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Product: GENERATOR SET
Model: G3516H GENERATOR SET GLN
Configuration: G3516H Generator Set GLN00001-UP

Troubleshooting
G3500H Generator Set Engine
Media Number -M0074324-05 Publication Date -01/01/2020 Date Updated -06/01/2020

i06846210

System Overview
SMCS - 1000; 1900

Introduction
The Electronic Control Module (ECM) controls most of the functions of the engine. The ECM is an
environmentally sealed unit that is mounted in a terminal box on the engine. The ECM monitors various
inputs from sensors to control the engine. The ECM supports the following five primary functions:

Engine speed governing

Air/fuel ratio control

Start/stop sequencing

Engine monitoring and protection

Ignition control

Engine Speed Governing

The ECM maintains the desired engine speed by controlling the actuator for the throttle. The actuator is at
the inlet to the aftercooler. The actuator is electrically controlled and electrically actuated.

The ECM issues a throttle command that represents a percent of the level of electrical current. The output
can be viewed on the Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET).

Desired engine speed is determined by the following:

Status of the idle/rated switch

Desired speed input

Programmable Parameters

Air/Fuel Ratio Control

The ECM provides control of the air/fuel mixture for performance and for efficiency at low emission levels.
The system consists of an electronic fuel metering valve, output drivers in the ECM, and maps in the ECM.
The control compensates for changes in the BTU of the fuel to maintain desired emission levels.

The following steps describe the basic operation:

1. The ECM determines the desired flow rates for the air and for the fuel. The flow rates are determined
by these factors:

Desired engine speed

Actual engine speed

Calculated engine load

2. The command for the flow of the fuel is sent to the electronic fuel metering valve via the CAN data
link.

This process is repeated continuously during engine operation.

Start/Stop Sequencing
The ECM contains the logic and the outputs for control of starting and of shutdown. The customer
programmable logic responds to signals from the following components: engine control, emergency stop
switch, remote start switch, data link, and other inputs.

When the programmable logic determines necessary to crank the engine, the ECM supplies +Battery voltage
to the relay for the starting motor. The ECM removes the voltage when the programmable crank terminate
speed is reached or when a programmable cycle crank time has expired.

The engine must be equipped with an energize-to-run type of gas shutoff valve (GSOV). The source of the
voltage to the GSOV depends on the engine configuration. The GSOV may be energized by customer
equipment or by the engine control system.

If the engine control system controls the GSOV, the ECM supplies +Battery voltage to the GSOV whenever
the programmable logic determines that fuel is required to operate the engine.

For more information on programmable parameters, refer to Troubleshooting, "Programming Parameters".

Engine Monitoring and Protection

The ECM monitors both the engine operation and the electronic system.

Problems with engine operation such as low oil pressure produce an event code. The ECM can issue a
warning, a derating, or a shutdown. This depends on the severity of the condition. For more information,
refer to Troubleshooting, "Troubleshooting With An Event Code".

Problems with the electronic system such as an open circuit produce a diagnostic code. For more
information, refer to Troubleshooting, "Troubleshooting With A Diagnostic Code".

Ignition Control
The ECM provides variable ignition timing that is sensitive to detonation.

Each cylinder has an ignition transformer that is located under the valve cover for the cylinder. To initiate
combustion, the ECM sends a pulse of approximately 100 V to the primary coil of an ignition transformer at
the appropriate time and for the appropriate duration. The transformer steps up the voltage to create a spark
across the spark plug electrode.
Detonation sensors monitor the engine for excessive detonation. The engine has one detonation sensor for
each pair of adjacent cylinders. The sensors generate data on vibration that is processed by the ECM to
determine detonation levels. If detonation reaches an unacceptable level, the ECM retards the ignition timing
of the affected cylinder or cylinders. If retarding the timing does not limit detonation to an acceptable level,
the ECM shuts down the engine.

The ECM provides extensive diagnostics for the ignition system. The ECM also provides a switch input for
ignition timing to allow operation with alternate fuels such as propane that requires a timing offset.

one detonation sensor for each pair of adjacent cylinders.

Copyright 1993 - 2020 Caterpillar Inc. Wed Jul 01 2020 16:03:06 GMT-0300 (Horário Padrão de Brasília)
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