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Written by Administrator
Friday, 06 May 2005 00:12
Meningococcal disease is a bacterial infection that occurs commonly in
two forms: Inflammation of the membrane covering the brain and
spinal cord (meningococcal meningitis) or a severe blood infection
(meningococcemia). It is an acute disease caused by a gram negative
bacteria Neisseria meningitidis.
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Meningococcemia is brought about by the spread of the bacteria from the throat to the
bloodstream, causing severe signs and symptoms of hemorrhage and circulatory shock, in
some cases.
1. Headache
2. Nausea
3. Vomiting
4. Myalgias (body pain)
5. Arthralgias (joint pain)
6. Fever may increase dramatically with rapid clinical deterioration
7. In fulminant meningococcemia, a hemorrhagic eruption, hypotension and cardiac
depression may be present within hours of initial presentation.
8. Cutaneous manifestations are common and can be the presenting sign of the disease
9. Petechia
10. Urticarial and maculopapular lesions also may occur initially.
11. Pustules, bullae, and hemorrhagic lesions with central necrosis can develop.
12. Altered mental status
13. Neck stiffness
14. Seizures
15. Nerve palsies
16. Gait disturbance
17. Nauseas
18. Unstable vital signs
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Medical Care:
Surgical Care:
Patients who survive the initial acute phase of fulminant meningococcemia are at risk of
serious complications as a result of poor tissue perfusion.