IP ROUTE Case Study - BGP

Instructor: Krzysztof Kaczor

Author: Piotr Mossakowski
Szczecin, www.uczelnia.it
Contents:
1) Topology .............................................................................................................................................................. 3
2) Configuration R1 .................................................................................................................................................. 3
3) Configuration R2 ................................................................................................................................................ 15
4) Configuration R3 ................................................................................................................................................ 24
5) Configuration R4 ................................................................................................................................................ 35

2
1) Topology

Figure 1 - Topology BGP Case Study

2) Configuration R1

R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

3
Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.14.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.14.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/20 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 172.16.0.0 [20/0] via 192.168.14.2, 00:01:38
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
D 10.3.3.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.103.3, 00:31:32, Serial0/1
D 10.2.2.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.102.2, 00:31:32, Serial0/0
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback1
D 10.20.0.0/22 [90/20640000] via 10.1.102.2, 00:31:32, Serial0/0
C 10.1.103.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/1
C 10.1.102.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/0
D 10.1.203.0/29 [90/21024000] via 10.1.102.2, 00:31:32, Serial0/0
[90/21024000] via 10.1.103.3, 00:31:32, Serial0/1
192.168.34.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 192.168.34.0 [90/21024000] via 10.1.103.3, 00:31:32, Serial0/1

R1#show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 10.1.102.1 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/1 10.1.103.1 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.14.1 YES NVRAM up up
Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up
Loopback1 10.1.1.1 YES NVRAM up up

R1#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 65001"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 65001
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.1.1.0/24
10.1.102.0/29
10.1.103.0/29
192.16.14.0/30
192.168.14.0/30
Passive Interface(s):
FastEthernet1/0
4
 Loopback1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.1.103.3 90 00:02:35
10.1.102.2 90 00:02:36
Distance: internal 90 external 170

Routing Protocol is "bgp 65001"

Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
IGP synchronization is disabled
Automatic route summarization is disabled
Neighbor(s):
Address FiltIn FiltOut DistIn DistOut Weight RouteMap
10.2.2.2
10.3.3.3
192.168.14.2 out4allnetworks
Maximum path: 1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 200 00:01:45
10.3.3.3 200 00:01:51
192.168.14.2 20 00:01:57
Distance: external 20 internal 200 local 200

R1#sh ip bgp neighbors

BGP neighbor is 10.2.2.2, remote AS 65001, internal link
BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.20.3.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:03:14
Last read 00:00:14, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 4 4
Keepalives: 37 37
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 43 43
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 9, neighbor version 9
Index 1, Offset 0, Mask 0x2
5
 Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 2 2 (Consumes 96 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 2 2
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 0 0
Used as bestpath: n/a 2
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
Bestpath from this peer: 2 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 1 n/a
Total: 3 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:03:41, due to User reset
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.1.1.1, Local port: 11002
Foreign host: 10.2.2.2, Foreign port: 179

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x1E75B0):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 9 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 6 4 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 448428985 snduna: 448429259 sndnxt: 448429259 sndwnd: 16111

irs: 3640627385 rcvnxt: 3640627655 rcvwnd: 16115 delrcvwnd: 269

SRTT: 210 ms, RTTO: 904 ms, RTV: 694 ms, KRTT: 0 ms
minRTT: 16 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: higher precedence, nagle, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):

Rcvd: 10 (out of order: 0), with data: 6, total data bytes: 269
Sent: 14 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 8, total data bytes: 273

BGP neighbor is 10.3.3.3, remote AS 65001, internal link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.3.3.3
BGP state = Established, up for 00:03:14
6
 Last read 00:00:13, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 3 3
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 6 5
Keepalives: 40 40
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 49 48
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 9, neighbor version 9
Index 2, Offset 0, Mask 0x4
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 2 1 (Consumes 48 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 2 2
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 0 1
Used as bestpath: n/a 1
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
Bestpath from this peer: 1 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 2 n/a
Total: 3 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 3; dropped 2

Last reset 00:03:42, due to User reset
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.1.1.1, Local port: 11003
Foreign host: 10.3.3.3, Foreign port: 179

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x1E788C):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 9 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 7 1 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
7
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 1806525725 snduna: 1806525999 sndnxt: 1806525999 sndwnd: 16111

irs: 771655261 rcvnxt: 771655562 rcvwnd: 16084 delrcvwnd: 300

SRTT: 210 ms, RTTO: 904 ms, RTV: 694 ms, KRTT: 0 ms
minRTT: 28 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: higher precedence, nagle, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):

