Xa6apoBCK

1999
EBK 63.3(2)612

JleBKHH f.r. Bo/ionaeBKa 6e3 jiereHfl. — FIpHaMypcKoe reorpa<j?HHecKoe o6me-

ctbo, Xa6apoBCK, 1999.

B KHHre IloHeTHoro Hjiena IlpHaMypcKoro reorpa<})HHecKoro oGmecrBa

noJiKOBHHKa 3anaca r.f.JIeBKHHa, HanwcaHHOH Ha oCHOBaHHH noflJiHHHbix ao-

KyMeHTOB, HHTaxeJIb HMeer B03MO>KHOCTb I103HaKOMHTbCfl C C03flaHHeM, CTpyKTy-

pOH H KOMaHflOBaHMeM HapOflHO-peBOJlIOUHOHHOH apMHH flajlbHe-BOCTOIHOH

Pecny6;iHKH c nepBbix flHefl cymecrBOBaHHa no ee ynpa3flHeHHa, a TaK>Ke y3Haxb

o SenorBapflefiCKHX bohcksx Ha JlanbHeM BocTOKe h hx KOMamaHpax c nepBbix

BHCTpejioB b 6opb6e npoTHB CoBeTCKofl BJiacra ao yxoaa b 3Mnrpaunio.

KHHra npeflHa3HaneHa juih rex, kto cTpeMMTca y3HaTb HecicoJibKr fiojibiue

H3 HcropHH flajibHero BocroKa Pocchh nepHOfla Pocchhckoh Tpa>KA ckoH

BOHHbl.

OTBCTCTBeHKbift 3a BbinycK B.H.CMMaKOB — yieHbifi cescpeTapb

npwaniypcKoro reorpacjiMiecKOro
'
o6mecTBa

© r.r.HcuKHH, 1999
Morse S.A.E.
© flpwaMypcKoc rcorparj)HMecKoe oGlucctbo
130-20133
 nOCBRLU,AETCfl naMHtmi mex, Ktno
nponuean zopHHyto Kposb wa dejibie
ctteea TipuaMypba, ceamo eepa e
ceemnoe Cydymee nomoMKoe

IIpeducAoeue

BojionaeeKu mozjio u he 6bintb.

r.X.3Hxe

npeflJiaraeMaa KHHra HanHcaHa Ha ochob3hhh flOKynieHTOB h apxHBHbix

MaTepwajioB h coflepHHT cBeaeHHH o Pocchhckoh TpajKAaHCKOH bohhc na flajib-
HeM Boctokc
BnepBbie HHTaTejib nony^HT bo3mo»hocti. no3HaKOMHTbca c co3aaHHeM
HapoflHO-peBOJirouHOHHOfi apMHH (HPA) flanbHe-BocTOHHOH PecnySjiHKH
(/JBP) HaocHOBaHHH noKyMeKTOB, a He MeMyapoB, nonHbix ouih6ok h cySteKTH-
BH3Ma B H306pa>KeHHH HCTOpHqeCKHX Co6bITHH. C0flep5KaHMe flOKyMeHTOB h
cpaBHeHHe no3BOJiHT no-HOBOMy B3rjiHHyTb Ha pojib k pecjiopMbi 6biBiuero
DiaBHOKOMaHflyiomero HPA h OnoTa, BoeHHoro MHHHCTpa B.K.EjiK>xepa, ko-
Topbiw nojiynmi uoa CBoe KOMaHflOBaHHe ot npeauiecTBeHHHKOB apMHio hohth b
100000 MenoBeK h 3a neTbipe c nonoBHHoK Mecaua ot 36 nexoTHbix h 15 KaBajie-
PhKckhx noiiKOB ocTaBHJi 7 nexoTHbix h 4 KaBanepHHCKHX nojiica Ha npocrpaHCT-
Be ot JJajibHepeieHCKa (HMaH b npouuioM) b FIpHMOpbe ao 03epa BafiKaji. FIpH
3tom o6maa HHCJieHHOCTb ocrajiacb 79650 HejiOBeK, a 6oecnoco6Hbix iuthkob h
ca6ejib, KaK Toraa tobophjih, hcbo3mo»ho 6biJio co6paTb h 10000.
^OKyMeHTbi n03BOJiaioT no-HOBOMy oueHHTb BecbMa He6jiaroBHaHyio ponb
B.K.Bjiioxepa b BojioyaeBCKoft onepanHH, Kor.ua HPA noTepana noHTH oflHy
TpeTb 6oesoro cocraBa H3-3a jihhhofo pyKOBOACTBa 6oeBMMH fleficTBHflMH
"rajiaHTnHBoro h jiereHflapHoro caMopoflKa" yHTep-ocpHuepa B.K.Bjiioxepa, ko-
Topbifl, ySbisaa c /JanbHero BocTOKa, ocTaBHJi nocne ce6a ot HPA TOJibKO 5
cTpejiKOBbix h 2 KaBanepHHCKHx nojiKa. A 6ejiaa apMHsi coxpaHHJia 3a co6oh, KaK
h ao Hero, Bee npHMopbe.
MHTaTejib CMO>KeT npocjieflHTb #HHaMHKy pa3BMTHa h peopraHH3aiiHH b
HPA, npHBeauiHX k TOMy, mto bo BjiaflHBOCTOK b OKTa6pe 1922 roaa npaKTHHe-
ckh BcrynajiH peryJiapHbie nacTH KpacHOH ApMHH Cobctckoh Pocchh; cmokct
OUeHHTb HCTOpHHeCKHe CoSblTHH C 003HUHH HOBblX 3HaHHH 6e3 3aTyMaHHBaiomeH
60JITOBHH HCeBflOHCTOpHKOB H (JiajlbUIHBblX yHaCTHHKOB C06bITHH, KOTOpbte flOJl-
rae roflbi HeaocTaTOK cBefleHHH h 3HaHHH KOMneHCHpoBajin paccyjKfleHHaMH 0
poj™ napTHH QoJibiueBHKOB Taivi, rae hx m 6jih3ko He 6bijio. HanpniMep, HaH6ojiee
apKO 3to BHaHO b cjiynae c fl.H.BofiKO-naBJioBbiM, KOTopbiw 6biJi 3a 100 c jihui-
hhm KHJiOMerpOB ot BojTOMaeBKH, ho, no MHoro iiHCJieHHbiM ny6jiHKauHaM
"y»iaCTHHKOB coSmthh" h ero jihmhmm cnoaaM, jibjmjicji "BononaeBueM", h 3th
CBeaeHHa nonaiiH b 3HunKJioneflHHecKHe cnpaBOHHHKH o rpa>KflaHCKoK BoiiHe,
3
Aaace c ny6jiHKauHefl cJioTorpa^HK, KaK oh "yHacrByeT" b HarpaacfleHHH repoeB
BojionaeBKH.
ripeacTaBJiaerca B03MoacHocrb oueHHTb pojib fl.H.TpaiiHUbiHa, KOTopbift
H3 OTpa^a b 19 HenoBeK CMor aobccth HHcneHHOCTb KpacHoft ApMHH HnxHero
AMypa ao HecKOJibKHX Tbican, c<}>opMHpoBaHHbix b 5 iiojikob, HMeBUiefi apnuine-
pmo, KaTepa h napoxoAbi, KOTopbift yHHHTOJKHJi scex anoHueB b ropoae HHKOJia-
eBCKe h 6ejiorBapfleflqeB ot Xa6apOBCKa ao CaxajiHHa h, KorAa 6bm BbiHy^eH
ocTaBMTb ropofl HHKOJiaeBCK, npoH3B<yi SBaKyauHio Hacejieroja b raeacHbie paft-
ohh, a nopT h ropOA HHKOnaescK cacer, HTo6bi anoHUbi He MorjiH co3AaTb BoeH-
HO-MopcKyM 6a3y okojto ycTba Aiwypa. 3Toro HejioBeKa apocTHO o6nnBajin rpa-
3bK> anoHUbi 3a to, hto oh ono3opHJi "Heno6eAHMyio" HMnepa-ropcicyio apMHio,
6enorBapaeHUbi - 3a to, hto yHHHTOJKmi KOHTppeBOjnouHOHHbie Boopy>KeHHbie
Ha Hhhchcm Aiwype h BoccraHOBHJi TaM CoBeTCKyio BJiacrb, a 6ojibirteBHKH
cHJiti

H3ompajiHCb b ooBHHeHHax b aHapxn3Me h 3a to, hto "He men no ny™ 6ojibme-

bhkob", xot» B36yHT0BaBiiiHeca 6biBiiiHe 6ejiorBapAeHUM paccTpenajiH BMecrre c
TpanimbiHbiM 2 anapxHCTOB, 1 3cepKy, 7 6ecnapTHHHbix h 12 6o;u>uieBHKOB, b
tom HHCJie npeAceaaTeiia CaxajiHHCKoro o6jiacTHoro HcnojiHHTenbHoro CoBeTa,
KOMMyHHcra <D.B.5KeJie3HHa.
BnepBbie HHTaTenb no3HaKOMHTca co cxpyKTypoft /^ajibHe-BocTOHHofl
ApMHH 6ejiorBapaeHueB, a 6o/iee BepHo - apMHH AeMOKpaTHHecKoft KOHTppeBo-
jiwuhh, c HMeHaMH Tex, kto B03rnaBnaji nocjie^HHe "6ejiwe" noJiKH. npeacraB-
naeTca bo3MOjkhoctb y3HaTb 6Horpat[)HH aTaMaHa r.M.CeMCHOBa h reHepan-
Maftopa B.M.MojinaHOBa.
H
ecjiH HHTaTejib 3aayMaerca nan BonpocaMH pocchhckoh HcTOpHH, to
aBTop coHTeT BunojiHeHHWM cboh AOJir nepeA HMeHaMH naBUiHX b M«KAoyco6-
hoh bohhc, HaHaBiueiicfl b nepBbift »ce AeHb <DeBpajibCKOH peBOJiK>u.HH 1917 rofla.
Pa3yMeeTCa, HanwcaHHe khhi-h ocymecTBJieHO c yneTOM aHanH3a MHoro-
HHcneHHbix pa6oT coBeTCKHX HcropHKOB, ny6jiHKairnH Bpa>Kfle6Horo Jiarepa, py-
KonHceH ynacTHMKOB co6biTHH, KOTopbie TaK h He yBHAejm cbct ao chx nop, Ma-
TepHanoB ra3eT, bmxoahbuihx Ha flajibHeM Boctokc b toam TpaacAaHCKOH boh-
Hbl.

Abtop He CTaBHJi nepeA co6oh 3aAaHH yKa3HBaTb Ha HeTOHHOCTH, ouih6kh

hjih npHMyio JiojKb, BCTpenarouiHeca b paccMOTpeHHbix hm pa3JiHHHbix H3AaHHax
hjih nySnHKauHax. IlpocbSa k B03MoacHbiM onnoHeHTaM He ccbinaTbca Ha pa3-
nHHHbie SHUHKJioneAHH, c6opHHKH AOKyMeHTOB h MeMyapbi, TaK KaK ohh npw
HanHcaHHH khhi-h TiuaTejibHO aHajnonpoBajiHCb. B nepByio onepeAb sto otho-
CHTca k AaTaM npe6biBaHHH b AOJixcHOcrax KOMaHAHpoB h nojiHTpa6oTHHKOB,
nocKOJibKy 3a ocHOBy 6panwcb AOKyMeHTH o BCTynjieHHH b AOJHKHOCTb h ee Cfla-
ne, a He AOKyMeHTH o Ha3HaHeHHH, KpoMe Toro, cymecrBOBano mhoto npHKa30B,
yTOMHaiomnx 3aAHHM hhcjiom BpeMa npe6biBaHHa b aojdkhocth. Bcro OTBeTCT-
BeHHOCTb 3a coAepxcaHHe khhi-h h BHBOflbi, cAenaHHbie b Heft, aBTOp B03naraeT
Ha ce6a.

4
 Hapoduo-pe60Aioii,uoHHaH apMun
AaAhue-BocmoHHOu Pecny6AUKU
HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHaa apMHa J^ajibHe-BocroHHOH Pecny6jiHKH (flBP)
Kax BOopyxeHHaa 6oeBaa cHJia B03HHKJia ewe no C03aaHHa rocynapcTBeHHoro
o6pa30BaHH», nonyHHBiiiero H33BaHne flBP. BnepBbie Ha3BaHHe "HapoflHO-
peBonrouHOHHaji apMHs" no othouichhio k cbohm BoopysKeHHMM canaM npHMe-
HHJI 3CepOBCKHH IIoJIHTHHeCKHH UeHTp B ropofle HpKyTCKe BO BpeM3 BOCCTaHHa
npOTHB KOJIHaKOBCKOH BJiaCTH B KOHUe 1919 rOfla, CTpeMKBIUHHCa He flOnyCTHTb
BOCCTaHOBneHHa Cobctckoh BJiacTH h co3,naTb 6y({)epHyio pecny6jiHKy, b iiojih-
THHeCKOM H 3KOHOMHHCCKOM OTHOUieHHH OpHeHTHpOBaHHyW Ha CoeflHHeHHHe
lilraTbi AMepHKH.
IloJlHTHHeCKHe Co6bITHa pa3BHBaHHCb TaK, HTO IlOJlHTUeHTp 6bICTpO CO-
uien co cueHbi, a Ha3BaHHe 3a apMHeg, npoaojiataBuiefi coBepuieHCTBOBaTbca h
pa3BHBaTbca, coxpaHHJiocb h bouijio b hctophio Pocchmckoh TpaamaHCKOH boh-
hw Ha ^anbHeM Boctokc
HcTOHHHKaMH CBoero tjjopMHpoBaHHa HapoaHo-peBOJiiouHOHHaa apMHa
(HP A) HMena:
- BoccTaBuiHX pa6oHHx h noBCTaHHecKHe BoKota HpKyTCKoro rapHH30Ha;

- napTH3an HpicyTCKOH ry6epHHn, o6i>e,nHHeHHbix b CeBepo-BocTOHHbiH

4>poHT;
- napTH3aH npH6aHKa^ba h 3a6aiiKajiba h Ka3aKOB c coroaTaMH H3 apMHH
reHepaji-jieHTenaHTa axaMaHa T.M.CeMeHOBa, nepemefliuHx Ha cropoHy Kpac-
hhx;
- BoccTaBuiHe KOJinaKOBCKHe BOHcxa h nap-nmH ripHMOpcKOH oGnacTH;
- napTH3aH AMypcKofi o6nacTH;
-peryjiapHbie BoiicKa KpacnoH ApMHH CoBeTCKOH Pocchh.
B xoAe BOCCTaHHa, HanaBiiieroca 23 fleKa6pa b ropofle HpKyrcKe, b pacno-
paaceHHH IIojiHTueHTpa 0Ka3ajica 53 crpejiKOBMH noJiK (okoho 900 hcjiobck), hh-
cTpyKTopcKHH GarajibOH (okojio 300 nejiOBeK), Orpaa oco6oro Ha3HaneHHa (250
nejiOBeK), paSoHHe nocejiKa rjia3KOBo h 3HaMeHCKoro npeainecTba. OSmaa hhc-
neHHOCTb cocraBHJia okojio 3000 nejioBeK. KoMaHayiomHM sthmh BOHCKaMH 6hji
Ha3HaneH seep KanHTaH H.C.KanaiiiHHKOB, a co3flaHHbifi uiTa6 B03rjiaBJiJiJi no 18
aHBapa 1920 roAa EaHflefiKHH, cMeHeHHbifl ByKaTbiM. B.JI.EyKaTbiK flo 3TOro
B03niaBJiHJi I^eHTpajibHbiH IllTa6 pa6oHe-KpecTbHHCKHx .npyxcHH, oSmaa huc-
neHHOCTb Koxopbix cocTaBJiajia 2253 HejioBeica, 1 opyflHe, 14 nyjieMCTOB 1
.

5 aHBapa rionHTueHTp 3a«BHJi o B3aTHH Bjiacra b cboh pyKH h co3biBe

BpeMeHHOro CoBera Ch6hpckoto HapoflHoro ynpaBJteHHa. 15 HHBapa HHTep-
BeHTCKHe BOHCKa nexoB h (J>paHuy30B nepe^anH OojiHTueHTpy 6biBiiiero BepxoB-
Horo IlpaBHTejia Pocchh a^Mnpajia A.B.Kojrqaica h 30jiotoh 3anac
K HpKyrcKy 6biJiH CTaHyTH nacTH napTH3aHCKOH apMHH bo maBe c 6mb-
uihm nopynHKOM ^.E.3BepeBHM, nocKOJibKy npH6™*;ajiHCb KarmeneBCKne boh-
5
ci<a, yaapaMH KpacHOH ApMHH h ch6hpckhx napTH3aH. C03-
OTCTynaBuiiie nop.
Aajiacb yrpo'ja jaxBaTaropoua SejibiMH BoiicKaMH. 20 SHBapa 6mji co3,aaH BoeH-
HO-peBOJIIOUHOHHblH KOMHTeT (BPK) BO TJiaBe C A.A.lllHpaMOBblM, h Ha CJie-
ayiomHH flens ilojiHTueHTp nepeaaji BJiacrb BPK, KOTopbin HeMe/yieHHo npHcry-
nmi k (J)opMHpoBaHHio H3 napTM3aH AwrapcKoro h CeBepo-BocTOHHoro (tppoHTOB
h bohck HapoflHO-peBOJiwaHOHHofi apMHH FIonHTiieHTpa hoboh Boctoiho-
ChShpckoh CoBeTCKOH apMHH 2 KoMaHayoiyHM 6bm Ha3HaneH /laHHHji Ebao-
.

khmobhh 3BepeB, HaiajibHHKOM urra6a (Hill) - EaEtneiiKHH, bochhmm KOMHeca-

poM - ByKaTMH h noJiHTHHecKHM KOMHecapoM - Kojioc.
B apMHK? bxoahjih: 1 BajiaraHCKaa «hbm3HH (H.B.,Zj>opaHOB, HLU - Cre-
naHOB; okojio 2800 iutwkob, 1200 ca6eub, 15 nynCMexoB), 2 EpaTCKaa flHBH3H«
(H.A.BypjiOB; Hill O.E.MopeiiKOB; okojio 1870 uiTbiKOB), 3 KoMMyHHCTHne-
-

CKaa msmm (3215 nyji.), 4 CoBeTCKaa ahbh3hsi (2478 uiTbiKOB, 21

uitwkob, 21
nyji.), 5 CoBeTCKaa flHBH3na (2989 uiTbiKOB, 25 nyji.), 6 CoBercKaa flHBH3Ma

(A.E.MojinaHOB, Hill - BA.SapaHOB; 942 qit., 7 nyn., 404 caSjiH) 3 KpoMe Toro, .

B paae ropoaOB CToajra rapn.H30Hbi peBOJiiouHOHHbix bohck. 06maa HHCJieH-

HOCTb Boctomho-Ch6hpckoH Cobctckoh apMHH (BCCA) cocTaBJiajia 26726 tc-
jioBeK npn 12 jierKHX, 2 Ta^cejibix opyiwax, 105 nyjieiweTax h 4 carviojieTax 4 .

5 4>eBpajia HanajiH <i)opMHpoBaTb 7 3a6aHKa/tbCKyK> nexoTHyio ,ohbh3Hio

(H.C.KajiauiHHKOB), npeflHa3HaMeHHyio ana npecjieaoBaHHa 3a EafiKajiOM OTCTy-
nHBUiHX KanneneBueB. TaK Ha3biBajiH ocTaTKH KOJinaKOBCKHX bohck b naMarb 06
yiuepiueM KoiuaHAyioiueM apMHen B.O.Kannejie, KOTopwe coejiHHHJiHCb c boh-
CKaMH aTaMaHa F.M.CeMeHOBa-
npHKa30M BCCA Jfe 42 ot 11 c^spa™ 6bma co3flaHa 3a6aHKajibCKaa
rpynna bohck (H.C.KaJianiHHKOB, Hill - KauiKaflaMOB),B KOTopyio bouijih 7 3a-
6aHKajibCKaa nexoraaa AHBH3Ha, 1 HpKyxcKaa KaBanepHHCKaa ammasi
(^I.M.neTejiHH; c 06.03.20 r. - flepraneB), HHTepHauHOHajibHaa 6pHraaa h Bep-
r. 3a6aHKajibCKaa rpynna BbicrynHJia H3 Hp-
xojieHCKHH nojiK. 16 cpeBpajia 1920
EaHKan h 27 Bouijia b ceneHHe Kyaapa, rae coe/niHHJiacb c iiac-
KyTCKa, nepeuina
TaMH napTH3aHCKOH apMHH 3anaflHoro 3a6aHKajiba, fjiaBHOKOManflyioinHM ko-
Topofi 6bm E.B.JIe6e,neB, a fta i iajibHHKOM uiTa6a - E.H.fl,o6poHpaBOB, H36paH-
Hbie npeflCTaBHTejiaMH BOCCTaBuiero Hapo/i,a Ha ci>e3Ae, npouiejriiieM c 25 no 30
aHBapa. no oueHKe E.B.Jle6eaeBa, noa ero KOMaHflOBaHHein 6biJio okojio 4000
nexoTbi h 1 500 KasajiepHH 5 .

06-bejiHHeHHbiMH cHJiaMH E.B.JIe6eaeBa h 3a6aHKajibCK0H rpynnbr

H.C.KajiauiHHKOBa 2 (tpespajia 6biji c 6oeM B3HT ropon, BepxHeyaHHCK (YjiaH-
Yffj).
HecMOTpa Ha to, hto Ha EHHypCKOM cie3fle BoccTaBiuero Hapoaa 6bin H3-
6paH HeHTpajibHbifi HcnojiHHTejibHbin komhtct Cobctob paSonnx, KpecTbaHCKHx
h 6ypaTCKHX aenyTaTOB npH6aKKanba, to eCTb 6biJi:o npoB03rnameHO BoccTa-
HOBJieHHe CoBeTCKoii BJiacTH, 10 Mapra UHK npH6aflKanba coraacHJica Ha ne-
peaaHy ynpaBJieHHa BpeMeHHofl 3eiwcKOH BJiacTH npH6aHKajiba, npeaceflaTejieM
KOTOpOH CTaJI MeHbUieBHK H.naTHfleCHTHHKOB 6 .

6
 C cornacHS npcucraBHTejia Cobctckoh Pocchh h HpKyTCKoro PBK Bpe-
MeHHaa 3eMCKaa BJiacTb npH6aiiKajiba 10 MapTa 1920 rofla npnHana peuieHHe:
"Bcfl 6biBiuaa BocroHHO-Cn6HpcKaa CosercKaa apMHa, opramrjoBaHHaa m
napTH33H HpKyrcKofi rySepHHH h 3a6aHKa;ibCK0H o6jiacTH, oSiaBJiaeTca Ha-
poflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHofi apMHefi h nepexoflHT b pacnopa>KeHne BpeMeHHoK Me-
cthoh 3eMCKoii BJiacrH b npn6aHKanbe" 7 .

Ho eme no 3Toro, 26 cjjeBpana npHKa30M JN? 58, Ha ocHOBanHH npHKa3a

jsjg 5 rySepHCKoro BPK ot 23 cjjeBpajia, BCCA 6bma npeo6pa30BaHa b 1 HpKyT-

cnyio CTpejiKOByio ahbh3hio, KOManflHpoM KOTopoK CTan B.H.BypoB, 6biBuiHfi flo

3Toro KOMaHflyiowHM 3anaflHOH rpynnw BCCA 8 KoMHecapOM Ha3HaneH
.

A.JI.CHOCKapeB. ElTa6 otbh3hh B03niaBHn A.A.UIkojihh. Rmmvix cocToana H3

Tpex CTpejiKOBbix Gpnraa: 1 c6p (<J>.A.CrpyroB; HIII - riiihmieBCKHH) b cocTaBe 7
CTpeJiKOBoro nojiKa (cn; 3y6oB, 780 uit., 9 nyji.), 8 cn (Ulpaep, 420 hit., 7 nyji.), 9
cn (KaiijHH, 815 iut., 8 nyn.), KaBanepHHCKHH ahbiohoh (Kyrejib, 165 ca6ejib),
poxa cb»3h (65 lien.), 1 neraaa apT6aTapea (4 opyana), nepeBa3oqHbifi OTpafl,
npoflOBOJibCTBeHHHH h apTHJiJiepHHCKHH TpaHCnopTbi; 2 c6p (MaTBeeB, HLU -

CojioBbeB) b cocTaBe 10 cn (1030 eit., 12 nyji.), 11 cn (Ko3jiob, 950 iut., 10 nyn.),

12 cn (KyjMKHH, 1050 iut., 12 nyji.), KaBn.HBH3HOH (190 ca6.), 2 nericaa apT6aTa-
pea (4 opyflHs), poTa cbjbh (93 neji.); 3 c6p (Ky3HeuoB - c 09.03.20 r.) b cocraBe
13 cn QKapues, 1200 uit., 12 nyn.), 14 cn (BepuiHHHH, 1080 uit., 12 nyji.), 15 cn
(AneKcaHflpoB, 1220 uit., 12 nyn.), KaBAHBH3HOH (JIobuob, 120 ca6ejib), 3 nencaa

apT6aTapea (4 opyjwa), poTa CB33H (102 Hen.), nepeBa30HHbin OTpaa, npoBHanr-

CKHH H apTHJiJiepHHCKHH TpaHCTIOpTbl. KpOMe TOPO, B flHBH3HK» BXOflHJIH flBa
6poHenoe3fla - "KoMMyHHCT" h "KpacHbm open", KaBajiepHHCKnn nonic
(HoBOKineHOB, 410 caSenb), 5 JierKaa 6aTapea (4 opyflMa), Taacenaa ray6nHnaa
6aTapea (2 opyana), SaTajibOH cbs3h (290 nejioBeic), flBa noflBH>KHbix rocnHTana,
3nnfleMHHeCKHH OTpafl, 3arpaflHTejibHMH OTpaa (90 neji.), npoflOBOJibCTBeHHbw h
py>KeHHO-nyjieMeTHbiH( flHBH3HOHHbie TpaHCnopTbi. 06maa HHOieHHocTb jihbh-
3HH, no CBeaeHHaM A A IIlKOJiHHa, k anpejno 1920 roaa nepe/i HacrynneHHeM Ha
MwTy 6bma 8945 uithkob, 935 ca6enb, 26 opyflHH, 96 nyneMe roB, 2 6poHenoe3.ua,
4 caMoneTa 9.

Flo CBeaeHHaM C.H.UlHuiKHHa h E.M.IIlepeujeBCKoro, k 27 MapTa 1 Hp-

KyTCKaa ahbh3hh HMejia 12140 6ohuob h KOMaHjmpoB 10 .

C nepBhix auePi opranii3auHH HapouHO-peBOjnounoHHOH apMHH OHa

CTpOHJiaCb B COOTBeTCTBHH CO LUTaTaMH.
30 MapTa 6bUiH o6i.aBJieHbi HopMH cyTOHHoro aoBOJibCTBna ujia Hapoflo-
apMeflueB Bcex nacTeii h yqpeacAeHHfl, a nepe3 Tpn mn o6-baBJieHbi oKJia^w xie-
HejKHoro coaepacaHHa conflaTaM, KOMauzmoMy cocraBy h iiHnaM aflMHHHcrpa-
THBHoro annapaTa".
06baBHB o co3^aHHH HapoaHO-peBomonnoHHOH apMHH (HPA) ripH6afi-
Kajiba, 3eMCKaa BJiactb npeaycMOTpejia h co3,naHne BoeHHoro BeaoMCTBa, CBoe-
o6pa3Horo BoeHHoro MHHHCTepcTBa, bo raaBe KOToporo craji H.K.FoHHapoB,
HMeBuiHft onbiT nojiHTHHecKofi paSoTbi b BoScKax. rjiaBHOKOMaHflyrouiHM BceMu
BoopyjKeHHMMH cnjiaMH npH6aKKajiba 6wji Ha3HaneH r.X.Snxe, Swbujhh no 19
7
HHBapji KOMaHflyiomuM 5 KpacHoii ApMHefi, kotopwh Bcrynnri b HcnoiiHeHHe
MapTa 12
jjojtxchocth 18 .

B tot ace jxem, oh own npHKa3 o Ha3HaneHHH HaiajibHHKOM uiTa6a npH

TjiaBKOMe rierpa JlKOBJieBHHa HanajibHHKOM CHa6)KeHHH -
IlejieHKHHa,
H.H.CTopoaceBa, HHcneKTopa nexora H.H.BaxpoMeeBa h pw
apyrax bhciiihx
flonacHOCTHbix hhu., npHHein bcc ohh 6hjih Ha3Ha^eHti 3a/(HHM hhcjiom: nejieH-
khh - c 1 MapTa, Cropo>fceB h BaxpoMeeB - c 5 MapTa. 3thm noAHepKHBajiocb cy-
mecTBOBaHHe apMHH eme «o co3flaHHa 3cmckoh BJiacra IlpH6aHKajibH. TeM He
MeHee khcm C03flaHna HPA 6mjio onpejiejieHO 1 MapTa 1920 ro^a, o neM CBHfle-
1

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pwx onpcneneH nopajioK npa3;iHOBaHHa nepBofl ro/J,oBmHHbi apMHH 13 .

.Hjih jiyHiiiero ynpaBJieHHH BOHCKaMH 6bui co3/iaH BoeHHbiH Cobct, b ko-

Topbifl boiiijih r.X.Snxe, H.KXoHHapoB h A.A.UJhpjimob.
JXsih BeaeHHa nonHTHHecKOH pa6oTbi b apMHH Ha 6a3e nojiHTOTjiena BCCA
6wji co3flaH nojiHTOTfleji HPA bo rnaBe c OpemeHKOBbiM.
IlpHKa30M J* 39 ot 9 MapTa KOMaHzryiouiHH 3a6aHKajibCKOH rpynnoii
bohck KajiauiHMKOB 7 3a6aKKajibCKyio jrHBH3HK> nepe<J)opMHpoBaji b 3a6aHKanb-
ckhh name, cc|)opMHpoBaji TapSaraTafiCKHH h rameHCKHH iiojikh h cbcji hx Bee b
3a6aiiKajibCKyio 6pHraAy, KOMaHflnpoM KOTOpoft Ha3HaiHJi Jle6eaeBa. Hepes He-
cKOJibKo flHefi KOManflOBaTb 3a6aHKanbCKOH rpynnow 6liji Ha3HaneH JIe6eaeB h
npoKOMaHAOBan eio c 19 no 22 MapTa. npnKa30M jN° 5 ot 22 MapTa 3a6aHKajib-
cKaa rpynna paccpopMHpoBMBaeTca h co3/jaiOTca 3a6aHKajibCKaa crpejiKOBaa m-
BH3HH h OxnenbHaa MpKyTCKaa KOHHaa Gpnraaa.
B 3a6aiiKajibCKyK> ahbh3hk> (JIe6e,n,eB) boiiijih 1 c6p b cocTaBe KyaapHH-
CKoro, Tap6araTaiicKoro h FaineHCKoro nojiKOB, 2 c6p (H.A.EypnoB) b cocraBe
4 OKHHCKoro, 5 cn, 6 TyjiyHOBCKoro cn 14 B OrziejibHyio HpxyTCKyio KaB6pHrajjy
.

bouijih 1 h 2 KaBnojiKH, 2 3a6aflKajibCKHH Ka3aHHfi nojiK.

MpKyTCKaa apraruiepHHCKaa 6pHrana npHKa30M JVe 29 ot 4 anpens 6biJia
pac^opMHpoBaHa h ee 6aTapeH 6hjih pacnpeaejieHbi uexjxy I HpKyTCKofi h 3a-
SaHKajIbCKOH JJ,HBH3H«MH.
/J,jia JiyniiieH nojiroTOBKH 6ohuob, nocrynaromnx Ha yKOMiuieKTOBaHMe
nacTeii HPA, 6buin co3aaHH 1 3anacHbifi CTpejiKOBbifl nonK (najibHHKOB) h 1 3a-

nacHbiH KaBnojiK (JlanTameBCKHfi)' 5 .

HeTKOCTb b ynpaBJieHHH bohcksmh /jocrHrajiacb pacnpeneneHHeM cpyHK-

uhh ynpaBJieHHa MeacjJty co3/jaBaeMbiMH HHcneKiiHaMH: nexoTbi
(H.M.BaxpaMeeB), apTHJuiepHH (M.M.^aHbimeB - c 07.03.20 r.), KaBanepHH
(H.H.BypcaK - c 21.03.20 r.) h HaqajibHHKaMH (c cooTBeTCTByiomHMH ynpaBJie-
HHaMH): HH>KeHepoB HPA (r.HTaM3arypflH - c 07.03.20 r.), caHHTapHofi nacTH
(O.H.neTpoB - c 10.03.20 r.), CHa6)KeHHa (CTopoweB - c 05.03.20 r.; c 16.03.20 r. -
KanHTOHOB), BoeHHbix coo6meHHH (Ka6pHiucHM - c 16.03.20 r.), BeTepHHapHofl
Hacra (HBaHOB - c 08.04.20 r.). Bbino co3flaHO TaKJKe BoeHHO-aflMHHHCTpaTHBHoe
ynpaBJieHHe ropojjaMH (C.Jl.MaprojiHH).
OopMHpoBaHHe MaCTeii, yipeacfleHHfi h 3aBeaeHHH ocymecrBJiajiocb no
uiTaTaM, npHJiaraeMHM k npHKa3aM o (jpopMHpoBaHHH.
8
 HacejieHHe 3a6aHKaJiba, npoaonacaa 6opb6y 3a BOCCTaHOBJiemie CoBex-
3eMCKyio BJiacrb h co6pa-
ckoH BJiacTH, oTKa3MBajiocb npH3HasaTB BpeMeHHyio
jiocb Ha BTopofl BHHypcKHH cbesn, npoxoflHBiiiHH c 22 no 25 MapTa 1920 roaa 16 .

ynOJiHOMOHeHHMH Cn6peBKOMa A.M.ToGejibcoH-KpacHomeKOB, npH6biBuiHH

ycHJiHH, hxoSm CKJioHHTb ynacTHHKOB cbe3fla Ha
H a ci>e3A, npHJi03KHn MaKCHMyin
"6ycpepa" - 6yp5Kya3H0-,neM0KpaTHHecK0H pecny6jiHKH, ho ao6hjic3
co3aaHHe
numb cornacHa Ha nocbuiKy npeflcxaBHTejieH Ha o6ujhh KpaeBOH cte3A b Bepx-
neyflHHCK, KOTopbifi npoxoflHJi c 28 MapTa no 6 anpena.
Bmbiuhh nneH eBpeHCKofl 6oeBOfi jxpyjKHHbi A6paM MowceeBHH To6enb-
coh b 1903 roAy 3MnrpHpoBaji b CI11A, rue b 1912 rony okohhhji HHKarCKHH
yHHBepcHTeT h flo 1917 rofla pa6oTan aflBOKaxoin, hto aano eMy 6oraxyK) npaK-
THKy B OpaTOpCKOM HCKyCCTBC. B03BpaXHBIlIHCb B HKWie 1917 rofla B Pocchhd,
o6ocHOBanca Ha flanbHeM BocroKe, o6b«BHJi ce6a 6onbmeBHKOM, Ha3Bajica
AjiexcaHflpoM MHxafijiOBHHeM KpacHomeKOBbiM h noa sthm hmchcm BOinen b
HCTopmo. nocjie naaeHHa Cobctckoh BJiacxw b ropoae Xa6apoBCKe b ceHxaSpe
1918 roAa, me oh 6hji npeflceaaTeneM .IJajibcoBHapKOMa, To6enbcoH-
KpacHomeKOB Ha aonroe Bpenia ncne3 h o6-baBHJica jihdib BHOBb b HpicyTCKe no-
CJie CBep*eHH« TaM KOJIHaKOBCKOH BJiaCTH. H3BeCTHbM HCTOpHK-
flajibHeBoCTOMHHK E.H.MyxaneB CHHxaer, hto A.M. To6ejibcoH-KpacHomeKOB b
tot nepHOfl CHflen b TiopbMe noa hmchcm MaxaHJia CeMeHOBHna FyxKOBCKoro
17
.

^OKyMeHTbi CBHAeTejibCTByiOT, hto A.M.To6ejibcoH-KpacHomeKOB 6bm

nojiHocTbio coJinnapeH c scepoBCKHM IlojiHTueHTpoM b Bonpoce co3flaHHa 6yp-
>Kya3Horo 6y<|>epHoro rocyaapcTBeHHoro o6pa30BaHHa Ha flajibHeM BocroKe, ho
opHeHTHpoBaHHoro He Ha CI1IA, a Ha CoBexcKyio Pocchm, hto BW3MBajio k He-
My HenpHH3Hb y hjichob flajib6iopo PK11(6) H K.I*OHHapoBa w. A.A.IIlHpaMOBa,
.

croaBuiHX 3a coBenreauHJo /(ajibHero BocTOKa h Ha aejie, a He cjioBaMH 6opoB-

uihxcs b pa#ax napTH3aH h apMHH. Ohh BtwejiH b HeM orojrrenoro cenapara-
18
CTa
Cjieayex oxMeraTb, hto eme lJeHTpocH6Hpb o6pamana BimMaHne Ha cena-
paTM3M ^3,aJibcoBHapKOMa, B03rnaBJiaBUieroca A.M.To6enbcoHOM-KpacHO-
meKOBbiM".
B aoKJiaae IJK PKII(6) MoHcefi Ty6eJibMaH nHcan: "Co BpenieHH npnesaa
tob. BHJieHCKoro (npeacTaBHTejib Cobctckom Pocchh. - r.JI.) nocjieaHHH b 6ece-
Aax TOBapHiuecKOM Kpyry noflHepKHBan aBaHTiopucTHHecKHC HaKJioHHOCTH
b
t.KpacHomeKOBa, CHHTaa ero npoxoaHMueM" 20 .

6 anpejia 1920 roaa Ha cheijyz b BepXHey^HHCKe (yjiaH-Yfls) 6bina npHHaTa

AeKnapawa, npoB03rnacHBiuaa ^ajibHe-BocxoHHyio Pecny6jiHKy b cocxaBe 3a-
6aHKajibCKofl, AMypcKog, npHMopcKofl, CaxaHHHCKOH h KaMHaTCKoH o6jiacTeH,
xoth Ha Cbe3fle (J)aKTHHecKH 6biJiH TOJibKo npeflCTaBHxejiH npH6afiKanba. KaM-
naTCKaa o6jiacrb 20 aeKa6pa 1920 roaa 6bma nepeaaHa PC<t>CP. CorjiacHo Koh-
cTHTyunH flBP ot 27 anpena 1921 roaa b TeppHTOpHK) pecny6jraKH boiujih 06-
nacTH npH6afiKajibCKaa (o6pa30BaHa b HoaSpe 1920 r.), 3a6aKKajibCKaa, AMyp-
CKaa, ripHMopcKaa h npnaMypcKaa (o6pa30BaHa b Hoa6pe 1920 r.) c ceBepHoft
nacTbio ocTpoBa CaxaJiHHa.
9
 A.M.ToSejibcOH-KpacHoweKOB cran bo raaBe hoboto rocyflapcTBeHHoro
o6paaoBaHHH. B nocnexiyiomeM oh 6yaeT y6paH c ^antHero BocroKa 3a cenapa-
th3m, nocKonbKy bo mhoi-hx cjiynaax paccMaTpHBan /J BP He KaK uinpiny win pe-
uieHHH nojiHTHHecKHx BonpocoB PODCP, a KaK caMOCToaxensHoe rocyaapcTBo,
xotji oho 4>nHaHCHpoBajiocb 6ojiee neM Ha 60% CoBeTCKoK PoccweH. no MHeHHio
MHOrHX KOMMyHHCTOB, 6opOBHIHXCa 3a CoBeTCKyiO BJiaCTfa Ha ^aJTtHeM BOCTOKe,
co3iiaHHe JJ,B? npeaonpeflejimio 3aT»a<Ky Pocchhckoh rpascflaHCKofi bohhm h
BOeHHOH HHTepBeHUHH.
B nepwoa npoxoaHBiiiero Cbe3£a chji3mh 1 HpKyTCKOH AHBH3HM HPA hm-
Tairacb B33TB ropoa Hm-y, hto6bi jiHKBHAHpoBaib TaK Ha3bmaeMyK) "HHTHHCKyio
npo6Ky" Mejiyiy AMypcKofi o6jiacTbK>, r^e 6bma BoccTaHOBJieHa CoBeiCKaa
BJiacTb, h npn6aHKajibeM, rae ycTaHaBJiHBanacb 6yp5Kya3H0-AeM0KpaTHHecKaa
pecny6jiHKa. Flo oueHKe HanajibHHKa urra6a 1 HpicyTCKoH ahbh3HH
A.A.UlKonHHa, y aTaMaHa r.M.CeMeHOBa Ha HanpaBJieHHH yjjapa ahbh3hh SbiJio
Bcero okojio 10000 iutmkob h 3200 ca6ejib, H3 hhx co6ctbchho ceMeHOBueB - ao
3400 uiTbiKOB h 1200 ca6ejib npw 18 opy^Hax h okojio 6000 lutmkob h 1000 ca-
Gejib KanneneBueB 21 .

no CBe/ieHHHM, npHBOflHMbiM E.M.UIepeuieBCKHM, k KOHuy MapTa 1920

ro/ja 6ejibix bohck b "hhthhckoh npo6Ke" 6bino: 2337 o(])HuepoB, 8383 nexoTHH-
ua, 9041 KaBanepHCT npH 496 nyneMeTax h 78 opy/jHax 22 .

IIpH 3TOM o6a aBTopa 3a6biBaioT o 6poHeBO« jj.hbh3hh, hmcbqich 18 6po-

Henoe3flOB h aBJiaBuieiica ochobhoh yaapHofi chjioh b »cejie3Ho,aopo)KHOH nono-
ce.

Chjim 6ejiwx pa36pocaHbi Ha orpoMHbix npocTpaHCTBax 3a6af*Ka-

6biJiH
jiba, npH^eM 3HaHHTejibHaa nacxb
Bejia 6oeBbie /jeHCTBHa npoTHB napTH3aHCKoro
BocTOHHo-3a6afiKaj[bCKoro <j)poHTa. TIpH nocTaHOBKe 3aaaHH Ha HacrynjieHHe Ha
HHTy b npHKa3e 12/on ot 3 anpena KOMannoBaHneM 1 HpKyTCKow flHBH3HH npo-
thbhhk oueHHBancn b 1000 iiiTHKOB h 400 ca6enb Ha ceBepHOM ynacTKe, okojio
2800 ihthkob h 820 ca6ejib Ha 3anaflHOM yqacTKe, Ha ceBepo-3ana,nHOM y4acTKe
HHCJieHHOCTb He 6biJia ycraHOBJieHa. H3 cpcacTB apTHJiJiepnn nojiarann HanHHue
4 opy/HM noneBbix h 2 Ha 6poHenoe3ae. npcnnojiarajiocb, «rro b pafioHe caMoa
HHTbi oKOJio 4500 ihthkob h 1300 caSejib npH 14 opyanax 23 .

Bcero ana HacTyruieHHa HPA BbiflejiHJia 18 6aTajibOHOB, 16 opyflHH, 2 ca-

MOJiera h napTH3aHCKHX OTpa^a, 4>aKTHHecKH ywe bxoahbuihx bo 2 c6p
jj.Ba

(EypjiOB) 3a6aHKajibCKoii ahbh3hh 24 .

IlOfl KOMaHAOBaHHeM HaHAHBa 3a6aiiKajibCKoft ahbh3hh E.B.JIe6e/jeBa oc-

raBJieH pe3epB b cocraBe 9 6aTajibOHOB h OTAeJibHofi KaB6pHraabi.
IlepBaa HHTHHCKaa onepaiiHa HPA OKOHHHJiacb HeyAaieH.
C 18 anpena 1920 roaa HPA npn6aHKanba HaHHHaioT Ha3biBaxb Hapofl-
Ho-peBOJHOHHOHHoB apMHefi 3a6aiiKajiba, h TjiaBHOKOMaHAyroiuHH bccmh boo-
pyaceHHbiMH CHJiaMH 3a6aftKajiba r.X.3Hxe npoBOflHT cpoMHbie MeponpHaTHa no
nonroTOBKe k HOBOMy HacTynneHHio Ha Hury. flpH 3tom oh pemaeT pacnpo-
CTpaHHTb cbok) BJiacTb Ha Bee Boopy>fceHHbie 4>opMHpoBaHHa ^ajibHero BocroKa,
owb npHKa3 N° 91 or 22 anpejia 06 o6pa30BaHHH AMypcuroro (J)poHTa, bkjiio-
10
naBUiero BocTOHHoe 3a6aHKanbe h AMypcKyio o6jiacTb (KOMaHayioinHft
^t.C.HIhjiob);OxoTCKoro 4>poHTa, BKjnoiaBLuero paiioHbi Xa6aposCKa h Hhko-
jiaesCKa-Ha-AMype (KOMaHflyrom™ .51. H. TpanHqbm); IlpHMOpcKoro cj>poHTa,
BKjnonaBiiiero b ce6a pafloHbi BnaflHBOCTOKa h HHKOJibCKa-yccypHHCKOro
(KOMaH^yiomHH C.r.Jla3o) 25 .

O peajibHOH cyjibGe C.r.JIa3o b 3tot momcht He 3HajiH hh bo BjiaaHBOCTo-

Ke, hh b BepxHeyflHHCKe.
AMypcKHH cppoHT npH dtom aojufceH 6wji nonnoTHTb b ce6a 6hbuihh nap-
TH3aHCKHH BoCTOHHO-3a6aHKajIbCKMH (JlpOHT H BoCTOHHbM (Xa6apOBCKHH)
(J)poHT, KOTopbiMH KOMaHflOBajiH cooTBeTCTBeHHO #o 16 anpena fl.H.KoporaeB,

a c 22 HHCJia - ^.CUIhjiob, Boctohhmm - C.M.CepwmeB c 22 anpe.ua. Ho 4>aKTH-

qecKoro o6-beflHHeHHa 3THX <J>pohtob b tot nepHOA He npoH30iu.no.
napTH3aHCKoe ABH^eHHe b Boctokhom 3a6aHKajibe bo3hhkjio Kai< npora-
BOAefiCTBHe Teppopy aTaiwaHa r.M.CeMeHOBa, npnieM flBe TpeTH Ka3aKOB 3a-
6aiiKajiba yuuio k napTH3anaM. H3 OTAejibHbix pa3po3HeHHbix napTH3aHCKHX ot-
paaoB b ceHTfl6pe 1919 roaa bo3hhk $poHT c ejiHHbiM KOMaH«OBaHHeM h bkjiio-
nan b ce6a 6 kohhmx, 2 nexoTHbix nojiKa h 1 KHTaiicKHH 6araxibOH. 06maa hhc-
jieHHOCTb cocTaBnajia okojio 3000 nenoBeK. B Mapte 1920 roaa (|)poHT y»e hmcji
11 kohhmx h 2 nexoTHbix nojiKa npn 18 opy/uiax h 70 nyjieMexax. 06maa hhc-
jieHHOCTb cocraBJiJiJia okoho 20000 nenOBeK 26 J\o 23 cfceBpajia KOMaHAyiomHM
.

4)pOHTOM 6mji n.H.^KypaBJieB, a nocjie ero CMepra, co 2 MapTa, .H.H.KopoTaeB.

Ha 2 cfcipoHTOBOM cT>e3fle, npoxoflHBineM c 20 no 22 anpena, KOMaHayiomHM 6mji
H36paH JJ.C.LUhjiob, HanajibHHKOM uiTa6a - K.fl.JIyKC (oh TKe B.B.JIohao).
Ci.e3a peuiHJi peopraHHSOBaTb BoflcKa, h 6biJi ccftopMHpoBaH 1 3a6aftKai!bCKHH
CoBeTCKHH KOpnyc noa KOMaHAOBaHHeM H.H.KopOTaeBa. B Kopnyc bouijih
CrpejiKOBaa Spwraaa b cocraBe Tpex nojiKOB h jibs KaBajiepHHCKHe ahbtohh. Ha-
najibHHKOM oflHOH cran M.MJIkhmob, a BTOpofi - n.H.BeflepHHKOB. KpoMe to-
ro, b Kopnyce 6bmH canepHbifi 6arajrbOH w apTHjijiepHficKHH ambh3hoh. H3
bohck, npHgbiBuiHX H3 AMypCKOH oSnacTH, 6wjia cijjopMHpoBaHa £HBH3Ha, ko-
Topo8 6bmH npHflaHbi flBa 6pOHenoe3Aa 27 .

B pe3ynbTaTe HHCJieHHOCTb BocTOHHo-3a6aftKajibCKoro (jipoHTa B03pocjia

noHTH so 30000 nejioBeK.
lllHpoKO pa3BepHyBiueeca napTH3aHCKoe flBH>KeHne b AMypcKoii o6nacTH
oceHbio 1919 ro.ua npHBeno k c03aaHHio napra3aHCKOH apMHM. B Hanane $eBpa-
Jia 1920 rofla napTH3aHCKoe abh^chhc 3aBepmHJiocb ocBo6o>KfleHHeM AMypcKoii

06jiaCTH OT HHTepseHTOB H BOCCTaHOBJieHHeM CoBeTCKOfi BJiaCTH.

b ropoae BnaroBemeHCKe UeHTpajibHbiH onepaTHBHbifl mTa6
5 (peBpajia
o6t>3bhji 0 BoccTaHOBJieHHH CoeeTCKOH BJiacTH, a 8 h 10 MapTa b ropoA BcrynHna
noHTH lS-Tbica^Haa napTH3aHCKaa apMHa, KOTopaa b pe3yjibTaTe 6JiOKaAbi bh-
HyflHJia anOHCKHe BoiicKa nOKHHyTb o6jiacTb h y6wTb b npHMopbe.
nocKonbKy b tot MOMeHT OCHOBHHM CTaji MHTaTbca 3anaAHbiK ynacTOK,
to aiwypcKHe BoiiCKa Hanajin HanpaBJiaTb b BocTOHHoe 3a6aHKajibe. C 19 MapTa
hmh KoiwaHAOBan ^.C.IIIhjiob, h, k&k roBopHiiocb Bbiuie, oh 22 anpena B03rna-
bh^ o6-beAMHeHHbie BOHCKa. KoMaH,ayK>mHM bccmh BoopyxceHHHMH cwjiaMH
11
AMypcKofi o6jiacTH nponon>Kan ocraBaTbca H.r.Ee3poflHbix, H36paHHMH na
3tot nocr eme Ha VII ci>e3fle, a BbiinenuiHii H3 TiopbMbi 6bibuihh nopy^HK
C.M.CepwmeB B03rjiaBnn BoeHHtiH KOMHccapnax. C.M.CepuuieB b 1918 rony flo
31 aBrycra KOMaHflOBan 6eperoBOH h *ene3HOjiopoKHOH oxpaHOH Ha IIpn6aH-
KajIbCKOM KpaCHOM (JlpOHTC IIpH Mo6HJIH3aUHH B KOJIHaKOBCKyK) apMHK) CKpblJI
CBoe oi|)HuepcKoe 3BaHHe h npe6biBaHHe b KpacHoii ApMHH. IIpe6biBaHHe b pa-
«ax KpacHOfi ApMHH He 6mjio pacKpbiTO, a bot coKpbirae otjHmepcicoro 3BaHHa
pa3o6jiaHeHo, B pe3yjibTaTe cyaoM BoeHHoro TpHSyHana 6bin ocy>K,neH Ha nBa
Mecaiia nopbMbi, ho no JiHHHOMy yKa3SHHK> KOMaH^yiomero bohckhmh ripH-
aMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra cpoK 6wji yBenHneH no flByx Jie-r.
4-5 anpena 1920 rona anoHCKHe BOHCKa HaiaJiH 6oeBbie nencTBHa npoTHB
HapOflHO-peBOJUOUHOHHMX BOHCK B IIpHMOpbe. TapHH30HbI BO BjiaflHBOCTOKe,
HHKOJibCKe-YcxiypHHCKOM, Pa3aojibHOM, IIlKOTOBe, CnaccKe h Xa6apoB«ce 6biJiH
pa3rpOMJieHw. H3 Xa6apoBCKoro paiiOHa 6onbinoe kojihhcctbo bohck nepeuino
Ha jieBbifi 6e'per Aniypa, rne yace 6 anpena o6pa30Bajica Xa6apoBCKHH
(BOCTOHHblH) <J>pOHT, K OM a HJiy K) UXH M KOTOpWM crraji H.r.EynraKOB-EenbCKHH.
HeCKOnbKO Tbican connaT 3aHann o6opOHy Baojib no6epe»cba Aiiypa, npaKTHne-
ckh no rpaHnue AinypcKofi o6jiacrH.
Bocbmoh Cbe3fl TpyaamHxca AMypcKofi o6nacTH, npoxonHBUiHft b tot ne-
pnoa, npuHaji peineHne o co3flaHHH BocroiHoro (JipoHTa, Ha3HanHB KoinaHayio-
dthm C.M.CepbimeBa, a KOMHecapoM n.n.riocTbiuieBa. EbiJiM cpcrao c4>opMH-
poBaHW 1 AMypcKHfl crpejiKOBbifi noiiK H3 nepBoro KOMwtyHHCTHHecKoro OTpaaa,
3 KaBajiepHHCKHH nOJIK (MejlbHHKOB) H3 napTH3aHCKHX OTpJUIOB "HepHblH BO-
poH", HMeHH BoiiaapeHKO, "Eecnouj.an.HHii", "06pa3uoBbifi", 4 KaBnojnc (TejiHH)
H3 oTpaaoB MaKapoBa-3y6apeBa, Eypeflcicoro, HBaHOBO-EnaroBemeHCKoro h
"KpacHbiii open", 5 KaBnojnc {/(yuiKHH) H3 oTpanoB "CrapHKa" h
"HeyCTpaniHMHH".
C npH6biraeM Ha <£poht C.M.CepbimeBa h BcrynneHHeM ero b KOMaHflo-
BaHHe BOHCKaMH 22 anpena EynraKOB-EenbCKHH npoaonxcnn KOMaHnoBaTb boh-
CKaMH Ha npaBOM 6epery. HananfeHHKOM uiTaSa y C.M.CepwuieBa cTan
C.r.Bejie>KeB, TaKxee Smbiiihh ocjwmep, cnyacHBUiHH b 1918 rony b coBexcKHX
BoiicKax HananbHHKOM rnaBHoro apTHnnepHHCKoro ynpaBneHHa Ch6hph.
Ilocne nopa»ceHHH b pe3ynbTaxe HeynaHHoro HacrrynneHHa Ha XaSaposcK
h noa KpacHoii PeHKOH BOHCKa c npaBoro 6epera xnbiHynn Ha neBbifi, BnHBaacb b
BoCTOHHblH $pOHT.
riepemjiH Ainyp oTpaflbi EopncoBa, KapaceBa, BapaHOBa, Cyp5w, UleBny-
Ka, HBaHOBa, .HpomeHKO, CaBenbeBa, 1 flanbHeBOCTOHHWH KasnojiK, nacTb 1
BnaaHBOCTOKCKoro KpenocxHoro nonica, nacTb 35 cTpenicOBoro nonKa.
B pe3ynbTaTe 3HeprHHHofi pa6oTbi no nepe(J)opMHpOBaHHio H3 pa3po3HeH-
Hbix noapa3aeneHHfl 6binH o6pa30BaHbi 1 Cobctckhh nonx (IleTpoB-TeTepHH), 2
h 4 CoBexcKHe nonnn, 5 TyHryccKHH nonK (IIIeBnyK), 6 HeoTnejibHbiH SaT&nbOH,
1 HeoTaenbHbin 6aranbOH, 1 KaBajiepuncKHH nonK (Aptioxobckhh), 1 n 2 apran-

nepnficKHe Sarapen, ray6HHHbin B3BOfl, HHweHepHaa poTa, MHHHO-noflpwBHaa

KOMaHaa. H3 EnaroBemeHCKa npHSbinn 6poHenoe3fl h caHHTapnbiH noe3fl.
12
(ppoHT npeBpaTHJica b rpo3Hyro cwiy, cnoco6HyK> npoxHBocxosxb BxopxceHHio
2
anoHiieB b AMypcicyio o6Jiacxb ».
K ceBepo-BocroKy ot ropoaa Xa6apOBCKa co6hxhh b KOHue 1919 h nep-
boh noJiOBHHe 1920 roaoB pa3BHBanHCb cjieayiomHM o6pa30M.
nocjie pa3rpoMa KajiMbiKOBuaMM H'anoHuaMH napTH3aHCKoro oxpaaa
HHCJieHHOCTbio okojio 600 lejioBeK, 6a3HpOBaBiueroca Ha xae»(HOM ceneHHH Eh-
<jeBaH b cpe^HeM TeneHHH peKH Xop, ocxanocb okojio 150 nenoBeK, npoaonacHB-

uimx napTH3aHCKyio 6opb6y 30 Ohh pa3aeJiHJiHCb Ha OTpaaw no 20-30 mcjiobck h

.

pacceaJiHCb no Xa6apOBCKOMy ye3ay. riocKOJibKy npeaceaaxejib PeBinxa6a,

QbiBinHH <uieH Xa6apoBCKoro ropcoBexa 3y6KOB 6hji paccxpenaH no hbctoahhio
fl.H.BoHKo-naBJiOBa h M.E.rionKO, o6bhhhbuihx 3y6KOBa b pa3rpoMe napxH-
3aH, HaaJiexcano HaiuexHTb nyTH aaJibHeiiuieH 6opb6bi h pemnxb Bonpoc o pyxo-
BOACTBe napTH3aHCKHM ^BHSKeHHeM.
2-3 HoaSpa 1919 roaa b cene AHacxacbeBKa b 45 KHJioMexpax ot Xa6apoB-
cxa Ha coBemaHHH napxroaHCKHX KOMamn-ipoB 6hji H36pan BoeHHo-
peBoniouHOHHWH nrra6, npeaceaaxeneM KOToporo CTaji ^.H.EoHKO-IlaBJiOB. By-
ayiH HecornacHMM c aeaxejibHOCTbio HOBoaBJieHHoro uixaQa, oanH H3 KOMaHan-
poB oxpaaoB ^.H.TpanHUWH bo rjiaBe 19 nejiOBeK ymeji H3 AHacTacbeBKH bhh3
no AMypy, 3aaBHB, hto waer BOCcraHaBJiHBaTb CoBexcKyio BJiacTb. *Iepe3 He-
CKOJibKO flHeft b cene BaxcKOM y Hero y»e 6mjio 35 H&riOBeK. Haiancs 3HaMeHH-
Tbifi 3hmhhh noxoa npoTaxceHHOCTbK) fiohth b 1000 KHJioMeTpoB, b pe3yjibxaxe

KOToporo Ha nyra napxraaH B03po>Kaajiacb Bnacxb Cobctob. KpecTbHHe, pa6o-

«me c npHHCKOB, 6biBUiHe 6ejiorBapaeHCKHe cojiaaxw npHCoeaHHaJiHCb k noxoay.
K ueHxpy CaxajiHHCKoft o6nacro, KoropbiM Smji c 1917 roaa ropoa Hhko-
jiaeBCK-Ha-AMype, b HHBape 1920 roaa noaouuia KpacHaa ApMHa HHJKHero
AMypa HHCJieHHOCTbio okoho 4000 nejiOBeK (no CBHaexenbCTBy ynacxHHKa co6m-
XHii Be6eHHHa - okojio 6000 nenOBeK), c$opMHpoBaHHaa b noma. B cocxas py-
KOBoacxBa bxoahjih: KOMariayiomHH apMHeft fl.H-TpanHui.iH, 3aMecxHxejib ko-
MaHayiomero ,H.C.Ey3HH-EHH, HanajibHHK uixa6a T.E.HayMOB-MeaBeab. Ko-
MaHflHpaMH iiojikob 6buiH: 1 napxH3aHCKHft noJiK - H.H.Eop30B-Kouy6a, 2 nap-
XH3aHCKnM noJiK - A.H.KoMapoB, Hn3KHe-AMypcKHH nojiK - <t>.n.IlaBnio^eHKO,
ropHO-AMryHO-Kep6HHCKHH noJiK - HA.EyapHH, AHapxo-KOMMyHHCXHHecKHfi
nonK - C.H.UIepHH.
Flocne B3axHH KpenocxH HHbippax b apMHH noaBHnacb apxHjmepHa 31 .

3aKJiK)HHB corjiauieHHe c anoHuaMH o HeHanaaeHHH, 29 <t>eBpajia nacxn

KpacHoft ApMHH bouijih b HHKOJiaeBCK. Ho b HOHb Ha 12 Mapxa anoHCKHH rap-
hh3oh, B03rnaBJiaBUJHHca MafiopoM HcHKaBa, Hanan Ha napxH3aHCKHe nacxH. B
xofle xpexflHeBHbix 6oeB napxH3aHH oaep>KajiH no6eay, yHHHXojKHB iiohth 6a-
xajibOH cojiaax h B3aBiiiHX b pyKH opyarae rpa>KaaHCKHX anoHCKHX jihu. B rmeH
6bmo 3axBaneHO 117 cojiaax h 11 aceHUXHH H3 yBecejiHxejibHbix homob. B kohuc
Maa, nepea yxoaoM H3 HHKOJiaeBCKa KpacHwx nacxefl, Bcex nneHHbix paccxpejia-
jih. IlapTH3aHbi b xoae 6oeB noxepajin y6nxbiMH 135 HejiOBeK h okojio 300 6wjio

paHeHo 32 .

13
 B npnKa3e Ne 19 ot 11 Mapxa 1920 roaa HF.EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH coo6-
iuhji, 4to HananbHHK anoHCKoro iiiTa6a Oxa63 yBcaoMHJi ero b tom, hto anoH-
CKHe BoficKa 11, 12 h 13 inapTa c 8 yTpa no 3 nacoB nun 6yayT npoH3Bo,miTb b
ioro-BocToiHOH nacTH XaSapoBCKa crpentSy 6oeBbiMn naTpoHaMH. 3xo He hc-
KjnonaeT, hto anoHUbi MoriiH Bbicxynnxb b Xa6apoBCKe, ho hxo-xo noMeuiajio
BBecTH b fleiicTBHe o6mnii nnaH.
KaK HacMeuiKa Haa pyccKofi HCTOpHeft b HnKonaeBcice-Ha-AMype aojirae
roAW ctohjinaMHTHHK norH6tiiHM anoHuaM-HHxepBeHxaM, h Hex flo chx nop na-
MflTHHfca napxH3aHaM h canaaTaM, naBiuHM b 6ohx h M3roHaBiUHM co CBoea 3eM-
JIH HHXepBeHXOB.
HMea MomHyio pajyiocTaHUHK), .H.H.Tpanni;biH nozwepacHBan CBH3b c
Oxotckom, EnaroBemeHCKOM, HpnyxcKOM h xejierpa<})Hyio CBfl3b c XaSapoBCKOM
h BnaflHBoexoKOM. Oh npeaynpeacflan o bo3moh<hom HacxynneHHH anoHueB b
apyrHX ropoaax h, k cofcaneHHio, OKa3ajica npaB.
Pa3rpoMHB KpacHbie BOHCKa b FIpHMopbe h Xa6apoBCKe b Hanajie anpena,
anoHUbi OKa3ajincb b BecbMa cjiowhom nonoaceHHH b BoeHHOM oxhouichhh. Hac-
th 14 otbh3hh, HaxojiHBUJHeca b Xa6apoBCKe, 6biiiH b cBoeo6pa3HOM OKpyxe-
hhh, a 43CTH 13 AMBM3HH He mohih npoABHHyxbca c lora aajibme CBHarHHa, hto-
6h coeaHHHTbCJi c OKpy>KeHHbiMH b Xa6apoBCKe. 29 anpejia anoHUbi 3aK.nfOHH.11n
c BJiajuHBOCTOKCKHM npaBHxejibCTBOM coraauieHHe, o6a3biBaBuiee oxBecxw Bee
pyccKHe BOHCKa 3a 30 KtmoMexpOB ox H<ejie3HOH flopora, KOTopoe npaKXHHeCKH
pa3B5f3ano hm pyKH ana BefleHHa 6oeBbix .neiicTBHH Ha Hhjkhcm Aiwype. B Mae
anoHUbi flBHHyjiH 3axBaHeHHbie KaHOHepKH AMypcKofi $jiothjihh bhh3 no AMypy
npoxHB OxoTCKoro (fjpoHTa, BbicaflwiH aecaHX b /Je-KacTpH, h hx 6oeBbie ko-
pa6jiH bouijih b AMypcKHH jiHMaH. KpacHbie BOHCKa BMecTe c HacejieHweM ropo-
aa ymjiH H3 HHKOJiaeBCKa b TaeacHoe ceno Kep6n Ha AMryHH. OcTaBJieHHbift ro-
pofl 6biJi noflOHOKen, hto6m anoHUbi He MornH co3,aaxb BoeHHO-MopcKyio 6a3y b
ycrbe peKH.
B Kep6w (HbiHe nocejiOK hmchh rionHHw OcwneHKo) fl.M.TpanmibiH h
eme 22 HenoBeica H3 HHCJia KOMamtHpoB nonKOB, pa6oxHHKOB uiTa6a h cobctckhx
cnywauiHX, b tom hhcjk; h npeaceaaTejib CaxajiHHCKOro oBjiacxHoro HcnojiKOMa
KOMMyHncx O.B.)Kejie3HH, 6hjih paccTpejiaHbi B36yHTOBaBUiHMHca cojiflaxaMH,
pyKOBO^HMbiMH Smbiuhm 6ejiMM ocJjHuepoM H.T. AHflpeeBbiM. BcKope
H.T.AHapeeB h nacxb ero cno;iBH5KHHKOB 6e>Kajin k anoHuaM Ha CaxajiHH, a no-
cne H3rHaHna HHxepBeHTOB H3 PocchIi - b ilnOHHio, AMepHKy h KHTaK. HeKOXo-
pbte oxpaabi HHXCHeaMypueB nocne 3thx Tparn liecKHX coSmthh yiujiH no^ Xa6a-
poBCK h npHcoeflHHHjiHCb k napTH3aHCK0My OTpaay ^.H.EoMKO-riaBJioBa, nacxb
6hbuihx napxH3an pa30uinacb no flOMaM, a H3 ocxaBiitHxca 6bui c<j)opMHpoBaH
19 nonK HPA noa KOMaHfloii Be3flHHHa h E3flaKOBa, coBepuiHBiiiHH repoimecKHH
nepexoa no ropHO-Tae»CHOH mccxhocth h3 Kep6H ao EjiarOBetueHCKa...
B kokhom ripHMopbe co6bixHH pa3BHBajinCb b cneayiomeH xpoHOJiornn. 26
AHBapa 1920 ro.ua b ropoae HMKOJibCKe-YccypHficKOM npoH3omno CBepxceHKie
KOJinaKOBCKofi BnacrH b pe3yjibxaTe BoccTaHna 33 cxpejiKOBoro no^Ka, HH>Ke-
HepHoro flHBH3HOHa m BBOfla b ropoji napTH3aHCKHX oxpaflOB. Bo rjraBe boc-
14
cxaBiiiHx 6biJiH A.O.KonbinoB-AHapeeB h acep, Smbihhh poTMHcrp
H.r.BynraKOB-EejibCKHH. H.r.ByjiraKOB-BejibCKHH 6wn Bbi6paH HanaabHMKOM
BoeHHO-peBonioiiHOHHoro uiTa6a. 29 HHBapa nyTeM neperoBOpOB oh ckjiohhji Ha
cBOfO cTopoHy rapHH30H cejia Pa3aojibHoro, b kotopom 6bmn 1 Oco6hh crpeji-
KOBbifi nojiK, npHMopcKHii aparyHCKHfi ray6nHHaa 6aTapea m nacrb ap-
nojiK,
THJiJiepHHCKoro yHHJiHina. KoMaHaya SKcneaHUHOHHbiM otpsaom,
H.r.ByjiraKOB-BenbCKMH noBea HacTynneHHe Ha ropoa BnaaHBOcxoK. Iloaxoa
peBOJirouHonHbix bohck o6ycjioBHJi 6ercrB0 H3 ropoaa 31 HHBaps CTaBJieHHHKa
KoJinaKa reHepaji-neifa-eHaHTa Po3aHOBa noa 3amHTy anoHueB. BoficKa, naxo-
flMBiiiHecji b ropoae, peaabHO b npoHcxoaHBUiHx coSbiraax b tot momcht yna-

cths He npHHHMajiH, xots h ecTb CBHaerejibCTBa, hto 6bmn roTOBbi BbiCTynHTb Ha

CTOpOHe BOCCTaBIIIHX.
B ropoae h o6aacrH 6bma oSiaBJieHa BaacTb BpeMeHHoro IlpaBHTejibCTBa
flpHMopcKOH o6;iacTH - 3eMCKoft ynpaBbi, KOTOpoe 2 cJteBpaaa npHHano nono-
ateHHe o BoeHHOM CoBCTe h 9 (peBpaaa oStHBHJio ero cocraB. IIpeaceaaTeneM
BoeHHoro CoBeTa craa rjiaBa 3cmckoh BJiacrn A.C.MeaBeaeB, ero 3aMecrHTeaeM
- naeHaMH - A.T.AjieKceeB, A.CXepBac h H.n.Ta^eeB 33 CeK-
M.iI.JlHHfl6epr, a .

peTapeM CoBeTa cTaji A.O.BeprMaH. H TOJibKo 6 MapTa cocxaB BoeHHoro CoBe-

Ta 6bm H3MeHeH. B aojDKHocrb 3aMecTHTena npeaceaaTeaa BoeHHoro CoBeTa
BCTynHJi C.r.Jla30, a MJieHaMH crajiH Cn6HpueB, JlyuKHH m JlHHa6epr, ceKpeTa-
peM - MejibHHKOB. 3thm ace npHKa30M H.r.ByjiraKOB-BejibCKHH Ha3HaneH Ha-
qajibHHKOM Xa6apOBCKoro pafioHa 34 .

