PASTPAPER DOUBTS

June 2010
1. y = 3x + 2x.

(a) Complete the table below, giving the values of y to 2 decimal places.

x 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1

y 1 1.65 5
(2)

(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y from your table, to find an approximate
1
∫0 (3x +2 x) ¿dx ¿
value for .

5. (a) Given that 5 sin θ = 2 cos θ, find the value of tan θ .

(1)
(b) Solve, for 0  x<360°,
5 sin 2x = 2 cos 2x ,

giving your answers to 1 decimal place.

(5)

8.

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a sketch of part of the curve C with equation

y = x3 − 10x2 + kx,

where k is a constant.
 The point P on C is the maximum turning point.

Given that the x-coordinate of P is 2,

(a) show that k = 28 .

(3)

The line through P parallel to the x-axis cuts the y-axis at the point N.
The region R is bounded by C, the y-axis and PN, as shown shaded in Figure 2.

(b) Use calculus to find the exact area of R.

(6)
10. The circle C has centre A(2,1) and passes through the point B(10, 7) .

(a) Find an equation for C.

(4)

The line l1 is the tangent to C at the point B.

(b) Find an equation for l1 .

(4)

The line l2 is parallel to l 1 and passes through the mid-point of AB.

Given that l2 intersects C at the points P and Q,

(c) find the length of PQ, giving your answer in its simplest surd form.

January 2011

5) Given that
(404 ) 40!
= 4!b! ,

(a) write down the value of b.

(1)

In the binomial expansion of (1 + x)40, the coefficients of x4 and x5 are p and q respectively.

q
(b) Find the value of p .
5
2
6. y = 3 x −2
(a) Copy and complete the table below, giving the values of y to 2 decimal places.

x 2 2.25 2.5 2.75 3

y 0.5 0.38 0.2
(2)
(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y from your table, to find an approximate value
3 5
∫2 3 x 2−2 dx
for .
(4)

Figure 2

5
2
Figure 2 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation y = 3 x −2 , x > 1.

At the points A and B on the curve, x = 2 and x = 3 respectively.

The region S is bounded by the curve, the straight line through B and (2, 0), and the line
through A parallel to the y-axis. The region S is shown shaded in Figure 2.

(c) Use your answer to part (b) to find an approximate value for the area of S.
(3)

7) b) Hence solve, for 0  x < 360°,

3 sin2 x + 7 sin x = cos2 x − 4

giving your answers to 1 decimal place where appropriate.

9. The points A and B have coordinates (–2, 11) and (8, 1) respectively.

Given that AB is a diameter of the circle C,

 (a) show that the centre of C has coordinates (3, 6),
(1)
(b) find an equation for C.
(4)
(c) Verify that the point (10, 7) lies on C.
(1)
(d) Find an equation of the tangent to C at the point (10, 7), giving your answer in the form
y = mx + c, where m and c are constants.
(4)
MAY 2011

4. The circle C has equation

x2 + y2 + 4x − 2y − 11 = 0.

Find

(a) the coordinates of the centre of C,

(2)
(b) the radius of C,
(2)
(c) the coordinates of the points where C crosses the y-axis, giving your answers as simplified
surds.
(4)

5.

Figure 1

The shape shown in Figure 1 is a pattern for a pendant. It consists of a sector OAB of a circle
π
centre O, of radius 6 cm, and angle AOB = 3 . The circle C, inside the sector, touches the two
straight edges, OA and OB, and the arc AB as shown.

Find

(a) the area of the sector OAB,

 (2)
(b) the radius of the circle C.
(3)

The region outside the circle C and inside the sector OAB is shown shaded in Figure 1.

(c) Find the area of the shaded region.

(2)

7. (a) Solve for 0  x < 360°, giving your answers in degrees to 1 decimal place,

3 sin (x + 45°) = 2.
(4)

(b) Find, for 0  x < 2, all the solutions of

2 sin2 x + 2 = 7cos x,

giving your answers in radians.

