SPECIFICATION FOR SOFT AND HARD LANDSCAPE (SP- 400 TO SP- 422)

7 Landscape
7.1 Soft Landscape

7.1.1 Description
1. General Requirement, is a part of this Section, and shall apply as if repeated
here.

2. This section includes Soft landscaping as indicated in the drawing

7.1.2 Specialist Sub-Contractors

The contractor shall submit for approval specialist landscaping subcontractor to
carry out all necessary work for landscaping. The specialist landscaping
subcontractor shall have 10 years track record in soft landscaping projects. A
complete list of specialist staff and resources shall be submitted for approval by
the Engineer and the Client.

7.1.3 Preparation of the Site

The contractor has to undertake complete site preparation to ensure that it is in
good condition for planting, protection and maintenance of all type of trees,
shrubs, seasonal flowers and grass of the species and size shown on the drawing.

Soil depth shall be in accordance with drawings, but shall not be less than 500mm
for shrub areas, 300mm for grass areas, 1.5m for palms and 1m for trees.

Machines and tools: use only tools and machinery suitable for the site conditions
and the works to be carried out. Use hand tools around trees, plants and in
confined spaces where it is impracticable to use machinery.

Water shall be provided by the contractor up to completion of the main contract

works and/or thereafter by the client, in each case subject to availability of supply.

Notice to Engineer: make advanced arrangements with Engineer to give time the
opportunity of being present during:

 Set out
 Preparing soil
 Completion of sitting confirmation of levels
 Application of additives
 Planting and grassing
 Each site visit during maintenance period

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7.1.4 Submittals

1. The contractor shall submit to the Engineer information and certificates for
materials to be used for this contract. Such submittals shall include, but not be
limited to the following data:

a) Manufacturers certified analysis of all standard products, including

fertilizers.
b) A certified analysis by an approved laboratory for non-standard products.
c) Certificates confirming the origin, size and age of all plant material.
d) Health certificates for all imported plant material
e) Schedules showing program of implementation for each type of landscape
work. If necessary revised, planting schedules shall be submitted with
documentation of reasons for the revision.

2. The Contractor shall be liable for ensuring that all chemical materials are
stored, handled and supplied strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s
requirement.

3. Only chemicals approved by the Client will be used.

4. All chemicals shall be non-toxic to human beings, birds and animals.

5. All materials shall be used subject to the approval of consultant.

6. All materials to be used in the landscape work and stored at the Contractor’s
yard shall be kept covered and protected. In particular, any plants held for
planting should be kept in a special compound, sheltered from the direct sun,
drying winds, and watered regularly.

7.1.5 Shipping

1. Prior to shipping, all plants shall be inspected, dug and made ready for
shipping in accordance with standard practices and procedures. The Engineer
shall be notified of the delivery schedule in advance so the plant so the plant
material may be inspected upon arrival at site. All unacceptable plant material
shall be removed from the Site immediately. The Engineer may request
inspection at the source of the plants prior to delivery to the Site. The
Engineer reserves the right to reject any plant material that does not meet the
quality requirements of the Project Documentation.

2. The Contractor shall protect plants to prevent damage to the root balls,
containers or desiccation of leaves. All plant material shall be delivered in a
closed vehicle or in open vehicles with the load properly covered in transit for
protection from drying winds.

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 3. Fertilizer, pesticides, fungicides, chemicals and seed shall be delivered to the
Site in the original unopened container’s bearing the manufacturer’s
guaranteed chemical analysis, name, trade name, or trademark. In lieu of
containers, fertilizers and seed may be furnished in bulk and a certificate
indicating the above information shall accompany each delivery. The fertilizer
shall be kept dry and protected from contamination.

7.1.6 Storage

1. Plants shall be installed as soon as possible after delivery to Site. Plant

material shall be protected from exposure to wind and direct sunlight prior to
installation. Plants not installed on the day of the day of arrival shall be stored
in shaded areas, protected from the wind and maintained and watered to good
horticultural standards until planted. Care shall be taken to ensure that the
plants do not dry out. Bo plant shall be stored on site for more than 3 days
prior to planting.

2. Root balled and container grown trees and plants shall be placed close
together with root balls covered with approved soil, peat or straw and kept
medium moist until planted.

3. Bare rooted trees and shrubs shall be heeled into prepared trenches and
covered with agricultural soil or peat and kept medium moist until planted.

4. Seed and fertilizer shall be kept in dry storage away from contaminants in
areas as designated or approved by the Engineer.

5. Soil, compost, fertilizers and other amendments shall be delivered to the Site
and stored separately in approved locations and in a manner to avoid
contamination and wetting until soil mixing operations commence.

6. Fertilizers, anti-desiccants, pesticides, and other chemicals shall be delivered

to the Site in the manufacturer’s unopened containers, each fully labeled,
conforming to applicable regulations and bearing the trade name and warranty
of the producer.

7.1.7 Handling

1. Care shall be taken to avoid injury to the plants. Materials shall not be
dropped from vehicles. Balled and Bur lapped plants shall be handled
carefully to avoid cracking or breaking of the Earth ball. Container grown
plants shall be handled by the container. Plants shall not be handled by the
trunk or stem.

2. Chemicals shall be stored in a manner to avoid cross contamination. No

measuring, mixing or work of a kind shall be permitted within storage area.

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7.1.8 Plantation Soil

1. Soil, which will be used for the plantation areas, should be natural draining
arable-type soil ( canal silt local name Bal approved by the consultant )

2. Soil shall be non-toxic and capable of sustaining healthy plant growth.

3. Soil shall not contain calcium carbonate, subsoil, refuse, roots, heavy clay,
noxious weed, toxic material, coarse sand, rocks, sticks, litter, or any other
deleterious material.

4. Soil to be used shall have the following characteristics:

a) Ph 6.0 to 7.5 saturated soil

b) Physical loamy soil made up by particle size as follows:

Sand: 2mm to 0.05mm 70% to 85% max.

Silt: 0.05mm to 0.002mm 25% to 30& max.
Clay: Less than 0.002mm 5% max.

7.1.9 Soil Samples and Storage

1. Upon identification of every source of soil, Representative samples of soil

shall be analyzed for all the above characteristics and results submitted to the
Engineer, and the results compared with those from the original sample.

2. Soil shall be stored in heaps no greater than one and a half meters high. Soil
heaps shall be protected from undue compaction and no construction or waste
materials shall be stored on or mixed with the soil.

3. If any areas of soil are affected by oil or petrol spillage, the contaminated soil
is to be dug up until uncontaminated ground is reached, and removed from
Site and such areas made good as directed by the Engineer.

7.1.10 Compost, Fertilizer, Soil Conditioner and Planting Medium

1. Compost shall be from an approved fertilizer company. It shall be pasteurized,

free of weed and disease and be composted.

2. Fertilizer shall be Sulphur coated slow release compound fertilizer N, P, K,

Fe- 15, 15, 15, 5, or other equal and approved.

3. Fertilizer shall be furnished in standard containers with the name, weight and
guaranteed analysis of the content clearly marked. When a mixed fertilizer is
specified, the first number shall represent the minimum percentage of soluble
Nitrogen, the second number shall represent the minimum percentage of

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 available Phosphoric acid and the third number shall represent to minimum
percentage of water- soluble Potash.

4. Planting medium Type (1)

Planting medium type (1) shall consist of a homogeneous mixture of soil,

compost, and fertilizers as specified.

a) Compost
Compost shall be provided at the following rates:
(On the basis of 1 bag = 40litres = 25kg)

 Palm pit = 1 ½ bag per pit (Applied later)

 Tree pit = 1 bag per pit
 Shrub pit = ½ bag per pit
 Shrub in Groups, Grass, Flower beds = ½ bag per M2

b) Fertilizer
Fertilizer shall be provided at the following rates:

 Palm pit = 150gms per pit (Applied later)

 Tree pit = 100gms per pit
 Shrub pit = 50gms per pit
 Shrub in Groups, Grass, Flower beds = 100gms per M2

Note: The rates mentioned in this and in the previous sub- clause are for
the first application prior to planting. Further applications before and
during the maintenance period shall be done in accordance with the
Engineer’s instructions to be given on site.

7.2 Plants
7.2.1 General
All plants shall be of the size specified and obtained from an approved source. All
plants shall be supplied as specified and shown on the plant schedules and
drawings. Plants shall be true to and supplied Under Latin names. Synonyms shall
be checked with the Engineer. All planting stock shall be well- balanced and well
formed sound, vigorous, healthy and free from disease, sun, scald, abrasion,
harmful insects or insect eggs and with a healthy, unbroken root system filling
their containers but no root- bound. Unless otherwise specified only nursery-
grown plants will be used. All plants shall be container grown with the exception
of mature Palms.

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7.2.2 Heights at time of planting:
7.2.3
1. Palms: 5m brown trunks, straight with girth of min. 500mm. Trees 2.5 m clear
trunk with foliage dia. Min. 1.5 m. Shrubs, hedges 0.75m height and foliage
spread min 0.5m, Ground covers foliage spread min 0.15m.

2. Trees shall have minimum caliper measured at 500mm above ground level of
10mm.

3. Shrubs shall be multi stemmed.

7.2.4 Substitutes
The Tender shall be based upon plants that are available. If plants are
unobtainable, alternatives may be submitted with the Tender, stating how they
differ from the specification. Such substitutions may not be acceptable and
submission of further alternatives may be required. Approval shall be obtained
from the Engineer prior to any substitution.

Note: All plant sizes shall imply container height excluded.

7.2.5 Nomenclature
Nomenclature of trees and plants shall conform to the botanical names given in:

1. Royal Horticultural society, “Directory of Gardening”, Oxford University

Press, reprinted 1974 and supplement 1969.

2. Post, George E., “Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai”, American University of
Beirut, 1932

 Alternative names can be checked in these books. All plants must agree
with the botanical description in these books. “Post” is only the authority
for plants that are not listed in the RHS Directory

7.2.6 Palms

1. Palms size shall be understood as the height of clear brown trunk measured
from ground level, unless specified otherwise.

2. Palms shall be balled and bur lapped unless container grown palms are
available. Offshoots will not be acceptable. They shall have a vigorous root
system, crown of new leaves, proper color of leaves of an adult palm and
sufficient hardness.

3. Palm trees shall not be root pruned one year before removal from the original
growing site. The pruning trench shall be back-filled with wetted peat or equal
and the tree sprayed with anti- desiccant.

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 4. Prior to the transporting to transplanting, all suckers, flowering and fruiting
parts and approximately thirty percent of fronds shall be removed. The
remaining fronds shall be sprayed with anti-desiccant during transplanting,
lifted to position. The root shall be balled and the Hessian tied.

5. Palms shall be lifted/ moved by crane or other approved safe method avoiding
damage to any part of the palm.

6. Damaged palms will be rejected by the Engineer.

7. Palms shall be placed in the prepared pit and the level checked to ensure the
palm will be set at the same soil level as it was prior to transplanting. Maintain
the palm in an upright condition and steadily backfill to ¼ of the pit depth
then lightly compact the backfill soil. Continue with backfill ½ the pit depth,
lightly compact then fill the pit with water. Allow the water to drain away then
continue the backfill until ¾ the pit is filled. Lightly compact and again fill the
pit with water and allow it to drain away. Repeat the watering, allow the pit to
drain for three or four hours then complete the backfilling to a level where the
saucer is maintained around the palm large enough to hold forty gallons of
water. Fill the saucer with water and allow it to drain overnight. The following
morning, refill the saucer with water and allow it to drain.

8. Thereafter, water the palm at a frequency which ensures the root ball is kept
moist but wet. Water every two days between beginning of May and end
of September, every three days between beginning of October and early
December and from March to end of April. From mid December until
end of February, watering once a week is sufficient unless conditions are
unusually warm and the Engineer directs more frequent watering.

9. If during settlement or during periods of high winds, the palm are displaced
and move from an upright position, they are to be reset straight by
excavating the backfill, setting the palm straight by crane or other means
which ensure there is not damage to any part of the palm and then
repeating the backfilling process.

7.2.7 Tree Stakes

All stakes shall be of steel, straight, free of projections and pointed at one end.
Each tree shall be guided by three (3) stakes.

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7.2.8 Temporary planting Screens

1. Whenever planting in an exposed position liable to strong wind conditions,

windbreaks shall be provided until such time as the planting is firmly
established and shall be 1750mm high plastic.

2. Shelter nets shall be of 75% density supported on a galvanized steel circular

frame of adequate diameter so as not to disturb the growth of the plant.

3. Hessian bands shall be 75mm wide to lengths necessary for wrapping tree
trunks and main branches.

7.2.9 Anti-desiccant
Anti-desiccant shall be an emulsion type, film forming agent designed to permit
transpiration but retard excessive loss of water from plants.

7.2.10 Pruning Paint

Pruning paint shall be waterproof, antiseptic, adhesive, elastic and free of
Kerosene, coal, tar, creosote and other substances harmful to plants.

7.2.11 Workmanship

1. Place soil over the area to be grassed or planted, to meet the specified levels.
Grass areas shall have a minimum depth of 300mm soil, tree and shrub
areas 500mm soil, mature palms 2m, semi-mature palms 1.5m as backfill
to palm pits. The Engineer will determine and confirm the condition of the
subsoil prior to placement of sand. In the event that the existing soil is
suitable for planting, additional soil will only be required to make up to
finished levels.

2. After soil placement and confirmation that finished levels have been
achieved, install any irrigation pipe work that is subsurface and
backfill trenches with light compaction to ensure there will be no
subsequent subsidence. Re-grade surface to finish levels as required.

3. Spread compost and soil conditioners and cultivate to 20cm depth. Manually
irrigate the soil to a depth of 40cm and leave undistributed for 10 days
before planting or grassing. Any planting done prior to the ten day period
will be rejected.

4. The Contractor shall prepare as built drawings for soiling and submit to the
Engineer for approval. Four sets to be submitted at handover.

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7.2.12 Soil Grading and Preparation

1. Subsoil shall be excavated to achieve tolerances specified for finish level of

soil, and when reasonable dry and workable, graded to smooth, flowing
contours with all minor hallows and ridges removed. Non-cohesive, light
sub soils shall be loosened with a three-tine ripper, 300mm deep at one-
meter centres. All perennial weeds shall be treated with herbicides and the
period of time recommended by the manufacturer shall be allowed to elapse
before grading. All weeds, rocks, and other debris shall be removed and
disposed off. Finished ground level of adjoining construction shall be kept
150mm below the level of the damp-proof course.

2. Unless otherwise stated, finished levels after settlement to be flush with

adjoining paving, kerbs, manholes, and gardening edging. Planting soil
levels may be adjusted by blade grading ensuring that there is nowhere
less than 300mm of planting soil. If the required levels can not be achieved
by the movement of the existing soil, obtain instructions.

7.2.13 Handling and Transporting of Plants

1. Plant material shall be lifted or moved in such a manner that the roots are
not disturbed.

2. Plant material shall be lifted or moved by handling the container and not the
above ground portion of the plant.

3. Root system of all plants shall not be allowed to dry out at any time and
shall not be exposed to excessive or artificial heat or to freezing
temperatures. During transportation, all plants shall be packed adequately
to ensure protection for climatic or physical injuries. Tarpaulins or other
covers shall be placed over plants when they are transported by trucks or in
open freight cars. All plants shall be treated with anti-desiccant prior to
transportation.

4. Immediately upon lifting, palm trees shall have their fronds reduced in
length by 10%, sprayed with anti-desiccant and tied up with three layers of
Hessian to enclose the growing tip. The roots shall be pruned and the root
ball protected with three layers of Hessian tied up with wire and kept moist
constantly with wet shingle, moss, straw, or other suitable material.

7.2.14 On-site Acclimatization and Storage

Prior to planting, all plant materials other than palms shall be acclimatized on site
for a minimum of one week and protected against drying all times. Palm trees
shall be planted directly on arrival on site. If palms have to be held for longer than
twelve hours before planting they should be ‘heeled-in’ in trenches which are kept
moist at all times.

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7.2.15 Planting Season
No planting shall be carried out at any time in excessively windy conditions.
Seasonal Temperature should range between 20C- 35C .

7.2.16 Planting Timing

1. Planting shall take place before 10:00 am and after 4:30 pm but can be
carried out at other times if approval if given is given by the Engineer.

2. Prior to planting, the contractor shall complete all grading and ripping,
paving, laying of services and other building work, ensure the irrigation
system is operational and all areas to be planted have been soiled and
allowed to settle over a period of one month.

7.2.17 Planting Medium

Specified soil additives shall be mixed with sweet soil at the rates specified. The
soil shall be mixed mechanically by an approved method to create a homogeneous
mixture and a one-kilogram sample of each batch shall be submitted to the
Engineer for approval. The planting medium should be mixed prior to planting.

7.2.18 Setting-out

1. Stake out the outline of the planning areas and individual tree and shrub
locations for approval by the Engineer.

2. Excavate planting areas and individuals pits to the sizes specified.

Excavated sub- soil shall not be mixed with the planting medium or used to
form berms around the plants. Excavation shall be as follows:

For Palm pit - 1.2m x 1.2m x 1m

For Tree pit - 1m x 1m x 1m
For Shrub pit - 0.6m x 0.6m x 0.5m
For Shrubs in group planting - Min. 500mm depth
For Grass area and ground cover- Min. 300mm depth

7.2.19 Percolation Test

Fill each planting pit with irrigation water and ensure the water can drain away. In
case of poor drainage, a percolation test shall be carried out and drainage holes
augured if required.

Percolation test procedure:

a) One day prior to the test the pit/bed shall be filled with water
b) A marker bar is placed in the pit/bed before the test is performed
c) The pit/bed is half filled with water and the level is indicated with tape on the
marker bar

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 d) The test is monitored over a period of one hour. If the water level drops by
20mm or more within that time the pit/bed passes
e) If the pit/bed fails the Percolation test, boreholes shall be augured (2 no/tree
pit or 10m spacing in planting beds). Test should be repeated at each 5m depth
of borehole until the test is passed.
f) After auguring the borehole shall be capped with wire gauze.

