23 NOZZLE CALCULATIONS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE

23.1 NOZZLE WALL THICKNESS FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE [AS PER PG-43]

Nozzle Mark No. - N1, N2

Location - Shell
Nozzle Material - SA 106 GR. B [Carbon Steel]
Type of Nozzle - Radial Nozzle Pipe

Design Parameters Value Unit

Nozzle Size DN 150
P Internal Design pressure for calculation 3.512 Mpa g
PExt External design pressure 0 Mpa
TIN Design Temperature (Internal) 288 ᴼC
do Outside Diameter of Nozzle 168.28 mm
Ro Outside Radius of Nozzle 84.14 mm
CA Corrosion Allowance for nozzle 3 mm
Sn Allowable Stress for nozzle material at Design Temperature 118 Mpa
E Joint Efficiency (Seamless pipe) 1 [Full]
y Temperature coefficient [As per PG-27.4.6] 0.4
C Addaptive thickness 0 mm

1) Minimum neck thickness required (ta) :-

trn = P do + C.A + C
2 Sn E + 2yP

trn = 3.512 x 168.28 + 3 + 0 5.475 mm

2 x 118 x 1 + 2 x 0.4 x 3.512

2) t1 = AS PER PG-43 (a) Minimum Required thickness of a seamless shell or head 19.55 mm

t2 = minimum wall thickness of Standard wall pipe SCH. 40 7.11 mm

3) t3 = AS PER PG-43 (b ) minimum wall thickness of Standard wall pipe plus corrosion and erosion allowances

t3 = 0.875 * t2 + C.A + C 9.22 mm

5) t4 = Min [ t1 , t3 ]
= Min 19.55 9.22 9.22 mm

6) Minimum Required thickness , t PG-43 = Max ( trn , t4 )

t PG-43 = Max 5.475 9.22 9.22 mm

7) Selected nozzle neck thickness (For Pipe Nozzle) SCH. 80 10.97 mm

to =
Selected nozzle neck thickness (For Plate Manufactured Nozzle) NR mm

8) tmin = Minimum provided thickness (Corroded) = (to * N)

tmin = to * 0.875 9.60 mm

tmin > t PG-43 Safe Note : N = 0.875 For Seamless Pipe Nozzles.
N = 1 For Fabricated & Forged Nozzles.

9) d = Inside diameter of nozzle ( corroded ) = do - 2tmin + (2C.A+C) = 155.08 mm

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 23.2 CHECK FINISHED OPENING SIZE FOR OFFSET NOZZLE IN VESSEL

Nozzle Mark No. - N1, N2

Location - Shell
Type of Nozzle - Radial Nozzle

Design Parameters Value Unit

Nozzle Size DN 150

C Corrosion Allowance for nozzle 3 mm
tn Corroded thickness of nozzle 7.97 mm
Rn Inside radius of Nozzle (Corroded) (d/2) 77.54 mm
Loff Offset Length 0 mm
Shell
C Corrosion Allowance 3 mm
D Inside diameter 1260 mm
Dc Inside diameter corroded = [D + (2*C)] 1266 mm
R Inside Radius corroded 633 mm
tc Shell Corroded thickness = 20 - 3 17 mm
Rm Mean radius = R + (tc/2) 641.5 mm
Head
D Inside diameter 1260 mm
Dc Inside diameter corroded = [D + (2*C)] 1266 mm
L Inside crown radius = K1 * Dc 1139.4 mm
tc Head Corroded thickness = 22 - 3 19 mm
Rm Mean radius = L + (tc/2) 1148.9 mm

(a) Finished Opening Chord length :-

Perpendicular to longitudinal axis

x1 = Loff + Rn = NR mm
x2 = Loff - Rn = NR mm
y1 = √ Rm² - x1² = NR mm
y2 = √ Rm² - x2² = NR mm

d = √ (x1 - x2)² + (y2 - y1)²

d = NR mm

(b) Finished Opening Chord length : -

Parallel to longitudinal axis

d = 155.08 mm

N.R - Not Required

23.3 AS PER PG-32.1.4
Openings in vessels not subject to rapid fluctuations in pressure do not require Condition met
reinforcement.
20 mm Thk. Shell
AS PER PG-32.1.4 (b) Finished opening upto 60 mm in vessel shells or heads 22 mm Thk. Head
Condition not met

Hence above Condition not met , Therefore this nozzle is not exempted from reinforcement

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 23.4 NOZZLE REINFORCEMENT CALCULATION AS PER PG-33

Design Parameters Value Unit

PDesign pressure for calculation 3.512 MPa
d Finished diameter opening 155.08 mm
Rn Inside Radius of nozzle under consideration 77.54 mm
tnNozzle Thickness (corroded) = (tmin - C) = 9.60 - 3 - 0 6.60 mm
teThickness of reinforcing Element 20 mm
t Specified Shell thickness (corroded) 17 mm
tr Shell Required thickness (corroded) = 19.55 - 3 - 0 16.55 mm
tiNominal thickness of internal projection 0 mm
ho Nozzle Projection ouside 200 mm
h Nozzle Projection inside = (t + smaller of (2.5t or 2.5 tn or Actual inside Proj.)) 17 mm
trnNozzle Wall Required thickness = 5.475 - 3 - 0 2.475 mm
Sv vessel Allowable Stress 136.5 MPa
Sp RF Pad Allowable Stress 136.5 MPa
Sn Nozzle Allowable Stress 118 MPa
FCorrection factor 1
E1 When an opening is in the solid plate 1
fr1 Strength Reduction factor = Sn/Sv = 118 136.5 0.864
Strength Reduction factor = Sn/Sv = 118 136.5 0.864
fr2 Strength Reduction factor = Min(Sn or Sp /Sv) = 118 or 136.5 136.5 0.864
fr3 Strength Reduction factor = Sp/Sv = 136.5 136.5 1

Reinforcement Area Required for Nozzle [A]: [UG-37 ( c)]

A = d + 2 * tn) * tr * F
A = 155.08 + 2 x 6.60 x 16.55 x 1 2785.03 mm²

Area Available in Shell [A1]

A1' = (d - 2tn) (t - Ftr)

A1' = 155.08 - 2 x 6.60 x 17 - 1 x 16.55 63.85 mm²

A1'' = 2 t (t - F tr)

A1'' = 2 x 17 x 17 - 1 x 16.55 15.3 mm²

A1 = Larger of ( A1' , A'') = Larger of 63.85 , 15.3 63.85 mm²

Area Available in Nozzle Projecting Outward, [A2]:

A2' = 2 (tn - trn) (2.5*t*fr1)

= 2 x 6.60 - 2.475 x 2.5 x 17 x 0.864 302.94 mm²

A2'' = 2 (tn - trn) (2.5 tn + te) fr1

= 2 6.60 - 2.475 x 2.5 x 6.60 + 20 x 0.864 260.172 mm²

A2 = Smaller of ( A2' , A2'') = Smaller of 302.94 , 260.172 260.172 mm²

Area Available in inward Nozzle , [A3]:

A3 = 2 tn fr1 h = 2 x 6.60 x 0.864 x 17 193.88 mm²

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 2
A41 = (Outward Nozzle Weld) = WL1² x fr2 = 9 0.864 69.984 mm²

2
A42 = (Outer Element Weld) = WL2² x fr3 = 14 1 196 mm²

2
A43 = (inward nozzle weld) = WL3² x fr1 = 0 0.864 0 mm²

Area Available in Element [A5]:

Dpad = Outside diameter of reinforcing element 278 mm

Effective material diameter limit of R.F Pad, DL (parallel to vessel wall)

DL = Max( 2d, 2(Rn+ tn + t) )
DL = Max 2 x 155.08 , 2 x 77.54 + 6.6 + 17 310.16 mm

Effective Diameter of Pad, Dp

Dp = Smaller of Dpad And DL = Smaller of 278 310.16 278 mm

Effective R.F Pad Thickness limit, TL

TL = Min ( 2.5t , (2.5 tn + te)) = Min 2.5 x 17 2.5 x 6.6 + 20 36.5 mm

Effective Pad Thickness, te

te = Smaller of Tpad and TL = Smaller of 20 36.5 20 mm

Area available in pad [A5] :-

A5 = (Dp - d - 2tn) * te * fr3
A5 = 278 - 155.08 - 2x 6.6 x 20 x 1 2194.4 mm²

Total Available Area with reinforcing pad

AV = A1 + A2 + A3 + A41 + A42 + A43 + A5
AV = 63.85 + 260.172 + 193.88 + 69.984 + 196 + 0 + 2194.4
AV = 2978.286 mm² > 2785.03 mm² ( A ) Safe

Since Available Area AV is greater than Area required A, Hence Opening is adequately safe.

23.5 NOZZLE FILLET SIZE [As Per PW-16.2]

Design Parameters Value Unit

tn Nozzle Nominal Thickness 10.97 mm
t Nominal thickness of vessel 20 mm

tmin = Min (19, tn, t) = Min 19 10.97 20 10.97 mm

tc = Min (6, 0.7 * tmin) = Min 6 7.679 6 mm

Required weld leg for nozzle fillet :-

leg = tc / Sin 45 = 6 0.707 8.487 mm
Provided 9 mm
FILLET SIZE FOR PAD

tminp = Min (19, te,t) = Min 19 20 20 19 mm

tcp = 0.5x tminp = 0.5 x 19 9.5 mm

leg = tcp/sin 45 = 9.5 0.707 13.437 mm

Provided 14 mm

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