BpeMeHHoe npaBHTejibCTBo npHMopcKoK o6jiacTH eme 3 (fceBpana Hanpa-

bhjio SKcnejiHUHOHHWH OTpaa noa KOMaHflosaHHeM H.r.ByjiraKOBa-EejibCKoro
Ha XaSapoBCK ana ocBoSowaeHHa ero ot bohck reHepaa-Maftopa
H.n.KajiMbiKOBa. B 3KcneanuH0HHbiH OTpaa boimih nacrb 33 CTpejiKOBoro noa-
Ka (AnaKcaropoB), napTH3aHCKHH OTpaa O.A.iTeTpoBa-TeTepHHa, 6pOHenoe3fl.
Flo corjiameHHio c anoHCKHMH BoficKaMH 16 peBpaaa peBOJiiouHOHHbie nacTH
BcxynmiH b Xa6apoBCK. K.n.KaaMbiKOB 3a rpvt ana ao yroro cbohm npHKa30M
pacnycTHJi iioaHHHeHHyio eiwy «hbh3hk>, BHOBb Bocco3aaji flo6pOBOJibHeCKHH
OcoSmh Ka3aHHH OTpaa, h b KOJinnecTBe 610 neaoBeK npH 1 opyaHH m 1 1 nyneMe-
Tax OTpaa noKHHyji ropoa, ymeji b coceanioio MaHbHwypwio, rae KajiMbiKOB
6bm nneHeH KHTanuaMH h BCKOpe y6HT.
Bo BjiaaHBOCTOKe npaBHTeiibCTBO A.C.MeaBeaeBa c nepBbix ace aneK npw-
CTynHJio k C03flaHHK) peryaapHOH apMHH. KoMaHayiomHM Boopy>KeHHbiMH cy-
xonyTHbiMH h mopckhmh CHJiaMM 6bin Ha3HaHeH noiinojiKOBHHK
A.A.KpaKOBeuKHH, 6biBUiHH b 1918 roay BoeHHHM mhhmctpom bo BpeMeHHOM
npaBHTejibCTBe aBTOHOMHOH Cn6wpH ManeHbKoro TOMCKOro eBpea-anTeKapa
n.il./JepSepa, BcnnbiBiuero bo BjiajjHBOCTOKe b pe3yjibTaTe MHTepBeHUHQHHCT-
CKoro BbtCTynneHHa MexocjioBauKHX bohck noa KOMaHaon reHepaji-jiefiTeHaHTa
M.K.^HTepHxca 29 hboh* 1918 roaa. B nepHoa CBepxeHHa BJiacTH Po3aHOBa bo
BjiaaHBOCTOKe A.A.KpaKOBeuKHH 6bm KOMeHaaHTOiw KpenocTH.
HanajibHHKOM uiTa6a cyxonyrabix h mopckhx chji Ha3HaneH reHepan-
Mafiop floMaHeBCKHii. fljia yao6cTBa ynpaBJieHHa BoKcKaMH peopraHH30BaHbi, c
15
cooTBeTCTEtyiomHMH Ha3Ha.HeHHHMH HanajibHHKOB, ynpaBJieHHe reHepaji-

KBaprapMeHcrepa (Ockojikob), ynpasJieHiae AexcypHoro renepajia (reHepaji-

Maiiop PoMaHOB), rnaBHoe ynpaBJieHHe BoeHHbix coo6meHHH (nounoJiKOBHHK
LUhthkob), BoeHHO-caKHTapHoe ynpaBJieHHe, BoeHHo-BexepHHapHoe ynpaBJie-
HHe, BoeHHo-HHaceHepHoe ynpaBJieHHe (reHepaji-neflTeHaHT XeftcKaHeH; 3aMeHeH
8 MapTa Kop>«eHeBCKHM), BoeHHO-MOpcKoe ynpaBJieHHe uiTa6a (BacHJiteB-
fly6poBCKHH). TjiaBHbiM HaHanbHHKOM cHa63KeHHH Ha3HaneH reHepaji-Maiiop
HenocpeacTBeHHoe ynpaBJieHHe mopckhmh CHJiaMH ocymecTBJiaji
<E»ejiopoB.
MopcKofi niTa6 (icanHTaH 2-ro paHra JliOTep).
KoMaHayiomHM aeflcTByiomeH apMHefi Ha3HaneH A.<£>.KonbiJioB-AHflpeeB,
HananbHHKOM ero niTa6a - H.r.EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH, ocTaBaBUJHHca ojiHOBpe-
MeHHO HanajibHHKOM BoeHHo-peBOJifoiwoHHoro uiTa6a h KOMamiHpoM 3Kcne,n,H-
UHOHHoro OTpaAa (no Ha3HaHeHHH HaMajibHHKOM Xa6apoBCKoro paiiOHa).
CorjiacHO npnKa3y BoeHHoro CoBeTa M> 21 ot2 MapTa 6hjih OTMeHeHbi
crapbie bohhckhc 3BaHHa, bbcjwho o6pameHHe BoeHHocjiyKamHX apyr k apyry
"TOBapHm" H BBejJ,eHbI OTJIHHHTeJIbHbie 3HaKH B BHAe KpaCHOH naTHKOHeHHOH
3Be3abi Ha JiesoM pyxaBe rHMHacTepKH h uihhcjih pa3MepoM b ABa c nojiOBHHOH
AiOHMa, a Ha nanaxax h (pypaacxax - b oahh akjhm.
ripHMopcKaa o6jiacrb 6wJia pa3AeiieHa Ha BoeHHbie paftoHbi: HnKOJibCK-
YccypHHCKHH (A.O.AnapeeB, nojiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiH 5I.K. KoKyuiKHH); HMa-
HO-CnaccKHfi (H.M.rieB3Hep, nojiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiH H.M. CnGHpueB); Xa6a-
PObckhh (H.r.EynraKOB-EejibCKHH, nojiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiH A.B.Ctoshobhh);
OJibritHCKHH OTfleji BjiajjHBocTOKCKoro pafioHa (Il.H.HBaHOB); Kpenocrb Bjia-
Ahboctok (reHepan-Manop K.A.TpaBHHKOB, nojiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiH
B. M.CH6HpueB - ao Ha3HaneHHH b Bochhhh Cobct). Ch6hpckoh (JmoTHJiHeii

craji KOMaHflOBaTb H.H.HepHHJiOBCKHH-CoKOJi c HanajibHHKOM HiTa6a

C. O.TbipTOBMM 35 .

ripn BoeHHOM CoBere 6hji co3«aH noJiHTHHecKHfi oTjieji, KOTOpbiH c 1

MapTa B03rjiaBjiHJi B.n. BjiaflHBOCTOKOB, ero cmchhji P.A.Hchtjihh. n.C. Ilap-
4>eHOB 6mji Ha3HaneH noJiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiM npH KOMaHflyiomeM BOHCKaMH
A.A. KpaKOBeuKOM*.
Cyxonyrnbie BoiicKa dpopumpoBaJiHCb b bochhwx pafioHax no 6pHraflHoK
crpyKType, 3a HCKJuoMeHHeM Xa6apoBCKa, me {popMHpoBajiacb AHBH3Ha.
EbiJiH apopMHpOBaHM cneAyiomHe coeAHHeHHa h nacTH.
1 OraejibHaa flajibHeBocrOHHaa cipejiKOBaa 6pHraaa (c6p) b cocraBe: 1

CnaccKHH crpejiKOBbiH 6aTajibOH (c6h; BapaHOB), 1 HMaHCKHii c6h (MenexHH), 2

HMaHCKHfl c6h (^pouieHKo), 3 HMaHCKHH c6h (rypKo), 2 Jieraaa 6aTapea, Yccy-
pHHCKHH »cejie3Hoaopo)KHbiH 6aTanbOH h HMaHCKaa canepHaa poTa.
QraenbHaa YccypHHCKaa c6p (Ko3Jiob; Hill - PaTHeK) b cocTaBe: 33 en
(CaaoBHHKOB, 3aTein OpJios h nocjie 5 anpejia - HyMaK), HHKOJibCK-YccypHflcKHH

*
npHKasoM N° 26 c 3 MapTa 1920 rojia noJiHTynojiHOMOHeHHbiM ripn KOMaitayfomeM boh-
(Thtob). ToHHaa flara
cicaMH Ha xeppHTopMM BpeMeHHoro npaBHtejibCTBa 6bm Ha3HaieH rorojiea
Ha3HaHeHHfl riap4)eHOBa He ycTaHOBJieHa. Bo Bjuuhboctok H3 KuTas oh npH6bw 14 MapTa.
16
cn (CeMOHKHH, c 12.02 - Cyp6a), 3 flajibHeBocroHHbiH c6h (c<i>opMHpoBaH h3 2-ro
jierynero nap-rorpaaa nopraarHHa), 1 AajibHeBOCTOHHbiH KaBanepHHCKHH noJiK
(Bo^bCKHfi;c4>opMHpoBaH H3 6biBinero KOHHO-erepcKoro nojiKa poTMHcrpa
YCCypHHCKHH apTHJUiepHHCKHH nOJIK (K03JIOBCKHH), HHHCeHepHblH
BpaUITCJIfl),

AHBH3HOH (IleTpeHKo), 1 oxnejibHaa noneBaa paaHOCTaHiwa (Bhxjihhucb), roc-

nHTaJib (Cejie3HeB).
OrjuejibHaa IlpHMopcKafl c6p (IleTpoB, HIII - IlaBJioB) b cocraBe: 2 /Janb-
hcboctomh biH kohhmh name (HeicpacoB; H3 6biBniero 2 KaBnonica h lacm 4
flajibHeBOCTo^Horo KaBnojiKa), 34 cn (6biBiiiHH 34 Ch6hpckhh cn), 32 cn
(SbiBiiiHH 32 Ch6hpckhh cn), ITpHMopcKHH aparyHCKHH nonK (KoHOBanoB), 1

OraejibHaa Jiencaa apr6aTapea (c(J>opMnpoBaHa H3 oco6oh rayoHHHoH 6aTapen).

AMypcKaa c6p BKJiiOHajia b ce6a: 1 h 2 flanbHeBocroHHbie c6h, TopHo-
CynaHCKHH 6aTajibOH (Bee TpH o6i>eOTHeHH b OjibrHHCKHfi otacji BjiajrHBocTOK-
CKoro pafioHa; n.HsaHOB), 35 en (3otob, BapaHOB h c 10 anpena KynpeccoB), 1
^anbHeBOCTOHHWH napTH3aHCKHH nOJIK (HjIblOXOB), AMypCKHH apTHJUiepHHCKHH
noJiK (IUpaa6ep; c<popMHpOBaH Ha 6a3e 6biBinero apTflHBH3HOHa nojiKOBHHKa
•JJe^opoBa).
riocne BcryiuieHHH b Xa6apoBCK H.r.ByjiraKOB-BejibCKHH cran Ha iianbHH-
kom Xa6apoBCKOro BoeHHO-peBOJiiouHOHHoro urra6a h KOMaHiryiomHM cobct-
ckhmh BOMCKaMH Xa6apoBCKoro paiioHa. npeace^aTejieM BoeHHoro KOMHeca-
pwaTa BeneweB. EbiJiH cdpopMHpoBaHM 1 XaSapoBCKHfi peBOJiioiiHOHHbiH
craji
cn, AMypcKHH aparyHCKHiinoiiK (IleTpoB-TeTepHH, oh we HanajibHHK Xa6apoB-
CKoro rapHH30Ha), jjoyKOMnneKTOBaH 36 cn (MenbHHKOB), AprarmepHHCKaa ko-
MaHfla (FlypnypoBCKHH; c(J)opMHpoBaHa h3 6biBinero apmojiKa), MopcKaa pora
(Ehhkob), b cocraB ahbh3hh TaioKe 6biJiH BKmoneHbi 1 TynryccKHH napTH3aH-

ckhh oTpa/i (UleBHyK), napTOTpa,a Xa6apoBCKoro ye3fla (EoHKO-IlaBJioB), roc-

CornacHo npHKa3y N° 1
nHTajib. or 16 MapTa 1920 roaa see bohhckhc nacTH Xa-
6apoBCKoro pafiona HMeHOBaJiHCb cobctckhmh.
KpoMe Toro, b cocrraB HapoflHO-peBonrouHOHHbix bohck ripHMopcKoii 06-
nacTH BxoflHJiH: BjiaflHBOCTOKCKHM KpenocTHoii nonK (PyKOcyeB-OpabiHCKHH),
OTflenbHMM SaTajibOH h OTflejibHaa KpenocTHaa poTa, PyccKHH jieraoH H3
OpaHUHH (3aropcKHH-CxaineBHH), Ka3a4bH CHJibi nojiraBCKoro h rpoaeKOBCKO-
ro CTaHHHHbix OKpyroB (IIIeBieHKO) b cocraBe Ka3anbeH cothh, nexoTHoro 6a-
TajibOHa, 1 3a6afiKajibCKOH h 1 YccypHHCKOH Ka3anbnx 6aTapefi, 6aTajibOH Mop-
ckhx crpejiKOB, 3 3a6aftKajibCKOH ica3aHHK noJiK (LUecTaKOB), aB-ro,anBH3noH
(TapTOpblHCKHH), BjiaflHBOCTOKCKHH KpenOCTHOH CKJiaA, HHKOJIbCK-
yccypHHCKHH apTCKJiaa, nacTH cHa6weHHa h o6ecneneHHa. K BoeHHO-yne6HMM
3aBejeHHaM OTHoemmcb: 1 AprajuiepHHCKoe ynHUHiue (IleTpoB), YHe6HO-
HHCTpyKTOpcKaa uiKOJia (MeflBeaeB), BoeHHO-aBHauHOHHaa uiKOJia flajibHero
BocTOKa (Hbkob; 20 caMoneroB), Ka^eTCKHH Kopnyc, yHe6Hbiii acene3HOflopo3c-
HbiH 6aTanbOH. BpoHeBbie CHnti 6binw npeflCTaBneHbi 6poHenoe3flaMH
"EflHHeHHe Pocchh", "OcBoGoflHrejib", "BeccTpainHbiii", 'Tp03Hbifi", JV9 3
("KoMMyHHcr"). 06maa HHcneHHOcrb cyxonyxHofi apMHH npeBbiraana xcuibKO no
uiTbinaM 25000 36 .

2480 17
 fljia KOHTpona 3a AeaTenbHOCTbio KOMaHflHoro cocraBa h BocnHTaHHH
conaaT b jjyxepeBOJnouHOHHbix imeH bo Bee Hacra snnOTb ao pOTbi 6hjih Ha3Ha-
neHbi nojiHTHHecKHe ynojiHOMOHeHHbie 37 .

KaK ywe roBopujiocb Bbime, 4-5 anpena anoHCKHe bohcks HaHecym yaap no
BOHCKaM PC<I>CP B IlpHMOpCKOH o6jiaCTH. B XOfle 3TOH MOJIHHeHOCHOH BOHHM
KOMaHflyiomHH A.A.KpaKOBeuKHM ox^aji npnKa3 bohck3m He 0Ka3btBarb conpo-
THBJieHHH anOHUaM H no B03MO>KHOCTH yXOAHTb H3 ropOAOB B COnKH.
KoMaH^iHp 13 nexoTHoft ahbh3hh reHepan HncHKaBa 06 anpejibCKHx co-
6biTnax Hanncaji KHnry "Hctophs ChShpckoh 3KcneAHUHH". Co CKpynyjie3HO-
CTbio xopomero iHTa6HCTa eiye ao Haiajia 6oeBbix achctbhh, npn hx nnaHHpo-
BHHHH, B MapTe OH nOflCHHTaJl COOTHOUieHHe pyCCKHX H anOHCKHX bohck, nOKa-
3aB> HTO CHUbl 6oJIbIIieBHKOB (TaK OH Ha3bIBaJI HapOAHO-peBOHK)UHOHHbie BOH-
CKa) npeBocxo/tHJiH anoHCKHe. OGmwe mHjppbi no ropoAaM BnaflHBOCTOK, Hh-
KOJibCK-yccypHMCKHH, CnaccK, HMaH h cenaM Pa3AOJibHoe h UIkotobo 6mjih
cjieflyiomHMH (b CKo6Kax noKa3aHbi anoHCKHe BOHCKa): nexoTa - 16600 (5400),
KaBajiepHa - 1650 (200), canepbi - 500 (400), nyneMeTbi - 84 (54), noneBbie opyAHa
- 26 (16), TH>Kenbie opyAHa - 9 (-), 6poHenoe3fla - 3 (-), 6poHeaBTOMo6njin - 6 (-),

caMoneTbi - 21 (-), cKopocTpejibHbie nyniKH - y anoHueB 1 1, y pyccKHX HeT, mhho-

mctob y anoHueB 4, y pyccKHX Her38 .

B uejioM oueHKa anoHCKoro reHepana Sbina BepHoft, HucneHHoe h tcxhh-

necKoe npeBocxoflCTBO 6bmo Ha pyccKOM cropoHe, h ecjiH 6bi 6bm npHKa3 Ha Be-
AeHHe 6oeBbix fleiicTBHH, to eme HeH3BecrHO, Ha Hbefi CTopoHe 6bma 6w no6eaa.
A TaK nonynnnocb, hto no^TH 6e3HaKa3aHH0 anoHUbi y6HBajiH pyccKHX cojiaaT.
B Hhk ojibCKe-Y ccy pHHCKOM 6bmo y6HTO 552 nenoBeKa h 1552 b3«to b nneH, Ha
CTaHUHH OKeaHCKaa y6HTO 30 nenoBeK, b IIIkotobo y6nT0 265 h paHeHo 656, b
Pa3,«OJibHOM y6HTO okojio 100 HenoBeK, b CnaccKe - okojio 400. To<moe hhcjio
y6HTbix bo BnaAHBocTOKe He 6bmo ycTaHOBjieHo 39 B IIIkotobo, npii6biB b uiTa6
.

pyccKHX ana neperoBopoB o CAane opyKHfl, snoHUbi uiTbiKaMH nepeKOJiojiH Ha-

XOAHBIUHXCa TaM KOMaHAHpOB 40 .

B XaGapoBCKe 14 anoHCKaa ahbh3hh Ha iia.na SoeBbie AeHCTBHS b 9 nacoB

30 MHHyT, KorAa b uiTa6e H.r.EyjiraKOBa-EejibCKoro yyme 3HajiH o coSmthhx bo
BnaaHBOCTOKe h HMKOJibCKe-YccypHHCKOM h 6mjih co6paHbi KOMaHAHpbi HacTefi
ana Bbipa60TKH KaKoro-TO peuieHHa. OrcyTCTBHe KOMaHAHpOB b nacTax He no-
3bojihjio HanaTb opraHH30BaHHbie 6oeBbre AeficTBHa no OTpa*eHHK) HanaaeHHa
anoHueB, ho c B03BpameHHeM hx k cojiaaTaM 3aBA3ajiHCb o>KecTOHeHHbie 6oh, b
xoae KOTopbix anoHUbi noTepajiH y6HTbiMH 5 o<j>HuepoB, 77 cojmaT k 6buio pa-
HeHo 7 o(pHuepoB h 177 coiraaT. y6nTbix »ce HapoaoapMefiueB 6bmo noao6paHO
okojio 400 Ten, nneHeHHbix OKa3ajiocb okoho 1200. ilnoHuaM yaajiocb 3axBaTHTb
6poHenoe3A h 3HaHHTejibHoe kojihhcctbo apTHnjiepniicKHX opyflHH.
OTCTynHBiuHe ot BiraAHBOCTOKa, Pa3flOJibHoro h IIIkotobo HapoAHO-
peaoJiiouHOHHbie BOHCKa ABHHyjmcb b ceBepHOM HanpaBJieHHH, 0Kpy>KHJiK ropoA
CnaccK, 3aHflTbiii anoHiiaMH, H 7, 8, 14, 16 h 17 anpena nbiTairncb OBJiaAeTb hm,

ho 6e3ycneuiHO. OTCTynnnH 3a Cbhhphho, rAe o6pa30Bajin 4ipoHT, o6pameHHHH

18
B crropoHy CnaccKa, HHOneHHocTbio okojio 9000 lejioBeic. KoMaHflywmHM craji
/^.O.KonbijiOB-AHapeeB.
K wry ot o3epa XaHKa ocTanacb rpynna IMIIeBieHKo HHcneHHOCTbio no
1500 HeJioBeK 41 .

OTCTynHBiuHe ot Xa6apoBCKa b kwkhom HanpaBneHHH o6pa30BajiH Xa6a-

pOBCKHH lJ>pOHT B paHOHe KpaCHOH PeHKH. 3tHM (JipOHTOM HeKOTopoe BpeMH
KOMaHflOBan H.r.BynraKOB-BejibCKHH.
1 8 anpejin b ropoae MiviaH (,H,ajibHepeHeHCK) Ha o6i.eAHHeHHOM co6paHHH

HJieHOB HcnojiHHTejibHbix KOMHTeTOB h OTBexcTBeHHbix pa6oTHHKOB HinaHCKoro,

CnaccKOro, HHKOJibCK-yccypHMCKoro h BjiaflHBOCTOKCKoro paftoHOB 6biJio npH-
h$ito peuieHHe 06 o6pa30BaHHH BpevieHHoro PeBOJuouHOHHoro KoMHTCTa (BPK)
ripHMopcKofi o6jiacra. npeAceAaieneM npe3HflHyina cran il.K.KoKyiiiKHH, 3a-
MecrHTejieM - B.E.^yMKHH, ceKpeTapeM - HB.Cjihhkhh, HjienaMH: Thhtobhh,
TT. 3ajiyuKHH, H.r.ByjiraKOB-EenbCKHH, A.<t>.AHapeeB h HjibrouiHH42 .

Ha ynacTKe ot CBHarHHa no XaGapOBCKa o6pa30Bajicst Xa6apoBCKO-

CnaccKHH paftoH, r#e BJiacTb <J>aKTHHecKH 6biJia coBercKOH.
21 anpena BPK npHHHn peiueHHe pacnojioacHTb BOHcica cueayiomHM o6pa-
30m: craHUHH Cbhhfhho - 200 nejioBeK nexoTbi, 25-35 KaBajiepucroB; UJniaKOBKa
- 200 nexoTHHueB h 6p0Henoe3,a co 1 50 HenoBeicaMH; CTaHUHa Yccypn - 400 Heno-

BeK, Ha Kop4)obckoh - 400 nexoraHueB, 80 KaBajiepHCTOB, flBa 6poHenoe3aa, Ha

BepHHo H b ^opMH/iOHTOBKe - no 200 nexoTHHueB h KaBajiepHCTOB 43 OcranbHbie
.

BOHCKa no.nnexca.jiH nepeBony Ha JieBWH 6eper AMypa, a nacTb pacnycKanacb no

flOMain fljifl-opraHH3auHH napTH3aHCKofi SopbQbi.
XapaKTepHo, hto b OnbrHHCKOM ye3fle (b Hero bxoahjih h paKoHbi BnaflH-
BOCTOKa h CynaHCKOH jjojihhm) 6bm co3AaH PafloHHbiH PeBOjnomioHHbiH uiTa6
(PP11I), Ha neiaTH KOToporo 6bma Haanncb "OjibrHHCKHH PaHOHHbiH PeBOJiro-
UHOHHbiH lllTaS" m B cep&iiHue "P.C.$.C.P." M Ohh He oraenajiH ce6a ot CoBeT-
.

ckoh Pocchh, cneaoBarejibHO, hhohhh Be™ BofiHy npoTHB CoBeTCKoro rocyaap-

CTBa h He cKpbiBajiH aroro, b to BpeMa KaK MHorae coBpeMeHHbie hctophkh
CTbiAnHBO Ha3bmaiOT 3Ty BoiiHy "anoHCKHM BbicrynjieHHeM".
H.r.ByjiraKOB-BejibCKHH 6hji Ha3HaneH KOMaHn,yioiHHM BoiicKaMH IlpH-
MOpCKOH o6jiaCTH, a KOMaHflyiOlHHM BOHCKaMH npH(})pOHTOBOH HOJlOCbl
(Xa6apoBCKO-CnaccKHM $pohtom) c 24 anpena 6mji Ha3HaqeH Bjwwmhp MBa-
hobhh KynpeccoB, Smbuihh o<J)nu,ep uapCKOH apMHH, cjiy»HBUinS b MpKyxcKe Ha
KpacHbix Kypcax KOMcocTaBa HHcrpyKTopoM h KOMaHnnpOM 6aTajibOHa no nan.e-
Hua CoBeTCKOH BJiacra, c 10 ace anpena 1920 ro.ua oh 6mji KOManitHpOM 35
CTpenKOBoro nonKa, noKa3aBinero o6pa3eu nHCinmJiHHHpoBaHHOCTH b xofle 6oeB
C JinOHUaMH. H3 HCTOpHH PoCCHHCKOH Tpa^aHCKOH BOHHbl H HHTepBeHHHH ne-
pnofl cymecTBOBaHHa Xa6apoBCKO-CnaccKoro 4>poHTa K aK 6w Bbinaji, a hms
B.H.KynpeccoBa Hanpo4b 3a6biTo 45 .

B anpejibCKHX co6biTHax Bbi3biBaeT HeaoyMeHHe no3HHHa BoeHHoro CoBe-

Ta, h b nepByio onepejib 3aMecTHTena npeaceaaTejia - C.r.Jla30. KoMaHflyiomHH
A A.KpaKOBeuKHfi b BoeHHOM CoBere nonb30Bajica jiHuib npaBOM coBemaTejib-
Horo ronoca, npeAceAaTenb BC A.C.MeflBeaeB He 6wn BoeHHbiM hcjiobckom, h
ochobhoh Bee hm£hh JIa30, JlyuKHH h CH6HpueB. Ohh »e CflaflHCb Ha MHJIOCTb
no6eaHTenH h oTaajiH npHKa3 caaBaTb opywne 6e3 conpOTHBJieHHa H tojibko
.

TaM, rae Hapo;wo-peBOJiiouHOHHbie BoficKa BonpeKH npHKa3y HanajiH oTBeqaTb

Ha oroHb anoHueB, Te noHeoiH noTepw, a b ocTajibHbix cnynaax uuio 6e3Haica-
3aHHOe y6HHCTBO pyCCKHX BOHHOB. riapTH3aHH OJlH03HaHHO rOBOpHJIH, HTO HX
npeaann, h ohh 6wnH a6cojnoTHO npaBbi. Cnanana hx npeflann, Koraa noacyHy-
jih 3eMCKyio BJiacrb BMecro Cobctckoh, 3a KOTOpyio ohh npojiHBa™ KpoBb b
60-
ax c HHTepBeHTaMH h 6enorBap,neHU[aMH. IIotom bmcihhh KOMaHflHbifi cocraB
caMoycrpaHaeTca ot pyKOBoaCTBa BoiicKaMH b KpHraqecicyio MHHyxy, npanacb b
nrra6e nexocjiOBaKOB, hjih cflaexca b njieH noa BbiMbiuuieHHtiMH HineHaMH
(CT.JIa30 caajica noa HMenein npanopmnica Ko3neHKo), hto6h cnacTH cboh
HCH3HH.
BnojiHe ecrecTBeHHO, hto ocHOBHaa Macca bohck crpeMHJiacb yHTH Ha ne-
6eper AMypa, rae 6bina CoBercKaa BJiacTb, r&e co3aaBanacb 6oecnoco6Haa
Bbifi

apMHa c pemnrejibHbiMH pyKOBOflHTejiaMH...

B 3anaflHOM 3a6afiKaJibe HapoAHo-peBOJiiouHOHHbie BOHcica roTOBHUHCb
ko BTOpOMy HacrynneHHio Ha Hnry. Illno nepe^opMHpoBaHHe qacTefl c Hapamn-
BaHHeM hx moihh. Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a JMs 74 26 anpena H3 3 c6p 1 HpKyTCKofi
AHBH3HH H 3a6aHKajIbCKOH CTpCJIKOBOH AHBH3HH 6bIJia C<J)OpMMpOBaHa 2 HpKyT-
cKaa flHBH3HH, HanajibHHKOM KOTopoii CTa;i K.A.HeiiMaH (c 8 Maa - IlaBJioB), Ha-
HaJIbHHKOM IHTa6a - BaTKHH, BOeHHMM KOMHCCapOM - .S.n.iKHrajiMH.
06e AHBH3HH HMejiH no flBe crpenKOBbix 6pwraAbi TpexnonKOBoro cocTa-
Ba, no KaBaiiepHHCKOMy nojiKy, muKeHepHOMy 6aTajn»0Hy h apraJLtiepHHCKHe 6a-
rapeH. HpKyrcKaa oTflenbHas KaB6pHraaa nepe({)opMHpoBWBaeTca b OTflenbHyro
3a6aflKajibCKyH) KaB6pnraAy {CicypaTOB - c 20.5.20 r.) b cocraBe 1 h 2 KaBnoji-
kob h 3 3a6aHKanbCKoro Ka3anbero nomca (np. >fe 20 - 5.4.20 r.). #hbh3hoh 6po-
Henoe3aoB HMen 6poHenoe3,aa "KoMMyHHCT", "KpacHbifi opeji", "KpacHbiM 6o-
eu".
Brapaa HHTHHCKaa onepaiwa, npoxoflHBmaa c 25 anpena no 5 Maa, BHOBb
OKOHHHJiacb Heyflanefi. BMeniarejibCTBO anoHueB cnacno ceMeHOBCKHe Hacra ot
pa3rpoMa. HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHaa apMHa ABP HMejia yKa3aHHe He BCTynaTb b
6oh c anoHuaMH.
5 Maa coraacHO npHKa3y Nb 93 Havana 4>opMHpoBaTbca 3 CH6npcKaa m-
BH3Ha noa KOMaHflOBamieM A.H.CyH(J>y, ho noCKOJibKy 6mji oJ>opMHpoBaH Bcero
jihihb ooth nojnc, to b aBrycTe yra .HHBHsna 6wiia paofcopMHpoBaHa.
ITo cocToaHHK) Ha 11 Maa IIlTa6 rjiaBHOKOMaHayromero r.X.3Kxe co Bce-
mh HHcneKunaMH h ynpaBJieHHaMH HacMHTWBan 450 HenoBeic, 1 HpKyrcKaa zwbh-
3Ha - 5786 HejiOBeK, 2 HpKyTCKaa warnm* - 5916, 3 Cn6HpCKaa flHBH3Ha - 451,
OTAejibHaa KaBanepHHCKaa 6pnrafla - 630, Ha 6poHenoe3flax - 252, b aBHanacrax
- 234, b 3anacHtix Hacrsx - 1380 HejiOBeK. Bcero we 6bino 15027 HejioBeK, 6e3

yneTa TbuiOBbix HacTefi HPA 46 .

C 12 Maa apMHa crana Ha3biBaxbca HapoflHO-peBoniouHOHHaa apMHa

20
 20 Mas AwiypCKHH o6kom napran Bbmec peuieHHe o noanepacice oojihthkh
qK PKI1(6) b opraHH3auHH ABP, hto aKTHBH3HpoBano fleaTenbHoCTb h TjiaBHo-
K oMaHflyiomero HPA T.X.3Hxe no
yjiynmeHHio opraHH3auHOHHOH cTpyKTypw.
22 m2lh oh oxaaeT npKKa3 KOMaHayiomeMy BocTOHHO-3a6afiKajibCKHM
Xa6apoBCKa ao CpereHCKa o6i>eaHHHTb b
(JjpoHTOM /J.C.HlHJioBy Bee BOitaKa ot
AMypCKHH (jppOHT* C nOflHHHeHHeM eMy TaK*e BCeX napTH3aHCKHX OTpjIflOB. ITpH
stom c4>opMHpoBan> 1 AMypcKyro flHBH3nio H3 bohck, aeHCTByiomHX Ha Xa6a-

POBckom HanpaBJieHHH, h 2 AMypcKyro ahbh3hk) b 3ananHOH qacrH AMypcKOH

o6nacTH, b Boctohhom 3a6aHKanbe - 3a6aiu<ajibCKyio Ka3anbio ahbh3Hio h
AMypcKyio KaBajiepHHCicyio 6pHraay.
PeuieHHein AivtypcKoro BoeHHO-peBOjnouHOHHoro KOMHTGTa BoeHHbifi ko-
MHccapHaT o6jiacxH 6bm npeo6pa30BaH b uiTa6 KOManayiomero HapoaHo-
peBOJiiouHOHHbiMH BOHCKaMH AMypcKOH o6nacrH. KoMamiyiomMM BMecro
H.r.Be3poAHbix 6bin Ha3HaneH B.B.CMarHH, a b Hanajie hiojiji - .U.C.IIIhjiob.
PacnopaxceHHeM AMypcKoro PeBKoiua ot 6 hiohji 1920 roaa Boctohhmh
(Xa6apoBCKnfi) 4>poHT noanwHeH TnaBKOMy HPA JlfiV. Ha ocHosaHHH npHKa3a
jvfo 1 ot 6 HK>Hfl 1920 roaa Boflcxa BocrOHHoro ifcpOHTa 6hjih nepeHMeHOBaHw: 1,

2, 4 CoBercKHe cn crraJiH cooTBeTCTBeHHO 5, 6, 7 no.iKaMH HPA, 1 h 6 HeoTflejib-

Hbie 6aTanbOHbi crrajiH 1 h 6 HeoraeJibHbiMH 6aTajibOHaMH HPA, mhhho-

noApwBHas KOMaHAa, HHiKenepHaji pora, 1 h 2 apT6aTapen, ray6HHHbifi b3boa, 1
KaBanepHi4cKHH noJiK h caHHtapHHH noe3a k cbohm Ha3BaHHaM ao6aBHJiH
"HPA". C 15 hiohh 5 TyHryccKHH nojiK nonyHHJi Ha3BaHHe 8 TynryccKoro nonica
HPA. H3 HeoTflejibHbix 6aTanbOHOB 6bin ccpopMHpoBaH 9 nojiK HPA
(Ka3aH)KH) 47 .

12npHcrynHJiH k cj)opMHpoBaHHK> 1 AMypcKoii ahbh3hh. 14 hiojm b

hiojiji

npHKa3e Ms 1 no AinypcKOM ca 6bmo o6T.flBjr.eHo, hto ee HanajibHHKOM JiBJiJieTCJi

C.M.CepbimeB, a HanajibHHKOM un-aSa - * Hctomhh, bochkomom -
n.n.nocTbimeB. B cocraB ahbh3hh boiiijih: 1 c6p (OaaeeB)** 2 c6p (OjieroHTOB; ,

c 7 aBrycra - neTpoB-TeTepHH), 3 c6p (Ka3aH>KH). CrpenKOBbie norncH nojiytnuiH

HyMepauHK) cootbctctbchho c 1 no 9. 30 hiojiji A.K.OneroHTOB 6hji Ha3HaneH
HaHanbHHKOM AHBH3HH BMecTO C.M.CepbiuieBa, KOTopbm 20.08.20 r. cTan ko-
MaHflyiomHM AMypCKHM (ppOHTOM BMecTO ^.C.IIlHJiOBa, CTasmero uieHOM npa-
BHTejibCTBa. B Hione h aBrycrre AMypcKHM ppOHTOM BpeMeHHO KOManaoBan
^.n.^CHrajiHH.
OTAenbHaa AMypcnaji KaB6pwraaa (MejibHHKOB 21-27.7.20 r., Kejibiua-
1

hob - r.) 6buia o6pa30BaHa no np. N° 29 ot 21 hiojiji 1920 r. b cocraBe 3,

c 27.7.20
4, 5 KaBnojiKOB cooTBeTCTBeHHO H3 6biBinHX 1, 2 h 4 KaBnonKOB 1 noBcraHie-
ckoh CosercKOH KaBAHBH3HH, 3 3anacHbiii nojiK ee 6bui pedpopMHpoBaH. Haian-
By 1 AMypcKOH ca noaiHHajiHCb 3 3a6aHKanbCKHH KaBnojiK (TpyxHH) h 1 Aniyp-
CKHH KaBHOJIK (ApTK>XOBCKHfi), C^OpMHpOBaHHbie COOTBeTCTBeHHO H3 3 3a6aH-

'
npKKaoOM Nb 91 ot 22.04.20 r. fl.C.IllHJioB 6bw Ha3HaneH KOMannyiomHM AMypcKHM
PpOHTOM.
" 1 c6p cctiopMHpoEaHa M3 6biBUiefi 1 AMypcKoii CoBeTCKoii nexoTHoK jwbhshk
WeMMHKOB - jio 20.7.20 r.), 2 H 3 c6p c<popMHpoBaHbi H3 BoftcK BocToiKoro 4>poHTa.
KaJibCKoro aTaMaHaCeMeHOBa nojixa (IIIecxaKOB) h 1 .TJajibHeBOCxoHHoro KaB-
AprannepHa ,hhbh3Hh 6buia npe.acxaB.neHa 1, 2, 3 apxSaxapeaMH h ray-
noxtKa.
6HHHMM AHBH3HOHOM 48 .

KpOMe Toro, b ahbh3hh 6bUiH poTa CBH3H, HHHceHepHaa poia, pa3BepHyxaa

b ceHTfl6pe b 6aTajibOH, h 3arpaflHxejibHbiH oxpafl.
KoMaHAHpoM 2 AMypcKOH AHBH3HH c 20 rnona cxan 6hbiuhh inxa6c-
KanHTaH B.A.IlonoB, ycneBiHHfi 3asoeBaxb aBxopnxex b panax KpacHofi ApMHH
h npn6biBmnH b pacnopaxeHHe AMypcKoro $poHTa b cocxaBe 3Kcnejwwn
fl.n.)Knraj[HHa, HanpaBJieHHOH H3 BepXHeyflHHCKa ana yKpeiuieima KOManziHbix
KaapoB. HanajibHHKOM nixaGa ahbh3HH craji ByjiaHOB (b nocncnyiomeM - CMHp-
HOB H TKHpaKOB). B COCTaB AHBH3HH BOIIMH 4 c6p (PoMauioB - c 20.7 - ?), 5 c6p
(TaiopcKHH - c 20.7 - ?), 6 c6p (Hcbojihh - c 20.7 - ?), no xpa nojiKa b Spnrafle, c
HyMepaiiHefi ot 10 ao 18* . HanflHBy 2 noflHHHaJWCb xaioice 6, 7 h 8 KaBnoJiKH 2-0
AMypcKOH KaB6pHraubi. 8 KaBnojnc eme aoBOJibHO flonro Ha3biBajiH napxmaH-
ckhm oxpa,noM "OrapHKa" b necxb ero KOMaHanpa A.H.EyxpHHa (CTapHK).
KaBanepHHCKHe Hacxn BocxoHHoro 3a6aHKanba 6biJin nepe<}>opMnpoBaHbi
no npHKa3y JMs 59 ot 19 Hiojia b KaBanepHHCKyio jihbhbhio (KopoxaeB) b cocxaBe
xpex 6pnraa: 1 KaB6pnraaa (Hkhmob; H1II - FlexejiHH), 2 KaB6pnrafla
(KoMoropneB; HUI - norpaneBCKHft), 3 KaBSpnraaa (OeaopoB; HUJ - JIobuob).
IlpHKa30M AMypcKoro 4>poHxa JNs 51 ox 27.7.20 r. 2 AMypcKaa oxaejibnaa KaB-
6pHraaa (P030B A.<I>. - c 27.7.20) c«i»opMHpoBaHa b cocxaBe 6, 7 h 8 AMypcKHx
KaBnojiKOB H3 KaBqacxeii, He BomeAUiHX b KaB/rtfBH3Hio KopoxaeBa.
B 6poHeBbie chum AinypcKoro cJjpoHxa BKJifOHajincb #Ba OTBH3HOHa (abh)
6poHenoe3flOB: 1 abh b cocxase 6pOHenoe3aoB Ns 1 ("3amHxa xpyaoBoro Hapo-
aa"), N° 5 ("KoMMyHHex"), N° 6 ("KpacHaa 3Be3«a"), 2 abh - N° 3, Na 2 ("Eopen 3a
cBo6oay"), JVfe 4 ("PeBOJiiouHOHep") h 10 xamcoB (BopoHnoB - ao 16.11.20; BpHO
KOMaHflHpa xaHKOBoro ^BH c 16.1 1.20 *lH6yHOBCKHH).
BoeBbie AeiicxBHa b anpene h Mae 1920 roaa npoxHB 6ejiorBapfleHneB h
anoHueB nOKa3ajiH, hxo u.enecoo6pa3HO HMexb b BOHCKax eAHHOHa^aJiHe. 23 Maa
BoeHHHH CoBex HPA 6bm ynpa3AHeH, h SbiBEiHH ero HJieH H.KToHqapoB c
3xoro ace Hucna Bcxynwi b flOJDKHoexb IloMrjTaBKOMa no noJiHXHHecKofi nacxH 49 .

LUxax nojiHxoxaena cocxaBHJi 12 qejioseic.

TeM He MeHee 10 mojia 6wji co3flaH BoeHHbiH CoBex AMypcKoro (frpoHxa b
cocxaBe rjiaBHOKOMaHAyromero c{>poHxoM JJ.C.UIwiOBa, fl.n.JKnrajiHHa h
C.r.BeneaceBa (yxBepjK^eH c 18.7.20 r.).

AKXHBHbie 6oeBbie fleftcxBHS HPA h napxH3aH BMHyzjHJiH anOHueB Ha Be-

AeHHe neperoBopoB, Koxopbie, xoxa h mim c xpy«oM h nepepbiBaMH, npHBejin k
nojxnncaHHio 15 Hiona jtoroBopa o npeKpameHHH 6oeBbix flencxBHii h 3BaKyannn
anOHueB H3 3a6aflKajiba, npoaojiacaBuieHca c 25 Hiona no 15 OKxa6pa. OnnmeH-
Hbie ox anOHueB ropoaa HepiHHCK h CpexeHCK Swuh 3aHaxbi BoficKaMii Aiwyp-
CKoro cftpoHTa uoa bhjiom noBcxaHnes, 6opiomHxca npoxwB aHXHHapoflHoro pe-
acHMa axaMaHa f.M.CeMeHOBa. BocxoHHo-3a6aHKanbCKHM ^pohxom (xaK npo-

"
BcKope KOMawwpaMH 4, 5 k 6 c6p CTauiM BapaHOB, BoHaapeB (c 6.10.20 r.), TyceB.
22
 .

Ha3wsaTb 3anaflHyio nacTb AMypcKoro 4>poHTa) c 6 Hiona no 11 ceH-

flOJi* 3 -™
Tfl6pa KOMaHAOBau B.B.JIoHflo (oh >Ke K.^.JIyKc), noKa He 6hji HanpaBjieH b ro-
pofl HHTy ana opraHH3auHn Boopy>KeHHoro BbicTynneHHa noBcraHueB AJia noa-
aepWKH bohck, KOTopwe AOJI5KHW 6buiH HanaTb HacrrynjieHHe Ha ropoA. Ha nocTy
K oMaHX(yiomero ^Pohtom cmchhji HanajibHHK 2 AMypcKofi ahbh3hh B.A.IIonoB,
oaHOBpeMeHHO ocraBaacb KOMaHAftpoM ahbh3HH. Hmchho BA.rionoBy npn-
uijiocb ocBo6o*flaTb HuTy ot bohck CeiueHOBa. B 3tom eiwy noMOrann Taxwe
naprn3aHbi. Jlim ycnneHHa 3anaAH0H rpynnbi bohck H3 1 AMypcKofi ahbh3hh b
pafioH 6oeBbix fleHCTBHH 6hjih nepeSpouieHbi 1 c6p (M.E.OaaeeB) h 2 c6p
(O A.rieTpoB-TeTepHH), a TaK>Ke apTAHBH3H0H h 6pOHenoe3A. C 30 hkmh 1
AMypcKOH flHBH3Hea KOMaHflOBaji A.K.OneroHTOB, cmchhbuihh C.M.CeptruieBa,
y6biBiuero aah BcrynjieHHa b AOJDKHOCTb KOMaHAyiomero AiviypcKHM 4>pohtom, b
HcnoJTHeHHe KOTopoii tot BcrynHJi c 20 aBrycrra.
OaMHJina HanajibHHKa urra6a AMypcKoro 4>poHTa no ao Ky MenraM npoxo-
Aht KaK H.n.BypHH h BypoB, a b HeKOTOpux BOcnOMHHaHHax h b KHHre
B.M.IIIepemeBCKoro "Pa3rpoM ceMeHOBmHHbi" - TonbKO BypoB*
HacTH AMypcKoro {jjpoHTa yTpoM 22 0KTa6pa BcryrauiH b Hnry, b koto-
poft c Be^epa 21 yace He 6mjio ceMeHOBueB h KanneneBiieB. 25 0KTa6pa b ^HTy
npn6bmo npaBHTejibCTBO J\BP.
IIojiKOCTbio «e 3a6aHKajibe 6wjio oqmueHo ot 6enbix 21 Hoa6pa, Koraa hx
nocjieflHHe nacra yuuiH b MaHbixypnio.
B to BpeMa, Koraa iuno HacTynneHHe h bboj bohck HPA b HwTy, Ha Xa-
6apoBCKOM HanpaBJieHHH TaK>Ke nponcxoAHJiH 3HaMeHaTejibHbie co6biTHa. B ro-
pOA Xa6apoBCK 23 OKTa6pa, oHHmeHHbiH ot anoHueB, Bouuia 3 crpenKOBaa 6pw-
raaa EBreHHa OoMHHa Ka3aH3KH H3 1 AiwypcKOH ahbh3HH A.K.<t>JieroHTOBa. Ho
eme paHbme, 17 OKTaSps, nepBbiM b ropofl Boineji 3HaMeHHTbiH PaKHTHHHCKHH
6aTajibOH noA KOMaHAOBaHneM 6biBinero uiTa6c-KannTaHa TpHropna BacHJibe-
BHna KoHapaTbeBa 50 BaTajibOH 6bm c<j)opMHpoBaH no npHKa3y JNs 3 ot 1 mona
.

1920 roaa KOMaHayiomero BoficKaMH ITpHMopcKOH o6jiacra M.r.EyjiraKOBa-

EejibCKoro H3 cojiaaT 33 cTpejiKOBoro nojiKa, MopcKHX OTpanoB EyTOBHMa h
CepacaHTa, KOMaHfl 6poHenoe3flOB "EflHHeHHe Pocchh" h 'Tpo3HMH", pa3JiHi-
hhx MenKHx KOMaHfl. B 6axajibOHe Smjio 4 poTbi h KOMaHAbi: canepHO-
noapbiBHaa, cbb3h, nemefi h kohhoh pa3BeAOK. IlepBbiM KovtaHAHpOM 6aTanbOHa
CTan H.M.IIlHHiMapeB. IIoCKOJibKy nocjie corjiauieHHH 29 anpensi c anoHuaMH
pyccKHe BOHCKa HaAJieacajio MMeTb 3a npeaenaMH 30-KHjioMeTpOBOH 30hw ot *e-
Jie3HOH aoporH, SaTanbOH 6bm pacKBaprapoBaH b cene PaKHTHOM, k BOCTOKy ot
ropofla MiviaH (AajibHepeieHCK). C Hecrrbio coxpaHHB 3Bamic napoflHO-
peBOJHOUHOHHMX BOHCK, SaTajTbOH flO 15 0KTfl6pSI npo6bm B PaKHTHOM, 3aTern
coBepumn Mapm ao r. HMaH h Ha napoxoae "JXyuaii" b cocraBe 304 hcjiobck npn
304 BHHTOBKax, 7 nyjieineTax, 60000 naTpoHOB, c 2 JiouiaAbMH h 500 nyaaMH rpy-

'
B ccHTH6pe-HO!!6pe 1920 r. BPHfl Hill AMypcKoro <}>poKTa 6mji Bypos AneKcaaap AneK-
caHjipoBMM. BypoB A.A. c 8 Hoa6pa no 17 hoh6ph 1920 r. 6uji HaiajibHHKOM iiiTa6a 2 AMypcKofl
apMHH. Zlo^jKHocTb caan 17.11.20 r. BypOBy B.H., KOTopbifl b cbokj oiepe«b caaji AOJixHocTb 6
MapTa 1921 r. UlKO^HHy A.A.
23
 . .

3a npn6i>in h Bbirpy3HJicH 17 oicxa6pa HanpucxaHH ropoaa Xa6apoBCKa. OKKy-

naiwa Xa6apOBCKa siiohckhmh BofiCKaMH 3aKOHHnnaci> 51 .

B HiOHe H.r.BynraKOB-BenbCKHH y6bia b CoBeTCKyio Pocchio ana nocxyn-

jieHHfl b aKaaeMHio, ho noxoM B03Bpaxnaca Ha jUajibHHH Boctok.

C 29 Mas ynpaBJifliomnM BeaoMCXBOM BoeHHbix h MOpCKMX aea CTan

B.r.BojMbipeB b CBoeo6pa3HOM 6y$epe ox Xa6apoBCKa ao BnaaHBocxoKa, hto
co3aaBaao HeonpefleneHHOCTi. b KOMaHaoBaHHH BOHCKaMH. Ilocjie oxx>e3aa
H.r.EyjiraKOBa-B&nbCKoro sxa HeonpeaeneHHOCTb 6bma ycxpaHeHa...
JlHKBHflaUHfl «HHXHHCKOH npo6KH», 32HaXHe TOpOfla Xa6apOBCKa BOHCKa-
MH HPA npeaonpeaeJiwiH aajibHefimyio peopraHH3auHio apMHH. CorciacHo npw-
Ka3y No 4 ot 8 Hoa6pa 6buiH c«J)opMHpoBaHbi 1 3a6aHKajibCKaa apMHH (b npaMOM
noAHHHeHHH r.X.Sfixe) h 2 AiwypcKaa apMHa (C.M.CepbimeB, HannonHxoxaejia -
n.n.IlocTbiuieB, HIII - A.A.EypoB, c 17 Hoa6pa - B.H.BypOB).
B cocraB 1 3a6aHKam>CKOH apMHH boiujih: 1 HHXHHCKaa crpejiKOBaa ahbh-
3na (0>.A.CxpyxoB; afcopMHpOBaHa H3 6wBuiefi 1 HpKyxcKOit ambh3hh), 2 Bepx-
HeyflHHCKaa ca (B.A.rK>abiiro4>; SbiBiuaa 2 HpKyxcicaa anBH3Ha), 3 AMypcKaa ca
(B.A.rionoB; 6biBinaa 2 AMypcKaa AHBH3na); Bee ahbh3hh hmcjih no TpH cxpen-
KOBbie 6pnraflbr xpexnonKOBoro cocxasa. HyMepaiyia 6pnraA c 1 no 9, HyMepa-

UHa nojiKOB c no 27 cooTBeTCTBeHHo. KoHHHna 1 3a6aHKanbCKOH apMHH 6bma

1

npeflCTaBJieHa 3a6anKajibCK0H KaBflHBH3neM (fl.H.KopoxaeB) b cocxaBe Tpex

KaB6pnrafl no aBa nojina b Kaacaow 6pHraae, HyMepauna nojiKOB c 1 no 6; 1 Ox-
aejibHOH TpoHUKOcaBCKofl KaB6pHraaoH (CicypaxoB ao 20.3.21; Hill - 3ojiotob
n.M. - ao 14.2.21) TpexnonKOBOro cocTaBa, c HyMepanneH nojiKOB 7, 8, 9 h 2 Ox-
aeJibHOH CpexeHCKofi KaB6pHraaoH (A.O.P030B, Hill - KoMapoB) c HyMepauHefl
nojiKOB 10, 11, 12*
2 AMypcKaa apMHa cocxoana H3 4 EjiaroBemeHCKoii cxpejiKOBon ahbh3hh
(A.K.<E>JieroHTOB, HIII- A.O.XpeHOB), HMeBuiefl 3 cTpejiKOBbie 6pnraabi; c6p 1

(H.E.OaaeeB, HLU - B.C.EpeMHH), 2 c6p (O.A.nexpoB-TexepHH, HIII -

H.H.BjiacoB), 3 c6p (E.<t>.Ka3aH>KH, HIII - IOXHockob), Bee 6pHraaw xpexnon-
KOBOro cocrraBa c HyMepauHefl ox I ao 9 cooxBexcTBeHHO. KaBanepua apMHH 6w-
jia npeacxaBJieHa OxaexibHOH Xa6apoBCKofi KaB6pnraaoH b cocxaBe 3 EnaroBe-
meHCKoro KaBnojina (MaicapoB), 3 AHynHHCKoro KaBnoirKa (TpyxHH), 1 Xa6a-
poBCKoro KaBnonKa (Apxkjxobckhh) h KOHHO-noaptiBHoro scnaapoHa. Kponie
xoro, bo 2 AMypcKyio apMHK> BxoaHJiH BjiarOBemeHCKHH h Xa6apoBCKHH yicpen-
neHHbie paiiOHbi, 3 JierKHx apxanBH3H0Ha, Oco6hh CaxanHHCKHfi oxpaa, cocxo-
aBUiHH H3 HHxepHauMOHajibHbix oxpaaoB: CaxajiHHCKoro, AHynHHCKoro, Koh-
aoHCKoro, CBo6oaHeHCKoro 6axajibOHa, TaSaHCKoii M HMaHCKoii pox**

"
riojiKH b 1 TpoHUKocaBCKoft 6pnraae Ha3WBanHcb: 3hmhhckhh, HpKyrcKHfi, BepxHe-
yjiHHCKHfl; bo 2 CpeTeHCKofi: HepitmcKHfi, CpexeHCKHii, ByrpHHCKHi*. 3th HaHMCHOBaHUH aa-
Hbi no np. N° 112 ot 9.2.1921 r.
**
r. B r. CboSozihom 28 hio-
Oco6h[ii CaxannHCKHii OTpaa o6pa30BaH no np. J* 75 31.1.21
hh 1921 r. OTpw nomnn MSrreac H3-3a nexejiaHMH bohth b noJiHHHeHMe Ka^apaaaauiBmiM H.A.,
HasHaneKHoro ana. <bopMMpoBaHKH KopeftcKofl 6pHraahi. MaTex noaaBJieH cwiaMH 29 cTpe^Ko-
Boro nojiKa h asyx 6poHenoeinoB. OTpaa pacipopMHpoBaH. Octstkh OTnpaMenw b HpKyrcK.
24
 norpaHHHHbie BOHCKa ffBP (C.JI.MaprojiHH c 19.11 no 16.12.1920 r.,
(P.B.BacHJibeB- no 29.01.21 r., A.A.YuiaKOB - c 29.01.21 r.) 6mjih pa3Memem>i b

TpOHUKOcaBCKOM H MeH3HHCKO-AKmHHCKOM norpaHpaftoHax. B Ka)KflOM pafi-

oH e - no crpenKOBOMy 6aTajib0Hy h KaBajiepHficKOMy aHBH3H0Hy.
B EjiaroBe-
meHCKe - norpaHHHHMH 6aTajib0H.
BpoHeBbie cmjih HPA BKjnoHaiiH 9 6poHenoe3aoB h 2 TiracejiMx TamcOBbix
^HBH3HOHa. ApTHJinepHJi b 1 3a6aHKanbCKoii apMHH 6bina pacnpcuejiena no m-
BH3H51M, B KajKflOH nO JierKOMy apTHJUiepHHCKOMy flHBH3HOHy. ABHaUHOHHUe
qacTH (naHqeHKO no 09.02.21 r., EioTaneHKO c 09.02.21 r.) hmcjih flBa OTpjwa no
4 caMOJieTa.
30 HOfl6pfl 1920 roaa no npHica3y N° 62 BoeHHoro BeaoMCTBa flBP fljia
jiHMHoro cocraBa ycTaHOBJieHbi 3H3kh pa3JiHHHa b BHae poM6nHecKnx naniHBOK
H a JieBOM pynaBe. 3naK 6hji KpacHO-cuHHM pom6om pa3MepoM 11x7,5 cm,
hobto-
paiomHM pacqBCTKy <}>Jiara flBP. B sepxHeii KpacHOH ^acra H3o6pa*:eHO bocxo-
jynu.ee cojiHue h 6yKBbi H.P.A. B hhhchch nacrH - KpacHbie npaMbie hjih yraoBbie
HatUHBKH flOTDKHOCTHOrO nOJIO)KeHHH, a TaiOKe JKftJITOH KpaCKOH HJIH HaiUHBHbie
3M6iieMbi poaa bohck.
06ieAnneHHe Bcex o6nacreH JJajibHero BocroKa non BJiacrbio Hhthhcko-
ro npaBHTeubCTBa oceHbio 1920 roaa npeAonpeaejiHJio H3MeHCHHe b KOMaHflHOM
cocrraBe bohck ilpHMopcKoH o6jiacTH: BMecTo reHepaji-JiefrreHaHTa
B.r.BojiflbipeBa c 16.12.20 r. 6biJi Ha3HaneH K.A.TpaBHHKOB. B uenoM b tot ne-
pHOfl BOHCKa npHMOpCKOH o6jiaCTH CKOJIb-JIH6o cepbe3HOH BOeHHOH CHJIbI He
npencTaBnajiH. Ohh BKjnonajiH ,ZJhbh3hoh HapoaHOH oxpaHbi {H.n.HHJibcoH-
Thpct; Bcero 4250 nejiOBeK), OrflejibHWH PaKHTHHHCKHH cBoaHbifi 6aTajn>0H
(r.B.KoHflpaTbeB; 365 neji., 11 nyneMCTOB), CynaHCKHH 6aTajibOH
(A.n.CaBHUKHH, okojio 300 lejiOBeK), OjibrHHCKHM 6aTantOH (I"jia3KOB, 3aTeM
Ha3apeHKo; okojio 300 qejioBeic), AHynHHCKyio oxpaHHyio poTy (T. H.neTpeHKo,
CBepHyTa m AHyHHHCKoS 6pHraaw LUeBHeHKo), yipeacaeHHa w. bochhwc 3aBe,ae-
hhh BnaflHBOCTOKa, Hh ko JibCKa-YccypHHCKoro, Pa3aoJibHoro.
/Jjis npwBeaeHHH k cahhoh HyMepauHH nojiKOB m 6pHran no 2
AMypcKOfi
apMHH npHKa30M Jfe 169 ot 16.02.21 r. cTpenKOBbie 6pHra,nbi nonyiHJiH HyMepa-
jjhio 10, 11, 12, a nonKH cootbctctbchho c 28 no 36. KaBanepHficKHe oojikh 3
Xa6apoBCKofl KaB6pHraabi crajin Ha3brsaTbca 13 Xa6apoBCKHM, 14 AHyqHH-
ckhm, 15 EnaroBemeHCKHM.
C 6 MapTa 1921 roaa KOinaHaapMOM 2 AMypCKoii cran Ceprefi /{MHTpne-
bhh IlaBJioB, Smbuihh c 27 HHBapa no 21 dpeBpana BpeMeHHO HcnojraaioinHM
AOJI5KHOCTH rnaBHOKOMamiyiomero BceMH BoopyaceHHbiMH cHJiaiwn ABP, a aoji-
KHOCTb HanaJibHHKa uiTa6a ot B.H.Eypofla npHHJiJi AapwaH AflpnaHOBHH IIIko-
jihh, B03rjiaBJiflBuiHH flo 23 $eBpajiH onepaTHBHoe ynpaBJieHHe UlTa6a TnaB

KOMa* CorjiacHo npHKa3y N° 125 ot 09.02.21 roaa KOMaHflapiwy 2 AMypCKoii

.

TaK«e 6bnia noanHHeHa B03po3KflaBiuaaca AMypcKaa 4)JiOTH^Ha, ho nocKOJibKy b

HacToamcH pa6oTe ne craBHJiocb 3aaaneH paccMaTpHBaTb HapoaHO-

'
naanoB C.JJ. KOMaimoBaji 2 AMypcKofi apMHefi no hiohji 1921 r. 11 hkjhh KowaaaapMOM
BHOBb cra^ C.M.CepbiuieB, KOTOpbift 30 hiohh 6bu\ Ha3HaieH HjieHOM BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA H
Ojiora h 6 hio^h caaji aojiacHOCTb KowaHjiapMa cBoeMy HawanbHKKy urra6a A.A. LUKOJiHHy sa
ie™pe mia no npjuoua o pac^opMwpoBaHMH apMHH. Ho A.A. HlKOJWHy npHuwocb npo5biTb
BpeMeHHO McnoJiHHiOWHM Jio^jKHOcTb no 30 Hmjia, noKa apMHa He 6buia pe$opMnpoBaHa b
AMypCKyiO flKBH3H10.
peBOJHOUHOHHMfi 4>jiot JXBP, cxpyKTypa, cocr-as, nepedpopMHpOBaHne h KOMaHjj,-
HBie Kaapti He pacKpbiBaKcrca.
B uejiax ynyqiueHHJi nojiHTHHecicoro pyKOBOflCTBa HPA h HfleojioraneCKO-
ro BOCiiHTaHHH JiHHHoro cocTaBa 6biJia BBeaeHa floJiHCHOCTb nojiHTH^ecKoro
3MHccapa npH DiaBHOKOMaH/jytomeM, KOTopyio npn r.X.Sflxe nocneaoBaTejibHo
3aHHMajiH B.n.EejibroB (12.11.20-17.2.21 r.), A.CeMauiKO (17.02-23.04.21 r.),
A.Jl.CHOCKapeB (24.04-3.07.21 r.). Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a N° 70 ot 4 aeKa6pa
1920 roaa 6ujia o6pa30BaHa Kojuieraa BoeHHo-nojiHTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa, b
Hee bouijih -H.IUKHrajiHH (npeaceaaTejib), A.Jl.CHOCKapeB h A.H.Omhkobckhh.
OcHOBHyio paSoTy no ynpaBneHHio BOHCKaMH FjiaBHOKOMaHflyiomHH npo-
BOflHJi nepe3 IIojieBoe ynpaBJieHHe BCex BoopysteHHtix chji ^BP, b KOTopoe bxo-
flHJi JUraS TjiaBKOMa, nocjiejiOBaTejibHO B03rnaBJiflBiin/iHCa ao npHe3fla Ha flanb-

hhh Boctok B.K.Bjiioxepa o4>Hij,epaMH, b cBoe BpeMa okohhhbuihmh AKa/ieMHio

TeHepajibHoro UlTa6a: n.^.riejieHKHHbiM (01.03.20-28.01.21 r.), M.A.OpjiOBbiM
(28.01-23.02.21 r.), A.X.AH/JiepcoHOM (23.02-25.06.21 r.).
UlTa6 TjiaBKOMa BKJiioHaJi b ce6a OneparaBHoe ynpaBJieHHe co aienyio-
iuhmh OTAejieHHJiMH: oneparHBHoe, pasBeflbiBarejibHoe, Tonorpa(}>H4ecKoe, hh-
<J>opMauHOHHo-ncTopHHecKoe, o6mee; AaMHHHCTpaTHBHoe ynpaBJieHHe (EenaeB)
c OTflejieHHAMn: HHcneKTOpcnoe, opraHH3an,HOHHoe, no yKOMnneicroBaHHio, KaH-
uenapKa, THnorpadpna h JiHTOrpa(j)Ha, KOMeHflakTCKaa Hacrb. KpoMe Toro, b
LllTa6 bxoahjih: cnpaBOMHoe 6iopo, okojioaok (caHHTapHaa qacTb), crojioBaa,
xo3«HCTBeHHa5i KOMaH^a, npaneHHaH, /jyxoBofi opKecTp, aBTorpy30BOH OTpaa.
Bcero b UlTa6e TjiaBKOMa 6buio 458 nejioBeK, 147 jiomaaeH, 60 noB030K, 24 aB-
TOM06HJIa H 1 MOTOUHKJl".
KpoMe xoro, HenocpeacTBeHHo TjiaBKOMy noAHHHajiHCb ynpaBJieHHa po-
JjaMH BOHCK H HHCHeKUHH C COOTBeTCTByfOUJ,HMH UITflTaMH. CymeCTBOBajIH HH-
cneKUHH: nexqTbi (IlaBJiOB - 08.11.20-27.01.21 r.; KjionoB - 27.01-22.02.21 r.;
EpaHJioBCKHH - c 22.02.21 r.), KaBanepHH (OeTyHHHKOB - 05.12.20-24.10.21 r.),
apTHJTJiepHH (HaHbimeB), 6poHeBbix chji (OcoBeu - 08.11-16.12.20, Kopotkob -

16.12.20-28.7.21), BeTepHHapHaa (<DpojiOB - 08.11.20-22.01.21 r., PycaHOB - c

22.01. 21. r.), caHHTapHaa (KoBHamcHH - c 13.06.20 r.); HananbHHK norpaHBoficK
(BacHJibeB - 18.12.20-29.01.21 r., YuiaKOB - c 29.01.21 r.), HanajibHHK o6opoHH
jKejiesHbix Aopor (Pa3HH - 23.12.20-13.04.21 r., A.fl.JIanHH - 13.04 - 04.05.21 r.),
HanajibHHK cHa6>KeHHa (AjieKcannpOB), HanajibHHK aBHauHH (JJaHieHKO - c
08.11.20 r., FIoTaneHKO - c 09.02.21 r.), HanajibHHK BoeHHbix coo6meHHH
(roHuapeBHi - c 05.12.20-?; HHKonaeB - 1- no 07.07.21 r.), HanajibHHK HH5KCHCpOB
(KHcejieB - 08.11.20-20.03.21 r., raM3arypflH - c 20.03.21 r.), HanajibHHK cb«3H.
noaroTOBKH npH3biBHHKOB cymecTBOBano DiaBHoe ynpaBJieHHe BceoSyia*.
/Jjia
C nepBbix AHefl co3aaHHa BoeHHO-nojiHTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa y TjiaBKo-
Ma c no^HT3MHccapoM h HaqaJibHHKOM Boennypa bo3hhkjih HaTaHyrwe OTHome-
HHa. 3TOMy 6buiH onpeAeneHHbre ocHOBaHwa. FIojiHTDMHCcap Han6ojiee renco
Bbipa3HJi Mbicjib b oTHoiueHHH
cymecTBOBaHHa HHCTHTyra KOMHecapOB: "Haiua
napTHa, ynTa 3th MHHycbi (orcyTCTBHe skohomhhcckoh 3aHHTepecoBaHHocTH h
HajiHHwe KOMCOcraBa b 6ojibiiiHHCTBe CBoeM H3 6hbuihx uapCKHx ocpnuepoB. -

* Bceo6y4 - BceoSmec BoeHKoe o6yMeHwe.

26
r.JI.), ynpejiHJia b KpacHoii ApMHH hhcthtjtt BoeHHWx KOMHCcapoe, kotopbih
C06CTBeHHO H flBJiaCTCa He TOJIbKO annapaTOM KOHTpOJIHpyK>mHM, BOCnHTbl-
BafOiUHM, ho h npHHyaHTentHbiM, npHflaB eMy xaKHe 6ojn>niHe nnrocH, KaK aneH-
kh P.K.n. k uiHpoKaa nojiHTHKo-npocBeTHTenbHaa pa6oTa"53.
HanajTbHHK BoeHHO-nonHTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa JKnrajiHH b stom otho-
meHHH nncan: "BcKOpe ana BoeHnypa cxano He ceKperoM, hto DiaBKOM HraopH-
pyeT npeflCTaBHTejia nojiHTHHecKOH BJiacra - 3MHCcapa... DraBKOM flepxtan, Mea-
jihji h He noflnncbiBaji (uiTaTbi Boennypa. - r.JI.), noKa He 6bijih cuenaHM Koe-

KaKHe ycrrynKH co cropoHbi SMHecapa... To >Ke nponcxoaHJio co UlTaTaMH FIoo6-

.aopa (nojiHTOTAen o6opoHbi >tcejie3Hbix flopor. - r.JI.), rio6pHra (nojiHTOxaeji
6pHraflbi. - r.JJ.)"^.
BoeHHO-nonnTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa cocTaBJian 512 nejnoBeK, 12
IIlTaT
aBXOMo6HJia 55 3xo npeBbiuiano Beet IUhra6 EnaBKOMa. IITraTbi no-
jiomaxteii, 2 .

jiHTOTaena /ihbh3hh h nojinxoxaejia bohck o6opoHbi h oxpaHbi acejie3HMX aopor

SbiJiH oflHHaKOBHMH a cocTaBnajiH no 108 qenoBeK, 32 jioinaflH, b nojinxoxflene
Kasmott 6pnraabi 6wno no 48 nejioBeK, b nojiHTHnecicoM ynpaBJieHHH MopcKHX
chji JXBP 6buio 55 nejioBeK.
CyMMHpoBaB Beet nonwxannapax ahbh3hh h 6pnraA, moxho noHaxb, no-
neiviy T.X.Snxe npoxHBHJica BHeapeHHio TaKOro 6ojibmoro KOJiHMecTBa Haa-

CMOTpmHKOB h "npHHynnTejiefi", h mojkho noHHTb, noneMy npoTHB DiaBKOMa

Benacb 6opb6a nojmxpa6oxHHKaMH, flo6HBaBUJHMHCa ero CMemeHHS, HecinoTpa
Ha ero 3acnyra b 6opb6e npoTHB Kojinaxa h CeMeHOBa h co3aaHHe perynapHOH
apMHH J\BP.
C 22 MapTa no 12 anpena speMeHHO HcnonHmoiUHM .aonacHOCTb DiaBKOMa
6bm nonHTSMHccap A.CeMauiKO, c 30 anpena no 3 Maa - B.H.EypoB, c 4 inaa no
25 HioHfl - Ajib6epT ^hobh^ JlannHbui (JlannH).
no cocToaHHio na 6 Maa 1921 ro/ja HPA HMena 95203 MejioBeica h 22812
jiomaAeii 56 .