7.2.20 Backfilling
Backfill pit/ beds after having being tested for drainage with approved planting
medium in layers not exceeding 300mm and water compact. Allow for
compaction/subsidence by overfilling by 100mm. Once placed the growing
medium shall be covered with plastic sheeting and until planting commences
clearly marked to prevent disturbance.

7.2.21 Tree Stakes

Prior to planting tree stakes shall be driven into tree pits as specified.

7.2.22 Planting Hole

At the time of planting, a hole shall be made into the pit/bed large enough to take
the plants root ball. The planting hole shall be thoroughly watered prior to
planting.

7.2.23 Planting
1. Plants shall be carefully removed from containers. Plastic pots shall be split
with a knife and plants removed with all the soil intact around the roots.
Care shall be taken not to damage the roots or foliage of the plants.

2. The plant shall be placed upright in the hole. Care shall be taken to ensure
that the collar line (line of contact between soil and stem) is at the same
level as the surrounding ground.

3. Fill around the plant with planting medium in layers of 150mm each layer
separately firmed to eliminate all air pockets until final soil level is reached.

7.2.24 Tree Ties

Trees shall be tied to the tree stakes with tree ties as specified. At least three ties
per tree shall be used but other ties shall be provided if necessary to keep the stem
straight. If a leader stake is required this shall be 20mm^2 softwood stake slotted
inside the tree tie loops.

7.2.25 Watering basin

A circular watering basin slightly larger than the planting hole shall be formed.
During and after the plant, the plants shall be thoroughly watered.

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7.2.26 Leveling and Cleaning
After planting the area, surrounding the plant shall be restored to finish grade and
excess soils and rubbish disposed of properly.

7.2.27 Pruning
Immediately after planting, all plants are to be pruned in accordance with
accepted horticultural practices or as directed by the Engineer. Pruning shall
consist of carefully cutting back any damaged, dead or diseased branches and the
removal of any weak malformed growth, with the aim of forming each type of
stock to the standard shape for it’s species. All pruning paint as specified.

7.2.28 Identification
A plastic label clearly engraved with the species and variety shall be attached to
each plant or to each group of plants (1 tag/ 10-plant minimum).Check all plants
one (1) week after planting for signs of wind shake and loosening due to soil
subsidence, firm and make good as necessary.

7.2.29 Planting

1. Installation for Trees and Shrubs

a) Plants shall be handled carefully and arranged so they take full

advantage of the individual character of each plant in relationship to
other plants.
b) Plants shall be placed in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in
place until sufficient backfill mixture has been firmly placed around the
root ball. Plants shall be placed so that the level at which they were set in
respect to surrounding ground level before installation is the same as
after installation.
c) Ball and burlap plants shall have twine, metal plastic, and wire ties
removed from the tops of the earth ball after backfill soil has been
placed to approximately two thirds of the ball depth, tamped lightly and
watered, Backfilling around plant shall be completed in 150mm layers
after water has drained away. Burlap wrapping shall not be pulled out
from under the earth ball.
d) Plants supplied in non-biodegradable containers shall be removed in
such a way as to prevent damage to plant or root system. Before
planting, any damaged or broken roots shall be carefully trimmed and
removed. Plants in biodegradable of organic containers may be installed
with the container in place.
e) A 100mm to 150mm high earth saucer shall be formed around individual
plants. The diameter of the saucer should be large than and outside the
backfilled area.
f) After planting, plants shall be guyed or staked as required or directed by
the Engineer. Trees and shrubs shall be protected against wind and sun
with burlap wrapping where necessary or directed to ensure satisfactory
establishment of plant.

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 g) Trees 1.2m to 1.8m tall shall be held in place with one (1) bracing stake.
The stake shall be positioned close to the tree on the windward side. The
stake shall be driven vertically into firm ground taking care not to injure
the roots. The tree shall be held firmly to the stake with a double strand
of wire. A chafing guard shall be used where the wire is in contact with
the tree.
h) Trees 1.8m to 2.5m tall shall be held in place with two (2) bracing stakes
placed on opposite sides. The stake shall be driven vertically into firm
ground taking care not to injure the roots. The tree shall be held in place
with a double stand of wire. Chafing guards shall be used where the wire
is in contact with the tree.
i) Trees taller than 2.5m shall be held firmly in place with three (3) guying
lines of double strand wire placed equidistantly around the tree. The wire
shall be anchored with ground stakes driven into firm ground outside the
earth saucer. The wire shall be anchored to the tree at a point equal or
greater than one half of its height. A flag shall be secured fastened to
each guying wire.

2. Installation of Palms

a) Palms shall be lifted and moved with a crane or other approved method
to avoid any damage to any part of the palm.
b) Palms shall be placed in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in
place until sufficient backfill mixture has been firmly placed around the
root ball. The top of the root ball should be 100mm below the top of the
planting pit. The pit shall be backfilled with specified mixture to
approximately two-thirds of depth of the root ball, tamped lightly and
watered. Backfilling around plant should be completed in 150mm layers
after water has drained away. A 100 to 150mm high earth saucer shall be
formed around the palm. The diameter of the saucer should be larger
than and outside the backfilled area.

3. Grass Stolons

a. Grass stolons or plugs shall be Cynodon dactylon – Grass or equivalent

and approved variety. Sprigs shall be 50mm to 75mm length with three
to six buds.
b. Ten days prior to planting or stolons, compost and soil additives shall be
cultivated into the soil.
c. All grass areas will have a min. sweet soil depth of 300 mm.
d. Prior to beginning planting operations, the irrigation system must be
completely operational ensuring 100% coverage.
e. Bring the water content of the area to be planted to field capacity and
allow water to percolate until standing water disappears.
f. Apply complete fertilizer at the rate of 0.25kg nitrogen per 100m^2 prior
to planting stolons on the day of planting.

