Depression And

Anxiety
Presented By

Abdul Mateen
Khan
Presented To

Sir Qaisar
Khalid
Mahmood
What is Depression?
Depression is
a condition
that affects
the mind and
the body .

It as well It is a very
affects common,
physical, highly
mental and treatable,
emotional medical
well being . illness .
 What is Anxiety?

Anxiety is a feeling of fear, worry and uneasiness .

It is often accompanied by muscular tension,

restlessness and problems in concentration .

Anxiety is not the same as fear which is an

immediate threat whereas it is the expectations of
future threat .
Depression & Anxiety
 What are the types of depression and anxiety?

Anxiety
Depression
• Generalized Anxiety
• Major Depression Disorder
• Minor Depression • Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder
• Psychotic Depression • Panic Disorder
• Postpartum Depression • Post-Traumatic Stress
• Situational Depression Disorder
• Seasonal affective • Social Phobia
disorder • Specific Phobia
 Signs and Symptoms of
Clinical Depression
Physical:
•Sleep disturbances-insomnia, oversleeping, waking up early
•Changes in appetite or eating: much more or much less
•Decreased energy, fatigue (exhausted)
•Headaches, stomachaches, digestive problems unexplained

Behavioral/Attitude:
•Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyed, such as going out with
friends, hobbies, sports, sex, etc.
•Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
•Neglecting responsibilities or personal appearance

Emotional:
•Persistent sad or "empty" mood, lasting two or more weeks
•Crying "for no reason"
•Feeling hopeless, helpless, guilty or worthless
•Feeling irritable, agitated or anxious
•Thoughts of death or suicide
Signs and Symptoms of Anxiety
Feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness
Shortness of breath

Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet

Muscle tension
 Diagnosis, tests
and evaluation

• See a doctor
• Rule out all other • See a doctor
possibilities • Interview to discus
• Physical health history to rule
out all other
examination,
possibilities .
Depression interview, and lab
• If symptoms are
tests can be used
Anxiety positive patient will be
• Complete history referred to psychiatrist
of symptoms or psychologist for
special diagnosing .
• Diagnosis is based on
duration and intensity
of symptoms .
Complications

Depression Anxiety
• Alcohol abuse • Depression
• Substance abuse • Substance abuse
• Anxiety • Trouble sleeping
• Work or school problems (insomnia)
• Family conflicts • Digestive or bowel
• Relationship difficulties problems
• Social isolation • Headaches
• Suicide • Teeth grinding (bruxism)
• Self-mutilation, such as • Substance use disorders
cutting
• Premature death from
other medical conditions
 Depression
Treatments & medications
• Fluoxetine (Prozac)
The newest and • Citalopram(Celexa)
most popular types • Sertraline (Zoloft)
of antidepressant • Paroxetine (Paxil)
medications • Escitalopram (Lexapro)
include: • Fluvoxamine (Luvox)

Serotonin and nor

epinephrine •Venlafaxine (Effexor)
reuptake inhibitors
(SNRIs) are similar to •Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
SSRIs and include:
 Alternative Treatments
Psychotherapy- “Talk therapy“

Two main types of psychotherapies-cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

and interpersonal therapy (IPT)-have been shown to be effective in
treating depression by teaching new ways of thinking and behaving.
•Electroconvulsive therapy- ”Shock therapy"

Can provide relief for people with severe depression who have not
been able to feel better with other treatments.

•St. John’s Wart- Top-selling botanical product in US

A trial found that St. John’s wart was no more effective than the
placebo in treating major depression. Still performing clinical trials to
see the benefits on minor depression.
Anxiety Treatments/medications

Medication: Drugs used to reduce the

symptoms of anxiety disorders include anti-
depressants and anxiety-reducing drugs.

Psychotherapy: Dealing with their disorder.

Relaxation therapy
Just to think about….

• If untreated, depression leads to suicide in

about 15% of the people it affects.
• Depression is the leading cause of disability
and premature death in adults and is
predicted to be the second leading cause of
disability in people of all ages by the year 2020.
• Anxiety affects over 40 million Americans each
year (18+ yrs. old)
Effects of training on disease or
patient with disease…

Improved mood

Improved self-concept

Improved work behavior

Decreased depression and anxiety

Improved social networks

 Conclusions
Women are twice as likely to be affected as men by depression and anxiety.

Together they cost $125+ billion per year

Can become life threatening if untreated

Special considerations much be made when planning exercise testing (should

be enjoyed)

Medications (side effects) must be documented to plan testing and exercises

programs accordingly.

Regular exercise is extremely beneficial for patients with depression and anxiety.
Thank you So Much

The End