Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
A Thesis
Doctor of Philosophy
by
Chandra Has
(Roll no. 00000000)
Supervisor:
Supervisor Name
2019
c 2019, by Chandra Has
All rights reserved.
To my Parents
Declaration
I declare that this written submission represents my ideas in my own words and where others’ ideas
or words have been included, I have adequately cited and referenced the original sources. I declare
that I have properly and accurately acknowledged all sources used in the production of this thesis.
I also declare that I have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity and
have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my submission. I
understand that any violation of the above will be a cause for disciplinary action by the Institute
and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been properly cited or from
whom proper permission has not been taken when needed.
Chandra Has
(00000000)
vii
Certificate
The thesis entitled “How to Create Fancy Thesis in LATEX” submitted by Chandra Has (Roll
no. 00000000) may be accepted for being evaluated.
ix
Acknowledgements
This section is for the acknowledgements. Please keep this brief and resist the temptation of
writing flowery prose! Do include all those who helped you, e.g. other faculty/staff you consulted,
colleagues who assisted etc.
Chandra Has
IIT Bombay
December 16, 2020
xi
Abstract
This describes the basics for using LATEX to typeset a thesis, annual progress seminar, dissertation,
or any project report for Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (dept. of chemical engineering).
First chapter describes briefly about the basics of LATEX. Chapter 2 introduces the way to write
nomenclature and references for the document. Figures are explained in chapter 3 with mentioning
about what a cross-referencing is. Chapter 4 introduces the tables while general guidelines for
using mathematics are described in chapter 5.
xiii
Table of Contents
Contents Page
Acknowledgments xi
Abstract xiii
1 An Introduction to LATEX 1
1.1 LAT
EX installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 How to use LATEX? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 A Sample LATEX file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Document structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.5 Various sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.6 Common mistakes and errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Literature 7
2.1 How to write nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.1 Grouped nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1.2 Some examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.1.3 Compilation steps for updating nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2 How to generate references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.2.1 Some examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 Compilation steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Experimental 11
3.1 Figure and subfigures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1.1 Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1.2 Subfigures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 Cross-referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4 Results 15
4.1 Table and subtables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
xv
xvi Table of Contents
5 Conclusions 17
5.1 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
References 23
List of Publications 25
List of Figures
xvii
List of Tables
xix
1
CHAPTER
An Introduction to LATEX
With this document class, a master’s dissertation or a doctoral thesis or a seminar report can be
produced. In the present chapter, we will learn some basic concepts about the use of LATEX. This
manual specially has been prepared for testing the chthes.cls file and to provide a documentation
for this class file. The document class allows to generate:
1. Title page
3. Abstract
4. Dedication
6. Declaration
7. Certificate
8. Acknowledgments
12. Bibliography
13. Appendices
1. Tex distribution:
1
2 An Introduction to LATEX
2. Editor:
(a) For Windows: TeXmaker (recommended for beginners), TeXstudio (my recommenda-
tion), TeXworks, Kile (beta), TeXnicCenter, AUCTeX, Emacs, Gummi, LEd, LyX and
Scientific WorkPlace (WYSIWYM), Notepad++, Vim, Inlage (paid), WinEdt (paid), ....
(b) For Linux and other Unix-like system: Kile, Texmaker, TeXstudio, TeXworks, Emacs,
Vim , ....
(c) For Mac OS: Emacs, TeXshop, TeXpad, AUCTeX, Kile (beta), Texmaker, TeXstudio,
Vim, Latexian, ...
1. Creating and saving of source file: Save as .tex, e.g., name.tex (X), name file.tex (×),
name-file.tex (X), name.file.tex (×)
2. Document class: Predefined formats such as article, report, book, letter, beamer, poster, etc.
\documentclass[options]{class}
3. Packages: added functionality such as graphics, reference style, table format, etc.
\usepackage[]{package name}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
1. Use oneside for article, and twoside and openright options in document class for re-
port/book/thesis, e.g.,
\documentclass[11pt,a4paer,twoside,openright]{report}
4. Use page numbering with \pagenumbering{style}, where style- roman, Roman, arabic,
alph, Alph
7. Use \clearpage for onside and \cleardoublepage for twoside, these commands correct
the page numbering in the toc
8. If requires, use \phantomsection for correcting the bookmark link to the document
Pdflatex main
View Pdf
command. Everything that is written before the \begin{document} command is known as the
preamble. Note that the preamble is part which only can contain LATEX commands to describe
the document’s style. One command that must be added in the preamble is the \documentclass.
This should be very first command in the preamble. It specifies the overall style for the document.
In the fig. 1.1, document class is article, and the document that you are reading was generated
with the chthes class.
