Reviewer in English Different Types of Academic Text

Textbooks
Reading Academic Text
Academic Text
j is defined as critical, objective, specialized
texts written by experts or professionals in a
given field using formal language.
j Basically anything that is used in schools or
classrooms
j a book containing facts about a particular
subject that is used by the people studying
that subject.
Essays
j it expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the
writer about a particular problem or event.

Importance of Academic Text Research

1. They are organized in a specific way. j A critical study on a particular topic and the
2. They have a clear structure. analysis and the interpretation of the
3. Help students to improve critical thinking. research’s finding.
4. Tests the level of comprehension of students
Thesis/Dissertation
Characteristics of Academic Text
j An academic research paper that is used to
Formal obtain a master’s and doctoral degree.

j is characterized by the use of standard Case Study

English, more complex sentence structures,
j A descriptive and exploratory analysis of a
infrequent use of personal pronouns, and
person, group or event.
lack of colloquial or slang terms.
j means that conversational English should be Report
avoided.
j A document that presents information in an
Analytical organized format for a specific audience and
purposes.
j this can be done through asking questions
and examining and evaluating evidence.
j Writing with the use of analysis or logical
Reading in Various Academic Fields
reasoning.
Reading in Science
Objective
j Texts are usually scientific theories,
j Academic writing is based on research and
concepts, models and elements.
not on the writer’s opinion about a given
j Some texts may include scientific research,
topic.
reports, abstracts and journals.
j When you write objectively you are
j It is extensive in nature; thus you must have
concerned about facts and not influenced by
a good foundation of the general science
personal feelings or biases.
first.
Explicit j Comprehension of scientific text also often
require mathematical literacy.
j It means that there is a clear presentation of
ideas in the paper. Reading in History
j The text should have a well- organized
j Texts usually contains the important
structure and be easy for the reader to
historical information about a person, place,
follow.
or event.
 j Explanation of social, political, and
economic phenomena.
j It typically seeks corroboration across
multiple sources.
j One must rely on the distinction between
fact and interpretation.
Reading in Literature
j Texts are usually about stories written in
either prose or poetry.
j Some texts poses a wide array of vocabulary
words.
j Elements in the story are critical to fully
understand the narrative.
j Must know how to read between the lines.
Reading in Mathematics
j Texts are usually mathematical symbols,
formula, equations and numerical.
j Also includes graphs, charts, lines, angles
j Requires sharp logical and critical thinking
skills.
Structure of Academic Text
Essay
j A type of academic text that expresses the
viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a
particular problem or event.
Structure of Essay
1. Introduction
2. Body
3. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
j This is where the subject or topic is
introduced.
j You can quote a statement about a topic or
something related to the whole point of your
essay.
j This is where the thesis statement is located.
j Thesis Statement is the summary of the
writer’s overall point.
j Should be the shortest part of the essay
BODY
j Contains the evidence and supporting details
of the essay in addition to the author’s ideas.
j Should have a set of transition words or
sentences to create a good flow of the essay.
j Also includes sufficient examples, evidence,
data, and information that must be relevant
to the particular topic of the essay.
j Should be the longest part of the essay.
CONCLUSION
j Wraps up and summarizes the essay, as well
as the arguments, ideas, and points.
j Restate the main arguments in a simplified
and clear manner that must be understood by
the reader.
j Guarantee that the reader is left with
something to think about, especially the
main point of your essay.
IMRaD
j a shorter and simplified version of research
j Is a way of structuring a scientific article.
STRUCTURE OF AN IMRaD
1. Introduction
2. Methodology
3. Result
4. Discussion
INTRODUCTION
j states the research problem or the
