedure for Abhay Sharma 173. 0170NF2001 Microwave assisted rapid and Sinha AK, Dogra R,
EP screening of neuroactive CN economical process for the Joshi BP
substance preparation of substituted
163. 0466NF2002 A rapid method for elisa Pradip Nahar, Utpal phenylaldehydes from trans
EP procedure in a thermocycler Bora and cis-phenypropenes: a
commercial utilisation of toxic
164. 0047NF2002 A biological process for Kumar R, Kumar A,
cis-isomer
EP colour reduction of pulp and Tiku Dk
paper effluent 174. 0092NF2001 Gel processing and transfer Kumar S, Vyas D
AU device
165. 0061NF2003 Anti-hypertensive molecules Pasha; Santosh (New
US and process for preparation Delhi, IN), Pasha; 175. 0219NF2002 DDG mediated one step Sinha AK, Arya R
thereof Qadar (New Delhi, EP dimerisation of dihydro
IN), Hanif; Kashif product of toxic ß- asarone
(New Delhi, IN), rich acorus calamus oil
Pavar; Mahesh Chand towards formation of novel
(New Delhi, IN) neolignan 3-ethyl-2-methyl-3
(2''.4''.5''-trimethoxy) phenyl 1
166. 0171NF2002 A novel process for Kumar R, Kumar A
biobleaching of kraft pulp 176. 0083NF2002 Aescin: a new antiviral agent Singh, Bikram; (IN).
using defined bacterial ZA from indian horse chestnut Katoch, Meenu; (IN).
consortia (aesculus indica) Ram, Raja; (IN). Zaidi,
Aijaz, Asghar; (IN).
IHBT
IICB
167. 0083NF2002 Aescin: a new antiviral agent Singh, Bikram; (IN).
EP from indian horse chestnut Katoch, Meenu; (IN). 177. 0018NF2004 Herbal extract and compound Dey; Debleena
(aesculus indica) Ram, Raja; (IN).Zaidi, US lupinoside and its analogues (Kolkatta, IN), Mandal;
Aijaz, Asghar; (IN). as anti-diabetic type II drugs Swapan Kumar
from plant Pueraria tuberosa (Kolkatta, IN),
168. 0568NF2002 Microwave induced process Sinha AK, Joshibp, Mukherjee; Mohua
for the preparation to Sharma A (Kolkatta, IN), Pal;

A-24 A-25
 Bikash Chandra
(Kolkatta, IN), Biswas;
Tanushree (Kolkatta,
IN), Datta; Malabika
(Kolkatta, IN), Roy; Sib
Sankar (Kolkatta, IN),
Bandyopadhyay; Arun (K
178. 0258NF2002 Anti-peptic ulcer activity of Das; Pratap K.
USB an extract of a flower of (Kolkata, IN), Sahu;
Woodfordia fruticosa Niranjan P. (Kolkata,
IN), Banerjee; Sukdeb
(Kolkata, IN), Sett;
Suchandra (Kolkata,
IN), Goswami;
Suchandra (Kolkata,
IN), Bhattacharya;
Samir (Kolkata, IN)
179. 0018NF2004 A herbal extract and herein a Prof Samir
ZA lupinoside as potential Bhattacharya, Dr. B.C
anti-diabetic type ii drug from Pal, Dr.Arun
pueraria tuberosa Bandopadhyay, Dr.
Sib Sankar Roy, Mr.
Swapan KR Mandal,
Mr. B.B Giri, Ms.
180. 0364NF2000 Herbal composition for Bandyopadhyay;
USC treating CD33+ acute and Santu (Calcutta, IN),
chronic myeloid leukemia Roy; Keshab Chandra
and a method thereof (Calcutta, IN), Ray;
Mitali (Calcutta, IN),
Banerjee; Goutam
(Calcutta, IN), Pal;
Bikash Chandra
(Calcutta, IN), Biswas;
Tanusree (Calcutta,
IN), Bhattacharya;
Samir (Calcutta, IN)
181. 0365NF2000 Highly cost-effective analytical Dhar; Tarun K.
USB device for performing (Calcutta, IN), Pal;
immunoassays with ultra high Arindam (Calcutta, IN)
sensitivity
182. 0343NF2002 A herbal molecule as potential Santu
RU anti-leukemic drug Bandyopadhyay, Bikas
Chandra Pal, Samir
Bhattacharya, Keshab
Chandra Roy, Gautam
Bandyopadhyay
A-26
IICT
183. 0389NF2002 A novel porous vessel Fadnavis Nitin
US bioreactor for reactions with Wasantrao (IN);
immobilzed enzymes and Satyavathi Bankupalli
microbial cells (IN); Sheelu Gurrala (IN)
Kallakunta Vasantha
Madhuri (IN); Namani
Trishool (IN)
184. 0011NF2004 Recovery of sodium Sridhar Sundergopal,
MA thiocyanate from industrial Suryanarayana
process solution by membrane Murthy, Gorugant U,
based nanofiltration technique Suhanya Duraiswamy,
Smitha Biduru,
Ramakrishna
Machiraju
185. 0515NF2002 An improved process for the Choudary BM,
GB preparation of diltiazem using Chowdari NS, Madhi
a heterogeneous trifunctional S, Kantam MI
catalyst
186. 0538NF2001 An improved process for the Pardhasaradhi M,
KR preparation of ethyl 2, Kumaraswamy G, Das
3-dihydrobenzo [1,4] AK, Jena N, Nair CKS
dioxin -2- carboxylate
187. 0562NF2002 New alpha-glucosidase Rao Jm, Rao RJ,
EP inhibitors and their synthesis Kumar US, Reddy SV,
from a natural source Tiwari AK, Yadav JS,
Raghavan KV
188. 0452NF2003 Substituted Srinivasan; Palaniappan
dihydropyrimidinone (Hyderabad, IN), Rao;
preparation using polyaniline Vaidya J. (Hyderabad,
salt catalyst IN), Banda; Gangadasu
(Hyderabad, IN)
189. 0230NF2001 Process for the enhancement Saiprasad PS, Raghavan
EP of cycle-life of the zinc KV, Rao PK, Kulkarni
chromium based catalyst used Sj, Rao KN, Gopinath
in the synthesis of R, Farsinavis S,
2-methylpyrazine Meshram HM
190. 0202NF2004 Process for preparing Ittara; Suresh
US polyurethane polyol and rigid Kattimuttathu (Andhra
foams therefrom Pradesh, IN),
Sarangapani;
Kishanprasad Vadi
(Andhra Pradesh, IN)
191. 0440NF2002 Process for the preparation of Choudary BM
GB metal acetylacetonates
A-27
 192. 0252NF2001 (-)-Secoisolariciresinol as an Rao Jm, Tiwari AK, Santhosh G,
CN antioxidant obtained from a Kumar US, Yadav JS, Ramaswamy R, Ninan
new natural source namely Raghavan KV KN, Sastri
stereospermum personatum 199. 0307NF2001 Process for in situ synthesis of Prasad PSS, Raghavan
193. 0317NF1999 A method for preparation of Ramakrishna; Sonti EP supported heteropoly acids KV, Suryanarayana I,
US stable and reusable biosensing Venkata (Andhra and salts thereof Rao KN, Lakshmi CS,
granules useful for assessing Pradesh, IN), Mohan; Kumar MS, Reddy KB
the biotreatability of effluents Srenivasulureddy 200. 0030NF2002 Process for the preparation of Kulkarni SJ, Srinivasu
Venkata (Andhra EP zsm-5 catalyst P, Narender N,
Pradesh, IN), Prakasham; Raghavan KV
Reddy Shetty (Andhra
201. 0065NF2002 Cationic amphiphiles for Kumar; Majeti Bharat
Pradesh, IN), Komaraiah;
US intracellular delivery of (Hyderabad, IN),
Palle (Andhra Pradesh,
therapeutic molecules and its Chaudhuri; Arabinda
IN), Raghavan;
composition, process and (Hyderabad, IN),
Kondapuram Vijaya
method of treatment Ramadas; Yerramsetti
(Andhra Pradesh, IN)
(Hyderabad, IN), Rao;
194. 0253NF2001 Arytetralin as antioxidant from Rao JM, Tiwari AK, Nalam Madhusudhana
KR a natural source Kumar US, Yadav JS, (Hyderabad, IN)
Raghavan KV
202. 0065NF2002 An improved process for the Kumar MB, Chaudhuri
195. 0444NF2002 Layered double hydroxides Choudary BM, Sateesh EP synthesis of novel cationic A, Ramadas Y, Rao
supported nanopalladium M, Chowdari NS, amphiphiles for intracellular NM
catalysts for heek-, suzuki-, Kantam MI, Sreedhar delivery of therapeutic
sonogashira-, and stille type B molecules.
coupling reactions of
203. 0146NF2000 A novel method for Vijaya Kumar Dadala,
haloarenes
MX chromatographic finger Kondapuram Vijaya
196. 0169NF2002 Process for the preparation of Reddy VV, Reddy Mjr, printing and standardization Raghavan
EP diazonaphthoquininesulfonyl Rao VJ of single medicines and
chlorides using diphosgene formulations
and triphosgene
204. 0388NF2002 A process for preparation of Palaniappan;
197. 0440NF2002 Process for making metal Chaudhuri; Mihir Kanti CN polyaniline salt using maleic Srinivasan (Hyder
US acetylacetonates (Assam, IN), Dehury; acid
Sanjay Kumar (Assam,
205. 0146NF2000 A novel method for Vijaya Kumar Dadala,
IN), Dhar; Siddhartha
ID chromatographic finger Kondapuram Vijaya
Sankar (Assam, IN),
printing and standardization Raghavan
Bora; Upasana (Assam,
of single medicines and
IN), Choudary;
formulations
Boyapati Manoranjan
(Andhra Pradesh, IN), 206. 0146NF2000 A novel method for Vijaya Kumar Dadala,
Mannepalli Lakshmi CN chromatographic finger Kondapuram Vijaya
Kantam (Andhra printing and standardization Raghavan
Pradesh, IN) of single medicines and
formulations
198. 0039NF2002 An ecofriendly process for the Choudary BM, Kantam
JP preparation of dinitramidic Ml, Ratnam KJ, 207. 0334NF2005 Pyrrolo[2,1-c] Kamal; Ahmed
acid and salts by metal ion Vijayakumar K, Sridhar US [1,4]benzodiazepine (Hyderabad, IN), Babu;
exchanged clay catalysts C, Venkatachalam S, compounds and processes for Ankati Hari (Hyderabad,
the preparation thereof IN), Ramana; Adhi

A-28 A-29
 Venkata (Hyderabad, 216. 0251NF2001 Substituted furan as Rao JM, Tiwari AK,
IN), Bharathi; Earla EP antioxidant from a natural Kumar US, Yadav JS,
Vijaya (Hyderabad, IN) source Raghavan KV
208. 0011NF2004 Recovery of sodium Sridhar; Sundergopal 217. 0028NF2002 Process for the preparation of Palaniappan S,
US thiocyanate from industrial (Hyderabad, IN), JP polyaniline salts Amarnath CA
process solution using Gorugantu; IICT+IIIM
nanofiltration technique Suryanarayana Murthy
218. 0439NF2001 Herbal chemical composition Rao; Janaswamy
(Hyderabad, IN),
USB for the treatment of cancer Madhusudana
Duraiswamy; Suhanya
(Hyderabad, IN);
(Hyderabad, IN),
Srinivas; Pullela
Biduru; Smitha
Venkata (Hyderabad,
(Hyderabad, IN),
IN); Yadav; Jhillu
Machiraju; Ramakrishna
Singh (Hyderabad, IN);
(Hyderabad, IN)
Raghavan; Kondapuram
209. 0436NF2002 New non-cross-linking pyrrolo Kamal A, Ramesh G, Vijaya (Hyderabad, IN);
RU [2,1-c] [1,4] benzodiazepines Srinivas O, Ramulu P Saxena; Ajit Kumar
useful as potential anti-cancer (Jammu, IN);
agents Shanmugavek; Mutiah
210. 0182NF2000 Process for preparation of Ananda Kumar (Jammu, IN); Kampasi;
JP malononitrile Bandyopadhyay, Himani (Jammu
Khathija Aziz, Pravin IICT+NGRI
Raybaji Likhar, Boyapati
219. 0523NF2002 Method for adsorption and Parthasarathy;
Manoranjan Choudary
USB reduction of hexavalent Gopalakrishnarao
211. 0030NF2002 Process for the preparation of Kulkarni SJ, Srinivasu chromium by using (Hyderabad, IN),
JP zsm-5 catalyst P, Narender N, ferrous-saponite Sreedhar; Bojja
Raghavan KV (Hyderabad, IN),
212. 0262NF2000 A process for the preparation Thengumpillil Narayana Choudhary; Boyapati
CA of alkyl esters from commercial Balagopala Kaimal, Manoranjan
lactic acid Penumarthy (Hyderabad, IN)
Vijayalakshmi, Bandi IIIM
Ramalinga, Ayyagari
220. 0294NF1999 8-(c-ß-d-glucopyranosyl)-7, Maurya; Rakesh
Ananta Laxmi
JP 3, 4-trihydroxyflavone (Jammu, IN); Handa;
213. 0286NF2002 A process for the preparation Rao KR, Bhanumathi Sukhdev Swami
EP of inclusion complexes of N, Yadav JS, (Jammu, IN); Singh;
rifampicin, an anti-tubercular Krishnaveni NS Rajinder (Jammu, IN)
drug,, with ß-cyclodextrin and
221. 0005NF2002 Novel chemo-enzymatic Taneja SC, Sethi VK,
2-hydroxy propyl-ß -
CN synthesis of optically enriched Koul S, Andotra SS,
cyclodextrin
rose-oxides Qazi GN
214. 0146NF2000 A novel chromatographic Vijaya Kumar Dadala,
222. 0189NF2002 Hepatoprotective activity of Anil Prabhakar, Bishan
KP finger pringing of herbal Kondapuram Vijaya
US 2'-p- hydroxy benzoyl Datta, Krishan Avtar
medicines & formulation Raghavan
mussaenosidic acid Suri, Naresh Kumar
215. 0252NF2001 (-)-Secoisolariciresinol as an Rao Jm, Tiwari AK, Satti, Swadesh Malhotra,
KR antioxidant obtained from a Kumar US, Yadav JS, Rakesh Kamal Johri,
new natural source namely Raghavan KV Bupinder Singh Jaggi,
stereospermum personatum Bal Krishan Chandan,

A-30 A-31
 Ashok Kumar Sharma, A. K. (Jammu, IN);
Devinder Kumar Gupta, Chandan; Bal Krishan
Bal Krishan Kapahi, (Jammu, IN); Handa;
Kasturi Lal Bedi, Om Sukhdev
Prakash Suri, Ghulam IMMT
Nabi Qazi
230. 0167NF2002 Simple and efficient process Mazumder;
223. 0324NF2000 Novel substituted aryl Taneja; Subhash US for the preparation of pencil Bimanranjan (Orissa,
USB alkenoic acid heterocyclic Chandra (Jammu, IN),
lead from spent pot-liners IN)
amides Koul; Surrinder (Jammu),
IN), Koul; Jawahir Lal 231. 0264NF2002 A process for cold briquetting Nayak B, Misra VN
(Jammu, IN), Moza; DE and pelletisation of ferrous and
Beenu (Jammu, IN), non-ferrous ores and mineral
Handa; Sukhdev fines by iron bearing hydraulic
Swami (Jammu, IN) mineral binder for
metallurgical application
224. 0292NF2002 New plant based agents as Qazi GN, Bedi KI,
EP bioavailability/bioefficacy Johri RK, Sharma SC, IMT
enhancers for drugs and Tikoo MK, Tikoo AK, 232. 0268NF2002 A novel method for the Rajamohan G, Dahiya
nutraceuticals Abdullah St, Singh K, ZA oxygen regulated production M, Pathania R, Dikshit
Pandita R, Suri OP, of recombinant staphylokinase KI
Gupta BD, Suri KA, and its derivatives useful for
Satti NK thrombolytic therapy
225. 0148NF2003 A process for topotecan from Puri SC, Handa G, 233. 0336NF1998 Nucleic acid molecules Sahni; Girish (Union
EP 10-hydroxy-4-(s)-comptothecin Dhar KI, Suri OP, USB encoding clot-specific Territory of Chandigarh,
Qazi GN streptokinase fusion proteins IN), Kumar; Rajesh
226. 0213NF2003 A potential hepatoprotective Qazi GN, Suri OP, possessing altered plasminogen (Union Territory of
EP agent of plant origin Bedi KI, Suri KA, activation characteristics Chandigarh, IN), Roy;
Gupta BD, Jaggi BS, Chaiti (Union Territory
Kapahi BK, Satti NK, of Chandigarh, IN),
Amina M, Chandan Rajagopal; Kammara
BK, Sharma N, Singh G (Union Territory of
227. 0397NF1999 Process for isolation of Mundkinajeddu; Chandigarh, IN),
JP eupalitin from boerhavia Deepak (Jammu, Nihalani; Deepak
diffusa (Union Territory of
228. 0148NF2003 A process for topotecan from Puri SC, Handa G, Chandigarh,
CN 10-hydroxy-4-(s)-comptothecin Dhar KI, Suri OP, 234. 0169NF2001 The vaccine for the treatment Agrewala JN, Sharma
Qazi GN PH of tuberclulosis and other N
229. 0089NF1999 Isolation of a bioactive fraction Suri; J. L. (Jammu, IN); intracellular infectious diseases
CN mainly containing iridoid Banerjee; S.K. (Jammu, 235. 0314NF1996 Process for the isolation of a Thungapathra
glucosides from burleria IN); Taneja; Subhash ` JP nontoxinogenic vibro cholerae Muthukumarappa,
prionitie linn Chandra (Jammu, IN); strain and a process for Amit Ghosh, Charu
Anand; A. S. (Jammu, preparing cholera vaccine from Sharma, Naveen Gupta,
IN); Prabhakar; Anil said vibrio cholerae strain Asish Mukhopadhyay,
(Jammu, IN); Jaggi; Hemanta Kole, Gopinath
Bupinder Singh Balakrish Nair, Ranajit
(Jammu, IN); Saxena; Kumar Ghosh

A-32 A-33
 236. 0294NF2000 A process for high cell density Vinay Venkatrao Vyas, 244. 0330NF2001 Fermented herbal health drink Pushpangadan; Palpu
ZA fermentative production of Govindan Rajamohan, RU from plant andrographis (Lucknow, IN);
intercellular recombinant Ramandeep, Kanak Mehrotra; Shanta
streptokinase Lata Dikshit (Lucknow, IN); Rawat;
NBRI Ajay Kumar Singh
237. 0237NF2003 A method for inducing Tuli R, Kumar M (Lucknow, IN);
ZA synchronisation during Khatoon; Sayyada
somatic embroyogenesis in (Lucknow, IN);
plant tissue culture Srivastava; Sharad
238. 0077NF2001 A process for preparation of Pushpangadan Palpu; Kumar (Lucknow, IN);
FRB herbal colours useful for Mehrotra Shanta; Rastogi; Subha
cosmaceutical applications Rawat Ajay Kumar (Lucknow, IN);
Singh; Khatoon Chaubay; Manjoosha
Sayyada; Govindarajan (Lucknow, IN);
Raghavan Agnihotri; Ada
239. 0250NF2003 Artificial bidirectional Tuli; Rakesh (New 245. 0165NF2002 A novel d-endotoxin protein Rajesh Tuli,
US promoter for activation of Delhi, IN), Vishwanath; EP improved for insecticidal Pradhyomna Kumar
gene expression Sawant Samir (New
activity and host range and a Singh, Samir V Sawant,
Delhi, IN), Chaturvedi;
gene for its high level Chandra Prakash
Chandra Prakash
expression in plants Chaturvedi
(New Delhi, IN),Kiran;
Kanti (New Delhi, IN), 246. 0573NF2002 Development of anticough, Pushpangadan P,
Mehrotra; Rajesh CN anti-tissive and throat soothing Govindarajan R,
(New Delhi, IN) herbal formulations Nijayakumar M,
240. 0573NF2002 Development of anticough, Pushpangadan P, Mehrotra S, Rawat
EP anti-tissive and throat soothing Govindarajan R, AKS, Rao CV
herbal formulations Nijayakumar M, 247. 0474NF2003 Herbal oro-dental care Pushpangadan; Palpu
Mehrotra S, Rawat US composition and process for (Uttar Pradesh, IN),
AKS, Rao CV preparing the same Rao; Chandana
241. 0574NF2002 Antiulcer herbal composition Pushpangadan P, Rao Venkateswara (Uttar
RU CV, Radhakrishnan, Pradesh, IN), Ojha;
Govindarajan R, Sanjeev Kumar (Uttar
Mehrotra S Pradesh, IN), Nair;
242. 0381NF2004 Herbal nutritious chocolate Palpu Pushpangadan, Kuttan Pillai Narayanan
US formulation and process for Ajay Kumar Singh (Uttar Pradesh, IN),
preparation thereof Rawat, Chandana Pandey; Madan Mohan
Venkateswara Rao,
(Uttar Pradesh, IN),
Sanjeev Kumar Ojha,
Rawat; Ajay Kumar
Gaddam Dayanand
Singh (Uttar Pra
Reddy
248. 0250NF2003 An artificially designed dna Tuli R, Vishwanath Ss,
243. 0165NF2002 A novel d-endotoxin protein Rajesh Tuli,
ID improved for insecticidal Pradhyomna Kumar AU sequence for activation of Chaturvedi Cp, Kiran
activity and host range and a Singh, Samir V Sawant, gene expression and K, Mehrotra R
gene for its high level Chandra Prakash regulation of transcription in
expression in plants Chaturvedi both directions