Pflx npHBeaeHHH apMHH b cocxoaHHe, >KejiaeMoe nojiHT3MHccapoM h «uie-

HaMH BoeHnypa, H3 Cobctckoh Pocchh 6buia npMBe3eHa 3HaHHTejibHaa rpynna
KOMaHxwpoB KpacHon ApMHH bo niaBe c B.K.BnioxepoM. K MOMeHxy hx npn6bi-
thh HPA HMena 36 nexoTHbix nonKOB, 15 KaBanepHHCKHX noJiKOB, 14 6pOHeno-
e3flOB, Sojibuioe kojihicctbo ap-rajuiepHH, lacrm cb»3h, HHxeHepHbie Macro, no-
rpaHHMHbie nacTH, oxpaHbi h o6opoHbi acenAopor, aBHauHio h TaHKOBbie noapa3-
AeneHHH.
PanopTOM or 28 hk>h« 1921 roaa B.K.Ejnoxep aojiojKHJi, hto Ha ocHOBa-
hhh nocTaHOBneHHa npaBHTejibCTBa ox 25 HiOHa oh BcrynHJi b flOJDKHoexb BoeH-
Horo MHHHexpa 57 K panopTy npHJio)KeHbi aKTti h BeaoMOCTb KpeflHTa Bajnoxofl,
.

Ha3HaMeHHoro BoeHHOMy MHHHexepcTBy. Akt noAnncaH BmoxepoM, BypoBbiM h

HanajibHHKOM TjiaBHoro !IIxa6a J\BP OpnoBHM 53 .

Eme so BCTynjieHHa b aoJDKHoexb T^aBKOMa HPA h Onoxa JXBP n BoeH-

Horo MHHHexpa, coraacHO npHKa3y JV° 510 ot 17 hiohh 6pHraflHaa cncxeMa b ne-
xoxe nofljieacajia ynpa3AHeHHK>, b uiTaTax ahbh3hh ocxaBanocb no 3 crpejiKOBbix

nojiKa, JierKOMy apxflHBH3H0Hy, HH»eHepHOMy 6axanbOHy h poTe cb33h. B \ 3a-

27
6aHKanbCK0H apMHH HyMepauna crpejiKOBbix hojikob ycxaHaBJiHBajiacb c 1 no 9.

3a6aflKanscKaa KaBAHBH3Hfl craHOBHnacb flByx6pnraflHOH.

Bo 2 AMypcKOH apMHH coanaBajracb 4 BjiaroBemeHCKaa ahbh3hh
(H.E.OaaeeB) b cocraBe 28, 29, 30 crpejiKOBbix nonKOB h 4 KaB«nBH3HOHa
(3apyKHH; H3 6biBiuero 15 KaBnojuca), 5 Xa6apoBCKaa flHBrana (A.K.OneroHTOB)
b cocraBe 31, 32, 33 crpejiKOBbix nonKOB, 3 KaBflHBH3HOH (TpyxHH; H3 6biBUiero
14 KaBnojiKa). B KaamoH jihbh3HH - HHweHepHbiH GaxaJibOH h poia cb«3h. Ap-
THJUicpHH apMHH 6tuia npefldaBJieHa 5, 10, 11, 12 nencHMH apTHJiJiepHficKHMH
aHBH3H0HaMH h 1 noneBbiM TajKejibiM apTflHBH3HOHOM. KoManaapMy TaioKe non-
HHHaJIHCb BOHCKa ripHMopcKOH o6jiacTH.
HaxoflHBiiiHeca b 3a6aHKajibe 1 OxnejibHaa TponmcocaBCKaa h 2 O-raejib-
Haa CpeTeHCKaa KaB6pHrajiH ocraBajiHCb TpexnonKOBoro cocraBa, c HyMepauH-
en nonKOB cooTBexcrBeHHO c 7 no 12. 13 Xa6apoBCKHii KaBnojiK ocruica carno-
CTOHTejIbHOH eflHHHUefl B nOflHHHCHHH KOMaHflapMa 2 AMypCKOH.
KoMaHflyiomHM BoflCKaMH ripHMopcKOH o6jiacTH flo 10 MapTa 6hji
K.A.TpaBKHKOB, KOTOporo CMeHHJi A.Il.JIenexHH. Ha3HaHaBmneca b aHBape h
MapTe 21 ro.ua KOManjiyiomHMM BOHCKaMH ripHMOpcKoii o6jiacrH A.B.3hhcbhh h
B.H.BypoB b AonsKHocTb TaK h He BcrynaJiH.
CTaB TjiaBKOMOM HPA h OnoTa h BoeHHMM mhhhctpom flBP,
B.K.Enioxep HeMeaneHHO npHcrynmi k pe<jpopMaM, KOTOpbie, b nepByio oiepeab,
BbuiHnHCb b coKpameHHe HHCJieHHOcra h 6oeBoro cocTaBa HPA. nnaBHbiH IIlTa6
BoeHHoro MHHHCrepcxBa h IllTa6 DiaBKOMa 6hjih o6i>eii.HHeHbi. 30 hiohh Ha-
najibHHKOM IIlTa6a HPA h <t>jiOTa craji B.K.ToKapeBCKiw. B co3£aHHOM hobom
uiTa6e 6mho 428 nejioseK, 373 nejioBeica b poTe oxpaHbi h 193 HejioBexa b poTe
cBa3H. Hobmh uro6 6mji Jinuib Ha 30 MenoBeK MeHbuie, neM noneBoe ynpaBJieHHe
npH r.X.3fixe. npn 3tom, KaK h ripn 3nxe, MHorne uiTa6Hbie aohikhocth 6mjih
yKOMnjieKTOBaHM 6wbuihmh o<j)HitepaMH, hmcbiuhmh 3a rmenaMH AKafleMHio Te-
HepanbHoro IllTa6a.
EbiJi HPA h OjioTa b cocraBe npe^ce^aTe-
BoccTanoBJieH BoeHHbifi CoBer
na B.K.Enraxepa h hjichob M.HTy6ejibMaHa (ao 21.11.21 r.)*, CepbiweBa CM. h
BPH,a BypoBa B.H. (ao 22.07.21 r.).
npHKpoM BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA h OnoTa 1
39 or 10 Hiona 1921 ro,aa
3a6aHKajibckaa h 2 AinypcKaa apMHH pac<J)opMnpoBMBajiHCb h co3flaBajiHCb
uiTa6bi bohck 3a6aKKajibCKoro h ripnaMypCKoro KpaeB.
B 3a6aHKajibe crpeiiKOBbie xihbh3hh npeBpamajiHCb b 6pwraiibi: 1 Hhthh-
cKyw c6p (H.<D.KyuiHHKOB, c 07.07.21 r.), 2 BepxHey/iHHCKyio c6p
(BpaH jiobckhh c 22.08.21 r. - n.H.Ky3bMHH), 3 AMypcnyio c6p (B.A.nonoB).
;

HyMepauwa nojucoB coxpaHHJiacb ot 1 ao 9. Ka*,naa 6pnra.ua HMena KaBajiepnfi-

CKHH H apTHJinepHHCKHH AHBH3HOHbI, CanepHyK) pOTy H yHe6HO-HHCTpyKTOpCKHM
6aTa/ibOH. 3a6aHKajribCKaa KaBflHBH3Ha (KopoTaeB) CTana AByx6pHraflHoii no flBa
nojiKa b 6pHraAe, b jihbh3hh HMenHCb OTflejiiHbiH kohhmh apraiuiepHHCKHH ah-
bh3hoh h canepHWM 6aTanbOH. OTflenbHbie 1 TponuKOcaBCKaa h 2 CpeTeHCKaa
KaB6pHra#bi TaK>Ke crajiH AByxnoJiKOBMMH.

'
M.M.ry6ejibMaH 21.11.21r. y6bw b KOMarawpoBKy, h Ha ero Mecro cpa3y xe 6bui HasHa-
neK E.A.TpwcpoHOB. B apMHK) oh 6ojibiue He B03BpaTHJtca, noaTOMy nsny 16.01.22 r., npHBOflH-
Myio b cnpaBOMHMKax, cjieayeT cMMTaTb ycjtoBHoS, xora npntca3 N? 5 npaBHTejibctea ABP 06
ysonbHeHHH aanipoBaH 16.1.22 r.
28
 . ,

HPA h <DjioTa Jfc 7 ot 15 hkwih 2 AMypcicaa apMHa

ripuKaaoM DiaBKOMa
CornacHo 3TOMy nprncasy 17 hjojm 4 Biiaro-
n epe<i)opMnpoBMBajiacb b ahbhshkj.
BemeHCKaa ammm
nepe4>opMHpoBMBajiacb b 4 BnaroBemeHCKyio c6p (OajeeB),
5 Xa6apoBCKaa otbhsha
b 5 Xa6apoBC K yio c6p (cpjieroHTOB), o6e 6 P Hra fl bi
6pHraae no
xpexnoJiKOBoro cocTasa c HyMepaimeii hojikob c 10 no 15. B Ka*A0H
h KaBAHBH3noHy. B npaMOM noAHHHeHHH KOMflHBa Ha-
nerKOMy apTOHBH3HOHy
6bIBUIHH 13 KaBOOJIK), OT-
XOflHJIHCb 7 KaBaJiepHHCKHH nOJIK (ApTIOXOBCKHH,
apmiuiepHHCKHa AHBH3HOH, 3anacH0H 6aTanbOH, nacTH Bna-
aeJibHbiH T5DK«yibifl
roBemeHCKoro norpaHHHuoro pafioHa, b kotopom KpoMe cxpejiKOBoro 6aTanbo-

Ha 6bmn Asa KaBanepwHCKHX AHBtoHOHa.

HanajibHHKOM AMypcKofi ahbh3hh cran A./I.JIanHH, HaianbHHKOM
uiTa6a
KOToporo b cbok) oqepeflb
B.C.EpeMHH, CMeHCHHbiH b asrycTe A.A.IIIkojihhhm,
59 *
6 ceHTfl6pa cMemui n.A.JIyuKOB
Pe4>opMH b HPA b nepno.il c HioHa no aBrycrr npoxoAHJiH b ycjiOBHax
se-

CoBercKoii Pocchh c ynacTHeM OrAejibHbix

eHHa bohhm 5 KpacHOH ApMHeft
fl

TpOHUKOcaBCKoii h CpeTeHCKofi KaB6pHraa c cHJiaMH 6apoHa

YHrepHa $oh
BTOprmeroca b npeaejibi Cobbtckoh Pocchh okojio rpaHHUbi c
IIlTepH6epra,
3tom BOHCica KpacHOH ApMHH b co-
flBP h yrpoxaBiuero BepxHeyflHHCKy. Ilpn
npeaejiw #BP. 3kc-
craBe 35 crpenKOBofi h 5 KaBanepHHCKOH bhbh3hh bouijih b
CTpejiKOBofi 6pn-
neAHUHOHHbifi Kopnyc (He&MaH) b cocTaBe 5 KaBAHBH3HH, 103

raAH KpacHoft ApMHH h 2 OraejibHOH CpeTeHCKOH K aB6 P HraAM HPA

25.07, Mnpjiac c
- 27.07.21 r.) Bouien b Mohi-ojihw, h Swiia sa-
(3ejienyrHH- ao
HflTa crojiHua ropofl Ypra (YjiaH-EaTop).
CoKpameHne HapoAHO-peBOJiiouHOHHoii apMHH npoAOJEKajiocb. Coraac-
nepe<}>opMHpo-
ho npHKa3y N° 138 ot 11 ceHTa6pa 1921 roja BHOBb npoBeaeHO
h oSpameHa Ha no-
BaHHe. 2 BepxHeyOTHCKas 6pHra«a 6bma pac$op.MHpoBaHa
nojiHeHHe OTAenbHoii Hhthhckoh cTpeJiKOBOH 6pHraaM (H.O.KyimmKOB - ao
1
crpenKOBaa 6pHraaa
08 11.21 r., n.H.KysbMHH - c 08.11.21 r.), 3 AMypcicaa
(B.A.nonoB), 3a6aHKajibc K aa KaBAHBHSHa
cBepnyTa b'oco6wh AMypcKHH hojik
3a6afi K aJibCKyio oxaenbHyio KaB6 P Hrafl y (KopoTae B )
nepecfcopMnpoBaHa b 1

cocTasa (BCKope coicpameHa ao Asyx nojiKOB), 2 OTAenbHaa

TpexnojiKOBoro
h o6pa-
CpeTeHCKaa KaB6pHraAa no npn6biTHH H3 MoHrojiHH paa}>opMHpoBaHa
KOTOpyio CTajiH
meHa Ha AoyKOMnneKTOBaHHe TpOHUKOcaBCKoii KaBGpnraAbi,
KaBopwraAOH (n.H.AeHHcoB ao
Ha3breaTb 2 OTAeJibHofi TpoHUKOcaBCKOH
cTpejiKOBbix 6pnraA o6pameHbi Ha ccj)op-
12.11.21 r.). KaBAHBH3HOHM H3 1, 2, 3

MHpOBaHHe OTAeHbHOrO ^HTHHCKOrO KaBAHBH3H0Ha. ApTHJIJiepHHCKHe HaCTH

nepet|)opMHpoBaHbi h nouuiH Ha co3AaHHe 1 OTAenbHoro jiereoro apTAHBH3HOHa
1 Hhthhckoh c6p.
Oco6hh AiwypcKHH hojik nojiy^HJi 1 Jiencyio apT6aTapeio, KaB3CKaApoH
hto ot 3
hto h npeAonpeaeJiHJio ero HasBaHHe "Oco6hh". 3fo Bee,
ocrrajiocb
sa
AMypcKOH AHBH3HH B.A.nonoBa, HMeBuiea 9 crpejiKOBbix hojikob, Bcero
3

Mecaua pe<J)opM B.K.Bnioxepa.

AMypcKOii ctpwikoboS OTBM3HM saBepiueHo np. N> 636 26.07.21

' - r.
C*o PMHpoBaHHe
 IIpHKa3 JSs 138 SbiJi noanHcaH B.K.BnioxepoM, Hjichom BoeHHoro CoBexa
M-HTySejibMaHOM h HanaJibHHKOM noxoAHoro niTa6a DiaBKOMa MarepoM bo
BpeMH hx HHcneKqHOHHOH noe3^KH b Xa6apoBCK b AMypcKyro ahbh3hk><>0 .

B Xa6apoBCKe B.K.Bjiioxep npnxoAHx k BHBoay, hto BOHCica, HaxoAaunie-

ca b npnaMypte, xaKHce oieAyex nepectpopMHpoBaxb. Oh oxAaex npHKa3 jNs 261 ot
21 ceHTfl6p«, KOToptiH npeAonpeAenaex C03Aaxb bochhmh ripnaMypcKHH oxpyr,
b KoropoM hmctb BoeHHbiH Cobct OKpyra h Bwcuine opraHbi ynpaBJieHHH OKpy-
roM: KaHuejiapHio BoeHHoro CoBeTa, IIIxa6 oicpyra, ynpaBJieHHe HHcneKUHH ap-
HaiantHHKa cHa6aceHH5i OKpyra, OKpya<Hoe ynpaBJieHHe apraruiepHH-
TuiiJiepHH,
CKoro CHa6»ceHH5i, BoeHHo-xo3SHCTBCHHoe ynpaBJieHHe, HH>KeHepHoe ynpaBJie-
HHe, BoeHHO-caHHTapHoe h BoeHHo-BexepHHapHoe ynpaBJieHHa, nonMXHiecKoe
ynpaBJieHHe OKpyra, ynpaBJieHHe TocnoJiHToxpaHH. KoinaHAyiomHM bohck3mh
npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra Ha3HaieH A.JI.JIanHH (JlanHHfaiu), HaHanbHH-
kom IIIxa6a OKpyra -ILA.JIyuKOB (ao 22 ceHxa6pa 1921 r.), Hjichom BoeHHoro
CoBeTa - B.H.MejibHHKOB.
B BOHCKax ocxaBajiocb 3 cxpejiKOBbix nojnca: 4 en (RE. OaaeeB;
nojieBbix
b BjiaroBemeHCKe), 5 en (O.B.BacwjibeB; c noaSpa - P.B.KoHApaxbeB; b Xa6a-
poBCKe h BnKHHe), 6 en (H.n.HHJibCOH-rHpcx; b HMaHe). ApxHJiJiepHa 6bma
npeACTaBJieHa 4 jierKHMH, 1 xhjkcjioh H 1 kohhoh SaxapeaMH. H'3 7 KaBnojiKa, 3 h
4 KaBHHBH3H0H0B C(})OpMHpOBaH 4 KaBnOJIK (ApTIOXOBCKHH)* BpOHecHJIbI
.

BKJiioHajiH 6poHenoe3fla N°N° 7, 8 h 9, ABa xaHKa. B aBHaoxpaAe 6mjio 3 caMOJie-

xa. B HHxceHepHbix nacxax 6buiH ABe canepHbie poxbi, MHHHO-noapbiBHaa poxa h
npoaceKXopHaa cxaHuna. BoflcKa cneunajibHoro Ha3HaneHHa BKjnoHajiH oxAenb-
nyio >Kejie3HOAopo5KHyio poxy, yneSHO-HHCxpyicxopcKyio poxy, yne6HO-
HHcxpyKxopcKHft canepHbiii B3B0A, norpaHHMHbix ABa nexoxHbix 6axajibOHa h
oahh KaBAHBH3HOH, oxAejibHWH 6axajibOH o6opoHbi h oxpanbi >Kejie3Hbix Aopor,
ABa KapayjibHbix 6axajibOHa h ABe KapayjibHbie nonypoxbi, oxAejibHyio Kapayjib-
Hyio poxy, ocoSwe oxpaAbi FTIO (rocnojinxoxpaHbi), ABe mxpacpHbie poxu, 3a-
nacHbiii 6axanbOH. KpOMe xoro, BbmejiajiHCb nacxH BcnoMoraxejibHoro Ha3Hane-
hh»: xejierpa<J)HO-cxpoHxejibHaa poxa, ABe npHeMO-HH4>opMauHOHHbix paAHO-
cxaHUHH, Xa6apOBCKaa, CBo6oAHeHCKaa h Kep6HHCKaa MomHbie paAHocxaHU.Hn,
ABa nojieBbix cxponxejibcXBa h xpw npoH3BOAHxena pa6ox corjiacHO cneunajib-
HbiM mxaxaM.
3anacHbiMH h Mo6HJiH3au,HOHHbiMH pe3epBaMH 3aH HMajiHCb opraHbi inecx-
Horo BoeHHoro ynpaBJieHHa b BHAe Xa6apoBCKoro h EnaroBeuieHCKoro KOMen-
AaHxcKHX ynpaBJieHHH, ynpaBJieHHH ye3AHbix bohhckhx HanajibHHKOB no ^iHCJiy
ye3A0B, BonocxHbie bohhckhc yiexHbie oxAeneHHa no HHcny BOJiocxefi.
Co3AaBajiHCb MHoroMHCJieHHbie AOBOJibcXByiomHe opraHbi, CHa6)KeH4ecKHe
cxpyKxypbi, CKJiaAH, 6a3bi, BexepHHapHbie h caHHxapHbie ynpexcAeHwa h 3aBeAe-
hhh. CpoK nepe(j)opMHpoBaHna onpeAeJiajica ao 10 OKxa6pa 61 .

"
Ro ApTiOxoBcKoro BHOBfa ccrpopMHposaHHMM 7 Kn BpeMeHHo ycnejiw noKoinaHjioBaTb Ka-
jiHHHieHKo m BacHJibeB. KoMamoBaHMe 5 cn BacHJibes tnaji EauaKOBy, bmbcto KOToporo BCKope
6biji H33HaHeH KoHflpan>eB.
30
 CornacHo flOKJiaay LUTa6a FIpHaMypcKoro BoeHKoro OKpyra Ha 1 0KTa6pa
B AMypCKOH AHBH3HH 6bIJ10 27378 HeJIOBeK, a Ha flOBOJIbCTBHH COCTOflJIO OKOJIO
40000 nenoBeK 62 .

HOa6pa 6mji TaKace oTflaH npHKa3 o co3flaHHH 3a6afiKajii.cKoro BoeHHoro

3

OKpyra. KoMaHflytomHM Ha3HaneH C.M.CepbimeB, KOTopbifi c 30 hiohh 6hji

HneHOM BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA h 3>noTa\ HananbHHKOM IIlTa6a 3a6BO -
B.H.CepeSpoB, Hjichom BoeHHoro CoBexa - A.K.OjieroHTOB.
B cocTaB OKpyra bouijih I MnTHHOcaa c6p (n.H.Ky3bMHH; no iimny 9546
qenoBeK), OrflejibHbiH Hhthhckhh KaB/uiBH3HOH (no uiTaTy 435 hcjiobck), 1 3a-
6aHKanbCKaa KaB6pHraaa (fl.H.KopoTaeB; no uiTaTy 3210 nejioseK), TpOHUKO-
caBCKHii KaBnoJiK (c 12.11.21 r. - r.r.rieTpoB; no niraTy 1441 hcjiobck), Oco6bih
AMypcKHH noJiK (B.A.IlonoB; no urraTy 2960 iiejioBeK), b cocTaBe KOToporo, b
OTJiHHHe ot apyrnx hojikob, 6whh apT6aTapea, KaBSCKaapoH, ysejiHHeHHbie ny-
jieMeTHaa KOMaHfla h CBa3H. EponeBbie chjibi hm&jih 6poHenoe3fla NsNs 1, 2, 5, 54,
111, "3auiHTa xpyaoBoro Hapoaa" h aBTo6poHeoTpaa JM° 28, BCKope ABa 6poHe-
noe3fla 6bijiH pacijpopMHpoBaHbi. ApTHJuiepHH 6bma npe/xcTaBJieHa nerKHM apT-
AHBH3HOHOM b 1 Hhthhckoh c6p (12 opyflHH), kohhhmh 6aTapeaMn b 1 3a6afi-
KajibCKOH KaB6pHraae h TpowuKocaBCKOM nojixy, jrerKOH 6aTapeeii b OcoSom
AiuypcKOM nonKy h TpeMa TawenbiMH 6aTapeaMH no 2 opyflna b KaacflOH.
CornacHO urraTaM b cTpejiKOBOM nonKy 6hjio 2491 nenoBeK, H3 hhx ana
BeaeHHa HenocpeflCTBeHHo 6oa (hjih, KaK Torfla cHHTajiH, uithkob) mojkho 6bino
npHBnenb 1999 HenoBeK. Tskmm o6pa30M, 1 ^HTHHCKaa c6p Moraa BHcraBHTb
5997 uithkob, KpoMe Toro, 618 nejiOBeK apTflHBH3H0Ha, 144 nenoBeKa oTflejibHofi
canepHofl poTbi, 318 ca6ejib (h3 435 nejioBeK) oTflenbHoro KaBflHBH3HOHa npH 12
opyzmax h 60 nyjieMeTax. OTflenbHaa KaB6pHra.ua Morjia BbicraBHTb 1752 caSjiH,
4 opy/ma h 36 nyjieMeTOB. TponuKocaBCKHH KaBnonK BHCTaBJiaJi 657 caSejib
(npn 1441 qejioBeKe o6meH hhcjichhocth), 4 opyflHa h 18 nyjieMeTOB. Oco6hh
AMypcKHH nojiK H3 rpex CTpejiKOBwx SaTaiibOHOB BHCTaBJism 1578 uithkob, 251
MenoBeK b nyneMeTHOH KOMaHfle, 175 b KOMaHfle CBH3H, 64 h 99 lejiOBex b kohhoh
m neuieH pa3BeflbiBaTejtbHbix KOMaHflax, 184 HejioBeKa b apTHJUiepniicKOH 6aTa-
pee, see sto npw 24 nyjieMeTax h 4 opyflnax, b KaB3CKaapoHe 191 nejioseK. Ha 4
6poHenoe3flax 6hjio 288 nejiOBeK, 8 opyflHH, okojio 70 nyjieMeTOB.
B npHainypcKOM BoeHHOM OKpyre o6maa HHCjieHHOCTb SoeBbix nacTefl
6bma MeHboie, h oh Mor BbicrraBHTb HenocpeflCTBeHHo ana BeaeHHa 6oa 5997
uiTbiKOB, 1194 ca6jiH, 22 opyflwa, 126 nyjieMeTOB, H3 hhx 6 opyAHfi h 48 nyneMe-
tob Ha Tpex 6poHenoe3aax.
TaKHM o6pa30M, b BHae KOM6aTaHTOB (Beaymnx 6oh) HPA Morna 6m bh-
CTaBHTb 13572 uiTMKa, 4077 'caSejib, 38 JierKHx opyaHft, 6 Taxceiibix opy^HH, 216
nyneMCTOB h Ha 7 6poHcnoe3itax 14 opyflHH, 120 nyjieMeTOB, 7 caMoueTOB, 2 TaH-
Ka. 3aecb He yHHTHBajiHct qacra norpaHHHHbie, oxpaHbi h o6opOHM acejie3Hwx

Hopor, KapayjibHbie, 3anacHbie, KOTOpwe MornH 6biTb npHBJieieHH ana 6oeBbix

63
ae{icTBHH, ecjiH oKa3HBajiHCb b paHOHe 6oeB .

"
PeajibHO C.M.CepwujeB BCTynH^ buojukhocti. 4EC HPA 22 Hro^a 1921 r.

31
 rTocne MHoroHHCJieHHbix nepe<J)opMHpoBaHHH B.K.Ejnoxepa nacTH o6ec-
neneHUH, CHa6»ceHna, cneuHajibHbie BOHCKa, BoeHHbie yHpe*meHHa h 3aBeaeHHs
no HHoreHHOCTH npeBocxoflHJiH 6oeBi»ie BOHCKa. CorjiacHO flOKJiaay BoeHHoro
CoBera HPA h OnoTa b PeBBoeHcoBeT PCOCP Ha OKTa6pb 1921 roaa cnHcoi-
Hbm cocraB HPA 6mji b 79650 nenOBeK64 .

B pe3yjibTaTe nepeBopoTa, coBepuieHHoro 26 Mas 1921 ro^a bo BjiaaHBo-

CTOKe, k BnacrH npHiujio 6yp>Kya3Hoe npaBHTejibCTBO, KOTopoe BCKope B03poaM-
no flajibHe-BocroHHyio ApMHio (tek apMHa Ha3biBajiacb b 3a6afiKajibe b 1920
rojy), Ha3HannB KOMaHflyrouniM reHepan-JieiiTeHaHTa r.A.BepacSHUKoro, Ha-
najibHHKOM uiTa6a reHepan-Manopa cpA.IIyHKOBa. Bwjih c(topMnpoBaHbi 1
CBOflHO-Ka3aHHH Kopnyc (B.A.BopoflHH), 2 CTpejiKOBbiH Kopnyc (H.C.Cmojihh),
3 CrpejiKOBMH Kopnyc (B.M.MojiHaHOB). 06maa HHCJieHHOCTb 6bina okoho
20000 nejiOBeic. CorjiacHO npHKa3y JNe 18 r.A.BepxSHiricoro, H3 3a6aHKanba b
IlpHMopbe no KB)K/I b ,neKa6pe 1920 h Haiane aHBapa 1921 rojia Bcero npHgbi-
jio 5804 o^Huepa h 10354 coiwaTa 6hbiuhx KannejieBueB, okoho 4000 ceMeHOB-

ueB, o6ocHOBaBuiHxca OTflenbHo ot KannejieBueB b TpoaeKOBO.

BoopyaceHHe B0cco3flaHHOH apMHH coctohjio H3 bhhtobok, mamex, iihk,
HM&nocb HecKOJibKO uiTyK nyjieMeTOB. ApTHnnepHH He hmcjih.
Pa3rpoMHB b Hoa6pe 1921 rojia napTH3aHCKHe OTpaflbi h nacTH HPA, Ha-
xoflHBUiMeca b npHMopbe noR bhaom napTH3aH* 6ejibie bohckr 1 aeicaSps ne-
,

peiiiiTH HefiTpajibHyio 30Hy, oxnejiaBiuyio anoHCKHe BOficKa ot HPA, h saojib »e-

jk3hoh aoporH h peKH YccypH ABHHyjiHCb Ha cesep b HanpaBJieHHH Xa6aposcKa.

nepBbifl 6ofl 6bui Ha craHUHH YccypH. HacTyruieHHe SejionoBcraHueB, TaK Ha-
3BanH ce6a nacTH 6ejiwx, KOMaHjryiomHM KOTopwx 6hji KOManzjHp 3 OpejiKOBO-
ro Kopnyca reHepan-MaSop B.M. MojinaHOB, uijio c TeMnoin 25-28 khjiomctpob b
cyTKH. HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHbie BoftcKa oTCTynanH noa yaapaMH Sejibix, OKa-
3btBaa cjia6oe conporaBJieHHe. B nocrceflyiomeM HeKOTopwe hctophkh h ynacT-
hhkh rex co6hthh o6t>schjuih nerKocTb npoflBHaceHHH 6ejionoBCTaHueB neyKOM-
nueKTOBaHHOCTbio nacTefi HPA, hx ManoHHcneHHoCTbio.
MHoroKpaxHwe nepe^opinHposaHHa HPA B.K.BjnoxepoM flewcTBHTejibHO
croJib pe3KO CHH3HHH 6oecnoco6HOCTb HacxeH, hto ohh He motjih oKa3aTb aoc-
TOHHOrO COnpOTHBJieHHa. ^OCTaTOMHO CKasaTb, HTO 6bIJIO 3HaHHTejIbH0e K0J1H-
qecTBO HapofloapMeiiHeB, KOTopbie hh pa3y He crpenajiH H3 bhhtobkh, ecrecT-
BeHHO, ohh b naHHKe HanajiH OTCrynaTb npH nepBbix Bbicxpejiax. npn 3tom no-
crpoeHHe o6opoHaromHxca bohck HPA b nepBOH nanoBHHe ,neKa6pa 6bmo Ta-
KHM, HTO B 6oK>, KaK npaBHJIO, yiaCTBOBajIO OT HeCKOUbKHX B3B0A0B ao AByx 6a-
TajibOHOB 6e3 cooTBeTCTByiomeH aprHJuiepHiicKOH noanepacKH. Ha >Kejie3H0H
flopore aeHCTBOBan ojwh 6poHenoe3fl JV° 7, xots tojibko BOHCKa C.M.CepbiuieBa
b OKTa6pe-Hoa6pe 1920 ro^a b 6oax c BOHCKaMH r.M.CeMeHOBa 3axBaTHJiH 16
HcnpaBHbix 6poHenoe3aoB.

'
KoMamyroiUMM BoflcKaMH [TpHMOpCKoro BoeHHoro paiioHa b aro BpeMa 6bui JleyiiJHH,
Han zui bH h kom uiTa6a Kouikhh h bochkomom HnbHH. 13.12.21 r. LUTa6 BoeHHoro paftoHa nepe-
MMCHOBaH b IIlTa6 napTorpjwoB ripHMopcKoii o6nacTH.
32
 Eme 24 Hoa6pa, Koraa 6ejionoBCTaHUbi b&jih ycneuiHHe 6oeBbie aeficTBHa
npOTHB napTH3aK npHMopba, coniacHO npHKa3y Ns 291, Hjich BoeHHoro CoBeTa
npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra E.H.MejibHHKOB OTCTpaHmi A.iLJIamiHa ot
KOMaHflOBaHHa OKpyroM h caM Bcrynun b aojiacHocn. KOManayiomero BOHCKaMH
oKpyra. C 5 Hoa6pa BpeMeHHo HcnojmaiomHM o6saaHHOCTH TjiasKOMa HP A h
OnoTa h BoeHHoro MHHHcrpa ffB? bmccto B.K.Bjiioxepa, ySbiBiuero Ha nepero-
Bopw c anoHuaMH b KHTaK, 6mji C.M.CepbiiueB. OuemiB cKJiaabiBaBiiryioca 06-

craHOBKy, oh 3 aeKa6pa, Ha3Ha^HB BMecro ce6a HjieHa BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA

EBreHHa AHapeeBHHa TpncjpoHOBa (b aojdkhocth HBC HPA c 21 HoaSpa 1921 r.)
h 3axBaTHB c co6oh BpeMeHHo 3aMemaBEiero ero Ha nocTy KOMaHayiomero boh-
cKaMH 3a6afiKajibCKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra A.K.OneroHTOBa, oTnpaBHJica H3 Hn-
Tbi B Xa6apoBCK, Kyaa npH6bia 11 fleKa6pa. no6biBaB Ha <ppoHTe, CepbimeB
npHHan Ha ce6a pyKOBoacTBO 6oeBHMH aeiicTBHaMH. A.K.OjieroHTOBa b pojih
HOBoro KOMaHayiomero napra3aHaMH npHMOpba c rpynnofi TOBapHmeK ornpa-
bhji b Tbin k 6ejionoBCTaHuaM ana opraHroauHH naprH3aHCKoro a&HKmux.
IlocKonbKy c 11 Hoa6pa *IjieHOM BoeHHoro CoBera OKpyra 6bui n.n. no-
cTbimeB, to HMeHHO Ha ero noMomb b opraHroauHH aeftcrBeHHOH HaeoaoniHe-
ckoh h napxHHHO-nojiHTHHecKOH pa6oTbi Haaeajica C.M.CepbiiueB.
CepwuieB OTflan np«Ka3 o nepe6pocKe k Xa6apoBCKy H3 3a6aHKa^ba Oco-
6oro AMypcKoro nojiKa, H3 EjiaroBemeHCKa - 4 KaBanBH3HOHa* h 4 crrpeJiKOBoro
nojnca. Ho, khk oKa3anocb, nonK <J>aKTHHecKH cymecTBOBaji b BHfle anyx. HeyKOM-
nneKTOBaHHbix 6aTajibOHOB, h cMbicna b ero nepe6pocKe He 6bi.no.
17 aeKa6pa H3 KOMaHflnpOBKH b KHTaii b ^HTy B03Bparanca B.K.Ejnoxep.
Ha cjieayioiuHH aeHb oh oTaan npHKa3, b kotopom yKa3an Ha TaKTHnecKHe npo-
cneTbi KOMaH^HpoB nacrei* h noapa3fleJieHHfi, yMOiHaB o crpaxerHHecKHx npo-
cneTax KOMaHflOBaHHa HPA b Bonpocax co3aaHHa rpynnHpoBOK bohck Ha rearpe
BoeHHbix fleficTBHH, b SoeBOH noflroTOBKe HapoaoapMeiiijeB. 3aKaHHHBajica npH-
Ka3 cjiosaMH 06 oTaane nofl cya BoeHHoro TpnSyHajia OTcrynHBiuHx 13 aeKaSpa
ot JloHHaKOBO h hx paccTpejie* 5 B nooieayioiueM hctophkh ony6jiHKOBbiBajiH
.

3tot npHKa3 6e3 nocjieflHHx cTponeK o paccrpenax.

C.M.CepbiuieBa 19 aeKa6pa o$Hu,HajibHO Ha3HaHaiOT KOMaHflyiomHM boh-
CKaMH npHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra, a 23 aeKa6pa A.^.JIanHHa Ha3HanaioT
KOMaHflyiomHM 3a6aiiKa^:bCKHM bochhbim OKpyroM. npoH3ouuia nepecTaHOBKa,
Koraa He cnpaBHBniHHca c noaroTOBKOH bohck OKpyra k 6oeBbiM aeHCTBHaM
CTaBJieHHHK B.K.Bjiioxepa h flajibSiopo UK PKn(6) nepe!io>KHJi Taacecrb houih
Ha nireHH aajibHeBocTOHHHKa.
Pa3roBapHBaa no npaMOMy npOBoay c B.K.BjiioxepOM, C.M.CepbiiueB 19
AeKa6pa CKa3an: "Si HHKoraa He npeanoaaraji, Koraa exaji cioaa, mo BCTpeny He
nojiKH, a oflHH Kaapbi aa TbinoBbie ynpoKaeHHa h eaoKOB b BHfle norpaHBoiicK h
o6»ejiaopa, h hct hm HHCJia. Si aojihcch 6hji 6m CHaxb c ce6a oTBeTCTB eH h o crb 3a

"
4 k3b. abh BxoiiHJi 8 cociaB 4 Kn Ha ocHOBaKHH np«Ka3a FIpHaMBO Ns 4-8.10.21 r., ko-
ropbiM 6bmo npoBeaeHO nepei^opMHpoBaHHe Macrefi AMypcKofi ahbh3HH. 3thm 06-wicHHKyrcji
pauiHHHH b MeMyapax ynacTHHKOB m aoKyMeHTax, Koraa onHctiaaioT coSbrrHH 19 MKa6pa b Ka-
3aKCBHHCBO. Pa3Hfaie HCTOHHMKM CBH^CTCJIbCTByiOT O 4 Kn H 4 KaB. JIBH.
). 3.. MO
33
caany Xa6apoBCKa, h6o TaKOBaa 6wjia noaroTOBJieHa
ro«OBOH pa6oT0H h acena-
." 66
Hepes He-
HHeM coKpaTHTb apMHfo TeM, kto acejiaji ApMHio HMeTb 15-20000..
hto sa nopaaceHna b 6oax Haao
cKOJibKO AHefi n.n.nocTbimeB CKasaji Bnroxepy,
ho h b nepByio one-
3annaTHTb He TonbKO roJioBaMH CepwmeBa h nocTbiuieBa,

peab tojioboK Enmxepa.

6taiwe bsajih Xa6apoBCK. Kpacnbie oTCTynmiH ao cTaHUHH
Mh.
22 aeica6pa
B xoae AeKa6pbCKoro OTCTynaeHHH HPA norepajia b hw 6e B03BP aTHbix no-
3

3 caMOJieTa, okojio 30 opyflHH aprajmepHH h, no caMWM

repb 6poHenoe3fl JVe 7,
cKpoMHMM noacHeraM, okojio 600 neroBeK.
craw™ Hh oaepacajia xpynHyio no-
B HOHb c 27 Ha 28 aeKa6pa HPA Ha
6eay nojuomuiyK) MopajibHwfi ayx 6ohuob h KOMaHanpoB.
B TeneHHe nonyTopa
Mecsues b xoae 6oeB h ciwreic Ha npocrpaHCTBe Me>KAy
Hhom h BononaeBKOH
hx nepeHTH k oGopoHe.
KpacHMM yaajiocb HSMoraTb chjim 6enwx h BMHyairrb
B.A.nonoBa 6 aHBapa aa>Ke ob-
npH 3T0M BOHCKa noa npaMbiM KOMaHflOBaHHeM
yaepacaTb ee. Eenbie BHOBb saxBaTHJin Bo-
BojionaeBKoft, ho He CMorjiH
jiaaeJiH
jioiaeBKy h caenajiH ee uempoM o6o Pohm, nocKQjiwcy saecb HaxoaHJiacb roc-

noACTByiomaa Bbicora. 06opoHa crpoHJiacb no npHHUHny onopHbix i> ktob,

naceneHHbie nymcra. Ha BojionaeBKe 6wjih bos, lenbi
y 3 Jia M H kotophx 6bmn
npoBOJioKH.
o6opoHHTejibHbie coopyweHHa c 2-3 paaaMH kojuomch
a3HaHHJiH Hanr
Kpacnbie ana yKpenneHHa CBoero Tbuia c 27 H eica6pa H
hhkom Tbina npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro oxpyra HneHa BoeHHoro CoBcra
HP^
E.A.TpH(J)OHOBa cero inecTOM n pe6biBaHHa b EiiarOBemeHCKe.
B ero pacnopa>Ke-
aoJDKHOCTH HBC npnaM-
Hne c 27 Aexa6pa noanexaji HanpaB/ieHHto h chbtmh c
ho oh ocraBanca Ha 4>poHT e h b nepBOH aeKaae
BoeHOKpyra E.H.MejibHHKOB,
aHBapa. B aHBape yBoneH no 6o;ie3HH H3 paflOB apMHH.
HwTHHCKaa
Ms 3a6ai«cajiba Ha Boctohhmh $ Poht 6mjih nepe6pomeHbi 1
TpoHUKOcaBCKHii KaBnojiK, 06-beflH-
c6p, OTaejibHbifl Hhthhckhh KaBAHBH3HOH,
bohck, b KOMaHaoBaHHe kotopoh
HeHHue c 22 fleKa6pa b 3a6aHKanbcK yio rpynny
Mhthhckoh
BcrynHH H Tomhh, oaHOBpeMeHHO nasHaieHHbiu h KOMaHflHpOM 1
3a6aHKanbCK0H rpynnbi h Hhthhckoh c6p craji
c6p HananbHHKOM luraSa
1

1 Hhthhckoh c6p crano

hx saMecTHTejiaMH.
BC PycaeBBbiBiuee KOMaHaoBaHHe
BbiBUiHe napxHsaHbi b EjiaroBemeHCKe 25 fl
eKa6pa noa npeflceaarejibCT-
qenoBeK PeBiiiTa6, HMeBUinfl nenbto o6i.eflHHHTb
bom C C UlmiOBa cosaajiH H3.7
peuiirrenbHiJii OTnop bm-
BOKpyr ce6a B cex, kto cnoco6eH OK a 3 aTb apyatHbifi h
n Koropwe b tot momcht ywe bo-
ABHHyBiiiHMca H3 P HMO P ba 6enon0BCTaHnaM,
HH PeBui T a6a 6tmo cBoeo6pa3HOH
mnH b npeaenbi AMypcKoft o6jiacra. Co3aa e
3toh npHHHHe B.K.Bmoxep
oueHKofl aeaTejibHocTH KOMaHflOBaHHa HPA, h no
napTHsaH, o6BHHaa hx nyxb jih He b
nosen apocTHyro 6o P b6y nporaB cTapsix

>Keaa H HH BOCCTaxb npoTHB Cobctckoh anacTH* B xoa 6hjih nymenu napTHHHbie

.

•
Peaj!bHO CoBeTCKaa BJiacib b AwypcKofi
ycmwM
o6^ac™ 6jiaro a ap« A.N4.To6e^bco H a-
M.A.Tp«nHccepa turn ynpa M He H a b h.d-
KpacHomeKOBa K nommMitccapa npa BmB nbcraa JIBP
1920 roaa.
34
pbi<iarn h B03fleiiCTBHe Ha CBoero 6paTa uieHa npaBHTenbexBa flBP
rj C.UlHflOBa.
IIepe6pocKa na Boctohhmh 4>poHX Bcex 6oecnoco6Hwx nacxefi H3 3a6aiS-
KaJita o6ycjioBHJia bboa m
Cobctckoh Pocchm Ha xeppHxopHio ^BP 104 cxpeji-
koboh 6pHraAti (C.C.BocxpeuoB). IlonbiTKa B.K.Emoxepa co3aaxb KaB^nBH3HK>
(/I.H.KopoTaeB) He yseHHajiacb ycnexoM 67 .

C0CpeflOTOHHB Ha ({ipOHTe npaKTHHeCKH BCIO HPA, KpOMC HeCKOJlbKHX 6a-

TajitoHOB, acKaapoHOB h xeppHTOpnajn>Hbix nojiKOB, Bomimx 6opb6y c 6aHfl-
(jiopMHpoBaHHHMH m peHflOBOH oneparaBHo-MaHeBpeHHOH rpynnofi nojiKOBHHKa
fl.cp.KapTOBa-HnbKOBa, HaHOCMBirjeii yaapbi no TbuiaM KpacHbix, B.K.Bjiioxep
26 HHBapji 1922 ro^a npH6bui b mxa6 cjjpOHxa Ha cxaHiiHio Enpa, rae Ha Mecre
03HaKOMHncH c 6oeBofi cHxyanHefi h cocTOaHHeM qacxeii cj)poHxa.
TTocjie npH6biTHfl KaBnacTeii n3 3a6afiKajibH 12 aHBapa 1922 roiaa 6bma
c<j>opMnpoBaHa CBOflHaa KaB6pwraaa b cocraBe TpoHiiKocaBCKoro KaBnojiKa
(r.r.IIeTpoB; oh ace KOM6pHr), 4 KaBnonica (A.H.CyHcpy; Aptioxobckhh 6biJi
CH3T c aojiMCHocTH H3-3a HeBbinonHeHHH npnKa3a b xofle nepBoro HacTymreHHa Ha
BoJionaeBKy 5-6 HHBapa), OxaenbHoro Mhxhhckofo KaBflHBH3HOHa. CBOOTaa
KaB6pHraaa npocymecxBOBana ao 3 cpeBpana. IMMiexpoB 29 aHBapa 6biJi paHeH
nofl 3a6&JioBCKoa, h BMecxo Hero KOMaanoBaTb TpoHUKOcaBCKHM nonKOM 6hji
Ha3HaneH <t>.B.BacnjibeB.
npH6bIBIIIHH Ha BoCXOIHblH <J)pOHT H.^.ToMHH, #aBHHH COpaTHHK
B.K.Ejiroxepa no YpajibCKOMy noxoay h KOMaH^oBaBuiHH b KpacHofl ApMHH
KOHHbiM KopnycoM h KaBflHBH3HeH, 12 HHBapa 6biJi Ha3HaneH KOMaHflyiomHM
Hhckoh rpynnofl bohck, oflHOBpeMeHHo ocTaBaacb KOMaHflyiomHM 3a6aflKajib-
ckoK rpynnofi bohck, hto c}>aKXHHecKH npeflonpeaenHJio ero KOMaHflosaHHe Bce-
mh BOHCKaMH BocroHHoro 4>poHTa. 3xo B03MyTHJio C.M.CepbiuieBa, h oh no-
Tpe6oBan ot B.K.Emoxepa acHoc™. 11 aHBapa h3 bohck Hhckoh rpynnbi c$op-
MHpoBaHa AMypcKaa CBOflHaa cxpejiKOBaa 6pnraaa (B.A.iTonoB; co 2.02.22 r. -
5I.3.noKyc) b cocraBe 5 h 6 cxpejiKOBbix hojikob,Oco6oro AMypcKoro nojiKa, h
nocjie pacc[)opMHpOBaHHfl Cboahoh KaBSpHraflbi k Heft npnaaH 4 KaBnojiK. Ha-
najibHHKOM urraSa Cboahoh c6p k fl.3.1l0Kycy 6wji HaiHaneH HX-BynraKOB-
EejibCKHH, Hbe hmh Ha onepaTHBHbix aoKyMeHxax Toro BpeMeHH b FocynapcT-
BeHHOM apxHBe XaGapoBCKoro Kpaa kto-to xmaxenbHO 3aMapbiBaji KapaHflauiOM
h Tynibio, nojiaraa, hto faK mo>kho BbinepKHyxb hmh H3 HcxopHH 68 .

CorjiacHO o6meMy nnaHy BojionaeBCKOH onepauHH, cocTaBJieHHOMy 15

aHBapa C.M.CepbiiueBbiM m HcnojiHaBiiiHM aojraHocxb HananbHHKa inxa6a Boc-
ToiHoro (JjpoHTa B.C.EpeMHHWM* h BbrcnaHHOMy b Hnxy Ha yxBepacaeHHe
B.K.Ejnoxepy b BHfle npoeKxa npnKa3a JN° 34 BocTOHHOMy (})poHxy, b nepHOA c 8
no 14 cpeBpana 6bma nposeaeHa Bojio liaeBCKaa onepanwa, 3aBepinHBUiaaca oc-
Bo6o)KfleHHeM ropoaa XaSapoBCKa 6 '.

'
ripHiouciM Ns 69 ot 8.2.22 r. c 3 <}>eBpajiH BPMH Hill Boctohhoto <J)pOKTa Ha3HaMeH ne-
JieHKMH Ilerp HKoaneBHi, ho b iioji>KHOCTb Bcrytiiui 4.02.22 r. BnecTo rieneHKHHa HLU Boct.
*p. np. N2 100 ot II Mapra Ha3HaneH LUkojihh MpnaH MpnaKOBHH, npuHHji aojiatHOCTt ot
OcjieHKHHa 28 Mapra 1922 r.
J- 35
 B xo/je BojionaeBCKofi onepauHH HPA noTepajia SoJiee 550 HejiOBeK y6*i-
TblMH H 1 250 pEHCHblMH H o6MOpO5KeHHbIMH 70 \
B o63ope onepaTHBHoro ynpaBJieHHa niTa6a HPA o xoae BoJionaeBCKOH
onepauHH CKa3aHo: "IIpothbhhk, Mano nocrpaflaBuiHH 6jiaroAapa cnjibHOH
o6opoHocnoco6HOCTH BonoMaeBCKoro pafioHa, b nopa^tKe oTCTynam no xenez-
hoh aopore Ha IloKpoBKy..." 71
EenonoBCTaHUH, npecjieayeMMe HacraMH HPA, OTCTynHJiH b npKMopbe h
cnpaTajiMCb 3a iDTbrcaMK anoHueB, npoTHB KOTopwx HPA He HMena npaBa bccth
6oeBbix jxeHCTBHH Ha ocuoBaHHH noflnncaHHoro c hhmh corjiauieHHfl.
Hepe3 flse HeaenH nocne ocBo6o>K,neHiia Xa6apoBCKa B.K.fijiioxep chaji c
.HOJiHCHOCTeM KoMaH^yiomero Boctohhhm cJjpohtom C.M.CepbiuieBa h ^jieHa
BoeHHoro CoBCTa n.n.nocTbiuieBa" He Mor oh npocTHTb hm npainoro yKa3a-
.

huh Ha ero BHHy b nopaaceHHax apwtHH.

flna npaBHJibHoro noHHMaHHa 6oeBbix achctbhh HenocpeaCTBeHHo b pafl-
OHe cena h craHUHH BononaeBKa cjieayer aca3aTb HecKontKo cjiob o 6ocbom co-
CTaBe 6ejiwx h KpacHbix.
no coctoshhio Ha 10 (JieBpans 6ejibie noa KOMaHaoBaHHeM nojiKOBHHKa
A<})HHoreHa TaBpHHJiOBHHa ApryHOBa Ha BononaeBKe hmcuh 2070 uiTbiKOB, 605
ca6enb, 26 nyjieMeTOB, 6 opyflHH h 2 6poHenoe3fla c 4 opyjiHHMH h okojio 16 ny-
jieMeTaMH. Ilocne yxoaa HOHbio 12 (j>eBpajia k HHHCHecnaccKOMy noBonaccKOH
6pnraaM npH 9 nyjieiweTax h 2 opy^Hax
b KOJiHHecTBe 900 bjthkob, 200 ca6ejib
ana no,unep>KKH rpynnw reHepajia HHKHTHHa, cpaHcaBineiica npoTHB 3a6aHKajib-
cKofi rpynnbi bohck HPA, Ha BononaeBKe ocTanocb, 6e3 yieTa noTepb, 1170
ujthkob, 405 ca6ejib, 1 7 nyneineTOB h 4 opyruia, noanepscHBaeMbix 2 6pOHenoe3-
aaMH. TpeTHfl 6poHenoe3fl Haxoamica b Tbijiy okojio nepenpasw 4epe3 AMyp 72 .

B Cboahoh crpejiKOBoii 6pHraae 5I.3.noKyca, unrypMOBaBuieii BojionaeB-

Ky, 6hjih 5, 6 h OcoSmm AMypcKHfi crpejiKOBbie iiojikh, 4 KaBanepHHCKHH nojiK,
a TaK*e npHflaHHHfi 3 crpejiKOBbiii nonK, nojmepacHBaeMMe 2 6poHenoe3flaMH c
4 opyAHaMH h 32 nyjieineTaMH. ApTHJinepna 6wna npeacraBJieHa 12 opyanaMH
Tpex SaTapew h 2 opyflHaMH Oco6oro AMypcKoro nojiKa. Ecjih ynecTb, hto
cTpejiKOBbie iiojikh hmcjih HeKOMnjieKT h noTepn b jihhhom cocraBe no 50%, to
12 dpeBp&na npHHHMajro yHacrae b HacrynneHHH Ha BononaeBKy He MeHee 5000
uithkob, 1000 ca6ejn. npH 130 nyjieMeTax h 14 opyanax, noflflepHCHBaeMbie 4
opyjutaMH h 32 nyneMeTaMH 6poHenoe3flOB. TperaH 6poHenoe3a HPA HaxoflHJi-
ca b TbiJiy. B Hacroamefl pa6oTe He paccMaTpHBaerca cooTHOmemie chji h
cpeacTB Ha TyHryccKOM, AinypcKOM h XHHraHCKOM HanpaBJieHwax, Hcnojib3o-
BaHHbix o6eHMH CTopoHaMH, TaK KaK 3TO HiweeT JiHiiib onocpeacrrBOBaHHoe ot-
HomeHHe k Teine nepedpopMHpoBaHHM b HPA...

*
ripencTaBHTMb urra6a 5 KpacHoft Apmhh npn llft-aGe HPA 12 cpeBparca no npawoMy
npoBoay coo6mn^ b urra6 5 Apmhh, hto ySHTbw h yMepuiHx paHeHbix npH nepeao3Ke 572 iejio-
Bexa.
" 26 (pespa^a 1922 r. CepwuieB h nocrbiuiee o6pamiiHCb c npowa/ibHMM nncbMOM k Ha-
poaoapMetiuaM b cb«jh c y6brraeM b ueHTp.
36

-T-iirlrmfirr ^^^^^^^l^.
 Pa3yMeexcfl,noTepH HPA b xoae 6oeB 6hjih He tojieko b jihhhom cocrraBe
ji rexHHKe, ho h b noniaaax.
Ilo cocToaHHK) Ha 5 anpejia yKOMnneKTOBaHHOCTt BepxosHMH jiouiaaaMH
Boctoihoto (JjpoHTa b KaBHacTJix cocTaBHJia TOJibKO 1541 npH uiTaxax b 3192
jioiuaflH, to ecTb jihiiis 50%. He Jiynme 6mjio nojioaceHHe hb3h5 apT6ajapeax,

rae H3 nonoHceHHbix 81 apTHJinepHHCKOH nomaaa 6mjio TonbKO 21

73
3to xapaK-
.

repii30Bano 6oecnoco6Hocrb KaBajiepHH h apTHJuiepHH.

B uejwx nojiHTHMecKoro npHKpbiTHH BoeHHO-3KOHOMH<iecKOH noMOiuw
PCOCP AajibHe-BocTOiHofl PecnySjiHKe 16 4>eBpajia 1922 roaa npcuceaaTejieiu
npaBHTejibCTBa ^BP HwKOJiaeM MHxaitnoBHHeM MaTBeeBbiM h npeacraBHTejieM
PC<t>CP, HJieHOM KOjmerHH no HHOcrpaHHbiM aejiaiu JIbBOM MnxaHH0BHHeM Ka-
paxaHOM 6bUi noanHcaH floroBOp 06 skohomhhcckom coio3e Meatfly flBP h
PCOCP.
B anpejie SbiJia paccinoTpeHa coBepuieHHo ceKpexnaa KOHBeHUHa o coBMe-
cthmx o6opoHHTenbHbix h HacrynaTenbHHx aeflCTBHax bohck flajibne-
BOCTOHHOH Pecny6KMKH H POCCHHCKOH CoUHaJIHCTHHeCKOH cpefleparaBHOH Co-
BeTCKoK Pecny6jiHKn, b CTarbe 1 -Pi KOTopoii cropoHbi o6a3ajincb bo Bcex cnynaax
74
OKa3biBaTb o6oK>AHyio BOOpyaceHHyro noanepacKy .

C 11 MapTa O^HUHaJIbHO KOMaHflyiOmHM BOCTOHHMM <j)pOHTOM cran

H.3.rtoKyc, a CBOflHyio crpejiKOByio 6pnraay BHOBb B03niaBHJi B.A.IlonoB, xots
peajibHo ohh BbinojiHflJiH 3th o6H3aHHOCTH y*e c 26 (pespana. EbiBiuero c 4 $eB-
pajifl HanaiibHHKOM uiTa6a BocroHHoro cjjpoHTa n.H.llejieHKHHa 28 MapTa ciwe-

HHJl A.A.IIlKOnHH.
KoMaHflyiomnfi 3a6aHKajibCKoii rpynnofl H.^.Tomhh h ero HaiajibHHK
uiTa6a B.C.PycHeB c 1 anpena 3anHcneHbi b pe3epB TuaBKOMa HPA h OjioTa, b
KOMaanoBaHHe 1 Hhthhckoh 6pHra,noH BHOBb BcrynHJi n.H.Ky3bMHH, a Haiajib-
hmkom urraSa CTan K.H.HenaeB. (CiweHa npOH3onma eme b MapTe.)
nooue anpejibCKHX 6oeBbix ctwhck c smoHCKHMH BoficKaMH b xofle npecne-
aoBaHHH 6ejionoBCTaHueB H HeyflanHbix neperoBopoB yno/iHOMOieHHoro Boc-
tohhoto cfipoHTa TeoprHa BuccapHOHOBHna JIe6eneBa c anoHuaMH o nponycxe
bohck HPA TnaBKOM HPA h OnoTa B.K.Bjiioxep BHOBb npHcrynHJi k nepe^op-
MHpoBaHH»M. CornacHo npnKa3y >fe 277 ot 2 Man 1922 roaa Bee BoficKa o6"beflH-
HajiHCb b CBOiwyio crpenKOByio ,h,hbh3HK>, h co3flaH IllTa6 bohck npnaMypcKoro
Kpaa. B CBOflHyio ahbh3hio boiujih: 1 HHTHHCKaa c6p (TLH.Ky3bMHH* no niTaTy ;

10814 nen., 12 opyzn™, 54 nyji.) b cocTaBe en (Jl.H. KoTenbHHKOB), 2 cn

1

(K).A.Bajia6yxa), 3 cn (M.H.MepeMHtrx), JierKHH apTflHBH3HOH, poTa cb«3h, ca-

nepHaa poTa, no,apa3flejieHHa o6ecneqeHHa, OTflen cHa6»ceHHJi, caHHTapHaa h Be-

TepHHapHan nacTH; 2 EjiaroBemeHCKaa c6p (B.A.nonoB; no uiTaTy 7892 neji., 12

opyAHfl h 36 nyneMeTOB) b cocraBe 4 cn (H.M.Hcbojihh), 5 cn (H.fl.IIIaMOHHH),
nencHH apTflHBH3HOH, poTbi canepHaa h cbsoh, OTaeJi CHa6>KeHHfl, caHHTapHaa h

"
npUKa30M N9 203 ot 24.6.22 r. n.H.Ky3bMKH chht c ao^xhocth, oraaH no^ BoeHHwii
cya, BPHfl KOMaHjiHpa 1 Hhtkhckom c6p HasHaqeH KOMaHJWp 2 cn TeoprHH (KJpHfi) AjicxcaHH-
poBHi Bana6y>;a.

1
BeTepuHapHas nacxw; KaApoBO-yHeSHaa 6pHraaa (B.B.TypcKHH; no mxaxy 2452
neji., 12 opyaHH, 18 nyjieMeTOB) b cocTaBe KaapoBO-yneSHoro noma
(A.H.3axapoB - c 16.05.22 r.; H3 6biBiuero opaeHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH 6 cxpejnco-
Boro ncuiKa), KaflpoBO-yneSHbix canepHoii poxbi, apxHjuiepHHCKOH 6aTapen h
KaBanepHHCKoro flHBH3HOHa, TpoHUKOcaBCKoro KaBnojitca (O.B.BacHjibeB; no
mxaxy 1245 Hen., 4 opyana, 8 nyjieMexoB). KpoMe xoro, CBOflHaa crpejiKOBaa
AHBH3HH HMena 3 6pOHenoe3,aa, oxnejibHbie canepHyio w aopo>KHO-MOCxoByio po-
TM, SaxajIbOH CBH3H, aBTOMo6nJIbHbIH OXpSfl, UIKOJiy nOflrOTOBKH KOMaHflHpOB
OTfleneHnn (no mxaxy 144 nenoBeKa njiroc 600 KypcaHXOB), apxmuiepHHcicyio
uiKOJiy MjiaauiHx HHcxpynxopoB, nojieBoe Ka3HaneHCXBO, oxnejieHiie BoeHHoro
cyaa h THnorpa^HK), ox,aejibHyioxaacejryio 6aTapeio (2 opyaHa).
06maa mxaxHaa HHcneHHOcxb Cbohhoh cxpenKOBOti ammmi cocxaBaana
24284 HejiOBena, 46 opyaHH, 98 nyjieMeTOB a Ha 6poHenoe3aax 6 opyann h 48 ny-
neMexoB".
HanajibHHKOM ,hhbh3hh cxaji JO.rioKyc, HanajibHHKOM nrxa6a -

A.A.UIkojihh* HananbHHKOM nojraxHHecKoro oxfle.ua Hhji Bojikob (c 6.5.22 r.),

,
-

cMeHCHHbin 17 mojia 3hhobhcm noxauiHHCKHM, h BoeHHbiM KOMHecapoM - AneK-

ceftABaeeB (c 6.5.22 r.)".
2 Maa 6bin ynpa3flHeH 3a6anKajibCKHH BoeHHbin onpyr, nocKOJibKy 6oeBbix
nacTeii Ha ero xeppHxopHM npanxtmecKH He 6bmo. Co3#axb KaBflHBH3Hio
(JI.H.KopoxaeB) b cocxaBe 1 KasGpHraaM (KapxameB) h 2 KaB6pnraflbi
(rpeManeBCKHn) Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a .N"° 502 ot 22 aeKaSpa 1921 ro.ua npaic-
THHecKH He yaajiocb. B pe3yjibxaxe nepe(J)opMHpoBaHHM OHa npeBparanacb b 1
Oxa. 3a6aKicajibCKHH KaB. nojiK (KapTameB A.E. no 12.6.22; KojiecoB H.n. - c
12.6).
4 Hioiia 1922 ro#a c .hoji>khocxh DiaBHOKOMaHflyromero HPA vt ct>Jioxa h
BoeHHoro MHHHcxpa £BP 6wji ch«t B.K.Bjnoxep. OcHOBHaa 3aAaia no jihkbh-
ABKmenHa Ha /JajibHeM Boctokc, cxoaBinaa ne-
nan.HH nocjieAHero onara 6enoro
pen hhm npn Ha3HaneHHH Ha BbicuiHe nocTbi b bochhom pyKOBOflcxBe A^P, He
6buia BbinojiHeHa.
3a cbok) aearenbHOCTb b ABP oh nonyHHJi rpanioxy 6jiaroaapcxBeHHyio h
3aBepeHHe, hxo ero pa6oTa 6bma nepBOH no co3aaHHio peryjiapHOH apMHH. IipH
3tom TaKTHHHo yMOJinajiH, Hxo H3-3a ero pe<})opM HPA oTcrynajia noa yaapaMH
HHcneHHO h TexHHHecKH cna6oro npoxHBHHica c ocxaBJieHHeM orpoMHbix npo-
CTpaHCTB xeppHTOpHH, yMonHanH n o xom, hxo OJiaroaapa ero jiHHHOMy pyKOBO-
ACXBy noa BojioMaeBKofl Jieraa nonxn oana xpexb HacxynaBuiHx bohck HPA, hxo
ero npHKa3 o paccxpene oxcxynHBinnx paaoBbix HapoaoapMefiueB, KOMaHAHpoB
h BoeHKOMOB - 3xo yronoBHoe npecxynaeHne. YMOJiHajiH, hxo oh nonynnji ox
npeamecxBeHHHKOB 36 cxpejiKOBbix u 15 KaeanepHHCKHx nojiKOB, a ocxajiocb no-

06a - c 4 Mas 1922 r. 13 hiojih np. Ns 234 bmccto rioicyca kohihbom Ha3HaxeH
M.M.OjibmaHCKHii.
" H.Bojikob ao 6.5.22 6bm Han. riojiHTHHecKoro orae^a, a A.Aaaee8 - Hjichom BoeHHoro
Coaera ripHaMypcKoro BO (c 3.2.22 r.).
38
 .

cTpenKOBbix h 2 KaBnomca ot Bcew HPA. riocjie

ait pe<i>opM h 6oeB TOJibKo 5
TpawiaHCKOH bohhm o 6biBuieM yHTep-o4>Huepe CTanH ciiaraTbca jiereHjnj, npo-
cjiaBJiaa nojiKOBOfliecKHH Tanam h 3a6biBaa o noJiKOBHHKax c o6pa30BaHHeM
AKafleMHM TeHepanbHoro UlTa6a, KOTopwe 3aHHMaJiH npaiowcKH Bee ochob-
Hbie flOJixHOCTH b lllTa6e TjiaBKOMa
HPA
h OjiOTa. 3to 6mjio cBoeo6pa3H0fi
flaHbio Toro BpeMeHH. Ho h b Hauie
BpeMa noaBJiaiOTca khmfh rana "3a6BeHba
b nocny>KH0H ciihcok, npnnHCM-
H eT" 3.UI.5lHry30Ba, b Koxopwx, He 3ama,o,biBaH
saioT nojiyMeHMe ^eTBepToro opneHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH 3a no6eay B BojionaeB-

ckoh onepau.Hn, xoTa stot opaeH 6bm eMy aaH k 10-jieTHK>

KpacHoK ApMHH b
KHHrax ynoMHHaHHa HeT o KoHCTaHTMHe AneKceeBHie
1928 roay. B TaKHx aaace
ABKceHTbeBCKOM, cMeHHBUieM B.K.Bjiioxepa Ha nocry DiaBKOMa HPA h OjiOTa
BoeHHoro MHHHcrpa ABP h npo6biBuieM b stoh aojdkhocth c 4 HKwia ao 17
h
aBrycTa 1922 roaa*
4 Hiojia 6hji T3K5KC Ha3Ha4eH hobwm HanajibHHK LLTra6a DiaBKOMa HPA
AmeKcaHflp ^MHTpHeBHq IDysaeB, cmchhbhihh Eopnca MHpoHOBHHa (DejibflMa-
Ha, B03rjiaBJiaBiuero nrra6 c 4 Maa no 4 vaoax.
K.A.ABKceHTbeBCKHH, BCTynHB b aoJiacHocTb, HeMeflneHHo npncTynHJi k
peopraHH3auHH apMHH, crpeMacb MHoroe B03BparaTb k TOMy, Kan 6bmo npH
r.X.3flxe.
B 3a6aHKajibe Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a N° 456 ot 20 Hiona BHOBb co3flaeTca
1 3a6aSKajibCKaa unBH3Ha H3 104 CTpejncoBOH 6pHranbi KpacHOH ApMHH**. Ha-
HanbHHK ,hhbh3hh A. ATjia3KOB, HanajibHHK uiTa6a - n.E. nonoBCKHH, KOMHCCap
- O.r.Ka3aK0B. IIojikh ahbh3hh crariH Ha3bmaTbca: 1 Mhthhckhh cn
(rHHJToewpoB; 6biBuinfl 311 cn), 2 HepHHHCKufi cn (6mbuihh 310 cn), 3 BepxHe-
yHHHCKHH cn (KoponeB; 6biBUiHH 312 cn). C$opMnpOBaHbi Akuihhckhh
KaBajie-
pa3HHHHbie cny*6bi o6ecneneHHa,
Phhckhh nojiK, canepHaH pOTa, pora cbh3H h
npeaycMOTpeHHwe urraTaMH ahbhshh. Ha hiojib 1922 roaa HHOieHHOCTb ahbhshh
cocTaBJiana 8598 ^ienoBeK 76 .

CBOflHaa CTpejiKOBaa AHBH3H3 b nepnoa c 20.7 no 7.8.22 r. 6bma nepecpop-

MHpoBaHa bo 2 npnaMypcKyio ahbh3hio c jiHKBKAauHeii 6pHraflHoft chctcmm.
AHBH3Hea c 27 Hiojia KOMaHAOBaji M.M.OjibiuaHCKHH. IToKyc 6wji Ha3Ha^eH
npnSbiB Ha
nepBbiM noMOmHHKOM HaiajibHHKa UiTa6a HPA. B nocjieayromeM,
4>pOHT BMecre c H.n.ySopeBHHeM, oh 6 OKT»6pa BcrynHT b KOMaHAOBaHHe 2

ripHaMypCKOii crpejiKOBOH AHBH3HeH.

BpeMeHHO HcnojiHaBuiHH AOJi>KHocTb HanajibHHKa niTa6a ahbh3hh
B.n.rnarojieB (hmcji aKajieMHHecKoe o6pa30BaHHe) 6hji yTBepxmeH b
aoiijkho-

CTH.BoeHHbIM KOMHCCapOM flHBH3HK OCTanCfl ABfleeB.

B cocraB «hbh3hh B omnH: 4 opAeHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH cn (A.H.3axapOB;
cct)opMHpoBaH H3 KaflpoBO-yHe6Horo opaeHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH
nojiKa h 3

'
npHKasoM Ns 218 ot 4 mio^h 1922 r. b HPA BfiepBbie Ha3H34eH rroMouiHHK TjiaBKOMa

HPA h mm ctaji Pu6aKOB MidxaMJi AneKcaHjipoBHH.

