Block 3 - Sustainable Development

Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
Block No.3
Chapter Title: Sustainable development
Course Teacher: Mallick Rakibul Hasan
Date: 06-05-2020
Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership

What have we discussed in Block 2?
Before we start …. 5 minutes

exercise
Discuss with
your
neighbor
Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 2

Short Recap Block 2?

Link with block 3?
?
Overview
1. Current state of the world

2. Sustainable development: history, definition and implications
3. UN Sustainable Development Goals
4. The role of the private and public sector in advancing
sustainable development

1. Current state of the world

1. Current state of the world (1)
2024: 8
billion
people

Questions for class
How will a growing world population possibly affect the

world? Please write down three effects

Planetary boundaries
Source: Stockholm Resilience

Centre (2012)

Global inequality
Source: World Economic Forum

(2015)

Peace and security
Armed Conflict Database (ACD) Index 2015
figures:
Source: International Institute for

Strategic Studies (2016)

2. Sustainable development:
history, definition and
implications

2. Sustainable development (1)
History
The idea of sustainability dates back more than 40 years
• Stockholm 1972: UN Conference on the Human Environment
• Report of the World Commission on the Environment and

Development: “Our Common Future” 1987
• Rio 1992: UN Conference on Environment and Development: Agenda 21
• Johannesburg 2002: 2nd World Summit on Sustainable Development
• New York 2015: UN Sustainable Development Goals adopted

Definition
The Brundtland definition –
• “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the

present without compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs”
• Sustainable development contains two key concepts:
– “the concept of ‘needs’, in particular the essential needs of the world’s

poor, to which overriding priority should be given; and
– the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social

organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and future
needs”

Implications
Sustainable development means:
• Looking at levels of consumption and waste
• Thinking about our careful use of the earth's resources
• Realizing that we are each responsible for our actions, and

that what we do can have a huge effect on other people and
the environment

Implications
Sustainability is a transition:
From: To:
Short-term thinking Long-term thinking
An economy Economy integrated

outside of nature with nature
A linear flow A system of flows

of resources
Fossil fuels Renewable energy

Questions for class
In the context of sustainable development, you may come across

terms such as ‘standard of living’ or ‘quality of life’. What do
these terms mean? How are they related to sustainable
development?

3. UN Sustainable Development
Goals

Goals (1)
• The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
succeed the UN Millennium Development goals
• The SDGs consist of 17 goals
• All goals were unanimously adopted by the UN
General Assembly, including Bangladesh, in 2015
(A/RES/70/1)
• Are part of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development

Goals (2)

Goals (3)
Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Targets (examples)
By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere,
currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day
By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and
the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources, as well as
access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other
forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new
technology and financial services, including microfinance
By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in vulnerable
situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-
related extreme events and other economic, social and environmental
shocks and disasters

Goals (4)
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition
and promote sustainable agriculture
Targets (examples)
By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the
poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe,
nutritious and sufficient food all year round
By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement
resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and
production, that help maintain ecosystems, that strengthen capacity
for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding
and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil
quality

Goals (5)
Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all
ages
Targets (examples)
By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70
per 100,000 live births
By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road
traffic accidents
By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-
care services, including for family planning, information and
education, and the integration of reproductive health into national
strategies and programmes

Goals (6)
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and
promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Targets (examples)
By 2030, ensure equal access for all women and men to affordable
and quality technical, vocational and tertiary education, including
university
By 2030, eliminate gender disparities in education and ensure equal
access to all levels of education and vocational training for the
vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples
and children in vulnerable situations
By 2030, ensure that all youth and a substantial proportion of adults,
both men and women, achieve literacy and numeracy

Goals (7)
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and
girls
Targets (examples)
End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls
everywhere
Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced
marriage and female genital mutilation
Ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal
opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in
political, economic and public life

Goals (8)
Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water
and sanitation for all
Targets (examples)
By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable
drinking water for all
By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating
dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and
materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and
substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
By 2020, protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including
mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes

Goals (9)
Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and
modern energy for all
Targets (examples)
By 2030, increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the
global energy mix
By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology for supplying
modern and sustainable energy services for all in developing
countries