You must show clearly how you obtained your answers.

(6)

8.

Figure 2

A cuboid has a rectangular cross-section where the length of the rectangle is equal to twice its
width, x cm, as shown in Figure 2.

The volume of the cuboid is 81 cubic centimetres.

(a) Show that the total length, L cm, of the twelve edges of the cuboid is given by

162
2
L = 12x + x .
 (3)
JAN 2012

3. (a) Find the first 4 terms of the binomial expansion, in ascending powers of x, of

8
x
( )
1+
4 ,
giving each term in its simplest form.
(4)
(b) Use your expansion to estimate the value of (1.025)8, giving your answer to 4 decimal places.

4. Given that y = 3x2,

(a) show that log3 y = 1 + 2 log3 x.

(3)
(b) Hence, or otherwise, solve the equation

1 + 2 log3 x = log3 (28x − 9).

(3)

6.

Figure 1

Figure 1 shows the graph of the curve with equation

16 x
−
y= x 2
2
+ 1, x > 0.

The finite region R, bounded by the lines x = 1, the x-axis and the curve, is shown shaded in
Figure 1. The curve crosses the x-axis at the point (4, 0).

(a) Complete the table with the values of y corresponding to x = 2 and 2.5.
x 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
 y 16.5 7.361 1.278 0.556 0
(2)
(b) Use the trapezium rule with all the values in the completed table to find an approximate
value for the area of R, giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
(4)

7.

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows ABC, a sector of a circle of radius 6 cm with centre A. Given that the size of angle
BAC is 0.95 radians, find

The point D lies on the line AC and is such that AD = BD. The region R, shown shaded in
Figure 2, is bounded by the lines CD, DB and the arc BC.

(c) Show that the length of AD is 5.16 cm to 3 significant figures.

(2)

Find

(d) the perimeter of R,

(2)
(e) the area of R, giving your answer to 2 significant figures.
(4)

8.

Figure 3
 Figure 3 shows a flowerbed. Its shape is a quarter of a circle of radius x metres with two equal
rectangles attached to it along its radii. Each rectangle has length equal to x metres and width
equal to y metres.

Given that the area of the flowerbed is 4m2,

(a) show that

16−π x 2
y= 8x .
(3)
(b) Hence show that the perimeter P metres of the flowerbed is given by the equation

8
P = x + 2x.
(3)
(c) Use calculus to find the minimum value of P.
(5)
(d) Find the width of each rectangle when the perimeter is a minimum.
Give your answer to the nearest centimetre.
(2)
1
9. (i) Find the solutions of the equation sin (3x – 15) = 2 , for which 0  x  180.
(6)

(ii)

Figure 4

Figure 4 shows part of the curve with equation

y = sin (ax − b), where a > 0, 0 < b < .

The curve cuts the x-axis at the points P, Q and R as shown.

 Given that the coordinates of P, Q and R are
(10π , 0) , ( 3π5 , 0) and
(1110 π , 0) respectively,
find the values of a and b.
(4)
MAY 2012
3.

Figure 1

The circle C with centre T and radius r has equation

x2 + y2 – 20x – 16y + 139 = 0.

(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of C.

(3)
(b) Show that r = 5
(2)

The line L has equation x = 13 and crosses C at the points P and Q as shown in Figure 1.

(c) Find the y coordinate of P and the y coordinate of Q.

(3)

Given that, to 3 decimal places, the angle PTQ is 1.855 radians,

(d) find the perimeter of the sector PTQ.

5.
 Figure 2

Figure 2 shows the line with equation y = 10 – x and the curve with equation y = 10x – x2 – 8.

The line and the curve intersect at the points A and B, and O is the origin.

(a) Calculate the coordinates of A and the coordinates of B.

(5)

The shaded area R is bounded by the line and the curve, as shown in Figure 2.

(b) Calculate the exact area of R.