Last two (paragraph and subparagraph) of the given sections are not numbered; they are just
lower level of sections. \chapter is not used ‘article’ class of the document. These commands
1.6 Common mistakes and errors 5
must be used in the given order, since sections are numbered within chapters, subsections within
sections, subsubsections are numbered within subsections. Apart from this, a seventh sectioning
command (optional command), \part, is also available. It is used to separate a large document into
series of parts and moreover it does not affect the numbering used for any of the other commands.
With command \tableofcontents, a list of contents containig the information from various
sectioning commands can be included. LATEXsould be processed twice to get a correct table of
contents.
• Improperly matched braces ‘{’ and ‘}’—note that they should always come in pairs.
LATEX sometimes prints warning messages. They notify errors that were not bad enough to
cause LATEX to stop compiling, but however, may require to investigate the issues. ‘Overfull’ and
‘underfull’ warnings are very common problems that can be seen in the message. For example,
shows that LATEX is not able to get a good place to break a line when laying out a paragraph.
As a consequence, it was forced to allow the line stick out into the right-hand side, in this case by
17.39076 points. However, a point is about 1/72 times of an inch so this badness could be be rather
difficult to see, but it will be there none the less. This error can be simply avoided by enclosing the
entire offending paragraph between \begin{sloppypar} and \end{sloppypar} commands.
Conversely, messages about “Underfull \hbox’es” may also appear. These are lines which
have more space inserted between words than LATEX would allow. Generally, there is not much
that we can do about these warnings. Our output will look fine, even if the lines look a little bit
stretched.
2
CHAPTER
Literature
A list of symbols and references can be generated with this class file. For generating of nomenclature
list, ‘MakeIndex’ program is very powerful tool which automatically generates such a list using
information provided by the author throughout the text. In the present chapter, we will see the use
of ‘BibTeX’ and ‘MakeIndex‘ programs for this class file.
1. Use \nomenclature{symbol}{description} for symbols, the best place for this com-
mand is immediately after you introduce the symbol for the first time
7
8 Literature
2. \nmA[AO]{AOR}{Angle of repose}
3. \nmR[Ra]{$R$}{Radius of circle}
4. \nmR[ra]{$r$}{Intrinsic length}
5. \nmR[Gr]{$G_\mathrm{r}$}{Gravity}
6. \nmG[al]{$\alpha_{\mathrm{a}}$}{Angular acceleration}
7. \nmG[et]{$\eta$}{Viscosity}
8. \nmG[be]{$\beta$}{Shape factor}
9. \nmS[v]{$v$}{Vapor phase}
11. \nms[i]{$i$}{Indices}
13. \nmX[f]{foo}{foo
1. Create a new file and save it into ‘bib‘ extension, e.g., mybib.bib (X), mybib file.bib (×),
mybib-file.bib (X)
2. This file must be included without the .bib extension in the main file as:
\bibliography{mybib} (see this into Thesis.tex).
3. Write source informations in the bib file (see examples in mybib.bib file)
4. Use the given commands for citing the references-\citet{key}⇒ Author (year),
\citep{key}⇒ (Author, year), \citeauthor{key}⇒ Author,
\citeyear{key}⇒ year
2.3 Compilation steps 9
CHAPTER
Experimental
2. Set the graphics position. This can be done with the help of placement specifiers (placement
specifier- h, t, b, ht, tb, htb, tbp, htbp, !h, !t, !b, !hb, !htb, !htbp, !tbp, where h=here, t=top,
b=bottom). See the source code.
3. If images are in a separate folder then set the path and use the below command-
\includegraphics[optional]{path/imagefile}
or use this command in the preamble:
\graphicspath{{imagepath/}},
and then use- \includegraphics[optional]{imagefile}
3.1.1 Figure
See fig. 3.1 and also look the source code in the exp.tex file.
3.1.2 Subfigures
See fig. 3.2 and also look the source code in the exp.tex file.
3.2 Cross-referencing
1. LATEX helps to refer almost anything that is numbered (e.g., chapter, section, figure, table,
equation, page), and it take cares of numbering with the update whenever require.
11
12 Experimental
Figure 3.1: Long caption will come here (Wiley et al., 2012).
(a) (b)
Figure 3.2: Long caption will come here. (a) Subfigure from Zhang and Huang (2011), and (b) subfigure
from Wang et al. (2009).
3.2 Cross-referencing 13
3. Crate a key for object with \label{key} and refer this object at anywhere in the document
with \ref{key}, for page- \pageref{key}, for equation- \eqref{key}.
5. Use tilde (~) which creats a non-breaking space, e.g., See Table~\ref{key} or
see~\cref{key}.