A-34 A-35
 249. 0070NF2003 Synergistic fermented plant Nautiyal, Chandra, 256. 0473NF2003 Anti-arthritic herbal Palpu; Puchpangadan
US growth promoting, bio-control Shekhar [IN/IN]; US composition and method (Lucknow, IN),
composition National Botanical thereof Venkateswara; Rao
Research Institute, Chandana (Lucknow,
Rana Pratap Marg, IN), Raghavan;
P.B. No.436, Govindarajan
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (Lucknow, IN), Kumar;
226 001 (IN). Mehta, Ojha Sanjeev (Lucknow,
Sangeeta [IN/IN]; IN), Singh; Rawat Ajay
National Botanical Kumar (Lucknow, IN),
Research Institute, Dayanand; Reddy
Rana Pratap Marg, Gaddam (Lucknow,
P.B. No.436, Lucknow, IN), Shanta; Mehrotra
Uttar Pra (Lucknow, IN)
250. 0250NF2003 An artificially designed dna Tuli R, Vishwanath SS, 257. 0575NF2002 Herbal composition for cuts, Pushpangadan; Palpu
ZA sequence for activation of Chaturvedi CP, Kiran US burns and wounds (Uttar Pradesh, IN),
gene expression and K, Mehrotra R Mehrotra; Shanta
regulation of transcription in (Uttar Pradesh, IN),
both directions Rawat; Ajay Kumar
Singh (Uttar Pradesh,
251. 0573NF2002 Development of anticough, Pushpangadan P,
IN), Rao; Chandana
RU anti-tissive and throat soothing Govindarajan R,
Venkateswara (Uttar
herbal formulations Nijayakumar M,
Pradesh, IN), Ojha;
Mehrotra S, Rawat
Sanjeev Kumar (Uttar
AKS, Rao CV
Pradesh, IN), Aziz;
252. 0250NF2003 An artificially designed dna Tuli R, Vishwanath SS, Irfan (Uttar Pradesh, IN)
KR sequence for activation of Chaturvedi CP, Kiran 258. 0382NF2004 Anti-allergic herbal Palpu; Pushpangadan
gene expression and K, Mehrotra R US formulation (Lucknow, IN), Rao;
regulation of transcription in Chandana
both directions Venkateswara (Lucknow,
253. 0077NF2001 A process for preparation of Pushpangadan Palpu; IN), Rawat; Ajay
SG herbal colours useful for Mehrotra Shanta; Kumar Singh (Lucknow,
cosmaceutical applications Rawat Ajay Kumar IN), Ojha; Sanjeev
Singh; Khatoon Sayyada; Kumar (Lucknow, IN),
Govindarajan Raghavan Reddy; Gaddam
254. 0237NF2003 A method for inducing Tuli R, Kumar M Dayanand (Lucknow, IN)
KR synchronisation during NCL
somatic embroyogenesis in 259. 0064NF2002 Process for production of Bokade; Vijay Vasant
plant tissue culture US cumene (Maharashtra, IN),
255. 0472NF2003 Antihyperlipidemic and Palpu Pushpangadan, Kharul; Ulhas
GB slimming herbal Padmavathi Sreedevi, Kanhaiyalal
composition(s) Shanta Mehrotra, (Maharashtra, IN)
Chandana 260. 0288NF2003 Novel antiozonant based on Shailendra Singh
Venkateswara Rao, US functionalized benzotriazole Solanky, Shrojal
Sanjeev Kumar Ojha, uv absorbers and the process Mohitkumar Desai,
Raghavan Govind for the preparation thereof Raj Pal Singh

A-36 A-37
 261. 0289NF2004 A process for the preparation Raj Madhukar butenediol Chandrashekhar
of mixture of alcohols and Deshpande, Vilas Hari Vasant Rode,
ketones by liquid phase Rane, Raghunath Rengaswamy
oxidation of higher alkanes Vitthal Chaudhari Jaganathan, Manisha
262. 0241NF2003 Immobilized metal complex Chaudhari; Raghunath Madhukar Telkar,
USA catalysts, process for Vitthal (Maharashtra, Vilas Hari Rane
preparation thereof and use IN), Sarkar; Bibhas 269. 0213NF1999 Process for the conversion of Raghunath Vitthal
thereof Ranjan (Maharashtra, EP 1,4 butynediol to 1,4 Chaudhari,
IN), Mukhopadhyay; butenediol Chandrashekhar
Kausik (Maharashtra, Vasant Rode,
IN) Rengaswamy
263. 0385NF2001 An improved process for the Patra CR, Kumar R Jaganathan, Manisha
EP production of dimethylcumenes Madhukar Telkar,
264. 0310NF2004 RS 1-{4-[2-(allyloxy)-ethyl] Joshi; Ramesh Anna Vilas Hari Rane
US phenoxy}-3-isopropylamino (Maharashtra, IN), 270. 0011NF2001 Process for the preparation of Ashutosh Anant
propan-2-ol, process for Murugan; Muthukrishnan JP polyesters Kelkar, Shrikant
preparation thereof and (Maharashtra, IN), Madhukar Kulkarni,
process for preparation of RS Garud; Dinesh Raghunath Vitthal
betaxolol Ramesh (Maharashtra, Chaudhari
IN), Borikar; Sanjay
Pandurang (Maharashtra, 271. 0435NF2000 A novel catalytic formulation Chaudhari Raghunah
IN), Gurjar; Mukund KR and its preparation Vitthal, Mahajan
Keshav (Maharashtra, IN) Avinash Narendra
265. 0020NF2004 Bile acid derived steroidal Salunke; Deepak 272. 0404NF2003 Ph sensitive polymer for Kulkarni; Mohan
US dimers with novel amphiphilic Bhalchandra US inhibiting transformation in Gopalkrishna
topology having antifungal (Maharashtra, IN), drugs (Maharashtra, IN),
activity Hazra; Braja Gopal Menjoge; Anupa
(Maharashtra, IN), Ramesh (Maharashtra,
Pore; Vandana Sudhir IN)
(Maharashtra, IN), 273. 0363NF2005 Process for the preparations Madhukar; Deshpande
Deshpande; Mukund US of a mixture of alcohols and Raj (Maharashtra, IN),
Vinayak (Maharashtra, ketones Hari; Rane Vilas
IN), Nahar; Pallavi (Maharashtra, IN),
Balaram (Maharashtra, Vithal; Chaudhari
IN) Raghunath
266. 0456NF2003 Nucleated polyolefins and Vernekar; Subhash (Maharashtra, IN)
US preparation thereof Pundlik (Pune, IN), 274. 0377NF1997 Process for the preparation of Lalgudi Srinivasan
Chellaswamy; Ramesh EP polyurethane spherical partical Ramanathan,
(Pune, IN), Sivaram; Swaminathan Sivaram
Swaminathan (Pune, IN)
275. 0224NF2004 Method for production of Choudhary; Vasant
267. 0288NF2003 Novel antiozonant based on Shailendra Singh
US hydrogen peroxide with Ramchandra (Pune,
EP functionalized benzotriazole Solanky, Shrojal
improved yield and selectivity IN), Samanta; Chancal
uv absorbers and the process Mohitkumar Desai,
by direct oxidation of (Pune, IN), Jana;
for the preparation thereof Raj Pal Singh
hydrogen over palladium Prabhas (Pune, IN)
268. 0213NF1999 Process for the conversion of Raghunath Vitthal containing catalyst
JP 1,4 butynediol to 1,4 Chaudhari,