Goals (10)
Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
Targets (examples)
Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working
environments for all workers
By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work
for all women and men, including for young people and persons with
disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value
Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour,
end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition
and elimination of the worst forms of child labour […] and by 2025
end child labour in all its forms

Goals (11)
Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and
sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Targets (examples)
Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure,
including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support
economic development and human well-being, with a focus on
affordable and equitable access for all
Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030,
significantly raise industry’s share of employment and gross domestic
product […] and double its share in least developed countries
Support domestic technology development, research and innovation
in developing countries

Goals (12)
Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
Targets (examples)
By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political
inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity,
origin, religion or economic or other status
Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies,
and progressively achieve greater equality
By 2030, progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the
bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the
national average

Goals (13)
Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable
Targets (examples)
By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable
housing and basic services and upgrade slums
By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable
transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding
public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in
vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and
older persons
Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and
natural heritage

Goals (14)
Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production
patterns
Targets (examples)
By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of
natural resources
By 2030, substantially reduce waste generation through prevention,
reduction, recycling and reuse
By 2030, halve per capita global food waste at the retail and
consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply
chains, including post-harvest losses

Goals (15)
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its
impacts
Targets (examples)
Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards
and natural disasters in all countries
Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies
and planning
Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional
capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction
and early warning

Goals (16)
Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and
marine resources for sustainable development
Targets (examples)
By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all
kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris
and nutrient pollution
By 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas,
consistent with national and international law and based on the best
available scientific information
By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal
ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts

Goals (17)
Goal 15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat
desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss
Targets (examples)
By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of
all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and
substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally
Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected
species of flora and fauna
Mobilize and significantly increase financial resources from all sources
to conserve and sustainably use biodiversity and ecosystems

Goals (18)
Goal 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Targets (examples)
Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates
everywhere
End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against
and torture of children
Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms

Goals (19)
Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize
the global partnership for sustainable development
Targets (examples)
Assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt sustainability
through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt
relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate, and address the external
debt of highly indebted poor countries to reduce debt distress
Promote the development, transfer, dissemination and diffusion of
environmentally sound technologies to developing countries on
favourable terms
Enhance international support for implementing effective and
targeted capacity-building in developing countries

Goals (20)
“Within finite resources of Mother Earth, sustainable
management and efficient use of natural resources are
crucial. Our pattern of living and lifestyle needs to be in
harmony with the nature”
Opening statement of Her Excellency Sheikh Hasina, Hon'ble Prime Minister of the Government of the People's
Republic of Bangladesh at the UN General Assembly in September 2015.

Goals (20)
• Example of implementation of SDGs in Bangladesh:
Epyllion Group
• In its Communication on Progress Report to the UN Global
Compact, Epyllion Group reports that:
• “[it shows] full support to all these seventeen
[sustainable development] goals [and] has adopted
the goals that are similar and achievable from its
business stands”
• Epyllion for instance contributes to SDG 10 (reduced
inequality) by recruiting disabled people

Questions for class
Making your wish list
Assume four different roles (representing different sets of people)

given below. You have to make five different wishes to have a better
quality of life. The only condition in this case, being, you should not
ask for more money.
After selecting one of the following roles, what would you wish for?
Please write them down.
• Poor farmer in a village
• Slum dweller in a large city
• Housewife in a middle-income colony
• Youth graduating from college in a city
Questions for class
Does sustainable development cost a lot of money or will you save
money instead?

4. The role of the private and
public sector in advancing

4. The role of the private and public
sector (1) Defining partnerships
Multi-stakeholder partnerships are “groupings of civil society,
the private sector, the public sector, the media and other
stakeholders that come together for a common purpose,
pooling their diverse resources, expertise and experience to
achieve common goals.”
Source: Development Co-operation Report 2015 (OECD, 2015)

4. The role of the private and public
sector (2) Case study
Sumba Iconic Island
• Advancing sustainability through an innovative public-

private-community partnership
• Enabling the poorest island of Indonesia to utilize
renewable energy
• Concrete goals: stimulating local production and use of
biogas, wind energy, solar energy and water energy.
• Perfect example of how collaboration can create
synergetic effects (1+1=3)
Source: Lambooy & Van ‘t Foort (2013)

