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Apart from
the identified symptoms of the disease, she may also likely develop which of the
following?
A. Sepsis
B. Meningitis
C. Mitral valve disease
D. Aneurysm formation
2. Clay is an 8-year-old boy diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following shows
that he is strictly following the directed therapeutic regimen?
3. The Foley Family is caring for their youngest child, Justin, who is suffering
from tetralogy of Fallot. Which of the following are defects associated with this
congenital heart condition?
A. Aorta exits from the right ventricle, pulmonary artery exits from the left ventricle, and
two noncommunicating circulations
B. Ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, pulmonic stenosis (PS), and right
ventricular hypertrophy
C. Coarctation of aorta, aortic valve stenosis, mitral valve stenosis, and patent ductus
arteriosus
D. Tricuspid valve atresia, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and hypoplastic
right ventricle
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4. When creating a teaching program for the parents of Jessica who is diagnosed with
pulmonic stenosis (PS), Nurse Alex would keep in mind that this disorder involves
which of the following?
5. Bryce is a child diagnosed with coarctation of aorta. While assessing him, Nurse
Zach would expect to find which of the following?
A. Squatting posture
B. Absent or diminished femoral pulses
C. Severe cyanosis at birth
D. Cyanotic (“tet”) episodes
6. Which of the following instructions would Nurse Courtney include in a teaching plan
that focuses on initial prevention for Sheri who is diagnosed with rheumatic fever?
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A. Headache
B. Respiratory distress
C. Extreme bradycardia
D. Constipation
8. Appropriate intervention is vital for many children with heart disease in order to go
on to live active, full lives. Which of the following outlines an effective nursing
intervention to decrease cardiac demands and minimize cardiac workload?
9. Mr. and Mrs. Baker’s only daughter is diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the
following interventions would be appropriate to promote optimal nutrition for the
infant?
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A. Base
B. Pericardium
C. Aorta
D. Apex
11. Arrange these parts of the conduction system of the heart in the correct order as
an action potential would pass through them.
1. AV node
2. Purkinje fibers
3. Atrioventricular bundle
4. R and L bundle of His
5. SA node
12. Which of these statements regarding the conduction system of the heart is NOT
correct? Select all that apply.
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13. Which of the following disorders leads to cyanosis from deoxygenated blood
entering the systemic arterial circulation?
14. The procedure that has to be performed in order to shift thehigh pressure from the
right ventricle to the left ventricle in Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) is:
A. Rashkind Procedure
B. Rastelli Procedure
C. Pulmonary Artery Banding
D. Jatene Procedure
15. The ductus arteriosus is another fetal structure that is important in the
intrauterine life. It functions to:
A. Shunts the combined cardiac output from the pulmonary artery to the aorta going to
the lungs
B. Shunts the combined cardiac output from the pulmonary artery to the systemic
circulation
C. Shunts the combined cardiac output from the aorta to the pulmonary artery and later
to the pulmonary veins
D. Shunts the combined cardiac output from the aorta to the pulmonary artery to the
right ventricle
Option D: Kawasaki disease is a rare childhood illness that affects the blood
vessels. 20% to 25% of children can develop aneurysm formation if not
intervened. Treatment depends on the degree of the disease, but is often
immediate treatment with IV gamma globulin or aspirin. Corticosteroids can
sometimes lessen impending complications. Children who experience the
disease usually need lifelong follow-up appointments to keep an eye on heart
health.
3. Answer: B. Ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, pulmonic stenosis (PS), and
right ventricular hypertrophy
Option C: PS refers to an obstruction of blood flow from the right ventricle.
Option A: Truncus arteriosus involves a single vessel arising from both
ventricles.
Option D: Total anomalous pulmonary venous communications involve the
return of blood to the heart without entry into the left atrium and obstruction
of blood flow from the left ventricle.
Option D: The SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart. The electrical
stimulus from the SA node eventually reaches the AV node and is delayed
briefly so that the contracting atria have enough time to pump all the blood
into the ventricles. Once the atria are empty of blood the valves between the
atria and ventricles close. At this point, the atria begin to refill and the
electrical stimulus passes through the AV node and Bundle of His into the
Bundle branches and Purkinje fibers.
Option B: The SA node consists of a cluster of cells that are situated in the
upper part of the wall of the right atrium (the right upper chamber of the
heart).
Option C: When action potentials reach the AV node, they spread slowly
through it.
Option D: Action potentials pass slowly through the atrioventricular node.
Option A: The SA node is the heart’s natural pacemaker.
15. Answer: B. Shunts the combined cardiac output from the pulmonary artery to the
systemic circulation
Option B: In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus, also called the ductus
Botalli, is a blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery to the proximal
descending aorta. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to
bypass the fetus’s fluid-filled non-functioning lungs.