CSJioia
" 104 EjuiaraHCKafl c6p 35 cn np. Ne 172 ot 23.2.22 r. c 1 hhb.1922 r. noc T aBJieHa Ha ae-
He)K Hoe aoBOJibcTBHe b 3a6aa KaJibCKMii BO; np. N°
378 ot 16.6.22 r. 104 c6 P c 1 hkihh 1922 r.
BKJiiOHeHa B HPA.
3g
crpejiKOBoro nojiKa), 5 Amypckhh cn (B.M.HepHois; c^opMHpoBaH ro 4 k 5 cn), 6
XaSapoBCKHH cn (K).A.Eajia6yxa, c 10.09.22 r. - r.B.KoHApaxbeB; c$opMHpoBaH

H3 1 h2 cn), TpoHUKOcaBCKHii KaBajiepHHCKHH hojik (O.B.BacHJibeB), JiencHH ap-

XHJIJiepHHCKHH AHBH3HOH (EyJIbBHHCKHH^ 12 OpyflHH), ray6H<iHblH AHBH3H0H
(flbHHKOB), noflpa3flejieHH» ooecneneHHs h cny>K6bi cornacHo mxaxavr ahbh3HH.
ripoH3BeAeHO nepe^opMHpOBaHHe iuxa6a h ynpaBneHHH, BoeHHo-
noJiHTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa, npHBefleHbi b cooxsexcrBHe c AeHCXBHxejrbHbiMH
noTpeSHOcraMH HHJKeHepHbie nacxH, BOHCica cb«3h, bochhmx coo6meHHH, opra-
Hti cHa6weHHa, ynpexAeHHa h 3aBe^eHHH BoeHHO-caHHTapHbie h bochho-
BeTepHHapHbie 77 .

16 Hiojia 6mji 0-waH npHKa3 BC HPA N° 440 o c4>opMHpoBaHnn OxAeJib-

aBrycxa -
hoh flajibHe-BocTOHHOM KaB6pHraaw (E.B.Ba™aH, c 25
B.A.norpe6oB) h KaBnojiKa ajih 1 3a6aHKanbCKoii ahbh3mh (oh nonynHJi Ha3Ba-
HHe AKUIHHCKOro)* .

hx 4>opMHpoBaHHa 6wjih B33TM 2 6pnraAa 5 Ky6aHCKoii KasflHBH3HH,

fljia
KaBajiepHHCKaa uiKona HoBo-3aBOJi>KCKOH KpacHorycapcKOH SpnraAM, Oiaenb-
hmh 3a6afiKaJibCKHH KaBnonK, OxAejibHaa KOHHO-ropHaa 6axapea TponuKOcaB-
CKOrO KaBHOJIKa, KaflpOBO-yie6HbIH KaBAHBH3HOH H3 CBOflHOH CTpeJIKOBOM flH-
BH3HH H OTflejIbHblH KaB3CKaflpOH 1 HhXHHCKOH c6p.
OT^eJibHyio flaJibHe-BocroHHyra KaB6pnraay bouijih: 1 Ky6aHCKHH KaB-
B
nonK (.HnxyHOBCKHH), 2 HoBO-3aBOJi»ccKHH KpacHorycapcKHfl nonK (XpionHH), 3
3a6aflKajibCKHfl KaBnom (KonecoB), OxAejibHaa KOHHo-ropHaa 6axapea, canep-
h CBJ13H nojiyscKaApoHbi, SpHraAHbift jia3aper, nojiHXHHecKMH oxacji h oxa&h
Hbiii

BoeHHoro cy^a. 06maa HHcneHHocxb flB KaB6pHraflw, 6e3 neinero AHBH3H0Ha,

C({>opMHpoBaHHoro b ceHxa6pe, conuacHO uixaxaM cocxaBHJia 2941 ManoBeK, 2878
nouiaAefi,4 opyana, 18 nyjieiwexoB 78 .

17 aBryCTa bhobi, nponcxoAHX CMeHa DiaBKOMa HPA h 0>Jioxa h BoeHHO-

ro MHHHCxpa ABP. Bhcuihh KOMaHflHHH nocx 3aHHMaex HepoHHM TlexpoBHH
ry6apeBHM-Y6opeBHH. HaiajibHHKOM IHxaSa HPA c 21 aBrycxa cxaHOBuxca
HBaH BacnnbeBHi Cmopoahhob.
ripn H.n.ry6apeBHHe-y6opeBHMe npoAOJiHcaexca HapamHBaHHe moiuh
HPA 3a ciex bohck, nocxynaroumx H3 5 KpacHOH ApMHH. 11 ceHxa6pa npn6bi-
79 Hepe3 HeaejiK), 18
Baex 16 »ejie3Hoaopo5KHbiH nojiK (no urxaxy 1106 nenoBeK) .

-
ceHxa6pa, npn6biBaer 36 cxpenKOBaa aHBH3na (C.B.Hhkhxhh, Hill
A.H.HyryHOB c 18.09.22 r.),
- xoxopyio c 20 nncjia cxaBax b HPA Ha Bee bhah
AOBOJibcxBHa. <l)opMHpyioxca AJia ahbh3hh 36 KaBnonx h ray6HHHbifl apxAHBH-
3hoh. Ha hx 4>opMHpoBaHHe o6pamaiox KaBajiepmo h apxHJUiepHio H3 35 cxpeji-
KOBOH AHBH3HH KpaCHOH ApMHH 80 .

Kohckhm cocxas HPA no coctoshhk> Ha 30 ceHxa6pJi Aocrar 7090 Jioma-

Aen 81 .

•
EPr Ky6aHCKoft ksb. hhbh3mh np. Ni> 451 or 18.7.22 c 1 mojia 1922 r. BiaiKMeHa
2 K38 5
nprncasoM
b B.A. norpe6oB 6bui KOMaHawpoM 2 kbb. EPr 5 KySaHCKoi* KaB. ahbhshh.
HPA.
Ns 233 ot 15 hiojih 1922 r. b obh3h c 6oJie3Hbio eMy npeaocTaB^eH omycK c noeaflKoK
b Cobct-
CKyio Pocchio. BPHa; KOMaranpa KaB. BPr Ha3HaneH E.B. BaTMan. 25.08.22 r.
norpe6oB Bep-
HyjICH.
40
 npOBOflHBiueeca ABKceHTbeBCKHM coKpameHHe napraHHo-nojiHTHHecKoro
annapaTa 6bino npoaoJweHO h H.Il.y6opeBHHeM. IIlTaT BoeHHo-
nonHTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHa 6bui conpameH ao 65 nenoBeK, nojiHTHHecKoro ot-
82
flena ahbh3hh - #o 39 nejiOBeK, nojiHTOT^ena KaB6pHraabi - ao 23 nejiOBeK .

HHcneHHOcn, 2 ripHaMypcKOii hhbh3HH noBenena. ao 29029 HenoBeK. B THJiOBbix

Hacrrax b 3a6aHKajibe - 4957 nenoBeK, b npH6aiiKajibe - 648 83 .

B BOHCKax CB33H 6bmo 1172 nejiOBeKa, b flByx 6aTanbOHax oxpaHW h 060-

poHbi xcejie3Hbix sopor - 1098 HenoBeic. B BjiaroBemeHCKOM bochhom pafioHe

(B.A.BopoaaBKHH, H1II - B.C.EpeMHH) HaxoflHJiHCb 4 crpejiKOBbiH 6aTa;ibOH

AMypcKoro nonKa, 1 h 2 OT^ejibHbie 6aTajibOHbi k 4 h 5 KaB3CKaapOHbi norpan-
oxpaHH, a raioKe 6poHenoe3fla N° 115 h 23. EpoHenoe3X( N9 58 o6ecneqHBaji
3anaaHoe HanpaBJieHHe b 3a6aHicajibe, b IlpHaMypbe ocraB&iiHCb 6pOHenoe3fla 2,
8, 9. Cjieayer CKa3aTb, hto npw Y6opeBHHe 6biJia H3MeHeHa HyMepauiia 6poHeno-

e3flOB, hto npHBOAHT HHorfla k HeKOTopoii nyraHHue npn H3yneHHH 6oeBwx ao-
tcyMeHTOB Toro BpeMeHH. BpOHenoe3fl Ns 8 cran N° 35, N° 58 - JM° 24, .N° 115 -
No 34, 6poHenoe3fla N° 23 h Nb 12 6mjih pa3fleneHH Ka>KflbiH Ha flBa, co3AaHa
6pOHeneTyHKa, aBTo6pOHeoTpaa nojiynHji Ms 15. B uenoM 6poHecHJiw hmcjih 8-
6poHenoe3AOB, 6pOHeJieryHKy h aBTo6poHeoTpajj. EpoHenoe3£ N° 12 npH6bm b
cocraB HPA 5 ceHT«6pa.
HapoaHo-peBOJiiouHOHHbiH <|>noT, hmcbiuhh 6a3ofl Xa6apoBCK, BpeMeHHo

AO 3 OKTa6pa B03rjiaBJiaBinHHca II.A.TyHKOBbiM, jiHHHoro cocraBa HMen 1105

nejioBeK*.
npOHCXOflHJIH H3M6H6HHa H B 6eJIOrBa~p£(eHCKHX BOHCKax B IlpHMopbe. Bo
BnaaHBOCTOKe npoH3ouuia CMeHa npaBHTenbCTBa. TeHepaji-neHTeHaHT
M.K./^HTepHxc 11 nK>Ha 1922 ro^a 6bin Ha3HaneH KoMaHAyiomHM BoficicaMH h
(^jiotom BpeMeHHoro npHaMypcKoro npaBHTenbCTBa, BCKope oh nepeHMeHOBan
apMHK) b 3eMCKyK> PaTb, 06138^ ce6a 3€mckhm bocboaoh. M.K.flHTepnxc nep-
Bbifl h eflHHCTBeHHbiH, kto H3 npaBHTeneH Toro nepHoaa OTKpbrro 3aaBHn 0 ne-

o6xoflHMocro BoccTaHOBjieHHa b Pocchh uapcKOM BnacTH vs noBeji 3a 3to 6opb6y

npoTHB KpacHbix. B yxovi cBa3n npaBOMepHo Ha3biBaTb "6ejiHMH" tojimco BoiicKa
M.K.^HTepHxca b 3cmckoh Para, Bee >fce ocrajibHbie, BoeBaBume no aroro h ho-
CHBUiHe Ha3BaHHe "SertorBapfleiiubi", 4>aKTHHecKH 6bmn BoKcicaMH fleMOKpara-
HeCKOH KOHTppeBOJIIOUHH 84 .

06iuaa HHCJieHHOCTb 3cmckoh Para, coniacHo bcaomocth Ha oSecneneHHe

npoflOBonbCTBHeM, b aBrycre HM&rca 19922 nejiOBeica h 3623 JTOuiaflH 85 .

no oueHKe KOMaHflosaHHa HPA, 3eMCKaa PaTb b Haqane cemaSpa 1922

rofla HMana 6325 uitmkob, 1622 ca6jin, 77 nyjieMCTOB h 24 opyflHa. H3 hhx 21
nyneMeT h 8 opyanii na qeTbipex 6poHenoe3aax 86 .

"
CoraacHo npHKa3y HPA h <I>ji. N? 372 ot 13.6.1922 r. b HPA 6buio 7369 qejioBeK ko-
MamiHO-ajiMMHHCTpaTHBHoro cocTaija, 33744 - pfHOBbix HapojioapMeftueB, b HP<P - 362 neK.
KOMaHflKoro codaBa, 743 - psuiOBbix; 120 >ie^0BeK b pe3epBe UlTa5a HPA h BoeHnypa. B 104
c6p PKKA - 559 ieji. KOMannKoro cocTaBa k 6436 paaoBwx. B HK>;ie-OKTs6pe MKCjieHHocTb HPA
Bo3pocjia 3a cieT lacieii PKKA.
 no oueHKe ncTopHorpa<}>a 6ejioro ABH>KeHHa b ripHMopte
B.B.OHJiHMOHOBa, b ceHTa6pe 3eMCKaa Pan. HMejia 7218 uiTbiKOB h ca6ejib, 22
opyana b nojreBbix BOMCKax 87 .

CooTHomeHHe chji h cpeflCTB 6mjio sbho b nojib3y HapoaHo-

peBOJimuHOHHOH apMHH flBP, ho 2 ceHTa6pa 3eMCKaa Para Havana 6oeBbie aeft-
cTBHa b paflone IIlMaKOBKH, bm6hb oiryAa HapoaoapMeiiueB. CocpeaoTOHHB Ha
cppoHTe AOcraTOHHo chjt h cpeflCTB, HPA nepeinjia b HacrynjieHHe. 27 aBrycra
6biJia C03£aHa yAapHaa rpynna bo rnaBe c HanAHBOM 2 IlpHaMypCKOK
M.M.O^bmaHCKHM. B paftoH .Hkobjicbkh AJia noMomH napTH3aHCKHM oxpaaaM
ElpHMopba (MnxaHJi IleTpoBnq MbruiKHH-BojibCKHfi) 6wji HanpaBJieH cneunajib-
Hbiii OTpajj non HaqajioM BAXiojiburo^a, KOMaHAOBaBmero c 17 Hoa6pa 1920

rofla no 11 (J>eBpa^a 1921 roaa 2 BepxHeyflHHCtcoH AHBH3Hefi h b xoae BononaeB-

ckom onepauHH b pojiH yace KOM6aT& HaHecmero yaap b tmji BojionaeBKH, hto
BHHyaHJio 6ejibie 6pOHenoe3Aa otohth ot nepeflOBbix no3nu.HH.
.ZJjia pyKOBOflCTBa 6oeBbiMH AeHCTBwaMH HPA FnaBKOM H.n.Y6opeBH4 c

noneBMM uiTa6oM npn6bui b FIpHMopbe. HaiajibHHK ero noneBoro niTa6a

iI.3.IloKyc 6 OKTa6pa 6biJi Ha3HaneH bmccto M.M. OnbuiaHCKoro KOManflyio-
iuhm BoflcKaMH npHaMypcicoro Kpaa h 2 IlpHaMypcKOH ahbh3hch. B nepHOA c 4
no 25 OKTfl6pa 1922 ro.ua BoficicaMH HPA npoBe^eHa FIpHMopcKaa onepauna, b
xoae KOTopoii OBJiaaeJiH chjihho yKpenneHHbiM CnaccKHM pafloHOM h 3aTeM,
npecjieaya OTXoaamero c6ohmh npoTHBHHKa, hoaohijih k BjiaaHBOCTOKy.
24 0KTa6pa ynojiHOMoneHHwii anoHCKoro KOMaHAOBaHHa reHepaji-MaKop
Cn6HaMa h ynojiHOMOMeHHbiii DiaBHOKOMaHAyrowero HPA h d>jioTa HanajibHHK
BoeHHO-nojiHTMMecKoro ynpaBJieHHa BA.Cmhphob noflnncajiH cornauieHHe, co-
niacHO KoropOMy anoHCKoe KOMaHAOBaHHe b 9 nacoB 25 0KTa6pa Ha nepBofi
PenKe nepeaaBajio kjiiomh ot cKJiaaoB BOOpyaceHHa h Apyroro HiwymecTBa, oxpa-
HasuiHxca anoHuaMH. nocne 12 nacoB Macra HPA Ha^HHajiH aBHaceHHe h hmcjih
npaBO BcrynHTb b ropoA.
fljia BcrynjieHHa b ropoA TnaBKOM Ha3HaHHJi 1 3a6aHKajibCKyjo ahbh3hk>,
AHBH3HOHHyro uiKOJiy 2 npHaMypcKofi ahbh3hh, TaxcejiHft apTflHBH3HOH h 6po-
Henoe3fla 8 h JN° 23 88 .

TaKHM o6pa30M, peajibHo bo Bjia/tn boctok bxoahjih peryjiapHbie BOHCKa

KpacHOfi ApMHH nofl bhaom 3a6aHKanbCKOH ahbh3hh. PeajibHO H3 HPA bxo-
1

OTJia AHBH3HOHHaa uiKOJia, yaocToeHHaa 3toh hccth 3a 6ecnpHMepHbifi

jiHiiib

no^BHr B 6oax 3a CnaccK, b xoAe KOTopbix noTepajia 6oJibiuyio 4acTb y6HTbrMH h

paHeHWMH. 47 6ohuob h KOMaHAHpoB ahbihkojim SbiJiH Harpaa<AeHM opaeHOM
KpacHoro 3HaMeHH 89 *.
Eme 19 OKTa6pa Hjizr BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA H.M.noroaHH b MocKBy, b
HapoflHbifl KOMHCcapwaT HHOcrpaHHWX aen nocnan KapaxaHy TenerpaMMy, b
KOTOpoa yKa3an coothohichhc bohck HPA h anoHueB. Ha cppoHTe y KpacHbix
6mjio 8920 uiTbiKOB, 2630 caSejib, 46 opynHH, 235 Ta>Kejibix h 146 Jiencnx nyjieiwe-
tob, okojio 2000 nejioBeK 6wno b napTH3aHCKHX oxpaaax, npHHHMaBiHHX ynacTHe

*
B pa6oTax H.3.rioKyca, BepoaTHo, «3-3a onenarKH Ha3biBaeTca unc})pa 67.
42
B goax.
y anoHueB, no oueHKe, 6biJio 18000 uiTbiKOB h 1400 ca6ejii>, npH 3tom
H.M.noroflHH 3aMeTHn, hto uncJ)pM jtnoHCKHX bohck MoryT 6wTb coKpameHM
HanonoBHHy. Bo BnaflHBocTOKCKOM nopxy HaxoAHJiHCb 2 Kpeficepa h 3 mhho-
Hocua anoHCKHx, no 2 cppaHir/3CKHx, aMepHKaHCKHX h KHTancKHX Kpeftcepa. H3
pyccKHX cyaoB 6mjio 9 KaHOHCpOK, 5 MMHOHOcueB, 6 nocHJibHbix cy^OB, 4 nejjo-
90
KOJia h 1 1 KaTepoB .

ripaKTHHecKH Bee cyAa, KOTOpbie mojkho 6biJio bhbccth b inope, KOMaH-

jyioiUHH ChShpckoh 4>JioTHHHe{i aflMnpan CTapK yBeJi H3 Pocchh, norpy3HB Ha
hhx 6e>KeHueB BnaAHBOCTOKa h nacTb 6enbix bohck, orcrynaBiUHX no BjiaflHBO-
CTOKa.
3aHaTneM ropoaa BnaflHBOCTOKa 6oeBbie ^eiicTBHa HPA He 3aicoHHHJiHCb.
C apbeprapAHMMH 6osmh "lacTH 3eMCKoft PaTH otxoah™ no AByM HanpaBJieHH-

hm: Bflonfe )Kejie3HOH aoporH Ha TpofleKOBO h riorpaHHHHyio h nepe3 ITocbeT-

ckhS paKoH Ha XyHnyn. riocjieaHHe 6ejibie nacTH nepeceKJiH rocyAapcTBeHHyio
rpaHHuy 3 Hoa6pa. no cBeAeHHaM b KHHre FteTpoBa, b XyHnyHCKofi rpynne 6wjio
7535 MyjKHHH, H3 hhx 425 HHBajiHflOB h 64 nejioBeKa b caHHTapHOH ^acra. C
rpynnoK 6wjio 653 DKeHiuHHbi h 461 pe6eHOK. Bhji b 3toh rpynne h reHepan-
Maiiop B.M.MojinaHOB, Koropbifi KOMaHAOBaji 3HaMeHHTbiM Xa6apoBCKHM no-
xoaom "6enonoBCTaHueB" h Bomeji b hctophio Pocchhckoh Tpa>KflaHCKOH boh-
Hbi Ha /JajibHeM BocrOKe noA Ha3BaHHeM "nocjieAHHfi 6ejibifi reHepan"...
B oKTa6pe 6hji ocBo6o>KAeH ot anoHueB h ropoA HHKOJiaescK-Ha-AMype.
1 0KTa6pa Ha peftA HHKonaeBCKa npH6bm sKcneAHUHOHHbiH OTpaa HPA noA
ko-
MaHAOBaHHeM KOMaHAHpa KaHOHepcKofl jioakh "EeflHOTa" H.H.BojiorAHHa, b
KOTopbra BXOflHJi, KpoMe KaHJioaKH, napoxoA "BoeBoaa Ton6y3HH" c 6ap>KaMH,
3anojiHeHHbiMH 6oiinaMH 3 crrpejiKOBoro 6aTanbOHa 5 AiwypCKoro noma, nyjie-
MejHOH KOMaHAoii h b3boaom Ch-AeJibHoro HHTHHCKoro KaBflHBH3HOHa. Ha cjie-
flyromHH aeHb cyxonyTHbift Aecam- BbicaflHJica Ha Seper, a 6 oicraGpa ABa anoH-
ckhx Kpeficepa noKHHyjin HHKOJiaeBCKHft peKA, b 3tot ace AeHb yimiH anOHCKHe
cyaa h H3 ,H,e-KacTpn. 8 OKra6pa b HnKOJiaeBCK npH6bijra Kep6HHCKa« Kapayttb-
Has pOTa b cocxaBe 286 iuthkob h 14 aprajuiepHCTOB c oahhm opyAHeM. Corjiac-
ho npHKa3y DiaBKOMa, 3 6aTajibOH 5 AMypcKoro nojiKa 6bm nepeHMeHOBan b 3
6aTanbOH 4 OpAeHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH cTpejiKOBoro noma".
Ha npoTaateHHH Bcero CBoero cymecTBOBaHHa HapoflHO-peBo^iouHOHHaa
apMHa fl,BP HcnHTbisajia HeaocTaTOK b MnaauieM h crapmeM komshahom cocTa-
Be, a TaKHce b KaApax HAeonorHMecKHX pa6oTHHKOB h, eCTecTBeHHO, CTpeMHJiacb

BocnojiHHTb hx pa3Ji«HHbiMH MeTOAaMH. HaH6oJiee 3<})(|)eKTHBHbiM 6bmo o6yne-

HHe b cneuHanbHO co3AaBaeMbix BoeHHO-yne6Hbix yqpe>KAeHHax h noflpa3Aene-
HHax. npH TjiaBKOMe r.X3Hxe b Hione 1920 roAa 6bma co3AaHa riojiHTHHecKaa
uiKOJia HPA (B.O.KopHHUKHH), a b aBrycre L[eHTpajibHaa ApMenCKaa BoeHHaa

uiKOJia* JXBP (EM. PocTOBueB, c 09.02.21 r. - JI.H.JIbBOB). IlepBbieTpH BbinycKa

noJiH-ranecKOH oiKOJibi 6wjih no CBoefl cyra ycKopeHHMMH, o6yieHHe nponcxo-

AHJio ABa Mecaua, TpH Mecaua h noHTH naTb MecaqeB cootbctctbchho b nocjieAO-

UABUI.
43
BaxenbHOCTH BbinycKOB. KaK npaBHJio, Becb Kypc oSyneHHa Bbiaep>KHBajiH nnuib
okojio flByx TpeTefi npHHSTbix b uiKOJiy. Ha 6a3e IIojiHTHHecKOH iukojim
20.08.21 r. 6bina co3aana LJeHTpajibHaa BoeHHO-nojiHnxpocBeTHTejibHaa uiKOJia
(urraTM yTBepacaeHbi 29.08.21 r.). HanajibHHKOM iiikojih ctsui Ohjihh-
,TJo6poxoTOB. CorjiacHO urraTaM b uiKOJie aojihcho 6buio 6biTb 174 nejiOBeKa no-
croaHHoro cocraBa h 500 KypcaHTOB. KypcaHTbi b TeneHHe Tpex MecaueB aoiixc-
hh 6biJiH npoxoflHTb o6meo6pa30BaTejibHyio noaroTOBKy, 3aTeM 6 MecaueB no-
jiHTHHecKoe MapKCHCTCKoe o6pa30BaHHe h 2 Mecaua - MeTOflHKy h npaKTHKy no-
JiHTpyxa, KpOMe Toro, oaHH Mecau npoBecTH b jiarepax. 2 ceHTa6pa uiKOJia dajia
Ha3biBaTbca "BoeHHO-nojiHTHHecKaa uiKOJia", urraTbi ee 6mjih H3MeHeHbi ao 61
HenoBeica nocToaHHoro coCTaBa h 150 KypcaHTOB. B nocjieaHHii aeHb 3TO ro Me-
caua uiKona 6bma paoJ>opMHpOBaHa. 3to o6T>acHajiocb TeM, mto KOMnjieKTOBa-
HHe Heo6xoaHMbiMH KaApaMH yace ocymecTBJianocb 3a cner KpacHOH ApMHH 92 .

Ilocjie CBepTtrBaHHa uikojih KypcaHTbi 6buin nepeaaHM b IIojiHTynpaBJie-

HHe KpacHOH ApMHH Ha nojiHTHnecKHe Kypcbi.
OpmKa30M 155 ot 15 aBrycra 1921 roaa urraTbi IJ,eHTpajibHOH apMeft-
>T°

ckoh BoeHHofi mKOJibi (LIABIII) raKace 6hjih H3MeHeHbi. IIocToaHHoro cocraBa

crajio 757 HejioBeK, a nepeMeHHoro (KypcaHTOB) cocraBa - 746 nejiOBeK. KypcaH-
Tbi pacnpenejiajiHCb no TpeM oraenaM: nexoTHbift - 420 hcjiobck, KaBajiepHHCKHii
- 246 HejioBeK, apTHJinepHMCKHH - 90 HejioBeK. ripoaoji>KHTejibHOCTb o6yneHHa
cocTaBnana ana HH3inero KOMCocraBa 4 Mecaua, ana MJiaauuero KOMCocraBa - 12
MecaueB h Ha nOBTOpHbix Kypcax - 4 Mecaua. B npouecce o6yHeHHa npoxoam™
cjieayiomne npeaMerbi: TaKTHKa, Tonorpa4>Ha, apTHJTJiepna, (j)opTH<}>HKauna, aa-
MHHHcrpauHa, THi-Hena. PfoynajiH BeaeHHe xo3aHCTsa ao oraeJibHOH nacTH bkjim-
HHTejibHO. KpOMe Toro, KypcaHTbi nojiynajiH nonHTHiecKHe 3HaHHa h npoxoan.™
o6meo6pa30BaTejibHbie npeaMerbi. E>KeAHeBHO 4 naca KnaccHbix 3aHaTnii h 3 na-
ca CTpoeBbix 93 .

C 3 Hoa6pa UABIII Ha3biBajiacb IllKOJia KOMaHaHoro cocTaBa. Paccpop-

MHpoBaHa 8 aBrycra 1922 roaa.
KpoMe Toro, b coeflMHeHHax cymecrBOBajiw yHe6Hbie noApa3aejieHHa, no-
nojiHaBiime MJiaauiHMH cneuHanncTaM n h KOManaHpaMH b nacrax noapa3aejie-
HHa CBA3H, aBTOMo6HJibHbie, aBHauHOHHbie m apyrne.
Oco6oe BHHMaHHe b HapoaHO-peBomouHOHHOH apMHH o6pamanocb Ha
HfleonorHHecKyio o6pa6oTKy jihhhoto cocraBa, c 3tom uenbio mnpoKO wcnojib-
30Bajincb cpeacTBa ne^ara h ycTHofi HH(popMauHH. B HPA H3aaBaJiHCb acypHanH
"BoeHHaa Mbicjib" (peaaKTop Cokojiobckhh), nepeHMeHOBaHHMH 18 aBrycTa b
"BoeHHO-nojiHTHHecKyio Mbiorcb", acypHan "BoeHHaa HayKa h peBOJiioiiHa", ra3e-
Tbi "Bnepea", "KpacHbiii Boctok", "HapoaoapMeeu", "Eoeu h naxapb",
"KpaCHbiii khhh", "IlpnaMypcKHH crpejioK". Ocojib 6ojibuioe BHHMaHHe yaejia-
jiocb cjiosy KaK HaeojiorH^ecKOMy opyMHio, mokct cBHaeTejibcrBOBaTb TaKbK
4>aKT. CoraacHO npHKa3y Me 418 ot 02.09.20 r. 3a oaHy crpoiKy b >KypHajie njia-
thjih ot 10 ao 15 pySnefi, b to «e BpeMa 3a KOBKy oahoh hoth JiouiaaH ueHa 6bi-
jia 25 py6jiefi. H 3to npw OKJiaae aenoKHoro coaep)KaHHa no nepBOMy, HH3uieMy

pa3paay, b 1200 py6nen, a no XVIII, HaHBbicuieMy, - 10500 py6iieH.

44
 IlpH nojiHTHHecKOM oxaene HP A
no 25 aHBapa 1921 roaa cymecrBOBajia
xeaTpaJifcHaa rpynna, a 13 co3aaHa noica3axejibHaa apaMaxHiecKaa
(J)eBpajiH

Tpynna nonHxox.nejia apMeftcicoro pe3epBa. fljia 6onee uiHpoKoro h onepaxHBHO-

ro oxBaxa nnHHoro cocrasa HfleiiHo-BocnHxaxejibHbiMH MeponpnaxHaMH 6biJi
co3^aH KpacHbiH noe3fl hmchh TpouKoro co mxaxoM b 36 HejioseK - apxwcxoB,
Xy^OKHHKOB, JieKTOpOB H KHHOMeXaHHKOB.
Kjiy6Ho-xyflo»tecTBeHHbie oxaejieHHa nojiHxoxaenoB opraHH30BMBajiH h
KOHTpojmpoBajiH pa6oTy paaoHHHx (rapHH30HHb[x) KJiy6oB h nepeaBHxcHbix
Kjiy6oB (b nacxax). rapHH30HHbie Kny6bi hmcjih 6n6nnoTeKy, HHranbHbiH 3aji,
xyfloacecTBeHHyio cryflHio, My3biKajibHyio cxyaHio, xopoBoro neH«a, cnopTHBHbix
HHCTpyKTopoB h nojiKOBbix K.rcy6ax xaioice 6um 6n6nnoTeKa, nnxajib-
6ycJ)ex. B
Hbifi 3axi, h KyjitxypHHKH (paSoxHHKH Kyjibxypbi no nwcny poT h
en-yawn, 6y<J)eT
cotch) h ymxejia. B 6axaiibOHHbix Kjiy6ax, npeacxaBJiaBinwx yMeHbiueHHyio ko-
hhkj ncwiKOBbix, 6mjio MeHbuiee hhcjio cxyAHfi h xojibKO rpu ynnxejia. KpoMe xo-
ro, co3flaBajiHCb KJiy6-BaroHbi, b Koxopwx HMenHCb 6n6jTHOTeKa c HHxanbHeii h
flBe CTy^HH.
B KajKflOM nojiKy hmcjich KHHeMaTorpa(J). B o5a3axejn>HOM nopaaice co3aa-
BanHCb o6uteo6pa30BaTejibHbie uikojibi 1-fl h 2-fi cxyneHH. B inicojie cxyneHH
b TeneHHe 200 nacoB H3ynajiH: poflHOH a3HK - 90 nacoB, inaxeMaxmcy - 70 nacoB h
b Te^eHHe 40 nacos npOBOflHJiia 6eceflbi. B oiKOJie 2-fi cryneHH b xeneHHe 225 na-
cob H3ynajiH poaHofi a3biK, MaxeMaxHKy, npnpoaoBeaeHne, reorpa<J)Hio, hctophio
h nojiHTrpaMOxy. OcoSoe BHHMaHne b nacxax yaejiajiocb OKe^HeBHOMy nonnxna-
cy, Koxopbifl no CBoefi cyxH 6bm nponaraHflHcxcKoft pa6oxoH, a no noaxoay -

araxauHefi.
IlapxKHHO-nojiHTHHecKyio pa6oxy no cocxoshhio Ha 1 aeKa6pa 1921 roAa
npOBOflHJIH 326 BOeHKOMOB, 14 HX nOMOIHHHKOB, 270 nojiHxpyKOB, 93 HHexpyK-
xopa h 537 KyjibxypHHKOB, ho no yKOMnjieKxoBaHHa no uixaxaM eme He xBaxano
103 BoeHKOMOB, 56 nonnxpyicoB h 316 HHexpyKxopoB h KyjibxypHHKOB 94 .

IlapxHHHaa pa6oxa cxporaiacb no npHHui-my co3flaHHH napTHHHbix aieeic.

B aeKa6pe 1919 ro^a b peBomouHOHHbix BOHCKax 6mjio xojibKO 2 aneflKH, a b an-
pejie 1920 ro.ua - 31, b aBrycxe 1920 roaa - 100, Ha fleKa6pb 1921 roaa 6hjio 34

nOJIKOBMX H npHpaBHeHHHX K HHMj 194 pOXHblX H HM COOXBeXCXByjOIUHX, KOXO-

pwe o6i.eaHHaJiH 2909 hjkhob h 3072 KaHAnaaxa PKIT(6)95 .

CoraacHO cnpaBKe BoeHnypa HPA b aBrycxe 1922 roaa npn o6meii mhc-
JieHHOcxH HPA 36790 HenoBeK b Hefi 6hjio 2542 KOMMyHHcxa96 *.

^OBo^bHO th6koh b HPA Sbuia HauHOHanbHaa nonHXKKa. Bypaxw h moh-

rojibiBecbMa nacxo fle3epxHpOBann H3 nacxeS. Toraa 6bM npnHaT 3aKOH JXBP,
cornacHO Koxopoiwy 6ypax-MOHronbi ocBo6o>KflajiHCb ox npH3biBa Ha BoeHHyio
cny>K6y, a B3aMeH axoro BHOCHJica Hajior b 57500 3onoxwx pySjieft Ha 1922 roa.

"
ripocToe cyMMHpoBaHHe jikhhoto cocTaBa b coeaHHeHHHX h nacrax HPA, Ha3BaHHbix b
3Tom aoKyMeHTe, jiaex iHcneHHOcTb b 47440 hcjiobck. 0&MCH«eTca 3to oneiaTKoH my. hcbhh-
MaTMbHocTbK) noJiHTpa6oTHHKa, cocraanHBiuero cnpaBKy, HbiKe CKa3an> TpyjjKO.
45
 MycyjibinaHaM, KaK h apyrKM BepyiomHM, pa3pema;iocb OTMeiaxb peiiH-
rH03Hbie npa3flHHKH...
Hto Kacaerca Sejion /4aJibHe-BocTOHHOH ApMHH BpeMeHHoro npnaMyp-
CKoro npaBirrejibCTBa, to ochobhmmh HueojionwecKHMH pa6oTHHKaMH 6bMH
cnyacHTejiH pejiHiwjHbix KyjibTOB - nonw a MyjinH. Hojikoboh Myjina b 4 y<|>HM-
ckom nojTKy nojiKOBHHKa (poH Baxa c 6eperoB Bourn jxomen no Tnxoro oneaHa.
B 3TOH apMHH H3flaBajiacb Bcero oana ra3exa - "Pyccicaa ApMHa".
B HfleonorHHecKOH 6opb6e 6ejibie hbho nponrpbiBajiH b cJjopMax, MeToaax,
aKTHBHOCTH h MaccoBOCTH, a 3to noflnac npeAonpeaejiflJio cooTHOiueHHe chji h
cpeflCTB Ha none 60a. B onepaTHBHOM h tekth^cckom othouighhh 6ejibie
Boncica,

6biBuiHe no cyra cBoefi npo^eccHOHaiibHbiMH, npeBOCxoflHUH BowcKa HPA, ho

MOpajibHbiH h qHCJieHHwfl nepeeec 6bui y KpacHwx, hto h npe«onpe/xejiHJio hcxoa
6opb6bi flByx apMHH.
Hapa^y c naeoJiorHHecKOK pa6oTOH b HPA cyiuecTBOBajin urrpa^Hbie po-
tm, 3arpaaHTenbHbie oxpaflbi h komhcchh no 6opb6e c fle3eprapcTBOM. B to ace
BpeMH b HapoflHo-peBomouHOHHOH apMHH HHKoraa He 3a6biBanH noompnrb h
HarpaflHTb 3a repon3M h caMonoacepTBOBaHHe. OpaeHOM KpacHoro
3HaMeHn
6bmH HarpaxyjeHbi 433 6oHna h KOMaHflHpa HPA, npnneM HarpaacneHHa npo-
AOJiacajiHCb h Torjja, Koraa HPA nepecrana cymecTBOBaTb, a ee 6biBiHHe 6ohui>i w.

KOMaHflHpw npoAOJiaca/iH cjiyac6y b KpacHon ApMHM. OpaeHaMH 6hjih Taicace

HarpaacneHM 3 OxaejibHaa apTHJiJiepHHCKas SaTapea, 6pOHenoe3a M8,6 CTpeji-
KOBbiH noiiK, b nocneayiomeM cHaqajia nepeHMeHOBaHHbifl b KaflpoBO-yHe6HMH
nojiK, a3axeM b 4 KpacH03HaiweHHbiH BojionaeBcicHH cTpenKOBbifl nomc, h 2
ripnaMypcKaa CTpejiKOBaa ;ihbh3HH 97 .

Eme rpeinejiH nocjieaHne BWCTpejiw b 6oax c oTxoflamHMH 3a rpaHHuy

BOHHavtH 3eMCKofi PaTH, a b HPA yace irnia eme oflHa peopraHH3auHa. Ha ocho-
BaHHH npHKa3a JS° 635 ot 30 OKT«6pa b aonacHOCTb KOMannnpa BHOBb co3«aHHO-
ro 17 npHMopCKOro Kopnyca H3 bohck HPA, HaxoanBmnxca b npHMopbe, 5 ho-
a6pa BCTynnn Bopnc MnpOHOBmi <3>eJib^MaH. B 3-tot ace aeub 1-fi homoiuhhk
naqajibHHKa mTa6a HPA A.A.Wkojihh 6wji Ha3HaneH HaiajibHHKOM urra6a 17
npnMopcKoro Kopnyca, a noMomHHKH HaHanbHHKOB apTwuiepHH, CBS3H, rnaB-
Horo HHaceHepHoro ynpaBJieHHS, rjiaBHaMCHa6a 6mjih Ha3HaneHw Ha aojiacHOCTH
cooTBeTCTByrouiHx HanaJibHHKOB b Kopnyce. BoeHHbiM KOMHCcapOM Kopnyca
cTaii GbiBuiHH BoeHKOM IllTa6a HPA, b nocnenyioiueM 3HaMeHHTbifl
Mapiuan Co-
98 (HoMep 17 npncBoeH np. Ne 213 -
BeTCKoro Coiosa HsaH CTenaHOBHH Kohcb .

25.12.22 r.)
npnfca30M No 239 ot 20 Hoa6pa 2 IlpHaMypcKOH hhbh3hh Bmji o6i>aBJieH k
pyKOBOflCTBy h cBefleHHK) npnKa3 BOHCKaM KpacHOfi Apmhh ^aiibHero BocroKa
N° 1 ot 16 Hoa6pa 1922 rofla, b KOTOpOM o6T.aBJiajiacb TejierpaMMa 3aMecTHTena
npeaceaaTena BoeHHoro CoBeTa PCOCP CKJiHHCKoro: "... 1. HapojiHo-
PeBOJiionHOHHyio ApMHio 6biBiueR flBP nepeHMeHOBaTb b KpacHyio ApMHio. 2.
BoeHHMft CoBeT HPA nepeHMeHOBaTb b Pcbojuohhohhwh BoeHHbin CoBeT"".
3tot npHKa3 cTan B03MoaceH noToiny, hto HapoAHoe co6paHHe A BP 14
Hoa6pa oG'baBHno o caMOpocnycice, a npe3HflHyM BUHK, BbicjiymaB coo6meHne
bohth b
06 ycTaHOBJieHHH Ha RanbHeM. BocrOKe Cobctckoh bjiscth h acenaHHH
46
cocTaB CoBercKOH Pocchh, 15 Hoa6pa o6-baBHJi AaJibHe-BocTOHHyio Pecny6iiHKy
Hepa3pbIBHOH HaCTbK) PCQCP.
npHKa3 PeBBoeHCOBeTa bohck Ch6hph N° 728/50 ot 22 Hoa6pa 1922 ro/ta,
xaK 6u yroHHaa xenerpaMMy CKJiaHCKoro, cBHAeTejibCTByeT o nepeHMeHOBaHHH
HP A b 5 KpacHyio ApMHio. C 1 mona 1923 roaa en 6wjio npncBoeHO HaHMeHO-
BaHHe "5 KpacH03HaMeHHaa apMHH", o reM CBHaeTejibcxByeT npnKa3 PeBBoeHCO-
BeTa PecnySjTHKH, ho bo Bcex AOKyMem-ax 5 KpacH03HaMeHHaa apMHa noa TaKHM
Ha3BaHHeM npoxoAHT c MOMeHTa nepeHMeHOBaHHa HPA no np. JN°47 - 24.11.22 r.
5 KpacHaa ApMHa, npocymecTBOBaBinaa no 6 ceHTa6pa 1922 roAa, 6i>iJia
Harpa>KaeHa noneTHMM peBoniouHOHHbiM KpacHWM 3HaMeHeM eme b 1920 roay,
a nepeHMeHOBamie HPA b 5 KpacHyio ApMMio npeAonpeAejiHJio h nepe^any eft
BCeX 6blBIUHX pejIHKBHH 5 KpaCH03HaMeHHOM apMHH, HTO H 06yCJI0BHJI0 npHMe-
HeHne Ha3BaHH>i "KpacH03HaMeHHaa".
B nocne^yiomeM 5 KpacH03HaMeHHaa apMHa 6biJia pac^oprnHpoBana, a ee
coeflHHeHHa h lac™ Smjih o6pameHbi Ha yKOMnjieKTOBaHHe xopnycoB Cn6Hp-
cKoro BOCHHoro OKpyra.
1 3a6afiKann>cKaa CTpejiKOBaa AHBH3Ha coxpaHnnacb Kaic caMOcroaTejibHoe

coeflHHeHHe, ho iioa HaHMeHOBaHHeM "THXooKeaHCKaa khbh3uh" KOTopoe no-

,

nyHHJia 3a JiHKBHAauwo nocneAHHX oiaroB 6ejroro aBKxemtsi Ha KaMHaTKe h b

Oxotckom paiioHe. Ilofl 3thm noieTHbiM Ha3BaHHeM AHBH3na cymecrByeT h no-
Hbme, npHqeM HeKOTopbie ee Macro pacKBapropOBaHbi b bochhom ropoAKe, ho-
cameM hh3bqhhc "BojioHaeBCKHH" b naMaTb o AaBHeM pa3MemeHHH b kcm 3Haine-
HHToro 4 KpacH03HaivieHHoro BojionaeBCKoro nojiKa. B ahbh3HH xpanaT naMaTb
o 6biJiwx 6oax h noxoaax, KoiwaHAHpax h paaoBbix, HbH HMena ya<e CTajiH aoc-
TOaHHeM HCTOpHH.
Ho paccKa3 06 HPA .ZJajibHe-BocToqHOH Pecny6nnKH 6tiji 6w HenojioH,
ecjiH He cKa3aTb, hto 6ojibuiHHCTBO Tex, kto C03AaBaji HPA, BoeBaji b ee pa^ax b
caMbix pa3Htix aoji>khoct«x h 3BaHKax, Bbi Haifflere b cnwCKax (JiaMHJiHH jihh, pe-
npeccHpoBaHHbix b 1935-1938 roAax. B sthx cnncKax H.n.y6opeBHM,
B.K.Ejnoxep, B.A.rionoB, fl.3.noKyc, A.H.3axapoB, A.^l.JIanHH, H.M.HeBonHH,
r.B.KoHApaTbeB, H.IT.HHjibCOH-rHpcT, M.n.BonbCKHH, ^.C.By3HH-BnH,
H.r.Ee3poAHbix, ^.E.3BepeB, H.H.KopoTaeB, E.B.JIeSeAeB, A.JI.CHOCKapeB,
B.H.MejibHHKOB, ^.M.nerenHH, M.M.Hkhmob h MHorae, MHorae apyrHe...
3flecb 4)aMHJTHH B.K.Bjiioxepa, OTAaBaBmero npHKa3bi o paccTpejiax napofloap-
MeKi;eB, noanHCbmaBiueroca iioa CMepTHbiMH npwroBopaMH nepBbix MapmajioB
CoBeTCKoro CoK)3a, h ABa*Abi npnroBapHBaBiueroca k paccipejiy
r.B.KoHApaTbeBa - nepBbiii pa3 corjiacHO npHKa3y B.K.Bnroxepa b Aei<a6pe 1921
roAa h btopoh pa3 b 1937 roay "3a opraHH3annio BOccTaHHa b Omckoh o6nac-
th", ho KOTopbiii TaK h He npH3Haji oSBHHeHna, pea6njiHTnpOBaH b 1942 roay c
BoccxaHOBJieHHeM b 3BaHHH nonKOBHHK h B03BpameHMeM opAeHa KpacHoro
3HaM6HH, noJiy^eHHoro 3a MyacecTBO npH uiTypiwe BojionaeBKH. T.B.KoHApaTbeB
- eflHHCTBeHHblH H3 npHBCfleHHOrO BblUie OTHCKa, KTO BblULieJl
>KHBbIM H3 TK»pb-
Mbl...

Bee ocranbHbie pea6HJiHrapoBaHbi nocMepTHO.

47
HacToama* pa6oTa caeaaHa Ha ocHOBaHHH ^OKy mchtob b ochobhom npHKa30B ,

h onepaTHBHbix cBoaoic HPA flBP, 3Ha*urreabHaji nacxb Koxopbix b suae th- m

norpa<j)CKHX oxxhckob 1920-1923 roaoB HMeexca b jihhhom apxHBe aBTopa. B
CBA3H c o6ieMOM cxaxwi aBTopa HeT bo3mo3khocth yicasaxb Ha hctohhocth h
y
3HUHKnoneAHiecKHX cnpaBOHHHKax, MeMyapHtix pa6oTax ynacxHHKOB
oiuh6kh b
CBfl3aHHbIX C C03flaHHeM
JiaBHHX Co6btXHH H HCXOpHKO-Xya03KGCTBeHHbIX KHHraX,
HapoflHO-peBOJirouHOHHOH apMHH ffBP.

ripuMesaHHe

1. AHBH3HH Bnepea. C6opHHK flOKyMeHTOB. HpKyTCK, 1987. C. 22;

JUjih
flsopHHOB H„ flBopflHOB B. B xwjxy KojinaKa. MocKBa, 1966. C. 221.
2. IIIjih AHBH3HH Bnepea. C. 20.

3. Abopshob H. YKa3. com. C. 249-250.

TaM
jkc C. 250.
4.

5. B.E. IlapxH3aHCKHe xponw repoeB. YnaH-Ya3, 1977. C. 85, 86.

Ko»eBHH
6 XanxeeB B.E. IlepBbiH ynpeaHTeabHbiH Cbe3a
3a6aHKaab$i h o6pa30Ba-
HcxopHHecKaa.
HHe HapoflHO-peBoniouHOHHOH BJiacxH. Tpyflbi flBHLi;, cepna
T. 8. C. 35.
7. IHnH AHBH3HH Bnepea. Yica3. com. C. 56.
TaM ace. C. 51.
8.
9 TAXK, n.O - 44, on. 1, en. xp. 444. UIkojihh A.A.
Hanaao 6opb5bi
r. CxeHorpaMMa
KpacHofl A P mhh sa ocBo6owaeHHe AaabHero BocxoKa b 1920
aoicaaaa, 1933.
10. IIIepeiueBCKHH B.M. Pa3rpoM ceMeHOBmHHM. HoBocH&HpcK, 19bb.

IUhiiikhh C.H. rpaacaaHCKaa BoiiHa Ha AaabHeM Boctokc

M., 1957.
C. 113;
C. 139.'
11. TAXK. O. 1317, on. 2, a. 4, ji. 10, 18.
PrHA 1465, on.l, a- 22, xenerpaMMa BpeMeHHOH 3cmckoh
12. R&. O.P.-
BnacxH npH6aih<ajn>Ji JN° 535; PFKA
AB, *-P - 1465 on l > > -
7 »• 6
>
"

13. TAXK. <t>. 1317, on. 2, ea. xp. 6, n. 23 06,

ji. 31. .

14. TAXK. <t>. 1317, on. 2, a- 4, a. 1 06.

15. TAXK. <X>. 1317, on. 2, a- 4, ji.3.
16. PrHA JJfi. O.P. - 1465, on. 1, a- 3, a. 60.
17. H3 HCXopHH flaabHeBoexoHHOH
PecnySaHKH. C6opHHK HaynHbix xpy-
aoB PAH. BaaaHBocxoK, 1992. C. 57.
18. LUepeuieBCKHfi B.M. YKa3. coh. C. 55.
19. noaBHr UeHxpocH6HpH. C6. aoKyMeHxoB.
HpnyxcK, 1986. C. 389, 390.
20. IAXK,n.<D - 44, on. 1, a. 427, a. 27.
21. IllKoaHH A.A. YKa3. coh. C. 10.
22. IHhihkhh C.H. Yicas. com. C. 136; IHepeuieBCKHH
B.M. Yicas. com.
C. 96; UTAPA. <t>- 1006, on. 1, a- 94, a. 8; a- 25, a. 12.
23. IILih aHBH3HH Bnepea- YKa3. com. C. 75.
24. TaM ace. C. 90,91.
25. TaM xe. C. 103.
TpaacaaHCKaa BOHHa h BoeHHaa HHxepBeHUHa b CCCP. 3HUHKJioneaHa.
26.
M..1987.C. 116.

48
 27. IIJepeuieBCKHH B.M. Yica3. coh. C. 119.
28. AreeB A.B. AMypcKHe nap-raraaHbi. Xa6apoBCK, 1974. C. 244.
29. TAXK. HO - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 430, ji. 26.
30. TAXK. n.<t> - 442, on. 2, a. 102, ji. 16.
31. rnnoTe3a. 1993. j\fe 5, 6. JIcbkhh T. "Rkob TpanHUWH: repon hjih 6aH-

32. TAXK- HnKonaeBCKHH-Ha-AMype <|)HJiHan. 0.715, on.l, a.4, n.34.

33. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 164, n. 82.
34. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 164, 44. ji.

35. TaM we. JI. 40, 63-66.

36. CocxaB, crpyKTypa HapoaHO-peBOjnouHOHHbix bohck, hx nepe<t>opMH-
pOBaHHe aaHH no npnica3aM BoeHHoro CoBera, KoMaHayiomero bohckcImh Hh-
Kom>CKa-yccypHHCKoro paiioHa, HanajibHHKa BoeHHO-peBoniouHOHHoro uiTa6a
HHKoaBCKa-YccypHHCKa h Xa6apoBCKa. THnorpa<J)CKHe otthckh, jihhhhh apxHB

37. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 164, ji. 42.
HHCHKaBa. Hctophh Ch6hpckoh 3KcneaHunn, pyccKHH nepeBoa- C. 9,
38.
10. JIhhhhh apxHB JleBKHHa T.r.
39. HncHKasa. YKa3 coh. ... CyMMapHbie CBeaeHHa no ji. 16, 20, 22 h Kap-
TOCxeMaM.
40. HHCHKaBa. yna3. coh. JI. 21.
41. TAXK. n.O> - 44, on. 1, a. 350, ji. 19.
42. TaM we. JI. 32.
43. TaM we. JI. 5.
44. TaM we. JI. 10.
45. TAXK. n.O- 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 350, ji. 23.
46. IIIjih anBH3HH Bnepea. YKa3. coh. C. 122, 123.
47. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 430, ji. 26, 27.
48. TaM we. JI. 27.
49. TAXK. O - 1313, on. 2, a. 3, 22. ji.

50. FAXK. n.O- 44, on. 1, ea- xp. 430, 15, 16. ji.

51. TaM we. JI. 17.

52. OpyKTypa h HHCJieHHOCTb nojieBoro ynpaBJieHHfl FnaBKOMa HPA aa-
Ha no npHJioweHHHM k np«Ka3aM JVs 54, 64, 138. CrpyKTypa bohck, KOMaHaoBa-
Hne coeaHHeHHH h HacreH aaHti no npHKa3aM HPA. JIhhhhh apxHB JleBKHHa
r.r.
TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 427, ji. 5.
53.
TaM we. JI. 15, 16.
54.
55. FAXK. O - 1317, on. 2, a. 5, 16. ji.

56. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 423, 3. ji.

57. PrHA jJ(B. O.P - 4374, on. 1, a- 148. KcepoKonwa noanHHHHKa panop-
Ta. JIhhhhh apxHB JleBKHHa FX.
58. TaM we.
59. Ha3BaHna nacrei*, cpaMHJMH KOMaHaHpoB aaHbi no npHKa3aM HPA.
JIhhhhh apxHB JleBKHHa TT.
60. TAXK. O - 1317, on. 1, ea. xp. 3, ji. 5.

61. TaM we. 10, n. 77-79.

JJ,.

62. TaM we. Ea xp. 3, ji. 30 06.

4. 3a*. 2480 49
 63. H ncneHHOCTb a cocrraB bohck onpeaejieHu h noACMHTaHH no unaTaM.
rAXK.O- 1317, on. l.fl. I.ji.3.
64. H Ha Thxom oKeaHe. C6. AOKyMeHTOB. HpKyTCK, 1988. C. 61.

65. TAXK. O - 846, on. 1, «a. xp. 5, n. 9.

66. TAXK. O - 44, on. 1, a. 447, 104. ji.

67. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. l.n.. 447, ji. 18.

68. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, a. 425, ji. 80.
69. TaM ace. JI. 56-58.
70. TAXK. O - 19, on. 1, ea. xp. 58, ji. 81.
71 . H Ha Thxom OKeane. YKa3. com. C. 1 30.

72. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, ea. xp. 425, a. 71-74.

73. TAXK. O- 1317, on. 1, ex. xp. 6, 9. ji.

74. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. A- 148, ji. 2, 3, 7.

1 ,

75. TAXK. «D - 1317, on. 1, a. 17, ji. 48-53.

76. ^OKyqaeB A.M. nyn> repoHMecKHH h cnaBHbiH. Xa6apoBCK, 1988.
C. 72.
77. Bojikob B. KpaTKHfi onepK hctophh 2-h npnaMypcKOH opaeHa Kpac-
Horo 3HaMeHH cTpejiKOBoii ahbh3hm. 1923. C. 16.
78. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, A- 425, ji. 194, 195.

79. TAXK.O- 1318, on. l,a. 18, a. 41.

80. TaM ace. JI. 44 06., 45 06.
81. FAXK. n.O - 44, on. I, a. 425, n, 244.
82. TAXK. O - 1318, on. 1, a- 18, ji. 31-34.
83. H Ha Thxom OKeaHe. YKa3. com. C. 303.
84. PyccKaa ApMHa. 1922. 11 aBr.
85. O
TAXK. n. - 44, on. 1, a- 147, a. 184.
86. Boakob B. YKa3. com. C. 85.
87. Ohjihmohob B. KoHeu 6eAoro IIpHMopba. CLLIA, 1971.
88. TAXK. n.O - 44, on. A- 425, ji. 272.
1 ,

89. H Ha Thxom OKeaHe. YKa3. com. C. 345.

90. PmA JIB, O.P - 4699, on. 1, a. 475, n. 228.
91. BoeHHbie MopaKH b 6opb6e 3a BJiacTb CoBexoB, 1917-1922 rr. Bjiaaw-

boctok. C. 392, 393.

92. TAXK. O - 3 17, on. 1
1 , a. 1 8, a. 6.

93. TaM ace. R. 5, ji. 38-44.

94. IIIjih ahbh3hh BnepeA. YKa3. com. C. 408.
95. TaM ace. C. 377, 405.
96. M Ha Thxom oKeane. YKa3. com. C. 303.
97. TaM ace. C. 345-354. Boakob B. YKa3 com.
98. TAXK. O - 1317, on. 1, A- 19, ji. 76 06., a. 90 06.
99. Bojikob B. YKa3. com. C. 33. H Ha Thxom OKeaHe. YKa3. com. C. 216.

50
 .

BoAonaeeKa 6e3 Aezeud

Hepe3 ra3eTy npeaccaaTejib ncnojiKOMa BojionaeBCKoro cenbCKoro CoBeTa
ATpaneB o6paTHnca c npocbSofi paccKa3aTb npaBfly o BOJionaeBCKHx Anax 6e3

nereHfl, HanncaTb oxnejibHyio cneuHanbHyio KHHry 06 HcropHiecKHX coSbiraax,

h hto6w b HeK 6buiH nepeHHCJieHbi HMeHa Tex, kto uiarHyji b bchhocti. c bmcoko
BCKHHyrofi BBepx pyKoft, cacHMatomeii BHHTOBKy, a 3aMepuiHM kphkom: ".Haeirib
BononaeBKy!".
MHoro HanwcaHO o 6oeBbix BOJionaeBCKHx ahhx: khh™, paccKa3bi, onep-
KH, CTaTbH, KaK TeMH, KTO yHaCTBOBaJl B 6osx Ha CTOpOHe KpaCHWX, TaK H Ha
CTopOHe 6enbix, to ecTb TeMH, kto 6e>Kaa b aTaKy, npopbraaacb nepe3 kojhohkh
npoBono^Hbix 3arpa>KfleHHH h hotok ropa^ero CBHHua, h TeMH, kto Brpboajica b
Mep3Jiyio 3eMJiK>, crapaacb yaepwaTb Ka^Kflbiii ee kjiohok, o6Mopo>KeHHbiMH py-
KaMH HawHMaH Ha cnycKOBbie KypKH bhhtobok h rameTKH nyneMeTOB, Ho, KaK
hh cTpaHHO, npaB npeace^aTejib HcnojiKOMa: nojiHOro, o6ieKTHBHoro paccKa3a
AO chx nop HeT. npaB oh, KOHenHo, mto He 118 HapofloapMeiiueB noraS/in b 6oax
nofl BoJioqaeBKOH.
Ha npoTHxceHHH mhothx Jier a co6Hpaio MaTepnanbi ana khhth o Hapoa-
HO-peBOJHouHOHHoii apMHH ^anbHe-BocTOHHOH PecnySjiHKH h, KajKeTca, yace
Mory oTBeTHTb Ha MHOrae Bonpocbi, nocTaBJieHHbie ATpaneBbiM b ero ra3eraoH
3aMeTKe.
M3yHeHHe apxHBHbix MaTepnajiOB no3BOJiHJio coBepuieHHO no-HOBOMy
B3raflHyTb Ha HCTOpHio 6paToy6HHCTBeHHOH Pocchhckoh Tpa>KaaHCKOH bohhh h
npHHTH K BbiBOfly, HTo KpacHbre h 6enbie cbirpajiH OTBeaeHHbie hm ponn b onTH-
MHCTHHecKOH TpareAHH, 4to jiioSbie nojiHTHHecKHe niara He aojihchm npHBOflHTb
k rpa>KflaHCKHM BOHHain. BoceMb mhjijihohob (no HeKOTOpHM HCTOHHHKaM - zme-
HaauaTb mhjijihohob) Jierjin b 3eMJiio, 3amHmaa noflnac coBepuieHHO Hywawe hm
nojiHTHHecKHe much. A nocjiyacHJio hoboxiom Ana o6pameHHa k TeMe npe,n.jio>Ke-
HHe 06meci'Ba oxpaHbi naMflTHHKOB ncropHH h KynbTypbi Xa6aposcKoro Kpaa
HanncaTb He6ojibmoH TeKCT fljia 6pouiropKH k onepeflHOH aaTe BojionaeBCKoro
cpajKeHHa. H c nepBbix >Ke maroB 3aKpanocb b ayiuy coMHeHHe: HeyacejiH 12 4>eB-
pajra 1922 ro/ra noa XaSapOBCKOM 6buia TeMnepaTypa MHHyc 40 rpaaycoB no
HeiibCHK), h cjihuikom MajioH noKa3anacb ujn<})pa 118 nornSiHHX noA
"aanbHeBOCTO^HbiM riepeKonoM" . .

3th coMHeHHH npHBejiH k TOMy, hto ceroAHa a 3Haio 6norpa(j)HH KaK

npnaMypba, Ha 6e-
KpacHbix, TaK h 6ejibix, npojiHBaBiiiHX KpoBb Ha 6enbie CHera
jihh caBaH poahoh noHHMaHHio toto, hto urrbiKH h KpacHwx h 6ejibix
3eMjra, k
Aojdkhm 6biJin 6biTb o6paiueHbi b oaHy cropoHy...
npeacraBHTejib urraSa 5 KpacHOH ApMHH, HaxoflHBUiHHca b IllTa6e Ha-
pouHO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH, JlapcKHH, no npaMOMy npoBoay coo6whji nopy-
neHuy KOMaHflyromero 5 apMHeK THMOHOBy 12 (JieBpajia 1922 roaa 0 tom, hto
"noTepH non BoJioMaeBKofl npH6jiH3HTejibHo: paHeHbix npHHaro 3 3iuejioHa, H3
caHJieTyneK - 441 MejioseK, KOHTy»eHHbix - 72, oGMopoxceHHbix - 180, 6onbHbix -

51
 .

TpynoB (yMepuwx bo BpeMa nepeB03KH) - 17. Hroro 572. KpoMe Toro,

ecrb
64,
o6mne noxepH hcihcjihiotc« npsi6nn-
paHeHwe, He BHBeseHHwe H3 BojionaeBKH,
Ha
3HTenbHO b 1500 nenoBeK. IlpoTHBHHK otxoaht ot BononaeBKH b 6ecnopJWKe
BOCTOK..."
OneparHBHaa CBOflKa urra6a HPA ot 18 <J>eBpajia KOHcraTMpyeT, hto "no
Hhjk-
npH6jiH3HTejii.HOMy no^cHery b 6oax noA BoiionaeBKOH, BepxHecnaccKHM,
HecnaccKHM h Ka3aKeBH4eBO HauiH noTepn: ySHTtix naTbcoT naTbAecaT KejioBeK,

paHeHbix, o6MopoaceHHbix h 6ojibHbix ao TbicaiH AByxcoT naTHAeca™..."

MHe ynanocb ycraHOBHTb hmchh 195 nejioBeK, nora6uiHX HenocpeacTBeH-
Ha nojiyica-
ho noA BojionaeBKOH, Bepxne- h HnacHCcnaccKHM, hoa OnbroxToii h
3 apMax Meatfly Hhom h BojionaeBKoii. EcrecrBeHHO, HbiHe mm y*e He cMoaceM
norH6uiHX b aaBHHe ahh ABaAuaTb BToporo roAa. Ecjih yAacrca
ycraHOBH-n, Bcex
cnH-
3aBepoiHTb HanHcaHHe KHHrn, to nocrapaiocb npHjraacHTb k Heft HenojiHwfl
cok y6nTbix h yMepniHX ot pan Ha Boctohhom 4>P°HTe 3 a HHBapb,
MapT h an-
peJib; 3tot CKop6nbiH chhcok BKJnoqaer 341 HenoBeKa c
yKa3aHHeM Mecra ™6e-
jih, ro.ua poameHHa h OTKyaa ohh 6hjih poAOM. BbiTb Moacex, 3to aacr bo3mo>k-
h
HOCTb hx noTOMKaM ysHan. hto-to o cbohx 6hh3khx. ripeAnonaraeTca AaTb
3HaMeHH ynacTHHKOB 6oeB 3a Bojio-
cnncoK HarpaxaeHHHx opAeHOM KpacHoro
naeBKy a ocBo6o5KAeHHe ripHMOpbH*
Ho KaK 5Ke npoHcxoAHJiH co6brraa b Te aaBHHe ahh?
AHajiH3 npHKa30B, onepaTHBHwx h pa3BeflbmaTeJibHbix cboaok HPA h
BOcnoMHHaHHH yHacTHHKOB co6wthh no3Bonaer AOBOHbHO ^eTKo no AHaM npeA-
MySKeCTBO H
CTaBHTb BCK) MHOr006pa3HyK) KapTHHy BoJIOHaCBCKOH OnepaUHH,
caMonoacepTBOBaHHe pyccKHX jnoAefi, KaK Tex, kto 6mji b HapoAHO-
peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH, Tan h b BejionoBCTaHiecKOH, noA Ha3BaHHeM
KOTopoK
CKpbiBajiact JJajibHe-BocTOHHaa ApMHa, nepe6pomeHHaa h3 3a6aiiKajibH no Kh-
TaHCKO-BocTOMHofi »ejie3H0H Aopore b npHMopbe b AeKa6pe 1920 roAa nocne
JIHKBHAaUHH TaK Ha3bIBaeMOH "hhthhckoh npo6KH"...
K Becne 1921 roAa na lore IlpHMOpba cKoirajiHCb ocraTKH SejiorBapAefi-
ckhx chji h 3 Ch6hph, 3a6aiiKajiba, IlpHaMypta hoa bhaom TpyAOBOii apMHM, He
HMeromefl opyacHa. Ho hhohckhc HHTepBeHTH h Mecraaa 6ypacya3HH npeAnpHHH-
jih Bee Mepw, mto6w BHOBb BoopyjRHTb cojwit
h o<J>nuepoB ajib Hcnojib30BaHHa b
noJiHTHHecKHX wrpax. 26 Maa 1921 roAa bo BjiaAHBOcroKe 6mji coBepmeH 6ypwy-

a3Hbift nepeBopoT, CBeprayBuiHH npo6oJibineBHCTCKoe npHMopcKoe oSnacTHoe

npaBHTexibCTBo. Bbin o6pa30BaH "nepHMH Sycfcep", KaK o6pa3HO TorAa rosopH-

jih, co3AaHO ripnaMypcKoe BpeMeHHoe npaBHTenbCTBo bo rnaBe c 6paTbHMH C.JS,.

h MepKynoBbiMH Cohphaoh MepKyjios HenocpeACTBeHHO BosraaBHJi npa-

H.JX- .

6paT cxaji mmhhctpom HHOCTpaHHbix a BoeHHo-MOpcKHX Aen.

BHTeiibCTBo, a ero
^noHuw npaKTH^ecKH npHHyAHiiH 6yp»ya3Hoe npaBHTenbCTBo 6pocHTb apinnio
npoTHB flajibHe-BocTOHHoii Pecny6jiHKH, ho CHanajia, b Hoa6pe 1921 roAa, 6e-
ot napTH3aH-
jiwm npHinjiocb npoBecTH HecKOHbKO onepauHfi no OHHCTKe Tbuia

•
TaKofi cnwcoK yxe ony6jiMKOBa H b c6opHHKe aokymchtob
"... H Ha Thxom oKeaHe". Mp-
KyrcK, 1988 r., xora k hmcct pjw HeTOHHOcTeii.

52
 y

ckhx oipaflOB. nojiHOCTbto 3ry 3aaaiy peuiHTb He yaajiocb, ho TeM He MeHee b

nocneAHMH fleHb HO«6pa 6enonoBcraHUbi nepeuuiH HefiTpajibHyio nojiocy, oxne-
jiaBiuyio anoHCKHe BOHCKa ot bohck HPA Ha ynacTKe, r^e 5Kene3Haa aopora ne-
pecexaeT peKy YccypH.
Flo flaHHbIM, npHBOflHMMM B 3HU,HKJIOne,aHH rpaJKflaHCKOH BOHHH, H3,HaH-
hoh b 1987 roay, Ha 1 Maa 1921 roaa b HPA 6mjio 36,1 twc. nejioBeK. Ho 3Ta
uH^pa npeflCTaBJiaerca hctohhoh, TaK KaK no coBepuieHHO cenpeTHOMy aoHece-
hhio b UK Pocchhckoh KOMMyHHcrHqecKOH napraw h b ,D(ajib6iopo npeflcraBJie-
Hbi aaHHbie no Kaxyjoii ahbh3hh oT^ejibHo Ha anpenb, h o6maa HHCJieHHOCTb ap-
mhh npeBbiuiajia 100 Tbican. no aoHeceHHK) lllTa6a npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro
OKpyra, Ha 18 OKTa6pa 1921 roaa TOJitKO b AinypcKofi ahbh3hh ihcuhjiocb 27378
HenoBeK, bohck a<e b 3a6aftKajibe 6wjio 3HaqHxejrbHO 6ojibine. Ho b tot momcht
ewe He 6lijio 3aBepmeHo coxpameHHe apMHH Ha ocHOBaHHK npHKa3a Me 230 ot
16 ceHTa6pa 1921 roaa.
JXjir jno6oro HccneaoBaTena h HCTopHKa, HMeiomero BoeHHyio no^roTOB-
Ky, noKa>KeTca CTpaHHHM, noneMy b o>KHflaHira npeflCToamHx 6oeB c BejionoB-
CTaHnecKOH apMHew ocymecrBJiajiocb pe3Koe coKpameHHe 6oeBoro cocraBa HPA.
KaK Morao OKa3aTbca, hto k 30 H0»6pa 1921 ro,aa npOTHB 3500 uirbiKOB, okojio
1200 ca6enb, HecKonbKHx aecaTKOB nyjieineTOB h 2 opyflHH 6ejibix 6wjio BbicTas-
jieHO tojibko okojio 600 hithkob 6 crpejncoBoro noma, a noTOM OTnpaBJieH H3
Xa6apoBCKa 5 crpejiKOBWH nonK h oahh KaBAiiBii3HOH 4 KaBnojiKa b 250 ca6e;ib?
Kax moi-jio OKa3aTbca, hto k ocshh h 3HMe ana kohhhujm HPA He 6mji 3a-
roTOBJieH 4>ypa* h 4 KaBnojiK He Mor ynacTBOBaTb b 6oax b nepBbix HHCJiax fle-
Ka6pa, Koraa KOHHHua 6ejibix #ejiajia rny6oKHe o6xoflbi h npopbiBH Ha (JmaHrax?
KaK Morno OKa3aTbca, hto H3 16 HcnpaBHbix 6poHenoe3flOB, 3axBaMeHHWx
HPA b 6oax npoTHB CeMeHOBa b Hoa6pe 1920 ro,na b 3a6aHKajibe, Ha XaSapoB-
ckom HanpaBJieHHH 0Ka3MBair nojmepacKy MajioHHcneHHHM 5 h 6 nojiKaM ToubKO
6poHenoe3fl Me 71
ATpaneB npextnaraeT paccKa3HBaxb o co6wthhx Tex AaBHHX flHefi 6e3 Jie-

reHfl!
OueHHBaa 6e3 npe;iB3aTOCTH h oGickthbho cjioxcHBmyioca o6cTaHOBKy na
(J)pOHTe B fleKa6pe 1921 h aHBape 1922 ro.ua, a HbiHe BecbMa flajieK ot boctop-
3KeHHbix noxBan b aapec nojiKOBOflnecKoro TanaHTa B.K.Bnwxepa, KOTOpbtti 3a
naTb MecaueB p kob oactb a HPA h Ojiotom flBP npoBeji 4 nepe<})opMHpoBaHHa,
b pe3yjibTaxe kotophx 6oecnoco6HocTb pe3Ko cHH3HJiacb* Hto ace Kacaerca
.

pacnpeaejieHHa h cpeacTB Ha TeaTpe bochhhx ^eficTBHH, to oho Bbi3biBaeT

chji

H3yMJieHHe: 6eiraa apMHa b npHMopbe, a ocHOBHbie chjim b HPA b 3a6aHKajibe!..

TaK yac, bhbho, 6hjio yroAHO cyab6e, ho b caniyio TpyflHyio MHHyiy, Ha
caMbie TpyflHbie ynacTKH nocbinajiH CTenaHa MHxawnoBHHa CepbimeBa. TaK 6bi-
jio npH opraHH3ainin Xa6apoBCKoro (BoCTOiHoro) 4>poHTa b 1920 rosy nocne

"
B suae 1922 r. B.K.B^ioxep npoBe^ nocjieflmow peopraHH3^UHio apMMH. IlojiyMHB ot
npcmuecTBeHHHKoB 36 nexoTHbix h 15 KaBanepHiicKMX nonsoB, oh ocraBun 5 cTpejiKOBbix, 1
y>ie6Ho-KaflpoBbiil cTpeJiKOBbiii itojik h 2 KaaanepHftcKHx no^Ka.
53
 . .

BHCTyrmeHHa anoHueB 5 anpena b r. Xa6apoBCKe, TaK 6bino npH jinKBH,aaunn

"hhthhckoh npo6KH", KOraa 6mji Ha3HaqeH KOMawryiomHM BoficKaMH AMypcKO-
ro $poHTa, BKJHOKaBiuero b ce6a h BocTOHHo-3a5aRKajii>cKHH
$poHT. H BHOBb
miaH 6opb6bi, Kor/ja pyKOBOflCTBo ripH-
eMy npHiujiocb bmhth Ha nepeflHHH
BoeHHoro OKpyra, Ha3HaneHHoe B.K.EjnoxepoM, b CHJiy o6i.eKTHB-
aMypCKoro
hhx h cy6teKTHBHbix npHMHH He cMorno opraHH30Barb 0Tpa>KeHHe BTopweHHa
6ejiorBapAeHCKoii apMHH noa KOMannoBaHHeM B.M.MojinaHOBa b
npeaejibi

3 Hoa6pa 1921 ro/ia C.M.CepbimeB 6mji Ha3HaneH KOMaHiryiomHM bom-

CKaMH BHOBb o6pa30BaBuieroca 3a6aHKajibCKoro OKpyra, a 3 aeKa6pa oh Bbie3-
Bpary, nocKOJib-
a<aeT Ha bo3hhkuihh $poHT, hto6m jihhho opraHH30BaTb oraop
Ky c 5 HOa6pa 6mji oaHOBpeMeHHo h 3aMecTHTejieM DiaBKoina h BoeHMHHa ^BP.
Benepy aeKa6pa, rae 3acTaji nojmbiH pasnaa b ko-
B Xa6apoBCK npn6biJT k 1 1

npHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra. HjieH BoeHHoro CoBeTa

MaH/iOBaHHH
B.H. MejibHHKOB eme 24 HoaSpa OTcrpaHHJi ot KOMaHflOBaHHa OKpyroM cTaB-
neHHHKa B.K.Bjiioxepa Anb6epTa ilnoBH^a JIanHHbiiia h BbinojiHaji o/jHOBpe-
MeHHO 4>yHKUHH KOMaHflyiomero BoiicKaMH h HiieHa BoeHHoro CoBeTa.
Ouchhb
B.H.MejibHHKOBa ot pyKO-
o6cTaHOBKy, C.M.CepbimeB 16 aeKa6pa OTCTpaHHJi
BoacTBa BOHCKaMH h npHHan Ha ce6a bcjo oTBercrBeHHOCTb 3a npOMaxn npeflbi-
pecny6JiHKH, Bbiexaji
aymero KOMaimoBaHHa b Bonpoce opraHH3amiH oSopoHbi
ero Ha3HanaioT kombohck ripnaMBO, a 25.12 Kom.
Ha 4>poHT. Mepe3 xpw mix
HjieHOM BoeHHoro CoBeTa yTBepacaaeTca ero /xpyr h co-
BocrroMHoro <J>poHTa,
paTHHK IleTpOBHH lloCTbimeB, 6blBLUHH flO 3T0r0 n0JIHT3MHCCap0M IlpH-
FlaBeJI
aoji5Khocth HBC,
aMypcKoft o6nacrH. MenbHHKOB ace c 27 aeKa6pa 6bin CHaT c
okojio Kapra o6cyac,naiOT nnaH
TaKHM o6pasoM, KapTHHa, Ha Koxopofi aKo6bi
C.M.CepbiiueB, n.n.nocTbiuieB h
BojionaeBCKofi onepauHH B.K.Ejiroxep,
KaK MenbHHKOBa y*e He 6mjio b paaax apMHH.
B.H. MejibHHKOB, HeBepna, TaK
Hto Kacaerca A.fl.JIanHHbiiia (A;ib6epT HBaHOBHi JIannH), to oh 6mji
BoeHHoro OK-
Ha3HaneH 23 fleKaSpa KOMaHiryiomHM BoiicKaMH 3a6afiKajibCKoro
htoSm 6pocHTb Ha Hero KaKyio-TO
pyra. O JlariHHbiue a paccKasaji He ana toto,
TeHb. K TOMy BpeineHH oh y*:e HMen TpH op/jeHa KpacHoro 3HaMeHH h 3a ero
oh HarpaxfleH qeT-
njienaMH 6bui 6oraTbifi 6oeBOH oitmt. B nocjieayiomeM 6yfleT
KpacHoro 3HaMeHH h opaeHOM JleHHHa, ho ero He mhhct nep-
BepTbiM opaeHOM
HbiH 1937 rofl, >KH3HeHHbiH nyTb npepBeTca 11 Maa.
AoKyMeHTOB o tom, hto
B.K.Bnioxep BCTynnjica 3a cBoero 6oeBoro TOBapwma, noMouiHHKa KOManayra-
Oco6oh KpacH03HaMeHHoii ^aJibHeBocTOHHOH apMHH no BBC
mero BoiicKaMH
KOMKopaA.5I JIanHHbUia, noKa He HaiifleHo
.

C.M.CepwuieBy npHiujiocb opraHH30BWBaTb oTpaaceHHe KaK om c

Hyxia.

coopyaceHHa Ha HviaHe (coBpeMeHnaa Bojibiuaa YccypKa) h Ha

O6op0HHTejibHbie
nocxpoeHbi b Te^eHHe JieTa 1921 ro a, KaK 3to nuaHHpoBanocb
BHKHHe He 6biJiH fl

cpoHHOfi nepe6po-
pyKOBOflCTBOM. HPA. CTenaH MnxaHJiOBKH oraaeT npHKa3 o
OTaejibHoro KaBajiepHHCKoro
cKe H3 3a6aKKanba Oco6oro AiwypcKoro nojiKa h 4
AHBH3H0Ha H3 AMypcKofi o6j:acra*

"
<t>aicrniecKH scaB3cKajipoH. Cm. npHMe«iaHHe Ha cTp. 33.

54
 npeanonaraa flajisHeHiiiee npoflBHaceHne 6ejibix, #jia aeHCTBHH B m TbiJiy

KOMaHflOBaHwe co3flaeTaBa napTH3aHCKnx OTpjma. Ilo peKOMeH.aau.HH n.n. Ilo-

cTWUieBa KOMaHjtHpoM oflHoro H3 hhx Ha3HanaeTca H.n.LLIeBHyK, c KOTOpbiM oh
H pyKHJi, a BToporo oTpaaa BoHKo-IlaBJioB ,ZJ.H. Ha 6a3bi OTpaaoB b Bocrop-
-

roBKy (HbiHe HoBOKypoBKa) m b cejio BaTCKoe cpoiHO 3a6pacbiBaioT npo-

flOBOJibCTBHe, cHapaaceHwe h BbiflejiaKir HeoSxoaHMoe BoopyaceHHe. B nocjie^y-
ioiueM 06a KOMaHAHpa He nosKexraioT B03BpaTHTb nacrrb ocraBiiiHxca 3anacoB.
O 6oax HapoflHo-peBOJitouHOHHOH apMHH c 6ejionoBcraHuaMH b KOHue
,neKa6pa 1921 ro^a h b aHBape 1922 mm paccnaKeM b apyroM onepKe. 3fleo>
jIHUIb OTMCTHM, HTO B pe3yJIbTaTe OTCTynJieHHJt HapOAHO-peBOJIIOUHOHHOH ap-
MHH H3 Xa6apoBCKa 6bmH yTpaieHbi 6ojibiune 3anacbr MaTepHanbHbix cpeacTB,
CHapHAOB, BoeHHoro HMymecTBa h CHapa>KeHHa, hto b nocjieayiouieM 3arpyflHa-
jio Bonpocbi cHaSaceHHH h o6ecneneHHa bohck. MopanbHoe coctohhhc h 6oeBofi

nyx cojiAaT ynanH. npHimrocb npn6erHyTb k KpyTbiM MepaM, hto6m HaBecTH no-
pflflOK.

TpeuieH, Kaiocb, cHHTaK h a, KaK MHorwe H3 HccneflOBaTejieH h BerepaHOB

rpaxcaaHCKoft bohhm, hto b noaBJieHHH npHKa3a N° 15 ot 26 aeKa6pa 1921 roaa,
KOTopbrM npeaaBaJiHCb BoeHHO-nojieBOMy cyay KOMaHflHpbi h KOMHCcapw OTcry-
nHBiiiHX noflpa3flejieHHH h Kawabifl flecaTbifl HapoaoapMeeu, bhhobch
C.M.CepbiuieB. H mmh He,aaBHO Hauien b apXHBe flOKyMeHT, b kotopom HeoA-
H03HaiH0 CKa3aHo: "YcMaTpMBaa b 6ok> 13-ro #eKa6pa noa JIoHHaKOBO b 6a-
TanbOHe naxoro crpeJiKOBoro nonKa noimyio 6e3fleaTejibHOCTb KOMaHflHoro h
KOMHecapeKoro cocraBa, BOEHCOBET nPMKA3MBAET (raK b TeKcre. - r.JI.)
HeMeaneHHO Bcex bhhobhmx, npeaaB cyay, noaBeprHyTb xecroKOM xape, TpycoB
paccTpejiaxb". IloflnHCH Bjiioxepa, TpwfcoHOBa, ToKapeBCKoro. ,0,OKyMeHT aa-
THpoBaH 18 Aeica6pa 1921 ro^a, ahcm B03BpameHHa Ejwoxepa H3 ^afipeHa, cue
oh HaxoAHjica c 5 Hoa6pa. HraK, He pa3o6paBuiHCb b CHTyauHH, a 6oxree npa-
BMJibHO - CKpbiBaa cboh npocneTbi b Bonpoce o6opoHbi pecny6jiHKH, oh eflHHMM
pocnepKOM nepa o6peK Ha CMepTb moxen, peuiHB 3a BoenHO-noneBoii cya.
ripw noaroTOBKe k ony6jiHKOBaHHio flOKyMem-a b TpHAuaxbie roflbi npH-
BeaeHHbiM mhofo TeKcr 6biJi BbiMapaH h AOKyMeHT ony6jiHKOBaH 6e3 sthx crpoK.
3aTo b KHHre "3thx AHefi He cmojikhct cnaBa", roflaHHofi b 1966 ro/iy bo BnaaH-
BOCTOKe, CKa3aH0, hto Bnioxep c oonbuiHM ono3AaHHeM y3Han o co6biraax npH
OTCTynneHHH ot Xa6apoBCKa H3 npHKa3a JN° 15 h o6pa™n BHHMaHHe Ha OTCyT-
CTBne rjrySoKoro, oSocHOBaHHoro aHajiH3a hphhhh oTcrynjieHHa Hacreii, h hto
aKo6bi Bjifoxep, npeKpacHO nOHHMaa, KaK mot noaBHTbca TaKOii npHKa3, noco-
BeTOBan cnoKoiiHbiM tohom CepbimeBy OTMeHHTb npHKa3, Ha3HaHHTb komhcchio
no paccneAosaHHio, h TOJibKo nocjie 3Toro CepbimeB noHan cboio ouiH6Ky. Ka-
kobo? !

B aeHb CBoero npn6biTHa b HHTy H3 flaflpeHa Bjiwxep pa30-

nepBbift ace
cnaii b pa3Hbie HHCTaHUHH, b tom HHcne h b bmcuihc HHCTaHUHH BoeHHoro pyKO-

BOACTBa CoBeTCKoK Pocchh, aHajiH3 npHHHH OTCTynjieHHa HPA nofl y^apaMH 6e-
JiorBapfleHueB. 3to ero CBoeo6pa3Hoe onpaBAaHne 3a CTpaTerHHecKHe npocneTbi,
AonymeHHbie pyKOBOflCTBOM HPA nofl ero KOMaaaoBaHHeM, ho yKa3biBaex-To oh
55
Ha TaKTH^ecKHe oiuh6kh noapa3.ne.JieHHH h yMajiHHBaeT o tom, ^to 3th nacTH He
Mornn npoTHBOCToari. nporaBHHKy io-3a oihh6ok cTpaTerHHecKoro h oneparaB-
Horo xapaKTepa. He 6hjio cocpeaoTOHeHo aocTaTOHHo can h cpejtcTB aa Hy>KHOM
onepaTHBHOM HanpaBjieHHH. ApMHa KaTacTpocjjuqecKH coKpameHa. A 3to BHHa
Emoxepa! HacTH He HMejiH hh TaKTHqecKoro, hh oneparaBHoro pe3epBa, mto6h
HaHOCHTb KOHTpyflapH HO 06XOAHHM KOJIOHHaM BWCOKOMaHeBpeHHOrO npoTHB-
HHKa. 3to BHHa pyKOBOflcTBa HPA, a He HapoaoapMeHueB. OTcyTCTBHe aocTa-
TOMHoro KOJiHHecTBa aprajuiepHH Ha HyacHbix HanpaBJieHHax, HauHHHe jiHiub on-
HOro 6poHenoe3aa, KOTopbifl b jhoSoh momcht 6oeBOfl o6cTaHOBKH Mor bmhth
H3 cxpofl* A Beflb flocraTOHHoe kojihhcctbo apTHJinepHHCKHX opy/wii Morao
.

6btTb BbWBHHyTo Ha 4>poht, ecjiH 6bi HMejmcb noaroTOBJieHHbie kohh. Ilpn ot-
CTynneHHH H3 Xa6apoBCKa KpacHbie cinorjiH BbiBe3TH H3 ropoaa 6ojibmoe kojih-
neCTBo aprajuiepHH, ho b pe3yjibraTe nanHnecKoro 6erCTBa TOJibico b OoKpoBKe,
yace Ha jieBOM 6epery AMypa, 6ejibie 3axBarajiH 28 opyjjHH. BnponeM, Bocnojib-
30BaTbca hmh b nonHOH Mepe ohh Tax h He cmohih, TaK Kax y hhx oTcyTCTBOBa-
jih noAroTOBJieHHbie apnuinepHHCKMe pacneTbi.

Bnpase AXpaneB 3aaaTb Bonpoc, Kaic h jiio6oh apyrofl HenoBex: noneiuy

06 3tom He nncanH paHtme?
CepwuieB yMep b 1928 rony h, ecrecTBeHHO b CBoe onpaBflaHHe He CMor
CKa3aTb npaB^bi o Tex ahsx.
Emoxep nocjie TpasKjiaHCKOH bohhw MHoro nwcaji craTeS o BoeHHO-
noJiHTHMecKOH o6craHOBKe Ha ^ajibHeM BocTOKe, h bo mhoi-hx H3 hhx Ha6jnojj.a-
xejibHbtH iHTaTejib 3atvieraT CBoeo6pa3Hoe ero caMoonpaBflaHHe 3a cboh fleflcT-
BHa bo BTopoii nojioBHHe 1921 h HaqaJie 1922 roaos. MHoro ynpeKOB napTH3a-
HaM c oflHOBpeMeHHow noxBanoft. Ho 6buia jih HaponHO-peBOJHOUHOHHaa apinwa
JXBP no npn6biTHa Bjiioxepa Ha flOJUKHOCTb HiaBKOMa h BoeHHoro MHHHCTpa
napTH3aHCKOH?
OTBeT o,aH03Ha4eH. Her! B cocraB 1 3a6aiiKajibCK0H h 2 AMypcKofi apMHH
bxoahjio 36 crpejiKOBbix nojiKOB, 15 KaBanepHHCKHX, 6pOHecHjibi BKjnoMajiH b
ce6a nojiTopa aecsTKa 6po«enoe3aoB h TS5Kejibie TaHKOBbie ahbm3hohm, HMexiocb
6ojibuioe KOJiHHecTBO apTHjuiepHH, aBHaijHOHHbie Hacra, 4acra cba3h, >Kejie3HO-
flopowHbie, HH«eHepHbie, iue,zumHHCKHe, a TaKHce norpaHHHHtie Hacra. Bee ohh
6bLIIHC^OpMHpOBaHbl HO ^eTKHM UITaTaM, C HeTKOfi 6pHraAH0H H flHBH3H0HH0H
CTpyKTypofi. FjiaBHOKOMaHayiomHH 3nxe npn cocraBJieHHH uiraTOB IIlTa6a
HPA npeaycMoxpeji aa>Ke to, hto aojuKHocTb HanajibHHKa UlTa6a aojukch 3aHH-
MaTb TOJibKO nenoBeK, okohmhbuihh AKa^eMHio TeHepajibHoro UlTa6a, hto h
co6jnozuuiocb npaKTHHeCKH Bee BpeMa ao npw6biTHa Bjiioxepa. ,Ha, b npHMopbe
cymecTBOBajiH nofl bhjj.om napra3aHCKHX OTpaaoB nacTH HPA aia 6opb6w c
anoHCKHMH HHTepBeHTaMH h napTH3aHCKne OTpaflbi, cwraBuine, hto TOJibxo chji
HPA HeaocTaTOHHo ana Be^eHHa ycneujHwx 6oeBbix flencTBHii, ho 3to He 03Ha-
qaeT napTH3aHCKoro xapaKTepa HapoflHO-peBOJirouHOHHOH apMmi.

*
EpoHenoew Ns 7 4 aeKaSpa 1921 rona zieficTBMTejibHO 6hin pa36HT 6ejibiMH.
56
 OcHOBHyK) Maccy BoeHHOcjiywainHX b HPA cocraBJisjiH xopomo oSyneH-
Htie h opraHH30BaHHMe Hacra 6biBuieH KOJinaKOBCKoii apMHH, nepeiue/iiiieM Ha
CTopoHy HapoflHOH BJiacTH eme b 1920 ro^y h AOKa3aBUJHe npenaHHOCTb ePi b 60-
J1X C HHTepBeHTaMH H CeMeHOBUaMH. CjiyjKHJIO B HeH MHOrO BbICOKOKBaiIH(J)HUH-

pOBaHHBIX 6bIBHIHX 0(pHUepOB UapCKOH PyCCKOH ApMHH, nOHHMaBIHHX, HTO

npaB/ia Ha cropoHe Hapofla, a He HHocTpaHHHx HHiepBeHTOB h hx HaeMHHKOB.
B 3T0H CB5I3H yMeCTHO 6bIJI0 6bl npHBCCTH HeCKOJIbKO CTpOK H3 npHKa30B
C.M.CepbinieBa, KOTOpbiH, ocraBiiiHCb 3a DiaBKOMa b ceHTaGpe 1921 roAa bh-
noJiHfla nocTaHOBJieHHH o AeMo6H.riH3au.HH, CTpeMHJica coxpaHHTb npotfceccHO-
HanbHbiH KaapOBbiH cocTaB: "He noanOKax yBOJibHeHHio no HacToamefi AeMo6n-
jiH3auHH: a) Bee 6biBinHe cxpwuepbi, BoeHHbie hhhobhhkh, hhhobhhkh BoeHHoro
BpeMeHH h Jinija MeflHUHHCKoro h BerepHHapHoro nepcoHaira, yHTep-o(j)Huepbi h
KpacHbie KOMaHflHpbi, He3aBHCHMO ot 3aHHMaeMbix hmh b Hacroamee BpeMa
AOJOKHocTen..." He no6oajica CepwuieB oTaaTb h npHKa3 JSfe 236 ot 29 ceHTa6pa
1921 rofla, rnacHBinHH: "npH3BaTb Ha AeficTBHTejibHyio BoeHHyio cnyac6y noBce-
MeCTHO Ha TeppHTopHH Pecny6:iHKH: 1 Embihhx ocpnuepoB Bcex poflOB opy»CHa:
.

a) reHepanoB, poflHBiiiHxca nocne 31 Aena6pa 1856 ro^a; 6) Erra6-o4»mepoB, po-

AHBuiHxca nocne 31 aeKa6pa 1863 roAa; b) o6ep-o$HuepoB, poahbuihxca nocne
31 AeKa6pa 1873 rofla..." Aejian 3T0 CepbimeB b MOMembi, icor,na OTcyxcrBOBaji
Bjiioxep.
TaK hto Jiio6oMy 6y.neT HHTepecHo y3HaTb, hto b pa^ax HPA h b 6ejio-
rBapaeflcKOH apMHH reHepan-Maiiopa B.M.MonHaHOBa cpaxcajmcb MHorae xo-
pouio 3HaBmHe npyr apyra.
XapaKTepHoi! oco6eHHOCTbK) crpoeHMa HPA 6hjio AOBepne k 6hbiuhm
o<j)HuepaM. B to we BpeMa MepxyjioBCKoe npaBHTejibCTBO He Morno oStaBHTb
Mo6ujiH3auHio, TaK KaK Mo6njiH30BaHHbie pa6oHHe h KpecrrbaHe pa36erajiHCb.
Oho Morao na6paTb b paflw CBoen apMHH numb Tex, kto He CMor CMHpHTtca c
noaBJieHHeM HOBoro rocyaapcTBeHHoro ycTpoftcTBa - Cobctckoh Pocchh h
flanbHe-BocTOHHOH Pecny6jiHKH h k 1921 ro/ry 0Ka3ajica Ha OKpaHHe. Ho 3to,
pa3yMeeTC«, 6mjih npo<|)eccHOHa.nbHbie conaaTbi h o^Huepw.
B KaKoK-TO Mepe chmbojihhho, hto HanajibHHKOM noireBoro urra6a, npH-
6biBiuero Ha Boctohhmh (J>P oht c B.K.EjiioxepOM 28 aHBapa 1922 roAa*, 6hji
AhHCHMOBHH JlyUKOB, XOpOUIO JIHHHO 3HaBUIHH TeH6-
6bIBIUHH nOJIKOBHHK IleTp
pan-Mafiopa B.M.MonnaHOBa no cobmccthoh cny>K6e b KOJiHaKOBCKoii apMHH.
K 3TOMy BpeMeHH JlyuKOB yace ycneji nocnyacHTb b HPA b aojdkhocth Ha-
najibHHKa uiTa6a npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro oKpyra h aawe okojio nayx Heaejib
noKOMaHaosaji napTH3aHaMH ITpHMopba, no npn6biTHa JleyiuHHa.
B xyaojKeCTBeHHOH JiHTepaType mhoto h noAHac B3axjie6 paccKa3biBaeTca
o tom, hto HapoaoapMeHueB c npH6biTHeM Enioxepa oxsaTHJio jiHKOBaHHe: bot
xenepb-To noKAeM 6paTb BojionaeBKy!

"
26 AHBapH npn6bLHH b 5npy, rae 6bw UlTa6 BocTOHHoro <ppOKTa, a 28 - Ha cTaKumo
Hh, rae HaxoflwiHCb ocHOBHbie cmibi HPA.
57
 .

EIpo6biB TpH aha Ha HHe, Enioxep yexan b Enpy h OTTy.ua cneaHJi 3a xo-
flOM 6oeB. Ho
npH6bui-TO oh, Koraa yqacn, 6ejiorBapae{icKHx bohck 6buia npea-
peiueHa xoaom MecaHHbix 6oeB MOKfly BojionaeBKofi h Whom, Koraa m
3a6aitea-
jiba 6hjih nepeSpomeHbi Bee HMeBiunecs chjim HPA: OTaejibHaa HtiTHHCKaa
CTpejiKOBaa SpwraAa, TpOHincocaBCKHii KaBnojiK, OTAejibHbiii Hhthhckhh KaB-
AHbh3hoh, apTHJuiepnficKne 6arapeH, ABa 6poHenoe3Aa, a BMecro hhx b 3a6aK-
Kajibe BBejeHa 104 crpejiKOBaa 6pnraaa KpacHofl ApMHH. Bjiioxep npHHan pe-
uieHHe o noe3^Ke Ha <j)poHT, Koraa onepaTHBHbte h pa3BeAbmaTejibHbie cboakh
UlTa6a HPA cranH cBHAeTejibCTBOBaTb o nocToaHHbix nopaaceHHax 6ejibix b 60-
ax, o pa3pyuieHHH hmh moctob, hto hbho rOBOpHJio 06 OTica3e ot HacTymieHHa,
rax He n03BOJiajio 6ejibiM BBOAHTb b 6oh 6poHenoe3Aa.
tcaic

Pa3BeAMBaTeJibHaa CBOflKa M
75 ot 16 aHBapa rcracHT: "no cjiOBaM 6eji-
cojiaaT, H3flaH npHKa3 06 oTCTyruieHHH Ha Xa6apoBCK, r^e iipothbhhk aojukch
ynopHO oGopoHaTbca..." noATBepAHJio MHeHHe Bnioxepa, hto 6ejibie yace He b
CHJiax HacTynaTb, h flpyraa pa3BeACBOAKa, ot 22 HHBapa: "...H3 Xa6apoBCKa ycti-
neHHo BbiB03aT Ha ior cHapaflbi... B BojionaeBKe 6enue cTaBaT npoBOJiOHHbfe 3a-
rpawaeHHa".
Be3ycjioBHo, HanajibHHK pa3BeabiBaTenbHoro ynpaBJieHHa HPA, b cboc
Bpevia okohhhbiuhm AicaAeMHio TeHepajibHoro IIlTa6a, TjiaroneB npaBHjibHO
oueHHBaji oScraHOBKy, noAHepKHBaa b BbiBOAax pa3BeACBOAKH: "06pamaeT
BHHMaHHe Bbmo3 CHapaflOB (H3) Xa6apoBCKa (Ha) ior h yKpenneHHe BononaeBKH
npOB0Ji0KO3arpa>KfleHHaMH"
Koraa a cKa3aji, hto ynacTb 6enbix 6biJia npeapeuieHa, to He oroBopnnca.
noHHMaji 3to m KOMaHflytoiUHH 6ejionoBCTEHuaMH reHepaji-Maftop B.M. Mon-
naHOB, hto JierKO 3aMeTHTb b ero npMKa3e ot 5 (j)eBpajia 1922 rofla N° 572, b ko-
TopoM cKa3aHo: "Bonpoc caMoro Hauiero 6biTna Tpe6yeT nojinoro HanpsaceHHa
Bcex chji AJia AOCTHHceHHa no6eabi. no6excAaeT tot, kto CTpacrno aceraeT 3Toro.
C no6eaoH mm xchbbm. Heyaana MoaceT jrauiHTb nac caMoro 6biraa, KaK aHTH-
6oJTbiueBHCTCKOH opraHHiauHH... He noKJia^aa pyK 3aKpenjiafiTecb. Ho 3Toro
Mano, - BHeapHTe BceM, hto npOBOJiOKy 6pocnTb hh b kocm cjiynae Henb3a..."
MHoroonbiTHbifl reHepan noHHMan, hto yaepacaTb BojionaeBicy eMy He y^acTca,
xotb h OTMenaji b tom ace npHKa3e, hto ecjiH y^acTca HaHecTH nopaareHHe HPA
noA BononaeBKOH, to 6enwe CMoryr npoflBHHyTbca Bnepea eme Bepcrr Ha cm
Pa3yMeeTca, CKa3aHHoe mhoio Bbiuie He yinajiaeT noflBHra HapoAoapMeft-
ueB, iHTypMOBaBiiiHX BOJionaeBCKHe yicpenjieHHH, a npn BHHMaTenbHOM nponre-
hhh AOKy MeHTO b h HeonySjiHKOBaHHbix socnoMHHaHHH 3acTaBJiaeT cicjioHHTb
ronoBbi nepea hx MyacecTBOM h caMonoacepTBOBaHHeM. Beab b BOJionaeBCKHX
6oax norn6 hjih 6bni paHeH ftohth KaacAMH Tperaii HapoAoapMeeu.
YAHB^aeT HenoAroTOBJieHHOCTb BojionaeBCKOH onepauHH, HecMOTpa Ha
HanHHHe 6onbuiHX chji h cpeACTB. BpoHenoe3Aa HPA He MorjiH AeKcTBOBaTb H3-
3a HeHcnpaBHOCTH MOCTa Ha penice nonepeiKe b iuecTH KHJioMeTpax ot Bojiona-
eBKH, xoTa TeppHTopHa ya<e 6bma 3aH3Ta KpacHbiMH. fljia npeoAOJieHHa npOBO-
jiOHHbix 3arpa*AeHHH He 6mjio npHroTOBJieHO HHKaKnx cpeACTB - hh TonopoB,
HH JIOMOB, HH HOJKHHU JSJIH pe3KH npOBOJIOKH, XOTa 0 npOBOJIOHHHX 3arpawAeHH-
58
ax 3HanH yace iiomtm Mecan, h KOMaHayrauiKH (jipOHTOM C.M.CepbiiueB c komzih-
flHpOM OTflejIfaHOH CBOflHOH CTpeJIKOBOH SpHraflbl H.3.nOKyCOM o6paTHJIH BHH-
MaHHe Enioxepa na HeoSxoaHMocTb hmcti> cpeflCTBa fljia yHH<iTO>KeHHH 3arpaw-
^eHMH. Bot KaK BcnoMHHaJi 06 3tom .3.3.noKyc: "KoMaHflHp Cboahoh cTpejixo-
boh 6pHraabi (IloKyc HMeeT b BHjry ce6a. - r.JI.) npocnji uiTa6 4>pOHTa o noflB03e
eMy orHenpHnacoB. Ho b iiiTa6e npefljioacHJiH KOM6pnry nonb30BaTbca cbohmh
nepeBOSo^HtiMH cpeacTBaMH. Hcnonb30BaHne aria nepeB03Kn orHenpHnacoB
0603a oflHOro nojiKa Kpaime He6naronpHaTHO OTpa3HJiocb Ha kohckom cocrase,
0CJia6nB ero CHflbi. CaHHTapHbiM TpaHcnopTOM flna SBaKyauHH paHeHbix KOMaH-
flHp CBOflHOH SpHraflbio6ecne4eH He 6mji BOBce. Bee sth HefloneTbi k Benepy 10
TaKHM o6pa30M, k Hanany 60a noflfOTOBKa k
<J)eBpa^a flajiH ce6a nyscTBOBaTb.
HacTynJieHHK) eme He 6bma OKOHqeHa".
Pa3yMeerca, 3th ctpokh npn ny6jiHKauHH BocnoMHHaHHH IIoKyca 6bmH
BbinepKHyTW, hto6m hh b Koeft Mepe He 6pocHTb TeHb Ha nojiKOBoanecKHH Ta-
jiaHT B.K-Eiiioxepa, h TonbKO apxHBHbift MaTepHan no3BOJiaeT y3HaTb npasfly.
Ho 3aTO b JiereHAapHofi 4>opMe pacnacaHO, KaK Bnioxep HaxoflHTca Ha nepe.no-
boh, jihhho OTflaeT npHKa3aHHa, bhaht, KaK H3 OKOnnHKOB noflHHMaiOTca Ha
mTypM HapofloapMeiiiUbi.
JXo flByx MacoB hohh 12 <J)eBpajia KOMaHflHp 6 nojiKa A.H.3axapOB h
fl.3.noKyc c 3-h nojiyKa3apMbi, pacnojio>KeHHOH okojio 6 KHUOMerpoB k 3anaay
ot BoJioqaeBKH, nbiTajwcb flO3B0HHTbca h oTHCKaTb b Tbmy Bnioxepa, hto6bi
nonyHHTb pa3pemeHHe Ha yaap oSxoahoh kojiohhoh bo rjiaBe c K0M6aTOM
B.A.Fiojiburo(J)OM c K>ra b thji BonoqaeBKH. H tojibko b 3Ty HOHb yflanocb boc-
CTaHOBHTb moct Ha rionepeHKe, ito no3BOJiHJio yrpoM BBecra b 6ofl 6poHenoe3-
na.
TaK hto ecjiH Bnioxep h npnexan noa BonoqaeBKy Ha KOMaHflHbiK nyHKT
Cboahoh crpejiKOBOii 6pHraflbi, to 6hji ot jihhhh orHa He Sjiwace 6 khjiomctpob
h HHnaK He Mor Ha6jno.naTb pe3ynbTaT0B cbohx oeih6ok npH noflroTOBKe iirryp-
Ma, Korfla nepe3 npOBOJiOKy HapoapapMeHuaM iipniujiocb nepe6HpaTbca no Te-
jiaM y6nTbtx TOBapHmeH.
rjpaB npeflceflaxe^b wcnojiKOMa, Korfla roBopHT, hto sKcnoHa™ My3ea He
oTpaxaiOT BceH npaBflbi Tex flaBHHX coSbithh.
il He cjiynafiHO ynoMaHyn o coflep*aHHn npHKa3a renepajia MojmaHOBa.

OTflaH oh 6bui pobho iepe3 Mecau. nocne nepBoro B3araa nacraMH HPA aepeBHH
BojionaeBKH h coriKH MioHb-KapaHH* 6 aHBapa 1922 rofla...
nocne no6eflbi nofl Hhom 28 aeKadpa 1921 roaa nojiKH HPA 3a HecKOJibKo
flHew noflroTOBHflHCb k HacTynJieHHK), crpeMacb He ynycTHTb pe3yjibTaT0B no6e-
flw. Oco6mh AMypcKHH nonK nofl KOMaHflOBaHHeM H.M.HeBOJiHHa (b sto BpeMa

FIonoB B.A. KOMaHflOBan o6-bezuiHeHHOH Hhckoh rpynnHpoBKoK), 5 cTpejiKOBbifi

noun nofl KOMaHflOBaHHeM T.B. KoHflpaTbeBa (6biBiiiHH oc[)Huep), HMea b pe3epBe
CHjibHO nopefleBiiiHH 6 cTpenKOBWH nojiK noa KOMaHflOBaHHeM Cyp5bi

"
npaBH^bKoe Ha3BaHne conKH HsOHb-KapaHH, b pe3ynt.TaTe HesepHoro npon3HouieHHa B
JiHTeparype nacTO BCTpenaeTCH HanwcaHMe Ha3BaHHn "MioHb-KapaHb".
59
(KOMaHflHp nojiKa 6mbihhh mxa6c-KanHTaH H.n.HHJTbcOH-rHpcT nonan b njieH k
6eirwM 23 aeKa6pa bo Bjia^HMHpoBKe), noBejiH cxpeMHxejibnoe HacxyruieHHe
Bflonb xejie3HOH aoporw, 4 KaBaxiepHHCKHH hojik h oahh 6axanbOH 6 cxpejiKOBo-
ro nojiKa noa o6uihm KOMaHflosaHHeM ApnoxoBCKoro HacxynajtM nepe3 Jlyro-
Boe, 3a6ejioBCKoe, BepxHe- h HH*HecnaccKoe c sa^aqefl yaapnTb c wra b xbin
BojiOMaeBCKoii rpynnHpoBKH npoTHBHHKa. IIapxH3aHCKHH oxpaa (HHor^a b jih-

TepaType oh oiiih6omho npoxo,n,HX KaK 8 TyHryccKHK nojiK) H.n.IHeBHyiea Ha-

cxynaji H3 BocroproBKH (Htme HoBOKypoBKa) nepe3 ApxaHrejibocoe Ha flexcHeB-
Ky c saflaueft yaapHXb b run BojionaeBKH c BocTOKa.
k BoJioiaeBKe, 3aHHJiH ee OKpaHHy,
5 HHBapfl HapofloapMefiubi nofloiimH
ho 6bira BbmyameHbi oxcxyrwxb. C yxpa 6 aHBapa npnB6nn nacTH b nopaflOK h
BHOBb 6pocnnHCb b 6oh. K Be<iepy Bojio^aeBKa 6tma B35rra. EaTajibOH BarceHTH-
Ha MaKCHMOBHMa HepHOBa (6mbuihh o<}>Huep) 3aHflJi conKy HiOHb-KapaHH. Ot-
CTynnBriiHe 6ejibie Hoibio npoH3BejiH nepe<J)opMHpoBaHHe Ha ochobhom HanpaB-
jieHHH h HaHecnn yaap, CTapaao. OKpyacHXb BoJionaeBKy. Hacxb 5 nojiKa ocxa-
nacb b aepeBHe h 6buia 3axBaneHa b iureH. B.M.HepHOB noaian pa3B&HKy /ma bh-
acHeHHa o6cTaHOBKH, pa3BeflHHKH b aepeBHe HaxoJiKHynHCb Ha 3aKpwxbix b H3-
6ax HapofloapMefiueB, kotophx hhkto He oxpaHan, h hm yaajiocb 6onbinyio
nacTb BHBecTH H3 .nepeBHH, cnac™ H3 njieHa. TeMHOTa He no3BOJiH.ua HepnoBy
npaBHJibHo copneHTnpoBaxbca b co3£taBiiieHCfl o6cxaHOBKe, h k yTpy oh 6biJi bm-
Hy>KaeH ocTaBHXb conny. 3a 3xox 6oh h MyxcecTBo b 6ok> noa Bxopoft nonyKa-
3apM0H 1 1 HHBapa oh 6bui HarpaacaeH cepe6psHMMH lacaMH.
Oxpsfl H.n.IIIeB>iyKa k 5 AHBapa Bbiuieji k ,E[e>KHeBKe, ho nocjie o6cTpejia
SenbiM 6poHenoe3AOM yiiieji b ApxaHrenoBKy, to ecrb nocraBneHHyK) eviy 3aflany
He BbinoxiHHJi.
KaBanepHflcKHH nojiK ApxioxoBCKoro nocne B3axwa BepxHe- h HroKHe-
cnaccKoro BinecTo yaapa 6 aHBapa Ha BoJionaeBicy oxomeji Ha 3a6eneBCKyjo h
JlyroByio, TaK KaK pa3Befl4HKH aojioskhjih, ^to no npaBOMy 6epery AMypa jibh-
*exca oxpaa 6enbix flJia HaHeceHHa yaapa b TbiJiy Ha Hh. B aeHCTBHrenbHOCTH
CHJiw OTpflfla noJiKOBHHKaHnbKOBa-KapnoBa StuiH npeyBexiH-ieHbi b HecKOJibKO
pa3, h HHHUHaTHBa ApTioxoBCKoro no npHKpbiTHK> 4>naHra c oxboaom cBoero
nojiKa BMecTO BbinojmeHHa nocxaBJieHHofi 3aflann 3aKOHTOJiacb oxflaHHeM ero
noflcya h CHHxeHHeM b .hojdkhocth.
Boo6me c tohkh 3peH«a onepaTHBHO-TaKTH^ecKOH cneayex oTMeTHTb no-
cToaHHoe npHMeHeHHe 6ejibiMH MaHeBpeHHwx onepaTHBHbix rpynn, Koxopbie b
xo,ne Bcero Xa6apOBCKoro noxo/ta HaHOCHJiH yaapn b twji h no (JwiaHraM Kpac-

hwx, mxo name Bcero npHBOAHJio k no6efle. Bojibiiiyio ponb cbirpana xaK»e b
BononaeBCKOM cpa*eHHH h o6xoflHaa rpynna, co3/iaHHaa HapofloapMefiuaMH b
HOHb Ha 12 (JjeBpajia, Koxopoii y^anocb b xbiJiy Sejiwx noA*:eHb moct h 3acxaBHTb
TeM caMMM oxcxynnxb 6poHenoe3A "KanneneBeu" ox BononaeBKH, hsm pe3KO
6buia CHiraceHa o6opoHOcnoco6HOCTb Ha ueHxpa^tbHOM HanpaBneHHH...
KoMaHflHp 5 cxpeJiKOBoro nonxa TpHropHH BacHJibeBHq Konapaxbes bo
bxopom B3ATHH BojioMaeBKH yqacTBOBaji yxe b ponH KOMaHflwpa poxbi 3 CTpeJi-
KOBoro nonxa. Bwji paHeH, ho He noKHHyji nona 6oa. 3a MyacecxBO narpajicaeH
60
 3HaMeHn. B nocnextyiouieM BoccraHOBJieH b aojdkhocth ko-
0 p,aeHOM KpacHoro
MaMnpa noma h b CnaccKOfi onepaiwH b aojdkhocth 3aMecTHTeiia KOMaHAyw-
mero Boctohhmm (ppoHTOM B03niaBJiaji npaByio KonoHHy HacTynaioiUHx xpac-
Htix bohck. O ero cyab6e, KaK h Apyrwx BOJio^aeBueB,
mm pacacaaceM b ApyroM
o«iepKe.EcnH o C.C.BocrpeuoBe, KOMaHjoBaBiueM b CnaccKofl onepaiyoi JieBofi
KOJIOHHOM, 3HaCT OOHTH KaJKAblH UIKOJIbHHK-flajTbHeBOCTOHHHK, TO HMH KOHA"
paTbeBa npaKraiecKH 3a6brro.
Eme ao npH6biTHH B.K.Ejiioxepa Ha $poHT no ero npHKa3y 6buiH npon3-
BeAeHH nepecraHOBKH b KOMaHAHOM cocraBe. Oahoh H3 AHpeKTHB co3AaBanacb
cHTyaiiHH, Koraa C.M.CepbiiiieB KaK 6m nepexoAHJi b noAHHHeHHe H.JD(.ToMHHy,
npH6biBiueMy Ha 4>pOHT bo rnaBe 3a6afiKajibCK0H rpynnbi bohck. Ilocjie B03My-
meHHoro npoTHBOfleHCTBHH CepwmeBa Tomhh 6bui Ha3Ha"ieH KOManayiomnM
Hhckoh rpynnoB* 12 aHBapa 1922 roAa BMecro B.A.ITonoBa (6mbuihh otpHuep),
OAHOBpewieHHO ocraBaacb KOMaHawpoM 1 Hhthhckoh ctpcjikoboh 6pHraAM, b
KOMaHflOBaHKe KOTopoii oh BCTynnn BMecro n.H.Ky3bMHHa 22.12.1921 roAa,
nocTaBneHHoro Ha AOJiJKHOCTb 3aMKOM6pnra. flocKOJibKy 3Ta 6pHraaa 6bma oc-
hobhoh nacTbK) 3a6aiiKajibCKOH rpynnbi, to Ha KaKOH-TO nepHOA Tomhh Bee
paBHO KaK 6bi cocpeaoTOHHn b cbohx pyKax KOMaHAOBaHHe 4>pohtom.
B.A.nonoB B03BpaTHJica k KOMaHAOBaHHio cbohm Oco6biM AMypcKHM nonKOM,
npHH«B ero y H.fl.IIIaMOHHHa, KOTOpbift KOMaHAOBaji nariKOM nocne paneHna 4
aHBapa H.M.HeBOJiHHa. C IHaMOHHHbiM rionoB apysKHn eme co BpeMeHH coBMe-
cthoh yne6bi b Th<pjihcckoh uiKOJie npanopmHKOB, b Koropyio ohh 6mjih 3aiHC-
jieHbi 5 AeKa6pa 1914 roaa. rioTOMCTBeHHbiH abophhhh BjiaAHMHp AHaTOJibeBHi

rionoB h chh KpecrbaHHHa HBaH JXymrpmsuH LLlaMOHHH b roAbi nepBofi MHpo-

boh bohhw BoeBanH Ha pa3Hbix 4>poHTax, 3amHmaa OTenecTBO. B TpajKAaHCKyio
BOHHy 6bm nepnoA, KorAa o6a cjiyacnjiH b Sejioft apMHH, ho b KOHeiHOM HTore
hx nyra comjiHCb b HapoAHO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH flBP. ITpoAenaB BejiHKHfi
jieAOBbifi noxoA, KOMaHAHp 6aTanbOHa KomaKOBCKOH apMHH H.A-LUaMOHHH b
3a6afiKajibe nepeuieji Ha cTopoHy napTH3aH, rAe cran KOMaHAOBaTb nojiKOM.
H3BecTHbiH coBeTCKHK nncaTejib AneKcaHAp <t>afleeB nwcan o lllaMOHHHe, mto
ero yBa»cajiH napTH3aHbi h HapoAoapMeKubi 3a 3a6oTy o noAHHHeHHbix, 6ec-
CTpaniHe h yMenoe KOMaHAOBaHHe. rionoB >Ke, npoaBH.ii ce6a b 6oax npoTHB koji-

HaKOBueB, 6mji nepe6pomeH b AMypcKyio o6jiacTb k CepbimeBy CM., rAe 20

HKMia 1920 roAa Ha3HaneH KOMaHAHpo m ahbh3hh, KOTopoii npeAcroaJio Becra
HacTyiuieHHe Ha HHTy Ana BbiuiH6aHHa "hhthhckoh npoSKH", TaK oh Ha KaKofi-
to nepHOA 0Ka3ajica KOMaHAyiomHM BocTOHHO-3a6aHKanbCKHM (J)pohtom, koto-
xoTa h Bouien b cocTaB AMypCKoro (jppoHTa, ho HeKOTopoe BpeMa npoAon-
pbiii

xan HocHTb cTapoe Ha3BaHHe. B ahbh3hh B.A.FIonoBa 6bmo 9 nonxoB. B 5

crpejiKOBOH 6pHraAe 13 uojikom KOMaHAOBaji H.fl.llIaMOHHH, 6 cTpenKOBofi
opHrafloft KOMaHAOBajiH.M.HeBonHH. TaKHM o6pa30M, IlonoB xopouio 3Haji
cbohx 6oeBbix TOBapnmeH h Mor Ha hhx noJio>KHTbCH b rao6ofi o6cTaH0BKe, bot

"
B 3tot nepwon HncKasi rpynna boAck (JiaKTHHecKH npeacTaBUHJia co6om AMypcKyio
CTpejiKOByra 6pHrajiy noa KOMaimofi B.A.rionoBa.
TOJibKO H3 9 noJiKOB ero 6biBiueH ahbh3hh 6naro^ap>i pedpopMaM B.K.Ejnoxepa
ocrajica oflHH nojiK, He cjiynafiHo hochbwhh Ha3BaHne "Oco6mh AMypcKHfi
nojiK". Ebin oh oco6hm, TaK KaK IlonoBy y^anocb coxpaHHTb oTAeJibHbifl KaBa-
nepHHCKHfi AHBH3HOH noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM .flHa Be6pHHa, apTHJUiepHHCKyio 6a-
Tapeio, qerape nyneMeTHbie KOMaHAM no 6 nyjieMexoB b Ka>KAOM, b to BpeMa KaK
ocrrajibHbie nojiKH He hmcjih KaBanepHH, apTHJUiepwi H hmcjih no TpH nyjieMeT-

Hbie KOMaHAM.
Hto ace AMHxpHeBH^a ToMHHa, to ero npeicpacHO 3Han
KacaeTca Hhkojkih
B.K.Bjiioxep eme no cobmccth mm 6o»m c 6enbiMH Ha Ypajie h Mor nojiojKHTbca
Ha 6biBiuero opeH6yprcKoro Ka3aKa b jik>6oh SoeBOH oocTaHOBKe. Bo BpeMH ko-
inaHAOBaHHJi AHBH3Hefl Ha 3anaAH0M 4>poHTe npoTHB oojibckhx bohck oh 6mji
HarpawAeH opAeHOM KpacHoro 3HaMeHH. flBycMbicneHHocTb nojioKeHHH
H-A.ToMHHa h C.M.CepbiuieBa 6bma ycTpaHeHa nocne Ha3HaieHHa KOMaHAH-
poM Cboahoh crrpejiKOBOH 6pHraAM, co3AaHHoft Ha 6a3e Hhckoh rpynnbi,
^.3.IToKyca, npH6biBHiero Ha 4>pOHT c EnioxepoM.
TaKHM o6pa30M, k Haqany BojionaeBCKOH onepauHH Ha Boctohhom dppOH-
Te 6bma co6paHa npaKTHiecKH Bca HapoAHO-peBOJnouHOHHaa apMHa /IBP, sa
HCKJHoneHHeM no6epe»cHofl rpynnbi Bopo3AHHa h XiraraHCKOH rpynnbi Eapa-
HOBa, KaacAaa H3 KOTopbix HMejia HHCJieHHOCTb okojio 6aTaJibOHa. IlpeAHa3Ha4e-
hh 3th rpynnbi 6buin aji« 6opb6bi c oneparaBHO-MaHeBpeHHbiM oTpaAOM noji-
KOBHHKa ^MHTpna OHJiMinoBHHa Kapjiosa-HjibKOBa, AeflCTBOBaBiuHM no no6e-
pexbio AMypa h HaHOcaiin™ yAapM no jihhhh >Kejie3H0H AoporH b Tbiny Kpac-
Hbix bohck, h He6ojibUinx oxpflAOB 6enwx, no cyTH 6aHArpynn, npopbiBaBiimxca
Mepe3 rpaHHuy H3 MaHbnacypHH h BHOBb yxoAHBuiHX 3a KapAOH npw ManefiuieH
onacHOCTH, Ha ynacTKe or CTaHHUM MnxaiiJio-CeMeHOBCKOH ao ITaiiiKOBa.
B cocraB Cboahoh crpejiKOBOH 6pHraAbi 5I.3.noKyca, npeAHa3HaqeHHoii
AJiH HaHeceHHH yAapa na ochobhom xejie3HOAopo)KiiOM HanpaBJieHHH no
6enbiM
BOHCKaM, HaxoAfliUHMca Ha craHUHH, b AepeBHe Bojio^aeBKe h Ha conice Hhdhl-
KapaHH, bxoahjih Oco6mh AMypcKHH nojiK (KOMaHAHp B.A.nonoB), 6 crpejiKO-
bwh nojiK (KOMaHAHp A.H.3axapOB), 5 crrpejiKOBMw hojik (KOMaHAHp
B-BTypcKHH), 4 KaBanepHHCKHH riantc (KOMaHAHp A.H.CyHdpy), aprajmepHH-
ckhh ahbh3hoh (12 opyAHft), ABa 6poHenoe3Aa - Ms 8 h M° 9, ABa TaHKa ("CHByn"
h "3opKHfi", HHorAa b jnrrepaType oh npoxoAHT noA Ha3BanHeM "Mop*"); Kpo-
Me Toro, 6pnraAe 6biJi npHAaH 3 cTpejiKOBbiii nojiK H3 1 Hhthhckoh CTpejiKOBoii
6pHraAbi, ho oahh 6aTanbOH 3Toro noma w. ABa opyAHa H3 apTHjuiepnHcKoro
AHBH3HOHa 3a6aHKajibCKOH rpynnbi 6buiH ocraBneHM b pe3epBe dppoHTa. 3>op-
MajibHO noAHHHHJiacb KOMaHAHpy Cboahoh cTpejiKOBoii 6pnraAw h rpynna
OA.nerpoBa-TeTepHHa, b KOTopyio bxoahjih nuacTyHCKHH 6aTaiibOH h napTH-
3aHCKHM OTpan H.n.llleBHyKa o6luhm hhcjiom okojio 375 urrbiKOB h 65 caSenb
npn AByx opyAHax n BoceMHaAuara nyjieMeTax, HaxoAamaaca Ha pene TyHrycKe
He 6m-
b AepeBHe HoBOKypoBKe, ho b xoAe nocjieAyiomHx AencxBHii cbsbh c Heft
jio, h OHa AeiiCTBOBajia caMOCToaTejibHo.

62
 B cocraB 3a6aHKanbCKOH rpynnti H.^.ToMHHa, KOTopoii npeflcroajio Ha-
hochtb ynap b^ojii. no6epe>Kbfl Arnypa c nocjienyioinHM BbiflBHaceHweM Ha Ka3a-
KeBHieBo, bxoahjih 1 ^HTHHCKaa cTpejiKOBaa 6pnraaa b cocraBe 1 crpejiKOBoro
nojiKa (KOMaHflHp KorejibHHKOB), 2 CTpenKOBoro noJiKa (KOMaHflHp HayMOB),
TpoMUKOcaBCKHH KaBajiepHHCKHH nonK (KOMaaanp BacwibeB), OTnejibHbiH Hu-
TKHCKHH KaBajiepHHCKHH AHBH3HOH, apTHJIJiepHHCKHH JJHBH3HOH (6e3 flByX Opy-
hhh, ocTaBJieHHbix b pe3epBe cJjpoHTa).
Run npHKpbiTHa »ceJie3Hoaopoa<Horo HanpaBJieHHa b rany 3a Whom
KpacHbie HMejiH 6poHenoe3.11 N° 2.

IlepeA CBOflHofi crpejiKOBOH 6pHra/iOH 5I.3.noKyca, HenocpencTBeHHO b

paHOHe BononaeBKH h conKH MioHb-KapaHH, Senwe hmcjih aocTaTOHHO xopomo
noflroTOBJieHHbiH yKpenjieHHbiii pafioH c ot oaHoroao Tpex panOB np0B0Ji04Hbix
3arpa»AeHHH, chctcmoh nyjieivieTHbix rHe3fl h OKonoB, Bbipbrmx b CHery h 06-
jicoKeHHbix MeuiKaMH c 3eMJieii, o6BanoBaHHbix CHeroM h Koe-r/ie o6jihtmx bo-
flofi, MTo6bi CHer He ynocnjio BerpOM.
yKpenjieHHbifi paftoH 3aHHMajia rpynna nojucoBHHKa AdpHHoreHa FaBpH-
jiOBHHa ApryHosa, KOTopbifl bo Bpetvia IlepBOH MHpoBofi bohhm nojryHHJi Bee
6oeBbie Harpaabi no BjianHMHpa c MenaMH h reoprneBCKoe opy>KHe. Oh HMen
Bbicmee BoeHHoe o6pa30BaHHe, okohhhji AKaaeMHio TeHepajibHoro IllraSa b
1917 roay. Bo BpeMa TpaacflaHCKOH bohhm 6bm HaqajibHHKOM urraSa ahbh3hh, b
1920 roay b 3a6aflKajibe npHHsm ot reHepajia CMOJiMHa OMCKyio ammnKi, nocne
nepeSpocKH KannejieBueB H3 3a6aHKaJiba b FIpHMopbe CTaji KOMaHflnpoM crpeji-
koboh 6pHraflM. rioxoa 6ejionoBCTaHqeB Ha XaSapoBCK njin Hero okohhhjics b
uenoM 6jiaron0JiyHH0, h b 1924 rosy oh craHeT npenonaBaTeneM reorpac{>HH h
hctophh b 1-m peajibHOM ynHJinme b Xap6HHe. YQht oh 6yneT 4 OKTaopa 1932
ro.ua BbFCTpenoM b ronoBy H3 peBOJibBepa ero Bmbiuhm aabioTaHTOM KanHTaHOM
H A.MapTHHOBbiM. Flo HeKOTopbiM CBeaeHHJiM, ySnT 6bui no npHKa3y shiohckoh
pa3BenKH H3-3a Toro, hto npeKparnji c nefi corpyaHHHaTb.
A noKa 6wji (])eBpajib 1922 rom h iio/i ero KOMaHflOBaHHeM b pawoHe Bo-
jiOHaeBKH HaxoaHJiHCb: ^oSpoBOJibHecKHii hojik (KOMaHflHp iiojikobhhk Eaxre-
peB), hojik (bmccto n-Ka MenbHHKOBa ero noMomHHK nojiKOBHHK Mo-
Omckhh
xob), Botdkckhh nexoTHbiK hojik (iiojikobhhk Bojhoujkhh), 8 KaMCKHii nonK
(nojiKOBHHK TypKOB, BiweCTO Bbi6biBUiero H3 crpoa CoraHKOBa), 4 YcpHMCKHH
nexoTHbiii nonK (itojikobhhk CnnaM0Hwn.3e), 1 Y^hmckhh KaBnojiK (non-
nojiKOBHHK Bepe3HH), 1 ErepcKHH nonK (nojiKOBHHK 3yjiTaH), 2 YpajibCKHH

(nojiKOBHHK TaMnep)" ,
KoHHo-erepcKHH nonK (iiojikobhhk CxenaHOB), /Io6po-
BOJibnecKaa 6aTapea (noanojiKOBHHK TaiiKOBHH), 3 opyflHa, Bon)KCKaa Sarapesi
(KOMaHflHp - ?), 3 opynwa. 06maa HHcneHHOCTb cocraBJiana 2070 ujthkob, 605
ca6enb, 26 nyneMeTOB, 6 opyjiHH. nocne yxoaa c BononaeBKH b HOHb Ha 12 4>eB-
pana IloBOJDKCKOH 6pnraflbi noMOtuH BoficKaM Ha no6epe>Kbe AMypa Ha Bo-
hjia
JionaeBKe ocrajiocb okojio 170 uiTbiKOB h 405 ca6ejib (6e3 yieTa noTepb 3a 10 h
1

H dpeBpajia), 4 opynna, 17 nyneMeTOB h asa 6poHenoe3fla: "KannejieBe^' c ABy-

'
JXo XaSapOBCKoro noxoaa CHanajia KOMaHflOBan nojiKOBHHK YpHSUK, iiotom npM6biji TaM-
nep.
63
 r
Ma opyflHHMH k fleBaxbfo nyneMeraMH h BojiJKaHHH" hoa KOMaHAOBaHHeM no-
"

pyHHKa BopoHUOBa c AByMH opyflHHMH h HeBbiacHeHHbiM KOJiHHecTBOM nyjieMe-

TOB
TaKHM o6pa30M, Ha ochobhom HanpaBJieHHH k 12 4>eBpajia cooxHomeHHe

bohck KpaCHbix h Shjio cjieayiomHM: no nexoxe 4,2:1, no nyjieMeTaM 7,6: 1,

6eJibix

no opyflHSM apirauiepnn 3,5:1, no 6poHenoe3flaM 1:1. Y Kpacntix 2 xaHKa, y 6e-

jibix TaHKOB He 6bmo.

Ha AMypcKOM HanpaBJieHHH nepeA 3a6aHKanbCKOH rpynnoH H.fl. ToMHHa

h b
b HH>KHecnaccKOM HaxoAHJica 2 njiacxyHCKHii hojik (iiojikobhhk Cajia3KHH)
njiacxyHCKHii hojik (hojikobhhk KpHTepoB), o6i>eAHHeHHbie
BepxHecnaccKOM 1
noa ko MaHflOBaHHeM reHepana HnKHTHHa, o6meft HHCJieHHOCTbio 350 urrbiKOB,
15 ca6ejib, 6 nyneMeTOB h 2 opyAHfl.
rpynnw jjeHCTBOBaji onepaxHBHO-MaHeBpeHHMH
B TbiJiy 3a6aHKajibCKOfl
AviypcKoro KaBanepHH-
oxpaA nojiKOBHHKa fl.O.KapjiOBa-HnbKOBa b cocraBe
noma, YccypHHCKoro Kasaibero
CKoro AHBH3H0Ha, 3a6aH K ajibCKoro Kasa^bero
HHCJieHHOCTbio OKOJIO 200 IHTblKOB, 400
flHBH3H0Ha (nOJIKOBHHK Benbix) o6meft
AeficxBHa oxpaaa nojiKOBHHKa KapjiOBa-
ca6ejib, 8 nyjieMeroB, 1 opy/we.
HjibKOBa xotji h cKOBbiBana noGepercnaa rpynna
EoposAHHa, ho stot oxp*A
nacx»M H.A.ToMHHa b HanpaBjreHHH Ha JlyroBoe, 3a6e-
Mor HaHecTH yaap b xmji
jiOBCKoe, BepxHecnaccKoe. CooraouieHHe chji
h cpeACXB KpacHbix h 6ejibix Ha
Hobojijkckoh
AMypcKOM HanpaBJieHHH c ynexoM oxpaAa KapjiOBa-HJibKOBa h
HOib Ha
6 P HraAbi, 6pouieHHOH Ha noMOWb k HHawecnaccKOMy
b 12 (fceBpajia,
KaBaJiepnn no nyjieMeTaM 3:1, no
6hjio cneayiomHM: no nixbiKaM 1,6:1, no 2,4:1,

apTHJinepHHCKHM opyflH5iM 2,8:1.

ixo
npH onpeaejieHHH cooTHOineHHfl chji h cpeACXB mhoio 6brjio npnHaxo,
KpacHbix noTepn h HeicoMnJieKT uithkob 6bijih okojio 50%, a CBefleHHH o
b lac-rax
6ejibix B3flTbi H3 pasBeabiBaTejibHOH cboakh
HapOAoapMenueB Ha 10 cj)eBpana.
iHCJieHHOcxb nHHHoro cocxasa KpacHbix bohck 6buia Btmie, ieM
Pa3yMeexca,
ocxoACTBO 6onee 3HaiHxejibHMM.
npnHaxo Ana pacnexos, h, cneAOBaxejibHo, npe B
HanpaBJieHHH npoTHB rpynnw neTpoBa-TeTepHHa b Ae-
Ha TynryccKOM
HaxoAHJica Ch6h ckhh Kasa^HH hojik (hojikobhhk Ea-
peBHe ApxaHrejioBCKOM P
UlHpaesa. 06maa mhcjkh-
6hkob), b AepeBHe AaHHJiOBKe rpynna nojiKOBHHKa
-

h 150 ca6ejib, 6 nyjieMexoB, 1 opyAHe

Coot-
HOCTb 6biJia OKono 460 uixhkob
.

cocxaBHJio: 1:1,5 no nexoTe, 1:2,5 no KaBajiepHH, 1,3:1

no
HomeHHe chji h cpeACTB
nyjieMexaM h 2:1 no apxHjmepHHCKHM opyAHaM.
npeBocxoACTBO 6enbix b jkhboh
npeAonpeAenHJio, hto 10 ^eBpana KpacHbie xoxa h bw6hjih
CHJie BepoaTHo, h
BHHjraweHH OTCTynntb
6ejionoBcraHueB hs ApxaHrejioBKH, no 11 *eB P ajia 6biJiH

b cpaaceHHH yace He ynacxBOBanH.

ox IlaHHJioBKH h 12 (JieBpajia
rjiy6oKO sukjiohh-
nocKOJibKy reHepaji-Maflop B.M.MojmaHOB nocxpoHJi
cocxaBe HaceBCKoro
poBaHHyw o6opoHy, xo HxceBCKO-BoxKHHCKaa 6pHraAa b
(nojiKOBHHK 4>oh Bax), Boxkhh-
nojiKa (hojikobhhk 3yeB), Boxkhhckoto nonKa
h Boxkhhckoh 6axapeH
CKoro KaBAHBHSHona (noAnoJiKOBHHK APoShhhh)

6eJiux Ha TynryccKOM Hanpa^eHHH, no CBweHHSM

O&beflHHeHKWMH CHJiawn
H.3.noKyca, KOMawsoBan renepan Bhiuhcbckhm.
64
 .

(nopyHHK 3Khjihh) o6mefl HHcueHHOCTbio okojio 840 uithkob, 220 ca6ejib, 24 ny-
jieMera h 2 opyAHH 6braa pacnojioweHa b HHKOJiaeBKe h rioKpoBKe, npHKpbreaa
Xa6apoBCK c TyHryccKoro HanpaBJieHHH. TaKHM o6pajOM, 3Ta 6pnraaa Kaic 6h
oKa3ajiaci> BHe pafloHa HaHecemifl yaapa HapoAHO-peBOJHOUHOHHoa apMHH, h no
onepaxHBHHM aoKyMeHTaM HPA ee ynacTHe b 6oax He npocnewHBaeTca.
B ueHTpe oSopoHbi, b .HewHeBKe, HaxoAtmca uiTa6 6ejionoBcraHueB h TaM
we CBo/jHo-floSpoBOJihHecKHH nojiK (iiojikobhhk MepKec)* . HecKOJitKO mcjikhx
noflpa3flaneHHH HHCJieHHOCTbio okojio 260 hitlikob HaxoAHJiHCb b ropoae Xa6a-
pOBCKe h HpKyTCKHH nexoTHbiH nojiK (iiojikobhhk 3hjiob) b CTamme Ka3aKeBH-
neBO. BpoHenoe3fl "Amhtphh ^ohckoh" Haxoflmicn b pafioHe Ookpobkh, npH-
KpwBaa wene3Hyio Aopory, nponoweHHyio no JibAy b paftOHe B30pBaHHoro erne b
1920 roay wene3HOAopowHoro MOCTa.
npHBefleHHbie MHOIO AaHHbie B3HTH H3 nOflJIHHHblX AOKyMeHTOB pa3HHX
apxHBOB h npewae He ny6jiHKOBajiHCb b nojiHOM oSteMe h c cooTBeTCTByiomHM
aHajiH30M. 3to npeAonpeflejiano, hto uwcppoBbie AaHHbie no cocraBy 6ejionoB-
CTaHueB b 3HUHKJioneAHax o rpawaaHCKOH bohhc, pa6oxax A3. rioKyca, Meiviya-
pax 6HBIUHX BOJionaeBueB (npn aHajiH3e kotophx Jierico BbiacHaeTca, hto ohh He
nojib308ajiHCb AOKyMeHTaMH) xaK npaBHJio, noKa3biBajincb npaKranecKH paB-
,

hhmh CHJiaM HapoAHo-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH Ha (ppoHxe hjih we npeBOCXOAfl-

iuhmh hx. Ilpw noAcneTe uithkob h caSejib, nyjieMeroB h opyAHH npHHHMajincb
bo BHHMaHHe Aawe HaxoflaiUHeca b FlpHMopbe, b pafioHe HHKonbCKa-
yccypHHCKoro (coBpewieHHbiH YccypH&cK), HMaHa (coBpeMeHHbifi rjanbHepe-
neHCK), KOTopue hhk&k Henb3s Sbino 6bicrpo nepe6pocHTb k BononaeBKe, hto6h
xoTb b KaKOH-To iwepe noBJiHHTb Ha xoa cpaweHHs.
CooTHOUieHHe chji h cpeACTB b 3aKJHOHHTejibHbix 6oax npH b3hthh Bojio-
naeBKH, npHBeAeHHoe b 3HUHKJioneAHH 'TpawAaHCKaa Bowna h BoeHHaa Hnrep-
BeHUHH b CCCP", TaKOBo: HPA HMena Ha Boctohhom 4>poHTe 7600 uithkob h
ca6ejib,300 nyjieMeTOB, 30 opyAHH, 2 TaHKa, 3 6pOHenoe3Aa. Y 6ejibix yKa3aHO
okojio 7500 iuTbiKOB h caSejib, 95 nyjieMeTOB, 11 opyAHH, 3 6poHenoe3Aa*"
B KpaTKofi HCTopHH 2-fi IlpHaMypcKOH AHBH3HH, H3flaHHoii b 1923 rojjy,
CKa3aHO, hto B Hacrax BocTOHHoro (JipoHTa 6buio 4335 uithkob, 1323 ca6jm, 170
nyjieMeTOB, 14 opyAHH, 2 6pOHenoe3Aa, a b nacTax 6ejioH apMHH reHepajia Moji-
naHOBa 5340 uithkob, 2230 ca6ejib, 101 nyneMeT, 19 opyAHfi, 3 6poHenoe3jia. O
tom, hto HHCJieHHOCTb 6eitonoBCTaHueB 3aBbiuieHa, CBHAeTenbCTByeT to, hto aB-
Top "HCTOpHHecKoro onepKa" Ha3biBaeT TaTapCKyio ahbh3hio b 1300 uithkob,
ToSojibCKHH nojiK b 130 uiTbiKOB. YiHTHBaa, hto TaTapCKOfi AHBH3HH h To-
6ojibCKoro nojina He cymecTBOBaiio, mowho H3 o6mero KonHHecrBa BbinecTb
1430 uithkob. 3ro cpa3y yMeHbuiaeT o6mee hhcjio ao 3910 uithkob.

*
fl.3.I"loKyc b cBoeii pa6oTe o BOJionaescKHx max yKa3biBaeT, <rro Cbohho-
flo6poBOJiLHecKHii hojik HepKeca 6uji b paflone ApxanrejiOBKH h ZlaHH/ioBKH.
" PeajibHo y 6ejibix 6buio okojio 4900 uit., 1275 ca6ejib, 71 nyjieMer, 12 opywii, 3 6pone-
noesjja, ko Bee 3to pa3MeuieHO Ha orpoMHbix npocxpaHCTBax b Bime onopHbix nyHKTOB,
He cbh-
saKHbix Mexny co6oio.
 Crojib noflpo6Hoe paccMOTpeHHe pacnojio^KeHHa bohck b xoAe BojionaeB-
ckoh onepauHH h coOTHouieHHa chji h cpeflCTB caejiaHO mhoio BnepBwe, hto6m
6onee Herao BbipHCOBbiBanacb KapTMHa co6hthh Tex flHeft.
HanpaweHHeM cmji flajibHe-BocTOHHoii Pecny6jiHKH yaanocb C03AaTb Ha
cppoHTe nepeBec b cnnax h cpeACTBax BectMa 3HaHHTenbHMH. Flo HenHCaHbiM 3a-
KOHaM bohhm HacTynaEomHH Bceraa crpeMHTca HMCTb rpoeKpaTHoe npeBoexoA-
ctbo nan, oSopoHfliomHMca, hto6h He coMHeBaTbca b ycnexe, ho TaKoe, kak bh-
AHM, HOJiyHHJIOCb TOJIbKO Ha OCHOBHOM HanpaBJieHHH, H KOMIieHCHpOBaTb npii-
mjiocb MyacecxBOM h caMonotcepTBOBaHHeM HapoaoapMeHueB.
10 h 11 djeBpajia Ha ueHTpajibHOM HanpaBJieHHH 6ejibiM 6e3 oco6oro Tpyaa
yAanocb OT6nTb Bee aTaKH HapoAoapiweHueB. Ha AMypCKOM HanpaBJieHHH Kpac-
Hbie OBJiaaejiH BepxHe- h HnacHecnaccKHM.
Ytpom 12 nocjie o6cn-pejia iio3HHhh 6ejibix apTHJUiepneH h 6po-
c|3eBpajifl

Henoe3flaMH na ueHTpajibHOM HanpaBJieHHH CBOAHas crpejiKOBaa 6pnraAa ne-

peinjia b HacrynjieHHe h nocne TpexnacoBoro 6oa b 1 1 nacoB 32 MHHyTbi sanana
CTaHUHK) h aepeBHio BojionaeBKy. Bonbuiyio ponb cbirpa/ia o6xoAHaa KOJiOHHa
B.ATioJiburo^a b cocraBe oahoto 6aTaJibOHa, oraejibHoro KaBajiepHfici o sc-
Be6pHH) h AByx HaHocHBiuaa yaap c rori, twti
KaapoHa (KOMaHAHp Sin opyflnfl,

BojionaeBKH. OTfiHTbie ot HnsKHecnaccKoro paHHHM yTpoM 4 Y^hmckhh

•

Bojdkckhh nonKH, npecjicayeMbie TpoHUKOcaBCKHM kohhmm nojiKOM, Hano

•

jiHCb Ha 3Ty o6xoflHyro KOJiOHHy h nonajiH noA jkcctokhh nyjieMeiHUH h

apraji-

JiepHHCKHH oroHb.
BbiBuiHH HapofloapMeeu H3 TpoHUKOcaBcicoro nojiKa K.n.najibiuiHH b
cbohx BOcnoMHHaHHHX nncan: "nomc 6wn oneBHAueM oTcrynjieHHH 6ejibix H3
BojionaeBKH. IIojik b sto BpeMa HaxoAHJica MeTpax b 600 ot >Kejie3HOH Aopora.
Mbi BHAeJiH, KaK oxxoflHJiH 6poHenoe3Aa, a no Apyroii cropoHe nojioTHa »ene3-
hoh Aoporn uijih 6ejibix... 6pOHenoe3A npn orxoAe 6hji no HameMy noJiKy
nojiKH
ujpanHejibio. Ehjihpanenwe HapOAoapMeiiubi..."
3to npaBAHBoe onncaHHe OTXOAa 6enbix c H03HHHH Ha Bojio^iaeBKe cbhac-
TejibCTByer He o naHHHeCKOM 6ercrrBe. BpoHenoe3fly 6ejibix yaajiocb noTyuiHTb
moct, 3a»c>KeHHbiH rpynnoH Tiojibm o^a, ho noa^Kor 3acTaBHJi otohth ot cran-
UHH h AepeBHH, KpOMe Toro, y BToporo 6ponenoe3Aa 6ejionoBCTaHueB 6buio no-
BpewAeHo opyAHe, hto TaK5Ke 3acTaBHJio oTCTynaTb h BTopoii 6poHenoe3A- Tan
nexorabie nacTH rpynnbi nonKOBHHKa AT.ApryHOBa 0Ka3ajiHCb 6e3 omyTHMOii
noAAepacKH. IloJiyHHB npHKa3 Ha otxoa, ohh KOJiOHHaMH yuuiH c BojKwaeBKH.
B onepaTHBHbix AOKyMeHTax Toro nepHOAa ecTb cBeAeHHa o Tpoc£>e»x h
njieHHbix, 3axBaHeHHbix b HHKHecnaccKOM h h3 HHcna rioBOJiaccKOH 6pnraAbi,
nbiTaBLueKcfl noMOHb rpynne reHepana HHKHTHHa, ho hbt hh eAHHoro ynoMHHa-
hhh o Tpod;eax h nneHHbix, b33tmx 12 (jpespajiJi okojio BoJionaeBKH h Ha conKe
MioHb-KapaHH. iO.noicyc nncaji, hto oKecTOieHHe 6wjio CTOJib BejiHKO, hto
HJieHHbrx He 6pana hh Ta, hh Apyraa CTOpoHa. C hhm Bp«A jih cneAyeT corjia-
CHTbca, TaK KaK onepaTHBHbie cboakh o achctbhh 3a6aHKajibCKOH rpynnbi aBHO
npoTHBopenaT 3aaBneHHio IloKyca, npoTHBopenaT ero 3aaBJieHHio h BocnoMHHa-
HHa MeAHUHHCKHX pa6oTHHKOB, KOTopwe npHHHMajiH paHeHbix 6ejibix.
66
 Beiibie OTCTyriHUH no onbrmoro nojia b inecrn KHJiOMerpax k BOCTOKy ot
BoHOMaeBKH. YTOMneHHtre KpacHbie npeicpaTHJiH npecjre«0BaHne. 13 cpeBpana
geJine noTparajiH Ha otxoa k Ka3aKeBH>ieBO- nepe3 AMyp h bmxoa nacreA h tm-
jiob H3 Xa6aposcKa no acejie3Hofi Aopore. Okojio 15 nacoB 30 MHHyT 14 <|>eBpajia
oflHH 6aTajn>oH 5 crpejiKOBoro nojiKa B.B.rypcKoro Bouieji b Xa6apoBCK 6e3 bbi-
CTpejia.K Benepy 3a6aHKajibCKaa rpynna OBJiaaejia nocne ynopHoro 6oa CTaHH-
ueiiKa3aKeBHHeBOH. Bojio^aeBCKaa onepaujna 6bma 3aBepmeHa.
TojibKO nepe3 ABe HeAeJiH B.K.BjiEOxep OTAan npHKa3 o 3axopoHeHHH no-
thSiuhx b xoae 6oeB. K 3T0My BpeMeHH KpecrbSHe OKpecrHbix AepeBeHb ywe no-
XOpOHHJIH AOBOJIbHO 60JTbUI0e KOJIHHeCTBO K3K 6eJlbIX, TaK H KpaCHblX B o6mnx
MorHJiax. HcropHK H.A.ABAeeBa, bourne roflbi 3aHHMaBuiaaca HccneAOBaHHaMH
BononaeBCKOM onepaunH, no AOKyMeHTaM Moraa ycTaHOBHTb, hto b BojionaeBice
b o6mefi MorHjre norpe6eHO 167 HapoAoapMefiueB, b AByx c nojioBHHofi khjio-
Merpax ot craHuHH Sejibie 3axopoHHJiH 1 8 HapoaoapMefiueB, b HHe Ha KJiaa6Hme
3axopoHeHO 68 - 6e3 pa3JiH<iHa no apMHHM, b pafioHe OjibroxTM Toa<e 68, H3 hhx
TOitbKO ABa HapoaoapMefiua, a ocranbHbie H3 ocjwaepCKOH poTH. Ha BTopoii no-
nyKa3apMe 3axopoHeHO 49 lenoBeK. B BepxHecnaccKOM 3axopoHeHo 30 HapoAO-
apMeiiueB. Ecrb oSuwe Morajibi b HH>KHecnaccKOM h b 3a6ejioBCKoft.
PyccKHe JiioflH uerjiH b pyccicyio 3eMJiio 6e3 pa3JiH4na Ha UBera.
K nepBOH rOAOBiuiiHe no6eAbi Ha BononaeBKe, b cootbctctbhh c AaBHHM
npHKa30M B.K.EJiioxepa, KOToptiH 6biJi b Hione 1922 ro^a y6paH c ^aabHero
BocTOKa, Ha conKe HioHb-KapaHH B03ABHmn npocTeHbKHH naMaTHHK c chmbo-
naMH iuTbiKa, ca6jiH h CHapaaoB. riojio>KeHa MeiwopHajibHaa aocKa. B nocjie-
AyiomeM 6hjio npHHaro peuieHHe o nocrpOHKe KanHTanbHoro naMaTHHKa. Pa6o-
Ty no B03BeaeHHK> 3aaHna-My3ea B03rjiaBiuiH apXHTCKTOp ApxapOB m HH>KeHep-
CTpoHTenb HefiMaH.
CKynbnTypa, KOTopyro yCTaHOBHJiH Ha 3AaHHH, 6bma C03AaHa Smbluhm
njieHHbiM BeHrpoM AneKceeM AjieKceeBHneM EoAOHbw c y l iam.HMHca neflrexHH-
Kyiwa. B apxHBe ^ajibHeBOCTOHHoii acene3HOH Aopora MHe yaanocb pa3bicKarb
JiHHHoe xiejio BoflOHbH-HaHAop AneKcea AjieKceeBH^a, cocTaBJieHHoe npn no-
cTynneHHH ero -b 3aBHTHHCKyjo >Kejie3HOaopo>KHyio uiKOny npenoaaBaTeueM pn-
coBaHHa h jienKH. H3 Hero mh y3HaeM, hto BoflOHbH poamica 18 MapTa 1892 ro-
fla, b 1912 rosy okohhhji Bbicmee npoMbmiJieHHo-xyAoacecTBeHHoe yHHJinme b

EyaaneuiTe, CKyjibnTop. BjiaaeeT BeHrepcKHM, HeiueuKHM, 4)paHuy3CKHM h pyc-

ckhm a3WKaMH. 5KeHHJica b Pocchh 18 Hoa6pa 1923 roAa. )KeHy 3BajiH EKaTepn.-
Ha riaBJTOBHa, k coafajienHio, He yKa3aHa aeBHHba (paMHUHa. 15 ceHTa6pa 1924
rofla y hhx po^Hnacb aonb PHTa. >Khji oh b 3aBHTofi no yn. napTH3aHCKofi, aom
20. B 3anojiHeHHOH hm aHKeTe otmcthjt, hto b 1918 roay 6hji b napTH3ancKOM

OTpaae KonyM6apa. Ha3BaHne nonKa, b kotopom cnyxHJi b 1920 roay, npOHH-

TaTb He yaajiocb H3-3a HeneTHOro HanHcaHHa. npH npHeMe Ha cjiy?K6y BpanOM
6bin oTMeneH TejiecHbift HeaocTaTOK - cjieabi oraecTpejibHoro paHeHHa ro^eHH.
rio coKpameHHio uiTaTOB ynHTejieH 22 aHBapa 1925 toah oh 6un yBOJieH c bm-
AaneH noco6Ha. 3to ysoJibHeHHe npeAonpeAejiHJio nepeceneHHe b Xa6aposcK.

1*
67
 ripHBeaeHHaa mhok> KOpOTeHbKaa cnpaBKa o hctohh BeMrpa, CBa3aBiuero
cbok) cyflb6y c PoccneK, BepoaTHO, noMoaceT OTbicKaTb KaKHx-JiH6o ero poacr-
BeHHHKOB B PoCCHH KTLH BeHrpHH, HTO 6bIJIO 6bl OHeHb HHTepeCHO JU1X KpaeBeflOB
H HCTOpHKOB.
Ho moh paccKa3 6bin 6u HenojiOH o "BoJionaeBice 6e3 jiereHa", ccjih He
CKa3aTb HeocojibKO cjiob o cyab6ax rex, kto uien Ha BojionaeEKy c kphkom
"flaeuib!". KoMaHawp Cboahoh cxpejiKOBOH 6pnraabi ^.3.rioKyc penpeccupo-
BaH, yMep b narepe. KoMaHawp 6 CTpejiKOBoro nojiKa AjieiccaHap HHKOJiaeBHH
3axapoB (noJiK b nocneayiomeM 6hji HarpaasaeH opaeHOM KpacHoro 3HawieHH h
noaie HecKOJibKHx nepec{)opMnpOBaHHH nojiyHHJi Ha3BaHHe 4 KpacH03HaMeHHHfi)
penpeccnpoBaH, yMep 4 (JieBpajifl 1937 roaa. KoMaHAHp Oco6oro AMypcKoro
nojiKa BnaflHMHp AnaTOJibeBHH FIonoB penpeccHpoeaH, yMep b 3aKJiiOHeHHH.
HeBonHH HHKoaaft MnxaiuioBHi, KOMaHaOBaBuiHii Oco6mm AMypcKHM hojikom
b nepnoa hhckhx 6oeB, Koraa B.A.rionoB KOMaHaoBaji Hkckoh rpynnoft, pe-
npeccnpoBaH, norn6 b 1938 roay. KoMaHAHp 6 nojiKa HHKonaw riaBnoBHH
HnjibcoH-rHpcT, nonaBiuHH b naeH k 6enwM, ho coxpaHHBUiHH BepHocTb floury,
penpeccnpoBaH b 1937 rosy, noraS b 1938 roay. 3tot cnHcox a Mory npoaoji-
acaxt h aaabuie, ho ctoht hh? O penpeccHpoBaHHH B.K.Eaioxepa 3HaeT KaxcawH
uiKonbHHK... Cnycra roati ohh 6yayT pea6nnnTHpoBaHbi...
BnponeM, o cya&6ax 3thx nwaeH a nocrapaiocb paccKa3aTb b apyroM
onepKe.
Ho 6mji 6m oh HenonoH h 6e3 cjieayiowero 3aMenaHHs. Ha nporaxceHHH
MHorax jieT Ha cxpaHHuax ra3eT c onepicaMH A.A.Bojioihhh,
BbicxynanH
A.JI.Ahohkhh, H.C.Xbocthkob, H.H.CeMHKopoBKHH, K.A. npojiecKOBCKHH,
H.H.naHHHa-CoicpaT, ho hh pa3y hhkto H3 hhx He yK33aji BpeMa h Mecro, rae oh
6bin bo BpeMa BojioHaeBCKoii onepauHH, xota paccy>ixaeHHa o 6oesbix aeficTBHax
BejiM Ha ypOBHe KOMaHayiomero (jipoHTOM. XapaKTepeH oaHH H3 mohx jihhhmx
pa3roBopoB c KA.IlpoirecKOBCKHM. H3yMHB mhojkcctbo onepaTHBHbix h pasBe-
AbiBaTejibHbix HOKyMeHTOB 3a Hanajio 1922 roaa, b KOTopbix sceraa yKa3biBajiaCb
TeMnepaTypa B03«yxa b paftoHe 6oeBbix aeHCTBHH, a cocTaBHJi Ta6jiHiry TeMnepa-
Typ, oKa3anocb, hto 10-12 (JjeBpajia 6bmo 5-18 rpaaycoB no imcajre PeoMiopa hjih
ace 4-13 no LJeabcnio. 3to 5Ke noATBepxcaajiH h BOcnoMHHaHHH oaHoro H3 bojio-
naeBueB, kotopmh nHcan, hto cner naaaji 3Be3aoHKaMH h Taaa Ha pyicax. Pa3y-
MeeTca, npn TaKofi TeMnepaType, Jiea<a b CHery, o6Mopo3HTbca h 3aMep3Hyrb co-
BceM BnonHe bo3mokho. Ho MeHa HHTepecoBaji otbct npoJiecKOBCKoro na bo-
npoc: Kaxaa 6bma TeMnepaxypa b Te ahh? Ha Hero oh, He 3aayMbiBaacb, 6bicrpo
OTBeTnn: "CopoK rpaaycoB!" ft CKa3aa eMy, hto sto HenpaBaa, b ripnaMypbe
cHer naaaeT npn orrenejiax, h Ha3Baa eMy TeMnepaTypy Ha 1 1 <J>eBpajia b 7°C. Ha
hto oh BoCKJiHKHyji; "Ho Beflb Ejiroxep *e nncaji - copOK!.." MHe crano acHO,
mto He cnynaHHo b ero onepicax neT hh eflHHofl aeTanH, xapaKTepmyiomefi Bo-
aoHaeBCKyio onepauHio raa3aMH o^eBHAHeB.
H.C.Xbocthkob nomea enje aaabtue. Oh cSporaropOBaa koiihh awpeKTHB h
xejierpaMM, Bbipe30K H3 ra3er, bkjichji HecKonbKo 4><>Torpac|)HH, npeacTaBaaio-
ihhx H3 ce6a (J)0T0MOHTa)KH. OaHa H3 hhx B3aTa hm h3 MaTepwajioB o BejiHKofl
68
QreHecrBeHHOH BoiiHe, Ha KOTopoii H3o6paaceHw napTH3aHH b 3acHe>KCHHOM
xbohhom necy noa Mockboh. noanncb ace caejian TaKyro: "IIoa BojionaeBKofl,
KoMaHAHP OTaeJitHOM AMypcKOH canepHoft poTH Xbocthkob H.C. BeaeT poxy
jyin pa3pyuieHH5i yKpeiuieHHoro Bpa;KecKoro nyHKTa. 12/11-22 r. (BnepeaH ko-
MaHflHp Xbocthkob.)" Hy, to, hto 4>OTorpa<j)OB b 6oax noa BoaonaeBKOH He 6m-
jio, mm xopouio 3HaeM, KaK 3HaeM h to, hto b paa«yce 50 KHJiOMexpoB ot Bojio-

xiaeBKH HeT xbohhmx JiecoB.

Ha btopoh <{)OTorpa({)HH rpynna m na™ HejioseK co

BceMH npH3HaxaMH
({joTOMOHTaaca h noariHCbio: "KoMaHanp h mhhho-
oTaejibHoro canepHoro
B3pHBHoro 6aTajibOHa (cnpasa) Xbocthkob H.C. Bochhmh KOMwccap 6aT-Ha
(cneBa) J^HKapeB M.H. B cepeaHHe cjieBa HanpaBO". KOMaHanp pOTH TbiJibra

IleTp ilKOBJieBHH, 2-n Ka3aKOB ^mhtphh BacnjibeBHH, 3-fi KwcejieB AjieKcaHap

AHflpeeBHH nepea uiTypMOM BojionaeBKH 6 (j>eBpajia 1922 roaa, ct.Hh, Boctoh-
hmh 4>poHT XaSapOBCKoro Kpaa". 3aecb Xbocthkob He 3aMenaeT, hto h3
"KOMaHflHpa OTaejibHoii AiuypCKOH canepHOM poibi" Ha 12 cf>eBpajia oh npeBpa-
maeTca b KOMaHanpa "AMypcKoro oxaenbHoro canepHoro h MHHHO-B3ptiBHoro
SaTanbOHa", ho... 6 (JjeBpana 1922 roaa.
Bpaa jih cneayex npeanojiaraTb, hto H.C.Xbocthkob aenan Bee 3T0 He b
3apaBOM yMe!..
Pa36npaa b rocyaapCTBeHHOM apxHBe Xa6apoBCKoro Kpaa MaTepnanbi
AKHMa ABepbaHOBHHa BojiouiHHa, a aiynaHHO HaTOJiKHyjica Ha nepenncKy, CBa-
3aHHyK> c HacTOHHHBbiM 3KejiaHHeM fl.H.EoHKO-naBJioBa craTb TepoeM Cobct-
CKoro CoK)3a no HToraM rpaacaaHCKOH bohhm cnycra copOK aeT, Beab nojiynHJi
ase oh opaeH KpacHoro 3HaMeHH b 1928 roay k 10-aeTHio KpacHOH ApMHH.
A.A.Bojiouihh 0TKa3an b npocb6e EoHKO-EiaBJiOBy noanaTb Ha Hero cooxBexcx-
ByrouiHe aoKyMeHTbi b MoCKBy, cKa3aB, hxo tot npaKXHHecKH HHHero oco6eHHO-
ro He caenaji. PeaKUHa nocjieanero 6wjia BecbMa cBoeo6pa3HOH, oh Hanncan b
KpafiKOM napTHH aonoc, hto A.A.Bojiouihh, xoTa h pyKOBoaHT ceKUHeft Bexepa-
hob, HHKoraa napTH3aHOM He 6mj), a 6mji 6enbiM octpHuepoM. Akhm ABepbaHo-
bhh corjiacHJica, hto 6hji ocfmuepoM, ho Beab oh nepeiuen ace Ha cxopOHy CoBex-
ckoh BJiacTH, h 3aaaji Bonpoc: "A hto, ecjiH 6m 3to 6mji 38-h ron?" 06a ohh no-
JiyHHJiH no napTHHHOMy BbiroBopy, A.A.BojiouiHHa OTcrpaHHJiH ot pyKOBO-
acTBa ceKUHeii BeTepaHOB. HeBOJibHO HanpauiHBaeTca Bonpoc: noneMy ace Boh-
roaw Monnait o npoiujioM GejiorBapaeHCKoro ocJ)Huepa?..
KO-IlaBJioB aojirne
Bot TaKHM HeBecejibiM 0Ka3ajica KOHeu onepKa o repoHKe BojionaeBCKoro
cpaaceHHa, ho, MHe KaxceTca, npoHHTaB ero, Jno6o3HaTejibHbiH nejioBeK 3axoneT
y3HaTb KaK nioacHO Sojibuie o aaBHHX anax, 06 hctophh poflHoro Kpaa, noTOMy
hto 6e3 npoumoro Hex Syaymero.

69
 BoAonaeeev, Ctnenau MuxauAoeun
Cepuiuee
Bo btopom TOMe KHHra 'TpaiKflaHCKaa BOHHa b CCCP", H3flaHHofi b 1986
ro#y "BoeHH3AaxoM" b MocKBe, nepeA crpaHHueii 307 Ha BKJiaflKe noMemeHbi
neTbipe ()JOTorpa(|)HH. Ha nepBOH H3o6paaceH B.K.Ejiioxep b $opMe KOMaHAHpa
KpacHOH ApMHH h HH>Ke noAUHCb: "BoeHHbiH Mhhhctp h TnaBKOM ^BP
B.K.Ejiioxep. 1921-1922 nr.". Ha BTOpon c})OTorpa4>HH Taionce b <})opMe KOMaHAH-
pa KpacHOH ApMHH H3o6pa>fceH HnKOJian ^MHTpHeBHq Tomhh, a noanncb hoa
(J)OTorpa(J)HeH rnacHT: "KoMaHAyiomHH Hhckoh rpynnoK bohck Boctohhoi-o
(JjpOHTa HPA JX BP C.M.CepbinieB. <t>eBpajn>r.". Ha TpeTbeM chhmkc Jierico
1922
y3HaeTca CTenaH MHxaBjioBHM CepbiuieB, no 3-Toro bsm yace yflaBanocb bh-
ecjiH
aeTb ero (})OTorpa4>HH, ho noAHHCb TanOBa: "KoMaHAyioiUHH 3a6aHKajibCKOH
rpynnoii bohck BocTOMHoro <})poHTa HPA JlfiP H./J.Tomhh. OeBpajib 1922r.".
Ha qeTBeproH cj)OTorpa<j)HH npoBonoHHbie 3arpa»fleHH» h nrrypMyiomHe hx jik>-
ah b nanaxax, c TpexjiHHeHKaMH b pyKax. HeKOToptie H3 hhx noBHCJiH Ha npoBO-
jiOKe, b HeecTecTBeHHbix no3ax Jie>KaT Ha CHery, TaK hto HeBOJibHo noHHMaeuib,
HTO 3TO ySHTbie.
Ho!.. Bee neTbipe cf)OTorpa4>HH HeBepHbi b 6oJibiueH hjih MeHbiuefi CTene-
hh, TOHHee HeBepHa HH<j>opMauHa, nojrynaeMaa c 3thx $oTorpa<|>HH.
-

Emoxep Ha 4)OTorpa<|>HH b AeRcTBHTejibHOCTH H3o6pa>KeH eme ao npn6bi-

thh Ha flajibHHH Boctok h BCTynjieHHH b AonsKHocTb TjiaBHOKOMaHAyiomero
HapojTHO-peBOJiioiiHOHHOH apMHeft h BoeHHoro MHHHCTpa ^ajibHe-BocTOHHoii
Pecny6jiHKH (npocTHM 3to peaaKTopy, Beab oh Mor He HMeTb 4>OTorpa<}>HH
B.K.Bjiioxepa b nepnoA ero nepBoro npe6biBaHHa Ha .UanbHeM BocTOKe). Mokho
noHHTb h to, hto npH noflroTOBKe k H3aaHHK) nepenyrajiH noAnncH noA §oto-
rpacJ)HHMH CM. ToMHHa (raKoe 6biBaer HepeAKO, ecjin peaaK-
CepbiiueBa h U.J\.
Top c npoxjiaAueftothochtch k cbohm o6a3aHHOcraM). Ho bot KaK KOMaHAyio-
uihh BocTOMHbiM (j)poHTOM C.M.CepbiuieB Mor npeBpaTHTbca b KOMaHAyiomero
Hhckoh rpynnoii - 3to noHHTb xpyAHO. MoaceT 6biTb, no toh ace caMOH npHHH-
He, hto 4>OTorpat})Ha, cAenaHHaa b ceMHAecarax roAax npH C03AaHHH naHOpaMbi
BojionaeBCKoii 6HTBbi h H3o6paHcenHa CTaracTOB, conaaT CoBeTCKoii ApMHH,
nepeoAeTbix b oAe^mw HapOAoapMefiueB h aTaKyiounix conKy HioHb-KapaHH
(Hbme BojionaeBCKaa), AJia TBOpnecKoro baoxhobchhh xyAOJKHHKOB, BbiAaerca 3a
noAJiHHHWH chhmok cfreBpana 1922 roaa?
Mojkho 6mjio 6h He roBopHTb 06 stom, ho seAb k noAoSHbiM KHHraM, Kan
k cnpaBOHHHKaM, o6pamaioTca Tbicann h Tbicann jihh. 3arnaHHTe b 3HUHKAone-
flHio 'TpaacaaHCKaa BOHHa h BoeHHaa HHTepBeHiina b CCCP", H3AaHHyio b 1987
roay, h bbi yBHAHTe Ha CTp. 544 nopTpeT CM. CepbiiueBa h KpatKyio HdopHHe-
cKyio cnpaBOHKy, H3 KOTOpofi y3HaeTe, hto oh "3a 6oh Ha ^anbHeM BocTOKe Ha-
rpa»cfleH opaeHOM KpacHoro 3naMeHH (1925 r.)".

70
 TaK KpacHbiK nojiKOBoaeu rpaacaaHCKoft bohhm, nepBbiM nojiy^HBiiiHH b
HapO/aHo-peBOJirouHOHHoii apMHH 8 Hoa6pa 1921 roaa (o ieM cBHaeTejibCTByeT
npMKa3 JN° 248) opaeH KpacHoro 3HaMeHH, CTaHOBHTca oahhm H3 MHorax opae-
HOHOcueB, aa h to hko6w Harpa>KfleHHbiM 3a npoumbie 3acnyra...
1 Man 1919 roaa HanajibHHK BnaroBemeHCKoro nyHKTa KOHTppa3BeabiBa-
TejibHoro OTAeneHHH FTpHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra noanojiKOBHHic JIe6eaeB
y3Hau, 4to b AiwypcKOM crpejiKOBOM nojiKy b 6-h pore noa bh^om oxanaTa
1

cRpbisaeTCH HMCHyiomHM ce6a CTenaHOM MnxeeBKHeM noanopyHHK, paHee cjiy-

3KHBUIHH B r.HpKyTCKe B KpaCHOH ApMHH, H, I7pH6bIB b EjiaroBemeHCK, CKpblBa-
eT cBoe o4)HuepcKoe 3BaHHe. IIpH npH3biBe HHTejiJiHrenuHH b KOJinaKOBcicyfo ap-
mhk) B3HT y AMypcKoro BOHHCKoro HanajibHHKa h Ha3HaieH b 1 AinypcKHH nomc
Ha cTpoeByio flOJiWHocTb. CepwmeB 6mji apecxoBaH h saKJiKweH b oflHHOHHyio
KaMepy BnaroBemeHCKOH TiopbMbi no BbiacHeHHa jihhhocth. 23 ceHTa6pa
C.M.CepbiuieBa aocraBHJiH b noMemeHHe Bomckoboh YnpaBbi AMypcKoro Ka-
3anbero bohck3 ana cyaa. npH(})poHTOBOH BoeHHO-noneBOH cyjx noa npeacena-
TejibCTBOM uiTaSc-KanHTaHa ManKOBa, paccMOTpeB aejio o nopyHHice CepbimeBe,
npaBocjiaBHOM, 28 tot, npHHHMaa bo BHHMaHHe HHCTOcepaeHHoe pacicaaHHe 06-
BHHaeMoro, npHroBopHji ero k «ByM MecauaM TiopeMHoro 3aKJiroqeHHa. Ho ko-
ManjryiomHH BoflcKaMH npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra cbohm pemeHHeM yBe-
hh^hji cpoK coaep«aHHa b TropbMe jxo AByx tot c HCHHcneHHeM HaKa3aHHa co
AHA nocTaHOBJieHHS npnroBopa cyaa.
B apxHBe coxpaHHJiHCb peiueHHa ot 10 h 16 OKTaSpa 1919 roaa, aaHHbie
EneHe HBaHOBHe CepbiuieBOH Ha jiHHHoe CBHflaHHe b TiopbMe co CTenaHOM Mh-
xafijioBHHeM. H3 TiopbMbi oh 6yfleT ocBo6o»cfleH 5 <J>eBpajia 1920 roaa BOCcraB-
uihm rapHH30H0M ropoaa BjiaroBemeHCKa. BcKope oh cTaHOBHTca BoeHHbiM ko-
MHecapoM oQjiacTH.
B pesyjibTaTe BbiCTynjieHHa anoHueB 4-5 anpena b npHMOpcKOH o6jiacTH,
o6ycnoBHBuiero pa3rpoM HapoAHO-peBOJiK)u,HOHHbix bohck IlpHMOpba, 8-h crbe3a
Tpy/iamHxca AMypcKoK o6jiacra H36pan BoeHHO-peBOJiiomiOHHbiw komhtct c
HeorpaHHneHHMMH nojiHOMOHHa mm riofl Xa6apoBCK ana opraHH3auHH OTpa>Ke-
.

hh» B03MO>KHoro BTOpaseHna anoHueB b AMypcKyio o6nacTb nocwjiaerca

C.M.CepbiuieB, h c 22 anpejia oh craHOBHTca KOMaHayiomHM Boctohhmm 4>poH-
tom, a BoeHHbiM KOMHecapoM - IlaBeji IleTpoBHH IlocTbiuieB. H ohh craHOBaTca
COpaTHHKaMH H 6oeBbIMH apySbBMH Ha BCK) )KH3Hb.
H3 ocTaTKOB pa3po3HeHHbix napTH3aHCKHx OTpaflOB h nacTeH peBOjnoma-
ohhhx bohck, nepeuiefluiHx Ha jieBbiii 6eper AMypa, 6wjih co3flaHbi hojikh, ap-
THJiJicpH hckhc flHBH3HOHbi h HeoSxoflHMbie HacTH ogecneieHna. Bee nonbiTKH
anoHueB BbicaflHTbca Ha neBbifi 6eper AMypa 6bi.ra OT6HTM. K cepejjHHe hiojih
6bma C03flaHa 1 AMypcKaa anBH3Ha b cocTaBe Tpex CTpenKOBbix 6pHraa, Kaayiaa
TpexnojiKOBoro cocraBa, 1 AMypcKoro KaBanepHHCKoro nonKa, HH>KeHepHoro h
CB33M 6aTajibOHOB, 4eTbipex aprajiJiepHHCKHX 6aTapefi h HacTew o6ecne>ieHHfl.
npH3HaHMe AMypcKoii o6nacrbio rjiaBeHCTBa npasHTenbcrBa fla^bHe-
Boctohhoh Pecny6nHKH c ueHTpoM b BepXHeyflHHCKe (HbiHe yjiaH-Yfla) npeao-

71
npeaejinno noflHHHeHHe bohck e/jHHOMy KOManaoBaHHio b jiHue FjiaBHOKOMaH-
ayiomero bccmh BoopyasceHHbiMH cHJiaMH flBP.
Meamy AMypcKofi o6jiacTbK> h BepxHeyaHHCKOM b rax. Ha3MBaeMOH
"ihthhckoh npo6Ke" pacnojiaraiiHCb 6ejiorBapaeHCKne BOHcica aTaMaHa
r.M.CeMeHOBa h ocTaTKH KOJinaKOBCKOH apMHH, HMeHosaBiiiHeca KanneneBua-
mh, o6i>e.HHHeHHbie noa Ha3BaHHeM /JajibHe-BocTOqHaa ApMHa. 3toh apMHH aK-
THBHyio noMomb OKa3HBajm anoHUbi, BKjnoqaji ynacTHe b 6oax npoTHB HapoA-
HO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH, KOTopaa nurajiacb b anpene h Mae oBJiaaeTb Hhtoh.
Rnx JiHKBH^auHH "npoSKH" 6bmo npHHsiTo peineHHe Becro GoeBbie nePicr-
bhh cmiaMH BocTO«iHO-3a6aHKanbCKoro h AMypcxoro (ppoHTOB, kotopmmh cna-
nana KOMaHAOBaji .IJ.C.IIIhjiob, a c aBrycra - C.M.CepbiuieB. Hmchho noa ero
pyKOBoacTBOM BOHCKa flanbHe-BocT04HOH Pecny6jiHKH Bbi6miH H3 3a6aHKajiba
b HOa6pe 1920 rofla ocTaTKH KonnaKOBCKHX h ccmchobckhx bohck.
ripHKa30M TjiaBKOMa HPA h 3>JioTa JN° 4 ot 8 Hoa6pa 6mjih o6pa30BaHbi 1
3a6ajHKajibCKaa h 2 AMypcKaa apMHH. KoMaHflyiomHM BTopoft craHOBHTca Ce-
pbiuieB, a BoeHHbiM KOMHccapoM - E.H.MejibHHKOB (c 4.12.20r.), CMCHeHHbiH
n.n.riOCTblUieBblM* .

riocne npH6binia Ha ^ajibHHii Boctok B.K.Ejiioxepa o6e apMHH 6hjih

paccpopMHpoBaHM. C.M.CepbimeB 6mji Ha3HaneH HjieHOM BoeHHoro CoBeTa h
3aMecrnTeneM DiaBHOKOMaHayEomero HPA h OnoTa h BoeHHoro MHHHcxpa
ABP.
3 Hoa6pa 1921 roaa ero Ha3HanaioT KOMaHayromHM bohck£imh TOJibKO hto
co3flaHHoro 3a6aHKanbCKoro BoeHHoro oKpyra c ocraBJieHHeM b paHee 3aHHMae-
mhx flOJiacHOCTHX. Ho npo6bm oh KOMaHaytomjHM bohcksmh 3a6BO TOJibKO ao
19 HO»6pa, Koraa 6bm BbmyacaeH o6paTHTbcs k peuieHHio BonpocoB no opraHH-
3aiiHH 6opb6bi c 6ejiorBapfleflcKHMH BOHCKaiwH b npHMOpbe, KOTOpwe HanajiH
aKTHBHbie SoeBbie aefiCTBHa npoTHB naprasaH h ManoHHCJieHHtix Macreii HPA,
HaxoflHBiiinxca TaM noA bhaom napTH3aH. B.K.Ejiioxep b 3to BpeMH HaxoaHJica b
MaHbM>KypHH b j3,afipeHe Ha neperoBopax c anoHuaMH. B 3a6aMKajibe Cepbime-
Ba cMeHHJi ero TOBapHm A.K.<t>JieroHTOB, ho h CVneroHTOB Heaojiro ocTaBajica
BpeiweHHO KOMaHAyiomHM BoiicKaMH b 3a6aHKajibe. 3 aeKaSps C.M.CepuuieB c
rpynnoH KOMaH^HpoB H3 Hhtm BHe3HcaeT b Xa6apoBCK, nocKOJibKy 6ejibie ne-
penuiH HefiTpanbHyro noJiocy, OTaeJiHBUiyio anoHCKHe soiicKa ot bohck HPA
okojio cTaHijHH YccypH. 11 aeKa6pa b 16 nacoB CepwuieB npnGbui b Xa6apoBCK,
a <l>jieroHTOB c rpynnoK cbohx CTapbix TOBapHmeH nepe3 thjim 6e/iorBapaeHU,eB
ABHHyjica Ha lor IlpHMopbH ana opraHH3auHH napTH3aHCK0H 6opb6bi b pojih
KOMaHflyiomero napxH3aHCKHMH OTpa^aMH.
IlepBbie >Ke yaapbi no HacraM HPA okojio YccypH h b pafiOHe ropojia
HMaH (HbiHe /^ajibHepeneHCK) 6ejionoBcraHuaMH reHepaji-Maflopa B.M. Mojina-
HOBa noKa3ajiH KpaflHe HH3Kyw 6oecnoco6HOCTb HapoaoapMeHueB, a TOiHee - ee

*
CepwuieB CM. KOMaHHyiomHM 2 AMypCKOH apwHeii 6wji 8.11.20 - 6.3.21 r.ac wohh no
6.7.21 r. C 6 Mapra no hiohb KOMaiwapMOM 6faui IlaBJioB C./J., a c 6.7 n,o 30.7.21 r. - UJko-
jthh A.A.
72
nojiHoe OTcyTCTBHe. IIocTaBneHHbre B.K.BjiioxepoM bo ruaBe AiwypcKOH ahbh-
3HH, a noTOM IlpHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra Ajib6epT .Hhobhh JIanHHbui
(A.^I.JIanHHb, ArctSepT HBaHOBHH JIannH) h BopHC HHKOJiaeBHH MejibHHKOB,
nepBMH - KOMaimyiomHM, a BTopofi Hjkhom BoeHHoro CoBeTa <A JUIanHHbm b
.UOJI5KHOCTH KOMaHayiomero npo6wji no 24.11.1921, czyiB ee E.H.MejitHHKOBy),
HBHO He CnpaBHJIHCI, C B03JIO>KeHHbIMH Ha HHX o6fl3aHHOCTHMH.
19 aeKaGpa C.M.CepbiuieBa Ha3HaiaK)T KOMaHflyiomHM BoiicKaMH IlpH-
aMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra, KOTopbift k TOMy BpeMeHH (JmKTHHecKH npeBpaTHJi-
cfl bo (ppOHT, c ocraBJieHMeM Hjichom BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA h 3>JioTa. 3thm

caMHM Ha Hero ocJjHiyiajibHo bo3jio5khjih OTBeTCTseHHocTb sa BeaeHHe GoeBbix

^eHCTBHH BoiicKaMH OKpyra. Benbie y*e 6biJiH noa Xa6apoBCKOM. 19 fleita6pa
np0H3Ouma H3BecrHaH Tpare^HH KOMMyHHCTHneCKoro oTpa^a b cxaHHtie Ka3aice-
BHHeBofl, Koraa kohhhkh reHepana H.n.CaxapoBa Ha ocrpoBe Eojibuioii Yccy-
Pmhckhh H3py6iuiH 27 mieHHbix okojio npoxoKH Cyxaa Pbi6i<a, npHBeaa hx xyaa
hs Ka3aKeBHieBOH*. CoBpeMeHHbie nceBflOHCTopHKH yace HecKOJibKO pa3 noica-
3biBanH no ueHTpa^bHOMy TeneBH^eHHio 4>0Torpac[)HH TpynoB KOMCOMOJibueB h
KOMMyHHcroB, norH6uiHX b toh TpareflHH, BbiaaBan hx 3a wepiBbi... KOMiuyHH-
cTHHecKoro Teppopa. BnponeM, h anoncKyio 4)OTorpa4)HK>, Ha KOTopoii MaTb
napTH3aHa b CnaccKe Hmer cpeflH y6nTbix arroHuaMH cBoero cbma, ohh TaKHce
BMAaiOT 3a... KOMMyHHCTHHeCKHH Teppop. ,

B pacnopa>KeHHH C.M.CepbiuieBa 0Ka3ajmcb rpn nojiKa nexoTbi h oahh

nonK KaBajiepHH, He yKOMiuieKTOBaHHbie no uiTaTaM h pa36pocaHHbie B^oJib »e-
jie3Hofl aopora Ha TpH c jihiuhhm cothh KHjioMeTpoB, nozrnfniBajica H3 3a6aK-
Kanba Oco6bifl AinypcKHH nojiK B.A.IIonoBa, ontiTHoro KOMaHjmpa, KOMaHzto-
BaBuiero paHee 3 AMypcKofl aHBH3Hefi aeBaTHnojiKOBoro cocraBa. Ho chji aBHo
He xBaTajio. 3a naTb MecaueB npeSbraaHHa b aojihchocth HiaBKOMa B.K.Bjnoxepa
6oeBofl cocTaB Hapo^HO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH coKparanca b HecKOJibKO pa3.
Ot 36 nexoTHwx h 15 KasajiepHHCKHX nojiKOB ocranocb TOJibKo 7 nonKOB nexoxbi
h 4 nojiKa KaBa^epHH, h 3to Ha orpOMHbix npoCTpaHCTBax 3a6aHKajiba, Ainyp-
CKOH H ripHMOpCKOH o6.naCTeii, XOTH HHCJieHHOCTb apMHH b oicra6pe 1921 rofla
6buia 79650 nejioBeK.
3,necb MHe npe^cTaBJiaeTca yinecTHbiM npHBecru HecKOJibKO aoKyMeHTOB,
hto6m HHTaxenio 6bma noHaTHa HCTHHHaa pojib B.K.Emoxepa h C.M.CepbiineBa
b co6biraax Tex .zjaBHHX flHefi.

MaHbiacypHH, a Ha cneflyiomHH
17 fleKa6pa B.K.Bjuoxep B03BpaTHJica H3
fleHt,oSpaTHBUiHCb k cbohm o6fl3aHHOCTaM FjiaBHOKOMaHayiomero h BoeHHoro
MHHHcrpa, nocjie 6erjioro 03HaKOMJieHHa c onepaTHBHbiMH cBo/ycaMH, oh nan
TenerpaMiny b HecKOJibKO aapecoB: b PeBBoeHCOBeT Ch6hph, PeBBoeHcoBeT Pec-
ny6JiHKH, npeflcoBMHHa JXBP h KOMaH^yioutHM 3a6aHKajibCKHM h ripnaMypcKHM
BoeHHbiMH oKpyraMH, b KOTopofl yKa3aji Ha HeaocTaTKH TaKTHiecKoro xapaKTe-

'
iTopyiMK E.cDhjihmohob b CBoeii Kn«re "Be^onoBcxaHUbi" yKa3MBaeT, hto b njieH 6t0io
b:wto b Ka3aKeBHneBo 28 lenoBeK. QaHOMy H3 njreHHbix yaajiocb cnacrncb. PaHeHbift BTaM6ep b
cyMaToxe 6un ocraejieH b oahom m KpecxbHHcKHX aomob h yrosopviA KpecTbSHMHa He HanoMH-
HaTb O HCM 6ejIbIM.
73
pa npw BeaeHHH 6oeB c 6ejionoBcraHuaMH, ho yMomaji 06 onepaTHBHo-
CTpareriMecKHx npocnexax pyKOBOHCTBa apMHefi, to ecTb o cbohx ouiH6Kax b f

Bonpoce CTpoHTejibCTBa apMHH. Ho 3aicaHHHBaeTCH TenerpaMMa Tpe6oBaH hem :

';:

"... HeMe^uieHHO Bcex bhhobhhx, npe^aB cy/ry, no/iBeprHyxb acecroKOH Kape, Tpy-
cob paccTpenaTb" (rAXK, 4>. jt. 9). HraK, b nepBbifl ate aeHb
846, on. 1, ejn. xp. 5,
Enroxep ox/jaex npHKa3 0 paccxpenax, npaKTuneCK h He pa3o6paBmncb b CHTya- \

uhh, h KaK 6bi CHHMaeT c ce6a OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a Becb nepnoa KOMaHHOBaHHa ,

HPA h Ojiotom h fleiicTBHH KaK BoeHHoro MHHHCTpa. Bwji 3aroTOBJieH Ejuoxe-

poM npnica3 o paccrpejie h Ha BoeHHoro KOMHecapa Oco6oro AMypCKoro nojiKa
Bopo3flHHa, KOTopwH Ha CTaHqHH BoiioHaeBKa, nocne naHHnecKoro 6ercTBa qac-
xeiiH3 BjiaaHMHpoBKH, fle>KHeBKH, IToKpOBKH, nocxapanca opraHH30Baxb oxxojj,
k HHy flOJDKHHM nopHflKOM, ho flejio KOHHHJiocb jiHuib oxcxpaneHHeM nocne/iHe-
ro ot aoji>KHOCTH. Eop03flHHa cnacjia ot cinepra Mbicjib Ejiroxepa, hto Bcex pac-
cxpenaxb Hejib3H- He c KeM 6y,nex BoeBaxb. B nocjieaytomeM, npn npoBe/jeHHH

BojioiaeBCKOH onepaunH, Bopo3flHHy 6yaer ijoBepeHO KOMaHflOBaHue He6ojib-

eioh no HHcneHHOCTH no6epe3KHOH rpynnoH fljia oSopoHbi ox npopBaBHiefica
rpynnbi nojiKOBHHKa /^.O.KapJioBa-HnbKOBa.
Ho Jiynme B03BpaxHMca k aoKyMeHxaM. 19 neKa6pa Ejiioxep h CepbiuieB
pa3roBopnBajiH no xejiec{)OHy. Pa3rosop 6bui aojirHM h HepBHbiM, oh coxpaHHJica

ana hctophh h no3BOJiaeT MHoroe noHaxb b nocneayioiuHx coGbixnax.

CepbiuieB: "... ft. HHKor.ua ne npeanojiaraji, Korua exaji ctoaa, hxo Bcxpeny
He nonKH, a ojjhh Ka/rpbi, TbinoBbie ynpoKHeHHa h chokob b BH^e norpaHBoiicK h
o6»ceii/jopa (oSopoHa >Kejie3HOH aoporwio. - r.JI.), h hm HeT HHCJia. aojxxeH
6bm 6w cHATb c ce6a oxBexcTBeHHocTb 3a caany Xa6apoBCKa, h6o xaKOBaa 6bma
noaroxoBJieHa roflOBOH pa6oxoii h acejiaHHeM coKpaxuxb apMHK) xeMH, kxo ace-
Jiaji ApMHio HMexb 15-20000. (3xoro xoxen B.K.Enioxep. - r.JI.) ^BHaceHHe Bne-

pea, HMea b xbury 6ojibuiyK> KOHHyio nacrb npoxHBHHKa h He3amnmeHHbiK xwji,

npOCXHpaiOmHHCa Ha TbICHHH BepCT, CHHTaiO HeB03MO>KHbIM".
Ejiioxep: "Bac Tpy/XHo nOHarb, bw to roBopHTe - HacrymieHHe, to BHOBb
Bnaaaexe b naHHKy h c yrHexeHweM CMOTpnTe Ha cboh xbm, Hajso HMexb cBoe
MHeHHe HMeHHO xoraa, Kor/ja bm ynpaBJiaexe cjjpoHxoM, y Bac 3x0 He bhoho, cna-
nana bw MHe aojiowhjih o 6e3HaaeacHOM nonoaceHHH, 3axeni nepenuiH k HacTyn-
jieHHK), Kor/ra a Baiw (yxa3aji) nopa/roK ero BbinojiHeHHa, bh ehobb roBopwxe o
QecnoKOHCTBe 3a xmji. j^ojioacHTe ace HaKOHeu, KpaxKO h noHaTHO Bainy xoHKy H
peuieHHe."
CepbiuieB: "ToBapHu; Bnioxep, He aejiaiixe MeHa CMeuiHHM nenoseKOM. B
caMOM Hanajie pa3roBopa a saM xohho oSpucoBaji o6cTaHOBKy, noflnepKHyji, 4x0
npoTHBHHK npopBanca nepe3 Ka3aKeBHHeBO b KOJinnecTBe 500 ca6ejib h no
AMypcKofl npoxoKe (npo6en...) Haxojymca Ha nonnyTH ox BononaeBKH hjih no-
kpobkh, bot 3xo o6cxoaTejibCTBO MeHa h yrnexaex, hxo cpencTBa nHKBHaauHH
3apBaBiueroca npoxHBHHKa y MeHa HeT. Ka3aiceBHHeBo a 3aiiMy b asa cnexa ( flefi-
cxBHTenbHO, b 16 nacoB 20 aeKaSpa 4 KaBflHBH3HOH r.E.BopoHOBa 3aHan Ka3a-
KeBHMeBO. - r.JI. ), ho b 3to ace BpeMa npoTHBHHK 3aHMex noKpoBKy HJIH Bojiona-
eBKy h 6yaeT AeiiaTb HaneTbi Ha Xa6apOBCK, y MeHa HeT KaBanepHH, hto6h ero
74
jiHKBHflnpoBaTb, kcho jih BaM, noneMy a iwpaHHo cMOTpro Ha nojio»;eHHe semeR?
(rAXK. n.O - 44, on. 1, a .447, ji. 103-1 14.)
23 ,neKa6pa cocToanca pa3roB0p Meacny Hjichom BoeHHoro CoBeTa ripn-
aMy pcKoro BoeHHoro oKpyra n.n.riocTMiiieBbiM h Fjubkomom B.K.BjiioxepoM.
TOBOpHT HH.nOCTMUieB: "/^eMOpajlM30BaHHOCTI> HaCTeH BblHCHHJiaCb
oKOHiareJibHo nocjie OTCTynneHHa ox HoBo-Tponm<a-KopcaKOBCKOH otxoh
npoHcxoflHx npn 30-rpaayCHOM Mopo3e, cjieflOBarejibHO, no naxaiu npoxHBHHKa
(HMeexca B BHAy npopBaBmaaca b tmji rpynna reHepana CaxapoBa. - r.JI. )* Bee ,

ocTajitHoe nepe^acT T.CepbiureB. Oh ace otb£xhx Ha Bee 3aaaHHwe Bonpocbi.

jIhhho MejibHHKOB h x.CepbinieB npHinjin k TseprioMy peuieHHio, hto b TaKOM
a,

cocxohhhh HaxoflHXbca HejibJS, ny>KHO hxo-to caenaTb Ha HHe, ho /to npMXO/ia

icaBnoJiKa h 6pHra/n>i apaxbca Hejib3a. MeM 3-to oSTbacHaexca, bw iHaere: npo-
thbhhk 3aHHMajic», o6yneH, HMeeT BenHKOJienHbiii KOtucocxaB b JiHue anoHueB
(anoHUbi b 3thx 6oax He ynacxBOBajiH. - r.JI.), xBepflbiH thji, mm we kochjih ceHO
hjih nHJiHJiH apOBa, ca/jHJiH KanycTy h KapTOUiKy, oxpaHajw rpanHuy hjm HecjiH
eecKOHe^Hbie HapJmbi, KpoMe o6yneHHa MOJioflewb Kama He moxana nopoxy, He
BHflaBLuaa BHHXOBKy, npHxoAnna b naHHnecKoe cocroaHHe ox SHepniHHoro Ha-
THCKa npoTHBHKKa, b nocireAHee BpeMa, Korua npoTMBHHK 6m onbaHen ycnexoM.
Bot BaM npHMep npnunio nonojiHeHHe AMnojncy (Oco6bifi AMypcKKH nojiK. -
-

r.JI.), mow, KOTOpbie He Moryx 3apa/rnTb bhhtobkh. Mm

He onycKaeM pyKH h He
cnaraeM c ce6a oxBexcxBeHHocxH, yBepeHM, hto h Ha /xpyrnx, Bbiuie Hac CToamnx,
3xa OTBeTCTBeHHoexb na/xaeT, ecjin He b onHHaKOBofi cxeneHH, to b 6ojibuieK. fle-
jio He npoKirpaHO, ho HyacHo bccm npHHJiTb, h BaM h HaM, KpaflHe
peuiHxejibHbie

Mepbi, Hy>KHO 6pocHTb 6yMawHbie npHKa3M, a roBopio KOMMyHHCTaM 6pocHTb

HiHTaTb CTpoeBOH ycxaB, h mm 3th HecKOJibKo pa3 ero nepejiHCTMBajiH, flaBaiiTe
ayMaTb o 6ojiee nonoacHTenbHOM h cepbe3HOM, a ncxowy, roBopa sto, h3 cjie-
rryjoiHHX coo6pa>KeHHH, hto mm-to HaMH h /jpyrHMH coBepiueHO cxpauiHoe npe-
cxyniieHHe no OTHomeHHio PeBonrouHH, h rojioBaMH CepbinieBa, nocTbimeBa, a
Moacex h Bjnoxepa, He HCKynHTb, TyT hto-xo HyxtHO apyroe, Sojibiuaa OTBeTCT-
BeHHocTb, SojibuioH 3ajior, He no/ryMafiTe, hto a npniuen b OTnaaHHe, mm nyBCT-
BOBanH ropa3flO xyme ce6a Ha Ba3eMCKon, Kor/xa nepea HaMH He 6buio acnofi
KapTHHbi, a ceflnac mm cnoKOHHee h cnoKoiiHO, c npexHeH Bepoft, HiueM bmxojtob

H3 co3flaBiuero nojioaceHHa".
HTO BHflHO H3 npHBefleHHMX pa3rOBOpOB KOMaHflOBaHHa (jppOHTOM c fjiaB-
HOKOMaHflyioinHM HPA a Onora. BoeHHMM mhhhctpom flBP?
KaK CepMiueB, TaK h nocTbiuieB yica3ajiH Ha npaMyio BHHy B.K. Bnioxepa
b npoHcxoflHBuii-ix co6mthhx. 06a ohh He coMHeBajiHCb, hto flo6bK)Tca nepeno-
Ma b xoae 6oeBbix acmctbhh. CnoBa riocTMUieBa b KaKofi-To Mepe OKa3ajiHCb
npoponecKHMH. Ha Hne BoiicKa dppoHTa CMorjiH npHBec™ ce6a b nopaaoK, b
HOHb Ha 28 aeKa6pa HaHecjiH nopaxceHHe 6ejibiM h, He oxcimaa noaxoaa TpoHU-

*
nonycKaeT He5ojibiuyio HexOTHocxb. Tpynna reHepana CaxapoBa 20
3jiccb nocTbiuieB
noa BojionaeBCKoH 6buia OT6wTa KapayjibHoK poioii H xaHKaMH noa pykobohctbom IleT-
<t>eBpajia
poBa-TeTepHHa, OTCTynHJia k HHXHecnaccKOMy, rae reHepaji peuiHJi BepHyrbca K Ka3aKeBMMeso
Ana npHCoejjHHeHKa k rjiasHbiw cwaain.
KocaBCKoro KaBnoJiKa h 1Hhthhckoh crpejiKOBOH SpwraAbi, hobcjih HacTynne-
hhc B pe3yjxbxaxe OBJiaAenH 6 aHBapa BonoiaeBKoii, ho HecMornH ee yxiepacati.
H3-3a Majioro KOJiHHecrBa chji h cpe/icrs. B xoAe nocTOSHHtix 6oeB 6ejionoB-
CTaHHecKHe BoiicKa 6wjih BbiHyxcfleHM nepeftxH k o6opOHe co cxpoHxenbcxBOM
HHaceHepHbix coopy>KeHHH.
XapaKrepHO b 3-tom oxHomeHHH noHHMaHHe reHepaji-MafiopOM Bhktopom
MnxaHJiOBi«eM MoJinaHOBtiM o6peHeHHOCTH 6ejionoBcraHHeCKOro ABHHceHHa,
KOTopoe npocKajib3biBaex b ero o6pameHHH, HanenaxaHHOM b ra3eTe "PyccKaa
ApMHfl" 14 sHBapa 1922 roAa (qepe3 ntHb nocne HanaAeHHH Ha Xa6apOBCK nap-
TH3aHCKor6 oxpaAa fl.H.BoHico-riaBnoBa. Pa3yMeexca, axo He pe3yjrbTaT Hana-
aeHHa, Tax KaK ra3exa bhxoahjki bo BnaAHBoexoKe a o6pameHHe 6hjio Harinca-
ho ao 12 aHBapa). B.M.MoJinaHOB nncaji: "Mh HHKaKOH HarpaAH 3a cny-xeme
PoflHHe He npeafiaraeM a caMH He a<AeM. Haiua Harpaaa - AepeBHHHbiH KpecT.
Mbl - CMepTHHKH. (BblfleJieHO HCHpHbIM IUpH(f)TOM. - r.JI.) Mbl He XOTHM HCHTb 6e3
Pocchh, yMHpaeM 3a Hee a 6yneM yMHpaTb, noxa OHa, MHorocTpaaajibHaa, He
BOCKpecHer. M tot, kto HMeeT b ce6e Myacecxso yMepexb 3a cnacxbe Poahhh, c
paflocn>K> 6yAex npwHax b HauiH paAH cmcpthhkob. Mh >EmeM, mto pyccKHe
ocpHuepw, yHxep-ocpHuepn h cxapwe cojwtm nocTynaT b HauiH oxpaAbi".
npH3biB, HanHcaHHHH b naxexHnecKOM TOHe, no CBoeii cyTH ocxajica rjia-
com BonHiomero b nycTMHe. Koro npejibmaex cMepTb? TeHepan 6bm xopouiHM
TaKTHKOM h crpaTeroM, ho HeAocxaxoHHO xopouiHM ncHXOJioroM. KpacHaa npo-
naraHfla 3BaJia k 3aBepiueHHK> bohhm, k mhphoh scH3HH, a reaepaji npwrjiaujaji
yMHpaTb... Ha^eiKAbi 6ejibix Ha soccxaHHe Ka3aKOB b AMypcKoB o6nacrH He on-
paBflajiHCb. A bot KpacHoe napTH3aHCKoe ABHaceHHe pe3KO noAHanocb. B Enaro-
BeweHCKe bo3hhk IIlTa6 pcbojibduhohhhx napTH3aHCKHx oxpaAOB, b Koxopbift
HanajiH creKaxbCH Bee >KenaiomHe Ao6poBOJibHO B3flTb b pyKH opyxne h 3amn-
tuaxb CoBexCKyio BJiacxb. KcxaTH, B.K.Ejuoxep KpaflHe pe3Ko BbicxyiiHJ! npoTHB
(J)opMHpOBaHHa 3xhx napxH3aHCKHx oTpaAOB, noxoMy hto ohh HeABycMbicneHHo
cBHAexejibcxBOBajiH 0 cjia6ocxH apMHH, BO3niaBJiaeM0H BnioxepoM, aa CTapbie
napxn3aHbi 06 stom 3asBJiajin HanpaMyio - Beflb 6enorBapAeHuw y>Ke bolujih b
AMypcKyro o6jiaCTb. Bjnoxep >Ke xotcji Hcnojib30Baxb napTH3an Ha yKOMrmeKTO-
BaHHe perynapHOH apMHH, B33MeH Bbi6brauiHX H3 cxpoa: ySHXbix, paHeHbix,
ruieHHHX.
MecaHHbix 6oeB SejiorBapAeiiLiH HanajiH BbiB03HXb Ha K>r CHapaA"
Ilocjie
h HMymecTBO, hx OTpaAbi yKpbuiHCb sa npoBOJioKoii h JiHUib HHOrAa nuTajiHCb
pemaxb 3aAaHH xaKTHHecKoro xapaKxepa. H3 3a6aHKajrba Ha Boctohhhh (JjpoHX
6hjih nepeSponieHbi TpoHUKocaBCKHH KaBnojiK h 1 HaxHHCKaa cTpejiKOBaa 6pw-
raAa c OTAejibHHM Hhthhckhm k3bahbh3hohom h apxHiurepHficK hm ahbh3ho-
HOiM. lllna noAroxoBKa k peiuHxejibHOMy HacrynJieHHio c uejibio pa36HTb chjih
6enbix h OBJiaAeTb ropoAOM Xa6apoBCKOM. H 3Aecb Haiw BHOBb cxteAyeT o6pa-
xHXbca k AOKyMeHxaM, kto6bi noHaxt poiib CepbiuieBa b opraHH3auHn nacxyn-
jieHHa, TaK KaK b cymecxByiomeH JinxepaType iunpoKO pacnpocrpaHeHo MHeHHe,
hxo nnaHHpoBan BononaeBCKyio onepauwo B.K.Bnioxep. Ho ^xo roBOpax AOKy-
ineHXbi?
76

"
'
I MiH^llfimiT
 "tlHTa, HnaBKOMy, cr.BHpa, 15/l-22r.
IlpoeKT npHKa3a bohcksm BocroHHoro (ppoHTa N° 34 cT.Enpa ot 14 sHBa-
pa 1922 r. 19 q. fcapTa 10, 12, 40 Bepcx b amhmc
§1
ripoTHBHHK 3aHHMaeT paiioH CT.BonoHaeBKa-IIoKpoBKa. 2 KOpnyc: Om-
ckhh noJiK, 1 ^66poBOJii>HecKHH hojik, KoHHO-erepcKHfi hojik; 3 Kopnyc: 1
Oi,a;.CTp6pnrafla, noBOJUKOcaa 6pHra^a. PaftoH HHJKHe-CnaccKoe, BepxHe-
CnaccKoe oTpaa nojiKOBHHKa KapjioBa b cocTaBe 400 hcjiobck.
§2
HauiH BOHCKa 3aHHMaK>T:
a) HHCKaa rpynna: ct.Hh - noc.JIyroBCKOii,

6) no6epeacHaa rpynna: Ha^eacflHHCKoe - YjibAypHHCKoe,

b) XHHraHCKaa rpynna: BjiarocnoBeHHoe - riamKOBO.
rojioBHbie auiejiOHH Hht/hhckom/ GpnraflH cx.BoHKapeBO.
1

§3
BoKcKaM ppoHTa CTaBJiio 3afla^y 3aHaTb CT.BojioHaeBKa-/4e>KHeBKa, hch-
Byio cHJiynpoTHBHHKa b paHOHe BojionaeBKH (yHHHTOWHTb), AJia Hero komboh-
cKaMH Hhckoh rpynnw TOB.ToMKHy (H./J.Tomhh, 6ynynvi KOManayiomHM 3a-
6aHKanbCKOH rpynnoii bohck, c 12 jiHBapa no 4 ipeBpajia 1922 roAa KOMaHAOBan
TaKJKe Hhckoh rpynnoft. - r.JI.) npHKa3biBaio:
a) CBOflHyro KaBSpwraAy (xoMaHflnp r.r.rierpoB, 6pHrajia c<J>opMHpoBaHa
1 1aHBapa h pac4>opMnpoBaHa 3 (peBpajia 1922 rofla.- r.JI.) co b3boaom koh/ho/ -
rop/HOH/ SaTapen HanpaBHTb no Mapuipyry HH-3a6enoBCKoe, B.-CnaccKoe h H.-
CnaccKoe, ajih cocpeaoTOHenna b H.-CnaccKoe h HaHeceHna yaapa Ha Bonona-
eBKy c iora, coo6pa3ya cboh AencTBHa c rjiaBHbiMH cHJiaMH Hcejie3HoaopowHOro
HanpaBJieHHa;
6) OTA.crp.6pHrafle noBecrn peuiHrejibHoe HacTynneHHe Ha BojionaeBKy
no jihhhh »ene3HOM Aopora, tohho coo6pa3ya cboh yaap no BpeMeHH c yaapoM
KaB6pHraflbi c iora;
b) JieBon rpynne TOB.IIIeBHyKa yAapHTb na flejKHeBKy c ceBepa, paccHHTaB
no BpeMCHH c HacrynjieHneM cpeAHen h npaBOH rpynn;
r) rinacTyHCKOMy oTpaAy TOB.TerepHHa-rieTpoBa AaTb OTAenbHoe 3aAaHHe

b o6meM nnaHe HacTyrmeHHH ajm BbinojraeHna oco6oh BaacHOCTH 3aAaHH;

a) BpoHenoe3AaM chjioh aprajniepHHCKoro h nyneMeraoro oraa cnocoS-
CTBOBaTb npoABH)KeHHK) HauiHX HacTefi; baojib »cene3H0Aopo>KH0H MaracrpajiH ot
ct.Hh k cT.BojioqaeBKa h A-Ae^HeBKa.
§4
Han/ajibHHKy/ BOCO (bochhbix coo6meHHH. -r.JI) npnHaTb caMbie peuin-
TenbHbie Mepbi no HcnpaBJieHHio moctob, coxoKeHHwx npoTHBHHKOM, no jihhhh
>Kejie3Hoii Aopora. Ha ynacTKe Ojibroxra-BojioqaeBKa AOcxaTOHHo o6ecneHHTb
rojioBHofl ynacTOK TonnnBOM h nepeB030HHMMH cpeACTBaMH ao 3 onepaTHBHbix
coCTaBOB b paflone HH-06:iyHbe.
77
 §5
HaHCB«3H (JjpoHTa (...npo6eji) cymecTByiomHx nacTeii coTpyAHHKaMH m
TexMaTepHanaMH (... npo6eji) cBJBb no MarHCTpajibHbiM jihhhsm h BCJiea 3a abh-
- B.-CnaccKoe, H.-
)KeHneM Haiunx BAOJib 6epera peKH AMyp ct. HH-JlyroBaa
CnaccKoe.
§6
Bee
Ha^cHa6y (pponra cHa6flHTb AocTaTOHHbiM KOJiHHecTBOM npoaijjypaxa
nepeAOBbix 6a3ax He Msme
nacTH, oco6eHHO KaB6pnraAy, KMea 3anac TaKOBoro b
qacra KaK nenpHKOCHOBeHHbiM 3anacoM
qeM Ha t P h ahh, KpoMe Toro CHa6flHB
cyxapeft, ranexaMH h pbi6ofl.
§7
HaHcamaCTH 4>poHTa noaroTOBHTb JieryiKrt Ha ct.Hh h caHnoe3fla Ha

c-r.EHpa, cHa6flHB nacra nepeBH30HHMMH MaTepwajiaMH h MeAHKaMeHTaMH b aoc-

raTOMHOH Mepe.
§8
HanaprajiJiepHH cppoma cHa6flHTb Bee nac™ aociaTOHHbiM kojikhbctbom

oraenpHnacoB.
§9
Tojiobhoh nepeBH30HHbiH nyHKT Ha ct.Hh.
510
riepeaOBOH apTnapK h pyxcnynbnapic Ha ct.Hh.
§11
ft 6yay HaxoAHTbca c Hanajia 6oa h ao kohua Ha ct.Hh, Kyaa h npHCHJiaTb
AOHeceHHH.
§12
py6e>KeH cornacHO
floHeceHna o BbicxynjieHHH, AocratteHHa HaMeneHHbix
HaqajiOM 6ofl nacxH - Kaxcflbie 2 naca.
xa6e/ia cpoHHbix flonecenHH h c
§ 13
HaujTa4)poHTa
Moh saMecTHTenH Kombohck HhckoK rpynnw t.Tomhh h
(HanajibHHK uiTa6a (JipoHxa. - F.JI.) T.EpeMHH.
§ 14
6bixb saKOHneHbi k
Bee npwxoTOBJieHHa k yaapy Ha BononaeBKy aojdkhm
HanaTb no oco6oMy Ha to npHKasaHHK). N° 709/on.
17 aHBapa c/r. HacxynjieHHe
BpHfl HaurracjjpoHTa EpeMHH. N° 194/in".
CepuiueBbiM flJifl
Hs npnBeAeHHoro npoeKxa npHKasa, noAroxoBJieHHoro
nnaHHpoBanocb ero
opraHHsauHH HacTynJieHna H a BoJionaeBfcy, ohcbmaho, hto
HHBaps 1922 roaa, Koraa
npoBecTH b uejiOM TaK we, KaK 6mjio ocymecTBJieHO 6
BoncKa Hhckoh rpynnbi no fl KOMaHAoeaHneM
B.A.nonoBa B3ann BojionaeBKy.
HOBbie onepaTHBHO-TaKTHnecKHe
15 HHBapa y CepuuieBa noaBJiaioxca
AonoJiHHxejibHoe nooiaHwe c npeAJiomeHHHMH
HAen, h oh HanpasnaeT Enioxepy
AeHCTBHH (J)pOHTa.