A-38 A-39
 276. 0201NF2003 An improved catalytic process Kumar R, Joshi PN, 285. 0435NF2000 A novel catalytic formulation Chaudhari Raghunah
EP for the production of pyridine Chaphekar GM, CN and its preparation Vitthal, Mahajan
and picolines Niphadkar PS, Avinash Narendra
Agarwal A, Verma PK, 286. 0059NF1997 Process for the preparation of Swaminathan Sivaram,
Singh KS EP a magnesium halide supported Soumen Sensarma
277. 0235NF2004 Coating compositions for Anupa Ramesh metallocene catalyst
US bitterness inhibition Menjoge, Mohan NEERI
Gopalkrishna Kulkarni 287. 0184NF1997 Process for the synthesis of Sadhana Rayalu, Nitin
278. 0064NF2002 An improved process for Bokade VV, Kharul DE flyash based zeolite-y Kumar Labhasetwar,
AU preparation of cumene UK Purushottam Khanna
279. 0404NF2003 Taste masked pharmaceutical Mohan Gopalkrishna 288. 0056NF1997 Process for the production of Sadhana Rayalu, Nitin
AU compositions comprising a ph Kulkarni, Anupa DE flyash Kumar Labhasetwar,
sensitive polymer providing Ramesh Menjoge Purushottam Khanna
enhanced bioavailability of 289. 0154NF2005 Method for direct solidification Palasram; Patil
polymorphic bitter drugs US and stabilization of liquid Mahendra
280. 0403NF2003 Taste masked pharmaceutical Mohan Gopalkrishna hazardous wastes containing (Maharashtra, IN),
AU compositions comprising a Kulkarni, Anupa up to 100,000 mg/L of arsenic Mahadeorao; Deshkar
bitter drug and a ph sensitive Ramesh Menjoge Ashok (Maharashtra,
polymer IN), Damodar;
281. 0110NF2005 1-bromo-4-(4'-bromophenoxy) Sudhakar; More Arvind Deshpande Sarvottam
US -2-pentadecyl benzene and (Maharashtra, IN), (Maharashtra, IN),
preparation thereof Purushottam; Tapan; Chakrabarti
Wadgaonkar Prakash (Maharashtra, IN),
(Maharashtra, IN) Sukumar; Devotta
282. 0185NF2002 Performance of artificial Kulkarni; Bhaskar (Maharashtra, IN)
US neural network models in the Dattatray (Pune, IN), NEIST
presence of instrumental noise Tambe; Sanjeev 290. 0223NF2001 An improved process for Bordoloi; Manobjyoti
and measurement errors Shrikrishna (Pune, IN), USC isolation of bioplastic (Jorhal, IN), Borah;
Lonari; Jayaram polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) Bornali (Jorhal, IN),
Budhaji (Pune, IN), from bacillus mycoides rlj Thakur; Purbali S.
Valecha; Neelamkumar b-017 (Jorhal, IN), Nigam;
(Mumbai, IN), Jagdish Narayan
Dheshmukh; Sanjay (Jorhal, IN)
Vasantrao (Mumbai, NGRI
IN), Shenoy;
291. 0175NF2002 Method for stable and accurate Selvaraj; Joseph
Bhavanishankar
US solution for an ill-conditioned Bernard (Hyderabad,
(Mumbai, IN),
system of normal equations IN)
Ravichandran;
associated with a prediction
Sivaraman (Mu
filter whose output is defined
283. 0363NF2002 Oligomers and preparation Kulkarni Mg, as a time advanced version of
AU thereof Khandare JJ the input
284. 0402NF2003 A novel ph sensitive polymer Mohan Gopalkrishna 292. 0221NF2003 Generation of three Srivastava; Ravi
AU useful for taste masking and Kulkarni, Anupa US dimensional fractal subsurface (Andhra Pradesh, IN),
gastric delivery of drugs Ramesh Menjoge
structure by Voronoi Dimri; V. (Andhra

A-40 A-41
 Tessellation and computation
of gravity response of such
fractal structure
NIIST
293. 0304NF2000 An improved natural
CN convection drier useful for
household laundry drying
294. 0304NF2000 An improved natural
KR convection drier useful for
household laundry drying
295. 0380NF2003 Synthesis of ion imprinted
GB polymer particles for solid
phase extractive
preconcentration of erbium
ions and a process thereof
296. 0034NF2003 Mg2mm'o6+x,(m=y, rare
CN earth metal, and m'=sn, or zr)
dielectric ceramics and their
preperation as nanoparticles
297. 0239NF2003 A novel low temperature
KR process for the synthesis of
ultra-fine rutile phase titanium
dioxide particles through
vapor phase hydrolysis of
titanium tetrachloride
298. 0057NF2000 Biological filter for the
JP purification of waste gases
299. 0034NF2003 Mg2MM'o 6+x, (M=Y, rare
US earth metal and M'=SN, OR
Zr) dielectric ceramics
NIO
300. 0316NF2000 Composition for treating white
PH spot syndrome virus (wssv)
infected tiger shrimp penaeus
monodon and a process for
preparation thereof
301. 0152NF2002 A natural nontoxic fluorescent
protein dye from a marine
A-42
Pradesh, IN) invertebrate, compositions
containing the said dye and
its uses
302. 0151NF2002 A natural nonpolar fluorescent Goswami U, Ganguly
pokkattu pathrose EP dye from a non-bioluminescent A
thomas, thiruthanathil marine invertebrate,
pathrose poulose compositions containing the
pokkattu pathrose said dye and its uses
thomas, thiruthanathil 303. 0068NF2002 A system for classifying sea Chakraborty B,
pathrose poulose AU floor roughness using ann Kodagali V, Baracho J,
Kala Ramakrishnan, hybrid layout Joseph A
Mary Gladis Joseph, 304. 0409NF2003 Use of selected amino Pawan Malhotra,
Talasila Prasada Rao ZA acid-zinc complexes as Palakodeti Ventaka
anti-malarials Naga Dasaradhi, Asif
Mohmmed, Manzar
James J, Senthilkumar Jamal Hossain, Sunil
S, Nair KV Mukherji, Venkatasamy
Maniv
305. 0319NF2002 A segmented cylindrical Joseph A, Prabhudesai
Gerald Devasagayam JM tide-staff system useful for S, Tengali S, Desa E,
Surender, ANI erection at remote areas and Mehra P, Sukerkar A,
Kariumpanoor John, dynamic calibration of Kumar V, Monteiro R
Kumara Pillai electronic tide meters &
Rajendra Prasad, computer models of tides
Sivaraman Savithri 306. 0564NF2002 Computer based method for Lakshminarayana;
Haridas; Ajit (Kerala, US finding the effect of an Sadasivuni
IN); Majumdar; element in a domain of (Visakhapatnam, IN)
Swachchha (Kerala, IN) N-dimensional function with a
James; Jose (Kerala, IN) provision for N+1 dimensions
Senthilkumar; Selvaraj 307. 0237NF2002 Process for the isolation of Bhosale; Siddarth (Goa,
(Kerala, IN), Nair pharmaceutical compound IN), Naik; Chandrakant
Kallumelthekethil cyclosporin a from fungus Govid (Goa, IN)
Vasudevan Pillaj fusarium nivale Parameswaran;
Oonnikrishnan Perunnikulath
(Kerala, IN) Subrayan (Goa, IN)
308. 0412NF2003 Method and composition for Rao; Kanury Venkata
Ulhas Manohar US treating osteoporosis Subba (New Delhi,
Desai,Chittur IN), Wani; Mohan
Thelakkat Achuthankutty, Ramachandran
Rayadurga Anantha (Maharashtra, IN),
Sreepada Manivel; Venkatasamy
Goswami U, Ganguly (New Delhi, IN),
A Subrayan;
A-43
 Parameswaran 317. 0177NF1999 Process for recovery of gallium Rao; Patcha
Perunninakulath (Goa, US Ramachandra
IN), Singh; Vinod (Jamshedpur, IN),
Kumar (Kanpur, IN), Kumar; Puvvada
Anand; Ramasamy George Vijay
Vijaya (Kanpur, IN), (Jamshedpur, IN),
Desa; Ehrli Agrawal; Archana
309. 0513NF2002 Plant mangrove-associated Devi; Prabha (Goa, (Jamshedpur, IN),
USB fungus Curvularia lunata and IN), Naik; Chattoraj; Indranil
a simple and efficient method Chandrakant Govind (Jamshedpur, IN)
of obtaining high yield of pure Goa, IN), Wahidulla; NPL
mannitol from the same Solimabi (Goa, IN), 318. 0346NF2001 A sensitive, fast responsive Rastogi AK, Jain K,
D'Souza; Lisette (Goa, CH thin film ethanol sensor and Gupta HP, Kumar V
IN), Rodrigues; Ely a process for the preparation
(Goa, IN), Peketi; of a sensitive, fast response
Asha (Goa, IN) thin film ethanol sensor and
310. 0264NF2000 Bioactive moleculesfrom an Usha Goswami, a process for the preparation
AUC associated mangrove plant Nazarine Fernandes of a precursor solution for
311. 0394NF2000 A process for the preparation Bharathi Pal, Nair S, ethanol sensor
EP of an extract with multiple Chandramohan D 319. 0312NF2002 Enzyme electrode and process Kumar A,Malhotra BD
properties from deep sea for preparation thereof And Rajesh
bacterium for use in food and 320. 0159NF2001 A simulation circuit layout Rajput SS, Jamur SS
cosmetics KR design for low voltage, low
312. 0409NF2003 Use of selected amino Pawan Malhotra, power and high performance
TR acid-zinc complexes as Palakodeti Ventaka type ii current conveyor for
anti-malarials Naga Dasaradhi, Asif analog signal processing
Mohmmed, Manzar applications
Jamal Hossain, Sunil 321. 0080NF1998 Conducting polymer Ramadhar Singh, Subhas
Mukherji, RO membrane and a process for Subhas Chandra, Hawa
Venkatasamy Maniv the preperation of the same Singh, Amarjeet Kaur
313. 0264NF2000 Bioactive moleculesfrom an Usha Goswami, membrane Narula, Shobha Broor
AUB associated mangrove plant Nazarine Fernande 322. 0308NF2002 A lactate bio sensing strip. Pandey MK, Chaubey
NML GB A, Pande KK, Sharma
314. 0264NF2001 Process for recovery of nickel Sahu Kk, Pandey Bd, RK, Saini KK, Malhotra
MY from spent catalyst Premchand BD, Rajesh
315. 0238NF2003 Process for in-situ preparation Mishra; Suman 323. 0308NF2002 A lactate bio sensing strip. Pandey MK, Chaubey
US of aluminia--(Ti,Zr) borides Kumari (Jharkhand, IT A, Pande KK, Sharma
composite IN), Shcherbakov; RK, Saini KK, Malhotra
Vladimir Andreevich BD ,Rajesh
(Moscow, RU) 324. 0308NF2002 A lactate bio sensing strip. Pandey MK, Chaubey
316. 0398NF2001 A process for preparation of Sinha A, Chakraborty EP A, Pande KK, Sharma
AU nanosized iron oxide by J, Das S, Das SK, Rao RK, Saini KK, Malhotra
biommetic route V, Rao PR BD And Rajesh

A-44 A-45
 ANNEXURE-II

325. 0308NF2002 A lactate bio sensing strip. Pandey MK, Chaubey TABLE 1: RANK LAB FIRST AUTHOR Journal, IF
DE A, Pande KK, Sharma
RK, Saini KK, Malhotra
LIST OF TOP 1 IGIB Agrawal A New Engl J Med, 356(26),
2745-2745, 2007
51.296