Rcvd: 13 (out of order: 0), with data: 7, total data bytes: 300
Sent: 11 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 8, total data bytes: 273

BGP neighbor is 192.168.14.2, remote AS 65002, external link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 172.16.12.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:03:07
Last read 00:00:07, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 8 4
Keepalives: 37 37
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 47 43
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 9, neighbor version 9
Index 3, Offset 0, Mask 0x8
Inbound path policy configured
Outbound path policy configured
Route map for incoming advertisements is out4allnetworks
Route map for outgoing advertisements is med_65002
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 4 1 (Consumes 48 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 4 1
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 0 0
Used as bestpath: n/a 1
8
 Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
AS_PATH loop: n/a 3
Bestpath from this peer: 1 n/a
Total: 1 3
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 2, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:03:43, due to User reset
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 192.168.14.1, Local port: 11004
Foreign host: 192.168.14.2, Foreign port: 179

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x1E7B40):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 9 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 7 4 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 3563897439 snduna: 3563897759 sndnxt: 3563897759 sndwnd: 16065

irs: 794788675 rcvnxt: 794788977 rcvwnd: 16083 delrcvwnd: 301

SRTT: 210 ms, RTTO: 904 ms, RTV: 694 ms, KRTT: 0 ms
minRTT: 20 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: higher precedence, nagle, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 1440 bytes):

Rcvd: 10 (out of order: 0), with data: 7, total data bytes: 301
Sent: 14 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 8, total data bytes: 319

R1# sh ip bgp summary

BGP router identifier 10.1.1.1, local AS number 65001
BGP table version is 9, main routing table version 9
5 network entries using 505 bytes of memory
5 path entries using 240 bytes of memory
5 BGP path attribute entries using 300 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1069 total bytes of memory
9
BGP activity 11/6 prefixes, 12/7 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

10.2.2.2 4 65001 44 44 9 0 0 00:04:19 2
10.3.3.3 4 65001 49 50 9 0 0 00:04:17 1
192.168.14.2 4 65002 44 48 9 0 0 00:04:09 1

R1#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 12, local router ID is 10.1.1.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 10.1.1.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
r>i10.2.2.0/24 10.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
r>i10.3.3.0/24 10.3.3.3 0 100 0 i
r>i10.20.0.0/22 10.2.2.2 128256 100 0 i
*> 172.16.0.0/20 192.168.14.2 0 200 0 65002 i

R1#sh run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2348 bytes

!
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
!
logging queue-limit 100
!
username mossapio privilege 15 secret 5 $1$F70d$7jswMoThmMPYvVEFC/BQy1
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name cisco.com
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
10
!
!
!
!
no voice hpi capture buffer
no voice hpi capture destination
!
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0
description R1->R2
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.102.1 255.255.255.248
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/1
description R1->R3
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.103.1 255.255.255.248
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface Serial0/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
description R1->R4
ip address 192.168.14.1 255.255.255.252
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router eigrp 65001
passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
passive-interface Loopback1
11
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.1.102.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.1.103.0 0.0.0.7
network 192.16.14.0 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
!
router bgp 65001
no synchronization
bgp log-neighbor-changes
network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
neighbor 10.2.2.2 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.2.2.2 update-source Loopback1
neighbor 10.2.2.2 password cisco
neighbor 10.3.3.3 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.3.3.3 update-source Loopback1
neighbor 10.3.3.3 password cisco
neighbor 192.168.14.2 remote-as 65002
neighbor 192.168.14.2 route-map out4allnetworks in
neighbor 192.168.14.2 route-map med_65002 out
neighbor 192.168.14.2 password cisco
no auto-summary
!
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip classless
!
!
!
access-list 10 permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.15.255
!
route-map med_65002 permit 10
set metric 0
!
route-map out4allnetworks permit 10
match ip address 10
set local-preference 200
!
route-map out4allnetworks permit 20
!
call rsvp-sync
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
!
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
12
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
line vty 5 15
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
!
!
end

R1#tclsh
R1(tcl)#foreach address {

+>(tcl)#10.2.2.2
+>(tcl)#10.20.1.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.2.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.3.1
+>(tcl)#10.3.3.3
+>(tcl)#172.16.0.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.4.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.8.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.12.1
+>(tcl)#
+>(tcl)#} { ping $address source 10.1.1.1 }

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/17/24 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/40 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
13
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/15/28 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/17/36 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/15/32 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/48 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.4.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/32/48 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/27/44 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.1.1.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/29/60 ms

R1#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.4.1
Source address: 10.1.1.1