78
 "Hma, TjiaBKOMy, Enpa, 15 jWBapji 1922 roaa.
y
M6hh bo3hhkjio HOBoe coo6pa>KeHHe onepaTHBHbix aeiiCTBHH /b/ cb»3h
Id npH6biTHeM Hht/hhckoh7 6pnraabi.
1. J\o npH6biTHs HHT6pHraabi He npoBoaHTb b acH3Hb npoeicra
npHKa3a
OB/iaaeHHH BononaeBKOH.
2. C npn6biTHeM HHT6pnraflbi h kohuom ee cocpeaoToneHHfl BbinojiHHTb

CUHOBpeMeHHbiM yaapoin o6e 3aaanH:

a) oBJiafleHHe BoaonaeBKOH h yaapa Ha Ka3aKeBHHeBO. 3aaaHy JiHKBHaa-

uhh Ka3aKeBHHeBO B03Jio>KHTb Ha 3a6/aMKajibCKyio/ rpynny, oBJiaaeHne Bojiona-

eBKOH Ha CBO^Hyio nex6pHraay, npnaaB eft 4-h KaBnojiK h LUeBMyKa. 3thm
npHeMOM napajiH3yeTCfl B03MoacHOCTb nporaBHHKa OTcrynHTb na ror h npHSnH-
acaeT Hac Ik/ ocymecrBJieHHio 3aaaiH yHHHTOKeHHH hchboh chjih npoTHBHHKa.
ripoujy BauiHX coo6paaccHHfi Ha 3tot Bonpoc. Mb 739/on. KoMBoficicaMH Cepw-
uieB.Mb 206/m" (FAXK. n.ct> - 44, on.l, en. xp.425, ji.56).
Haaeiocb, hto tc, kto 3HaKOM c xoaoM BojionaeBCKofi onepan.HH, H3 npn-
seaeHHOro npoeKTa npHKa3a yBnaeJiH, kto we aeiiCTBHTejibHO cocraBHH nnaH
onepauHH b caMofi ee cyumocTH. Pa3yMeeTca, He B.K.Enioxep, a C.M.CepbimeB.
B aonojiHeHHe momo cica3aTb, hto hmchho no STOMy nriaHy ona h npoBoan-
jiacb, aaace c yneTOM apynix 3aMenaHHH CM. CepbiuieBa, Tan KaK ohh h3h6o-
jiee neTKO oTpawajiH oco6chhocth BeaeHHJi 6oeBbix aeHCTBHH b aaHHOM pafioHe.
HanpHMep, TaKHe:
"BocTcppoHT, Mb 1041, 444, 10/1 1656, TnaBKOMy.
OSayMbiBas BauiH yjKa3aHHfl TpeTbeM $a3Hce onepanHH no OBJiaaeHHio
Xa6apoBCKOM h yHHHToateHHH *chboh chum npoTHBHHKa pa3peuiHTe BbiCKa3aTb
CBoe MHeHHe no aaHHOMy Bonpocy. 1-e, BnojiHe corjiaceH c cocraBOM yaapHoii
rpynnbi noa KOManaoBaHHeM TOB.ToMHua. 2-e. OraocHTejibHo nyHKTa cocpeao-
TOHeHHH 3TOH rpynnbi HMeio CKa3aTb npoTHBHoe. Bbi yKa3biBaere Hnaferopofl-
cKas - CaiwapKa, b 3thx asyx aepeByuiKax aonacHa cocpeaoTOHHTbca rpynna To-
MHHa, flajibiieHmee HanpaBJienne flBHwenHfl 3toh rpynnbi jiB/isieTCJi HoBOTpoHU-
Koe - Kpacnaa Pe>iKa - KopcJioBcicaa, Ka3aKeBHHeBO.
Ha nyra aBHa<eHH5i stoh rpynnw no npaMOMy HanpaBJieHHio mikht 6e3-
flopowHbiH octpob uiHpHHoio flo 10-th BepcT, flBH>KeHMe no KOTopoMy aaa<e ne-
xore rpyaHO. 06 aprajuiepHH roBopHTb Henero. 3HannT, rpynna aoaacHa hath
no npoToice, hto npOTHB CaMapKH hjih BepnyTbca 30 Bepcr ao B.-CnaccKoro
aa6bi BbiiiTH Ha Ka3aKeBHHeBCKyio npoTOKy. Kan TOJibKO hpothbhhk noKHHer
nyHKTbi CaMapKa-BjiaflHMHpoBKa-IToKpoB, HanpaBneHne ero oTxoaa Hobo-
TponuKoe - Ka3aKeBHHeBo, 3Ha iHT npoTHBHHK noKHaaeT XaSapoBCK h cocpeao-
i

tohhtch BceMH cbohmh CHuaMH Ka3aKeBHHeBO-Kop^OBCKas (TaK oho h oica3a-

Jiocb b aeKcTBHTejibHocTH. - F.J7.), oSecneHHB 3a co6oh CBo6oaHbin nyTb OTcryn-
JieHHa Ha ior.
51 CHHTaio, nyTb cneaoBaHHsi rpynnu - Ka3aKeBHHeBCKyio npoTOKy, a 3Ha-
hht h nyHKT cocpeaoToneHHA 3toh rpynnbi BepxHe-CnaccKOe - HnwHe-
CnaccKoe, eiqe Jiynuie 6bmo 6bi c yaapoM Ha BojionaeBicy oaHOBpeMeHHo Hanpa-

79
bhtj, rpynny ana 3aHaraa Ka3aKeBHHeBO. Ilpoiiiy npn cocTaBJieHHH npHKa3a 3-ro
(j>a3HcaynecTb aaHHbie mkoio coo6paxceHHa.
n.C. 3aTeM npH oTCTynJieHHH npoTHBHHKa Kpoine AMyp, YccypH h jihhhh
>Kejie3HOH aopora HMeeTca rpaKT Xa6apoBCK - KHH3e-BoJiKOHCKaa - BepHHo, rae
KMeercH naproTpaa EoHKo-naBaosa. Ho ecjiH iipothbhhk nonyBCTByeT cboio
6e3BbixoaHocTb Ha Tpex BuuieyKa3aHHwx HanpaBJieHHax, to oh comhct Eohko-
riaBjioBa h npopBeTca na BepHHO, hto aacr eMy B03MO»HOCTb noHTH MHHOBan,
KauiH 3arpa»caeHHH. Ns 655/on. Kombohck CTenaH CepbimeB".
B OTHOiueHHH OTpaaa BoHKO-ITaBjioBa C.M.CepbiiueB OKa3ajica a6cojnoT-
ho npaB, TaK KaK HaneTa Ha ropoa Xa6apOBCK 12 HHBapa 6ejiwe npo-
nociie ero
bcjih 3KcneaMiiHio Ha 6a3y BoHKO-IIaBJiOBa b ceno BaTCKoe a 3araajiH orpaa b
raiiry TaK, hto o Hein He 6buio hh cjiyxy hh ayxy ao 3aBepuieHH« Bojiohcbckoh
onepauHH h 3aHaTna KpacHbiMH Xa6apOBCKa.
B pa3TOBope 20 aeKa6pa 1921 roaa CepwiueB noanepKHBaji, hto npeano-
aceHHe Eaioxepa (HaxoaHBiiierocs Toraa b Hkts) Bbirpy^aTb H3 smejioHa TpoHU.-
KOcaBCKHH nojiK b 06nyHbe, a iiotom aswraTb noxoaHbiM MapmeM nepe3 riaiii-
kobo k HHy, aBHO HenpneMneMo, TaK KaK KaBajiepwa 6yaeT BbmyacaeHa npoft™
HecKOJibKO co Ten BepcT. Ha hto Bnioxep 3aMeTHJi, hto oh onacaeTca BBoaa b Soil
no nacraM HanpaBJiaeMbix Ha 4>poHT TpoHincocaBCKoro KaBnojiKa h 1 Hhthh-
ckoh cTpenKOBofi Spwraabi, h HacToaji Ha cbo6m mhchhh, ho b nocJieayiomeM Bee
*e 6ujio ocymecTBJieHo npeafloaceHHe CepbimeBa Bbirpy3Ky bohck npoH3BoanTh
okojio HHa.
Co6paB Ha Bojiohcbckom HanpaBJieHHH TpexKpaTHoe npeBocxoacTBo b ch-
aax h cpeacTBax Haa GenorBapaeiiuaMH, 3Haa o HaHaBiueflca sBaKyaunn H3 Xa-
SapOBCKa, Bbmo3e MaTepH&nbHbix cpeacTB h CHapaaoB, B.K.Bjiioxep npHHHMaeT
pemeHHe BbiexaTb Ha <})poHT, hto6h noxaTb naoabi no6eabi, ho aHanH3 MHorax
BOKyMeHTOB Toro BpeMeHH noKa3biBaeT, hto dtot npHe3a npHHec 6onbiue Bpeaa,
neM noab3bi. /Ia-aa, hmchho TaK, xoTa h pacnpocTpaHeHo umpOKoe MHenwe o ero
noJiKOBoanecKHx TanaHTax. HTo6bi He 6biTb ronocjioBHbiM, npwaeTca npHBecra
HecKOJibKO lywfip h aa»ce HanoiwHMTb, hto mhoio nwcajiocb Bbime. XoTenocb 6w
o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha to, hto b npoeKTe npHKa3a Ha HacTymieHHe
CM. CepbimeB noanepKHBaji 3HaneHHe BOCcraHOBJieHHH moctob h KaK He6peacH0
OTHecca k 3T0My Bonpocy B.K. Ejiioxep npH npoBeaeHHH 6oeB 3a BojionaeBKy,
Koraa KOMaHaoBaHHe (J>aKTHHecKH cocpeaoTOHHJiocb b ero pyKax.
B onepKe "BononaeBKa 6e3 jiereHa" a paccKa3biBan o coothoihckhh chji h
cpeacTB KpacHbix h 6ejibix, ho He yKa3an TOHHoe kojihhcctbo uithkob h ca6ejib y
KpacHbix OTaenbHO no Kaacaofi nacrH, nojiaraio uejiecoo6pa3HbiM BocnojiHHTb
tot npoSen.
HacrynaBuieH Baoab Avtypa 3a6aiiKajibCKOH rpynne b cocraBe TpoHUKO-
caBCKoro KaBnonKa (no uiTaiy 1441 nenoBeK, 1333 jiouuaaH, c yneTOM noTepb h
HeKOMnaeKTa 6yaeM CHHTaTb OKoao 1000 nenoBeK) h 1 HhthhckoS crpejiKOBofi
6p«raabi (1 h 2 crpejiKOBbie nojiKH, no urraTy b KascaoM nonKy 2491 neaoBeK h
422 aomaan, ho c yneroM noTepb h HeKOMnjieKTa aaxce b 50% 6yaeM CHHTaTb
okojio 2500 uithkob), a TaKace OraeabHoro ^HTHHCKoro aHBH3HOHa (no niTaTy
80
435 nenoBeK h 449 jiomaaeft, c yieTOM noTepb h HeKOMimeKTa okojio 50% 6yaeM
CHHTaxb okojio 190 ca6eiib) npoTHBOcroaaa rpynna reirepajia Hhkmthh3 b co-
craBe h 2 njiacryHCKHX nomcoB o6meH HHCJieHHOCTbio 350 uitmkob, 15 ca6eju>,
1

6 nyjieMeTOB, 2 opyana. B 3a6aiiKajibCKOH rpynne aHBH3H0H H3 12 opyaHft (aBa

H3 Koropbix ocraBJieHw b pe3epBe (JjpoHTa) h 2 opyaHa b KOHHO-ropHOM 6aTapee
TpoHUKOcaBCKoro noJiKa. 06mee kojihhcctbo nyneineTOB okojio 60.
Ha
»:ejie3HOAOpOKHOM ha npa b JieH h h b Cboahoh CTpejiKOBoii 6pHraae 6m-
jio TpH CTpejiKOBwx nojiKa, oahh KaBanepHHCKHH nonK, oaHH crpejiKOBMH noJiK
H3 HHTHHCKOH CTpejIKOBOH 6pHraflH (TipHflaH), apTHJIJiepHHCKHH AHBH3HOH.
1

ripH 3tom B OcoSom AMypCKOM norny 6mjih apTHHJiepHHCKaa 6aTapea h ot-

flenbKWH KaBajiepHHCKHii sacaapoH. B Oco6om AMypCKOM nojiKy no urraTy 2960
icnoBeK, a b 4 KaBajiepHHCKOM - 1250. CnuTaa a 3aecb noTepn h HeKOMnjieKT
okojio 50%, mw BnpaBe nociHTaTt, hto b CTpoio 6mjio okojio 5000 uitmkob h
okojio 1000 ca6ejib, 14 opyanii, 130 nyneMeTOB, 2 TaHKa, 3 6poHenoe3aa.
B rpynne nerpoBa-TeTepHHa, HaxoanBineHca b BocroproBKe
(HoBOKypoBKa) Ha peKe TyHrycKe, 6mjio 375 niTbiKOB, 67 ca6enb, 18 nyjieMCTOB,
2 opyana.
TaKHM o6pa30M, Ha Boctohhom (JjpoHTe, no mohm noacieTaM, 6mjio oko-
jio7500 uiTbiKOB, 2000 caSeiib, 30 opyaHH, 220 nyjieMCTOB nepea peuiHTejibHbiM
HacTynjieHHeM Ha BonoiaeBKy. 3to 6e3 yqeTa llo6epe>KHOH h XHHraHCKOii
rpynn.
y 6ejiwx cooTBeTCTBeHHo 6buio b nepBOM 3uiejioHe oSopOHbi b HacejieH-
Hbix nyHKxax ApxaHrenoBKa, ^aHHjioBKa, BojionaeBKa, BepxHe- h Hn>KHecnac-
cKoe, c yieTOM Haxoaameroca b Tbiny KpacHbix oTpaaa nojiKOBHHKa KapnoBa-
HjibKOBa, 2930 uitmkob, 1020 ca6ejib, 41 nyneMex, 10 opyaHii, aBa 6poHenoe3aa.
Bo BTopovi 3iuejioHe o6opoHbi Ha yaaneHHH 20-35 khjiomctpob ot nepBOH
jihhhh o6opOHbi B HacejieHHbix nyHKTax fle>KHeBKa, HnKOJiaeBKa, IloKpOBKa,
Ka3aKeBHHeBO HaxoaHJiocb okojio 1310 hitmkob, 255 ca6ejib, 30 nyneMeTOB, 2
opyaHa, 1 6pOHenoe3a. Okojio 260 uitmkob pa3JiHHHbix mcjikhx noapa3aejieHHii
HaxoaHJiocb b XaSapoBCKe. TaKHM o6pa30M, Bcero reHepan-MaHop
B.M.MojiqaHOB hmcji 4500 uithkob, 1275 ea6eiib, 71 nyaeMeT, 12 opyaHH, 3
6poHenoe3aa.
KaK bhuhm, npHBOiiHMbie mhok) aamiMe pe3KO OTJiHiaioTca or npHBoan-
MHX B pa3JIHHHbIX CTIpaBOHHHKax H B BOCnOMHHaHHaX 6bIBHJHX BOJIOHaeBljeB
TOJibKo no HHcneHHocTH uithkob h ca6ejib aa KOJiHuecTBy nyaeinexoB
y KpacHbrx.
3to Bnojme o6t>achhmo, TaK KaK nojiHora HH<j)opMauHH onpeaeaaerca aocryn-
Hocrbio k aoKyineHTaM, xpanatuHMCJi b apxHBax. B apyrax onepKax a npHBoanji
cooTHOuieHHe bohck KpacHbix h 6enbix Ha ochobhom xcejie3Hoaopo5KHOM Ha-
npaBJieHHH, yKa3bmaa TpoeKpaTHoe npeBocxoacTBo KpacHbix, 3to BnonHe oTBe-
naer hcthhc, nocKOJibKy nocne yxoaa iTobojdkckoh 6pnraabi b HOib c 11 Ha 12
cfpeBpajia k HnacHecnaccKOMy Ha BonoiaeBKe ocrajiocb okojio 1170 uitmkob h

405 ca6eab (6e3 yieTa noTepb 3a aBa ana), 4 opyaHa, 17 nyneMeTOB h aBa 6poHe-
noe3aa.

6- 3ik. 2480 81
 Ho Hac b KOHeHHOM HTore HHTepecyeT He kojihhcctbo cpaacaBiUHXca \

bohck, a poJit C.M.CeptiuieBa b BoJioiaeBCKOH onepainra. f

ripeHeSpejKeHHe B.K.Bjiioxepa k BoccxaHOBJieHHio >Kejie3HOflopoacHoro

MocTa Ha peHKe IIonepeHKe h noAroTOBKe Heo6xoaHMi>ix cpeflcxB ana npeoflone- ?

hhs npoBOJioHHtix 3arpa2caeHHH BbiJiHJiocb b 6eccMbicneHHbie acepTBti co cTopo- {

Hw HapojjoapMefiueB. B nepBbie flBa ana mxypMa BOJionaeBCKHX no3HUHH 6poHe- ;

noe3fla KpacHbix h apxHjxrcepHa He oica3biBajiH bhhahhh Ha xofl 6oeB, b to *;e

BpeMH 6poHenoe3Xia 6enbix BruioTHyio noflieswajtH k HacxynaromHM uensiM Ha-
pofloapMeHueB h npaKXHnecKH b ynop paccTpejiHBajiH hx m nyjieMerOB.
He 6yaeM eme pa3 rmcaxb o Bcex nepHneraax BojionaeBCKoii onepauHH,
3to flenajiocb yace MHoroKpaxHO, cnaaceM jmuib, ixo bboa b aeiicxBHe 6poHeno-
e3AOB HPA JNs 8 h JSb 9 1 2 (JjeBpana h yflap c Mra oGxoahoh kojtohhh KOMaHanpa
6axanbOHa B.A.nojiburocjja, KcropoMy npH,najin OTflejibHbifi KaBanepHflcKHH
3CKaapoH h flBa opyans (flo npHe3fla Ha .ZJajibHHH Boctok B.K.Emoxepa
B. A.rFOJiburo<i> KOMaHflOBan flHBH3Hefi), npeflonpcaejimiH Sbicxpoe oBJiafleHHe
BojionaeBKOH. Ho bboa b fleftcxBHe 6poHenoe3fla cran B03MO>KeH srnuib b pe3yjib-
Taxe peMOHja MOCTa, to ecrb BbinojiHeHHH nyHKTa npoeKTa npHKa3a
C. M.CepbimeBa Ha HacTynjieHHe, a HanpaBJieHHe o6xohhoh kojiohhw npexuio-
5KHJIH KOMaHflHp Cboahoh cTpejiKOBOM 6pHraflbi i!.3.noKyc a KOMaH^Hp 6
cxpenKOBoro nomca H.A.3axapos.
B pe3ynbTaTe BojioiaeBCKOH onepauHH 6ejibie 6mjih bm6htm c 3aHHMae-
mbix hmh no3HUHH, ocBo6o>KfleH ropoa Xa6apOBCK h BoiicKa HPA npoflBHHy-
jihcl k iory flo eonpHKOCHOBeHHH c hhohckhmh nacTHMH, ho 6enbie He 6wjih
yHHHToateHbi KaK BOHHCKaa cxpyKxypa. He 6bma peuieHa ocHOBHaa jaaana - jih-
KBHflauHa 6ejiofl apMHH. noTepH »e jOtajibHe-BocxoiHoft Pecny6jiHKM b MaxepH-
ajibHOM nuaHe h kojimhcctbo 3ary6jieHHoro Hapoaa noKasajw, hto pe<popMH ap-
MHH, npoBefleHHbie B.K.BnioxepoM, npHHecjiw 6ojibine Bpefla, HeM nojib3M, xoxa
B SyaymeM noaBHxea MHoro Kpaco^Hbix paccKa30B, hto oh C03flaji peryjiapHyro
apMHK).
Hepe3 HecKOJibKO flHefl nocjie b3hthh Xa6apoBCKa h 3aBepmeHHa Bojioia-
eBCKOii onepauHH C.M.CepbiuieB 6wji ch«t c aojdkhocxh KOMaHflyiomero Boc-
XOHHblM 4>POHTOM H KOMaHflyiOmerO ITpHaMypCKHM BOeHHbIM OKpyroM nofl
npeanorOM flByxMecaiHoro oxnycica .una nonpaBJieHHa 3aopOBba (t^aKTHiecKH ox
KOMaHflOBaHHa oh 6bm oxcxpaHen 26 (J)eBpajia, a npHKa30M JV° 116 ox 7 anpejia
onpefleneHO, mto b oxnycK HanpaBJieH 1 1 Mapxa). Bhji CHax c aojiwhocxh xaKxce a
Hnen BoeHHoro CoBera (J)poHTa n.n.nocxbiiueB. Mto axo? MaBp cflejian CBoe
flejio, Masp Mo>Kex yxoflHTb? Hjih HeacenaHHe HMexb psmoM c co6oii xex, kxo yKa-

3MBaji Enioxepy Ha npoMaxn b CTpoHxejibCTBe apMHH (bchomhhm pa3r0B0pw no

npaMOMy npoBOfly b fleica6pe 1921 rofla Mewny B.K.BnioxepoM h
C.M.CepbiuxeBbiM c n.fl. nocxbiuieBMM), noHHMaBiiiHx, mxo orpoMHux noxepb b
juoflax MaxepHanbHbix cpeacxB Morao h He 6biTb?
ii

ByaynH npo^eccHOHajitHbiM BoeHHbiM h H3yinB coxhh aoKyMeHxoB, a TaK

h He Hauien oxsex Ha Bonpoc: noneMy Bjiioxep, HMea npeBocxoacxBO b apXHJiJie-

82
 .

pun m nyjieMeTax, He BBen ap-rminepHio b Soft 10 h 11 4>eBpajis h OTflaji npHKa3

HacTynaTb c oahhmh bhhtobk3mh Ha xoponio yKpemieHHoro npoTHBHHKa?
npw cpaBHeHHH c XacaHCKHMH co6biTHHMH 1938 roaa BHjiHa xa 3aKO-
HOMepHOCTi.: apTHJinepHio h aBHauHio, b KOTOpofi KpacHaa ApMHH HMcna mho-
roKpaTHoe npeBocxoacTBO, «o nepcoHanbHoro pa3ApaaceHHoro npHfca3a
H.B.CrajiHHa Bnioxepy tot He npHMeHan, o6i>acHHa He6JiaronpHSTHbiMH MeTeo-
pOJIOrHHeCKHMH yCJIOBHSIMH. EOHUbl B 6oH HIJIH TOJIbKO CO CTpejIKOBHM Opy>KH-
eM-
Hto 3to? HeyMeHHe opraHH30BaTt npoBe/ieHHe onepauHH? Bpaa jih. Hho-
r,nanpHxoflHT mhcjib, hto B.K.Ejiioxep hh b Koefl Mepe He coMHeBanca b oKOHna-
TejibHOM ycnexe, ho noHHMaji, hto no6eaa 6e3 6ojii,iuoh KpOBH KaK 6m ManeHb-
Ka« no6e,n;a, a to h BOBce He no6eaa... VL BcnoMHHaiOTCH cjioBa TeHpHxa Xpn-
cxo(})opoBHHa 3fixe: "BojionaeBKH Morao h He SbiTb!"
ripHKa30M No 215 ot 4 hk>jis 1922 roaa BMecro B.K.Ejiioxepa 6hji Ha3Ha-
hsh TnaBKOMOM HPA h <5>ji0Ta JJajibHe-BocTOHHOH PecnySjiHKH KoHCTaHTHH
AneKceeBHH ABKceHTbescKHH (o Hein b KHHre "KpacH03HaMeHHbiH JJajibHeBo-
cTo^HbiH", npeitcxaBJMiomeH coSoh hctophio KpacH03HaMeHHoro JXajihneBO-
cTO^Horo BoeHHoro OKpyra, HeT ztaxe ynoMHHaHHH, cKa3aHo, hto Ejiioxepa ciue-
hhji y6opeBHH).
riepBbiMH ace cbohmh npnKa3aMH K.A.ABKceHTbeBCKHH otmbhhji pa/i opn-
K&30B no opraHmauHH apMHM, npoBeaeHHoK BnioxepOM, Hanajracb pa6oTa no
BOCcraHOBJieHHio roro, hto Smjio ho npHe3,zia B.K.Ejiioxepa. 3Ty pa6oTy npo-
/jiojtjkhji HepoHMM IleTpoBHi FySapeBHH-ySopeBHH, b aBrycTe cMeHHBiiiHH Abk-

ceHTbeBCKoro. Taic BHOBb 6bi;ia co3/jaHa 1 3a6aHKanbCKaa cnpejiKOBaa jthbh3hs

h3 104 CTpejiKOBOH 6pHraflH KpacHofi ApMHH, nepe^opMKpoBaHa 2-h IlpnaMyp-
CKaa CTpejiKOBaa ahbh3H3. H3 Cobctckoh Pocchh npn6buiH b cocTaB HPA 36
CTpenKosaa jxhbh3hh, 16 >Kejie3Ho,aopo>KHbiH nojiK, apTHjmepHHCKHe h nacra cbh-
3H, BOCC03^aBajTHCb caHHTapHbie noe3,aa h paciunpaxincb rocnHTana. H3 AByx
nojiKOB 2 KaBauepHHCKOH Spwra^br 5 KaBAnBH3nn KpacHofi ApMHH h ocTaTKOB
KaBajiepHHCKHx nacTeij HPA 6buia co3flaHa J^ajibHe-BocTOHHaa KasajiepHHCKaa
6pwrafla, bkotopoh ojihh hojik npoaojraaji HajbiBarbca 1 KySaHCKHM, BTopofi -
2 KpacHorycapcKHM h TOJIbKO TpeTHH nojiynroi Ha3BaHHe 3a6aHKajibCKOro*
Aoporo 3aiuiaTHB 3a pecj>opMbi HPA b nepHO/j c hkdhh no HO»6pb 1921 ro-
na, npaBHTeiibCTBa /JajibHe-BocTOHHOH Pecny6jiHKH h Cobctckoh Pocchh npH-
noacHflH MHoro ycHJiHH aia Bocco3flaHHH apMHH, cnocoSHOH npoTHBocToaTb 6e-
JiorBapaeHuaM h anoHuaM, HaxoOTBUiHMca b IlpHMopbe. B to *e BpeMa b mho-
roMHCJieHHOH JiHTeparype m b o6mecxBeHHOM MHeHHH o ponH B.K.Ejiioxepa b
flBP yTBepflwiocb npeflCTaBHeHHe, hto B.K.Ejiioxep H3 napTH3aHCKoS co3flaji

'
3a5aftKa)ibCKaa KaBSpwraaa H.H.KopoTaeoa Ha ocHOBaHHH npKKa3a N9 502 ot 22.12.21 r.
no«ne)Ka^a pajBCpTbreaHHio B KaBflHBK3HiO, ho peajibHo 6bwa nepe({)OpMHpoBaHa b I Ota. 3a-
BaMKa^bCKyio KaB6pnraay (Jl.K.tpH^MMOHOB - ao 10.4.22 r., HUi - <t>.E. JIobihkob ao 13.3.22 r.,
c 13.3.22 r. - n.H.BejiSiCB). 3ra KaB6pHraaa 6bim nepe$opMnpoBaHa c 5.5.22 r. a 1 Ota. 3a6aft-
KajibcKHii KaBnojTK (A.E.KapraujeB - no 12.6.22 r., c 12.6.22 r. - H.n.KojiecoB), Koropbift Bome^

b Hro^e b JlajibKe-BocTO>iHyio KaB6pnraay noa HaaBaHMeM 3 3a6afiKajibCKoro KaBno^Ka.

«•
83
peryjiapHyjo apMHio. 06T>JicHfleTca sto npeac^e Bcero ny6.nHKau.naMH caMoro
Enioxepa h tckctom 6naroaapcTBeHHOH rpaMOTbi Bnioxepy npH ero y6biTHH H3
j

JJBP b 1922 roay. Ho, KaK roBopHTca, <J>aKTbi - ynpHMaa Bemb.

KaK Morjio nojiyHHTbca, mto npn Hanaro 6oeBbix aeHCTBHH nporaB 6ejibix j

Ha HMaHCKOM HanpaBneHHH 6hji xonbKO ohhh 6poHenoe3.n N° 7, a Beflb TOJitKo }

npH JMKBHflauHH "hhthhckoh npo6KH" b KanecxBe xpo<J>eeB 6mjio 3axBaneH0 16 [

6poHenoe3flOB H3 SpoHeBofi ahbh3hh bohck aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa?* Ho 3aTo moxi-

ho npowran, b KHHre 3.III.^Hry30Ba "3a6BeHba HeT" (H3fl.l990 r. Xa6apoB- ;

CKoe KHHJKHoe H3flaTenbCTBo) cnoBa, 3BynamHe b onpeaejieHHoii Mepe KomyH-

CTBeHHO no OTHOiueHHK) k HapofloapMeiiuaM, no hkhm TejiaM hx xoBapwiun nw-
TajiHCb nepeSpaTbca nepe3 KOJironyio npoBOJioicy: "Ohh (HaponoapMefiuM. - r.JI.)
BepHJiH b BOHHCKoe HCKyccTBo, lejioBenecKyro h nojiHTHHecKyio MyapocTb sxoro
nonKOBOflua-caMopoflKa H3 Hapoaa, KaKHx HeMajio BbiflBHHyjia 6opb6a b 3aiuHxy
BenHKoro OKTa6pa... no^ pyKOBOflCTBOM Bnioxepa HPA poena h Kpenna, ynpo-
HHBanacb ee CBH3b c uihpokhmh MaccaMH TpyjramHxca..."
J\a, noflo6Hwe cnoBa no MeHbiuefl Mepe 3By^aT H3neBaTejibCKH k naMaxH
Tex, Koro oh npHKa3WBaJi paccrpejiHBaTb, h oTpascaioT HeoBieKTHBHOCTb aBTO-
pa, Koraa oh Bee nepeBopanHBaex c Hor Ha ronoBy, Ha3biBaa conpameHHe 6oe-
bwx chji b 7 pa3 "poctom h yKpenneHHeM". Her comhchha, hto aarce caiwo
apMHH
BbicTynneHwe BejionoBCTaHHecKoK apMHH 6bino cnpoBOUHpoBano pe3KHM co-
KpameHHeM HPA, xots h npoH30injio oho no yKa3Ke anonueB h BJiaflHBOCTOK-
ckoh 6ypacya3HH. Ho oTpaacaTb 3to BbicxynjieHHe npnmnocb He eMy, a xeM, kto
cxpoHJi HapojHo-peBOJiiouHOHHyio apMHio a.o Hero. PacruiaHHBanwcb 3a
"nejiOBeqecKyio h nojiHTHHecKyio MyapocTb 3Toro noJiKOBOAua-caMopoaKa"
KpOBbK) 60HUOB H KOMaHAHpOB. H OpraHH30BbIBajI 3T0 oTpaaceHHe
C.M.CepbimeB.
BocxBanaa B.K.Ejnoxepa, 3.MHry30B HenpoH3BonbHO cbo^mt Ha HeT 3Ha-
neHHe apyrax BoeHanajibHHKOB h flo6necTb npocTbix HapofloapMefiueB, xoxa h
roBopHT HHoraa o Hew.
TaK, 3acnyra C.M.CepbimeBa b OTpaaceHHH 6ejiorBapaeiiCKHX bohck h op-
raHH3auHH no6eflbi b BojioiaeBCKofi onepauwH aocxajiacb apyroMy nejiOBeKy, h
Koraa penb 3axoflHT o BojionaeBKe, to MajiocBeflyun™ nenoBeK HeBOJibHo Bcno-
MHHaeT Braoxepa, a He CepbiuueBa.
Flo CBoefl cyTM ya&rieHHe B.K.Ejnoxepa c ^a^nero BocTOKa 6bmo oueH-
koh ero aeaTejibHocxH. AnojioreTbi ace ero, He 3aniaflbiBaa b nocjiyjKHOH chhcok,
oh nonynnji onepeaHOH opaeH KpacHoro 3HaMeHH 3a Bo-
aa>Ke 3aaBnarox, hto
A bot hto MHe Hanncajia b cbocm nHCbine aceHa Kohs-
jioiaeBCKoe cpaaceHHe.
paTbeBa TpHropwa BacHJibeBHna, 6biBinero KOMaH^Hpa 5 cTpenKOBoro nonfca,
npHroBopeHHoro k paccrpejiy, ho noMHJiOBaHHoro h ynacTBOBaBuiero bo bto-

*
EpoHenoena 'TenepM Kannejib", "BnT«3b" h "Pa3BeaHHK" CMoraM yfiTH 3a rpaHHuy c
oTcrynaBUiHMH BoficKaMH h 21 HostGpfl 1920 r. Ha ct. MaHbiacypHH eme He 6bwn pasopyacem,!
KHTaftUaMH.

84
pOM B3HTHH BoJIOHaeBKH B pOJIH KOMaHflHpa pOTH, GbiBiuaa yHHTenbHHua b noji-

K y, Ha moio npocb6y noaejiHTbca BocnoMHHaHHaMii:

"fi Mory noaejiHTbca TOJibKO cbohmh jihhhwmh BnenaTJieHHAMH o Tex

xcyTKHx flHax, KaKHe ocTajiHCb b Moeii naM»TH. Ha cjieayiomHH AeHb nocne okoh-
naHHJi cpaacenHH, mm noSbiBajin y coiikm MiOHb-KapaHH, mt npoHcxoflHJiH 3th
cpa^eHHH, h h BHaeyia Te KomoHHe npoBOJio^Hbie 3arpa>naeHHfl, yxe nopymeH-
Hbie, h MHCOKecTBO TpynoB y6HTbix apMeKueB. BnenarneHHe
Henepe/jaBaeMoe. A

Ha flpyrofl CTOpOHe acene3HOflopo>KHoro nojioraa newana. pOTa 6enbix o4)nuepoB,

cKOUieHHaa HauiHM nyneMeTOM. PaHeHbie ace o$Hu.epbi, Koropwe ewe nbiTajiwcb
HeKOTopoe BpeMH ^BHraTbca, o6eccaneB, 3aMep3ann b nyra. H BHflena h auieiio-
hh TennyuieK, 3anojiHeHHbie no npe^ejia 3aMep3uiHMH TpynaMH, h BpaatecKHe
TO*e, TaK KaK npn nocneuiHOM OTcrynneHHH hx He ycnejiH noflo6paTb... Hy, hto
mojkho CKa3arb o Bjnoxepe? TaKHe jhoah Smjth, ecrb h, bh«hmo, 6yayT: ohh aoc-
TOHHbl TOJibKO npe3peHHa".
riHcana 3to Mapna TaBpHJiOBHa, He 3Haa o rHycHoK point B.K.Bjiioxepa b
penpeccHHX 1937 roaa, Kor^a oh craBHn cboki nojjjiHCb noa aoKyMeHTaMH-
npHroBOpaMH o paccrpenax bwcuihx pyKOBOflHTejieft KpacHofl ApMHH.
Ho nocKOJibKy Hauia 3aaana 6bina noKa3aTb ponb C.M.CepbimeBa b Bo-
jioHaeBCKoK onepauHH, to B03BpaTHMca k cy/jb6e CepbinieBa.
Oh okohhhji BoeHHyio aKa^eMHio. Emu Ha /wnjiOMaTHMecKOH pa6oTe b
ilnoHHH. Bhji opraHH3aTOpoM h nepBWM HaianbHHKOM UeHTpajibHoro ^OMa
KpacHofi ApMHH b Mockbc Majio kto 3HaeT, hto CrenaH MHxaHJiOBwq 6bui He
TOJibKO nojiKOBoaueM, ho nncaji BnonHe npHJiHiHbie cthxh, KOTopwe nocBaman
cbohm copaTHHKaM, ny6jiHKya b ra3ere "Bnepefl", H3jj.aBaBiueHcs Ha Boctohhom
(J>poHTe. Cthxh 3BajiH b 6ok 3a CBo6oay, b KOTopyio oh BepHJi CBaTO.
28 $eBpana 1928 ro/J.a CTenaK MnxaiuiOBHH yMep. Ero HMeHein Ha3BaH
nocejioK CeptiuieBo b AMypcKoii o6jiacrH, ecTb yjraua CepbiiueBa b ropoae Xa-
6aposcKe, na KOTopoii b CKBepHKe ycTaHOBJieH 6k»ct nojiKOBOflua.
no HMeiomHMca CBefleHHHM, C.M.CepbiiueB^bin acenaT /jBasc/Tbi, ho neTeii
He HMen.no cjioBam jiKweii, 3HaBmnx ero, b nocneaHHe ro/J,bi oh Hanaji 3Jioynor-
pe6jiaTb ajiKorojieM. B 3tom HeT HHMero yflHBHTeji&Horo - nepe3 ero cyab6y npo-
uuia caiuaa crpauiHaa H3 bohh - TpaamaHCKaa, 6paToy6HHCTBeHHaa BOHHa, h Ha
njienax Bceraa Jieacajia orpoMHaa OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb.

85
 Cydbda KOM6pma
B 11 nacoB 32 MHHyrbi 12 <}>eBpanH 1922 roaa CBOAHaa crpejiKOBaa 6pHra-
Aa HapoflHO-peBOJiroiiHOHHOH apMHH ocBo6oflHJia ot 6ejrorBapfleHueB ceno h
CTanuHio Bo^oiaeBKa, h KOMaHAHp 6pHraAbi Akob 3axapoBHH IloKyc, B3AoxHyB,
tjdkko CKa3an: "B3hjih..." mto 3TO He nocneAHHfi h pemaromHii 6oft, Tan
Oh 3Han,
Kan fljia Kaamoro BOHHa peuiaiomHM aBnaerca tot caMHH, nocjieflHHH, KOraa
npepBeTCH ero aojithh h HejierKHK nyTb.
Boh yxoAHJi Ha boctok, rae-TO H3peAKa yxano opyAHe 6poHenoe3Aa, a
pas-
3xom eMy AOHOcmica AaneKHH pa3pbis CHapaAa. IloKyc CToaji cpeAH cejia h
uiTa6a 6pHraAbi HsaHOM reoprneBHneM EynraKO-
roBapHBaji c HanajibHHKOM
ctojihuc flajibHero Boc-
bbim- BenbCKHM PaccnpauiHBaji o ropoae Xa6apOBCKe,
.

TOKa (ero npeacToajio OTSwpaTb y npoTHBHHica); kotopwh xopouio 3Han ero Ha-
HeMaJioBaxHyio pojib b
najibHHK urra6a h KOTopoiwy eme npeACToajio cwrpaTb
3KH3HH IToKyca.
Kaxaa cy«b6a npHBejia ciOAa 3Toro ABaAUaTHceMHJieTHero 6aTpauKoro
CbIHa, 3a TbICHHH KHJIOMeTpOB OT pOAHOTO CKJia COMOBKa, HTO B KoHCTaHTHHO-
rpaACKOM ye3Ae nonTaBCKofl ry6epHHH? A npHBe™ ero cioAa nio6oBb h HeHa-
BHCTb, AOJir cojiAaTa h HAew oCBo6o)KAeHHa ot pafiCTBa. BnepeflH neacaJi Xa6a-
Pobck, h npeAcroajiH HOBbie 6oh, nosaAH AOJirae toaw bohhm, kpobh, apocrH,
xonoAHoro pacneTa h acejiaHHa Bee 3to nocKopee saKOHHHTb. Ho KOHeu
3tot no-

neMy-TO Bee He npHXOAHJi.

HenoAajieKy, Ha Aopore, pacKHHyB pyKH, BBepx jihuom jieacan Tpyn
iuTa6c-
b He6o a He BHAeJiH npo3paHHofi
Kanm-aHa, ero ocreKJieHeBiime raa3a cMoxpejiH
He6pHToe
chhh. Ma-raa, npoaoKeHHaa bo MHorax MecTax umHejib, HcnaHicaHHoe
Ha cnery KpoBt... flua iiiTa6c-KanHTaHa 6oii 6wji
jihuo, 3aneKinaaca h 3aMep3uiaa
riocjieflHHM, peiuawwHM. npHBejin ero bot Ha sto MecTO Te ace nyBCTBa, hto h
M
flKOBa noKyca, ho TOJibKO ApymMH aoporaMH, c Apyroii cTopoHbi. He Hc Kjiro<ie-
ho, ito o6a, oahh H3 hhx HMHe MepTBbiii, a ApyroK eme
hojihhh chji h stieprHH,
yace rAe-TO BCTpenajiHCb na AOJirax aoporax IpaacAaHCKOH bohhbi hjih toh, y*e

HecKOJibKO 3aTeHeHH0H BpeMeHeM, na nepBOH mhpoboh...

lllKOJiy Akob noKyc okohhhji 3to b KaKOM-ro Mepe h 5Kena-
c otjih^hcm.

HHe OTua npeAonpeAejmnH nyTb flKOBa.

AaJibHeftuiHii B 1913 roAy oh okohhhjt
ceMHHapmo h cran pa6oTaTb ywrejieM b AsyxKJiaccHOM yqmiHiue b
yMHTenbCKyio
cejie CTapoBHpubi, ho npHineji HeTbipHaAuaTbift roA-
Mo6HJiH3auHa. .
.
•

yHTep-
nocne OKOHnaHHa yne6HOH KOMaHA" noxyc 6mji npoH3BeAeH b
ceHTaSpe 1915 roAa KOMaHAHpoBaH b BHJieHCKoe BoeHHoe ynmiH-
o4>nuepbi h b
roAa c npon3BOACTBOM b
me, H3 KOToporo BbinymeH b 4>eBpane cneAyiomero
npanopmHKH. CJiya<HJi b 18 Ch6hpckom sanamoM nojixy b aojikhocth MJiaAiue-
poTofi 611 KyH-
ro o^Huepa h KOMaHflHpa 4-fi poru. 3aTeM 4>poHT. KoMaHAya
^.3.noKyc 6bui nepBbiw pa3 paHeH. 3a
rypcKoro nonKa b 6010 hoa ZI,aHKH-JlaHbi,
reopraeacKHM KpecroM, npoH3BeAeH b noAnopynH-
SoeBbie OTJiHHHa Harpa^AeH
H3neneHHH ot paHeHHa ero KOMaHAHpoBann b ropoA OpaHHeH6ayM,
b
kh. no
86
Bbicmyio o<J)HuepcKyio uiKony, KOTOpyK) He okohhhji 3a pocnycKOM nocjieaHefi b
jihh peBOJirouHH,h 6hji Ha3Ha4eH b 1 ITeTporpaacKHH nyjieMeTHtifi noaic innaa-
iuhm ocjjHuepoM. 3a HiojitcKoe BbicrynxteHHe npoTHB BpeMeHHoro npaBHTejibCTBa
KepeHCKoro 1 rTeTporpaflCKnii nojiK 6mji paccjjopMHpoBaH. lloKyc BHOBb nona-
AaeT na t^poHT b cocTaBe 50 OTflejibHOH nyjieMeTHOH poTbi, npHaaHHoK 10-My
KaBanepHHCKOMy Kopnycy, KOTopbifi HacTynan b TajiHUHH...
Ilo yBOJibHeHHH H3 apMHH oh B03BpaTHJicH b poaHyio CoMOBKy, rae o6pa-
thjict k mhjioh cepauy pa6oTe yHHTejia. KpecTbaHe Bbi6pajiH ero ceicpeTapeM
cejibcKoro peBKOMa.
B HioHe 1918 roaa YKpaHHa 6bina OKKynHpoBaHa HeMuaMH. fl.3.noKyca
apecTOBajiH, ho eMy BCKOpe yaae-rca 6ewaTb. C KynKOfi KpecTbaH npHuuiocb aon-
ro cKHTaxbcsi, noKa He cc})opMnpoBaJiCH napTH3aHCKHH OTpaa. 3aTeM npoH30uma
BCTpena c orpaaoM H.H.MaxHO, nepe3 Koropbiii oh cBH3ajica c OaeccicHM PeB-
KOMOM, yCTaHOBHJT TaiOKe CBS3b C XapbKOBCKHMH noanojibmHKaMH.
OapTH3aHCKHM OTpaa noKyca aoxoaHJi ao 8000 nexoTbi h 3000 kohhhuh.
#kob 3axapoBnn cthhobhtch HanajibHHKOM PeBuiTa6a napTH3ancKHX OTpaaoB
IlojiTaBCKOH h EKaxepHHOcnaBCKOH ry6epHHH. B HHBape 1919 roaa OTpaa IToKy-
ca npncoeanHHJica k XapbKOBCKOH rpynne bohck KpacHoit ApMHH. Bnocjieacr-
bhh H3 orpaaoB >I.3.noKyca h H.H.MaxHO 6wjia ct})opMHpoBaHa 2 YicpaHHCKaa
apMHH, nepeHMeHOBaHHaa jictom 1919 roaa b 14 CoBeTCKyio apMHK) K)>KHoro
4>poHTa.
IloKyca Ha3HaHHJiH HaManbHHKOM uiTa6a 2 oTflejibHofi SpHraaw, a c Man -
KOMaHflnpoM toh ate 6pnraflbi. 3aTeM KOMaHflHpoM 3 CBOflHoro noma EauiKHp-
ckoh KaBanepHHCKOH ahbh3hh.
8 aBrycTa 1919 roaa b 6ok> y aepeBHH YcraBHua MnpropoflCKoro ye3aa
5L3.nofcyc noJiyHHJi Taacejioe paHeHHe, ho BCero nepe3 Mecaa oh no co6cTBeHHO-
My acejiaHHio, eaBa H3JieHHBiiiHCb, eaeT Ha cJjpoHT. 1 1 ceHTa6pa npHHaji KOMaHao-
BaHne 369 nojiKOM 41 ahbh3hh h boahji ero b 6oh npoTHB acHHKHHueB. B Oaeccy
oh BxoaHn yace HanajibHHKOM nrraSa 123 SpHraaw. Ha IIojibCKOM c})poHTe oh
KOMaHflOBaji 123 6pnraaofi ao OKOHnaHHa 6oeBbix aeficTBHH. B OKTa6pe 1920
roaa ero KOMamiHpoBajiH b Ilojibmy, b uiTa6 6 nonbCKOH apMHH, ajia neperoBO-
pos.
3a oTJiHHHe b 6oax noa MeCTenKOM IHapropoa h aepeBHefi FEncapeBKOH
ero HarpaamiH opaeHOM KpacHoro 3HaMeHH. Tan uuia ero SoeBaa >KH3Hb. Ho
6bma b ero jkh3hh Toraa He TOJibKO BOHHa, ho h jnoSoBb, KOTopyw b napoae
npHBWKjiH Ha3biBaTb Jno6oBbio c nepBoro B3raaaa. Ha npa3aHH4HOM seqepe no
cjiynaro B3HTna ropoaa IlaBJiorpaaa SIkob chjtoh BTamHJi b Kpyr TaHueBaTb no-
HpaBHBiuyioCH ewy aesyuiKy, a Ha cjieayiomHH aeHb Ona ymiia c orpiiaoM, b ko-
TopoM noKyc 6bia HanajibHHKOM niTa6a, h aeitHJia c hhm Bee xarOTbi noxoaHoS
5KH3HH nOHTH AO CaMOrO pOJKaeHHH HepBOH aO^fepK - TajIHHbl.
B 1921 roay .H.3.noKyc KOMaHaoBaa 41 OTaejibHoH 6pHraaoA. Ha flanb-
hhh Boctok ace ero HanpaBHJiH ana yKpenneHHa KOMaHaHbix KaapoB HapoaHo-
peBojHouHOHHofi apMHH b npeaBHaeHHH npeacToamax 6oes c 6e^oft apMHeK. B
Htixe ero Ha3HannjiH HaianbHHKOM onepaTHBHoro OTaeneHHa, caMoro BaatHoro b
87
UlTa6e HPA. npo6bm b stoh aojukhocth Hcaojiro - c 1 Hoa6ps 1921 roaa no
aHBapb 1922 rcw, Kor^a BcrynHJi b KOMaHaoBaHHe Cboahoh CTpeitKOBOH Spwra-
flOH Ha BOCTOHHOM (jjpOHTe Ha CTaHUHH MH, CMeHHB B.A.rionOBa, KOMaHflOBaB-
mero AMypcKofl crpejiKOBOH SpHraaofl b Hhckoh rpynne bohck, KOTopaa h 6m-
jia nepedpopMHpoBaHa b CsoaHyio cTpejiKOByio 6pnraay.

y»ce tojibko bot 3TO nepenHCJieHHe flOJDKHOCxefi cBHjEteTejitcTByeT o tom,

hto 3a njienaMH MOJionoro KOMSpHra k MOiweHTy wrypMa BoJioiaeBKH 10-12
^espajifl 6bui GoraTwii bochhmh onwT. 0 xot* eMy jihhho yace He npHxoaHJiocB
b

nepBOH uenH oeacaTb b aTaKy Ha Bpara, ho ero yM, 3HaHHS, TajiaHT pyKOBOflHTeiia
MHoroe npeflonpeflejiaJiH b xo.u,e 6oeB. IIoHHMaa, hto noaroTOBKa niTypMa Bo-
jionaeBKH ewe up KOHua He 3aBepuieHa, oh npocHU TnaBKOMa B.K.Biiioxepa, b
tot MOMeHT (JjaKTHMecKH B3HBinero b cboh pyKH o6mee pyKOBOACTBo onepauweH,
o Heo6xoflHMOCTH nojjjB03a 6oenpHnacoB, peMOHTe a<ene3HOflopo>KHoro nyTH h
BoccTaHOBJieHHH moctob, hto6h Morn xteHCTBOBaTb 6poHenoe3£a. H npHCJiy-
maHCfl k ero coBeTaM B.K.Bjiioxep, wepTB co cropoHbi HapoaoapMeHueB, 6e3 co-
MHeHHH, 6bmo 6bi 3HaHHTenbHO MeHbiue. BpoHenoe3Aa 6enwx 10 a 1 1 ^espajia
cbo6oaho KypcHpoBanH no nyraM Ha cTaHUHH BojionaeBKa h noflxozuum BnnoT-
Hyro k uen«M HaponoapMeiiueB, paccTpejiHBaa hx H3 nyneMeTOB. H
TOJibKo Koraa

b hohb na 12 <J)eBpajia 6hji oTpeMOHTHpoBaH moct h 6poHenoe3fla HPA

Ne 8 h 9
cmohih BCTynHTb b 6oh, cHTyauna pe3Ko H3MeHHnacb.
C)3HaK0MJieHHe c ceKpeTHHMH onepaTHBHbiMH AOKyMeHTaMH Toro BpeMeHH
no3BOJTHJio MHe caeuaTb BbiBOfl, hto B.K.Bjiioxep CBoen cjiaBOH bo mhotom o6a-
3aH C.M.CepwuieBy h fl.3.noicycy. IljiaH Bcefi BojionaeBCKOH onepauHH 6mji
pa3pa6oTaH C.M.CepbiineBMM, hmchho oh npeajiosom nocraBHTb b neHTpe
CBOAHyio CTpejiKOByio 6pHraay fl.3.rioKyca, a 3a6aHKajibCKOH rpynnoii
H./l-ToMHHa HaHecTH ynap Bflojib AMypa na HnacHecnaccKoe h nacTbio chji ot-
Ty^a b ran BojionaeBKH, Bee xce rpynny jxajiee HHXHecnaccKoro He npoflBHraTb,
a nanpaBHTb Ha Ka3aKeBnneBO hto6h B3arb b MeuiOK chjibi 6ejibix b BojionaeB-
,

cKo-Xa6apoBCKOM paiiOHe, oflHOBpeMeHHO naHec™ yaap c ceBepa H3 pafioHa

ApxaHrenoBKH b tmji BojionaeBKH. HMeHHO no TaKOMy nnaHy pa3BHBajiacb Bca
BojionaeBCKaa onepauHa. B xoae AByxflHeBHbix 6oeB noa BojioHaeBKoft
fl.3.rioKyc coBMecrao c KOMaHaHpOM 6 CTpejiKOBoro nomca A.H.3axaposbiM
npHuiJiH k noHHMaHHio, hto Heo6xo.u,HMO BbiaejiHTb eme o^Hy He6ojibiiiyK> 06-
xoaHyio KonOHHy Ha jkbom (JjjiaHre BononaeBCKOH no3HUHH 6enbix. H b HOHb Ha

12 (JjeBpajia rpynna 6bma C03aaHa. B TpH naca hohh cTpejiKOBwfl SaTanbOH, ica-
BajiepHHCKHH scnaapoH h asa opyana noa o6iuhm KOMaHflOBaHHeM
B. A.riOJibnrocjja nouinn b o6xoa BononaeBKH.
H 3toh KOJioHHe cy»meHO 6buio cbirpaTb 3HaHHTejibHyio pojib bo Bceii
onepauHH, Tan KaK OHa cobmcctho c HacrynaBinHM c rora TponnKOcaBCKHM KaB-
nojiKOM pa3rpoMHJia 4 Y^hmckhh nojiK 6enwx, nbiTaBUUHfica 0Ka3aTb noMowb
cbohm BoflcKaM Ha no6epe>Kbe AMypa. B.ATiojiburoci) Bbiuieji b thji BoJionaeB-

kh, h ero HapofloapMeHuu noaoacrnH *eire3HOflopoacHbiH moct, crapaacb 3aKy-

nopHTb BOJionaeBCKyio rpynny 6ejiwx. H
xotb 6poHenoe3fly 6ejionoBcraHueB
yaajiocb OT6nTb ot aoporH HaniH nacTH, KOMaHAOBaHHe SenonoBcraHueB nanajio
88
POhho CHHMan. c no3HUHH cboh nacra h oTBOAHTb hx kojiohhumh b ran. Bono-
aeBKa najia. A nocKOJibKy onepaiwa pa3BHBajiacb no 3aMwcjiy C.M.CepwmeBa,
0 XaSapoBCK 6bi;i 3aH3T oahhm 6aTajib0H0M 5 cTpenKOBoro nojiKa npaKTHHe-
kh 6e3 6oa. Tloa Ka3aKeBH4eB0 we uieji apocrHbiH 608, h 3flecb HapofloapMefi-
bi BuoBb npeoaoneBajiH npoBOJiOHHbie 3arpa»CAeHna. TaKOBa HCTOpHHecKaa

paBfla.
Hepe3 HecKOJibKO AHeii, 25 <J>eBpajia, noA 6jiaroBHflHbiM npeAJioroM 3a6o-
h o 3flopoBbe c npeAOCTaBjieHHeM AByxMecaHHoro OTnycica
6biJi chht c aojkkho-

m KOMaHjiyJomero Bocto^hmm (fjpoHTOM C.M.CepbiiueB, a TaKwe 3aMeHeH

neH BoeHHoro CoBera n.n.nocTbiuieB* . B.K.Ejiioxep He repneji pswow: c co6oh
ejioBeKa, KoropbiH 3Ha;i h yineji 6ojibtue, hqm oh.
HcnojiHHTb o6fl3aHHocTH KoinaHflyiomero BocronHbiM ^pohtom Hanaji
MapTa, oh 6bur yTBepwaeH b stoh aojihchocth. Ilpefl-
I.3.rioKyc, a BCKOpe, c 11
tojijihHOBwe 6oh. IlpoHcxoaHno nepe4)opMHpoBaHHe apMHH. Ebma co3AaHa
^BOflHaa crpenKOBaa ahbh3h« m
ocraTKOB HPA, HanajibHHKOM kotopoh cxaji
loKyc. Ho b 3toh aojdkhocth oh npo6bui JiHuib ao 13 HKxrifl, BCKOpe ero Ha3Ha-
hjih nepBbiM 3aMecTHTejieM HanajibHHKa IIlTa6a HPA, h oh H3 Xa6aposcKa
6hji B HHTy. Cmchhji ero M.M.OnbiiiaHCKHH.
Kor^a Bcrajt Bonpoc 06 oKOHiaTeJibHOH JiHKBH/jauHH 6ejiorBapAeHiieB Ha
lajibHeM BocTOKe, IloKyca BHOBb Ha3HaMaiOT b AeHCTByrouiyio apMHio h 6 ok-
a6pa 1922 roaa oh B03BpamaeTca k KOMannoBaHHio 2 npHaMypcKOH crpejiKo-
OH AHBH3HCH, OflHOBpeMeHHO aBJiaaCb KOMaHAyWIUHM (J)pOHTOM.
B 16 wacoB 25 OKTa6pa 1922 roaa qacra 1 3a6aHKanbCKOH ahbtohh h ah-
n3noHHaa iiiKOJia 2 npHaMypcKofi ahbh3hh BCTynHJiH bo BnaflHBOCTOK. no3a;in
icTajiHCb uiTypMOBbie hohh CnaccKa, no3aAH ocTajiacb TpasKflaHCKaa BoflHa.
lyaoBHiuHoe KpOBOnpojiHTHe, yHecmee mhjijihohm pocchhckhx KpecTbaH, pa6o-
!hx, HHxejuiHreHTOB, npocpeccHOHajibHbix BoeHHbix, 6e3BHHHbix h b HeM-ro bh-

lOBaTbix... no3aan ocTajiacb 6paToy6HiicTBeHHaa HcrepHa! Ho bcrajiacb jih?..

npnKa30M M? 222 ot 2 Hoa6pa 1922 roaa fl.3.noKyc 6biJi HarpawfleH bto-
>biM opaeHOM KpacHoro 3HaMeHH. CjiyscHTb oh ocTanca b Xa6apoBCKe, rae
ipo6biJi ao 1926 roaa, a 3aTeM nepeBeaeH b Bhtc6ck noMomHHKOM KOMaHAHpa
;opnyca. B cneAyiomeM roAy ero Ha3HanHJiH Ha CeBepHbiii KaBKa3 KOMaHAHpoM
1 OAHOBpeMeHHO BOeHHbIM KOMHCcapOM 22 KpaCH03HaMeHHOH CTpejtKOBOH AH-
SH3HH.
B 1929 roAy oh ywe b MocKBe, cjiywHT homoujhhkom Ha iiajibHHKa V
/npaBJieHHa lllTa6a PKKA.
BoeBofi onbiT hco6xoahmo 6bmo noAKpenHTb TeopeTHHecKH, h oh b 1930
OAy OKaHHHBaer AKaAeMHio TeHepanbHoro IIlTa6a PKKA. Ero HanpasjiaiOT
soeHHbiM coBeTHHKOM b MoHrojibCKyio HapoAHyio Pecny6jiHKy. Hepes ABa roAa
lyra-AOpora BoeHHOH cnyac6bi npHBejiH .H.3.noKyca Ha 6epera THXoro OKeaHa,

'
n.n.nocThiuieB 1 MapTa y6bui b MocKBy Ha XI Ctem PKn(6), k jio^»;kocth HBC 6o^b-
ue He 803Bpauianca, t.k. MBC npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro oKpyra c 3 cpeBpajis craii AsaeeB (no 4
naa 1922 B CBa3M c Ha3Ha46HneM 3MHccapoM r|pH6ajiTMfiCKoii o6jiacTH flocTbiuieB 10 Masi
r ).
-ICKJIIOieH H3 CITHCKOB HPA.
89
Tyaa, r«e b 1922 roay oh bo rnaBe 2 npHaMypctcofi ahbh3hh 3aKOHHHji noxoa. Oh
craHOBHTca KOMennaHTOM h bochhmm KOMwccapOM yKpenjieHHoro paiioHa Bo-
eHHo-MopcKHX Chji ^ajibHero BocTOKa b r.BjiaaHBOCTOKe.
3aecb ero HacrmraeT cTpauiHoe rope. 1 H0»6pa 1932 roaa yMepJia ero Bep-
Haa cnyTKHua h Jno6HMaa aceHa Onbra AneKceeBHa. Ha pyKax y flKOBa 3axapo-
BHHa ocTaercH Tpoe Majibix aeTefi. Tane ABeHaau,aTb jieT, JleHOHKe - aeBJiTb h cm-
Hy, fOpwicy, iuecTb JieT. B aBrycre 1933 roaa oh peiuaeT MceHHTbca Ha cecTpe
CBoero TOBapwma MnxaHJia TpHropbeBMHa KpHBieHKOBa, AjieKcaHape.
nocHHxaB, hto ^[.3.noKyc nocraBJieHHyio nepea hhm 3aaa<-iy bo BjiaaHBo-
CTOKe BbinonHHJi, KOMaHAOBaHHe PKKA nepeBoaHT ero b 1935 roay b 3a6aHKa-
b Bop3Ki, na aonxcHo'cTb KOiweHflaHTa h BoeHHoro KOMHecapa 3a6afiKajib-
jibe,

CKoro yicpeiuieHHoro pafiOHa.

IlpHKa3 HapKOMa o6opoHbi CCCP no JiHHHOMy cocTaBy apMHH N° 2484 ot
26 HO«6pa 1935 roaa, oTMenaa paTHuft Tpya 6biBiuero BOJionaeBua, raacuji: "B
cooTBetcTBHH c nocTaHOBJieHHeM U.HK h CHK CCCP ot 22 ceHTa6p5i 1935 r. o
BBeAeHHH nepcoHajibHbix BoeHHbix 3B3HHH HaianbCTByrameMy cocTasy PKKA
npHCBOHTb BOHHCKOe 3B3HHe KOMaHBa... lIOKycy flKOBy 3axapOBHHy, KOMeHXiaH-
Ty 3a6afiKanbCKoro yicpenjieHHoro pafioHa".
B 3T0T roa oh 3a ycneuiHoe ocBoeHHe hoboh tcxhhkh h 3ac/iyni b oSopo-
HHTejibHOM crpoHTejibCTBe 6wn Harpa^aeH opaeHOM KpacHOH 3Be3AH. B 1936
roay ero Ha3HanaioT KOMaHjjHpoM 43 CTpejiKOBoro Kopnyca b r.YccypHHCK, a b
cjieayiomeM JO.IIoKyc y»ce 3aMecTHTenb KOMaHayiomero Oco6oh KpacH03Ha-
MeHHoK fla^bHeBOCTOHHofi apMHefi. 3aecb on pa6oTaeT noa HenocpeacTBeHHbiM
pyKOBOflCTBOM BacHJiHH KoHCTaHTHHOBHna Eaioxepa, k TOMy BpeMeHH y»ce
Mapiuaaa CCCP.
B <$>eBpajie 1938 roaa ero Bbi3biBatoT b MocKBy, h 3aecb 20 nwcjia oh 6mjt
apecroBaH. Mepe3 Heaejiro b XaSapoBCKe Sbuia apecTOBaHa ero »eHa AntKcma-
pa TpHropbeBHa, a b Mockbc ee cecrpa EneHa. Hm craBHJiocb b BHHy, hto ohh
3HajiH o Bpax<Ae6Hbix aeMcTBHAX hx 6paia h i!.3.rtoKyca. Hepe3 HecKOJibxo mc-
caneB riofcyca nepeBe.™ b TiopbMy b XaSapoBCK, rae oh b oahhohhoh KaMepe
npocHjjeji nsiTb MecHueB b ojKH,naHHH paccTpejia. O neM ayMaji roraa y3HHK?
MoaceT 6biTb, o tom, KaK boahji Ha uiTypM coiikh HioHb-KopaHb hojtkh, KaK no-
BHcajiH Ha KOJUoneH npoBonoKe oicpoBaBjieHHbie, npocTpejieHHbie KpacHoapMeft-
Ubi. Mo>KeT 6biTb, BcnoMHHJi h roro iuTa6c-KannTaHa, hto Bajiajrca nocpeaH Bo-
jioiaeBKH...
Hepe3 flBa roaa nocne apecTa, 20 ^eBpanji 1940 roaa, iI.3.iIoKyc 6uji oc-
Bo6o)KneH H3-noa crpaacH, peaSHJiHTHpoBaH, BoccTaHOBJieH b bohhckom iBaHHH
h b napTHH, HJieHOM KOTopoii oh 6mji c 1919 roaa. Ero Ha3HaHHJiK cxapiiiHM
npenoaaBaTeneM AKa^eMHio TeHepajibHoro IIJTa6a b MocKBe.
b
KaK nepwoa >KM3Hb ero aeTeii?
H<e cKJiaHMBajiacb b tot

Ero remy h jiereu BbicejiHJiH H3 cjiy»ce6HOH KBapTHpu h nepecenHJiH b no-

irynoflBajibHoe noMemeHHe, nonni He npnroAHoe ajih 5KHJiba. JleHy h lOpy 3a-
6pariH b AeTCKHH npneMHHK, a 3aTeM oTnpaBHJiH b CH6wpb b AercKHfl hom, ho
aapeca, Kyjja OTnpaBHJiH, crapmeH cecTpe He flajiH. ITonbiTKH hx pa3biCKaTb no-
90
cpeflCTBOM nHceM b pa3Hbie HHCTaHUHH He npHHecjiH ycnexa. IIoMor cjiyiaii. To-
BapHm ranHHbi no 6op3HHCKo£i niKOJie Hauieji hx b ASaicaHe h cooSmHJi o MecTe
Haxo»aeHH3. BcKopc npwexaJi H3 aantKoa Comobkh aeayuiKa, oreii flKOBa 3a-
xapoBHHa, h ja6paji BHyKOB k ce5e Ha YKpanHy.
Temy BJiacra onpeaenHUH b aom npecrapejibix Ha KpacHOH Penice, a CTap-
ujaa, TaJiHHa, b HiOHe 1939 roAa yexajia H3 XaSapOBCKa. B Xa6apoBCK Ha cnop-
THBHtie copeBHOBaHHa npwexan ee mKOJibHbiH apyr H3 YccypHKCica h yroBopuji
ee noKa nepeexaTH k ero poflHTejiflM b YccypHHCK. BcKope ohh noHceHHJiHCb.
Koraa iI.3.noKyc 6bm pea6HJinTHpOBaH h Ha3HaneH b aKaaeMHio, Bee aera
CbexanHCb k Heiny. TaJiHHa npnexajia c MyaceM h MajieHbKofi aohkoh. TaK
^.3.rioKyc cTan acaom, ho ceAHHa y Hero noaBunacb He ot npemioHHoro B03pac-
Ta h co3HaHHS, 4to ero poA 6yp,er npoAonaceH yace b c/icuyiomeM noKOJieHHH,
BtRh eMy Toraa 6bijio Bcero JiHiiib 44 roaa...
fleno JKeHbi h ee cecTpw aojdkho 6biJio 6biTb nepecMOTpeHHWM, h
,H.3.Il0Kyc qacTO xoahji b BoeHHyio Kojuiermo cyaa, ho TaM Bee TaHyjiH, o6i>ac-
Haa pa3HWMH 6onee Ba>KHbiMH aenaMH. Tax npoaojiacajiocb AQ BToporo apecra
^KOBa 3axapoBH^ia 3 0KTa6pa 1940 roAa.
Pea6HJiHTHpyK)T hx Bcex noTOM: h >KeHy, u ee cecTpy, h ee 6paTa, paccrpe-
jiHHHoroeme b KOHue 1937 roAa.
MeHboiMx BHyKOB 3axap rioKyc 3a6paji BHOBb k ce6e, b AepeBHio Comob-
My*:eM B03BpaTHnacb b YccypHHCK.
Ky, a TajiHHa c
H rpanyjia BTopaa MHpoBaa BOfea, BejiHKaa O'renecTBeHHas ajia nainero
HapoAa. BHOBb 3aTonajiH no nbmbHbiM AoporaM YicpaHHbi KOBaHbie canorw He-
MeuKHX OKKynaHTOB. PoAHoe cejio iI.3.rioKyca 3an«jin Bpara. Ho Akob 3axapo-
bhh He Mor npwHaTb ynacTHH b CBameHHbix 6oax 3a CBo6oAy Poahhw, 3a poahoh
Aom, 3a AeTeft cbohx. B HiOHe 1941 roaa oh 6bin srannpoBaH b Komh ACCP, b
riocejioK Ba>Kaejib, rAe h HaxoAHnca ao ahh cBoefi CMepTH, 3 ceHTa6pa 1945 roAa.
Ee3 cOMHeHHa, ero yiweHHe h ohmx BoeHananbHHKa Moraw npHroAHTbca Ha
cJipOHTax BenHKoii OreHecTBeHHoft bohhm, ho eMy GbiJia yroroBJieHa cyAb6a
crpaiiiHaa b CBoeii cymHocxH. Pea6miMXHpOBajiH ero nocMeprao b 1956 roay c
BoccTaHOBJieHHeM b napTHH, cjiobho mo>kho BoccTaHOBHTb to, mto yxpaieno h
yiimo b 6e3aHy bcihocxh...
Ero cmh HDpMH nocne xHpyprH4ecKofi onepauHM 1 1 Hoa6pa 1942 ro-
yinep
Aa. floHb EjieHa OKa^KeTca c ApyrHMH AeByuiKaMH b TepMa-
yraaHHOH b ameJioHe
hhk>, rAe HaxoAHjracb b KOHUJiarepe BHJibTpone. EbiJia 0CB06o>KAeHa aMepHKaH-
ckhmh BOHCKaMH, Bepnyjiacb Ha pOAHHy, b ceno CoMOBKa. 3aKOHHHna XapbKOB-
CKoe neAarorHHecKoe yHHJiHme h 6ojiee 20 JieT paSoxana b comobckoh oiKone.
OHa Aejiaaa CBaToe Aejio, c KOToporo HannHan cboeo B3pocjiyK) acn3Hb ee oTeu., -

ynHJia ACTefi Ao6py. HwHe

Ha neHCHH, >khbct b ropoae XapbKOBe, ho npoAOJDKa-
er pa6oraTb. Ee chh BnaAHMHp uH-xenep, aonb, Ha3BaHHaa b necTb 6a6yuiKH
OjibroH, HMeer cpeAHeTexHHHecKoe o6pa30BaHHe.

91
 TajiHHa flKOBJieBHa, Htrae no <J>aMMJiHH MyjKa Jluyx, jkmbct b HaxoaKe,
neHCHOHepKa...*
ft. KOpoTKO pacci<a3aji o cy^b6e repoa BojionaeBKH He ajia toto, hto6m

kto-to npocTO y3Han MyTOHKy Gonbiiie, neM 3Haji ao stoto, a hto6m mw 3aayMa-
JIHCb Hajl CCBpeMeHHHMH CoStlTHflMH, IipoaHajIH3HpOBaB HX, C^enajlH BMBOfl.
Reno b tom, hto npH paccKa3e o fl.3.IloKyce y MeHa Bee BpeMH He BbixoflHJiH H3
rojiosw TpH <J)pa3M, HanojiHeHHbie Myapocrtio, onwTOM npomnoro. OflHy H3 hhx
roBopMJia mo« MaTfa, HanyTCTBya b ceMHafluaTb jieT nepefl flajibHeft aoporoM Ha
CTpoHxenbCTBO BpaTCKofl T3C: ")Khbh c moabMvt, cwhok, h ot cyMbi h TiopbMM
He 3apeKafrca!" BTopaa 4>pa3a En6jieHCKaa: "Hhmto He Benno, mhp b abhhcchhh,
nyro TocnoflHH HeHcnoBeflHMbi". H cnoBa K).3>yHHKa: "JIkwi, 6y,zy>Te 6flHTejib-
hbi!" H ohh KaK-To neperuieTanHCb, B3aHMO^ononHann apyr apyra, TpeBO>KHJin
fly my.