question(s) you intend to address
through research
j Used to show the author’s knowledge
about his field of study and existing
research.
j Usually contains a summary of existing
research on the subject, a thesis
statement, hypothesis, or research
question, and relevant theories.
METHOD
j Shows that the author has arrived at his
results by applying valid and reliable
methods.
j This part accounts what the author did and
did not do.
 j in Traditional research, this section can be
found in Chapter 3.
RESULTS
j A relatively large part of the paper
j This section presents, organizes and
categorizes the findings
j The result is the essence of the paper.
j The introduction and methods build up
to the results by showing how the author
arrived at his results (method) and their
significance (Introduction)
DISCUSSION
j In this section, the author discusses the
results of his study/project
j This section determines the strong and
weak aspects of the paper
j The author makes recommendations to
be applied for future practice.
WRITING THESIS STATEMENT WITH
SUPPORTING EVIDENCES
THESIS STATEMENT
j It is a statement that summarizes your topic
and declares your position on it.
j It is the central idea (purpose) of a multiple-
paragraph composition.
j It is one sentence summary that guides,
controls and unifies ideas when writing.
HOW TO WRITE THESIS STATEMENT?
j Be as clear and as specific as possible; avoid
vague words.
TYPES OF THESIS STATEMENT
1. Positive Thesis Statement(Pro)
2. Negative Thesis Statement
(Anti/Against)
3. Neutral Thesis Statement (Both Positive
& Negative)
FORMULA
1. Topic/Issue + Your Stand = Thesis
Statement
2. Your Stand + Topic/Issue = Thesis
Statement
HOW TO SUPPORT THESIS STATEMENT
1. Cite an evidence to support your thesis statement.
A. Fact an objective information about the
topic
1. Laws
2. Figures/Statistics/Surveys/Researche
s
3. Group/People with Expertise
B. Opinion your subjective point of view about
the topic
1. Your thoughts
2. Rhetoric Questions a question
asked in order to create a dramatic
effect or to make a point rather than
to get an answer.
2. Relate why you chose the specific evidence to
support your thesis statement.
Writing a Reaction Paper
REACTION PAPER
j is a type of academic text that requires a
student to analyze information and give
comments on a certain text or media.
j it requires you to formulate analysis and
reaction to a given body of material such as
the following:
 a scholarly work (e.g., academic
books and articles)
 a work of art (e.g., performance art,
play, dance, sports, film, exhibits)
 designs (e.g., industrial designs,
furniture, fashion design)
 graphic designs (e.g., posters,
billboards, commercials, and digital
media)
j it is written in the first person and assumes
subjective point of view.
j Usually composed of 250 to 750 words.
j Reviewers do not simply rely on mere
opinions; rather, they use both proofs and
 logical reasoning to substantiate their j Sentence 1 – includes the details of the
comments. author/director, title, date published/
j also called a response paper where the premiered and origin of the story that you
student shares his feelings on a topic. are analyzing.
j it answers the question “how do I feel after j Sentence 2- 4 – write a short summary of the
reading or watching the story?” story.
- Usually 1 to 3 sentences are enough.
REFLECTION PAPER
j Sentence 5 – write your thesis statement.
j the student focuses on his insights or - Title + your General Reaction= Thesis
reflection rather than his feelings on the Statement.
topic.
BODY
j it answers the question “what did I learned
after reading or watching the story?” j the part of the paper where you will elaborate
your reactions.
PURPOSES OF REACTION PAPER
j Usually, it consists of three (3) major
1. To express oneself in an academic and emotions that you felt in the entire story. (3
paragraphs)
professional manner. j Sentence 1– a main statement about your
2. To research, organize information, then reaction in the story.
- It is about the reaction that you will
relay it to others in a logical, clearly and explain and elaborate in the whole
comprehensive manner paragraph.
j Succeeding Statements– write your evidences
3. To appreciate and learn various lessons that will support your reaction about the
that can be gained from the topic. story.
j EVIDENCES to support your reaction
CHARACTERISTICS OF A REACTION  Characters/cast
PAPER  Acting
1. It should be something you have read or seen.  Costume
 scenes
