Indian Journal of Advanced Nursing ISSN online (2394-7160), ISSN print (2319-815X) Volume III, Issue

III, July- Sept 2017, Dr.K.Ramu, Hemalatha S, Effectiveness of Teaching Programme on Diabetic
Patients, p-7-9
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED
TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF
DIABETIC PATIENTS REGARDING LIFE STYLE MODIFICATIONS AT
SHRIDEVI INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH
HOSPITAL, TUMKUR.

Dr. K. Ramu, Hemalatha .S

Author’s affiliation
1.Principal, Shridevi College of nursing,Sira Road, Tumkur, India
2. Lecturer, Shridevi College of nursing,Sira Road, Tumkur, India
Corresponding author
Dr. K. Ramu, Principal, Shridevi College of nursing,Sira Road, Tumkur, India

INTRODUCTION and wellness by bringing about appropriate

Diabetes is Global public Health Problem
and is now growing as an epidemic in both
developed and developing countries. India is
the “diabetic capital” of the world with
41million people affected with the disease.
Around 150 Million people suffer from
diabetes in the World, out of which, above
35 million are Indians. India leads the World
today with the larger number of diabetes in
any given country followed by China and
U.S.A.1
The problem of diabetes in today’s scenario
is enhanced when there is adaptation of
wrong lifestyle in day to day life. Life style
is the way you live your life, what you eat,
how and when you eat, how much you
exercise, how you cope with stress full
situations. It is the need of our life because
the biggest killer in the world today
accounting for almost 80% deaths
worldwide is not war, disease, natural
calamities or accidents. The biggest killer is
life style. Diabetes can be prevented by good
life style practices. Lifestyle practices are
pro-active approach towards optimum health
changes in the way you live to live life
more. Wrong diet, lack of physical activity
and exercise, obesity, mental stress and
tensions leads to diabetes and other diseases.
Hence, one has to realize that one’s life style
plays a crucial role in “remaining healthy”.2
Objectives
To assess the knowledge and practice
regarding life style modification among
patients.
To assess the effectiveness of structured
teaching programme on knowledge and
practice regarding life style modification
among patients.
To find the association between level of
knowledge and socio-demographic variables.
Conceptual Frame WORK
The conceptual frame work for the study
was based on general systems model
byludwig von bertalanffy.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
a) Research approach: Evaluative
approach is adopted in this study.
b) Research design: One Group pre-
test and post-test
Indian Journal of Advanced Nursing ISSN online (2394-7160), ISSN print (2319-815X) Volume III, Issue
III, July- Sept 2017, Dr.K.Ramu, Hemalatha S, Effectiveness of Teaching Programme on Diabetic
Patients, p-7-9
c) Sample: Sample constituted type 2
diabetic patients in Shridevi Institute
of Medical Science and Research
Hospital, Tumkur.
d) Sample size: 60 Type 2 diabetic
patients who met the inclusion
criteria were selected as samples.
e) Sampling technique: Purposive
sampling technique was used.
Criteria for Sample Selection
 Inclusion criteria
1. Type 2 diabetic patients who are
willing to participate in the study.
2. Type 2 diabetic patients who can
understand English and Kannada.
 Exclusion criteria
1. Type 2 diabetic patients who are
not willing to participate in the study.
Description Of The Tool
The structured interview schedule consists
of three sections
Section A: dealt with demographic variables
such as age, gender, educational status,
occupation, religion and monthly income.
The respondents were asked to give relevant
information in the space provided.
Section B: dealt with structured knowledge
questionnaire, it consists of 30 items which
includes general information on type 2
diabetes, diabetic diet, diabetic exercise, and
stress on diabetes.
Section C: It consists of 24 Practice
questionnaires.
The reliability co-efficient of tool obtained
was r=0.564. Hence the tool was found to be
valid, reliable and feasible.
Ethical Clearance
Prior permission for the study was obtained
from the Medical and Nursing
Superintendent of Shridevi Institute of
Medical Science and Research Hospital,
Tumkur. An informed consent was also
obtained from the respondents after proper
explanation about the purpose, usefulness of
the study and assurance given about the
confidentiality of their responses.
Data Collection Procedure
Data was collected at Shridevi Institute of
Medical Science and Research Hospital,
Tumkur, average of 10 type2 diabetic
patients were interviewed per day. The pre
test was conducted on day one by
administering knowledge and practice
questionnaire and structured teaching
programme was administered on 2ndday. The
post test was conducted on 7thday by
administering same questionnaires that was
used for pre test.
RESULTS
The analysis of the data was based on the
objectives and hypothesis. The descriptive
and inferential statistics were mean,
frequency, mean percentage and standard
deviation with tabular presentation of the
data. Inferential statistics used were paired‘t’
test to compare pre and post test knowledge
scores chi square (2) test will be used to
find out the association between selected
variables with post-test knowledge scores.
The study findings revealed that (15%) of
the respondents belongs to the age group of
30 to 35 years, majority (65%) of the
respondents belongs to the age group of 35
to 40 years, (13.33%) of responds belongs to
the age group of 40-45 years, (6.66%) of the
respondents belongs to the age group of 45-
50 years. In the study (30%) of the
respondents had completed primary
education, (13.3%) of the respondents had
completed secondary education, (6.6%) of
the respondents had completed PUC and
(50%) of the respondents had completed
Indian Journal of Advanced Nursing ISSN online (2394-7160), ISSN print (2319-815X) Volume III, Issue
III, July- Sept 2017, Dr.K.Ramu, Hemalatha S, Effectiveness of Teaching Programme on Diabetic
Patients, p-7-9
degree. In the study majority (75%) of the
respondents are males and (25%) of the
respondents are females. In the study (50 %)
of the respondents had private job, (30%) of
the respondents had Government job, (13.3
%) of the respondents had self employment
and (6.6 %) of the respondents had
unemployment. 41% of the patients are
Hindus, 35% are Muslims, 18% are
Christians and 5% belongs to other religion.
It is observed that 50% are married and 30%
are single. In this study 60% are from urban
area and 40% are from rural area. It is also
observed that majority(75%) of Type-2
diabetic patients are Non-vegetarians and
25% are Vegetarians. In this study 75% of
Type-2 diabetic patients do not exercise
regularly and only 25% do regular exercises.
The mean pre-test knowledge score was
10.91. 60% of Type 2 diabetic patients have
inadequate knowledge, 40% have moderate
knowledge and 0% has adequate knowledge.
The mean post test knowledge score was
20.55 at 0.05 level of significance. After
administration of structured teaching
programme the post test result has shown
enormous improvement on knowledge, 48%
of type2 diabetic patients have moderate
level of knowledge, 52% have adequate
knowledge and 0% has inadequate
knowledge about lifestyle modification.
The practice on life style modification at pre
test level has over all mean 28.78 with
Standard deviation 5.60. It reveals that pre
test practice score on life style modification
was 35% of Type-2 diabetic patients have
poor level practice, 65% had moderate level
of practice and 0% had good level of
practice. After structured teaching
programme the post test practice score was
improved. The post test results have
enormous improvement in level of practice
about life style modifications. 20% of type 2
diabetic patients have moderate level of
practice, 80% had good level of practice and
0
Nursing Implications
Nursing practice
From this study nurse would be able to
understand the importance life style
modification among type 2 diabetic patients
and its importance of practice in life. Since
the nurses are the first source of knowledge
regarding type 2diabeties and importance
life style modification, the researcher has to
educate the importance of diet, exercise and
role of stress this will help the patients to
build knowledge regarding type 2diabetic
care.
Nursing Administration
Nursing administrator should take an
initiative in creating health policy making
and developing protocols in providing
education to the patients during they are in
the hospital and involve patients in the
promotions of their health. The nurse
administrator should plan for the budget and
utilize the resource for training of staff,
health education of patients and providing
regular education, training for inpatients of
type 2diabetes mellitus. The nursing
administrators should arrange continuing
education programme for nursing personnel
regarding type 2 diabetic life style
modifications.
Nursing Education
Nursing personnel’s should be given in-
service education to update their knowledge
on type 2 diabetic life style modification. So
that they would be able to impart
appropriate knowledge to type 2 diabetic
Indian Journal of Advanced Nursing ISSN online (2394-7160), ISSN print (2319-815X) Volume III, Issue
III, July- Sept 2017, Dr.K.Ramu, Hemalatha S, Effectiveness of Teaching Programme on Diabetic
Patients, p-7-9
patients. Nursing education should A follow – up study can be conducted to
emphasize on preparing prospective nurses evaluate the effectiveness of teaching and its
to impart health education by methods of practices.
educational technology. A Similar study can be conducted using
other strategies like booklets, pamphlets and
Nursing Research information guide sheets.
Research should be conducted on
preparation of better practices of nursing
care and development of good and effective
policies to provide quality care to the type
2diabetic patients regarding life style
modification. There is need to have research
based evidence to prove the cost effectives
on knowledge on type 2 diabetic patients
regarding life style modification.