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 g. Rake the fertilizer into the top 50mm of soil then thoroughly irrigate the
soil to a depth of 20cm and allow it to drain for two hours before
planting begins.
h. Do not exceed two days to storage on job site. Stolons are to be kept
moist, shaded and ventilated during such storage.
i. Any stolons which are not in good condition will be rejected by the
Engineer.
j. Plant during the time of the year when daytime temperatures do not
exceed 38 C and night time temperatures are not below 15 C. Mean
temperature should exceed 29 C +. Water within 15minutes of planting
at 38 C, 30 minutes at 11 C, 60 minutes at 21 C, and 120 minutes at 16
C.
k. Apply stolons at 6 bushels per 100m^2.
l. Water as necessary to keep stolon bed moist until germination. Once
grass is up, begin lengthening intervals between irrigation.

4. Removal of Existing Grass

a. A maximum depth of 150mm, which includes the thatch or the matted
roots shall be removed and disposed off site along with the grass.
b. Any weeds or inorganic matter to a maximum depth of further 150mm
shall be removed and disposed off site.
c. Standard specified soil preparation as mentioned in this document shall
be followed to receive new grass/turf or as directed by the Engineer.

5. Grass Maintenance
a. The stolonized area shall be kept moist at all times by irrigating at a rate
of 2.5 gallons per m2 per day, applied early morning.
b. Weeds shall be removed as soon as they appear and areas where stolons
have not struck shall re-plant to match existing.
c. First cut shall be done when the grass has all successfully struck and has
grown to an average height of 50mm. Remove debris, litter, and all
stones larger than 20mm in any dimension. Grass shall then be cut to a
height of 25mm.

7.2.30 Protective Fencing

Protect newly grassed areas with stakes and tape, or rope. Maintain fencing until
grass is well established the remove and reinstate ground. Make good any damage
to grass until area is accepted. The fencing will remain the property of the
Contractor.

7.2.31 Establishment Cutting

Between the first cut and completion, the height of growth must not exceed the
maximum height prior to first cut stated above. Cut as many times as necessary
with machinery and to heights as specified for the first cut.

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7.2.32 Failures of Grassing (Before Completion)
Bare areas and areas of dead grass which are apparent at Practical Completion
will be regarded as defects and must be made good by re-cultivation and re-
stolonized at times agreed with the Engineer.

7.2.33 Failures of Grassing (After Completion)

Bare areas and areas of dead grass which become apparent within the period
stated in the Contract will be regarded as defects due to materials or workmanship
not in accordance with the Contract. They must be made good by re-cultivation
and re-stolonizing immediately or at times agreed with the Engineer.

7.3 Completion and Maintenance

7.3.1 Substantial Completion
The Engineer shall certify the date when, in his opinion, substantial completion of
the works has been achieved.

7.3.2 Failure of Plants

Any plants that are found to be missing, defective or not in good condition prior
to substantial completion of the works and during the Defects liability period shall
immediately be replaced by the Contractor.

7.3.3 Defects Liability Period

7.3.4
1. The Contractor shall carry out maintenance of the planting strictly in
accordance with the Operation and Maintenance manual as approved by the
Engineer. The Contractor is to provide all required labour, tools, equipment,
materials and fertilizers to comply with the approved procedures. During the
Defects Liability Period, the Contractor shall monitor the irrigation system
as required and maintain the same in good working order for handover to the
employer on completion of the maintenance period.

2. The Contractor shall include the cost of training the Employers personnel
during the maintenance period.

7.3.5 Operation and Maintenance Manual

1. The Contractor shall compile a comprehensive Operations and Maintenance

Manual, which will include the following:

a. Pesticide/ Fungicide/ Herbicide applications – including safety

application rates and procedure, schedules, of Pesticides/ Fungicides/
Herbicides.
b. Irrigation – including water application rates and maintenance
procedures.
c. Landscape maintenance – including fertilizer descriptions, application
rates, and schedule.

C7/15
 d. General maintenance – including pruning, stakes and ties, berm-work,
replacement and clean up.
e. Equipment inventories, maintenance procedures and full manufacturer’s
maintenance manuals.
7.3.6 Material
The material shall be coco mulch.

7.3.7 Laying of Mulch

Mulch shall be laid at a thickness of 50mm to 100mm.

7.3.8 Maintenance
The Contractor shall rake the Mulch at 4 months intervals during his one year
maintenance. After a year of laying the Mulch (and on a yearly basis thereafter by
the Client), it shall be raked then top dressed with 1-2” new Mulch. Care shall be
used not to over-mulch.

7.4 Maintenance of Grass

7.4.1 Maintenance schedule for Grass

The grass turf shall be maintained by the Contractor soon after the First Cut and
as agreed with the Engineer. The maintenance programs are described in the
tables below:

Week 1 2 3 4
Jan NPK 20g/m2 NPK 10g/m2 Po. Sulp.
10g/m2
Feb Super 10g/m2
Mar Po. Sulp. Urea 10g/m2
10g/m2
Apr Am. Sulp. Super 10g/m2 Am. Sulp Am. Sulp
10g/m^2 10g/m2 10g/m2
May Am. Sulp Am. Sulp
10g/m2 10g/m2
June Am. Sulp Am. Sulp Am. Sulp
10g/m2 10g/m2 10g/m2
July Am. Sulp Po. Sulp
10g/m2 10g/m2
Aug Super 10g/m2 Am. Sulp
10g/m2
Sept Po. Sulp Am. Sulp
10g/m2 10g/m2
Oct Urea 10g/m2 Po. Sulp
10g/m2
Nov NPK 10g/m2 Po. Sulp NPK
10g/m2 10g/m2
Dec Super 10g/m2 Urea
10g/m2

C7/16
7.4.2 Maintenance schedule for Turf Physical

Week 1 2 3 4
Jan Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Feb Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Mar Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Apr Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Verticut Edge Trim
Edge Trim
May Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim Cut Cut
Cut Edge Trim
June Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Cut Cut
Edge Trim
July Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim Cut Cut
Cut Edge Trim
Aug Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Cut Cut
Edge Trim
Sept Cut Cut Cut Cut
Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Oct Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Nov Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim
Dec Cut Cut Cut Cut
Edge Trim Edge Trim

7.4.3 Recommended Nursery

LAHORE NURSERY
Tel :0321-4410524
Or equal and approved.

