02 Jan 2021

Lecture
1- Quote
2- Editorials
3- Vocabulary
4- Subjective Q
5- Current Affair Q
6- News Analysis
7- Capital & Currency
8- Prelims Focus Facts
9- Review (Revision)
10- Maps -(Q-Revision)
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VeeR Talyan

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2 Jan 2021 - Essay – 1000-1200 words
“Too much Democracy is Detrimental to Development”
"बहुत ज्यादा लोकतंत्र विकास के ललए हानिकारक है "

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➢ The U.P. religious conversion ordinance is unconstitutional, vilifies inter-faith
marriages and violates key rights

➢ Article 213 (1) of the Constitution of India provides: “If at any time, except when the
Legislative Assembly of a State is in session, or where there is a Legislative Council in
a State, except when both Houses of the Legislature are in session, the Governor is
satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take
immediate action, he may promulgate such Ordinances as the circumstances appear
to him to require: …” There are, therefore, three pre-conditions to be satisfied before
the Governor promulgates an ordinance:
• First, the state legislature should not be in session;
• Circumstances should exist for promulgating an ordinance and
• Importantly, those circumstances must warrant immediate action.
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➢ There is no established practice requiring the Governor (or the President under
Article 123 of the Constitution) to state the circumstances for immediate action.
➢ Therefore, while the recent Commission for Air Quality Management Ordinance
(https://bit.ly/3rEj4WJ) gave a four page justification for immediate action
➢ Farmer’s Produce Trade and Commerce Ordinance (https://bit.ly/3rK24OH) merely
stated in the preamble what the ordinance provides for, but did not disclose the
circumstances and urgency for immediate action.

➢ Healthy convention should develop and the preamble to any ordinance should state
the immediacy for promulgating it when the Legislature is not in session.
➢ This would greatly enhance transparency in legislation, but, more importantly,
enable legislators to understand why they are, in a sense, by-passed and why a
debate and discussion in the Legislature could not be awaited.
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➢ The court can inquire whether circumstances existed that enabled the Governor to
be satisfied of the necessity of promulgating an ordinance.
➢ Therefore, why not disclose the circumstances and reason for immediate action in
the first instance rather than require people to go to court to find out?

➢ The preamble to the The Uttar Pradesh Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of

Religion Ordinance commonly called the anti-love jihad ordinance, merely indicates
what it provides for, namely, unlawful conversion from one religion to another by
coercion, misrepresentation and so on “or by marriage”.

➢ It then proceeds to record the satisfaction of the Governor of the existence of

circumstances and the necessity for “him/her to take immediate action”.

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➢ Let us try and imagine the circumstances requiring promulgation of the ordinance
as far as marriage is concerned.
➢ If one fraudulent or coercive inter-faith marriage is taking place, the police can
certainly prevent it, as they supposedly do in child marriages.
➢ An ordinance is not required for it.
➢ One can understand conversion for marriage, but if an adult person desires to get
converted to the religion of the other before marriage, what objection can anybody
have?
➢ Section 7 provides that upon receiving information (it may be fake news) that a
religious conversion is designed to take place, a police officer is authorised under the
Criminal Procedure Code without orders from a Magistrate and without a warrant, to
arrest the person so designing, if it appears that the commission of the offence
cannot be otherwise prevented.
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➢ The ordinance is prone to abuse and we have seen its consequences — of arbitrary
arrests.

➢ It is ill-conceived, overbroad and vague in many respects.

• It vilifies- नतरस्कार करिा all inter-faith marriages and
• Places unreasonable obstacles on their personal choice of a partner,
• Mocks the right to privacy and
• Violates the right to life, liberty and dignity.
• In short, it is unconstitutional.

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 Taking note of farmer welfare, the Kerala way
➢ The political allegations levelled against the State in the
context of the farmers’ protest are far removed from the
facts
➢ For more than a month now, farmers are writing a new
history, camping at the borders of Delhi.
➢ The concrete barricades, thorny iron fences and powerful water cannons have not
been able to prevent their tractor trollies from reaching the vicinity of the national
capital.
➢ Assembled in their thousands, they have established a new way of life at Singhu,
Tikri, Ghazipur, Noida and Shahjahanpur.
➢ Unflinching willpower: The government might have thought that the farmers would
retreat to their villages after a couple of days or a week at the most, but this is not
the mood at all among the farmers.
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➢ The firefighters in the government who talk in different terms (may be purposefully):
• Some of them say that the doors of dialogue are always kept open.
• There are certain others who are stubborn in saying that there can be no
compromise on the implementation of the three Farm Bills.
• There are also those who still promise to take a relook if necessary, but only after
two years.
• As part of their campaign of malignment, the propaganda managers have labelled
the farmers ‘Khalistanis’ and ‘urban naxalites’.
➢ Following in the footsteps of NDA ally, the Shiromani Akali Dal that walked out of the
NDA in support of the farmers, the Rashtriya Loktantrik Party has also snapped its
ties with the alliance.
➢ Another important party that shares power with BJP in Haryana continues to remain
unhappy with the central government’s approach to the farmers’ issues.
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➢ The Narendra Modi government expected the farmers to tire out and slowly retreat
from the battlefront- But it is mistaken.
➢ The determination by the farmers to go on with the struggle is only strengthening by
the day.