BD, Rajesh PAPERS IN 2 IGIB Brahmachari SK Nat Genet, Apr, 39(4), 24.176
326. 0308NF2002 A lactate bio sensing strip. Pandey MK, Chaubey BIOLOGICAL 433-436, 2007
FR A, Pande KK, Sharma
RK, Saini KK, Malhotra
SCIENCES BASED 3 CCMB Amundsen SK Gene Dev, 21(24), 3296-3307, 15.050
2007
BD ,Rajesh ON IMPACT
4 CCMB Gokhale RS Curr Opinion Struct Biol, 17(6), 11.215
327. 0059NF2004 A new method for detection Dr. B S Gera,H N FACTOR OF 736-743, 2007
TR of a precursor for major Duta,Gurubir Singh, V THE JOURNAL 5 CLRI Balakrishnan KR Circulation, 115(14), 10.940
earthquake K Ojha e388-e390, 2007
328. 0346NF2001 A sensitive, fast responsive Rastogi Ak, Jain K, 6 CDRI Geletu M Blood, 110 ,3301-09, 2007 10.370
AU thin film ethanol sensor and Gupta Hp, Kumar V
7 IMTECH Sen Pradip Blood, 109 653-660, 2007 10.370
a process for the preparation
8 CCMB Jehan Z Genome Res, 17(4), 433-440, 10.256
of a sensitive, fast response
2007
thin film ethanol sensor and
a process for the preparation 9 IICB Ray K Prog Retin Eye Res, 26,(4), 323-358, 9.039
2007
of a precursor solution for
ethanol sensor 10 IICB Mukherjee S Embo Rep, 8(6), 589-595, 2007 8.175
329. 0308NF2002 Lactate biosensing strip with Pandey; Manoj Kumar 11 CCMB Kumar LD Advan Drug Delivery rev, 59(23), 7.977
US two electrodes (New Delhi, IN), 87-100, 2007
Chaubey; Asha (New 12 NBRI Tripathi RD Trends Biotech, 25(4), 158-165, 2007 7.843
Delhi, IN), Pande; 13 IICB Ganguly A Cancer Res, Dec 15 , 67(24), 7.656
Krishan Kant (New 11848-11858, 2007
Delhi, IN), Sharma; 14 IICB Sen N Cell Death Differentiat, 14(2), 7.463
Rajendra Kumar (New 358-367, 2007
Delhi, IN), Saini; 15 CCMB Pucadyil TJ Glycoconjugate j, 24(1), 25-31, 2007 7.446
Krishan Kumar (New
16 CFTRI Sathisha UV Glycoconjugate j, 24(8), 7.446
Delhi, IN), Malhotra;
497-507, 2007
Bansi Dhar (New
Delhi, IN), Rajesh; 17 IICB Ghosh S Glycoconjugate j, 24(1), 17-24, 2007 7.446
(New Delhi, IN) 18 IICB Dutta A Glycoconjugate j, 24 (1), 81-86, 2007 7.446
330. 0168NF2001 Reusable heat pack, method Sharma CP, Sharma 19 IICB Maiti M Med Res Rev, 27(5), 649-695, 2007 7.218
CA of manufacture thereof, RK, Kant C, Sarkar AK 20 IICTF Karmali Med Res Rev, 27(5), 696-722, 2007 7.218
mixture for use in a reusable
21 IGIB Sivasubbu S Genome Biol., 8 su l 1:s9, 2007 7.172
heatpack and process for the
preparation thereof 22 CCMB Pathak RU Mol cell Biol, 27 13), 4796-4806, 6.773
2007
331. 0314NF2002 A process for the preparation Pandey MK, Chaubey
23 CDRI Trivedi AK Oncogene, 26 1789-1801, 2007 6.582
CN of lactate bio-sensingstrip A, Pande KK, Sharma
useful for the determination RK, Saini KK, Malhotra 24 IMTECH Andrianifahanana Oncogene, 26 (51), 7251-7261, 6.582
of lactate in an aqcars solution. BD, and Rajesh M 2007

A-46 A-47
 25 NBRI Chaturvedi CP Plant J, 50(5), 917-925, 2007 6.565 TABLE 2 : RANK LAB FIRST AUTHOR JOURNAL IF
26 IGIB Mahajan A Hum Mutat, may, 28(5), 526-541, 6.473 LIST OF TOP 1 IGIB Kaur H Chem Rev, 107(11), 4672-4697, 26.054
2007 2007
PAPERS IN
27 CCMB Gopinath SD J cell Sci, 120(17), 3086-3098, 2007 6.427 2 IICT Das S Chem Rev, 107(7), 3286-3337, 2007 26.054
28 CDRI Shrivastava T Nucl Acid res, 35 7324-35, 2007 6.317
CHEMICAL
3 NIIST Nair V Chem Rev, 107(5) 1862-1891, 2007 26.054
29 NCL Gogoi K Nucl Acid Res, 35(21), e139, 2007 6.317
SCIENCES BASED 4 NIIST Ajayaghosh A Account Chem res, 40(8), 644-656, 17.113
30 IICB Saha S J Immunol, 179(8), 5592-5603, 2007 6.293 ON IMPACT 2007

31 CDRI Kumar A J Hepatol, 46(5), 888-898, 2007 6.073 FACTOR OF 5 IICT Chattopadhyay Prog polym Sci, 32(3) 352-418 , 14.818
DK 2007
32 IGIB Batra J Thorax, 62(1), 16-22, 2007 6.064 THE JOURNAL
6 NCL Baskaran D Prog polym Sci, 32( 2) 173-219, 14.818
33 NCL Singh A Small, 3(3), 466-473, 2007 6.024 2007
34 IMTECH Chaudhuri SR Molecular therapy,15 566-570, 2007 5.841 7 IGIB Kumar N Angew Chem Int Ed, 46, 10.232
35 CCMB Krishnan K J Biol Chem, 282(26), 18953-18959, 5.808 9220-9222, 2007
2007 8 NIIST/ Nair V Angew Chem Int Ed, 46(12) 10.232
36 CCMB Purusharth RI J Biol Chem, 282(22), 16267-16277, 5.808 CSMCRI 2070-2073, 2007
2007 9 IICT Petrignet J Angew Chem Int Ed, 46(33), 10.232
37 CDRI Lella RK J Biol Chem, 282( 26), 18671-18675, 5.808 6297-6300, 2007
2007
10 IICT Reddy PY Angew Chem Int Ed, 46(3), 10.232
38 CDRI Mishra R J Biol Chem, 282, 30393-405, 2007 5.808 373-376, 2007
39 IMTECH Raje CI J Biol Chem, 282(5), 3252-3261, 2007 5.808 11 NIIST Ajayaghosh A Angew Chem Int Ed, 46(33), 10.232
40 IMTECH Agrewala JN J Biol Chem, 282, 6106-6115, 2007 5.808 6260-6265, 2007

41 CDRI/ Gupta SK Proteomics, 7(5), 816-823, 2007 5.735 12 NIIST Van Angew Chem Int Ed, 46(11), 10.232
CIMAP Herrikhuyzen J 1825-1828, 2007

42 IMTECH Alam MS Mol Microbiol, 63(5), 1414-1431, 5.634 13 NIIST Ajayaghosh A Angew Chem Int Ed, 46 1-2, 10.232
2007 230-233, 2007

43 CDRI Singh S Brain Res Rev, 54(2) 233-250, 2007 5.595 14 IICT Rajesh M J Am Chem Soc, 129(37), 7.696
11408-11420, 2007
44 CDRI Mehta SL Brain Res Rev, 54(1), 34-66, 2007 5.595
15 NIIST Sajimon MC J Am Chem Soc, 129(30), 7.696
45 IGIB/ Gupta A Clin Chem, 53(9), 1601-1608, 2007 5.454 9439-9445, 2007
IICB
16 NIIST Pramod P J Am Chem Soc, 129(21), 6712-+, 7.696
46 IICB Singh LP Free Radical Biol Med, 43(2), 5.440 2007
289-299, 2007
17 CGCRI Banerjee S Adv Funct Mater, 17(15), 6.779
47 IICB Dasgupta A Free Radical Biol Med, 42( 5), 5.440 2847-2854, 2007
617-626, 2007
18 CGCRI Mukherjee R Adv Funct Mater, 17(14), 6.779
48 IICB Banerjee M Carcinogenesis, 28(3), 672-676, 2007 5.366
2356-2364, 2007
49 IICB Mondal G Carcinogenesis, 28(1), 81-92, 2007 5.366
19 IICT Porel S Adv Funct Mater, 17(14), 6.779
50 IICB Basu R J Infec Dis, 195(9), 1373-1380, 2007 5.363 2550-2556, 2007
20 NIIST Rajesh K Adv Funct Mater, 17(10), 6.779
1682-1690, 2007