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7.5 Architectural Coatings

7.5.1 Description

1. General Requirement, is a part of this Section, and shall apply as if repeated

here.

2. This section includes, but is not limited to Architectural coating on surface of

retaining walls, piers, concrete surfaces as indicated on Drawings

7.5.2 Architectural coating system

Primer A pure 100% acrylic based primer with alkali resistant

properties. This primer must have excellent adhesion
to the substrate so as to support the weight of the
Stone Finish Coating.

Intermediate Coating A 100% pure acrylic resin based coating. This will
contain stone aggregates and impart high film build
and the stone-like appearance to the coating system,
applied in 2 to 3 coats over primer.

Finish Coat A modified silicone based clear coating with

outstanding durability when exposed to weather
conditions especially UV. Recommended only in Matt
Finish to retain the stone-like character and
appearance. It should not show any patches after
application.

7.5.3 Quality assurance

1. Qualifications
Perform painting and finishing specified in this section only by a firm who
has adequate equipment and skilled tradesmen to perform work
expeditiously, and is known to have been responsible for satisfactory
applications similar to that specified during a period of a least the past ten
years.

2. Mock-up
Prepare mock-up as directed by the Engineer for each Architectural Coating
system.

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7.5.4 Reference Standards
The following references standards shall apply:
The American Society for Testing and Materials:

a) Primary coat – BS 6150:2006 ref. 5/2

b) Secondary coat - BS 6150:2006 ref. 7/9
c) Glaze coat - BS 6150:2006 ref. 7/2

7.5.5 Submittal

1. Submit 300mm x300mm samples labelled to indicate finish, formula, color

name, number sheen and gloss units of each specified color in each specified
finish coat material.

2. Affidavits
Submit affidavits from manufacturer to certify that materials supplied for the
works meet specification requirements, that each is locally reputed material
produced by the manufacturer, and that he approves of their use of each
proposed application.

3. List of Materials:

a) Before ordering materials submit a list of those material proposed for

use on project for approval.
b) For each material, give
- Manufacturer
- Descriptive nomenclature that will appear on labels
- Qualities of formulation and performance, including but not
limited to:
- Basic components such as pigment, vehicle, drier, filler, etc.,
- Material consumption
- Consumption strength, tensile strength, expansion co-efficient,
adhesion.
- Wet edge and drying times;
- Flash point and combustibility;
- Hiding power, and wet and dry film thickness;
- Compatibility with substrate;
- Alkali resistance where applied to cementitious substrates;
- Resistance to salt in atmosphere;
- Light fastness when exposed to artificial light surfaces.
c) Do not order rejected materials for the project.

C7/19
7.5.6 Delivery, Storage And Handling

1. Deliver to site each container sealed, and labeled with manufacturer’s name,
catalogue number or brand name, colour, formulation type, and application
instruction.

2. Store only acceptable project materials at site, and in an area specifically set
aside for purpose that is locked, ventilated, maintained at a temperature
under maximum recommended by manufacturer, and protected from direct
rays of sun.

3. Ensure that health and fire regulations are complied with in strange area.
Provide carbon dioxide fire extinguishers of 9kg minimum capacity in each
storage area while materials are.

7.5.7 Site Conditions

1. Adapt techniques approved by the Consultant to ensure that storage,

handling and execution methods suit environmental condition that are
encountered at the site, and cause no damage to the products specified in this
section or to the performance of these products in use.

2. Follow recommendations of the supplier of the products

3. Environmental conditions shall include, but shall not be limited to, ambient
temperature; humidity; moisture in the air on the products and surfaces with
which they are in contact; moisture content of the products and materials
with which they are in contact; and temperature of the products and the
materials with which they are in contact.

4. Do not apply finishes when dust is being raised.

5. Do not apply finishes on porous surface such as plaster, masonry and similar
materials that contain over 12% moisture.

6. Ensure that all areas in which paint is applied are well ventilated and broom
clean.

C7/20
7.5.8 Materials
1. Products of the following manufacturers are acceptable provided that in each
case they are approved on basis of formulation and performance qualities, and
of samples submitted.

KANSAI PAINTS
Tel: 0800-KANSAI
JOTUN PAINTS
Tel: 042-35323500-3
DULUX PAINTS
0800-DULUX
Or equal and approved.

2. Only locally reputed products produced by their manufacturers on a

production basis are acceptable. Materials, such as oils, shellacs, putties,
thinners, and other materials required for specified finishes shall be of the best
quality produced and recommended by the manufacturer approved for supply
of finish materials in which they are incorporated. Client decision in this
regard shall be final and binding on the contractor.

3. Use only exterior grade materials for exterior surfaces.

7.5.9 Technical Data - Primary Coating, Secondary coating and Final Coating.
7.6 All Data should be obtained from Manufacturer and submitted to the Engineer for
approval.

7.6.1 Mixing

1. Coatings shall be supplied ready-mixed unless otherwise specified. Do not

incorporate adulterants.

2. Pigment shall be well ground to form a soft paste in the vehicle during its
storage life. Paddle mixing at job shall evenly disperse paste throughout
mixture to ensure paint of smooth flowing, easy brushing consistency.

3. Mix coatings only in mixing pails placed on suitably sized, non-ferrous our
oxide resistant metal pans.

7.6.2 Examination

1. Verify that specified environmental conditions are ensured before

commencing coatings and finishing preparation and applications.

2. Ensure that surface to receive finishing materials are satisfactory for specified
materials; have been provided by other sections as specified; will not

C7/21
 adversely affect execution, permanence, or quality of application; and can be
put into an acceptable by means of preparation specified in this section.

3. Test all surfaces for moisture content with an electronic moisture meter. Test
surface of materials containing lime for acid-alikali balance.

4. Maintain the site at all times until applications are completed a moisture
meter, hygrometer and thermometer and to verify surface and environmental
conditions.

5. Defective coating and finishing applications resulting from failure to properly

test surfaces and/or form application to unsatisfactory surfaces will be
considered the responsibility of this section.

