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D—The voltage must stay the same because the battery by definition provides a constant voltage. Closing the
switch adds an extra parallel branch to the network of resistors. Adding a parallel resistor REDUCES the total
resistance. By Ohm's law, if voltage stays the same and resistance decreases, total current must increase.
12.On which of the following physics principles does Kirchoff 's loop rule rest?
A. conservation of charge
B. conservation of mass
C. conservation of energy
D. conservation of momentum
E. conservation of angular momentum
C—Kirchoff 's loop rule says that the sum of voltage changes around a closed circuit loop is zero. When a
charge gains or loses voltage, it is also gaining or losing energy. The fact that the charge must end up with the
same energy it started with is a statement of energy conservation.
Questions 19 and 20
A uniform magnetic field B is directed into the page. An electron enters this
field with initial velocity v to the right.
19. Which of the following best describes the path of the electron while it is still
within the magnetic field?
A. It moves in a straight line.
B. It bends upward in a parabolic path.
C. It bends downward in a parabolic path.
D. It bends upward in a circular path.
E. It bends downward in a circular path.
E-A charge in a uniform magnetic field takes a circular path because the magnetic force changes direction, so
it's always perpendicular to the charge's velocity. Here the magnetic force by the right-hand rule is initially
down. (Did you think the force on the charge was up? An electron has a negative charge, so the right hand rule
gives a direction opposite to the direction of the force.)
20. The electron travels a distance d, measured along its path, before exiting the magnetic field. How much
work is done on the electron by the magnetic field?
A. evBd
B. zero
C. –evBd
D. evBd sin (d/2π)
E. –evBd sin (d/2π)
B—Work is force times parallel displacement. Because the magnetic force is always perpendicular to the
particle's direction of motion, no work can be done by the magnetic field.
21.The circular wire shown above carries a current I in the counterclockwise direction. What will be the
direction of the magnetic field at the center of the wire?
A. into the page
B. out of the page
C. down
D. up
E. counterclockwise
B—The magnetic field caused by a straight wire wraps around the wire by the right-hand
rule. Consider just little parts of the curvy wire as if the parts were momentarily straight. The part of the wire
at the top of the page produces a B field out of the page in the region inside the loop; the parts of the wire at the
bottom of the page or on the side of the page also produce B fields out of the page inside the loop. These fields
reinforce each other at the center, so the net B field is out of the page.
22.Two parallel wires carry currents in opposite directions, as shown above. In what direction will the right-
hand wire (the wire carrying current I2) experience a force?
A. left
B. right
C. into the page
D. out of the page
E. The right-hand wire will experience no force.
B—The magnetic field produced by I1 is out of the page at the location of wire 2. The current I2 is thus moving
in a magnetic field; the force on that current-carrying wire is given by ILB and the right-hand rule, which
shows a rightward force.
23.A proton moves in a straight line. Which of the following combinations of electric or magnetic fields could
NOT allow this motion?
A. only an electric field pointing in the direction of the proton's motion
B. only a magnetic field pointing opposite the direction of the proton's motion
C. an electric field and a magnetic field, each pointing perpendicular to the proton's motion
D. only a magnetic field pointing perpendicular to the proton's motion
E. only a magnetic field pointing in the direction of the proton's motion
D—An electric field exerts a force on all charged particles parallel to the field; thus situation (A) would slow
the proton down, but not change its direction. Magnetic fields only apply a force if they are perpendicular to a
charge's velocity, so (B) and (E) cannot change the proton's direction. A magnetic field perpendicular to
motion DOES change a proton's direction, but if a suitable electric field is also included, then the electric force
can cancel the magnetic force. So choice D is the only one that must change the direction of the proton.
24. An electron moves to the right in a uniform magnetic field that points into the page. What is the direction of
the electric field that could be used to cause the electron to travel in a straight line?
A. down toward the bottom of the page
B. up toward the top of the page
C. into the page
D. out of the page
E. to the left
A—Use the right-hand rule for the force on a charge. Point in the direction of velocity,
curl the fingers into the page, the thumb points up the page … but this is a negative charge, so the force on the
charge is down the page. Now, the electric force must cancel the magnetic force for the charge to move in a
straight line, so the electric force should be up the page. (E and B fields cannot cancel, but forces sure can.)
The direction of an electric force on a negative charge is opposite the field; so the field should point down,
toward the bottom of the page
25.
26. At what angle from the parallel to the direction of the magnetic field does a wire carrying 8A have to be
oriented so that its 5 m length subject to a 2 T field experiences a force of 2 N?
A. 0°
B. 14.5°
C. 45°
D. 63.5°
E. 90°
B – Use F=IlB sin q : rearranging gives sinθ=0.25. You do not have a calculator, so estimate. There is only
one answer that makes sense.
27.Two parallel wires carry currents I1 and I2 in the same direction and separated by a distance d. The
magnitude of the magnetic force between the wires is F0. What is the force between the wires if each
current is doubled and the separation is quadrupled?
(A) 2F0 (B) 4F0 (C) F0 (D) F0/2 (E) F0/4
C – current-carrying wires
28.An electron with a mass m and charge e enters at a constant speed v a uniform
magnetic field B. What is the radius of the curvature of the electron in the field?
(A)mv/eB (B) eB/mv (C) me/vB (D) mB/ev (E) zero
A – mass spectrometer
29. A vertical wire carries a current straight up in a region of the magnetic field directed north. What is
the direction of the magnetic force on the current due to the magnetic field?
(A) East (B) South (C) North (D) West (E) Applied force is zero
D - RHR
30. A horizontal thin wire has a mass m and length L. The wire carries a constant current I. What must be
the direction of the magnetic field in order to cancel the gravitational force?
(A) Left (B) Right (C) Down the page (D) Out of the page (E) Into the page
st
D – RHR, Newton’s 1 Law
*Bonus:
1. A proton enters a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the field
lines. What is the new path of the proton as it passes the field?
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E
E – mass spectrometer
2. An electron enters a uniform electric field perpendicular to the field lines.
What must be the direction of the magnetic field in order to cancel the electric
force effect?
(A) Left (B) Right (C) Top the page (D) Into the page
(E) Out the page
E - RHR
Solutions http://www.education.com/study-help/article/physics-practice-
exammultiple-choice-questions/