A-48 A-49
 21 IHBT Zehl M Anal Chem, 79(21), 8214-8221, 2007 5.646 49 NIIST Avirah RR Org Lett, 9(1), 121-124, 2007 4.659
22 NPL Arora K Anal Chem, 79(16), 6152-6158, 2007 5.646 50 NIIST Balan B Org Lett, 9(14), 2709-2712, 2007 4.659
23 IGIB/IICT Chakraborty TK J Med Chem, 50(23), 5539-5542, 2007 5.115 51 IICT Baruwati B Org Lett, 9(26), 5377-5380, 2007 4.659
24 IICB Chaudhuri P J Med Chem, 50(10), 2536-2540, 2007 5.115 52 NCL Gogoi K Org Lett, 9(14), 2697-2700, 2007 4.659
25 NCL Gurjar MK J Med Chem, 50(8), 1744-1753, 2007 5.115 53 NIIST Gokulnath S Org Lett, 9(17), 3355-3357, 2007 4.659
26 CDRI Saquib M J Med Chem, 50(13), 2942-2950, 2007 5.115 54 IICT Guin D Org Lett, 9(7), 1419-1421, 2007 4.659
27 CDRI Singh C J Med Chem, 50(3), 521-527, 2007 5.115 55 NIIST Hariharan M Org Lett, 9(3), 417-420, 2007 4.659
28 CDRI Solomon VR J Med Chem, 50(2), 394-398, 2007 5.115 56 CSMCRI Jose DA Org Lett, 9(10), 1979-1982, 2007 4.659
29 NCL Vyavahare VP J Med Chem, 50(22), 5519-5523, 2007 5.115 57 NCL Kotkar SP Org Lett, 9(6), 1001-1004, 2007 4.659
30 CECRI Kumar SS Chem Mater, 19(19), 4722-4730, 2007 5.104 58 CSMCRI Moorthy JN Org Lett, 9(5), 919-922, 2007 4.659
31 CECRI Remona AM Chem Mater, 19(6), 1529-1529, 2007 5.104 59 CDRI Narender T Org Lett, 9(26), 5369-5372, 2007 4.659
32 IICB Bose Chem Mater, 19(25), 6150-6157, 2007 5.104 60 NIIST Ramakrishnan S Org Lett, 9(23), 4769-4772, 2007 4.659
33 NCL Sakellariou G Chem Mater, 19(26), 6370-6372, 2007 5.104 61 NIIST Shanmugam P Org Lett, 9(21), 4095-4098, 2007 4.659
34 NIIST Moreira RL Chem Mater, 19(26), 6548-6554, 2007 5.104 62 CDRI Singh C Org Lett, 9(21), 4327-4329, 2007 4.659
35 NIIST Subodh G Chem Mater, 19(16), 4077-4082, 2007 5.104 63 CSMCRI Suresh M Org Lett, 9(3), 441-444, 2007 4.659
36 CCMB/ Ramakrishnan 64 IICT Yadav JS Org Lett, 9(22), 4587-4589, 2007 4.659
IICT Nagraj/Subramania 65 NIIST Yagi S Org Lett, 9(10), 1999-2002, 2007 4.659
Ranganathan Chem-Eur J, 13(15), 4253-4263, 2007 5.015
37 NCL Pujari NS Chem-Eur j, 13(20), 5862-5872, 2007 5.015
38 NIIST Jyothish K Chem-Eur j, 13(20), 5944-5951, 2007 5.015
39 NIIST Balan B Chem-Eur j, 13(18), 5173-5185, 2007 5.015
40 IICT Sateesh B J comput Chem, 28(1), 335-343, 2007 4.893
41 NCL Bordoloi A Adv Synth Catal, 349(13), 2085-2088, 4.762
2007
42 IICT Das B Adv Synth Catal, 349(17-1), 4.762
2677-2683, 2007
43 IICT Kantam AL Adv Synth Catal, 349(11-1), 4.762
1887-1890, 2007
44 IICT Kantam ML Adv Synth Catal, 349(11-1), 4.762
1938-1942, 2007
45 IICT Kantam ML Adv Synth Catal, 349(10), 4.762
1671-1675, 2007
46 IICT Kantam ML Adv Synth Catal, 349(10), 4.762
1797-1802, 2007
47 IICT Kantam ML Adv Synth Catal, 349(7), 4.762
1141-1149, 2007
48 IICT Sridhar R Adv Synth Catal, 349(11-1), 4.762
1873-1876, 2007

A-50 A-51
 TABLE 3 : RANK LAB FIRST AUTHOR JOURNAL IF 30 IICT Kumari S J Amer Soc Mass Spectrom, 18(8), 3.307
1516-1524, 2007
LIST OF TOP 1 NGRI Prakash Kumar Nature, 449, 894-897, 2007 28.75
31 IICT Reddy PN J Amer Soc Mass Spectrom, 18(4), 3.307
2 IMMT Besra L Prog Mater sci, 52(1), 1-61, 2007 10.229
PAPERS IN 651-662, 2007
3 NCL Kolb PW Nano Letters, 7(6),1449-1453, 2007 9.960
PHYSICAL & EARTH 32 NCL Heidari I J Chem Phys, 127(11), 114708, 2007 3.166
4 NCL Ahmad A Advan Mater, 19(20), 3295-+, 2007 7.896
SCIENCES BASED 5 NCL Kakade BA Advan Mater, 19(2), 272-+, 2007 7.896
33 NCL Vaval N J Chem Phys, 126(16), 164110, 2007 3.166

ON IMPACT 6 NIIST Ajayaghosh A Advan Mater, 19(3), 411-+, 2007 7.896

34 NCL Dasmahapatra AK J Chem Phys,127(23), 234901, 2007 3.166
35 NPL Blackstead HA Phys Rev B, 76(9), 094507, 2007 3.107
FACTOR OF 7 IICT Chandrasekar D Biomaterials, 28(3), 504-512, 2007 5.196
36 NPL Blackstead HA Phys Rev B, 75(14), 140514, 2007 3.107
THE JOURNALS 8 HQ Ahuja T Biomaterials, 28(5), 791-805, 2007 5.196
37 NPL Felner I Phys Rev B, 76(14), 144514, 2007 3.107
9 NCL Al-Tabbakh AA A L Phys Lett, 90(16), 162102, 2007 3.977
38 NPL Gahtori B Phys Rev B, 75(18), 184513, 2007 3.107
10 NIIST Biju A A L Phys Lett, 90(7), 072505, 2007 3.977
39 NAL Menendez- Phys Rev B, 76(5), 054117, 2007 3.107
11 NIIST Deepa KS A L Phys Lett, 91(20), 202904, 2007 3.977 Proupin E
12 NPL Kaur S A L Phys Lett, 91(2), 023120, 2007 3.977 40 CGCRI Mondal P Phys Rev B, 76(17), 172403, 2007 3.107
13 NPL Kumar P A L Phys Lett, 90(2), 023201, 2007 3.977 41 NGRI Naqvi SM Precambrian Res, 156(1-2), 32-54, 2.949
14 CGCRI Mazumder R A L Phys Lett, 91(6), 062510, 2007 3.977 2007

15 NPL Singh SP A L Phys Lett, 91(6), 063901, 2007 3.977 42 NGRI Kumar A Precambrian Res, 154(3-4), 192-204, 2.949
2007
16 NPL Siwach PK A L Phys Lett, 91(12), 122503, 2007 3.977
43 NGRI Halls HC Precambrian Res, 155(1-2), 47-68, 2.949
17 NCL Zhang SX A L Phys Lett, 91(11), 112113, 2007 3.977 2007
18 CMMACS Jade S Earth Planet Sci Lett, 263(3-4), 3.887 44 NGRI Sarangi S Precambrian Res, 152(1-2), 83-91, 2.949
/AMPRI 221-234, 2007 2007
19 NGRI Kumar PS Earth Planet Sci Lett, 254(1-2), 3.887 45 NGRI Prasad BR Precambrian Res, 153(1-2), 1-10, 2.949
39-54, 2007 2007
20 NGRI Tiwari VM Earth Planet Sci Lett, 264(1-2), 3.887 46 IICT Bhaskar G J mass Spectrometry, 42(9), 2.945
9-21, 2007 1194-120, 20076
21 NPL Singh R New J Phys, 9(40), 2007 3.754 47 IICT Kumar MR J mass Spectrometry, 42(9), 2.945
22 NIO Makishima A. J Anal Atom Spectr, 22(4),407-410, 3.630 1218-1224, 2007
2007 48 NIO Tilvi S J mass Spectrometry, 42(1), 2.945
23 CLRI Murugan B Acta Mater, 2007 3.549 70-80, 2007

24 NPL Deepa M Acta Mater, 55(18), 6095-6107, 2007 3.549 49 CEERI Pal S J Lightwave Technol, 25( 8,) 2.824
2260-2267, 2007
25 NIIST Anas S Acta Mater, 55(17), 5792-5801, 2007 3.549
50 NIO Al Saafani MA J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112,(c11), 2.800
26 CMMACS Mukul M Geology, 35(11), 999-1002, 2007 3.477 c11004, 2007
27 NIO de Boyer J Climate, 20(13), 3249-3268, 2007 3.419 51 NGRI Gahalaut VK J Geophys Res-Solid Earth, 112(b10), 2.800
Montegut C b10402, 2007
28 NIO Durand F J Climate, 20(10), 2109-2120, 2007 3.419 52 NGRI Kumar P J Geophys Res-Solid Earth, 112(b3), 2.800
29 IICT Moolayil JT J Amer Soc Mass Spectrom, 18(12), 3.307 b03301, 2007
2204-2217, 2007 53 NGRI Kuvshinov A J Geophys Res-Solid Earth, 112(b10), 2.800
b10102, 2007

A-52 A-53
 54 NIO Levy M J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(c12), 2.800 TABLE 4 : RANK LAB FIRST AUTHOR JOURNAL IF
c12014, 2007
LIST OF TOP 1 CECRI Prasad D Biosens Bioelectron, 22(11), 4.132
55 NGRI Liu HX J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(a7), 2.800 2604-2610, 2007
a07305, 2007 PAPERS IN 2 NPL Arora K Biosens Bioelectron, 23(5), 4.132
56 NPL Mahajan KK J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(e10), 2.800 ENGINEERING 613-620, 2007
e10006, 2007
SCIENCES BASED 3 NPL Arya SK Biosens Bioelectron, 22(11), 4.132
57 NIO Patra PK J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(c5), 2.800 2516-2524, 2007
c05029, 2007 ON IMPACT 4 CECRI Pattanaik S Environ Sci Technol, 41(4), 4.040
58 NIO Prasad MS J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(e6), 2.800 FACTOR OF 1104-1110, 2007
e06007, 2007
THE JOURNAL 5 IMTECH Kaur J Environ Sci Technol, 41(14), 4.040
59 NGRI Talwani P J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(b7), 2.800 5028-5036, 2007
b07309, 2007 6 ITRC Ram S Environ Sci Technol, 41(21), 4.040
60 NIO Thadathil P J Geophys Res-Oceans, 112(c2), 2.800 7383-7388, 2007
c02009, 2007 7 NBRI Srivastava S Environ Sci Technol, 41(8), 4.040
2930-2936, 2007
8 NCL Bokare AD Environ Sci Technol, 41(21), 4.040
7437-7443, 2007
9 IICT Reddy MP A L Catal B-Environ, 69(3-4), 3.942
164-170, 2007
10 NCL Bhayani KR Nanotechnology, 18(34), 3.037
345101, 2007
11 CLRI Gautham G Journal of Biomechanics, 40(s2), 2.542
s54, 2007
12 NCL Achalpurkar MP Sep Purif Technol, 57(2), 2.497
304-313, 2007
13 CLRI Arthanareeswaran Sep Purif Technol, 55(1), 8-15, 2.497
G 2007
14 CLRI/ Arumugam SK J Biomed Mater Res Part a, 80a(2), 2.497
IICT 391-398, 2007
15 IICT Chandrasekar D J Biomed Mater Res Part a, 82a(1), 2.497
92-103, 2007
16 IICT Nataraj SK Sep Purif Technol, 57(1), 185-192, 2.497
2007
17 CGCRI Roy RS J Biomed Mater res Part A, 83a(2), 2.497
257-262, 2007
18 IMMT Sarangi K Sep Purif Technol, 55(1), 44-49, 2007 2.497
19 IITR Singh KP Chemometr Intell Lab Syst, 87(2), 2.450
185-193, 2007
20 IICT Srivani P J Mol Graph Model, 26(1), 2.371
378-390, 2007

A-54 A-55
 21 NML Mitra A Scripta Mater, 57(9), 813-816, 2007 2.161 47 IICT Mohan SV J Hazard Mater, 144(1-2), 108-117, 1.855
22 NML Kar A Scripta Mater, 57(9), 881-884, 2007 2.161 2007

23 NML Rajinikanth V Scripta Mater, 57(5), 425-428, 2007 2.161 48 IICT Mohan SV J Hazard Mater, 141(3), 465-474, 2007 1.855

24 NML Singh R Scripta Mater, 57(3), 185-188, 2007 2.161 49 IMMT Mohapatra M J Hazard Mater, 148(3), 553-559, 2007 1.855

25 IICT Kulkarni RG J Comput Aid Molec Design, 21(4), 2.089 50 CFTRI Murthy HMR J Hazard Mater, 149(1), 18-25, 2007 1.855
155-166, 2007 51 CECRI Neelavann MG J Hazard Mater, 149(2), 371-378, 2007 1.855
26 CMMA Prathap G Comput Meth A L Mech Eng, 2.015 52 CECRI Raghu S J Hazard Mater, 149(2), 324-330, 2007 1.855
-CS 196(9-12),1847-1848, 2007 53 CECRI Raghu S J Hazard Mater, 139(2), 381-390, 2007 1.855
27 NML Chowdhury SG Intermetallics, 15(3), 260-269, 2007 1.943 54 IICT Rao AG J Hazard Mater, 147(3), 718-725, 2007 1.855
28 CECRI Jayaprakash N Intermetallics, 15(3), 442-450, 2007 1.943 55 AMPRI Singh IB J Hazard Mater, 141(1), 215-222, 2007 1.855
29 NML/ Srinivasan A Intermetallics, 15(12), 1511-1517, 1.943 56 CMERI Singh S J Hazard Mater, 144(1-2), 15-28, 2007 1.855
NIIST 2007
30 CLRI Aravindhan R J Hazard Mater, 142(1-2), 68-76, 2007 1.855
31 CLRI Arthanareeswaran J Hazard Mater, 139(1), 44-49, 2007 1.855
G
32 CBRI Bhatnagar A J Hazard Mater, 139(1), 93-102, 2007 1.855
33 NEERI Bhatt P J Hazard Mater, 143(1-2), 349-353, 1.855
2007
34 IITR Chaturvedi PK J Hazard Mater, 147(3), 698-705, 2007 1.855
35 IITR Dubey SP J Hazard Mater, 145(3),465-470, 2007 1.855
36 IITR Gopal K J Hazard Mater, 140(1-2), 1-6, 2007 1.855
37 NBRI Gupta AK J Hazard Mater, 149(1), 144-150, 2007 1.855
38 NEERI Gupta AK J Hazard Mater, 142(1-2), 279-287, 1.855
2007
39 CSMCRI Jadeja RN J Hazard Mater, 147(1-2), 148-154, 1.855
2007
40 NML Jha MK J Hazard Mater, 145(1-2), 221-226, 1.855
2007
41 NEERI Kamble SP J Hazard Mater, 140(1-2), 149-154, 1.855
2007
42 CLRI Kennedy LJ J Hazard Mater, 149(1), 134-143, 2007 1.855
43 CSMCRI Kumar KS J Hazard Mater, 143(1-2), 590-592, 1.855
2007
44 IITR Mohan D J Hazard Mater, 142(1-2), 1-53, 2007 1.855
45 CECRI Mohan N J Hazard Mater, 147(1-2), 644-651, 1.855
2007
46 IICT Mohan SV J Hazard Mater, 146(1-2), 278-282, 1.855
2007

A-56 A-57
 ANNEXURE-III

Members of the 1 Hon’ble Prime Minister of India 9. Ms. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw
Dr. Manmohan Singh Chairman-cum-Managing Director
CSIR Society Prime Minister’s Office Biocon Ltd.,
(2006-2009) South Block 20th KM Hosur Road
New Delhi 110011 Electronics City
2. Minister of Science & Technology Bangalore-560100
(Shri Kapil Sibal) 10. Shri N.R. Narayana Murthy
Vice President, CSIR Chief Mentor
Office of the Vice-President, CSIR Infosys Technologies Ltd.
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research Hosur Road, 3rd Cross,
Anusandhan Bhavan, 2, Rafi Marg Electronics City
New Delhi – 110 001 Bangalore-561229
3. Minister of Finance 11. Shri B. Muthuraman
(Shri P. Chidambaram) Managing Director
North Block Tata Iron & Steel Company Ltd.
New Delhi- 110 001 Jamshedpur-831001
4. Minister of Commerce & Industry 12. Shri K.V. Kamath
(Shri Kamal Nath) Managing Director (CEO)
Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion ICICI Bank Limited
Room No. 45, Udyog Bhavan ICICI Tower, Bandra,
New Delhi – 110 001 Kurla Complex, Mumbai – 400 051
5. Member (Science) 13. Prof. P. Balaram
Planning Commission Director
(Dr. V.L. Chopra) Indian Institute of Science
Yojana Bhavan, Sansad Marg Bangalore-560012
New Delhi – 110 001 14. Prof. M.M. Sharma
6. Principal Scientific Adviser to Government of India Formerly Director
(Dr. R. Chidambaram) University Institute of Chemical Technology
Room No. 319, 2/3, Jaswant Bagh, Behind AK Barally’s
Vigyan Bhavan Annexe VN Purav Marg
Maulana Azad Road Mumbai-400071
New Delhi – 110 001 15. Dr. Rita Sharma
7. Chairman Secretary
Science Advisory Council to PM Department of Rural Development
(Prof. C.N.R. Rao) Ministry of Agriculture
Chairman, CPMU & Linus Pauling Krishi Bhavan
JN Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Dr. Rajendra Prasad Road
Jakkur, Bangalore-560064 New Delhi – 110 001
8. Chairman 16. Secretary
(Prof. Sukhdeo Thorat) Department of Information Technology
University Grants Commission (Shri Jainder Singh)
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg Electronics Niketan
New Delhi-110002 6, CGO Complex, Lodi Road
New Delhi – 110003

A-58 A-59
 17. Secretary 25. Dr. Amit Mitra
Department of Health & Family Welfare Secretary General
(Shri Naresh Dayal) Federation of Indian Champer of Commerce & Industry
149-A, Nirman Bhawan Federation House, Tansen Marg
New Delhi-110011 New Delhi-110001
18. Secretary 26. Prof. M Vijayan
Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion Hony. Professor
(Shri Ajay Shankar) Indian Institute of Science
Room No. 157, Udyog Bhavan Bangalore-560012
New Delhi – 110 001 27. Prof. Surendra Prasad
19. Secretary Director
Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
(Dr. S.N. Dash) Hauz Khas
Ministry of Heavy Industry and Public Enterprises New Delhi-110016
Department of Heavy Industry 28. Secretary*
Room No.178, Udyog Bhawan Dr. T. Ramasami
New Delhi-110001 Department of Science & Technology
20. Secretary Expenditure Technology Bhawan
Ms. Sushama Nath New Mehrauli Road
Ministry of Finance New Delhi-110016
North Block 29. Dr. M.K. Bhan*
New Delhi-110001 Secretary
21. Dr. Chandra Shekhar* Department of Biotechnology
Director Block – 2, 7th Floor
Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute CGO Complex, Lodi Road
Pilani-333031 New Delhi – 110 003
22. Dr. Siddhartha Roy 30. Prof. SK. Brahmachari
Director Director General
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg
Kolkata-700032 New Delhi-110001
23. Ms. Sulajja Firodia Motwani
Joint Managing Director * Also member of CSIR Governing Body
Kinetic Engineering Ltd. & Director
Kinetic Motor Company Ltd.
D-1 Block, Plot No. 18/2
MIDC Chinchwad
Pune-411019
24. Shri E Sreedharan
Managing Director
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
NBCC Place, Pragati Vihar
Bhishma Pitamah Marg
New Delhi-110003

A-60 A-61
 ANNEXURE-IV

LIST OF APPROVED A. Supra Institutional Projects 22. Development of Novel Target based Anticancer Therapeutics (IIIM)
PROJECTS IN 1. Niche food processing technologies for outreach of cost effective, safe, 23. Management tools for maintenance, scheduling and life enhancement of
hygienic, nutritious and health food to the target population (CFTRI) special structures (SERC)
ELEVENTH
2. High value products from agro forestry resources from the Himalayan 24. High Performance Materials and Construction Technologies for Sustainable
FIVE YEAR PLAN region & improving productivity and quality of product development Built Space (CBRI)
including facility for nutraceutical/value added product (IHBT)
25. Development of a Management System for Maintenance Planning and
3. Evidence based Neutracetical/ Herbal products for Preventive Health and Budgeting of High Speed Road Corridors (CRRI)
Disease Management (NIIST)
26. Indian S&T - Mapping, Manpower and Comparative Capability (NISTADS)
4. Biodiversity assessment, prospection and conservation of plant resources
27. Patinformatics (URDIP)
of India (NBRI)
B. Network projects
5. An Integrative Biology Approach in Deciphering Genotype - Phenotype
Correlation for Human Complex Disorders (IGIB) 28. Agrochemicals and Intermediates : Integrated pest management including
pheromones (IICT)
6. Evaluation and Correction of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Disease (IICB)
29. Design and development of equipment with appropriate and adaptable
7. Investigative Toxicology: New Paradigms (IITR)
automation for hygenic and safe production of processed and semi-
8. Enhancing water utilization efficiency in crop plants: Prospecting Plant processed foods in large scale(CFTRI)
Diversity for genes and systems Biology for drought tolerance (NBRI)
30. Transgenic crop plants and genes for resistance to insect pests(NBRI)
9. Evolution of the Indian Lithosphere : Focus on Major Earth Processes and
Resources with a special reference to Deccan Traps and Dharwar craton 31. Engineering Peptides and Proteins for New Generation Therapies (CCMB)
(NGRI) 32. Exploitatiom of India's rich microbial diversity (IMT)
10. Multi-scale simulation and quantification of sustainability and vulnerability 33. Pathway engineering and system biology approach towards homologous
under climate variability and climate stress and other natural hazards and heterologous expression of high-value phytoceuticals (artemisinin,
(CMMACS) taxanes, picrosides, morphine, withanolides (CIMAP)
11. Seismic hazard-risk evaluation and Earthquake Precursor related studies 34. Biological & Chemical Transformation of Plant Compounds for Production
(NEIST) of Value Added Products of Therapeutic/Aroma Value (CIMAP).
12. Capacity building in Moecular Environmental Science (NEERI) 35. Development of Specialty Inorganic Materials for Diverse Applications
13. R&D on Photovoltaics and Other Energy Applications (NPL) (CSMCRI)
14. Energy for cleaner and greener environment (CECRI) 36. Conducting polymer paints and coatings for corrosion protection and
shielding of concrete structures in strategic areas (NCL)
15. To develop know-how and technology for environmental friendly
conversion and utilization of biomass to fuels, lubricants and additives (IIP) 37. NCL-IGIB joint Research Inititaive: Interfacing Chemistry with biology
16. Technology development for Smart Systems (CEERI) (IGIB)

