Divine Word College of Calapan Senior High School 1

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF E-LEARNING TO THE

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF CALAPAN

Presented to the Faculty of the School of Basic Education

Divine Word College of Calapan

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Academic Strand

Accountancy, Business and Management

DANICA M. AQUINO

MIKYRA JAZAE O. BROTONEL

ANIEL DAVE D. HERNANDEZ

EILISH DEN G. ONDA

GRACIELLE F. RAMIREZ

December 2020
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Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Learning to the Academic Performance

of Senior High School Students in Divine Word College of Calapan

Introduction

Today, internet seems limitless it has been occupying an indestructible space

in every field, IT is indefinable. E-learning or electronic learning is one essential

boon of internet among many others. It refers to a learning management system,

which provides education and training through an online mode. It constitutes

classes in schools along with a teacher, training programs, or full time distance

education. Popularity and affordability of smart phones, computers, laptops,

tablets and accessibility of internet has raised the discussion regarding e-learning

inclusion in conventional teaching methods. This new learning system comprises

huge scope in several streams but few limitations affect its mass utilization. E-

learning has become an increasingly popular approach to learning in higher

education institutions to the rapid growth of internet technology.

Moreover, one study suggest that having no barriers is one of the advantages

of e-learning unlike traditional education system, e-learning doesn’t confine its

students inside a four walls, but provide knowledge through an e-learning tool,

that can operate under an open sky or wherever an individual feels comfortable.

Location or geographical gap isn’t a problem, as one can endure a classroom

environment at home with e-learning tool. Secondly, high learning ability as per

psychology, a human brain can easily learn videos or audios. E-learning shares

all the format kinds including videos, slideshows, word documents, and PDFs. It
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offers various other options to the users such as webinars i.e. live online classes

and interaction with the professors through chat forum. This way, a student can

clear doubts concerning the topics taught in the real time, as in physical

classroom.

According to Clark and Mayer (2016) e-learning is instruction delivered through

digital devices such as desktop computer, laptop, tablet or smart phone that is

intended to support learning. Some of features regarding e- learning includes

content relevant to the learning objective and it can be instructor-led (synchronous

e-learning) or designed for self-paced individual study (asynchronous e-learning).

It also helps learners build new knowledge and skills linked to individual learning

goals or to improve organizational performance.

Nowadays, classroom teaching no longer simply relies on chalk and

blackboard as the prime medium for course dissemination. Electronic learning

technologies have made it possible to provide a virtual classroom environment on

the web through supporting teacher-student and student-student communication

course material distribution as well as online student’s assessments. They provide

students with more control over their learning schedule and pace Lau et.al (2014)

Over the last few years, intuitive learning software has seen leaps in offering a

complete learning experience that is fun, interactive, and ultimately engaging. The

researchers can see from newspapers and televisions reports, most higher

education institutions are using e-learning to improve the education of students

and enhance their technology skills. E-learning can give tons of positive effects
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but every pros has its cons, they are like a twin brother who always comes

together. Computer technology provide convenience and make life easier in many

ways especially in education.

Furthermore, most countries considered e-learning as the main way of

learning, it is generally have everything that a student need. E-learning is an

online learning platform that is an integrated set of interactive online services that

provide trainers, learners, and others involved in education with tools, information,

and resources to support and enhance education delivery and management. It is

a virtual system of education that is convenient, accessible, and effortless.

Teachers can provide valuable information, lecture or share one or the other

learning experiences with his students but face to face learning is more personal

and reliable for most of the students today.

This research paper shall benefit the future researchers in determining the

possible advantages and disadvantages of e-learning to the academic

performance of Senior High School Students. This study will also help teachers

who are planning and conducting learning episodes and to the school heads who

are preparing the learning continuity plan of the school. This research will serve

as an eye opener to the parents who are expecting their children to learn from this

method.

Scope and Delimitations

This research paper focuses on the positive and negative effect of E-Learning

to the Academic Performance of a student .The data collection will be conducted

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to some Senior High school Students of Divine Word College of Calapan, school

year 2020-2021.The study would be done through the use of questionnaires,

interviews, and the analyzing skills of the researcher.

The researchers aim to describe and give information about e-Learning .The

study will determine its different effects to the new normal set up on students.

Objectives of the Study

This study aims to identify the advantages and disadvantages of e-learning to

the Academic Performance of selected Senior High School Students.

More specifically, this research seeks to answer the following objectives; to

know what is e- learning; to identify what are the advantages and disadvantages

of e-learning to the academic performance of SHS students ;to conduct a case

study.

Assumptions of the Study

1. There are possible advantages of e-learning to the academic performance of

SHS students

2. There are possible disadvantages of e-learning to the academic performance

of SHS students.