(7)

6. (a) Show that the equation

tan 2x = 5 sin 2x
can be written in the form
(1 – 5 cos 2x) sin 2x = 0.
(2)
(b) Hence solve, for 0  x  180°,
tan 2x = 5 sin 2x,

giving your answers to 1 decimal place where appropriate.

You must show clearly how you obtained your answers.
.

Figure 3

A manufacturer produces pain relieving tablets. Each tablet is in the shape of a solid circular
cylinder with base radius x mm and height h mm, as shown in Figure 3.

Given that the volume of each tablet has to be 60 mm3,

(a) express h in terms of x,

(1)
120
(b) show that the surface area, A mm , of a tablet is given by A = 2 x + x .
2 2

(3)

The manufacturer needs to minimise the surface area A mm2, of a tablet.

(c) Use calculus to find the value of x for which A is a minimum.

(5)
(d) Calculate the minimum value of A, giving your answer to the nearest integer.
(2)
(e) Show that this value of A is a minimum.
(2)

9. A geometric series is a + ar + ar2 + ...

(a) Prove that the sum of the first n terms of this series is given by

a(1−r n )
Sn = 1−r
 jan2013

3. A company predicts a yearly profit of £120 000 in the year 2013. The company predicts
that the yearly profit will rise each year by 5%. The predicted yearly profit forms a geometric
sequence with common ratio 1.05

(a) Show that the predicted profit in the year 2016 is £138 915 (1)

(b) Find the first year in which the yearly predicted profit exceeds £200 000 (5)

(c) Find the total predicted profit for the years 2013 to 2023 inclusive, giving your answer to
the nearest pound.

7.

Figure 2

The triangle XYZ in Figure 1 has XY = 6 cm, YZ = 9 cm, ZX = 4 cm and angle ZXY = .
The point W lies on the line XY.

The circular arc ZW, in Figure 1 is a major arc of the circle with centre X and radius 4 cm.

(a) Show that, to 3 significant figures,  = 2.22 radians.

(2)

(b) Find the area, in cm2, of the major sector XZWX.

(3)

The region enclosed by the major arc ZW of the circle and the lines WY and YZ is shown
shaded in Figure 1.

Calculate

(c) the area of this shaded region,

(3)

(d) the perimeter ZWYZ of this shaded region.

(4)
 4
3
8. The curve C has equation y = 6 − 3x − x , x ≠ 0.

(a) Use calculus to show that the curve has a turning point P when x = 2.

(4)

(b) Find the x-coordinate of the other turning point Q on the curve.

(1)

9.

Figure 2

The finite region R, as shown in Figure 2, is bounded by the x-axis and the curve with
equation

16
2
y = 27 − 2x − 9√x − x , x > 0.

The curve crosses the x-axis at the points (1, 0) and (4, 0).

(a) Copy and complete the table below, by giving your values of y to 3 decimal places.

x 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

y 0 5.866 5.210 1.856 0
(2)

(b) Use the trapezium rule with all the values in the completed table to find an approximate
value for the area of R, giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
 June 2013

1. The first three terms of a geometric series are

18, 12 and p

respectively, where p is a constant.

Find

(a) the value of the common ratio of the series,

(1)
2.
(b) Write down the expansion of
(2 – 3x)4

in ascending powers of x, giving each term in its simplest form.

(1)

8. (i) Solve, for –180°  x < 180°,

tan(x – 40) = 1.5,

giving your answers to 1 decimal place.

(3)
(ii) (a) Show that the equation

sin  tan  = 3 co s + 2

can be written in the form

4 cos2 + 2 cos  – 1 = 0.
(3)
(b) Hence solve, for 0   < 360°,

sin  tan  = 3 cos  + 2,

showing each stage of your working.

(5)

9. The curve with equation

y = x2 – 32 x + 20, x > 0,

has a stationary point P.

Use calculus
(a) to find the coordinates of P,
(6)
(b) to determine the nature of the stationary point P.
(3)
10.

Figure 4

The circle C has radius 5 and touches the y-axis at the point (0, 9), as shown in Figure 4.

