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http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplefuture.html
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two
forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings.
These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the
differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.
FORM Will
[will + verb]
Examples:
You will help him later.
Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.
FORM Be Going To
[am/is/are + going to + verb]
Examples:
You are going to meet Jane tonight.
Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
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Using "Will"
Examples:
I will send you the information when I get it.
I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
Will you help me move this heavy table?
Will you make dinner?
I will not do your homework for you.
I won't do all the housework myself!
Examples:
I will call you when I arrive.
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If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to
inexpensive health insurance.
I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
Don't worry, I'll be careful.
I won't tell anyone your secret.
Examples:
He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii.
She is not going to spend her vacation in Hawaii.
A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 6 PM.
I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
Who are you going to invite to the party?
A: Who is going to make John's birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make John's birthday cake.
Examples:
The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.
John Smith will be the next President.
John Smith is going to be the next President.
The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.
IMPORTANT
In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is
more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.
Examples:
When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct
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ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever,
still, just, etc.
Examples:
You will never help him.
Will you ever help him?
You are never going to meet Jane.
Are you ever going to meet Jane?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
John will finish the work by 5:00 PM. ACTIVE
The work will be finished by 5:00 PM. PASSIVE
Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. ACTIVE
A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. PASSIVE
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FUTURE – GOING TO —> PLANS
http://www.inglestotal.com/going-to/
Syntax:
Subject + to be + going to + infinitive
Use:
We use the future with “GOING TO” to talk about plans
POSITIVE FORM
Subject Verb To be Going to Infinitive
I Am dance
He / She / It Is Going to Study
We / You / They Are Go shopping
– Maria’s going to travel this holiday.
– They’re going to go to a very expensive restaurant.
– I’m going to come home late.
NEGATIVE FORM
Subject Verb To be + not Going to Infinitive
I Am not Clean
He / She / It Is not (isn’t) Going to Cook
We / You / They Are not (aren’t) travel
– I’m not going to go to the party.
– Juan isn’t going to work today.
– They aren’t going to stay at that hotel.
QUESTION FORM
Question Word Verb To Be Subject Going to Infinitive
What Am not I Do
Where Is not (isn’t) He / She / It Going to Go
—————– Are not (aren’t) We / You / They travel
– What are you going to do later?
– What is she going to cook?
– Are they going to attend the meeting?
– Where is Maria going to study?
Short answers are with the to be verb
- Yes, I am – Yes, you are – No, he isn’t – No, they aren’t etc.
Errores típicos
No use do/does (questions) & el don’t y doesn’t (negatives). Not used because we use the verb to
be.
- INCORRECTO: I don’t going to study. CORRECTO: I‘m not going to study.
- INCORRECTO: Where do you going to go? CORRECTO: Where are you going to go?
- INCORRECTO: Juan going to buy beer. CORRECTO: Juan is going to buy beer.
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Present Forms for the Future
http://englishgrammarsecrets.com/index.html
We use the present continuous to talk about things that we have already arranged to do in the
future.
I've got my ticket. I'm leaving on Thursday.
I'm seeing Julie at 5 and then I'm having dinner with Simon.
He's picking me up at the airport.
The company is giving everyone a bonus for Christmas.
In many situations when we talk about future plans we can use either the present continuous or
the 'going to' future. However, when we use the present continuous, there is more of a suggestion
that an arrangement has already been made.
I'm going to see him./I'm seeing him.
I'm going to do it./I'm doing it.
We use the present simple to talk about events in the future which are 'timetabled'. We can also
use the present continuous to talk about these.
My plane leaves at 6 in the morning.
The shop opens at 9.30.
The sun rises a minute earlier tomorrow.
My plane is leaving at 8.30.
The shop is closing at 7.00.
The sun is rising at 6.32 tomorrow.
Going to
There is no one 'future tense' in English. There are 4 future forms. The one which is used most
often in spoken English is 'going to', not 'will'.
We use 'going to' when we want to talk about a plan for the future.
I'm going to see him later today.
They're going to launch it next month.
We're going to have lunch first.
She's going to see what she can do.
I'm not going to talk for very long.
Notice that this plan does not have to be for the near future.
When I retire I'm going to go back to Barbados to live.
In ten years time, I'm going to be boss of my own successful company.
We use 'going to' when we want to make a prediction based on evidence we can see now.
Look out! That cup is going to fall off.
Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain soon.
These figures are really bad. We're going to make a loss.
You look very tired. You're going to need to stop soon.
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Will
Some people have been taught that 'will' is 'the future' in English. This is not correct. Sometimes
when we talk about the future we cannot use 'will'. Sometimes when we use 'will' we are not
talking about the future.
We can use 'will' to talk about future events we believe to be certain.
The sun will rise over there tomorrow morning.
Next year, I'll be 50.
That plane will be late. It always is.
There won't be any snow. I'm certain. It's too warm.
Often we add 'perhaps', 'maybe', 'probably', 'possibly' to make the belief less certain.
I'll probably come back later.
He'll possibly find out when he sees Jenny.
Maybe it will be OK.
Perhaps we'll meet again some day.
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Degrees of Certainty – Present and Future
CERTAIN ALMOST CERTAIN UNCERTAIN
clue (n.) – information that helps you understand the reasons why something happens
factual (adj.) – something based on fact, something known to be true
factuality (n.) – the degree to which one can accept something as fact, true; based on facts; also
called epistemic (Huddleston 178)
infer (v.) – to form an opinion that something is probably true because of information that you have
inference (n.) – an opinion that is formed on details or knowledge that you have
likelihood (n.) – possibility, probability; whether something true or false
speculation (n.) – a guess about the possible causes or effects of something, without knowing all the facts or details
starve (v.) to die of hunger; starving (adj.) or (participle); starvation (n.) – suffering or death caused by not
enough food.
You may be right. (low certainty) / You might be right (lower certainty) The past modal form expresses
"remoteness". (Huddleston3 §9.8.3.b) Grammar Notes