Tracing the route to 172.16.4.1

1 192.168.14.2 36 msec

R1(config)#int fastEthernet 1/0

R1(config-if)#shut
R1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:39:44.927: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 192.168.14.2 Down Interface flap
*Mar 1 00:39:46.911: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:39:47.911: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to down
14
R4#
*Mar 1 00:42:11.223: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 192.168.14.1 Down BGP Notification sent
R4#
*Mar 1 00:42:11.223: %BGP-3-NOTIFICATION: sent to neighbor 192.168.14.1 4/0 (hold time expired) 0 bytes

R1#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.12.1
Source address: 10.1.1.1
Tracing the route to 172.16.12.1

1 10.1.103.3 36 msec
2 192.168.34.2 68 msec

3) Configuration R2
R2#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 10.1.102.2 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/1 10.1.203.2 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up
Loopback2 10.2.2.2 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback200 10.20.0.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback201 10.20.1.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback202 10.20.2.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback203 10.20.3.1 YES NVRAM up up

R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.14.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 192.168.14.0 [90/20514560] via 10.1.102.1, 00:06:02, Serial0/0
172.16.0.0/20 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 172.16.0.0 [200/0] via 192.168.14.2, 00:05:19
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 3 masks
D 10.3.3.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.203.3, 00:06:02, Serial0/1
C 10.2.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback2
D 10.1.1.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.102.1, 00:06:02, Serial0/0

15
C 10.20.2.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback202
C 10.20.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback203
C 10.20.0.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback200
D 10.20.0.0/22 is a summary, 00:06:03, Null0
C 10.20.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback201
D 10.1.103.0/29 [90/21024000] via 10.1.203.3, 00:06:03, Serial0/1
[90/21024000] via 10.1.102.1, 00:06:03, Serial0/0
C 10.1.102.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 10.1.203.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/1
192.168.34.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 192.168.34.0 [90/21024000] via 10.1.203.3, 00:06:03, Serial0/1

R2#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 65001"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 65001
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Address Summarization:
10.20.0.0/22 for Serial0/0, Serial0/1
Summarizing with metric 128256
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.1.102.0/29
10.1.203.0/29
10.2.2.0/24
10.20.0.0/22
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback2
Loopback200
Passive Interface(s):
Loopback201
Loopback202
Loopback203
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
(this router) 90 00:06:29
10.1.102.1 90 00:06:28
10.1.203.3 90 00:06:28
Distance: internal 90 external 170

Routing Protocol is "bgp 65001"

Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
16
 Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
IGP synchronization is disabled
Automatic route summarization is disabled
Neighbor(s):
Address FiltIn FiltOut DistIn DistOut Weight RouteMap
10.1.1.1
10.3.3.3
Maximum path: 1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.3.3.3 200 00:05:44
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.1.1.1 200 00:05:41
Distance: external 20 internal 200 local 200

R2#sh ip bgp neighbors

BGP neighbor is 10.1.1.1, remote AS 65001, internal link
BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:18:40
Last read 00:00:40, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 4 6
Keepalives: 52 52
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 58 60
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 20, neighbor version 20
Index 1, Offset 0, Mask 0x2
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 2 2 (Consumes 96 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 2 3
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 0 1
Used as bestpath: n/a 2
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
17
 Bestpath from this peer: 3 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 3 n/a
Total: 6 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:19:06, due to Peer closed the session
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.2.2.2, Local port: 179
Foreign host: 10.1.1.1, Foreign port: 11002

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x2C93CC):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 22 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 25 18 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 3640627385 snduna: 3640627940 sndnxt: 3640627940 sndwnd: 16346

irs: 448428985 rcvnxt: 448429630 rcvwnd: 16268 delrcvwnd: 116

SRTT: 284 ms, RTTO: 413 ms, RTV: 129 ms, KRTT: 0 ms
minRTT: 16 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: passive open, nagle, gen tcbs, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):

Rcvd: 33 (out of order: 0), with data: 25, total data bytes: 644
Sent: 41 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 21, total data bytes: 554

BGP neighbor is 10.3.3.3, remote AS 65001, internal link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.3.3.3
BGP state = Established, up for 00:26:34
Last read 00:00:34, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 4 6
18
 Keepalives: 53 53
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 59 61
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 20, neighbor version 20
Index 2, Offset 0, Mask 0x4
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 2 1 (Consumes 48 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 2 3
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 0 2
Used as bestpath: n/a 1
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
Bestpath from this peer: 3 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 5 n/a
Total: 8 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:26:59, due to Peer closed the session
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.2.2.2, Local port: 179
Foreign host: 10.3.3.3, Foreign port: 11003

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x2C96C4):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 30 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 35 29 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 3033571669 snduna: 3033572376 sndnxt: 3033572376 sndwnd: 16194

irs: 1891300035 rcvnxt: 1891300859 rcvwnd: 16089 delrcvwnd: 295

SRTT: 294 ms, RTTO: 339 ms, RTV: 45 ms, KRTT: 0 ms

minRTT: 4 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: passive open, nagle, gen tcbs, md5
19
Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):
Rcvd: 42 (out of order: 0), with data: 35, total data bytes: 823
Sent: 60 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 29, total data bytes: 706

R2#show ip bgp
BGP table version is 9, local router ID is 10.20.3.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

r>i10.1.1.0/24 10.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
*> 10.2.2.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
r>i10.3.3.0/24 10.3.3.3 0 100 0 i
*> 10.20.0.0/22 0.0.0.0 128256 32768 i
*>i172.16.0.0/20 192.168.14.2 0 200 0 65002 i

R2#sh run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2298 bytes

!
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R2
!
logging queue-limit 100
!
username mossapio privilege 15 secret 5 $1$RbHI$dLlsl1ZAgpELJqu8SwGi80
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name cisco.com
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
20
!
!
no voice hpi capture buffer
no voice hpi capture destination
!
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback2
ip address 10.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback200
ip address 10.20.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback201
ip address 10.20.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback202
ip address 10.20.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback203
ip address 10.20.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0
description R2->R1
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.102.2 255.255.255.248
ip summary-address eigrp 65001 10.20.0.0 255.255.252.0 5
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/1
description R2->R3
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.203.2 255.255.255.248
ip summary-address eigrp 65001 10.20.0.0 255.255.252.0 5
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface Serial0/3
no ip address
21
 shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
router eigrp 65001
passive-interface Loopback2
passive-interface Loopback200
passive-interface Loopback201
passive-interface Loopback202
passive-interface Loopback203
network 10.1.102.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.1.203.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255
network 10.20.0.0 0.0.3.255
no auto-summary
!
router bgp 65001
no synchronization
bgp log-neighbor-changes
network 10.2.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0
network 10.20.0.0 mask 255.255.252.0
neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.1.1.1 update-source Loopback2
neighbor 10.1.1.1 password cisco
neighbor 10.3.3.3 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.3.3.3 update-source Loopback2
neighbor 10.3.3.3 password cisco
no auto-summary
!
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip classless
!
!
!
!
call rsvp-sync
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
!
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
22
 exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
line vty 5 15
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
!
!
end

R2#tclsh
R2(tcl)#foreach address {

+>(tcl)#10.1.1.1
+>(tcl)#10.3.3.3
+>(tcl)#172.16.0.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.4.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.8.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.12.1
+>(tcl)#
+>(tcl)#} { ping $address source 10.20.0.1 }

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/29/48 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/37/52 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 40/56/64 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.4.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/37/80 ms
23
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/51/92 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.20.0.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/80/116 ms

R2#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.12.1
Source address: 10.20.0.1
Tracing the route to 172.16.12.1

1 10.1.102.1 20 msec
2 192.168.14.2 60 msec

R1(config)#int fastEthernet 1/0

R1(config-if)#shut
*Mar 1 00:51:38.307: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 192.168.14.2 Down Interface flap
*Mar 1 00:51:40.291: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:51:41.291: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to down
R4#
*Mar 1 00:54:09.227: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 192.168.14.1 Down BGP Notification sent
R4#
*Mar 1 00:54:09.227: %BGP-3-NOTIFICATION: sent to neighbor 192.168.14.1 4/0 (hold time expired) 0 bytes
R2#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.12.1
Source address: 10.20.3.1
Tracing the route to 172.16.12.1

1 10.1.203.3 44 msec
2 192.168.34.2 56 msec

4) Configuration R3
R3#show ip interface brief
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 10.1.103.3 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/1 10.1.203.3 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/2 192.168.34.1 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up
Loopback3 10.3.3.3 YES NVRAM up up

24
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.14.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

D 192.168.14.0 [90/20514560] via 10.1.103.1, 00:08:48, Serial0/0
172.16.0.0/20 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 172.16.0.0 [200/0] via 192.168.14.2, 00:08:04
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks
C 10.3.3.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback3
D 10.2.2.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.203.2, 00:08:48, Serial0/1
D 10.1.1.0/24 [90/20640000] via 10.1.103.1, 00:08:48, Serial0/0
D 10.20.0.0/22 [90/20640000] via 10.1.203.2, 00:08:48, Serial0/1
C 10.1.103.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/0
D 10.1.102.0/29 [90/21024000] via 10.1.203.2, 00:08:48, Serial0/1
[90/21024000] via 10.1.103.1, 00:08:48, Serial0/0
C 10.1.203.0/29 is directly connected, Serial0/1
192.168.34.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.34.0 is directly connected, Serial0/2

R3#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 65001"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 65001
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.1.103.0/29
10.1.203.0/29
10.3.3.0/24
192.168.34.0/30
Passive Interface(s):
Serial0/2
Loopback3
Routing Information Sources:
25
 Gateway Distance Last Update
10.1.103.1 90 00:08:51
10.1.203.2 90 00:08:51
Distance: internal 90 external 170

Routing Protocol is "bgp 65001"

Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
IGP synchronization is disabled
Automatic route summarization is disabled
Neighbor(s):
Address FiltIn FiltOut DistIn DistOut Weight RouteMap
10.1.1.1
10.2.2.2
192.168.34.2
Maximum path: 1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.2.2.2 200 00:08:03
10.1.1.1 200 00:08:02
192.168.34.2 20 00:08:13
Distance: external 20 internal 200 local 200

R3#sh ip bgp nei

BGP neighbor is 10.1.1.1, remote AS 65001, internal link
BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:28:17
Last read 00:00:17, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 3 3
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 9 10
Keepalives: 65 65
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 77 78
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 18, neighbor version 18
Index 1, Offset 0, Mask 0x2
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 1 2 (Consumes 96 bytes)
26
 Prefixes Total: 4 4
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 3 2
Used as bestpath: n/a 2
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
Bestpath from this peer: 4 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 2 n/a
Total: 6 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 3; dropped 2

Last reset 00:28:45, due to Peer closed the session
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.3.3.3, Local port: 179
Foreign host: 10.1.1.1, Foreign port: 11003

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x356804):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 37 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 37 6 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 771655261 snduna: 771656209 sndnxt: 771656209 sndwnd: 15967

irs: 1806525725 rcvnxt: 1806526646 rcvwnd: 15992 delrcvwnd: 392

SRTT: 298 ms, RTTO: 315 ms, RTV: 17 ms, KRTT: 0 ms

minRTT: 16 ms, maxRTT: 316 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: passive open, nagle, gen tcbs, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):

Rcvd: 68 (out of order: 0), with data: 37, total data bytes: 920
Sent: 44 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 36, total data bytes: 947

BGP neighbor is 10.2.2.2, remote AS 65001, internal link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.20.3.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:36:13
Last read 00:00:13, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
27
 Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 8 4
Keepalives: 63 63
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 73 69
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 5 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 18, neighbor version 18
Index 2, Offset 0, Mask 0x4
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 1 2 (Consumes 96 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 4 2
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 3 0
Used as bestpath: n/a 2
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
Bestpath from this peer: 2 n/a
Bestpath from iBGP peer: 6 n/a
Total: 8 0
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 1, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:36:40, due to User reset
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 10.3.3.3, Local port: 11003
Foreign host: 10.2.2.2, Foreign port: 179

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x356BF8):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 49 1 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 39 4 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
28
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 1891300035 snduna: 1891301135 sndnxt: 1891301135 sndwnd: 16346

irs: 3033571669 rcvnxt: 3033572566 rcvwnd: 16004 delrcvwnd: 380

SRTT: 300 ms, RTTO: 307 ms, RTV: 7 ms, KRTT: 0 ms

minRTT: 12 ms, maxRTT: 304 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: higher precedence, nagle, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 516 bytes):

Rcvd: 82 (out of order: 0), with data: 39, total data bytes: 896
Sent: 54 (retransmit: 1, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 47, total data bytes: 1099

BGP neighbor is 192.168.34.2, remote AS 65002, external link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 172.16.12.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:36:01
Last read 00:00:00, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 16 16
Keepalives: 62 62
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 80 80
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 18, neighbor version 18
Index 3, Offset 0, Mask 0x8
Outbound path policy configured
Route map for outgoing advertisements is med_65002
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 5 1 (Consumes 48 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 9 1
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 4 0
Used as bestpath: n/a 0
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
AS_PATH loop: n/a 16
29
 Bestpath from this peer: 3 n/a
Total: 3 16
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 2, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:36:42, due to User reset
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 192.168.34.1, Local port: 11004
Foreign host: 192.168.34.2, Foreign port: 179

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x357278):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 48 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 48 16 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 2564409837 snduna: 2564411137 sndnxt: 2564411137 sndwnd: 15085

irs: 4036617143 rcvnxt: 4036618507 rcvwnd: 15021 delrcvwnd: 1363

SRTT: 300 ms, RTTO: 307 ms, RTV: 7 ms, KRTT: 0 ms

minRTT: 12 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: higher precedence, nagle, md5
Datagrams (max data segment is 1440 bytes):
Rcvd: 86 (out of order: 0), with data: 48, total data bytes: 1363
Sent: 65 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 47, total data bytes: 1299

R3#sh ip bgp summary

BGP router identifier 10.3.3.3, local AS number 65001
BGP table version is 18, main routing table version 18
5 network entries using 505 bytes of memory
6 path entries using 288 bytes of memory
5 BGP path attribute entries using 300 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1117 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 11/6 prefixes, 16/10 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

10.1.1.1 4 65001 84 83 18 0 0 00:34:48 2
10.2.2.2 4 65001 75 79 18 0 0 00:42:43 2
192.168.34.2 4 65002 86 86 18 0 0 00:42:28 1
30
R3#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 18, local router ID is 10.3.3.3
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

r>i10.1.1.0/24 10.1.1.1 0 100 0 i
r>i10.2.2.0/24 10.2.2.2 0 100 0 i
*> 10.3.3.0/24 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i
r>i10.20.0.0/22 10.2.2.2 128256 100 0 i
*>i172.16.0.0/20 192.168.14.2 0 200 0 65002 i
* 192.168.34.2 0 0 65002 i

R3#sh run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2051 bytes

!
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R3
!
logging queue-limit 100
!
username mossapio privilege 15 secret 5 $1$tFU4$Np.tmbJmvdPYOJA6gDmL40
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name cisco.com
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no voice hpi capture buffer
31
no voice hpi capture destination
!
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback3
ip address 10.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0/0
description R3->R1
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.103.3 255.255.255.248
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/1
description R3->R2
bandwidth 128
ip address 10.1.203.3 255.255.255.248
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/2
description R3->R4
bandwidth 128
ip address 192.168.34.1 255.255.255.252
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
router eigrp 65001
passive-interface Serial0/2
passive-interface Loopback3
network 10.1.103.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.1.203.0 0.0.0.7
network 10.3.3.0 0.0.0.255
network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
!
router bgp 65001
no synchronization
bgp log-neighbor-changes
32
 network 10.3.3.0 mask 255.255.255.0
neighbor 10.1.1.1 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.1.1.1 update-source Loopback3
neighbor 10.1.1.1 password cisco
neighbor 10.2.2.2 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.2.2.2 update-source Loopback3
neighbor 10.2.2.2 password cisco
neighbor 192.168.34.2 remote-as 65002
neighbor 192.168.34.2 route-map med_65002 out
neighbor 192.168.34.2 password cisco
no auto-summary
!
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip classless
!
!
!
!
route-map med_65002 permit 10
set metric 100
!
call rsvp-sync
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
!
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
line vty 5 15
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
33
!
!
end

R3# tclsh
R3(tcl)#foreach address {

+>(tcl)#10.2.2.2
+>(tcl)#10.20.1.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.2.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.3.1
+>(tcl)#10.1.1.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.0.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.4.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.8.1
+>(tcl)#172.16.12.1
+>(tcl)#
+>(tcl)#} { ping $address source 10.3.3.3 }

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/25/52 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/21/36 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/18/28 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/23/44 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/24/44 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/32/56 ms
34
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.4.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/35/72 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/48/88 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.12.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 10.3.3.3
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/30/40 ms

R3#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 172.16.8.1
Source address: 10.3.3.3
Tracing the route to 172.16.8.1

1 10.1.103.1 48 msec
2 192.168.14.2 76 msec

5) Configuration R4
R4#sh ip int br
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 192.168.34.2 YES NVRAM up up
Serial0/1 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/2 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
Serial0/3 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.14.2 YES NVRAM up up
Virtual-Access1 unassigned YES unset up up
Loopback0 172.16.0.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback4 172.16.4.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback8 172.16.8.1 YES NVRAM up up
Loopback12 172.16.12.1 YES NVRAM up up

R4#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route

35
Gateway of last resort is not set

192.168.14.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C 192.168.14.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.12.0/22 is directly connected, Loopback12
C 172.16.8.0/22 is directly connected, Loopback8
C 172.16.4.0/22 is directly connected, Loopback4
C 172.16.0.0/22 is directly connected, Loopback0
S 172.16.0.0/20 is directly connected, Null0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
B 10.3.3.0/24 [20/0] via 192.168.14.1, 00:04:00
B 10.2.2.0/24 [20/0] via 192.168.14.1, 00:04:00
B 10.1.1.0/24 [20/0] via 192.168.14.1, 00:04:00
B 10.20.0.0/22 [20/0] via 192.168.14.1, 00:04:00
192.168.34.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.34.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0

R4#show ip protocols
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 65002"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: eigrp 65002
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
172.16.0.0/20
192.168.14.0/30
192.168.34.0/30
Passive Interface(s):
Serial0/0
FastEthernet1/0
Loopback0
Loopback4
Loopback8
Loopback12
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
Distance: internal 90 external 170

Routing Protocol is "bgp 65002"

Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
36
 IGP synchronization is disabled
Automatic route summarization is disabled
Neighbor(s):
Address FiltIn FiltOut DistIn DistOut Weight RouteMap
192.168.14.1
192.168.34.1
Maximum path: 1
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
192.168.34.1 20 00:10:04
192.168.14.1 20 00:09:55
Distance: external 20 internal 200 local 200

R4#sh ip bgp nei

BGP neighbor is 192.168.14.1, remote AS 65001, external link
BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.1.1.1
BGP state = Established, up for 00:04:25
Last read 00:00:25, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 4 4
Notifications: 2 0
Updates: 10 18
Keepalives: 64 58
Route Refresh: 0 0
Total: 80 80
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 35, neighbor version 35
Index 1, Offset 0, Mask 0x2
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 1 4 (Consumes 192 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 5 4
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 4 0
Used as bestpath: n/a 4
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
AS_PATH loop: n/a 1
Bestpath from this peer: 4 n/a
37
 Total: 4 1
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 4, min 0

Connections established 4; dropped 3

Last reset 00:07:14, due to BGP Notification sent, hold time expired
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 192.168.14.2, Local port: 179
Foreign host: 192.168.14.1, Foreign port: 11006

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x383790):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 9 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 9 6 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 896737763 snduna: 896738092 sndnxt: 896738092 sndwnd: 16056

irs: 934548238 rcvnxt: 934548658 rcvwnd: 15965 delrcvwnd: 419

SRTT: 210 ms, RTTO: 904 ms, RTV: 694 ms, KRTT: 0 ms
minRTT: 16 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: passive open, nagle, gen tcbs, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 1440 bytes):

Rcvd: 11 (out of order: 0), with data: 9, total data bytes: 419
Sent: 15 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 8, total data bytes: 328

BGP neighbor is 192.168.34.1, remote AS 65001, external link

BGP version 4, remote router ID 10.3.3.3
BGP state = Established, up for 00:39:02
Last read 00:00:02, hold time is 180, keepalive interval is 60 seconds
Neighbor capabilities:
Route refresh: advertised and received(old & new)
Address family IPv4 Unicast: advertised and received
Message statistics:
InQ depth is 0
OutQ depth is 0
Sent Rcvd
Opens: 2 2
Notifications: 0 0
Updates: 16 16
Keepalives: 65 65
Route Refresh: 0 0
38
 Total: 83 83
Default minimum time between advertisement runs is 30 seconds

For address family: IPv4 Unicast

BGP table version 35, neighbor version 35
Index 2, Offset 0, Mask 0x4
Sent Rcvd
Prefix activity: ---- ----
Prefixes Current: 5 4 (Consumes 192 bytes)
Prefixes Total: 17 5
Implicit Withdraw: 0 0
Explicit Withdraw: 12 1
Used as bestpath: n/a 0
Used as multipath: n/a 0

Outbound Inbound
Local Policy Denied Prefixes: -------- -------
AS_PATH loop: n/a 4
Bestpath from this peer: 12 n/a
Total: 12 4
Number of NLRIs in the update sent: max 4, min 0

Connections established 2; dropped 1

Last reset 00:39:42, due to Peer closed the session
Connection state is ESTAB, I/O status: 1, unread input bytes: 0
Local host: 192.168.34.2, Local port: 179
Foreign host: 192.168.34.1, Foreign port: 11004

Enqueued packets for retransmit: 0, input: 0 mis-ordered: 0 (0 bytes)

Event Timers (current time is 0x383988):

Timer Starts Wakeups Next
Retrans 52 0 0x0
TimeWait 0 0 0x0
AckHold 50 40 0x0
SendWnd 0 0 0x0
KeepAlive 0 0 0x0
GiveUp 0 0 0x0
PmtuAger 0 0 0x0
DeadWait 0 0 0x0

iss: 4036617143 snduna: 4036618564 sndnxt: 4036618564 sndwnd: 14964

irs: 2564409837 rcvnxt: 2564411194 rcvwnd: 15028 delrcvwnd: 1356

SRTT: 300 ms, RTTO: 303 ms, RTV: 3 ms, KRTT: 0 ms

minRTT: 4 ms, maxRTT: 300 ms, ACK hold: 200 ms
Flags: passive open, nagle, gen tcbs, md5