6. \label must be placed inside an environment with a counter, such as table, figure, equation,
etc.
CHAPTER
Results
T1 T2 T3 T4
a 1 2 3
b 4 5 6
c 7 8 9
d 10 11 12
15
16 Results
Term Definition
Analyte (or Eluite) Component to be separated during chromatography
Bonded phase A stationary phase which is covalently bonded to the support
Chromatogram Visual output of the chromatograph. Different peaks on the chro-
matogram indicate to different components of the sample
Detector The instrument that is used for qualitative and quantitative detection
of analytes after separation
Elution The process of washing out a component through a column using a
suitable solvent
T1 T2
1 2 3
5 6
x
8 9
CHAPTER
Conclusions
5.1 Mathematics
General guidelines:
\(formula\) or $ formula $
e.g., A parabolic expression is given as y2 = 4ax.
2. Display math: displayed formula is separated from the main text, written inside
\[formula\] or $$ formula $$
e.g., A parabolic expression is given as
y2 = 4ax
\begin{equation}
y^2 = 4ax
\end{equation}
y2 = 4ax (5.1)
1 b b3
c = a2 [ + { 2 + k( 4 )}]
b a a
17
18 Conclusions
$$ c = a^2\left[\frac{1}{b} + \left\{\frac{b}{a^2} +
k\left(\frac{b^3}{a^4}\right)\right\}\right] $$ ⇒
3
2 1 b b
c=a + 2 +k 4
b a a
6. Trigonometric fn.:
$ sinx, cosx, tanx, secx, cosecx, cotx $ ⇒
sinx, cosx,tanx, secx, cosecx, cotx [×]
$ \sin x, \tan x, \cos x, \sec x, \cot x $ ⇒
sin x, tan x, cos x, sec x, cot x [X]
7. Exponential:
$ exp(-x)$ ⇒ exp(−x) [×] ,
\exp(-x) ⇒ exp(−x) [X]
8. Text inside math:
9. Calculus:
Z
x
$$ y = \int xe^{\frac{x}{2}}dx $$ ⇒ y = xe 2 dx [×]
Z
x
$$ y = \int xe^{\frac{x}{2}}\,\mathrm{d}x $$ ⇒ y = xe 2 dx [X]
\begin{align}
\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{\sin2h}{h} =1,\\
\lim_{h\to 0}\frac{\sos h\cin h}{h} =1.
\end{align}
sin 2h
lim = 1, (5.2)
h→0 h
sin h cos h
lim = 1. (5.3)
h→0 h
5.1 Mathematics 19
11. Subequations:
y2 = 4ax (5.4a)
y = x/2 (5.4b)
\begin{bmatrix}
a & b &c \\
c & d & e\\
f & g & h
\end{bmatrix}
a b c
bmatrix: c d e
f g h
a b c
a b c a b c
Bmatrix: c d e ; vmatrix: c d e; pmatrix: c d e
f g h f g h f g h
" #
a b c
13. Submatrix: c d e
f g h
APPENDIX
A
Title of the Current Appendix
Appendix content . . .
21
References
Batzri, S. and Korn, E. D. (1973). Single bilayer liposomes prepared without sonication. Biochimica
et Biophysica Acta, 298:1015–1019.
Jariwala, S. (2000). Lattice Boltzmann simulation of lamellar phase. Master’s thesis, Chemical
Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Luding, S. (1994). Models and Simulations of Granular Materials. PhD thesis, Albert-Ludwigs-
Univetsität Freiburg.
Smith, D. E. (1999). Private communication. Duc at has the communication regarding the details
passed on by Smith.
Sunthar, P. (2003). Calculation of fixed point in the Zimm model: revisited. Unpublished notes.
Wang, X., Wang, Y., Chen, Z. G., and Shin, D. M. (2009). Advances of cancer therapy by
nanotechnology. Cancer Research and Treatment, 41(1):1–11.
Wiley, N. J., Madhankumar, A. B., Mitchell, R. M., Neely, E. B., Rizk, E., Douds, G. L., Simmons,
Z., and Connor, J. R. (2012). Lipopolysaccharide modified liposomes for amyotropic lateral
sclerosis therapy: efficacy in SOD1 mouse model. Advances in Nanoparticles, 1(1):44–53.
Zhang, Z. and Huang, G. (2011). Micro-and nano-carrier mediated intra-articular drug delivery
systems for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Journal of Nanotechnology, 2012:1–11.
23
List of Publications
Put your publications from the thesis here. The packages multibib or bibtopic or biblatex
or enumerate environment or thebibliography environment etc. can be used to handle multiple
different bibliographies in the document.
25