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PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND HEALTH 1
First Semester – Module 1
Aerobic, Muscle and Bone
Strength Activities
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Erlinda G. Dael
Chief ES, CID
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
AND HEALTH 1
First Semester – Module 1
Aerobic, Muscle-and Bone
Strength Activities
This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by
educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We
encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education
at action@deped.gov.ph.
Lesson 1: Aerobics
What I Need to Know ………………………………………………. page 1
What’s In ……………………………………………………… page 1 What’s
New (Activity 1 – Individual Activity) ……………………… page 1 What Is
It (Aerobics) ………………………………………………… page 2 What Is
It (FITT) ………………………………………………………page 2 What’s
More: …………………………………………………. ……. page 3 What I
Have Learned: (Assessment 1) …………………………… page 3
What I Can Do: (Activity 1) …………………………………………. page 4
Summary
Assessment: (Post-Test)
Answer Key ……………………………………………………………………………
Reference ……………………………………………………………………………
OVERVIEW
Welcome to Grade 11 Physical Education! In this module you will learn about the
concepts of aerobic, bone strengthening, and muscle strengthening exercises and its
impact to over-all health. As you go along in this module, you will be constantly asked
to perform different activities as it is believed that learning will be faster if you
experienced it first-hand. These concepts will ultimately allow you to understand
better, first, the differences of the two exercises, and second, its relationship for you
to appreciate and engage in physical activities as part of a healthy lifestyle.
What I Need to Know that are set for you to learn as you go along the
This part contains learning objectives module.
What I can do
These are tasks that are designed to show- case
your skills and knowledge gained, and applied into real-life concerns and situations.
In this module, you will be able to distinguish aerobic from muscle and bone
strengthening exercises and their relationships in building total fitness.
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What I Know
Activity 1: Pre-Test
In this activity, you will be assessed on how ready you are to take the lessons on the
concepts of aerobic, bone strengthening and muscle strengthening exercises.
Choose the best answer.
1. The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to working muscles during
physical activity for a long period of time is called ___ ?
a. Cardiovascular Endurance c. Body Composition
b. Flexibility d. Muscular Strength
2. What is the advantage of exercise?
a. Improved quality of life c. Stress Relief
b. Decrease chronic disease d. All of the above
3. Doing muscular strengthening exercises also develops ones _____?
a. Cardiovascular Endurance c. Flexibility
b. Muscular Endurance d. Bone strength
4. If Randy perform short bursts of lifting very heavy weights with low repetitions,
this type of exercise is called ___?
a. aerobic exercise c. bone strength exercise
b. muscular strength exercise d. anaerobic exercise
5. The ability of a muscle to exert force for a brief period of time is referred as
__? a. Muscular Endurance c. Cardiovascular endurance b. Muscular Strength
d. Flexibility
6. Push up, weight lifting, plyometrics are examples of what
exercises? a. Muscular Endurance c. Cardiovascular Endurance b.
Muscular Strength d. Flexibility
7. Which of the following is not a primary benefit of regular cardiovascular
exercise? a. Increased ability to take in and use oxygen c. Lower blood pressure b.
Improved balance d. Lower pulse rate
8. What does F.I.T.T. stands for?
a. Fitness, Intelligence, Total Turnout
b. Frequency, Intensity, Temperature, Time
c. Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
d. Fun, Intensity, Teamwork, Trust
9. Running, cycling, swimming, and dancing are all examples of what type of
exercise?
a. resistance exercise c. muscular strengthening
b. aerobic exercise d. flexibility exercises
10. When weight lifting for muscular strength, one should lift ____weight and
do____ repetitions?
a. less: fewer c. more: many
b. less: more d. more: fewer
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Lesson 1 Objectives:
1. Distinguishes aerobic from muscle-and bone
strengthening activities.
Aerobics Exercises
What I Need to Know
Aerobic exercise can be defined as any form of exercise or activity that uses the
aerobic metabolism. which means that oxygen is a vital factor in delivering energy to
sustain any activity. Aerobic exercise is used to develop cardiovascular fitness one of
the five and the most important component of health-related fitness.
What’s In
In Junior High School, specifically in quarter 2 (Active Recreation-Fitness), you
were taught about the importance of a healthy lifestyle and weight management
strategies. You experienced activities like strength training, running, walking, yoga,
and aerobic dance. All these are meant to teach you the many ways you stay active,
manage your weight, and promote good health. Apart from it, the FITT formula was
also introduce as guide for you to understand how much of exercise is enough to
reap the benefits of exercise and achieve your fitness goals.