➢ Prime Minister pointed a finger against: Left-led government in Kerala.

• All the allegations that he has levelled against the Kerala government are unfounded,
and far from truth.
• In his exhortation that there are no Agricultural Produce Market Committees
(APMCs) and mandis in Kerala,
• He presumed that the concept of the Minimum Support Price is not prevalent in the
State.
➢ He has shut his eyes to the basic truth about the agricultural scenario in Kerala.
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➢ Mandis regulated by an APMC are not in existence in Kerala.
➢ But it does not mean that the interests of farmers are not taken care of in the State.
➢ In fact, Kerala is the State where farmers’ rights are being protected by:
• Government itself,
• Much more effectively than any other Indian State.
➢ Comparison:
• Government of India has fixed the procurement rate for rice at ₹18 a kg,
• Left Democratic Front government in Kerala is procuring rice from cultivators at
₹27.48 a kg.
➢ In the same manner copra (dried coconut) is also procured at a much higher rate in
Kerala than the price announced by the central government.
➢ Kerala is the State where increased basic price is ensured not only for paddy but also
vegetables and fruits.
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➢ Sixteen such items are enlisted by the government where the basic prices (per kg) are
guaranteed. To cite some of them:
• Tapioca (₹12),
• Banana (₹30),
• Garlic (₹139),
• Pineapple (₹15),
• Tomato (₹8),
• String beans (₹34),
• Ladies’ fingers (₹20),
• Cabbage (₹11)
• Potato (₹20).
➢ Apart from crop insurance, paddy cultivators will get the royalty in Kerala at the rate
of ₹2,000 per hectare.
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➢ They have a pension too, which is something unique in India.
➢ In 2006, when farmers’ suicides became the order of the day across the country, the
Left Front government introduced:
• A debt relief commission
• Extended a helping hand to the farmers, thereby saving them.
➢ It is intriguing why the Prime Minister has never said a word about:
• Experience of Bihar: Mandis were abolished in 2006 and the plight of farmers that
only worsened after this measure was initiated.
• Madhya Pradesh: After the three farm ordinances of June 2020, 40% of mandis in
Madhya Pradesh have registered only zero transactions.
➢ Reality of the farm Bills:
➢ Though they claim ‘to enable’ the protection and the empowerment of farmers, the
truth is just the opposite.
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➢ The purpose of these laws:
• Enabling of the corporatisation of Indian agriculture
• Introduction of contract farming.
• Ministers continue to assure the continuance of mandis they are practically
pushed out of the scene, as it happened in Madhya Pradesh and elsewhere.
• Mercy of corporate profit mongers.
➢ These laws would ruin:
• Backbone of the agricultural economy
• Badly affect the food security of India.
➢ Farmers are in the struggle in order to: Prevent such a calamity from happening.
➢ It is high time that the Prime Minister and his government understand:
• Patriotic and selfless role being played by the food providers of the country
• Genuine nature and cause of their struggle.
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 Clear connection
➢ Having got the interconnection charges out of the way,
telcos should focus on service quality
➢ Termination charge for wireless-to-wireless domestic calls
shall be zero from January 1 onwards.
➢ Until now operators paid Interconnection Usage Charges
(IUC) of 6 paise per minute on mobile calls.
➢ IUC: Cost a mobile operator pays to another operator for carrying through/
terminating a call
➢ TRAI will be implementing the ‘Bill and Keep’ regime in the country from January 1,
2021, which will end IUC for all domestic voice calls.
➢ Spectrum auction is also scheduled this year:
• Focus should shift to giving the users a better deal — as reliable call quality and
competitive tariffs.
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➢ Measure delayed by a year by regulator TRAI due to concerns:
• Not all operators were ready,
• Shift to more efficient 4G networks and compatible subscriber handsets was slower
than anticipated.

➢ One operator, Jio, had a higher proportion of outgoing calls to other wireless
operators
• Since its launch a few years ago,
• Thus, having to pay significant net interconnection charges, which was six paise per
minute since 2017.
• That imbalance has reduced.

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➢ India’s high density telecom market is poised for further growth as it awaits
expansion through 5G and Internet-connected devices.
➢ Economic Survey of 2019-20 pointed out, intense competition has reduced the
number of private players.
➢ Public sector operators BSNL and MTNL still face a challenge
• Their future must be clarified early,
• With efforts to improve their technological capabilities and service levels.
➢ India: Mass market for voice and data services that fuel the digital economy.
➢ Badly priced spectrum could lead to:
• Auction failures
• Lack of genuine competition
• Bound to hamper the growth of the next big wave of telecoms, of which the 5G piece
is critical for new services.
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 Question
Consider the following statements:
1. Kodiak Island is a large island on the south coast of the U.S.
state of Alaska
2. The largest island in the Kodiak Archipelago
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
 Answer-C
➢ Kodiak Island is a large island on
the south coast of the U.S.
state of Alaska, separated from
the Alaska mainland by
the Shelikof Strait.
➢ The largest island in the Kodiak
Archipelago, Kodiak Island is
the second largest island in the
United States and the 80th largest
island in the world