2. It must be organized.
 Dialogue
3. It must have a good flow of thoughts.  Plot/storytelling
 Setting
4. It should have citations and references.
 Point of view
5. Your opinions must be backed up with  Symbolism
supporting evidences.  Cinematography
6. Summarize what you are reacting at the  Visual effects
beginning of the paper.  Editing
 Soundtrack
7. Judge, evaluate, and analyze the issues that are  Sound effects
present. j Succeeding Paragraphs– state your other
PARTS OF A REACTION PAPER reactions and follow the format that you did.
j Every paragraph is a new idea. So the more
INTRODUCTION reactions you have, the more paragraphs you
j also known as the face of your paper can make.
j it includes all the basic details of the story CONCLUSION
 j wraps up your overall reaction to the story - the review is not tainted by the author’s personal
j Final thoughts regarding your overall biases and prejudices.
experience
CRITICAL
j Sentence 1– restate your thesis statement in a
simplified way. - the review is in-depth. Critical approaches to
j Succeeding Statement– write your personal writing a review are employed by the author.
similarities with the story.
o How can I relate myself with the COMPREHENSIVE
character, their struggles, or the - a good review analyzes all the elements of the
events that happen? genre to which the particular work belongs.
j Last Statement– on a scale of 1 – 10 how will
you rate the story TIMELY
o Would you recommend the story - the review is about a work that is relatively recent.
to others? Why or why not?
ORIGINAL
CRITIQUE PAPER
- The author provides his/her own inputs that are
j a category of academic writing that evaluates different from the other critiques.
and critically analyzes an artwork or
material. DECISIVE
j An essay that judges a certain material based - it decides or settles the quality of the material.
from a given standard.
j is usually written in response to work of arts: PARTS OF A CRITIQUE PAPER
o WORK OF ART (novels, exhibits, STRUCTURE CRITIQUE
film, images, poetry)
o RESEARCH (monographs, journal 1. Introduction
articles, systematic reviews, theories) 2. Body
o MEDIA (news reports, feature 3. Conclusion
articles and documentaries)
j sometimes called as “Evaluative paper” and STRUCTURE ARTWORKS:
“Review Paper” Criteria/Standards
j should emphasize the positive and negative
sides of the story. 1. Line
j it is written in the first person point of view. 2. Shape
3. Form
CHARACTERSTICS OF A GOOD CRITIQUE 4. Color
PAPER 5. Space
6. Texture
7. Value
7 CHARACTERSTICS
F.O.C.Co.T.O.D.
FAIR STRUCTURE LITERARY: Criteria/Standards
- the author does not unfairly compare the 1. Character
2. Setting
work with another work.
3. Plot
OBJECTIVE 4. POV
5. Conflict
 6. Themes - Write the evidences that will support
7. Symbolism your judgement.
j Succeeding Paragraphs
STRUCTURE FILM: Criteria/Standards
- Follow the same format that you did
1. Characters/cast - state your other judgements on the other
2. Acting aspects
3. Costume
CONCLUSION
4. scenes
5. Dialogue j the part of the paper where you will wrap
6. Plot/storytelling up your overall judgement to the material.
7. Setting j Sentence 1
8. Point of view - restate your thesis statement in a
9. Symbolism simplified way.
10. Cinematography j Sentence 2
11. Visual effects - write your realizations from the
12. Editing material.
13. Soundtrack - What did I learn from the subject?
14. Sound effects j Succeeding Sentences
- write your rating (on a scale
STRUCTURE ARTICLE: Criteria/Standards
of 1-10) and recommendation
1. Awareness (is it worth your time?).
2. Informative
3. Concise
4. Accurate
5. Logical
OUTLINE:
6. Purpose
1. INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
j Thesis Statement- Insert your Thesis
j it includes all the background or the basic Statement here.
details of the subject 2. BODY
j Sentence 1 j 1st Paragraph (Criteria/Aspect that you want
- contains the details of material that to critic) - Insert you sentence here.
you will be critiquing. j Evidences
j Sentence 2 – 4 o Pros
- Write the summary of the material in o Pros
your own words. o Cons
j Sentence 5 3. CONCLUSION
- this should be your thesis statement j Simplified Thesis Statement
- Title of the subject + your general j Realizations
judgement =thesis statement j Rating and Recommendations
BODY
j the part of the paper where you will
elaborate your judgments or critique.
j Sentence 1
- a statement about your judgement on
a specific aspect of the material.
j Succeeding Sentences