Earth and Life Science

Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Formation of Magma
Earth and Life Science - Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Formation of Magma
First Edition, 2020

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Earth and Life Science
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Formation of Magma
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Formation of Magma!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Earth and Life Science – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Formation of Magma!

Some of you are not too familiar with the endogenic processes. There are so many
things that it can mean. There are a lot of people who have associated endogenic with
some of the processes of the earth. Take note that because of endogenic processes,
there are so many things that have formed here on earth. The endogenic processes
that the earth has gone through have made it possible for different landforms to
emerge. Take note that there are so many landscapes that may not have been formed
without proper endogenic processes that have occurred in the past.

This module was designed to help you understand of the geologic processes that
occur within the Earth. But this time, this module will provide opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

What I Know
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link

What’s In
the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
 This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

What’s More
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

This includes questions or blank

What I Have Learned
sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

This section provides an activity which will

What I Can Do
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Assessment
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given

Additional Activities
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the

Answer Key
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know

This module is written to help the student to understand the endogenic processes
that occur within the Earth. At the end of this module, student is expected to learn
the following competencies:

1. The learners describe how magma is formed. (S11/12ESIb-15)

1.1. Understand requirements for magma generation
1.2. Differentiate the three tectonic settings where magma is formed
1.3. Trace the process of magma formation.

What I Know

This is the continuation of Endogenic process and this time we will tackle
about how magma is being form (magmatism). Let’s see what we already know
about magmatism. Let’s enjoy doing this activity!

Instructions: Arrange the letters to form the required word that relates on the
formation of magma and what happens after the magma is formed.

1. NOISSERPMOCED
2. LIATRAP
3. SELITALOV
4. AMGAM
5. AVAL
 Lesson

7 MAGMATISM

In the previous module, it tackles Earth’s internal heat. And as we continue

our lesson, this module focusses on the how Earth generate or produce
magma(magmatism). It will help you to understand how magma is being formed. But
before that, let’s have a quick recap about the lesson tackled by the previous module.

What’s In

Label the picture below using the words inside the box.

Radiation Convection Conduction

1. ___________________

2. ___________________

3. ___________________
 Notes to the Teacher
This module prepares students to create and visualize body
shapes according to how they are made or presented in a picture.

What’s New

Magma is extremely hot liquid and semi-liquid rock located under

Earth’s surface. When magma flows onto Earth’s surface, it is called lava.
Earth has a layered structure that consists of the inner core, outer core,
mantle, and crust. Much of the planet’s mantle consists of magma. This
magma can push through holes or cracks in the crust, causing a volcanic
eruption. When magma flows or erupts onto Earth’s surface, it is called lava.
 What is It

Another important thing to know is how does the magma being formed!
We can associate the rock cycle on how magma is being formed. Also, take
note that there are 3 tectonic settings where magma is formed. These are:

(1) mid-oceanic ridges that is an underwater mountain range,

formed by plate tectonics. It uplifts the ocean floor when convection
currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma
where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary,

(2) hot spots are places within the mantle where rocks melt to
generate magma and subduction zones, lastly

(3) the subduction zone where in the biggest crash scene on Earth
happens. These margins mark the collision between two of the planet's
tectonic plates.

Picture 1 shows the basic

process of magma formation,
movement to the surface, and
eruption through a volcanic
vent.

Partial melting of mantle

thru decompression melting
happen where in there is a
decrease in pressure.
Melting because of the
addition of volatiles when mix
with hot, dry rock, decreases
the rock’s melting point and
they help break the chemical
bonds in the rock to allow
melting.
Melting resulting from
heat transfer from rising
Picture 1 magma brings heat with it that
can melt the surrounding rocks
at the shallower depths.
 What’s More

To further understand how Earth, generate magma (magmatism),

match column A to column B.

A B

1. ___________ melting of mantle thru a. lava

decompression melting happen where in b. magma
there is a decrease in pressure. c. subduction zone
d. hotspots
2. an underwater mountain range, e.mid oceanic ridges
formed by plate tectonics. f. partial melting

3. These are places within the mantle

where rocks melt to generate magma and
subduction zones.

4. These margins mark the collision

between two of the planet's tectonic
plates.

5. Extremely hot liquid and semi-liquid

rock located under Earth’s surface.
 What I Have Learned

Instructions: Supply the missing word/s to complete the sentence.

Choose the correct answer from the word pool below and write it on a
separate paper.

WORD POOL

mid-oceanic ridges

decompression melting volatiles

core

subduction zone
magma
mantle lava

1. Where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.

2. __________ is the innermost layer of the Earth.
3. Partial melting of mantle thru _________________ happen where in
there is a decrease in pressure.
4. __________ when mix with hot, dry rock, decreases the rock’s
melting point and they help break the chemical bonds in the rock
to allow melting.
5. _____________ molten rock that breaks through the Earth's
surface.
 What I Can Do

As we about to finish this module, let us first reflect on how Earth’s

Endogenic Processes works and how it affects our lives by completing the
Circle Organizer below. Write the effect of Endogenic process to our lives in
the circle below. Answer as many as you can.

1)

Tectonic Plate
Movements

ENDOGENIC
PROCESSES

3) 2)
 EXCEEDS
MEETS NEEDS NOT VISIBLE
EXPECTATIONS
EXPECTATIONS 8pts IMPROVEMENT 7pts 6pts
10pts

Activity completed on Activity completed on

time; demonstrate time; demonstrate Activity completed on
excellent level of acceptable time; correctly Did not complete
understanding of the understanding of the answered 1 question; the activity and did
topic in presenting the topic in answering the answers are not not answer any of
answers; correctly question; and presented well the questions
answered all questions answered 2 questions
correctly

Assessment

Answer the following questions.

EASY

1. Cite three tectonic settings where magma is formed.

Answer:

2. What is the role of volatiles in the partial melting of rocks?

Answer:

DIFFICULT
3. What is decompression melting?
Answer:

4. Describe how rising magma causes melting.

Answer:
 EXCEEDS MEETS NEEDS
NOT VISIBLE
EXPECTATIONS EXPECTATIONS IMPROVEMENT
6pts
10pts 8pts 7pts
Correctly Correctly answered Correctly Only ≤ 3 of the
answered all the easy questions answered the easy questions
questions and ≤ 1 hard easy questions are correctly
question answered

Additional Activities

Draw a schematic of a cross section of the earth, showing the different

layers of the earth. Include and label (when necessary) the following
parts of the illustration:

1. Different tectonic settings where magma is generated

2. The type of melting that is usually associated with the settings
identified in # 1
What I have Learned:
1. Mid-oceanic ridges
2. Core
3. Decompression melting
4. Volatiles
5. Lava
What’s More:
1. F
2. E
3. D
4. C
5. B
What’s In:
1. RADIATION
2. CONVECTION
3. CONDUCTION
What I Know:
1. DECOMPRESSION
2. PARTIAL
3. VOLATILES
4. MAGMA
5. LAVA
Answer Key
Assessment:
Easy
1. mid-oceanic ridges, hot spots, and subduction zones
2. Volatiles help break the chemical bond in rocks, and at the same time,
lower the melting temperature of rocks.
Difficult
3. Decompression melting is occurred by reducing the pressure at a
constant temperature.
4. Rising magma from the mantle brings heat with it which can melt the
surrounding rocks at the shallower depths.
What can I do:
1. Earthquake, new land formation, Shaping of Earth’s surface
2. Rock cycle, new resources
3. Volcanic eruption, casualties, natural disaster
References
Dela Cruz, A. C. et al. (2016) Earth and Life Science Teaching Guide.
C Commission on Higher Education.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph