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Product description
Static switch SSW
7500A/30000A-230
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Table of contents
1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 2
2 Scope of this user manual .................................................................................. 3
3 Safety precautions .............................................................................................. 4
4 Operating the static switch ................................................................................. 5
4.1 Operating modes ...................................................................................... 5
4.2 Starting the static switch .......................................................................... 5
4.3 Shutting down the static switch ................................................................ 5
4.4 Front panel ............................................................................................... 6
4.5 Overload conditions ................................................................................. 7
5 Alarms and fault conditions ................................................................................ 8
5.1 ONLINE (Inverter in use) LED flashing .................................................... 8
5.2 OFFLINE (Mains in use) LED flashing ..................................................... 8
5.3 INV-FAULT LED lit ................................................................................... 8
5.4 MAINS FAIL LED lit .................................................................................. 8
5.5 FAULT LED continuously lit ..................................................................... 8
5.6 OVERLOAD LED lit .................................................................................. 8
5.7 FAULT LED flashing with COM LED ....................................................... 8
5.8 FAULT LED flashing with INV-FAULT LED ............................................. 8
5.9 FAULT flashing with INV-FAULT in opposite pattern............................... 9
5.10 FAULT LED flashing alone....................................................................... 9
6 Programmable parameters ............................................................................... 10
6.1 Default supply......................................................................................... 10
6.2 Input limits .............................................................................................. 11
6.2.1 Mains ....................................................................................... 11
6.2.2 Inverter ..................................................................................... 12
6.3 Temperature ........................................................................................... 12
6.3.1 Over-temperature .................................................................... 12
6.3.2 Fans ......................................................................................... 13
7 Using inverters with SSW ................................................................................. 14
7.1 Inverter parameters when SSW in system ............................................. 14
7.2 Changing inverter system configuration ................................................. 14
8 Alarm relays ...................................................................................................... 15

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Table of contents

1 Introduction
SSW 7500A/30000A series static switch is an automatic bypass for API 1500A-230
inverter series. It has two AC inputs, the inverter AC output and the commercial mains
network. SSW 7500A/30000A uses one of the inputs as the default supply and the other
as the backup supply. User can select which supply is normally in use. When the default
supply fails, SSW 7500A/30000A switches automatically to the backup supply. The
switching components are fast thyristors and the fastest switching time is 2 ms. User can
select a longer reaction time to prevent unwanted switching if load or mains supply
generates disturbances to the AC voltage. It’s fully microprocessor based control and
monitoring functions guarantees high reliability and flexibility. User can fine tune the
behaviour of the SSW 7500A/30000A by changing the programmable parameters.
Internal history file saves tens of the last events and it can give valuable information when
troubleshooting the power supply system. The unit is intended only for professional use.
Read and follow carefully this manual.

2 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Introduction

2 Scope of this user manual
This user manual gives information how to install and use the SSW 7500A/30000A static
switch.

The programmable parameters are described in this manual. However, for information on
how to read and modify them refer to the RemoteMonitor manual. Reading diagnostics
information and understanding the history file are described in there as well.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Scope of this user manual 3
3 Safety precautions
While installing and operating the unit all normal safety regulations/recommendations and
this manual must be followed exactly. Only qualified and authorized personnel may install
the bypass unit.

When using SSW 7500A/30000A in permanent connection:

In a case of a failure it is possible that a static switch supplies AC power from the inverter
not only to the load but also back to the mains network. Fit a warning label on all mains
power isolators installed remote from the uninterruptible power system, to warn electrical
maintenance personnel that the circuit feeds an uninterruptible power system. The
warning label shall carry the following wording or equivalent: "Isolate the uninterruptible
power system before working on this circuit". If there is a plug connector in the input
cable, a back feed protection relay is needed.

4 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Safety precautions

4 Operating the static switch

4.1 Operating modes

SSW 7500A/30000A static switch has two alternative operating modes: Online (default
AC supply is inverters) and offline (default AC supply is mains). The SSW switches to the
default when both supplies are present. If only one AC supply is present the SSW uses it.
When the default AC supply fails, the SSW switches to the other supply (called backup
supply) without any interruption. However, the inverter and mains voltages must be
synchronized in order to switch to the other supply. The SSW always automatically
synchronizes the voltages if the mains frequency is within acceptable limits and is not
changing too rapidly.

4.2 Starting the static switch

The SSW starts automatically when either mains voltage or inverter output voltage is
present and connected. Switch on the inverter system as described in the user manual of
the API 1500A-230 inverter. Switch on the inverter output. The SSW will indicate “Inverter
Failure” if the inverter output is OFF. Switch on the mains AC voltage. When both mains
and inverter AC supplies are available, the SSW uses the default supply defined by the
parameters. The default supply can be changed by means of the RemoteMonitor
software (see RemoteMonitor manual for details) any time when the system is operating.
If mains voltage is present and its frequency is within acceptable limits (defined by
programmable parameters) the inverter output will be synchronized to mains. If mains
voltage is missing, the inverters will use the output frequency specified in the inverter
parameters.

Note! If the SSW is programmed to use the inverters as the default supply, the
SSW waits 15 s for the inverter output to be settled,to prevent switching to mains
and alarming the lacking inverter supply.

4.3 Shutting down the static switch

The SSW operates and supplies power to the output as long as one of the AC supplies is
on. To shut down the SSW, switch off the mains AC supply and switch off the inverter
output voltage. Switch the backup supply off first, and then the default supply.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Operating the static switch 5
4.4 Front panel

Figure 1. Front panel

SYNC (Synchronized): Inverter output voltage is synchronized to the mains voltage.

COM (Communication, inverter found): The SSW has found inverters connected to the
control bus. If this LED is flashing together with the FAULT LED, then it indicates a
communication failure.

INV-FAULT (Inverter fault): Inverter output is off, voltage / frequency is out of limits or the
communication between the SSW and the inverter(s) is not working. Use RemoteMonitor
to get more information.

ONLINE (Inverter in use): The output is supplied by inverter(s). If the LED is lit, this is the
default supply. Flashing LED indicates that this is the backup supply.

MAINS FAIL (Mains failure): Mains voltage or frequency is out of limits. Use
RemoteMonitor to get more information.

OVERLOAD The inverter system is overloaded or would be overloaded if it should supply

the load or the load current exceeds the maximum output current of the SSW.

OFFLINE (Mains in use): The output is supplied by the mains. If the LED is lit, this is the
default supply. Flashing LED indicates that this is the backup supply.

FAULT: Flashes if there is a fault in the system. Use RemoteMonitor for more
information. If the LED is lit the SSW microprocessor is not working. Try to restart the
SSW.

6 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Operating the static switch
4.5 Overload conditions
There are two different overload conditions. SSW overload means that output current is
higher than the maximum current rating of the SSW. The input fuse protects the SSW
against overheating in this case.

Another overload condition is inverter overload. If the SSW uses inverters to supply
output and they are overloaded, then the SSW switches to mains. This limit depends on
the number of operating inverters and their power rating. The SSW knows the maximum
output power of the inverter system and will not switch back to inverters if the output
power is too high for inverters.

If there are more than 5 inverters and the load is too high for them, SSW will switch to
mains even if it does not exist or is of bad quality.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Operating the static switch 7
5 Alarms and fault conditions

5.1 ONLINE (Inverter in use) LED flashing

Load is supplied by the inverter group, which is working as backup supply. If the MAINS
FAIL LED is not lit, the SSW is going to switch to the mains supply (default) when the
programmable delay is expired (see section 6 "Programmable parameters").

5.2 OFFLINE (Mains in use) LED flashing

Load is supplied from the mains supply, which is working as a backup supply. If the
Inverter failure LED is not lit the bypass is going to switch to the inverter supply (default
supply) when the user programmable delay is expired (see section 6 "Programmable
parameters").

5.3 INV-FAULT LED lit

Inverter output is off, inverter voltage or frequency is not in allowed limits or the
communication between the bypass and the inverter is not working. Use RemoteMonitor
software to get more information.

5.4 MAINS FAIL LED lit

Mains voltage or frequency is not in allowed limits. Use RemoteMonitor software to get
more accurate information.

5.5 FAULT LED continuously lit

The microcontroller of the bypass is not working. Unplug the static switch unit and re-
insert the module after all LED’s get dark. If it does not solve the problem, send the unit to
repair.

5.6 OVERLOAD LED lit

Inverter system is overloaded or would be overloaded if the load was switched to the
inverters. This LED is lit also if output power exceeds the maximum power of the bypass.

5.7 FAULT LED flashing with COM LED

Communication with inverters does not work properly. Check the Control bus cable.

5.8 FAULT LED flashing with INV-FAULT LED

Inverter AC output on but not connected to bypass.

8 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Alarms and fault conditions
5.9 FAULT flashing with INV-FAULT in opposite pattern
Voltage on inverter AC bus has wrong polarity. Check the cables.

5.10 FAULT LED flashing alone

This LED flashes a number of times and after a short pause repeats the sequence.
Number of flashes indicates the fault. See following list. For more information use the
RemoteMonitor software.

1x
Reserved

2x
Over-temperature. Temperature is over the Over-temperature alarm level (programmable
parameter).

4x
Unit lost. One or more inverter modules disappeared from the system because of a fault.

6x
AC power switch failure. One of the power switching thyristors or their drive circuit is not
working properly. Press the Reset button through the hole in the right bottom corner of
the panel. If the fault repeats the bypass needs service.

7x
Control bus transmitter/receiver HW failure.

10x
Internal RAM read or write error. If the parameters could not be read from the memory the
SSW uses factory defaults until new parameters are written by the RemoteMonitor
software. Other errors may be logged to the internal history file but will not avoid output
voltage generation.

11x
Fan fault or the fan option is not properly installed.

12x
Malfunction of internal circuits. SSW is not working properly.

13x
Incompatible software or parameters. The system contains modules that cannot operate
with each other due to incompatible parameters or software versions.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Alarms and fault conditions 9
6 Programmable parameters
The user can change many parameters that affect the behaviour of the bypass with the
RemoteMonitor software. All parameters can be modified any time. In order to check and
modify the parameters you need the RemoteMonitor software. This easy to use software
for Windows® environment gives a safe way to change parameters. However, the user
must understand what he is doing before he changes a parameter. Values that are
correct in a system may lead to unwanted behaviour in another system. Refer to
RemoteMonitor user manual for more details.

ALL PARAMETERS CAN BE SAFELY MODIFIED WHEN SYSTEM IS RUNNING AND

OUTPUT VOLTAGE IS ON.

Note! Parameters have default values programmed at factory and the bypass
will operate properly without any programming by user. However, if needed, the
user can tune the behaviour of the bypass by modifying the following
parameters. Also restoring factory setup can be easily done by the
RemoteMonitor software.

6.1 Default supply

Default supply
User can select which supply is the default supply (used when both AC supplies are
present) and which is the backup supply.

Load level to switch back to inverters after overload

If inverter loading is over 100 % inverter output will be turned off after a while and bypass
switches to the mains supply. This parameter defines how low the output power has to
decrease before switching back to inverters. This hysteresis may be necessary to prevent
oscillation because there may be a difference between mains and inverter voltages and
also the power taken by the load may change when switching to the other supply. So it is
possible that when the mains supply is used the loading is lower than 100 % of inverter
nominal load, even if it is higher than 100 % when inverter supply is used.

Note! There is a restart delay in the inverter parameters. It is not possible switch
to back to inverters before this delay has expired and inverters have restarted.

Delay to return from backup supply to default supply

When the default AC supply has failed and is restored the bypass switches back to the
default supply after this delay. When there are disturbances in the mains voltage these
problems may repeat several times during some seconds before the condition is totally
over. To prevent unnecessary switching to the backup supply and immediately back to
the default supply user can set this delay so that the bypass waits some seconds before
switching back to the default supply. The delay can be from 2 to 60 s. During this delay
the Inv. In Use or Mains In Use led is flashing but Inv. Failure and Mains Failure LEDs are
off.

10 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Programmable parameters

6.2 Input limits

6.2.1 Mains

Mains RMS min and max

Minimum and maximum allowed mains RMS voltage before switching to the inverter
supply.

Mains Hysteresis low and high

Hysteresis affects the limit at which the mains voltage is considered good if it was out of
the allowed limits. E.g. if Mains RMS min is 200 V and Hysteresis is 10 V, the mains
voltage must rise above 210 V before it is accepted again. If the hysteresis is too small
the system will oscillate when mains voltage drops slowly under the minimum level. E.g.
in this case when the mains voltage comes down to 199 V the bypass switches to the
inverter supply.

Immediately the mains voltage jumps higher than 200 V because the voltage drop caused
by the load current and the mains supply impedance is not present anymore. If there is a
too small hysteresis the bypass switches back to mains and the sequence repeats.

The best hysteresis value depends on the load and mains impedance. You can find the
best hysteresis value at the low limit in a very simple way. Just connect the normal load to
both supplies by changing the Default supply parameter with the RemoteMonitor software
and see how much mains voltage varies. Then use a little bit higher value as hysteresis.
The mains voltage is seen in the main window of the RemoteMonitor.

The Hysteresis high parameter is not so important because there is no similar problem
with the higher limit.

Reaction delay before switching to inverters

Delay to wait before switching to inverters when using mains as default supply and the
instant value of the mains voltage goes out of the allowed limits. User can adjust the
delay according to sensitivity of the load. Too short delay may cause unnecessary
transfers to inverters if there are short disturbances in the mains. Minimum delay is 1 ms.
Note that the real transfer time is this reaction delay time + 1 ms for switch over.
Maximum programmable value is 20 ms. However long delay time is not accurate. If the
delay is more than 8 ms, there is always one zero crossing in the delay period. Near zero
crossings a zero mains voltage is always acceptable and the delay counter does not
count. This lengthens the actual delay time. If the delay time is more than approx. 10-15
ms it has no effect anymore because the RMS value measurement reacts faster.

Mains freq. min and max

Minimum and maximum accepted mains frequency. If mains frequency is within these
limits the bypass synchronizes inverter output to this frequency. Otherwise the bypass
switches to inverter supply.

Max frequency change rate

Maximum accepted change rate of mains frequency. If mains frequency changes with
higher rate the bypass switches to inverter supply.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Programmable parameters 11

6.2.2 Inverter

Inverter RMS min and max

Minimum and maximum allowed inverter RMS voltage before switching to the mains
supply. The inverter output voltage is normally stable and within the limits. Limits are
necessary to recognize fast voltage drops in fault conditions like very high overload or
accidental loss of inverter DC supply.

Inverter Hysteresis low and high

See Mains Hysteresis low and high parameter. Because it is very unlikely that inverter
output voltage comes to minimum RMS limit without a heavy overload, it is not normally
necessary to adjust these parameters.

Reaction delay before switching to mains

Delay to wait before switching to mains when using inverters as default supply and the
instant value of the inverter voltage goes out of the allowed limits. A too short delay may
cause unnecessary transfers to mains if load takes high inrush currents. Minimum delay
is 1 ms. Note that the real transfer time is this reaction delay time + 1 ms for switch over.
Maximum programmable value is 20 ms. However long delay time is not accurate. If the
delay time is more than 8 ms, there is always one zero crossing in the delay period. Near
zero crossings a zero voltage is always acceptable and the delay counter does not count.
This lengthens the actual delay time. If the delay time is more than approx. 10-15 ms it
has no effect anymore because the RMS value measurement reacts faster.

6.3 Temperature

6.3.1 Over-temperature

Alarm level
Bypass will give over-temperature alarm when any of the two measured internal
temperatures is over this level. Unit degree in C.

Enable shutdown
If shutdown is enabled the bypass will turn its output off to protect the internal
components if the temperature becomes very high.

Note! This feature is not normally needed and exists only in special models.
Standard bypass does not have this feature and it cannot be enabled.

Shutdown level
In special models, if shutdown is enabled, the bypass will automatically turn off its output
internal temperature rises over this level. Over temperature alarm will be given if it is not
already on. Normally this value should be set to maximum. Unit degree in C.

12 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Programmable parameters

6.3.2 Fans

Low speed temperature or always running

Above this temperature the fans start to operate at low speed. Unit degree in C. Selecting
always running will cause fans to run at low speed also in cold environment.

High speed temperature

Above this temperature the fans start to operate at full speed. Unit degree in C.

Temperature hysteresis
When temperature drops this hysteresis (degrees in C) below low speed temperature limit
the fans will stop.

Note! Too small hysteresis may cause fans to continuously going on and off.

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Programmable parameters 13

7 Using inverters with SSW

7.1 Inverter parameters when SSW in system

Set Overload shutdown restart attempts to a non-zero value. When inverters turn their
output off because of too long overload the bypass switches to mains. If number of restart
attempts is zero inverters will never turn their output on. A non-zero value makes it
possible to the bypass to switch back to inverters when the overload condition is over.

Do not use Earth short alarm (check that it is disabled). The N wire of the bypass is
normally earthed in the mains supply and the inverters will give the Earth short alarm if it
is enabled.

7.2 Changing inverter system configuration

Inverter system can be expanded or reconfigured during operation same way as without
bypass. Refer to Inverter user manual for details.

14 Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Using inverters with SSW
8 Alarm relays
There are two relays with a potential free switch over contact each; both normally open
and normally closed contact is available.

Alarm relay C: No fault in system

The relay is activated when there is neither a fault in any module nor in the system. As
soon as a fault appears on module or system level like mains failure, overload, low
inverter input voltage etc., the relay is deactivated.

Alarm relay D: Default supply in use

The relay is activated when the default AC supply is used and is deactivated when the
SSW switches to the backup AC supply due to a failure in the default supply. There is a
10 s delay before the alarm is given.

When the SSW module is not powered, both relays are deactivated i.e. they are in alarm
state (= system fault, backup supply).

To get system level alarm signal in parallel operating system, it is not necessary to
include the inverter alarm contacts. The alarm relays of the SSW indicate all faults in any
module as well as all faults on system level.

Alarm contacts:

Relay C
C1 No system fault
C2 Common
C3 Alarm, system fault

Relay D
D1 Default AC supply in use
D2 Common
D3 Alarm, backup AC supply in use

Product description, Static switch SSW 7500A/30000A-230 Alarm relays 15

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