Review of Related Literature

E-learning

According to Verna (2018) e-learning is an umbrella term that is used to

describe a wide variety of electronic ways that enable access to education, and
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the process in itself. These include: virtual classrooms, web-based learning,

computer-based learning, digital collaboration, video and audio recordings,

interactive TV and many more. Thus, e-learning is suited to flexible learning

methods and distance learning. E-learning can however be coupled with face to

face instruction, which is called blended learning. E-learning is very flexible as

learners can access material at any time they want. Students who reside at places

that are distant to the physical classrooms or those who do not have the time to

be with the instructor, have the luxury of choosing a time of their convenience, to

go through school coursework.

According to Arasteh et al. (2014), Draghici et al. (2014), and Mustea et al.

(2014); e-learning is the method which allows people especially students to take

courses form home or anywhere as he/she can access the internet, among other

platforms such as peer-to-peer, client-server, and web services.

Horton (2011) defines e-learning as a set of instructions delivered via all

electronic media such as the internet, intranets, and extranets. Thus, by

eliminating the barriers of time and distance, individuals can now take charge of

their own lifelong learning Almajali et al. (2016) and Obeidat et al.( 2015).

Moreover,Moravec et al. (2015) mentioned that there are several studies which

are looking at how e-learning tools affects the result of students such as Fatih

Baris and Tosun (2013) who described the influence of using e-tools in the

education process at the high school and concluded the positive influence of this
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tool on students. In addition, the e-learning platforms allowed users to access

information on the personal.

According to Sander Tamm (2019) e-learning, also referred to as online

learning or electronic learning, is the acquisition of knowledge which takes place

through electronic technologies and media. In simple language, e-learning is

defined as learning that is enabled electronically”. Typically, e-learning is

conducted on the Internet, where students can access their learning materials

online at any place and time. E-Learning most often takes place in the form of

online courses, online degrees, or online programs.

Furthermore, e-learning is the use of Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) to deliver information for education where instructors and

learners are separated by distance, time, or both in order to enhance the

learner’s learning experience and performance Tarhini et al.(2016).

E-learning (electronic learning) is on the rise, and as technology is constantly

evolving and new inventions appear, e-learning concept is changing too.

Practitioners and researchers re-adapt their perspective and have yet to agree

on common definitions and terminologies of the term Pande, Wadhai, &

Thakare, (2016).

E-learning can bring out many benefits for both universities and students

Bhuasiri,et al. (2012).For universities, e-learning helps universities save

substantial costs related to the investment in physical teaching and learning

infrastructures.With e-learning, students can completely control the pace and

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rhythm of their studies as they are not required to attend physical classes on

campus (Bhuasiri et al. 2012).

Advantages of E-learning

According to Abed (2018) there are many benefits of e-learning in academic

performance of students, this mode of learning gives a student freedom to

communicate with the teacher at any time and ask the questions he wants to ask,

it is done by different means such as e-mail, chat rooms and other means. E-

learning is not committed to provide education in the same place or time and the

learner is not obliged to go to school for receiving the learning process. The

scientific content is more exciting and more motivating for students to learn. It is

provided in the form of textual texts, stationary and animated images, video clips,

drawings, sketches and simulations, and is in the form of an electronic course or

visual e-book.

Moreover, e- learning helps the learners to use the latest technologies and the

internet to develop their knowledge. Learners can use their computer, phones or

any gadgets as an instrument to gather ideas and include them in their activities.

It can also reduce stress and increase satisfactions of quick learners who wants to

learn alone because some of them are not socially interactive Garrison (2011).

Furthermore, one of the advantages of e-learning environment is it increase

revenues for academic institutions and reduce the cost of provision example of

this is the Learning Management Systems (LMS) that refers to the web-based

delivery applications or technologies that are adopted by universities and other

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higher education institutions to deliver courses’ contents, provide distance

learning and to manage the education process. A big advantage is that the

Internet also supports the delivery and use of multimedia elements, such as

sound, video, and interactive hypermedia Masa’ deh et.al (2016).

According to the studies carried out, the benefits of e-learning acquiring

basic skills, increased training time, support for students with disabilities,

expanding access, improving quality of teaching and learning, increasing

flexibility, reducing costs, increasing speed, skill development, saving natural

resources needed at macro level can be pointed out. Now many of the world's

largest universities have combined e-learning with traditional education methods

Hakimi (2016)

In addition, e-learning systems support the needs of the new workforce and

drive employee engagement in a number of ways such as 24/7 access to training

materials, familiarity with the technological platforms that are used for learning,

connection to subject matter experts, real-time collaboration and sharing of best

practices, personalized learning, engaging content formats, freedom to fail,

greater efficiency and environmental consciousness Colleen Longstreet and

Michelle Winkley (2011).

Another advantage of e-learning is it allows every student to participate in the

class and give his opinions anytime without getting embarassed. Electronic

learning gives full oppurtunity to students especially those who have low

confidence students who cannot answer the question of a teacher because he is

scared to be bullied by his seatmate once he answered wrong. In traditional

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classroom there are so many factors why a student cannot fully understand the

lesson because other students are noisy but in e-learning it urges the students to

give their ideas and send it to through emails or any other medium (Abed, 2018).

According to Gupta (2017) the concept of e-learning has totally change the

way on how students learn in his environment, this learning makes a more

effective, convenient, and easier to access learning that serve as the advantages

to students. Today students seems to be independent and want their lessons to

be accessible where they can learn at their own comfort .There are features of e-

learning that makes it beneficial to students, electronic learning allows a learner to

read his lessons anytime he wants until it is still available. This mode of learning is

a quick delivery of lessons and learners are not obliged to engaged a lot of time,

they can actually save time because they don’t need to go to school to find their

assigned classrooms.

E-learning platforms provide learners many choices on how they will learn

effectively, they can choose different types of mediums like text, audio, graphics

or recorded video. The study materials are not limited and it allows students to

develop an excellent and easy to understand learning materials. Students are

open for innovation in the learning process and e- learning is one way to achieve

because it can create an interesting and fun way to learn the lessons Gaur

(2015).

Disadvantages of E-Learning
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According to Arkoful and Abaidoo (2014) e-learning as a method of education

makes the learners undergo contemplation, remoteness, as well as lack of

interaction or relation. It therefore requires a very strong inspiration as well as

skills to the management of time in order to reduce such effects. With respect to

clarifications, offer of explanations, as well as interpretations, the e-learning

method might be less effective that the traditional method of learning. The

learning process is much easier with the use of the face to face encounter with the

instructors or teachers. When it comes to improvement in communication skills of

learners, e-learning as a method might have a negative effect. Though might have

an excellent knowledge in academics, they may not possess the needed skills to

deliver their acquired knowledge to others. Since tests for assessments in e-

learning are possibly done with the use of proxy, it will be difficult, if not impossible

to control or regulate bad activities like cheating.

Moreover, Mandela (2019) asserted that one of the disadvantages of e-

learning is the cheating prevention during online assessments is complicated.

Unfortunately, one of the biggest disadvantages of e-learning continues to be

cheating through various methods. Compared to on-campus students, online

students can cheat on assessments more easily as they take assessments in their

own environment and while using their personal computer. The students cannot

be directly observed during assessments without a video feed, making cheat

detection during online assessments more complicated than for traditional testing

procedures. Additionally, without a proper identity verification system in place,

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students taking online assessments might be able to let a third party take the

assessment instead of themselves, resulting in a wholly fraudulent test result.

Furthermore, e-learning may also probably be misled to piracy and plagiarism,

predisposed by inadequate selection skills, as well as the ease of copy and paste.

Also not all fields or discipline can employ the e-learning technique in education.

For instance the purely scientific fields that include practical cannot be properly

studies through e-learning. Researchers have argued that e-learning is more

appropriate in social science and humanities than the fields such as medical

science and pharmacy, where there is the need to develop practical skills. E-

learning may also lead to congestion or heavy use of some websites (Arkoful &

Abaidoo 2014).

Another disadvantages of e-learning is that learners don’t have any fun

campus activities that they can participate in. instead you just long onto your

computer every day and interact with others online if you have to by Don

Georgevich (2012).

According to Tamm (2016) e-learning is limited to certain disciplines. All

educational disciplines are not created equal, and not all study fields can be

effectively used in e-learning. For now, at least. E-Learning tends to be more

suitable for social science and humanities, rather than scientific fields such as

medical science and engineering which require a certain degree of hands-on

practical experience. No amounts of online lectures can substitute an autopsy for

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medical students or real-life industrial training for a budding engineer. While this

could change in the future, the teachers are currently not yet a point where they

can fully teach all professions solely through E-Learning.

Learners also don’t learn as much with e-learning programs. Studies have

shown that student actually go to class, and are able to participate with other

students and with hands on projects learn a lot more. It is important to be able to

work with other people and to get involved with lectures, so that you are able to

understand everything and take it in (Tamm, 2016).

Synthesis

E-learning is a new tool which has potential to enhance and support the

traditional learning system and it is becoming an integral part of the learning tools

used by every educational organization.It includes all forms of electronically

supported learning and teaching, including well-designed, learner-centered, and

interactive learning environment to anyone, anyplace, anytime by utilizing the

internet and digital technologies in concern with instructional design principles.

This kind of learning is essential today especially we are dealing with this

pandemic where students are required to engage themselves with virtual type of

learning.

According Verna (2018), e-learning is an umbrella term that is used to describe

a wide variety of electronic ways that enable access to education, and the process

in itself. It is suited for distance and flexible learners that can efficiently acquire

knowledge from virtual classes.

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According to Tamm (2019) e-learning, also referred to as online learning or

electronic learning, is the acquisition of knowledge which takes place through

electronic technologies and media. Students can access everything, anytime and

in anywhere they are which makes it convenient and accessible.

Arasteh et al. (2014), stresses that e-learning is the method which allows

people especially students to take courses form home or anywhere as he/she can

access the internet, among other platforms such as peer-to-peer, client-server, and

web services. Also, this kind of platform is suitable for working students who

doesn’t have much time to engage themselves in face-to-face learning. Horton

(2011) defines e-learning as a set of instructions delivered via all electronic media

such as the internet, intranets, and extranets. E-Learning is the use of Information

and Communication Technology (ICT) to deliver information for education where

instructors and learners are separated by distance, time, or both in order to

enhance the learner’s learning experience and performance (Tarhini et al., 2016).

There are many advantages of online and computed-based learning in

academic perfomance of students and there are few disadvantages as well.

Students may have the option to select learning materials that meets their level of

knowledge and interest. Students have different type of learning styles that is why

it is necessary to identify what style you need before you select learning materials.

E-learning develops knowledge of the internet and computers skills that will help

learners throughout their lives and careers.

In contrast with that, e-learning requires technology infrastructure which may be

not be available in some countries, bandwidth limitation or show internet

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connection, which can affect the ease of the learning process, because it causes

weak performance for multimedia: video, sound, and graphics, as well as long

waits for download. It requires big adjustment for a country to adopt with e-learning

and it would take time and money to be fully prepared.E-learning may be

convenient for some but not for everyone (Tamm 2016).

Methodologies

Research Design

The researches will use descriptive research design through a case study.

A descriptive research design aims to identify characteristics, frequencies,

trends, and categories. It is appropriate to use when not much is known yet about

the topic or problem. This research design should be developed carefully so that

the information will be valid and reliable. One of descriptive research method is

through a case study, it can be used to describe the characteristics of a person,

group, event, event or an organization. Case studies often focus on unusual or

interesting cases that can add complexity or discover something new about a

research and this method gather detailed data to identify the characteristics of a

narrowly defined subject McCombes (2019).

Research Locale

The research will be conducted in Divine Word College of Calapan, Senior

High School Department, Pachoca, Calapan City.

Participants of the Study

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The participant of the study is a Grade 11 Senior High School student taking

up Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics strand. The researchers chose

the Grade 11 student as participant because this person is using Moodle app

which is an e-learning system. The purposive or judgmental sampling is the

technique applied to select the participant.

Research Instrument

The researchers will use a standardized questionnaires. The questionnaires

are made up of questions that are connected to the main topic of the survey.

Data Collection Procedures

The researchers will be using an interview in order to collect data from the

selected participant through a video call on messenger. The interview will be

recorded by using screen recorder. Before collecting data the researchers will ask

permission to conduct a study and also the standardized questionnaires that will be

used in the study will be presented to, analyzed and checked by the research

adviser to ensure the validity of responses it would elicit. The researchers will also

evaluate the objectives of the study and explain it carefully to the participant before

answering the questions. After that, the researchers will collect the answers and

analyze the results.

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Data Analysis Procedure

The researchers will use their analytical and critical thinking skills to analyze the

data gathered from the selected participant. This process involved observation,

collecting data and then analyzing it to provide a conclusion and have an in-depth

understanding about e-learning and its advantages and disadvantages to the

academic performance of students.

Results and Discussions

These are the answers of the participant and the analyzation of each one.

Advantages

1. As a student, how does e-learning help you in your school activities?

As a student, e-learning brings a big contribution in doing my activities. I can

research online using electronic gadgets and internet the different topics we are

discussing that can help me in having self-study.

Based on the answer given by the participant, for the first question “As a

student, how does e-learning help you in your school activities?”, a student

categorized electronic learning as a big contributor to his/her school activities

because they can search online and allow to have self-study. Meaning, he/she

uses different gadgets while answering school activities and she is comfortable to

study without relying on others. This learning allows a student to be independent

in answering activities.
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According to Garrison (2011) e-learning helps the learners to use latest

technologies to develop their knowledge. They can search for answers and also

watch videos that will provide more information about the lesson. It is also

convenient for those who wants to learn alone because they are not socially

interactive.

2. How does the flexibility of e-learning help you to understand the lessons

easily?

E-learning helps me to understand the lessons easily by having a research using

gadget and internet that will help me. I can easily access different websites

regarding those lessons.

Based on the answer of the participant, he/she can easily understand the

lessons by using different gadgets and internet. It means that if a student

cannot understand the lessons with the teacher he/she uses technology to

cope with the lessons. The participant relies on different websites that are

accessible. One of the advantages of this learning is the accessibility, a

person can search difficult lessons online anytime and anywhere they want.

Electronic learning provides students a lot of choices on how they will

learn effectively, they can choose different types of mediums because the

study materials are not limited like text, audio, graphics or recorded video.
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Students nowadays are adapting the change in the learning process and they

want their lessons to be accessible where they can learn comfortably.

3. Do you think you can save more money while engaging in E-Learning? Why?

“In my situation, I use Wi-Fi so it can be less expensive than others who needs

load to attend online classes. To me my only expenses are in the printed

modules that I only take every two weeks. The expenses in this new normal is

much better because we don’t have to buy books and school materials.”

Based on the answer given by the participant he/she has a less expenses

because in this kind of learning, students are only staying at their home.As the

world face the pandemic there’s a new normal set up for the students to continue

their education in this kind of situation. E-Learning has been helping students to

study with the use of gadgets and internet connection. Expenses are a bit lesser

because students and teachers are not allowed to do face-to-face communication.

Furthermore, books and some school materials are not needed or required in

e-learning because you can get some different information on the internet and

every students is provided with a printed modules that contains all the topic that

they need to learn.They only pay for the modules every two weeks and the

teachers will discuss it through online discussion.

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ADVANTAGES

Conclusions

In view of the foregoing findings the following conclusions are made.

1. Electronic learning is a helpful tool to students for their school activities. The

flexibility of e-learning helps the students to understand the lessons easily, they

can access different websites and learn effectively.

2. E-Learning can help students to save more money because they are not

required to buy some school materials. In E-Learning students can learn in their

own home and they have more time to focus on their health during this pandemic.

3.The lack of face-to-face in electronic learning can cause stress to students and

they need to learn independently. The teachers are not always available for the

constant motivation and support to the needs of the students.

4. Students is lack of time management skills in e-learning.

Cheating prevention is complicated while engaging in e-learning

5. Poor internet connection and power interruption have a great impact in

electronic learning.

6. There a lot barriers that might interrupt the process of teaching e-learning
process

7. There are considerable reasons why students are struggling with online-
learning since Philippines is known for having a slow connection added by a
signal outrage of globe and other services.
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Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions presented, the following recommendations

are suggested:

1. Students and Teachers can use this to know more about E-Learning and to

have an idea how it can work and help when you are learning using your

internet and technologies.

2. As a recommendation, teachers should provide more considerable and

accurate solution to address this chaos. There should be a plan b while

giving an online examination.

3. Teachers should be mindful in giving due dates for students task and

assignments. They should consider the students internet connectivity and

have a wide understanding with it.

4. Teachers should also provide detailed information about their topics and be

considerate and understanding to the mental and physical health of their

students.

5. They should give them break time and days to rest their mind to be more

ready to more activities to come.

Future researchers should use this research to further improve the idea about e-

learning and establish a study with more information.

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The teachers must prepare a clear, comprehensive question in examination

based on the lecture that is easy to understand and easy to answer so that there’s

no place for the students, to cheat.

References

Abernathy, D., (2019) The Definition of E-Learning Retrieved:

November 5, 2020 from https://e-student. org/definition-of-e-

learning/

Clark, R., & Mayer, R., (2011) E-Learning and the Science of

Instruction: Proven Guidelines for consumers and Designers of

Multimedia learning Retrieved: October 20,2020 from https:

www.ijmrhs.com/docse-learning-and-science-of-instruction

Gupta, S., (2017) The Benefits of eLearning for Students Retrieved:

September 5,2020 from https://elearningindustry.com /benefits-

of-e-learning-for-students

Mandela, N., (2019) Disadvantages of E-learning Retrieved: October

20, 2020 from https://e-student.com/disadvantages-of-e-

learning/
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Puri, S., (2018) 5 Advantages of E-Learning Retrieved: September

5,2020 from https://trainingindustry.com/articles/e-learning/5-

advantages-of-e-learning/

Savage, K., (2019) Advantages of eLearning in Education Retrieved :

September 4,2020 from https://fullfabric.com/advantages-of-e-

learning-in-education/