7.6.3 Protection

1. Cover or mask surface adjacent to those receiving treatment and finishing to

protect materials and surface installed by other section from damage and soil.
Mask instruction and specification plates attached to equipment being painted.

2. Take particular care in storage and mixing areas that floor are protected by
tarpaulins and metal pans.

3. Place cloths and other disposable finishing materials, that are a fire hazard, in
closed metal containers containing water, and remove from building every
night.

4. Ensure that the appropriate trades remove from finished surfaces, store and
reinstall after is completed finish hardware, switch and receptacle plates,
escutcheons, luminaire frames and similar items.

5. Porous materials from which soil from finish materials cannot be completely
removed shall be replaced by this section.

6. Post “No Smoking” signs and ensure that spark-proof electrical equipment is
used in areas where inflammable coating materials are being applied.

7. Post “Wet Paint” signs throughout freshly finished areas and remove when
finishes are dry.

7.6.4 Preparation For Primary Coat

(Substrates: Concrete, Plaster, Masonry)

1. Fill minor holes and cracks with Portland cement mix. Match patches to tester
of adjacent surfaces.

C7/22
 2. Remove dirt, scale, loose mortar, and similar foreign matter by brushing,
sanding stone or emery paper prior to application of primer.

3. Remove oil and grease with a washing with tri-sodium phosphate solution
followed by a through rinsing with water.

4. Remove efflorescence by dry brushing if required, by washing with dilute

muriatic solution of one part commercial muriatic acid to 20 parts water,
followed by a complete rinse with a drenching by clear water.

7.6.5 Application

1. General

a) Perform painting and finishing specified in this section under supervision

of experienced foremen, with clean equipment designed for purpose used,
and under direction and specific recommendations of manufacturers
whose materials are used.
b) Before commencing applications, arrange for a site meeting at which
conditions of surface and possible adaptations to suit, and use of materials
and application procedures shall be discussed between Contractor, Sub-
contractor, and Engineer.
c) Do not Coat caulked joints.
d) Remove spatters of finish materials from adjacent surfaces, including,
before they set up, and by method not harmful to the surface.

2. Application For Primary Coat

Do not apply when humidity exceeds 95% and condensation is likely. Only
apply coating when surface temperature is 3* C or more above dew point.

Use 5 % to 10 % Sweet Water for ease of application.

Brush Recommended
Roller Recommended

3. Application For Intermediate Coat

Apply secondary coat with specially designed gun and roller to get rough and
smooth finish. Allow the cure overnight.

4. Application For Finishing Coat

Do not apply when humidity exceeds 95% and condensation is likely . Only
apply coating when surface temperature is 3/* C or more above dew point.
Use 5% to 10% thinner for ease of application depending or the method of
application.

C7/23
 5. Finishing Method
a) Apply finishing materials at proper consistently, free from brush marks,
sage, crawls, streaks, runs, laps, skips, voids, pinholes, missed areas, and
other perceptible defects, and with even colour, sheen and texture.
b) Apply finishing material to ensure full coverage, and at a rate not to
exceed that recommended by the manufacturer for the applicable surface.
c) Make clean true junctions with no overlap between adjoining applications
of finish coating.
d) Leave all parts of mouldings and ornaments clean and true to details with
no undue amount of coating in corners and depressions.
e) Use materials of a single manufacturer in each coating system.
f) If evidence is inconclusive that a specified coat has been applied, apply a
full coat to the areas concerned.
g) Obtain approval of each coat of finishing material before proceeding with
next coat. Coats not approved shall be re-done, no credit will be given for
those not approved.
h) Apply each Coat only after preceding Coat is dry and hard, or as otherwise
directed by the material manufacturer.
j) Touch up visible suction spots on dried primer, and ensure that they are
sealed before application of second Coat. Repeat on second coat if still
visible.
k) Do not Coat metal access and electrical panels when they are closed.
Paint when open and leave open until dry.

6. Adjustment And Cleaning

a) Touch up and refinish minor defective applications. Refinish entire wall,
ceiling or similar surfaces where finish is damaged or not acceptable.

b) Remove spilled or splattered finish materials from surface to installations

provided by other sections. Do not mar surface while removing.
c) Leave storage and mixing areas clean and in same condition as equivalent
space in project.

7. Disposal
Dispose as normal paint e.g., by controlled landfills. In case of doubt, consult
local authority. Do not empty into drain, sewers or other water courses.

7.7 Metal Railing Finishes

7.7.1 Description
1 General Requirement, is a part of this Section, and shall apply as if
repeated here.

2 This section includes, but is not limited to, the following work:
a) Coating on metallic surface of railing or as shown on Drawings

C7/24
 b) Colour will be selected by the Engineer from manufacture’s
standard custom range.

7.7.2 Primer
A Polyvinyl butyral primer containing phosphoric acid and corrosion inhibitive
pigments.

1 Technical Data:
Produced in accordance with BS 5493 and meets performance of AP2A.

VOLUME SOLIDS 8.5 % + 0.5 %

(based on ASTM D2697
Typical Dry Film Thickness 5 Micron
Wet Film Thickness 95 Microns
Theoretical Coverage 17.0 M2/Litre @ 5 Microns Dft
Finish Eggshell

2 Application:
a. Conventional Spray
This is recommended method of application. Maximum 2 %
Thinner may be added use standard equipment with a
pressure at 2.8-3.0 kg/cm2 (40 – 45 psi) .
b. Brush & Roller
May be used for difficult shapes or touch-up; however, care must
be taken not to exceed the recommended film thickness and ensure
that an even film is applied.

