Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

This chapter described the formulation of a research design and methodology

adapted to achieve the stipulated goals for the study. This includes the research design,

description of the respondents, sources of data, instruments, data gathering procedure and

statistical tool.

Research Design

This study utilized a descriptive- inferential research approach to describe the data

and characteristics of the variables being studied. Defined by Laerd Statistics (2018), a

research uses descriptive- inferential approach to show and summarize data in a meaningful

way. This approach also made conclusions beyond the data that have analyzed regarding

the hypothesis that have made. This study described the data about the impact of

microenterprise to the quality of life of the residents of Mantagbac. The researchers also

used inferential statistics to determine the significant difference in the impact of the

microenterprise to the profile of the respondents in terms of their age, gender and the

number of years working in the business.

Respondents of the Study

The key respondents of this research study were the residents of Mantagbac, Daet,

Camarines Norte who were employed to the microenterprises within and surrounding the

vicinity of the Barangay. The target respondents of this study were fifty-eight (58)

microenterprise employees. The total number of respondents was based on the availability

25
of respondents in the said area and the information given by the participants on the field

being studied.

Sources of Data   

The researchers used the primary and secondary sources of data in this study.

Defined by Healy Library (2018), primary sources of were firsthand data concerning a

topic gathered by the researchers. On the other hand, secondary sources of data analyze and

interpret information such as books, articles and journals. The researchers used the survey

questionnaire to gather data from the respondents. Those respondents were knowledgeable

enough to answer the questions that the researchers provided regarding the study. This

study also gathered information from the different sources such as books, articles and other

secondary sources that helped in the interpretation of the data gathered by the researchers.

Research Instrument

This research study used researcher-made survey questionnaire to gather data from

the respondents. This instrument tested the impact of microenterprises to the quality of life

of the residents of Mantagbac. The researchers designed the questionnaires with two (2)

parts. The first part contained the profile of the respondents, specifically their name, age,

gender and the number of years working on the microenterprises. The second part was

composed of the different indicators on how microenterprises affect the quality of living of

the residents of the barangay. The second part of the questionnaire was rated based on the

Likert Scale. Defined by Question Pro (2018), it is a type of rating scale use to measure

attitudes or opinions. The respondents would rate the indicators based on their level of

agreement to the provided questions of the researchers, 4 for “Strongly agree,” 3 for

“Agree,” 2 for “Disagree,” and 1 for “Strongly Disagree.” The gathered data and

26
information from the respondents and other persons involved in this study was facilitated

by the researchers to meet the goals of the study.

Scale Interpretations
3.25- 4.0 Strongly Agree
2.50 3.24 Agree
1.75- 2.49 Disagree
1.0- 1.74 Strongly Disagree
Data Gathering Procedure

The purpose of this study was to know the impact of microenterprise to the quality

of life of the residents of Mantagbac, Daet, Camarines Norte. The researchers executed

several steps in collecting the data and information. Researchers used the survey method to

utilize information regarding the study. Initially, the researchers conducted a short briefing

to the selected respondents such as the microenterprise employees to have an understanding

about the study. Then, the researcher-made questionnaire was distributed to the selected

participants to answer questions and complete the data needed in the survey. All the data

collected were extracted by the researchers using statistics and interpreted to get the results

of the study.

Sampling Procedure

This study used the purposive non-probability sampling method for selecting the

participants in the study. According to Crossman (2018), purposive sampling refers to the

non-probability sample that is selected based on characteristics of a population and the

objective of the study. This technique was employed to ensure a fairly equal representation

of the variables for the study; the researchers selected and focused on the residents of

Mantagbac Daet, Camarines Norte who were employed to the microenterprises within and

27
surrounding the barangay. The selected samples were the sources of data and information

of the conducted study.

Statistical Tool

In determining the impact of microenterprises to the quality of life of the residents

of Mantagbac Daet, Camarines Norte, the researchers used the “Frequency;” “Percentage,”

“Weighted Mean,” and the “T Test” statistical treatment to get the results of the data

gathered from the respondents. According to Lavrakas (2008), the frequency and

percentage distribution is the display of data that involves the total number of observations

to be represented within each data point. This is to show the percentage frequency of the

survey responses and other data gathered in the study. In this research, frequency and

percentage was used to measure the socio-demographic profile of the respondents and the

Likert scale interpretation.

The weighted mean defined by Rodriguez (2017), is the average of the survey

responses and interpretations. The weight of the survey allows the researchers to get

accurate data. The current study used the weighted mean to weigh the result of the

responses needed in interpreting the result of the survey. The weighted mean was used to

identify the impact of microenterprise to the quality of life of the residents in Mantagbac.

In interpreting the results of the survey, the researchers used the t-test statistical

treatment describe by Statistics How To (2018) as a statistical test that compares two

means (averages) to identify their differences and tell how significant their differences are.

This study determined if there was a significant difference in the impact of microenterprise

to the profile of the residents of the Mantagbac in terms of their age, gender and the

number of years working in the business.

28
 NOTES
Laerd Statistics (2018). “Descriptive and Inferential Statistics.” Retrieved from
https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/descriptive-inferentialstatistics.php

29
Healy Library. “Primary Sources: A Research Guide.” (2018). Retrieved from
https://umb.libguides.com/PrimarySources/secondary

Question Pro (2018). “Likert Scale Questions and Examples.” Retrieved from
https://www.questionpro.com/article/likert-scale-survey-questions.html

Crossman A. (2018). “Understanding Purposive Sampling.” Retrieved from https://

www.thoughtco.com/purposive-sampling-3026727

Lavrakas P. (2010). “Percentage Frequency Distribution.” Retrieved from

http://methods.sagepub.com/reference/encyclopedia-of-surveyresearchme
thods/n372.xml

Rodriguez B. (2017). “Weighted Averages in Survey Analysis.” Retrieved from

https://sciencing.com/weighted-averages-survey-analysis-8633297.Html

Statistics How To (2018). “T Test (Student’s T-Test): Definition and Examples.”

Retrieved from and-statistics/t-test/

30