Datagrams (max data segment is 1440 bytes):

39
Rcvd: 68 (out of order: 0), with data: 50, total data bytes: 1356
Sent: 92 (retransmit: 0, fastretransmit: 0), with data: 51, total data bytes: 1420

R4# sh ip bgp summary

BGP router identifier 172.16.12.1, local AS number 65002
BGP table version is 35, main routing table version 35
5 network entries using 505 bytes of memory
9 path entries using 432 bytes of memory
3 BGP path attribute entries using 180 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 1141 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 6/1 prefixes, 27/18 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

192.168.14.1 4 65001 81 81 35 0 0 00:05:14 4
192.168.34.1 4 65001 83 83 35 0 0 00:39:50 4

R4#sh ip bgp
BGP table version is 35, local router ID is 172.16.12.1
Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i - internal,
r RIB-failure, S Stale
Origin codes: i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Network Next Hop Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 10.1.1.0/24 192.168.14.1 0 0 65001 i
* 192.168.34.1 100 0 65001 i
*> 10.2.2.0/24 192.168.14.1 0 0 65001 i
* 192.168.34.1 100 0 65001 i
*> 10.3.3.0/24 192.168.14.1 0 0 65001 i
* 192.168.34.1 100 0 65001 i
*> 10.20.0.0/22 192.168.14.1 0 0 65001 i
* 192.168.34.1 100 0 65001 i
*> 172.16.0.0/20 0.0.0.0 0 32768 i

R4#sh run
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2112 bytes

!
version 12.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R4
!
logging queue-limit 100
40
!
username mossapio privilege 15 secret 5 $1$iQif$CL3jCsyS5JFtcp8rTRlva/
ip subnet-zero
!
!
no ip domain lookup
ip domain name cisco.com
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
no voice hpi capture buffer
no voice hpi capture destination
!
!
mta receive maximum-recipients 0
!
!
!
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.252.0
!
interface Loopback4
ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.252.0
!
interface Loopback8
ip address 172.16.8.1 255.255.252.0
!
interface Loopback12
ip address 172.16.12.1 255.255.252.0
!
interface Serial0/0
description R4->R3
bandwidth 128
ip address 192.168.34.2 255.255.255.252
serial restart_delay 0
clockrate 128000
!
interface Serial0/1
41
 no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface Serial0/2
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface Serial0/3
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart_delay 0
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
description R4->R1
ip address 192.168.14.2 255.255.255.252
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router eigrp 65002
passive-interface Serial0/0
passive-interface FastEthernet1/0
passive-interface Loopback0
passive-interface Loopback4
passive-interface Loopback8
passive-interface Loopback12
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.15.255
network 192.168.14.0 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.3
no auto-summary
!
router bgp 65002
no synchronization
bgp log-neighbor-changes
network 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.240.0
neighbor 192.168.14.1 remote-as 65001
neighbor 192.168.14.1 password cisco
neighbor 192.168.34.1 remote-as 65001
neighbor 192.168.34.1 password cisco
no auto-summary
!
no ip http server
ip http secure-server
ip classless
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.240.0 Null0
!
!
!
42
!
call rsvp-sync
!
!
mgcp profile default
!
!
!
dial-peer cor custom
!
!
!
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
logging synchronous
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
line vty 5 15
exec-timeout 15 0
login
length 0
transport input ssh
!
!
end

R4# tclsh
R4(tcl)#foreach address {

+>(tcl)#10.2.2.2
+>(tcl)#10.20.1.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.2.1
+>(tcl)#10.20.3.1
+>(tcl)#10.3.3.3
+>(tcl)#10.1.1.1
+>(tcl)#
+>(tcl)#} { ping $address source 172.16.12.1 }

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/60/104 ms
43
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/38/88 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/52/64 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.20.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/58/76 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/36/64 ms
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 172.16.12.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/18/32 ms

R4#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 10.20.2.1
Source address: 172.16.0.1
Tracing the route to 10.20.2.1

1 192.168.14.1 32 msec
2 10.1.102.2 64 msec

R4#traceroute
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 10.3.3.3
Source address: 172.16.8.1
Tracing the route to 10.3.3.3

1 192.168.14.1 12 msec
2 10.1.103.3 88 msec

44