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  • Table 6-2. Medically Important Members of The Normal Flora.: Location Important Organisms Less Important Organisms

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    The document outlines the mechanisms of action of important antibacterial and antifungal drugs, grouping them into categories such as inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, alteration of cell membrane function, and other mechanisms of action. Specific drugs are listed under each category, along with whether they have antibacterial or antifungal activity. Key drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis include penicillins, cephalosporins, and vancomycin, while those that inhibit protein synthesis include chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracyclines.

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    Table 6

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    The document outlines the mechanisms of action of important antibacterial and antifungal drugs, grouping them into categories such as inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, alteration of cell membrane function, and other mechanisms of action. Specific drugs are listed under each category, along with whether they have antibacterial or antifungal activity. Key drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis include penicillins, cephalosporins, and vancomycin, while those that inhibit protein synthesis include chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracyclines.

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    14 просмотров3 страницы

    Table 6-2. Medically Important Members of The Normal Flora.: Location Important Organisms Less Important Organisms

    Загружено:

    xeledra
    The document outlines the mechanisms of action of important antibacterial and antifungal drugs, grouping them into categories such as inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, alteration of cell membrane function, and other mechanisms of action. Specific drugs are listed under each category, along with whether they have antibacterial or antifungal activity. Key drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis include penicillins, cephalosporins, and vancomycin, while those that inhibit protein synthesis include chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracyclines.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Скачайте в формате DOCX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
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    из 3

    Table 6–2. Medically Important Members of the Normal Flora.

    Location Important Organisms1 Less Important Organisms2


    Skin Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium (diphtheroids),
    various streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
    anaerobes (e.g., Propionibacterium), yeasts (e.g., Candida
    albicans)

    Nose Staphylococcus aureus3 S. epidermidis, Corynebacterium (diphtheroids), various


    streptococci

    Mouth Viridans streptococci Various streptococci, Eikenella corrodens

    Dental Streptococcus mutans Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis


    plaque

    Gingival Various anaerobes, e.g.,  


    crevices Bacteroides, Fusobacterium,
    streptococci, Actinomyces

    Throat Viridans streptococci Various streptococci (including Streptococcus pyogenes


    and Streptococcus pneumoniae), Neisseria species,
    Haemophilus influenzae, S. epidermidis

    Colon Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium,


    coli Lactobacillus, various aerobic gram-negative rods,
    Enterococcus faecalis and other streptococci, Clostridium

    Vagina Lactobacillus, E. coli,3 group B Various streptococci, various gram-negative rods. B.


    streptococci3 fragilis, Corynebacterium (diphtheroids), C. albicans

    Urethra   S. epidermidis, Corynebacterium (diphtheroids), various


    streptococci, various gram-negative rods, e.g., E. coli3
     Chemotherapeutic agent – Chemical used to treat disease

     Antimicrobial agent – Chemical that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms

     Antibiotic – Chemical produced by a microorganism that kills or inhibits the growth of another
    microorganism
    Table 10–1. Mechanism of Action of Important Antibacterial and Antifungal Drugs.

    Mechanism of Action Drugs


    Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
      1. Antibacterial activity
         Inhibition of cross-linking (transpeptidation) of Penicillins, cephalosporins, imipenem, aztreonam,
    peptidoglycan vancomycin
         Inhibition of other steps in peptidoglycan Cycloserine, bacitracin
    synthesis
      2. Antifungal activity
    Caspofungin

         Inhibition of -glucan synthesis

    Inhibition of protein synthesis


      Action on 50S ribosomal subunit Chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin,
    linezolid
      Action on 30S ribosomal subunit Tetracyclines and aminoglycosides

    Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis


      Inhibition of nucleotide synthesis Sulfonamides, trimethoprim
      Inhibition of DNA synthesis Quinolones
      Inhibition of mRNA synthesis Rifampin

    Alteration of cell membrane function


      Antibacterial activity Polymyxin, daptomycin
      Antifungal activity Amphotericin B, nystatin, ketoconazole

    Other mechanisms of action


      1. Antibacterial activity Isoniazid, metronidazole, ethambutol, pyrazinamide
      2. Antifungal activity Griseofulvin, pentamidine

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