(a) Write down an equation for the circle C, that is shown in Figure 4.
(3)
A line through the point P(8, –7) is a tangent to the circle C at the point T.

(b) Find the length of PT.

(3)
May 2013 R

x
y
2.  (1  x)

(a) Complete the table below with the value of y corresponding to x = 1.3, giving your
answer to 4 decimal places.
(1)

x 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

y 0.7071 0.7591 0.8090 0.9037 0.9487

(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y in the completed table, to obtain an
approximate value for

1.5
 x

1  (1  x) dx

giving your answer to 3 decimal places.

 You must show clearly each stage of your working.
(4)

5. The first three terms of a geometric series are 4p, (3p + 15) and (5p + 20) respectively,
where p is a positive constant.

(a) Show that 11p2 – 10p – 225 = 0.

(4)
(b) Hence show that p = 5.
(2)
(c) Find the common ratio of this series.
(2)
(d) Find the sum of the first ten terms of the series, giving your answer to the nearest integer.
(3)
6. Given that log3 x = a, find in terms of a,

(a) log3 (9x)

(2)

 x5 
 
81
(b) log3  

(3)

giving each answer in its simplest form.

(c) Solve, for x,

 x5 
 
81
log3 (9x) + log3   = 3

giving your answer to 4 significant figures.

(4)

8.
 Figure 2

Figure 2 shows the design for a triangular garden ABC where AB = 7 m, AC = 13 m and
BC = 10 m.

Given that angle BAC = θ radians,

(a) show that, to 3 decimal places, θ = 0.865

(3)

The point D lies on AC such that BD is an arc of the circle centre A, radius 7 m.

The shaded region S is bounded by the arc BD and the lines BC and DC. The shaded region S
will be sown with grass seed, to make a lawned area.

Given that 50 g of grass seed are needed for each square metre of lawn,

**(b) find the amount of grass seed needed, giving your answer to the nearest 10 g.
(7)
9.
(ii) Find all the values of x, in the interval 0 ≤ θ < 360° , for which

9 cos2 x – 11 cos x + 3 sin2 x = 0

giving your answers to 1 decimal place.

(7)
Jan 2014

4. The first term of a geometric series is 5 and the common ratio is 1.2.

For this series find, to 1 decimal place,

(a) (i) the 20th term,

(ii) the sum of the first 20 terms.
(4)

The sum of the first n terms of the series is greater than 3000.

(b) Calculate the smallest possible value of n.

(4)
5. The height of water, H metres, in a harbour on a particular day is given by the equation

 t 
H  10  5sin  
 6 , 0 ≤ t < 24

where t is the number of hours after midnight.

(a) Show that the height of the water 1 hour after midnight is 12.5 metres.
(1)
(b) Find, to the nearest minute, the times before midday when the height of the water is
9 metres.
(6)
7.
 Figure 1

Figure 1 shows a sketch of part of the curve C with equation

y = x3 – 6x2 + 9x + 5

The point P(4, 9) lies on C.

(a) Show that the normal to C at the point P has equation

x + 9y = 85
(6)

The region R, shown shaded in Figure 1, is bounded by the curve C, the y-axis and the normal
to C at P.

(b) Showing all your working, calculate the exact area of R.

(7)
8.

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a circle C with centre O and radius 5

(a) Write down the cartesian equation of C.

(1)

The points P(–3, –4) and Q(3, –4) lie on C.

(b) Show that the tangent to C at the point Q has equation

3x – 4y = 25
(4)
(c) Show that, to 3 decimal places, angle POQ is 1.287 radians.
(2)

The tangent to C at P and the tangent to C at Q intersect on the y-axis at the point R.

(d) Find the area of the shaded region PQR shown in Figure 2.
(4)
9. (a) Show that the equation

5 sin x – cos2 x + 2 sin2 x = 1

can be written in the form

3 sin2 x + 5 sin x – 2 = 0
(2)
(b) Hence solve, for –180° ≤ θ < 180°, the equation

5 sin 2θ – cos2 2θ + 2 sin2 2θ = 1

giving your answers to 2 decimal places.