Recommendations
A replication of present study can be
conducted with a large population.
A similar study can be replicated with a
randomization in selecting the participants.
A study can be done regarding knowledge
and practice of life style modifications
among of type 2diabetic patients.
 Indian Journal of Advanced Nursing ISSN online (2394-7160), ISSN print (2319-815X) Volume III, Issue
III, July- Sept 2017, Dr.K.Ramu, Hemalatha S, Effectiveness of Teaching Programme on Diabetic
Patients, p-7-9

Figure 1: Percentage of pre test and post test level of knowledge of diabetic patients regarding life
style modification.

Figure: 2. Percentage distributions of type2 diabetic patients regarding life style modification to their
level of practice in pre and post test.

REFERENCE
1. Brunner and Siddhartha’s. Text book of medical and surgical nursing.8th ed. Lippincott 2004
Raven publishers Pvt Ltd; 973-1025.
2. Life style modification. Available from http://www.live lifemore.com.
3. Baker H. Nutrition in the elderly: nutritional aspects of chronic diseases Geriatrics.2007;
62(9):p21-5.
4. Be Active When You Have Diet; As of September 22, 2014 Available
from, catalog@niddk.nih.gov.
5. Diabetes and Stress. Islets of Hope; Accessed January 8, 2009.
http://www.isletsofhope.com/diabetes/mental-health/stress_management_1.html.

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