In this module your prior knowledge about FITT and how it is applied in
designing your aerobic workout plan will be further enhanced as you will be provided
with activities to facilitate understanding of both concepts. It is hoped that after
finishing this module you will be able to skillfully design your aerobic workout plan
and enjoy the benefits of aerobic activities more than ever.
What’s New
Pre-Activity: 15-minute Jumping Rope
Precautions: Jumping rope is high impact and requires practice. It looks easy, but
beginners may get tripped up most of the time. For best results, turn the rope with
the wrists, not the arms, and land softly. Only jump high enough to clear the rope.
Variations: Beginners: Jumping on both feet, jumping on one foot, alternating feet
Advance: Jumping on one foot, alternating feet, crossing the feet, jumping with high
knees, double turning the rope
Hold it! Perform a good warm up before and cool down exercises after the activity.
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What is It?
What happens when you engage in aerobic exercise?
Aerobic exercise makes your heart, lungs, and blood vessels more efficient
and capable of moving more oxygen-carrying blood in every single pump throughout
the body thereby improving not only the cardiovascular system but also muscle and
bone fitness
Why aerobic? What are examples of Aerobic activities or exercises?
Aerobic exercises are accessible, it is efficient in terms of cost and space,
offers convenience, and does not require expensive equipment. With a little creativity
and a right formula, you can put together a fitness routine that includes a wide range
of fun and effective aerobic exercises to build muscle, burn calories, and feel better.
Walking, jogging, dancing, stair climbing, riding your bicycle, playing sports,
swimming, rope jumping or even doing household chores are some of the few
moderate to vigorous aerobic activities that you can enjoy…
To develop your aerobic capacity, you need to have a purposive, planned, and
skillful execution of your activity or workout. Below are the factors to guide you in
designing your aerobic workout.
How long
do
Time Type
1hour or more? What variety of aerobic activities
are
you
engaged with?
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How to determine your target heart rate zone?
Calculating the Target Heart Rate Zone using the Heart Rate Reserve:
For example, say your age is 16 and you want to figure out your target heart rate zone for vigorous
aerobic exercise using the HRR method. Follow these simple steps:
A. Subtract 16 from 220 to get 204 — this is your maximum heart rate. B. Check your resting heart rate
first thing in the morning. Say it's 70 beats per minute. C. Calculate your HRR by subtracting 70 from
204. Your HRR is 134.
Ideally, target heart rate zone lower limit should not be lower than 60% of your HRR. What’s
More
Activity 1:
Using the HRR method, determine your aerobic exercise target heart rate zone. Work within
the range of 60%-95%. Ex 60% and 70%
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Activity 2: Table – Aerobic Exercise Plan
Frequency Intensity Type of Exercise/Activity Time/Duration Sun Rest
Mon 170 bpm (80%) HIIT (high intensity interval
training)
Tue What I Can Do
Wed
Thu Activity 3
Fri 15 minutes
Sat
Supply the following columns below with data from your first week of exercise using
your aerobic workout plan. Example is given below for your reference. Submit your
work in PDF format.
Day Description Zone %HRR Activity How It Feels Perceived Benefits
Day 1 12-minute vigorous Day 2 Lower Limit Fat burning increases and
aerobic Day 3 75 Tabata Gasp words or improves
workout Day 4 short phrases. endurance
Breathing hard.
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This is a high impact, very heavy form of exercise as the muscle have to be
deliberately overloaded and experience fatigue, meaning have to work more than its
usual capacity, to be able to improve.
What’s New
Modified Hopscotch. Create a hopscotch grid. In each box, you write one form of
exercise with corresponding number of repetitions like squat 15 times, push up 20
times, burpees 10 times, curl up 20 times, leg raises 15 times, etc.
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Stand with your back facing the grid and small stone (preferably flat) in your hand,
throw the stone with an aim of having it to land in any grid.
Hopscotch your way to the grid where your stone lands and perform the
exercise. What is It
It is also
known as weight bearing or weight loading activity.
.
or force in any
direction.