(7)

May 2014

1.

Figure 1

Figure 1 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation y = √(x2 + 1), x ≥ 0.

The finite region R, shown shaded in Figure 1, is bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the
lines x  = 1 and x = 2.

The table below shows corresponding values for x and y for y = √(x2 + 1).

x 1 1.25 1.5 1.75 2

y 1.414 1.803 2.016 2.236

 (a) Complete the table above, giving the missing value of y to 3 decimal places.
(1)
(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y in the completed table, to find an
approximate value for the area of R, giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
(4)
3. (a) Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of (2 – 3x)6, giving
each term in its simplest form.

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the expansion of

x
( )
1+
2 (2 – 3x)6.

(3)

5.

Figure 2

The shape ABCDEA, as shown in Figure 2, consists of a right-angled triangle EAB and a
triangle DBC joined to a sector BDE of a circle with radius 5 cm and centre B.

The points A, B and C lie on a straight line with BC = 7.5 cm.

π
Angle EAB = 2 radians, angle EBD = 1.4 radians and CD = 6.1 cm.

(a) Find, in cm2, the area of the sector BDE.

(2)
(b) Find the size of the angle DBC, giving your answer in radians to 3 decimal places.
(2)
(c) Find, in cm2, the area of the shape ABCDEA, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(5)
 7
6. The first term of a geometric series is 20 and the common ratio is 8 . The sum to infinity of
the series is S.

(a) Find the value of S.

(2)

The sum to N terms of the series is SN.

(b) Find, to 1 decimal place, the value of S12.

(2)
(c) Find the smallest value of N, for which S – SN < 0.5.
(4)
9.

Figure 3

Figure 3 shows a circle C with centre Q and radius 4 and the point T which lies on C. The
tangent to C at the point T passes through the origin O and OT = 6√5.

Given that the coordinates of Q are (11, k), where k is a positive constant,

(a) find the exact value of k,

(3)
(b) find an equation for C.
(2)
10.

Figure 4 Figure 5

Figure 4 shows a closed letter box ABFEHGCD, which is made to be attached to a wall of a
house.

The letter box is a right prism of length y cm as shown in Figure 4. The base ABFE of the
prism is a rectangle. The total surface area of the six faces of the prism is S cm2.

The cross section ABCD of the letter box is a trapezium with edges of lengths DA = 9x cm,
AB = 4x cm, BC = 6x cm and CD = 5x cm as shown in Figure 5.

The angle DAB = 90° and the angle ABC = 90°. The volume of the letter box is 9600 cm3.

320
2
(a) Show that y = x .
(2)
7680
(b) Hence show that the surface area of the letter box, S cm2, is given by S = 60x2 + x .
(4)
(c) Use calculus to find the minimum value of S.
(6)
(d) Justify, by further differentiation, that the value of S you have found is a minimum.
(2)
 May 2016
4. f(x) = 6x3 + 13x2 – 4

(a) Use the remainder theorem to find the remainder when f(x) is divided by (2x + 3).
(2)
(b) Use the factor theorem to show that (x + 2) is a factor of f(x).
(2)
(c) Factorise f(x) completely.
(4)

___________________________________________________________________________

6. (i) Solve, for –π < θ ≤ π,

 
1  2 cos      0
 5 ,
giving your answers in terms of π.
(3)
(ii) Solve, for 0 ≤ x < 360°,

4 cos2 x + 7 sin x – 2 = 0,

giving your answers to one decimal place.

(Solutions based entirely on graphical or numerical methods are not acceptable.)

(6)
(Total 9 marks)

9.

Figure 4
 Figure 4 shows a plan view of a sheep enclosure.

The enclosure ABCDEA, as shown in Figure 4, consists of a rectangle BCDE joined to an

equilateral triangle BFA and a sector FEA of a circle with radius x metres and centre F.