17. Appropriate technological Solutions for Societal applications (CSIO) 38. Atmosphere carbon dioxide sequestration through fertilization of a high-
nutrients-low chlorophyll (HNLC) oceanic regions with iron (NIO)
18. Ceramic materials for emerging technologies involving liquid and gas
separation (CGCRI) 39. Environmental Contaminants: New Screening Technologies and Effect on
Human Health (IITR)
19. Capability in mobile robot development for industrial, outdoor and
hazardous applications (CMERI) 40. Mapping of the Marine Biodiversity along the Indian Coast (CSMCRI)

20. Development and forming of performance driven special steels (NML) 41. Remediation/eco-restoration and Cleanup of Contaminated Ground &
Water Resources (NEERI)
21. New drug development programme for parasitic diseases (CDRI)
42. Climate change and adaption of species complexes (IHBT)

A-62 A-63
 43. Hydrogen economy initiative: Overcoming materials challenges for the 64. Project on Conservation of Endangered Species (CCMB)
generation, storage and conversion of hydrogen using fuel cells (NCL). 65. Development of Lithium-ion batteries for Multifarious applications (CECRI)
44. Functional Organic Materials for Energy Efficient Devices (NIIST) 66. Development of cost effective mine water reclamation technology for
45. Design and Fabrication Capabilities for Very High Frequency Microwave providing safe drinking water (CIMFR)
Tubes (CEERI) 67. Design Centre for Products (CLRI)
46. Fabrication of LED Devices and Systems for Solid State Lighting D. Facility Creation
Applications (NPL)
68. Enhancement of Aerospace Research & Technology Development
47. Photonics for Communication, Laser and Sensor Technology (CGCRI) Facilities including Setting up a Centre of Excellence in Flight Mechanics
48. Technology for Assessment and Refurbishment of Engineering Materials and control (NAL).
and Components(NML) 69. National Facilities for Functional Genomic Research : (a) Zebrafish
49. Development of Advanced Lightweight Metallic Materials for Engineering Facility (b) Cellomics Facility (c) LC-NMR facility (IGIB)
Applications (AMPRI) 70. Advanced Center for Protein Informatics, Science, Engineering &
50. Modular Re-configurable Micro Manufacturing Systems (MRMMS) for Technology (IMT)
Multi Material Desktop Manufacturing Capabilities (CMERI) 71. Setting up a Compact High Energy Light Source Radiation for the Structural
51. Development of Advanced Eco-Friendly, Energy Efficient Processes for Analysis of Biomacromolecule (CCMB)
Utilization of Iron ore Resources of India (IMMT) 72. Center of Excellence for Lipid Research (IICT)
52. Diabetes Mellitus -New Drug discovery R&D, Molecular mechanisms and 73. CSIR Battery Performance Evaluation Centre (CECRI)
genetic factors (CDRI)
74. Establishment of Dog Facility for research and testing purposes (CDRI)
53. Development of Diagnostics and Target Based Molecular Medicines
against Allergy, Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (IICB)
54. Validation of Identified Screening Models and Development of New
Alternative Models for Evaluation of New Drug Entities (CDRI)
55. Nanomaterial and Nanodevices in Health and Disease (CCMB)
56. Comparative Genomics and Biology of non-coding RNA in the human
genome (IGIB)
57. Identification and Validation of Drug Targets for Selected Pathogens (CDRI)
58. Engineering of structure against natural & other disasters (SERC)
59. Comprehensive Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (NISCAIR)
60. Zero Emission Research Initiative (CLRI)
61. Sustainable Development and Management of water resources in different
problematic terrain(NGRI)
62. Development of hollow fiber membrane technology for water disinfection/
purification and waste water reclamation (CSMCRI)
C. Inter-agency projects
63. New insights in cancer biology: Identification of novel targets and
development of target based molecular medicine (IICB)

A-64 A-65
 ANNEXURE-V

Comptroller and Performance Audit of Modernisation in select laboratories of CSIR CSIR AMPRI Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute, Bhopal -462 026,
www.ampri.res.in
Auditor General Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi was established in ESTABLISHMENTS CBRI Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee -247 667, www.cbri.org
1942 to conduct research and development and for continuous improvement of
Report indigenous technologies to substitute imported ones through its 39 constituent
CCMB Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad-500 007, www.ccmb.res.in
CDRI Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow -226 001, cdriindia.org
Laboratories/Institutes. To improve its infrastructure and enhance the generation of CECRI Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi -623 006, www.cecri-india.com
external cash flow (ECF), a modernisation plan for Rs. 250 crore was sanctioned by the
CEERI Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani -333 031, www.ceeri.res.in
government for the Ninth Plan period. Although CSIR incurred a total expenditure of
CFTRI Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-570 020, www.cftri.com
Rs. 262.38 crore on modernisation of its laboratories, it earned a negative incremental
CGCRI Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata -700 032, www.cgcri.res.in
ECF of Rs. 15.06 crore against the expected incremental ECF of Rs. 361.09 crore.
CIMAP Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow -226 015, www.cimap.res.in
CSIR spent Rs. 262.38 crore on modernisation of 39 laboratories /institutes but could CIMFR Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad -828 108, www.cmriindia.org
not achieve the main objective of generating additional revenue. Against the expected CLRI Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai -600 020, www.clri.org
incremental ECF of Rs. 361.09 crore, CSIR earned negative incremental ECF of Rs. CMERI Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur -713 209,
15.06 crore. Eighteen laboratories had earned negative incremental ECF of Rs. 294.67 www.cmeri.org
crore. The equipment purchased by the laboratories/institutes of CSIR under CRRI Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi -110 020, www.crridom.org
modernisation programme were mismanaged by the laboratories.
CSIO Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh -160 030, www.csio.nic.in
There were cases of non/delayed installation of equipment, non-repair of equipment, CSMCRI Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar -364 002,
non/under utilisation of installed equipment and injudicious planning in procurement www.csmcri.org
of equipment. CBRI, NIO and CMERI could not install four equipment valuing Rs. 0.57 IGIB Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Delhi -110 007, www.igib.res.in
crore. Eight equipment purchased by NEERI, RRL Bhopal, CLRI, NAL and SERC after IHBT Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur -176 061 (HP),
incurring Rs. 1.47 crore were lying un-repaired due to lack of efforts by these www.ihbt.org
laboratories. 14 equipment costing Rs. 7.38 crore were not utilised/underutilized by IICB Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata -700 032, www.iicb.res.in
NAL, CFTRI, CDRI, RRL, CBRI, IICT, CMERI and NML. IICT Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad -500 007, www.iictindia.org
25 equipment costing Rs. 8.41 crore were installed after delays ranging between one IIIM Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi -180 001, www.iiim.org
year to more than three years by 11 laboratories. The targets in respect of publication of IIP Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun -248 005, www.iip.res.in
research papers and filing of patents were not fixed for all the laboratories. When IMMT Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneshwar -751 013,
compared to the targets fixed by Performance Appraisal Board, there were shortfalls of www.rrlbhu.res.in
43 and 45 per cent respectively. CSIR did not have an effective monitoring mechanism IMTECH Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh -160 036, www.imtech.res.in
to watch the achievement of targets and consequent remedial action on the IITR Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow-226 015, www.itrcindia.org
shortcomings in execution of the programme. NAL National Aerospace Laboratories Bangaluru -560 017, www.nal.res.in
NBRI National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow -226 001, www.nbri-lko.org
Non recovery of Service Tax
NCL National Chemical Laboratory, Pune -411 008, www.ncl-india.org
The Finance Act, 2001 brought rendering of science and technology (S&T) NEERI National Environmental Engineering Resarch Institute, Nagpur -440 020,
consultancy services under the purview of Service Tax. Consequently, Council of www.neeri.nic.in
Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) issued instructions on 8 August 2001 NEIST North-East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat -785 006. www.rrljorhat.org
requiring all the laboratories under its purview to collect Service Tax from their clients NGRI National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad -500 007, www.ngri.org.in
along with the consultancy charges and deposit the tax so collected with the Central NIO National Institute of Oceanography, Goa -403 004, www.nio.org
Excise Authorities within 30 days. National Institute of Oceanography, Goa (NIO), a NIIST National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology,
unit of CSIR, failed to collect and pay the Service Tax on sponsored projects Thiruvananthapuram -695 019, www.niist.csir.res.in
undertaken by it on behalf of various agencies on the ground that CSIR guidelines for NISCAIR National Institute of Science Communication And Information Resources,
technology transfer and utilisation of knowledgebase contemplated charging of New Delhi-110012, www.niscair.res.in
Service Tax only in respect of consultancy services and there was no mention about the NISTADS National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, New Delhi-110012,
payment of such tax on the sponsored projects. Failure of National Institute of www.nistads.res.in
Oceanography, Goa to recover Service Tax from its clients in respect of the sponsored NML National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur - 831 007, www.nmlindia.org
projects resulted in loss of Rs. 82.70 lakh as it had to ultimately make the payment of NPL National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi -110 012, www.nplindia.org
Service Tax to the tax authorities from its own funds. SERC Structural Engineering Research Centre, Chennai - 600 113, www.sercm.org

A-66