3 Drying Time:

Suface Touch Hard Recoating Interval Pot

Temperature Dry Dry Life
Minimum Maximum
15 ºC 30 mins 2 Hrs 2 Hrs 4 Hrs 12
Hrs
25 ºC 15 mins 1 Hr 1 Hr 3 Hrs 8
Hrs
35 ºC 5 mins ½ Hr ½ Hr 2 Hrs 4
Hrs
45 ºC 3 mins 10 mins ½ Hr 2 Hrs 2
Hrs

4 Mixing Ratio
4 parts Base to 1 part acid dilute (by volume)

C7/25
 It should not to be applied if the Relative Humidity exceeds 85 % or if
substrate temperature is within 3C of the Dew point

Thinner/Cleaning solvent Solvalux 5 – 30

Storage Instruction Store in a cool shaded dry area
Flash Point 10 C
Shelf Life 12 months from the date of manufacture

5 Surface Preparation
a) Ensure that only white zinc and other surface contaminants are
removed by abrading with abrasive paper or suitable mechanical
tools.
b) Remove all wax, oil and grease by solvent cleaning in accordance
with the guidelines given by SSPC-SP1
c) The surface to be coated must be clean and dry
d) Follow manufacturer’s instructions.

7.7.3 Paint
Acrylic polyurethane with recoat ability properties, colour and gloss retention,
resistant to a large number of chemicals and water.

1 Design Use
A finishing coat for structural steel in aggressively corrosive environments.

2 Physical Data
Volume Solids 52 % + 2%
(based on ASTM D2697
Typical Dry Film Thickness 50 microns
Wet Film Thickness 96 microns
Theoretical Coverage 10.4 m2/litre @ 50 microns
dft
Color specified by consultant from -
Manufacturers list.
Finish Glossy

3 Application
a. Airless Spray
This is recommended method of application Maximum 5 % Thinner may
be applied.
Tip Size : 0.28 – 0.38 mm (0.011 – 0.015 in)
Pressure : 110 – 150 kg/cm2 (1600 – 2100 psi)
b. Brush & Roller
May be used. However, additional coats may be required to achieve the re-
commended film thickness.

4 Adjustment and Cleaning

C7/26
 a. Repair areas of bare metal and welds on galvanized surface with zinc rich
paint.

b. Remove damaged, dented, defaced, defectively finished or tool marked

components and replace with new.

c. Refinish shop applied finishes only with approval form the Engineer.

d. Clean off dirt on surface resulting form installation.

5 Protection
Maintain protection of non-structural metalwork from time of installation until
final clean up.

Protect exposed surface of finished metals, which do not receive site finishing
with protective coating or wrappings. Use materials recommended by
finishers or manufactures of metals to ensure that method in sufficiently
protective, easily removed, and harmless to the finish.

Remove damaged, dented, defaced, defectively finished, or tool marked

components and replace with new.

6 Cleaning or Completion of Installation.

a Remove deposit that affect the appearance of units.
b Clean surface by washing with clear water; of water and soap or detergent
followed by clear water rinse.
c Clean and restore stained metal surfaces in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions. Replace if cleaning is impossible.

7.8 Cement texture decorative coating

7.8.1 Description
1 General Requirements is a part of this section and shall apply as if repeated
here.
2 This Section includes, but is not limited to supply and installation of cement
texture as specified by the Architect.

7.8.2 Qualification Assurance

Perform coating installation (local name centrox) specified in this Section only by
a firm which has adequate plant, equipment, skilled tradesmen to perform it
expeditiously, and is know to have been responsible for satisfactory installations
similar to that specified during a period of at least the immediate past five year.

7.8.3 Reference Standards

www.texturespk.com

C7/27
7.8.4 Submittals
1. Samples
Submit samples to Engineers site office.

2. Maintenance Instructions
Submit maintenance instructions

7.8.5 Site Conditions

1. Adapt techniques approved by the Engineer to ensure that storage, handling
and execution methods suit environmental conditions that are encountered at
the site, and cause no damage to the products specified in this section or to the
performance of these products in use.
2. Follow recommendations of the supplier of the products. Environmental
conditions shall include, but shall not be limited to Ambient temperature;
humidity; moisture in the air and on the products and surface with which they
are in contact; moisture content of the products and materials with which they
are in contact; and temperature of the products and the materials with which
they are in contact.

7.8.6 Examination
Ensure that environmental conditions and backing surface have been provided
According to specified requirement.

Defective coating installation resulting from application to unsatisfactory surface

will be considered the responsibility of the contractor.

7.8.7 Preparation
Base surface should be even and clean.

7.8.8 Installation
1. General
Install in accordance with specified requirements of cement coatings.

2. Adjustment and Cleaning

Before project completion, remove defective coating.

3. Extra Stock
Provide 2% of the quantity of each specified coating for extra stock, Deliver
extra Stock in sealed labeled packages to the Engineer as directed at
completion of Maintenance period.

4. Recommended Manufacturer
TEXTURES
Tel : 0300-823664

C7/28
 Or equal and approved

7.9 Artificial Sandstone Decorative elements

7.9.1 Description
1. General Requirements:
a. General Requirements is a part of this section and shall apply as if
repeated here.
b. This Section includes, but is not limited to Construction of Artificial
Sandstone Decorative elements in area of underpass as shown in drawing.

2. Submittals:
Submit samples to Engineers site office.

3. Maintenance Instruction:
Wash with mild detergent.

4. System:
Install with 6” s.s screws and cover with matching colored grouting.

5. Technical Features:
a. Refer to website www.homekraftworld.com

6. Qualification:
Perform installation specified in this Section only by a firm which has
adequate plant, equipment, skilled tradesmen to perform it expeditiously,
and is know to have been responsible for satisfactory installations similar to
that specified during a period of last five years.

7. Site Conditions:
a Adapt techniques approved by the Engineer to ensure that storage,
handling and execution methods suit environmental conditions that are
encountered at the site, and cause no damage to the products specified in
this section or to the performance of these products in use.
b. Follow recommendations of the supplier of the products.

8. Examination:
a Ensure that environmental conditions and backing surface have been
provided according to specified requirement.
b Defective installation resulting from application to unsatisfactory surface
will be considered the responsibility of the contractor.
c Decorative elements broken or damaged in transit or handling shall be
replaced by the contractor free of cost.

C7/29
9. Adjustment and Cleaning
Before project completion, remove and replace defective, damaged elements.

10. Recommended manufacturer.

Home Kraft
Tel : 021-35374428-29
Fax : 02-35374427
Or equal and approved.

C7/30