The points B, F and E lie on a straight line with FE = x metres and 10 ≤ x ≤ 25.

(a) Find, in m2, the exact area of the sector FEA, giving your answer in terms of x, in its
simplest form.
(2)

Given that BC = y metres, where y > 0, and the area of the enclosure is 1000 m2,

(b) show that

y
500 x
x

24

4  3 3
.

(3)
(c) Hence show that the perimeter P metres of the enclosure is given by

P
1000 x
x

12

4  36  3 3
.

(3)
(d) Use calculus to find the minimum value of P, giving your answer to the nearest metre.
(5)
(e) Justify, by further differentiation, that the value of P you have found is a minimum.
(2)

May 2017
3. (a) y = 5x + log2(x + 1), 0⩽x⩽2
Complete the table below, by giving the value of y when x = 1

x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

y 1 2.821 12.502 26.585

(1)
(b) Use the trapezium rule, with all the values of y from the completed table, to find an
approximate value for
2
ò (5
x
+ log 2 (x +1))dx
0

giving your answer to 2 decimal places.

(4)
(c) Use your answer to part (b) to find an approximate value for
 2
ò(5+ 5
x
+ log 2 (x +1))dx
0

giving your answer to 2 decimal places.

(1)
6. f(x) = –6x3 – 7x2 + 40x + 21
(a) Use the factor theorem to show that (x + 3) is a factor of f(x)
(2)
(b) Factorise f(x) completely.
(4)
(c) Hence solve the equation
6(23y) + 7(22y) = 40(2y) + 21
giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
(3)
(Total 9 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________

7. (i) 2 log(x + a) = log(16a6), where a is a positive constant

Find x in terms of a, giving your answer in its simplest form.
(3)
(ii) log3(9y + b) – log3(2y – b) = 2, where b is a positive constant
Find y in terms of b, giving your answer in its simplest form.
(4)
(Total 7 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
8. (a) Show that the equation
cos2 x = 8sin2 x – 6sin x
can be written in the form
(3sin x – 1)2 = 2
(3)
(b) Hence solve, for 0 ⩽ x < 360°,
cos2x = 8sin2x – 6sin x
giving your answers to 2 decimal places.
(5)
(Total 8 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________

9. The first three terms of a geometric sequence are

7k – 5, 5k – 7, 2k + 10
where k is a constant.
(a) Show that 11k2 – 130k + 99 = 0
(4)

Given that k is not an integer,

9
(b) show that k = 11
(2)

For this value of k,

(c) (i) evaluate the fourth term of the sequence, giving your answer as an exact fraction,
(ii) evaluate the sum of the first ten terms of the sequence.
(6)
(Total 12 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________
 Leave
blank
10. 10.
y

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

C O B x

Figure 2

Figure
Figure 2 shows
2 shows a sketch
a sketch ofof
of part part
theofcurve
the curve with equation
with equation

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

3 2
yy==4x
4x 3++9x9x–2 30x – 8,
– 30x –0.5 ⩽ xx ⩽ 2.2
– 8, –0.5 2.2
The curve has a turning point at the point A.
The curve has a turning point at the point A.
(a) Using calculus, show that the x coordinate of A is 1
(a) Using calculus, show that the x coordinate of A is 1 (3)
(3)
æ 1 ö
çè - 4 ,0÷
The curve crosses
The curve the x-axis
crosses at theatpoints
the x-axis B (2, B
the points and0)Cand C æ -ø1 , 0ö
0)(2,
çè ÷
4 ø
The finite region R, shown shaded in Figure 2, is bounded by the curve, the line AB, and
the x-axis.
The finite region R, shown shaded in Figure 2, is bounded by the curve, the line AB, and
the x-axis.
(b) Use integration to find the area of the finite region R, giving your answer to 2 decimal
places.
(7)
(b) Use integration to find the area of the finite region R, giving your answer to 2 decimal
places.
May 2018 (7) DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

28