… unlike
muscle strengthening exercise, the force that impacts the bone are
commonly coming from impact of the ground or surface and
tool/equipme
nt in contact with any part of the body …
What’s More
FITT Applied to Strength Training
Frequency: Just like in aerobic workout, this factor will guide how many days in a
week you should do strength training. From the illustration above, muscular and bone
strengthening exercises can be safely done in 1-2 non-consecutive days in a week
and should follow after a hard exercise session.
Intensity: As in any workout target, intensity in the form of overload, is the most
important factor to consider in muscular and bone strengthening workout. But, unlike
aerobic workout, strength training intensity is determined using the amount of
resistance or load. Sets, repetitions, and load volume are also aspects to consider in
setting the desired intensity. Overload should be measured intelligently or else over
exertion and injury will be most likely making the workout counter-productive.
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Ex. To determine your starting load to develop your pectorals, deltoids, triceps, and
abdominals using push up, you perform push up as many times as these muscles
can perform the exercise up to the point of muscle failure.
Muscle failure is the moment when your muscles are not capable of exerting the
amount of force necessary to complete the current repetition, with a given load.
If in case you are using an implement, like for example a dumbbell, then simply you
just have to perform, triceps curl up to the point of muscle failure.
Time: In this case, time or duration of the muscle and bone strengthening workout is
determined by the number of sets, repetitions, and exercises to be performed in a
given exercise session. Beginners normally start with a single set while those who
have spent 6 or more weeks depending on progress can have 2-3 sets.
Ex. 1 set; 12 repetitions per exercise X number of target muscles or body parts
Type: Refers to the kind of exercises or method you are using. Muscle and bone
strengthening can be achieve using body weight, free weights, weight machines,
exercises such as plyometrics, resistance bonds, and sports such as basketball,
football, and volleyball. Daily activities such as lifting, climbing stairs, pushing heavy
objects also helps in improving muscle and bone strength.
Considering COVID-19 pandemic, identify four different items found at home (your
home) that you can use to improve those body parts that you have chosen. Also, list
four different household chores that you can do for this purpose.
What I Can Do
Activity 2:
A. Research two different exercises which will allow you to use the four helpful
items you identified in Activity 1 that will accurately target muscles of the
different body parts listed in the table below.
B. Determine the initial number of sets and repetitions for each exercise using the
Muscle Failure method.
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Body Part Exercise 1 Load Exercise 2 Load
Set/s Repetitions Set/s Repetitions
Shoulder
Arms
Chest
Abdominals
Legs
Thigh
Upper Back
Additional Activities
Activity 4: Fitness Bingo (combine aerobic, bone and muscle strengthening
exercises)
Activity 5: Challenge the family members for an aero marathon dance competition
(don’t worry if you are not a good dancer, it increases the level of fun, and it’s not
about dancing anyway).
Activity 6: Challenge a few friends for a walk, jog, run competition. Depending on
your level of fitness, you decide how far will be the course.
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Summary
Aerobic exercise is any exercise performed and sustained over a period of time
with oxygen as a necessity to deliver energy. This method is purposely to improve the
capacity of the heart to pump more oxygen-rich blood to the working muscles. This is done
with purpose through careful planning and execution taking into consideration factors like
frequency, intensity, and duration.
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8. The following group of weight bearing activities can help improve growth and
bone strength, except?
a. jumping, running and brisk walking
b. jumping, running, sleeping, and brisk walking
c. texting, running and brisk walking
d. jumping, running, swimming
9. What is a lifestyle change that can increase your level of aerobic, muscular and
bone strength?
a. sleeping c. playing online games
b. being active d. limiting eating options
10. The number of times one should exercise to improve a component of fitness is
called _?
a. Intensity c. Time
b. Frequency d. Progression
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Answer Key
Reference
Chan, KM et. al. F.I.M.S. Team Physician Manual 2nd edition. International
Cooper, Kenneth H. The Aerobics Program for Total Well-Being. M Evans & Co., Inc.
New York 1982
Corbin, Charles, Lindsey, Ruth, Welk, Greg. Concepts of Fitness and Wellness: A
Comprehensive Lifestyle 3rd edition. 1999
Jackowski, Edward J. Hold It! You’re Exercising Wrong. Fireside Rockefeller Center.
New York. 1995
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For Inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Division of Misamis Oriental
Office Address: Del Pilar Corner Velez St., Brgy. 29, Cagayan de Oro City,
9000 Telefax: (088) 881-3094
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