4. The role of the private and public sector (3)
Case study Non-profit engineering
company
Large Indonesian company Sewatama Nagata
Kamanggih Cooperative
IBEKA
Sawadee Reizen ESDM
Public sector
Sumba Local
Private actors:
BLØF Governments
+
BNI Governor NTT
Loyens & Loeff PLN

law firm Winrock
Castro Entec
Ritter Kema Vel & Nugrohowardani
IDBP/SNV
JRI Research
Source: Lambooy & Van ‘t Foort (2013)

Consultants/academics
5. Conclusion
• Sustainable development aims to meet the needs of
the present generations without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• The SDGs form the new global vehicle to promote
• The SDGs are also applied by Bangladeshi garment
companies
• Public-private(-community) partnerships may help
advance sustainable development

Instructions – Story of a Product
Assignment 10% of
the final
grade
Select a
Form a group Prepare a 10
product you
of 4 -5 minute
can buy in
students presentation
Bangaldesh
Block 14

Instructions – Story of a Product
Assignment
In this presentation you should address the following:
1. Map the supply chain needed for producing the product
2. Make a baseline analysis by describing the most important
social, environmental and/or economic issues for each tier
of the supply chain
3. Map the most relevant issues for the company that have a
high sustainability impact by applying a materiality matrix
and subsequently select the most relevant issue with the
highest impact
4. Develop a long-term strategy that has the best potential of
finding a sustainable solution for your selected issue

Example: MEAT

Map the supply chain of the product
Independent producers McDonalds
Farm Process Transport Package Distribute Branding Retail Consumer
Simplified Supply Chain from Farm to Consumer
Step 1.

Map the sustainability issues
• Unsustainable use of water

• Unhealthy and unsafe working conditions
• Child labor
• Unreasonable working hours
• Insufficient income and income security
• Unsustainable use of cultivated land (e.g. fertilizers)
• Carbon footprint
• Rainforest destruction
Step 2.

Map the sustainability issues
• Misleading marketing
• Carbon footprint
• Health
• Obesity
• Post consumer waste
Step 2.

Sustainability issues
Step 2.

Prioritize issues
Step 3.

Strategy for sustainable
solutions
After prioritizing the issues select just one issue in the
supply chain of the product and develop a strategy
how to make this more sustainable!
For example: for the hamburger if you think that

public health or obesity is the biggest sustainability
risk come up with a sollution on how to resolve this.
Step 4.

Next week Block 4
The concept of CSR
Mandatory readings:
Focus: Nasrullah & Rahim
Sustainability 2014, Chapter 2:
for ‘Understanding of CSR
companies and its standards’, p9.
- p.40.
Nasrullah & Rahim
2014, Chapter 4: ‘CSR
in the Private
Enterprises of
Bangladesh’, p74. –
p114.

Block 3 - Sustainable Development

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Corporate Social Responsibility

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership

Before we start …. 5 minutes

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 2

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 3

1. Current state of the world

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 5

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 6

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 7

How will a growing world population possibly affect the

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 8

Source: Stockholm Resilience

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 9

Source: World Economic Forum

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 10

Source: International Institute for

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 11

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 12

• Stockholm 1972: UN Conference on the Human Environment

• Report of the World Commission on the Environment and

• Rio 1992: UN Conference on Environment and Development: Agenda 21

• Johannesburg 2002: 2nd World Summit on Sustainable Development

• New York 2015: UN Sustainable Development Goals adopted

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 13

• “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the

• Sustainable development contains two key concepts:

– “the concept of ‘needs’, in particular the essential needs of the world’s

– the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 14

• Looking at levels of consumption and waste

• Thinking about our careful use of the earth's resources

• Realizing that we are each responsible for our actions, and

Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 16

An economy Economy integrated

A linear flow A system of flows

Fossil fuels Renewable energy

In the context of sustainable development, you may come across

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Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 21

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Assume four different roles (representing different sets of people)

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Foundation Course on CSR, SRHR and Innovative Leadership 46