Tpa»caaHCKaa BOHHa b Pocchm yHecna mhjijihohh 5KH3Hefi, ho c ee kohuom

He npeKpaTiuiacb 6opb6a, Bezmiaa k yHHHTOHteHHK) noJiHTHHecKHX npOTHBHHKOB
pa3HbtMH MeTOJiaMH. rioneMy MHorae h MHorae H3 KOMaHflHpoB h Hapofloap-
MenueB, ynacTBOBaBiHHx b BojionaeBCKOH onepaiwH, 6binn penpeccHposaHw?
Pa3raflKH srax penpeccHH noxa neT, xota HeMajio aceJiaiomHx Bee o6i>acHHTb
TOJTbKO aeaTenbHOCTbio H.B.CTajiHHa, a Taiofce npoHCKaMH repinaHCKOH pa3Be#-
kh, aKo6bi c(pa6pHKOBEBineH aejio TyxaneBCKoro. B yroay nojiHTHnecKHx aM§n-
IMH OT£(ejlbHbIX JIHU npHHOCHJIHCb B JKepTBy HejIOBeneCKHe HCH3HH. M BOT BHOBb
pa3niarojibCTByioT Ha pa3JiHHHbie nonHTHnecKHe tcmw, crapaacb npoTHBonocra-
BHTb apyr apyry juoaeH, acKBymHX b Haiuefi crpaHe. KoMy sto Hy^KHO? B 3anaA-
Hbix ra3eTax sto Ha3biBaioT rpaayiaHCKOH bohhoh yMOB, ho Beat y>Ke Jiberca
KpoBb b pa3Hbix KOHuax crpaHbi, y»ce cothh thcsh 6eweHueB, ocraBiiiHxca 6e3
KpOBa H CpeACTB K CymeCTBOBaHHK).
HeyacenH 6bui npaB c})hjiococ{>, H3peKiuHH, hto hhcjio nypaKOB SecKOHenHO,
TaK KaK Bee ynaTca Ha csoeM ontiTe, a He Ha onwTe apyrax?
Moh paccKa3 6mji 6m HenonoH 6e3 He6onbinoro OTCTyruieHHa. He^aBHO y
MeHa cocroanca pa3roBOp c ohhoh cynpyatecKofr napofi. Oh cicyjibnTop, OHa -
pa6oTHHK cueHHMecKoro HCKyccTBa. H 3aKOHHHJics tot pa3ro8op BecbMa Mpan-
ho. CKyjTbnTop cKa3aji: "fi 6bi He xoTen, hto6h b cjieayiomHH pa3 tw ko MHe
npHuien c aBTOMaTOM".
HeT, a He npuny. Ho He nosBHTca jih TaKoe acejiaHHe y apyrnx, Tex, Koro
My* h weHa b oahh tojioc H33BajiH SbiflJioM, y paSoHHX h KpecTbaH, KaK 3T0 6bi-
jio b aaneKOM ceMHaauaTOM? IlpH 3tom nopaacana HyflOBHUiHaa TpaHC(})opMauHH
npoHcxoflfluxero b yMe stoh JKeHiiiHHbi, CHHTaioiueH ce6a HHTenjmreHTKOH. OHa
yTBepatAana, hto HaKOHeij-To M.CXop6aHeB 3aroHaeT 6biflJio Ha CBoe Mecro.
Hto HaKOHeu-TO inapHKOBbi riOTepaioT BJiacTb. M hto caMbiM cnacTJiHBbiM ana
Hee 6yflex fleHb, Koraa "pa3BeHHaioT 3Toro aypaKa JleHHHa". OHa nojiaraeT, hto
b ee acHitax TeneT rojiy6aa KpoBb, h cnpocHJia, KaK 6bi othochjic3 h paccy>Kflan a,
ecjiH 6m 6biJi BbixoflueM H3 apeBHeii apHCTOKparaHecKOH cpeflbi. 51 npHBen npH-

'
CBeaeHM o flonepHX H.3.rioKyca aaHu Ha momcht HanncaHHfl 04epKa.
92
r

Mep c rpa4>OM AjieKceeM AneKceeBiweM HrHaTbeBbiM, KOTOpbifi, aajse HaxoAHCb

p napH»e, nepeuien Ha cxopoHy Cobctckoh BJiacro
h coxpaHHJi eS BepHocrb b
OKpyaceHHH 6e^03MnrpaHTOB. IlbiTanca npHBOAHTb h Apyrwe npHMepw, o6tnc-
hjiji, hto 6oJiee 60% KOMaHAnpoB b HPA 6mjio H3 6mbiiihx uapcKHX o<}>HuepoB,
ho He "hmkoiuhh yuiH Aa ycjibiuiHT".
Bcerfla
vro oh h oHa e^HT xjie6, BbipaiueHHbifi KpecrbaHaMH, a
Ha Moe 3aMeHaHHe,
ace OKpyacaiomHe npeAMeTbi, b tom HHcne h oae»Aa Ha hhx, co3flaHH pyKaMH
pa6oMHx, peaKUMH 6wjia 0AHO3HaHHoft: TaK v. aojdkho 6bm>. Pa6oiHH h Kpecrb-
khhh o6»3aHbi pa6oTaTb ronbKo Ha xo3pacneTe (cjiobho ohh ao 3Toro He onpaB-
AbmajiH cbok) 3apa6pTHyio nnaTy!), a HCKyccTBO bo Bcex ero npo»BJieHnax MoaceT
pa3BMBaTbca TOJibKO Ha rocyAapcTBeHHbix AOTauHsx, TaK KaK b npoTHBHOM cny-
nae MoaxeT npeBparaTbca b HH3Konpo6Hyio xanxypy, uiHpnoTpe6. To ecn> pa6o-
HHH H KpeCTbHHHH o6fl3aHbI KOpMHTb AeflTenefl HCKyCCTBa, KOTOpbie Ha3bIBaK)T
hx 6biAJiOM. Eme He eras 6apbiHeK, ho MOpanbHO y*e roTOBaa k 3TOMy, xceHWH-
Ha, caMa toro He noA03peBaa, ceer ceMeHa, KOTopwe Moryr npopacra HeHaBH-
CTbK>...
MoaceT npOHHTaB moh onepK o cyAb6e KOM6pnra .HKOBa 3axapOBn-
6biTb,
na IToKyca, kto-to no-HOBOMy h HecKOJibKO co cTopoHbi nocMOTpm Ha ce6« h Ha
nponcxoAsmee BOKpyr h 3aAyMaeTca...

93
 3a6umbie eOAOHaeeybi
Mw nacro roBopHM, hto cb8to itomhhm Tex, kto 6opojica 3a CoBeTCKyro
BJiacTb Ha BocroKe, oCBo6owaaxi Hainy 3eMJiro ot HHTepBeHTOB h 6e.no-
.Ha.ibHe.M
rBapfleiiueB, kto urrypMOBaji BojionaesKy. mm iiomhhMj ho sto xaKaa-To
Bceo6-beMJiiomaa naMaTb o co6hthax, a He o KOHKpeTHbix Jiioaax. HeM 3to o6t>-
acHHTb? Ha moh B3rjuiz[, sto o6ycjioBJieHo tcm, kto ojihh mom flejiajiH hctopmio,
a apyrae nHcajiH ee, TaK nocTeneHHO CMemajiHCb aKueHTbi, 3a6biBajiHCb HMeHa,
TpaHCcjjopMHpOBanHCb co6biTH5t, necrb h cjiaBa, 3aany5KeHHa5i ojjhhmh, cxaiia
npHHaflJieacaTb flpyrHM.
FIpoHTMTe KpaTKyio 6Horpa$HHecKyio cnpaBKy fl.H.EoHKO-naBjiOBa,
qbHM HMeHeM Ha3BaHa oaHa H3 yjiHU ropoaa Xa6apoBCKa. B 3HUHKJione,UHH
Tpa>KAaHCKOH BOHHbl H BOeHHOH HHTepBeHUHH B CCCP BW y3HaeTe, HTO oh
"yqacTHHK 6oeB no,a BoJiOHaeBKofi", xots Haxoflwica b to Bpeiwa ot Hee 3a cto
KHJioMeTpoB. Ho pent ceroana He 0 /J.H.BoHKO-ITaBJioBe, Haui aonr BcnoMHMTb
o Tex, HbH HMeHa 3a6uTbi.
B oflHOM H3 HOMepoB "THXooKeaHCKoii 3B63flw" 6bma HanenaTaHa 3aMeT-
Ka "Kto oh, BapbiineB?" 06 oahom H3 repoeB BejiKKoft OTenecTBeHHOH bohhh.
TaKOH ace Bonpoc mw Moacein 3aaaBaTb 06 oahom H3 Bbiflawmnxca napTH3aHCKHx

KOMaHflHpOB H KOMaHflHpOB HapOflHO-peBOJItOUJHOHHOH apMHH flBP, OTJlHHaB-

uieMca Heo6bi4aiiHOH xpaSpocTbio npn pa3rpoMe bohck CeMeHOBa b 1918 h 1920
roflax, b 6oax c HHTepBeHTaMH h 6ejiorBapAeHu,aMH b CynancKOH AonHHe b
flpHMopbe B 1919 roay, b 6oax Ha Boctohhom 4>poHTe noa Xa6apoBCKOM b 1920
ro/iy h b nepnofl BojionaeBCKHx 6oeB 1921-1922 roaOB.
Kto nempoe-Temepun!
oh,
Mm 3HaeM, hto bo rjiaBe napTH3aacKoro OTpsaa BMecTe c otp*wom peBO-
jnouHOHHbix bohck H.r.EyjiraKOBa-EejibCKoro oh npHiueji H3 npHMOpba m 16
H)eBpajia 1920 rojia 3aHan ropoa Xa6apoBCK. Fa3eTbi Tor^a coo6ihhjih, hto pe-
BOJirouHOHHbie BoiiCKa BoccTaHOBHJiH HapoflHyto BJiacTb.
Mbi 3HaeM, hto oh 6mji apyweH c CepreeM Ha3o, BMecTe ohh BoeBajiH b
3a6afiKajibe h Ha CynaHe, hto c c^eBpajia^o 5 anpena 1920 ro^a oh 6hji komch-
aaHTOM ropoaa Xa6apoBCKa h hto ero nonyjiapHOCTb h H3BecTH0CTb 6bmn CTOJib
uinpoKH, hto B o(J)HUHanbHbix AOKyMeHTax ero Ha3biBajiH npocTo IleTpoBbiM-
TeTepHHbiM. ,ZJ,awe b npHKa3e Ne 110 ot 1 cJieBpajifl 1922 rona npn HarpawaeHHH
ero opaeHOM KpacHoro 3HaMeHH He yrroMaHyTbi hmh h orneCTBO. ToBapHum 5Ke
Ha3HBajiH ero npocTO OeaopoM.
He 3Haio, mo>kho jih Ha3BaTb IleTpoBa-TeTepHHa KaBanepoiw opaeHa
KpacHoro 3HaMeHH HOMep «Ba b flajibHe-BocroHHofi PecnySiiHKe (nepBbiK nojiy-
hhjj C.M.CepbimeB 8 Hoa6pa 1921 roaa), Tan KaK TeM «e npHKa30M HarpaaojeHbi
6biJiH KOMeHflaHT craHUHH BonoHaesKa BjiaJlHMHp CMHpHOB, IIOMOIUHHK KO-
MaH/iHpa 6-h pOTbi MaKCHM MapKOB a 6oeq 8-h poTbi TeopraH MacHHKOB, ho,
6e3 coMHeHHa, HHTepecHO coflepacaHHe 3Toro npnKa3a. Bot KaK onncaH no^BHr
rieTpoBa-TeTepHHa: "Bo BpeMH 60a Ha ct.Hh 28 aeKa6pa 1921 roxia iipothbhhk
94
oSomeji npaBbiii cJmaHr h yaapHJi co cropoHbi Jlyrosoii. Pe3epBHtie nac™ b na-
KHKe CTpeMHxejibHO crajiH OTCTynaTb b HanpaBneHHH pa3ie3fla Ayp, o6Ha>xaa,
tekhm o6pa30M, Tbm nacrea, pacnojiojKeHHbix Ha no3HUHH. Tob. IleTpoB-
TeTepHH peuiHTenbHMM AeijcTBHeM c 6poHenoe3/iOB 3acTaBnn jiporHyTb npoTHB-
HHKa m oTCTynHTb nofl CHJibHbiM apTHJUiepHHCKHM orHein 6poHenoe3/tOB a tcm
caMbiM cnac nonoaceHHe, h ct.Hh, coBepmeHHO ftohth noTepaHHaa Ana Hac, 6buia
OCTaBJieHa 3a HaMH, h itpothbhhk noHec nepsoe nopa»eHHe 3a bcio onepauHro".
TojIbKO (paKTbl, HHKaKHX BOCTOp>KeHHblX cjiob O My»eCTBe, Xpa6pOCTH,
6e33aBeTHOCTH...
MyxecTBo ITeTpoBa-TeTepHHa cnaaio ot pa3rpoMa nac™ HPA Ha cTaH-
uhh Hh. 3tot 6oh cTaji nepejioMHbiM b cyflb6e BocTOHHoro (ppomra b AeKa6pe
1921 ro#a. HHTepecHO b 3TOH cbjbh BOcnoMHHaHHe H.M. HeBOJiHHa, 6biBinero b
tot MOMeHT KOMaHflHpOM Ocoooro AMypcKoro nojiKa. "He nines flajibHeiiiiiHx
yKa3aHHH h He 3Haa, r\ne HananbHHK rpynnbi IlonoB h fleiiCTBHTenbHoro nojioxce-
HHa b TbiJiy, peinaiocb (KaK 3aMecTHTenb IlonOBa) nocnaTb HaianbHHKy 6poHe-
noesAa tob. IleTpoBy-TeTepHHy pacnopaweHHe no&aepjKaTb orHeM 6pOHenoe3fla
Hauin HacrynaTejibHbie achctbhh. BosBpaTHBuiHHCx aatiOTaHT ITepejibirHH H.
jHOJioTKHji, hto ITIeTpoB-TeTepHH nocbijiaer MeHa k TaKoii-TO MaTepH, 3a«BHB, hto

oh caM 3HaeT, ito eiwy flejiaTb". fleiiCTBHTenbHO, IleTpOB-TeTepHH 3Han, mto ae-
JiaTb.
20 fleKaSpa 1921 roaa KOHHaa rpynna noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM reHepaji-
Mafiopa HHKonaa OaBJioBHHa CaxapOBa Bbiuuia c lora k BojionaeBKe, r^e Haxo-
anjiHCb obs poTbi KapayjibHoro SaTajibOHa. Bejibie noAomjiH k >KeJie3HOH Aopore
h nonbiTajiHCb noa>KeMb moct. B 3tot momcht co CTaHUHH noaBHiica HMnpOBH3H-
poBaHHbifi 6poHenoe3A - Ha nnaT(|iopMax ctohjih Asa MajieHbKHX TaHKa h bcjih

oroHb H3 nyjieMexoB. 3to IleTpoB-TeTepHH npHMeHHJi crojib Heo6biHHbifi npneM.

TeHepaji CaxapOB OTCTynHJi h B03Bpa™jica k ochobhmm cmiaM 6ejionoBCTaHueB,
HaciynaBinHM Ha Xa6apoBCK. Yaap 6enbix b Tbm Xa6apoBCKa He nojiynHjica.
3BaKyauHa H3 ropOAa 6mia oSecneneHa.
Ilpw riaHH^ecKOM oTCTynjieHHM HapoAoapMefiiieB ot BnaAHMHpOBKH, TIo-
KpOBKH, JXeMHeBKH, nocne ocraBJieHHa Xa6apoBCKa 22 aeKa6pa oh bckohhji Ha
6poHenoe3A a pHHyjica HaBCTpeny HacrynaBiUHM uenaM 6enwx, ot6hji hx h no-
tom cMejibiMH peHaaMH no 5Kejre3H0H Aopore k pacnojioaceHHio 6ejibix, HaxoAacb
b apbeprapae, o6ecnenHJi otxoa HapOAoapMeiiHeB ot BonoiaeBKH 6e3 oco6bix
noTepb. TaK h 0Ka3anca Ha HeKOTOpoe Bpeiwa b pojin KOMaHAHpa 6poHenoe3fla.
Ho b npHKaae o HarpaxcAeHHH He cnynaHHO CKa3aHO o "6poHenoe3Aax". IleTpoB-
TeTepnH npHuenHJi k o6bi^iH0My napoB03y nnaT^opMy, ycTaHOBHJi opy^He h ny-
neMeTbi h tcm caMbiM co3fla;i eme oahh 6poHenoe3^, xoTa h BecbMa npuMHTHB-
HblH.
B 3HUHKJioneaHH Tpa>KflaHCKofi bohhm o neTpoBe-TeTepHHe ynoMnHyro
ABawaw. npn onHcaHHH BoJionaeBCKOH onepainni: "napTH3aHCKHe oTpanbi
O.H.rieTpoBa-TeTepHHa h H.n.UIeBHyKa..." h b cxaTbe o Boctohhom 4>poHTe:
"
"njiacTyHCKHfi napTH3aHCKHH OTpaA cD.M.HeTpoBa-TeTepHHa...

95
 B nnacryHCKHH 6axajibOH neTpoBa-TeTepHHa 6hji pe-
fleficTBHTejibHOCTH
ryjiapHofi nacTbio HPA, xoth h co6paHHofi mpa3po3HeHHbix nocne OTCTynjieHHs
noflpa3flejieHHfl, AeficTBOBaBUieH ao 7 <j>eBpajia 1922 roaa Ha ochobhom »ene3-
HOflopo5KHOM HanpaBJieHHH, a 3aTeM 6bui HanpaBJieH b AepeBHio BocroproBKy
(HbineHoBOKypOBKa) Ana bkjuohchhh b cboh cocTaB napTH3aHcicoro OTpsaa
H.n.UIeBHyKa, *rro6bi o6i>eaHHeHHbiMH cHJiaMH naHecrH ynap b tmji BonoqaeB-
ckoh rpynnnpoBKH 6ejibix bo BpeMa nrrypMa.
Ho cefiqac Hac HHTepecyex b nepByio onepeflb He nacrb, KOTOpofi KOMaH-
AOBaii IleTpoB-TeTepHH, a ero hmh.
flHefi He cmojikhct cjiaBa" b onepice "BojionaeBCKHe ahh"
B KHHre "3thx
IleTpoB-TeTepHH Ha3BaH OeAopoM MHxaiijioBHqeM.
B KpaTKOM SHorpac^HHecKOM yKa3aTene "PeBOJnoiwa h rpaxcAaHCKaa boh-
Ha b 3a6aHKam>e", H3AaHHOM b 1989 roay b Hhtc, HanHcaHo: "TeTepHH (FleTpOB)
OeAop AHflpeeBHH (1896-1938) - ynacTHHK I mhpoboh bohhm..." h flanee Kpa-
TeHbKaa cnpaBOHKa 06 yqacroH b TpajKaaHCKoB bohhc 6e3 oco6oh KOHKpeTH3a-
UHH.
KaK OH - AHflpeeBHH!
BHflHM, 3AeCb
IIo paHee H3BecTHbiM MHe cBeaeHHAM, neTpoB-TerepHH yinep b 1923 roAy b
BjiaroBemeHCKe ot MHoroHHCJieHHbix CTapbix paH, nojiyneHHbix b 6oax 3a CoBex-
CKyio BnacTb. H bot 3flecb noieMy-To 1938 roA. HeyxenH h 3aecb nepHaa TeHb
co6hthh Toro nenajibHO n3BecTHoro roAa? HeT, 3Aecb ouiH6Ka. IleTpoB-
TeTepHH, aeficTBHTejibHO yMep b 1923 roay.
Haaeiocb, noHCKH npHHecyT ycnex, h a CMory oAHO3HaqH0 CKa3aTb, kto ace
oh, neTpoB-TeTepHH. H cocraBJiio ero 6Horpa<|)Hio, 6Horpacj>Hio repoa Bonoqa-
eBKH...
HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHaa apMHH 6pana BonoqaeBKy ABaacAbi. IlepBbiH
pa3 5-6 aHBapa, a BTopofi- 10-12 4>eBpajia 1922 roaa. H 06a pa3a b ee b3hthh

ynacTBOBaji Fpueopuu Bacwtbeem Kondpambee, HarpaxcaeHHbift 3a MyacecTBO b

3thx 6oax opacHOM KpacHoro 3HaMeHH.
npH nepBOM B3aTHH BojionaeBKH r. B.KoHApaTbeB KOMaHAOBaji 5 cTpeji-

KOBbiM nonKOM, KOTopbiii noHec HaH6onbuiHe norepH b pe3yjibTaTe oKpyaceHHa

6enonoBcraHqecKHMH qacraMH H3MOTaHHbix b 6oax Oco6oro AMypCKoro nojiKa
nofl KOMaHflofl H.fl.UIaMOHHHa h 5 cnpejiKOBoro nojiKa b aepeBHe h Ha cxaHUHH
BononaeBKa.
Ha BTopofi uixypM r.B.KoHApaTbeB uieji KOMaHAHpoM poTM 3 crpenKOBO-
ro nojiKa. paHeH, ho He ocTaBHJi nojia 60a ao KOHua.
Ebm .

Ilocjie BbBAopOBJieHHa ot paHeHHa oh 6wji Ha3HaneH KoiwaHAHpoM 6

cxpejiKOBoro nojiKa. ripH HacrynneHHH HPA b npHMOpbe oh KOMaHAOBaji npa-
boh kojiohhoh bohck, a JieBOH - CCBocxpeuoB. O C.C.BocTpeuoBe 3HaeT Kaxc-
Abifi, kto xoth 6bi pa3 npOHHTaJi o "iinypMOBbix Honax CnaccKa",
r.B.KoHApaTbeB we - 3a6biT.
B 1926 roAy oh okohhhji BoeHHyio anaAeMHio b Mockbc, rAe npoyqHJica
TpH roAa. B nocjieAyromeM cnyacnn Ha pa3JinHHbix KOMaHAHbix AOJraHocTax. Ho
He MHHyna h ero ropbKaa qama 1937-ro. B ceHTa6pe TpHAuaTb ceAbMOro roAa
96
na^anbHHK uiTa6a 73 crpejiKOBofi ahbh3hh r.B.KoHapaTbeB 6biji apecTOBaH no
o6BHHeHHio b noaroTOBKe BoccTaHHH b Omckoh o6jiacTH. B ceHTa6pe 1939 roAa
npHroBopeH k paccTpeny, ho 5 4>eBpajia 1940 roaa b CBH3H c HeaoKa3aHHOCTbio
o6bhhchhh CMepTHax Ka3Hb OTMeHeHa, h "3a xanaTHOCTb h npeBbimeHHe BnaarH"
oh 6hm npHroBopeH k 6 roaaM jihiiichha CBo6oabi. B 1942 roay ocBo6o>KaeH,
BOccTaHOB/ieH b 3BaHnn nojiKOBHHKa, h c inapTa to ro xe roaa no Man 1946 roaa
nojiKOBHHK r.B.KoHflpaTbeB 6biJi HanajibHHKOM TaKTH^ecKoro uHKJia 2-ro Om-
cKoro nexoraoro yHHJiHiua. Yiwep b Omckc b I960 roay.
Ilo HMeromHMCH y Mena CBeaeHHaM, He Menee ropbicaa ynacTb oxHaaaa h
KOMaHflHpa Oco6oro AMypcKoro nojiKa Bmdtumpa AHamomeewta IJonoea (ao
npn6biTna Ha <j>poHT H.^.ToMHHa KOMaHflOBaBiuero Hhckoh rpynnoK bohck
HPA).
nojiK B.A.IlonoBa, nepe6pomeHHbiH H3 3a6aHKajiba, 21 aeica6pH 1921 ro-
aa npHHAJi 6oii c npeBoexoaamHMH crniaMH oenonoBcraHueB noa Hobo-
tpohukhm, npHKpbiBaa ropoa XaSapoBCK. Chji caepacaTb yaap 6ejibix He XBara-
ao, npnniJiocb oTcrynarb.
IIo6eaa sue noa Hhom BooayiueBHJia HapoaoapMewueB, h 3a HecKOJibico
aHeft, HPA noa pyKO-
HTo6br He aaTb onpaBHTbca 6ejibiM ot nopaxeroia, nacTH
BoacTBOM B.A.IlonoBa noaroTOBHJiHCb k HacrynneHHio h yaa^HO npoBenn ero,
aaxe oBnaaenH BojionaeBKOH h cohkoh HioHb-KapaHH*, ho HeaocraTOK chji h
cpeacTB CKa3ajica Ha kohchhom pe3yabTare, npHinnocb bhobb oTcrrynHTb.
10-12 (JjeBpana nojiK B.A.IlonoBa Hacrynan Ha BononaeBKy cjieBa ot »e-
ne3HOH aopora, h 6aaroaapa yMejioMy Hcnoab30BaHHK> MecTHocTH h TaKTHHe-
ckhx npneMOB b noJiKy nora6no b 3th aHH TOJibico 6 nejioBeK.
26 (JieBpana KOMaHanp Cboahoh ctp&jikoboh 6pHraaw, B3SBiiieH Bojiona-
eBKy, JIkob 3axapoBHH IloKyc 6bia Ha3HaneH KOMaHayromHM Boctohhmm 4>pOH-
tom BMecrro C.M.CepbimeBa, h b aoJiacHocTb KOMaHawpa CBoaHOii crpejiKOBOH
6pHraaw Bcrynmi B.A.IIonOB. Ha3HaneHHe 3TO 6mjio oraioab He oryHaimbiM.
B.A.IlonoB KOManaoBaji 2 AtnypcKOH crpejiKOBOH aHBH3Hefl Ha Boctohho-
3a6aMKajibCKOM (JipoHTe b 1920 roay (oaHOBpeMeHHO sBJiaacb KOMaHayioiUHM
(J>poHTOM), BbiuiH6aBiueH "HHTHHCKyio npoSicy" h 3aHaBiueH ropoa Hmy. B no-
cneayiomeM KOMaHaoBaji 3 AMypcKoft anBH3Heft b 3a6aHKajn>e ao hfojib 1921 ro-
aa, noKa b pe3yabTaTe aeaTejibHocTH B.K.Bawxepa aHBH3Ha He npeBparaaacb b
nojiK.
Pa3yMeeTca, b 3HiiHKJioneaHH TpawaaHCKOH boKhh h bochhoh HHTepBeH-
UHH b CCCP ynoMHHaHHa 0 B.A.rionoBe bh He Hanaere, ho 3axo ,E(.HEohko-
ITaBJiOB Ha3BaH ynacTHMKOM ocBo6oacaeHHa ropoaa Xa6apOBCKa, xora Haxoann-
ca ot Hero b 75 KmioMerpax, b ceae Bbtckom. 3Haio, hto kto-to acaaceT, hto Beab
6bui 5«e HaneT Ha Xa6apoBCK b HOHb c 11 na 12 araapa 1922 roaa noa pyicoBo-
acTBOM BoHKO-IlaBnoBa. J\a., 6bm HaneT, bo BpeMH KOToporo napTH3aHbi noTe-
pajiH 6 HejioBeK y6nTbiMH, 13 njieHHMMH h aBa nyneMeTa, noTepn 6ejibix cocTa-

'
ConKa npaBmibHO HaawBae-rcst HioHb-KapaHH, ho b notyieayiomeM Ha3BaKHe KCKa3HJiH b
HioHb-BCapaHb.-
•>.
3ik. 3480 9 '
 .

AOicyMeHTOB
bhjih 42 (cBeaeHH* B3»th H3 nojuiHHHMx onepaTHBHbix
neJiOBeica
naprasaH, b Xa6apoBCice He 6buio crpoeBbix iac-
Toro BpeMeHH). no csefleHHJiM
xeftho 1 1 flHBapa HaceBCKHH h
Botkhhckhh nexoTHbie hojikh 6mjih OTBeaeHbi b
Xa6apoBCK Ha otamx, o «km ne shojih napxHsanbi. n P n6biTHe b Xa6apoBCK ne-
Sejibie npe^npHHMH Kapa-
xothbix nojiKOB o6ycnoBnno nopaaceHHe napTHsaH.
AMypy, mhiiiih cejio BaxcKoe, 6biBmee 6a 3 oft orpwa
TejibHbiii hoxoa BHH3 no
B03BpaTHJiHCb Ha dppoHT. C
BoflKO-naBJioBa, h, nocwau saflany BbinojiHeHHOii,
3 Toro MOMeHTa EoHKO-rtaBJioB
aKTHBHOcrH He nposBJiaji h b ocBo6o>KfleHHH Xa-
Xa6apoBCK HMen 6onbujoe
6a P 0BCKa He yHacraoBan, ho caM dpaKT HaneTa na
ncHxonornnecKoe 3HaneHHe.
Ha fl.H.bOHKO-
B mok) saaany He bxoaht 6pocHTb K aKyio-JiH6o TeHb
HeBOHbHO npHXOAHTcs tobo-
naBJiOBa, npocro n P H aHaiiHse co6mthh rex flneft

COHOCTaBJieHHH. HtO *e KacaeTC3 HMeHH Boh-

P HTb O TeX HJIH HHHX
Co6bITH*X B
OBHaHe o HeM ace, hto HMeerca b apxHBax, Bpsfl jih
KO-nasjiOBa, to 3Haft xa6a P
noacejiajiH Ha3BaTb ero HMeneM yjiMuy.
6w
oTBJieKUHCb ot paccKa3a
PaccKa3aB HeMHoro o Eoiuco-riaBJiOBe, HeBonbHO
6oes K.A. npojiecKOBCKHii co-
o B.A.nonoBe. Ehbiuhh ynacTHHK BOJionaeBCKHX
o6uahji MHe, hto nonoB 6wji penpeccwpoBaH
h yMep b 1942 rony b TiopbMe. flo-
He AOBepaTb ripojiec-
KyMeHTajibHO 3to mhok) eme He npoBepeHO, ho ocHosaHHft
KOBCKOMy TO»e HeT. .

Ha ynnue CepbimeBa b ropoAe Xa6apoBCKe cwjiaMH KOMCOMOJibueB

6biJi

Hecrb naBuiHX b craHHue KasaKeBHHeBOfl 19 Aeica6pa

BOSABHrHyx naMHTHHK b
1921 roaa H3 OTpaaa, HasbiBaeMoro
KOMMyHHCTHHecKHM, b kotopom 6onbiuHH-
SKCKypcoBOflbi P accKa3biBai0T o
ctbo cocraBJiaJiH komcomojimiw h KOMMyHHcrw.
noflBure OTpaaa, b cMepTejibHoft cxBaTKe
npHKpwBiuero co6oft Xa6apo B CK, Ha-
3bi B aioT HeKOTopbie HMeHa, hbh coxpaHHJia
HCTopHa, ho He ycjibiumTe bu hmchh
- eme OAHoro H3 repoes BojionaesKH, KOMaH-
AjieKcandpa HuKOJiaeeuna Cyufo
AOBaBuiero 4 KaBanepHHCKHM ikwikom, HacTynaBiuHM
npn nocnejmeM urrypMe c
HioHb-KapaHH, a n H samHxe KasaKeBHueBo kom3h-
ceBepo-BocxoKa Ha con K y P
AOBaBinero 6oeBbiM ynacTKOM.
uiTa6a BocroHHoro
CyxHe UHiJppbi m (ipaKTw H3 onepaTHBHofi cboakh
nac 40 MHHyx. Ham OTpaA
dppoHxa CBHfleTeJibCTByiOT, wo "6ofl npoAOJraanca 1
AByMa rpynnaMH. O/jHa, Ha-
BUHyxfleH 6mji OTCTynnTb b cohkh xpe6 Ta Xexiwp
CyH(Jpy, n H6buia b nocenoK Kopca-
cHHTHBaBUiaa 21 lenoseKa, hoa KOMaHaofi P
OTcrynHJia Ha !or k XexuHpy h 6btJia, BepoaxHO,
kobckhh, BTopaa, 22 nejioBeKa,
cBeaeHHH o Heft He nocrynajio. Bo BpeMa 6oa oahh
saxBaneHa b njieH, Tax Ka K
nenco paHeHbi - 6 (bmhuih Ha
6bui TarceJio pa HeH h ocTanca b KasaKeBHieBO,
h paHeHHMH okojio
KpacHyio PeMKy), y6wTO - 4. npoTHBHHK noxepaji ySHTHMH
HejioseKa: 21 6oeu npHuien c
30 qenoBeK. Bcero h 3 orpaAa ocrajiocb b khbwx 54
-
6 - paHeHbix, 7 - 0603HHX, 5 nejiOBeK - sacraBa Ha xyTope, 3 nejioBeKa
CyH(}py,
npoTHBHHKa KOMaHAo-
nocr y saHMKH neuiKOBa, 12 o6MopoaceHHbix. ^acraMH
Baji renepaji CaxapoB".
H3 94 nenoBeK orpaAa ocrajiocb b a<HBbix ronbKO 54.
KaK Hce pa3birpajiacb 3Ta TpareAHa?

A
 Eme 18 aeica6pH KOMaHAHp KOMMyHHCTHHecKoro orpaaa nonpocHJi noa-
KpenjieHHa H3 Xa6apoBcica, eMy nocneflOBan oTsex, hto Ha noMouib hact 4 xaBa-
jiepHHCKHft iiojik (Toraa eine noA KOMaHAosaHHeM ApnoxoBCKoro). Ho hojik

KaK ono3AaJi Bcero Ha HecKOJibKO nacoB 4-h KaBanepHHCKHH ahbh3hoh

ono3flaji, ,

npn6BiBiiiHH b paiiOH 6oeB m

EnaroBemeHCKa h 3aHaBiiiHH Ka3aiceBHHeBo nocne
yxoaa orryAa 6ejibix.

y KOMMyHapoB 6hji acero oph nyjieMeT h KpaflHe Mano naTpoHOB.

B pe3yjTbTaTe 6ecnopaAoqHoii crpejib6bi naTpoHM BCKOpe kohtoiho,.
Tpynna, KOtopyio B03rjiaBJiaji Cynd^y, npopBanacb k Jiecy, a ra, KOTOpaa OTcry-
nana no yxmue cTaHHUH, 6wjia HacrarayTa KaBajiepwcTaMH h onpyxeHa. Tlyjie-
MeTHHK AHaTOJIHH <p0MHH (BOCTOKOB), 110 CBHAeTeJIbCTBy ynaCTHHKa 3TOf0 6oa
B.n.roJiHOHKO, 3acTpejiHJica, hto6bi He nonacTb b pyKM Bpara >khbmm. Rb& ne-
jioBeKa B3opBajiH ce6a rpaHaTaMH. BnaroBemeHCKHH komcomojicu TapTMaH npH-
jiowhji rpaHaTy k rojioBe h B3opBan ee. B rpynne nneHHbix KOMMyHapoB 6mjio 27
HejioBex**, 6ejibie noBejiH 3a co6ofi, KorAa b nojiAeHb BbiuiJiH H3 craHHUbi h
hx
HanpaBHJiHCb nepe3 AniypCKyio npoTOKy Ha EojibinoH YccypHHCKHH oCTpOB. Ha
ocrpoBe okojio npOTOKH Pbi6Ka (HHorAa Ha icapxax OHa noAnHCbiBacrca Cyxaa
Pbi6Ka) njieHHHM npHKa3ajiH pa3AeTbca h pa3yTbca, a nocne 3Toro H3py6Hjm
niauiKaMH. ^epe3 HeKOTopoe BpeMa KpecTbaHe H3 Ka3aKeBHMeBOft OTKonanH H3-
noA CHera 27 TpynoB, npHBe3HH hx b craHHuy h iiojiohchjih b nosKapHbiii capaii,
rAe jiesKajiH tph Tpyna KOMMyHapoB, iiokohhhbiiihx c co6oh. He SbiJio TaM TOJib-
ko rejia AHaTOJIHH MnxaHJioBH*m <DoMHHa (BocroKOBa), ero TaiiHO BCKOpe no-
CJie6oa yBe3na H3 Ka3aKeBHHeBofl ero aceHa JIioAMHJia HBaHOBHa <I>0MHHa h no-
xopoHHJia Ha KJiaA6nme Hcejie3HOAopojKHOH 6oJibHHiibi.
B MapTe 1922 roAa cneuwajibHaa komhccha oCMOTpena Tena norH6uiHX h
COCTaBHJia aKTj H3 KOTOporO BHAH0, KaK 3JK>AeHCKH H3AeBaJIHCb HaA KOMCOMOJIb-
uaMH h KOMMynncTaMH 6ejiorBapAeHHbi.
BoceMHaAUaTb norn6iUHx TopacecTBeHHO noxopoHHJiH 12 iwapxa 1922 roAa
B ropoAe Xa6ap0BCKe b 6paTCKofi Mormie Ha bochhom KJiaA6Hme. OA«HHa-
AuaTb, no HacToaHHK) poAHbix h 6jih3KHX, yBe3eHbi b EjiaroBemeHCK h 19 MapTa
noxopoHeHbi b 6paTCKOH MorHJie Ha nnomaAH HapOAHoro AOMa. Oahh KOMMy-
Hap noxopoHeH TorAa ate b ropOAe Cbo6oahom.
TaK kto ace oh, KOMaHAHp KOMMyHHCTHHecKoro OTpaAa A.H.Cymjjy? Kh-
Taeu no nponcxojKAeHHio, poAHBiiiHiica b AHynHHO, 6bm ycbiHOBJieH EopMOTO-
boh. r"HMHa3HK> okohhhji c cepeSpHHofi MeAanbio, He nojiynnn sojioxyio, no cno-
BaM 3HaBuiHX ero jnoAeft, no BecbMa Kypbe3H0My cjiynaio: Ha 3K3aMeHe bmccto
cnoBa "Aa" CKa3aji "ara". B 1904 roAy okohhhji nexoTHO-apTHJiJiepHHCKHe hhct-
pyKTopcKHe Kypcw. Okohhhji Boctohhmh HHCTHTyT bo BjiaAHBOCTOKe, 3Ha;i He-
CKOJibKo a3biK0B. Ro OeBpanbCKOH peBoniouHH aiyauui b FleTporpaAe b boch-

'
(PaiCTHSeCKM KaB3CKaapOH.
" Ilo CBHae-rejibCTBain B.<t>M^HMOHOBa, ynacTHHKa noxoiia 6ejionoBcraHueB, B njieH nona-
jto 28 HenoBeK. Bejibie notepaJiw 1 nejioBeKa y6nTHM h 12 paHeHWMK.
hom ynpaBJieHHH no cxpOHTeJibcXBy yKpenjieHHH. Hmcji HCCKOJibKO 6oeBbix Ha-

Maa 1920 roAa 6mji Ha3HaneH HanajibHHKOM 3 Ch6hpckoh cxpejncoBofi

5
OTBH3HH b C03flaBaBiueMca HapoaHO-peBOJiiouHOHHofl apMHH. Cny-mnn Ha pa3-
JIHHHblX KOMaHAHblX AOJIJKHOCXflX.
C aHBapa 1922 roAa no 28 Hiojia Toro ace roaa KOMaHAOBaji 4 KaBajiepHH-
CKHM HOJIKOM.
B ceHTa6pe 1922 roja Ha3HaneH HanajibHHKOM 3-ro yiacxKa Hhxhhckoh
mhjihuhh. Hcnojmaji AOJDKHoexb HanaJibHHKa Hhthhckoh mhjihuhh. C Aeica6pa
1922 roaa cny>Knn bo BnaAHBocxoKe b Pa6oHe-KpecxbaHCKoii mhjihuhh, r^e c 1

cJteBpajia Hcnojrasji AOJDKHoexb noMoiuHHKa HananbHHKa

mhjihuhh.
Ilocjie npnew aceHbi b 1925 Tony nepeBeJica b YccypHHCK homoiuhhkom
npotcypopa. YMep b YccypHHCice b 1928 roay.
KaK bhahm, hm« 3Toro MenOBeKa CBH3aHo c repoHHecKoH 6opb6oft 3a yc-

TaHOBJieHHe Cobctckoh BJiacxn Ha flajibHeM Boctokc h yKpenneHnew ee nocne

rpa»«aHCKOH bohhm, a <J)oxorpa<t)Ha AocxoiiHa noMemeHHa b BojionaeBCKHH My-
3eH-naMaTHHK, KoxopbiH pacnojioaceH Ha conice HioHb-KapaHH, Ha3bisaeMOH
HbiHe BojionaeBCKOH...
HanpoHb 3a6biro HcropHKaMH hmh h eme OAHoro ynacXHHKa BononaeB-
ckoh onepauHH - Heana reopzueeuia EymaKoea-EenbCKOZO, 6biBinero HanajibHH-
Ka uiTa6a Cboahoh crpejiKOBOH 6pHraabi.
O HeM mhok) ynoMHHajiocb, hto BMecxe c (DeaopoM riexpoBbiM-
TeTepHHbiM oh ocBo6oamaii ropoA Xa6apoBCK ox bohck aTaMaHa KanMbiKOBa b
cJieBpane 1920 xoAa, ho H3 KpaxKofi HCXopHHecKofl cnpaBKH b 3HUHKJioneAHH
TpaayiaHCKOH bohhm h bochhoh HHxepBeHUHH b CCCP o KajiMMKOBiuHHe mohc-
ho noHaxb oaH03Ha<JHO, hxo Xa6apoBCK ocbo6oahjm napxH3aHbi hoa pyKOBO-
flcxBOM rr.H.BoiiKo-naBnoBa, xoxa napxH3aHbi XaSapoBCKoro ye3fla bouijih
b

ropoA JiHiub 16-18 Mapxa, nepe3 Mecau nocne yxoaa KanMbiKOBa.

now oahhm H3 npHKa30B Cboahoh cxpejiKOBOH 6pnraAbi, a 6oJiee koh-
KpexHo nofl npHKa30M o Hacxyn/ieHHH Ha BojioiaeBKy 12 4>eBpana 1922 rofla, b
rocapxHBe a oSHapyacHn noAnncb ByjiraKOBa-BejibCKoro, croamyio panoM c
noflnncbio JL3.IIoKyca, ho noAnncb KeM-xo 6bma cxapaxenbHO 3axepxa KapaH-
AamoM, h JiHiub npn xmaxejibHOM paccMOTpeHHH moscho 6mjio ycxaHOBHXb 4>a-
MHJIHK).
Oohckh CBeAeHHH o ByjiraKOBe-EejibCKOM aojito He npHHOCHJin ycnexa.
He Morna cKa3axb o HeM HHnero h KauAHAax ncxopHHecKHx HayK H.A.ABfleeBa,
AJiHxejibHHH nepHOA CBoeft pa6oxbi nocBaxHBinaa H3yHeHHio co6mthh xoro ne-
pwoAa h 3amHiuaBiuaa KaHAHAaxcKyK) AHCcepxaunio no rpa*AaHCKOft BOHHe Ha
/JanbHeM Bocxokc
IloMor cjiynaft. FIpeKpacHbiH 3HaxoK ncxopHH mhjihuhh Xa6apOBCKoro
Kpaa AHaxojiHH riaBJioBHi XaflaceBHH, pa6oxaBiUHH AHpeKTopoM Mysea hcto-
pHH mhjihuhh, noKa3aji BbinncKy H3 nooiyxcHoro cnncKa HT.ByjiraKOBa-
BejibCKoro, xpaHamyioca b Hhthhckom o6jiacxHOM rocapxHBe, h c exo
coxjiacna

k ony6jiHKOBaHHK> HenoJiHaa 6HoxpadpHa HejioBeica, Mbe

BnepBbie npeAJiaxaexca
100
r
hm« flOJiacHo 6biTb mthmo flajibHeBOCTOHHHKaMH Hapaay c flpyraMH repoaMH
rpaayiaHCKOH bohhm.
HBaH TeoprHeBHH poamica 24 aHBapa 1 892 roaa b aepeBHe Kpyraa llle-
npoBCKoro ye3aa MuxaiiJioBCKOH bojiocth KypcKOM ry6epHHH, Koropaa HaxoaH-
siacb BecbMa aaneico ot ^ajibHero BocroKa.
B 1914 roay oh okoh^hji 3jiaToyCTOBCKoe cpeaHee MexaHHKo-TexHHHecKoe
yMHJiHine. Ho nepBaa MHpOBaa BOHMa npeaonpeaejimia eMy apyroft nyTb. B 1915
roay oh OKaHHHBaeT Ka3aHCKoe BoeHHoe yiHjrame, h 1 Maa xoro ace roaa 6bm
npOH3BeaeH b npanopmHKH.
CrpoeByio cjiyac6y Haqaji 22 Maa b aonxcHOCTH MJiaauiero ocjwuepa pora,
a iepe3 vpn una Ha3HaneH HanajibHHKOM jiarepa fljia BoeHHOiuieHHbix b cejie Ilec-
qaHKa, pacnojioaceHHOM noa Hhtoh, KOTOpoe HbiHe HHoraa BcnoMHHaioT hcto-
pHKH b CBH3H c apMewcKOH cjiywSoH xaM 6biBiuero pyKOBOflHTena Hauieii crpaHbi
JI.H.BpeacHeBa.
Ho npo6wn H.r.ByjiraKOB-BejibCKHM b necnaHice Heaojiro, 28 hiojib Toro
ace roaa HanpasireH Ha 4>poHT, 28 aBrycTa CTaji aa'bioTaHTOM KOMaHanpa 1 Ch-
6npcicoro nonKa.
7 MapTa 1916 roaa eMy 6wno npHCBoeHO 3B<iHne noanopy^mc. O tom, KaK
oh BoeBan, cBHaeTejibCTByeT tot cjjaicr, hto b anpejie 1916 roaa oh 6mji Ha3HaneH
KOMaHflHpoM 6aTajibOHa, a oiepeflHoe BOHHCKoe 3BaHHe nopynHKa nojiynnn aoc-
poTOO, B aeica6pe 19.16 roaa.
17 HMHa 1917 roaa oh 6bm nepeBeaeH b 29 CTpejiKOBbift hojik, rae cny>KHJi
KOMaHanpoM 6aTanbOHa.
29 HiOHa xaxcejio paHeH h ompaBJieH b tmji. no 22 Hiona 1918 roaa Haxo-
anjica Ha H3JieHeHHH b pa3Hbix rociiHTanax. 3a MyacecTBO oh 6bia HarpaacaeH op-
aeHaMH CTaHHCJiaBa 2-fl h 3-ii CTeneHeB, Ahhbi 3-h h 4-h CTeneHeH, BnaaHMHpa
4-m creneHH.
26 Hfona 1918 roaa oh 6mji Mo6njiH30BaH b apMHio, ho ae3epTHpoBan h
yexajr b Xap6nH, rae Beji HejieranbHyio paSoTy c 26 aeica6pa 1918 roaa no 25 aB-
rycTa 1919 roaa cpean conaaT KOJiMaKOBCKOH apMHH, no pa3HbiM npHHHHaM na-
xoAHBUiHxca b Tbiay.
C 1 ceHTa6pa no 17 Hoa6pa 1919 roaa Ben HejieranbHyio pa6oTy b opraHH-
3auHH nexocnoBauKoro reHepana Tafiabi Paaonbi (PyaojibcJ) Feftaab), H3BecTHoro
cbohm HeyaaMHbiM MaTewoM npOTHB KonnaKa bo BnaaHBOCTOKe.
20 AHBapa 1920 roaa H.r.EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH HanpaBJiaerca b HnKOJibCK-
yccypHHCKHH aa" pyxoBoacTBa BoccraHHeM no cBepaceHHK) KOJinaKOBCKOH BJia-
cth. 26 aHBapa nepeBOpOT coBepuieH. BnacTb nepeaaHa Bochho-
peBOjaoujHOHHOMy EJTa6y, HanajibHHKOM KOToporo craHOBHTca HI. EyjiraKOB-
BenbCKHH. B BbinncKe H3 nocnyacHoro cnncica o aeaTejibHocTH H.I\ EynraKOBa-
BejibCKoro, xpaHameHca b ^hthhckom o6nacTHOM apxHBe, CKa3aHO, vro #ajib-
6ropo HK PKn aeJierHpoBano ero b HHROJibCK-YccypHHCKHH, ho £aab6iopo 06-
pa30BaHo 3 Mapra 1920 roaa h, cneaoBaTenbHO, He Morao HMeTb OTHomeHHa k
BynraKOBy-BejibCKOMy, k TOMy ace oh 6bUi DcepoM. noao6naa 3anHCb, BepoaTHO,

101
CBHfleTejibCTByer o HcenaHHH bjicWhboctokckhx SojisiueBHtcoB 3£iahhm hhcjiom
npnnHcaTt. ce6e tyxue 3acjiyra.
30 XHBapa HBaH TeoprHeBH^ nyTeM neperoBopoB ckjiohhji Ha cropoHy pe-
bojhouhohhi.ix bohck rapHH30H cena Pa3.50Ji1.Horo, h Ha cTopoHy HapojiHOH BJia-

cth nepeuuiH Oco6biii nexoTHWH nojiK, Ophmopckhh aparyHCKHH nojiK, ray-

6HHHaa 6aTapeji h nacxb MHKepoB BoeHHoro apTHJUiepHHCKoro yHmiHma. B tot
ace caMbm aenb, KOMaimya 3Kcne,HHUHOHHbiM OTpHflOM, oh nOBe/i HacrynneHHe

Ha BjiaflHBOCTOK c uejibio CBepjKeHHH b HeM BJiacTH cTaBJiCHHn Ka KoJinaKa reHe-

pajia Po3aHOBa. 31 JiHBapji 1920 ro.na renepaji Po3aHOB 6«KaJi H3 Bjia/jHBocTOKa,
OTpHfl ByjiraKOBa-BejibCKoro Bouieji b ropoa, BJiacrb 6bma nepeaaHa FIpHMop-
ckoh oGjiacTHOH 3eMCKOfi ynpaBe.
3 (peBpana sKCneflHUHOHHbiH OTpa/j, BMCTynHJi Ha ropofl Xa6apoBCK win
cBepaceHHH BJiacTH KajiMbiKOBa. BMecTe c sthm OTpaaoM flBHrajica h OTpa/i Oe-
Aopa IleTpoBa-TeTepHHa, aeHCTBOBaBiuHH no 3Toro b CynaHCKOH aojiHHe.
16 dpeBpajia oTpaa 3aHaji Xa6ap0BCK. BnacTb b ropojje 6buia nepeaaHa Bo-
eHHo-peBOJiioij,HOHHOMy nrra6y, HanajibHHKOM KOToporo Ha3HaHiuiH
H.r.EyjiraKOBa-EejibCKOro.
Hepe3 TpH AHa oh 6hji Ha3HaneH HaHanbHHKOM Xa6apoBCKoro BoeHHoro
A ^epe3 Mecau,, 18 MapTa,
pafioHa c npaBaMH HanajibHHKa OTflejibHofl /jhbh3hh.
Ha3HaneH KOMaHflyiomHM OraejibHOH Xa6apoBCKoH Cobctckoh ahbh3hh h H3-
6paH HJieHOM Xa6apoBCKoro KOMHccapnaTa.
5 anpejia 1920 ro/ja, b momcht BwcrynjieHHa b Xa6ap0BCKe anoHueB, np«-
Han Ha ce6a KOMaHflOBaHHe BofieicaMH a napra3aHaMH, aeficTBOBaBinHMH Ha Xa-
6apoBCKOM djpoHTe. 21 anperui Ha3HaneH KOMaH.ayioiij.HM BOHCicaMH CnaccKO-
Xa6apoBCKoro <J)poHTa.
Pobho nepe3 Mecai;, 21 Maa, corjiacHo aiay comauieHHa Me»my pycCKHMH
h anoHCKHMH BOHcxaMH BoeHHbie flefiCTBHa 6bmH npeKpameHbi.
23 Maa H.r.BynraKOB-BeoibCKHii 6un Ha3HaneH KOManayiomHM BoficKaMH
IIpHMOpCKoro Kpaa h o6jiacTH.
8 HiOHa ewiy 6bm pa3pemeH omycK Ha oahh Mecxu,, h oh e3flHJi b CoBeT-
CKyio Pocchio AJia nocrynJieHHa b BoeHHyio AKajjeMHio, ho B03BpaTHJica o6paT-
HO.
riocjie 3aHaina ropoaa Hhtm HacraMH HapoflHO-peBOJiK>UHOHHOH apMHH
26 OKTaSpa 1920 roaa 6bui Ha3HaneH HaHajibHHKOM rapHH30Ha HHTbi* B Hoa6pe .

3Ty flOJiacHOCTb cflan, h 6bui Ha3HaneH homoluhhrom HHcneicropa nexoTM npH

TjiaBKOMe BCCMH BOOpyxeHHWMH CHJiaMH ^BP. /JOJlXCHOCTb HHcneKTopa COOT-
BeTCTBOBajia hohhthho "3aMecTHTenb KOMaHjryFomero no nexoTe".

B pe3yjifaiaTe napTKflHofi 6opb6bi b HHTe, npw ee ocBo6o:xuieHnn 22 okth6ph, b po.™

KoMaHaymmero aoBcicaMH Hapamoro CoSpaHHa BocTcmoro 3a6aftKajii>a o&baBHJica K.fl.JIyKc,
Ha3HaHHBtunR HaisuibHHKOM rapHH30Ha CHanana Po30Ba, hotom, 24 oKra6pa BPHO HairapoM
Haia^bHHKa uiTa6a y^taypHHCKoro KpecTbaHcKoro oTpswa - KoniapoBa, a iepe3 ntHb - ByjiraKo-
Ba-Be/ibCKoro. HaiajibHHKOM uiTa6a K.5t.HyKc Ha3Hann^ BHtrropa HHKO^aeBHia TaiirapoBa.
ripKKa30M N° 16-13.11.20 r. 3ttxe see sacTH Mhtmhckoto pafioHa, namKHUBUiMecfl JlyKcy, nepe-
jiaji b nofliHHeHHe 2-ii AMypcKofi apMHH, a cainoro JlyKca 28.12.20 r. kcigiioih^h H3 cnwcKOB

apMHH H OTnpaBHJIH B MHHHCTepCTBO npOilOBOJlbCTBHa H TOTOBJIK.

102
 OcxaBaacb b 3TOH aojDKHocxH, 6biJi Ha3HaneH npeaceaaxeneM Mpe3BbiHafi-
HOH CneACTBeHHOH KOMHCCHH no BblSBJieHHK) npHHHH IlJIOXOrO COCTOflHHH Hh-
XHHCKOH »eJie3H0H aOpOrH H yCTpaHCHHK) HX.
B anpejie 1921 roaa Ha ocHOBaHHH ct.37 Ochobhoto 3aKOHa j^BP
(KoHCTHTyuHH) ocBo6o)fcaeH ot cjiyac6bi.
Ho nocne B3axna 6enonoBcraHHecKOH apMHefi ropoaa Xa6apOBCKa, He
HHCJiacb b paaax apMHH, H.r.EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH pemaeT ao6poBOJibueM exaxb
Ha <})poHT. B HHBape 1922 roaa BMecTe c B.K.EjnoxepoM oh npH6wji Ha craHUHio
Hh. B (JieBpane Ha3HaneH HananbHHKOM uiTaSa Cboahoh cxpejiKOBofi SpHraaw,
KOTopofi KOMaHAOBan fl.3.IIoKyc h HacTynaBuien Ha ochobhom HanpasneHHH Ha
BononaeBKy.
H.r.EyjiraKOB-EenbCKHH ocymecxBJiaji opraHH3auHro Bcex MeponpnaraH
no BbinoJiHeHHio rmaHa B3araa BOJionaeBCKHX yKpeimeHHH, ocymecTBJiHJi ynpaB-
jieHHe qacTHMH b 6oax.
B 3tot pa3 oh BxoflHJi b Xa6apoBCK c 3anaaa, ocBo6oacflaa ero ot 6ejio-
rBapaeHueB.
B HioHe 1922 roaa oh nocxynnn Ha cjiy>K6y b HapoaHyio mhjihuiho h Ha-
3HaneH noinoiuHHicoM HHcnexxopa HapoaHoft mhjihhhh 3a6aHKaju.cKofi o6nac-
TH.
H noHTH cpa3y ace 6an HanpaBJien b KOManaHpOBKy Ha KweKHHCKHe 3ojio-
Tbie npHHCKH, rae xhuihhhcctbo aocxHrao Heo6biHafiHbix pa3MepoB, TaM HaBeji
nOpaaOK H B03BpaTMJICfl B HHxy.
B Hoa6pe 1922 roaa HapoaHaa mhjihuhh 6bma npeo6pa30BaHa b Pa6one-
KpecTbflHCKyro mhjihuhio, 3a6aHKajibCKaa o6jiacTb nepeHMeHOBaHa b 3a6aHKajib-
cKyio ry6epHHio. H.r.EyjiraKOB-BejibCKHH Ha3HaieH noMOiUHHKOM HanajibHHKa
mhjihuhh 3a6aHKaJibCKOH ry6epHHH.
14 ceHTa6pa 1922 roaa BpeMeHHO HcnojiHaBUJHM o6a3aHHOCTH IlpaBHTeiib-
CTBeHHoro HHcneKTopa mhjihuhh HaxjiynHH Hanncaji axxecxauHio Ha
H.r.ByjiraKOBa-BejibCKoro, b Koxopoii HaH6onee hojiho h kohkpctho oxapaKxe-
pH30Baji sxoro 3aMeqaxejibHoro nejiOBeica, npHHHMaBiuero camoe aKTHBHoe yna-
crae b 6opb6e 3a ocBo6oacaeHHe ^anbHero Bocxoica ox HHxepBeHTOB h Sejio-
rBapaeiiueB: "HejioBeic chjibhoh bojih, 3HeprHHHbiH h pernHxejibHWH, b aene npo-
smjiaex 6ojibiuyio KHHuwaTHBy h coo6pa3HxejibHocTb, npw bc»koh oScTaHOBKe
xopoiuo opHeHTHpyexca. B o6pameHHH c noa^HHeHHbiMH ryMaHHMH h KOppeicT-
hhh. KaK npocjiyjKHBiiiHH MHoro Jiex Ha BoeHHOii cjiy>K6e Btioime aHCUHnjiHHH-
poBan. ^enoseK yMHwft h pa3BHxofi. OxHocnxca k aeny BHHMaxejibHO h BayM«m-
BO..."
3Ta xapaKxepacxmca HanwcaHa b to BpeMa, Koraa
He 6yaeM 3a6biBaxb, mxo
eiae ne npoHcxoaHJio nepeoueHOK ueHHOcxefi h o moaax cyaHjra no hx aejiaM, a
He no cnoBaM.
Ero cyai>6y b xpHauaTbix roaax npocjieaHTb MHe He yaanocb.
Mbi paccKa3ajiH o cyab6ax HemTOpbix BOJionaeBueB, npHOTKpMJiH oaHy H3
cxpaHHHeK acxopHH Hauiefi poaHOft aanbHeBocxo^HOH 3eMUH, hto6h npowraB-
uihh ee Mor 3aaaTb ce6e Bonpoc: "JHoctohh jih a xex acepxB, Koxopbie npHHecenw
HaniHMH npeatnecxBeHHHKaMH bo hm» BbicmHX naeaiiOB?"

103
 SIkob HeaHoeun Tpstnut^htu
(tepou uau 6audum?)

MHTepec k HcropHH AanbHero BocTOKa y HHTaTeneH-flanbHeBOCTOHHHKOB

Bceiyja 6hjih OCTaerca bmcokhm, h sto Bnojme ecrecTBeHHO, Tax KaK npoeunpo-
BaHHe npouinoro na coBpeMeHHOCTb no3BOJiaeT mho roe oueHHib h noH«Tb b
npoHCXoaamHX co6biraax, KOTOpbie roace - cyTb HcTopna! - h b to ace BpeMa
perpocneKTHBHWH B3rjiaa c npoeunpOBaHHeM coBpeMeHHOCTH Ha HCTopHnecKoe
npouiJioe HepeaKo npHBOflHT k ouihSomhhm BWBoaaM, h ^ejioBeK BbicTynaeT
GBoeo6pa3HbiM cyabefi cy,ne6 Tex, kto jkhji 3a,nojiro ro Hero, xots npH omemce,
cyjKfleHHH He cnoco6eH oxBaTHTb BCex aeTajieH, a acejiaeMoe npeflCTaBJiaeT aeHCT-
BHTeJibHWM, 3a6bisaa pyccKyio norOBOpKy: "Eor hm cyflba!"
CrpeMJieHHe «aTb OAH03HaHHbiH otbct npH oueHKe HcropHHecKHX co6bi-
thh h jnoAefi, npHHHMaBiiiHX b hhx ynacrae, npHHOCHT MHOro Bpeaa HCTOpHHe-
ckoh Hayne.
O npomjioM mw y3HaeM H3 KHHr, cpeacTB Maccosofi HHc{>opMau;HH h Kpaii-
He peaKO - H3 ycr ynacTHHKOB hjih cBHfleTejieH co6wthh, TaK KaK Bpeiwa HeyMO-
jihmo, aocTyn ace k no.miHHHbiM flOKyineHTaM npomnoro KpaiiHe orpaHH^en, m
HHTepnpeTauHa sthx aoKywieHTOB no^nac 3aBHcnT ot cy6i>eKTHBH3Ma Hccireao-
BaTejia-HCTOpHKa.
BecbMa HeoaH03HaHHofi b kctophh Pocchhckoh rpaacaaHCKOH bohhh Ha
,D,ajibHeMBocTOKe aBJiaerca (jmrypa KOManir/iomer-o KpacHoii ApMnefl HHacHero
AMypa ^KOBa HBaHOBHHa TpanHUbma, o aeaTenbHocTH KOToporo nHcann KaK
6ojibiueBHKH, TaK h hx npoTHBHHKH, eme b ABaAUaTbie roflbi H'auiero CTOJieTHa.
HanpaaceHHbiH apaMaTH3M 6opb6bi, no6e.ua napTH3aH Haa 6eJiorBapfleHuaMH h
anOHuaMH, KpOBaBaa npoBOKanna HHTepBeHTOB, coacaceHwe ropo^a HHKOJiaeB-
CKa-Ha-AMype - Bee sto npHBneKaeT BHHinaHHe hctophkob h HccjieflOBarejieH. B
ueHTpe 3thx coShthh 6bm .Hkob HBaHOBHH TpanHUbiH.
06iuen3BecTH0, Koraa inner BOiiHa - jibeTca KpoBb, nocne bohhh - jibioTca
nepHHna! B 6010 name Bcero rn6HyT jiymrme, TaK KaK He npanyTca 3a cnHHM
jxpyrax, a ocTaBiimeca b >khbmx o6ojhhkk npeBpamaioTca b repoeB 6jiaroflapa
OIOB06jiyflHK) H HCKaaceHHK) 4>aKTOB.
HTo6br 6btTb npaBHJibHO noHaTHM HHTaTenaMH, MHe npHfleTca caenaTb
KpaTKoe OTCTyruieHHe...
Ecjih BepHTb b xpnCTHaHCKyio pejiHrmo h oflHOBpervieHHO b coBpeMeHHyio
HayKy, to nonynaeTca napaflOKC, o6bHCHaiomnH MHoroe. HpeflnojiOMCHM, Mbi Bee
noTOMKH AflaMa h Ebh, cneaoBaxejibHO, b o6meM noHHMaHHH - poacTBeHHHKH.
Ho He npocTo poactb6hhhkh, a hotomkh hx CbiHa KaHHa, ySHBUiero CBoero
6paTa ABena, to ecrb Mbi - rotomkh 6paToy6Hiiubi. Ho Beflb reHw coraacHo Ha-
yHHOH TeopHH nepeflaKJTCa b HacjieflCTBO H3 nOKOJieHna b noKOJieHHe?! He 3flecb

jihceKpeT Bcex bohh Ha 3eMJie? Hx HeoTBpaTHMOCTH h yacacHofl npaBflbi?

104
 .

IIocKOJibKy a aTencT, to nocrapaiocb ocBemaTb b cbocm onepice o X.kobc

HBaHOBH^e TpannubiHe HcropHHecKHe co6biTHa h 4>aKTbi 6e3 TeonorHiecKHx
MyflpCTBOBaHHH, yBOa»UJ.HX B CTOpOHy OT aeHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH.
TpaacflaHCKHe bokhm bo Bee BpenieHa o6ycjiOBJiHBajiHCb couHajibHO- nouH-
TH^eCKHMH H 3KOHOMHHCCKHMH npHHHHaMH. Hx 6eCnpHMepHOCTb no )KeCTOKOCTH
H 6ecKOMnpoMHCCHOCTb npeaonpeaeaaiOTca, b nepByro onepeab, TeM, hto Ka>KAaa
H3 cxopoH cHHTaer ce6a npaBoii.
CeroflHH, Koraa b MocKEe Ha« KpeiwuxeM, a b XaSapoBCKe Haa 3AamaeM
6biBuiero KpafiKOMa KnCC pa3BeBaeTca TpexuBeTHoe, KpacHO-CHHe-6ejioe 3Ha-
Mfl,noa KOTOpbiM b PoccHHCKyio rpawaaHCKyio BOHHy 6ejiorBapaeHu,bi pa3Hbix
MacTefl, noaaep>KHBaeMbie HHTepBeHTaMH, cpaacanHCb npOTHB Cobctckoh BJia-
cth, h Koraa MHoroe H3 npouuioro cTapaTtiibHO oSnHBaeTca rpa3bio aaace Hane-
peKOp 3apaB0My CMbicny, nncaTb o KOMaHayiomeM KpacHoii ApMHH aoBOJibHO
cjkokho, ran KaK jiK>6oBt k oaH03HanHbiM OTBeraM noa^ac BbiitHBaeTCa b nocra-
HOBKy BOnpoca: repoii hjih 6aHAHT?
npaxTHHecKH Bee, hto nncajiocb paHee o HeM, - 3to comtajibHwfi 3aica3
npoTHBo6opcTByiomHx chji: 6ejibix hjih KpacHbrx.
TaKOBOH ABnaeTca KHHra C.n.flHenpoBCKoro (BnacoBa) "IIo aojiHHaM h
no B3ropbaM", nojiHaa caMOB03BejiHHHBaHna aBTopa, KJieHMamero aHapxo-
MaKCHMann3M, a 6oJibiueBHKH noKa3anbi HaeaabHbiMH 6opuaMH 3a 6naro Hapo-
aa, npH stom HaH6oJiee xyao>KecTBeHHO h KpacoHHO onncaHH coGbiraa, b koto-
pwx aBTOp HenocpeflCTBeHHo He npHHHMan ynacTna.
TaKOBofi aBJiaeTca h KHura 6eaorBapaeHua wypHanHCTa B.3na, KJiefiMa-
iuero CoBeTCKyio Bnacrb h 6ojibiueBHKOB 3a co>K*:eHHe ropoaa HHKOJiaeBCKa,
paccTpejibi 6enorBapaeHueB h yHHHToiKeHHe KpacHWMH b HmconaescKe anoH-
ckhx HHTepBeHTOB, a 6ejiorBapaeHUbi h anoHUbi noKa3aHbi nyn. jih He c aHrejib-
CKHMH KpblJIbaMH.
HanenaTaHHaa b "IlpHaMypCKHX BeaOMOCTax" 18 h 19 anpena 1991 roaa
CTaTba A.C.CyrypHHa "HH>KHeaMypcKHH flHKTaTop" b ochobhom nocTpoena Ha
MaTepnajiax C.^HenpoBCKoro h B.3na, a TaioKe noBepxHocTHOM H3yneHHH MaTe-
pHanoB cyae6Horo aeJia b Kep6H, Ha ocHOBanHH KOTOporo paccrpeaajiH
il.H.TpanHUbiHa h eme 22 nejiOBeKa, b toh hjih hhoh Mepe 6jth3ko CToaBuinx k
HeMy. ripHneM CyrypHH (a MoaceT 6biTb peaanrop ra3eTbi) onycKaeTca ao npa-
Moro HCKa>KeHHa dpaKTOB. B MaTepnanax aonpoca TpannubiHa HanncaHo: ".H He
oTpHuaio, hto 6hji aHKTaTOpoM h hto h He uieji no npoapaMMe 6ojibuieeuKoe"
(noanepKHyTO mhokj. - F.J1.). Y CyTypHHa HHTaeM: "...hto a 6hji aHKTaTOpoM h
nmo uieji no npozpaMMe 6ojibiueeuKoe"
KoMy Tpe6oBajiocb 3to HCKa>KeHne?
B.3h nHiueT, a CyTypHH nepenncbiBaeT: "B aeHb Moero npne3aa (HK>Hb
1920 r. - r.JI.) CTaji oneBHaueM noTpacatomeii KapTHHbi. Ha 6eper AMypa bw-
SpocHJio BOJiHon Tpyn Monoaofi aceHiUHHbi, Ha BHfl 26-27 neT. K ee pyKaiw h ho-
ra\i 6bmn npHBa3aHbi neTBepo aeTefi. 3Bepn, He »ejiaa pa3JiynaTb MaTb c aeTbMH,
CB33a^H hx BMecTe h 6pocnjiH 12 MapTa b peKy ..."

105
 KapTHHa, aeHCTBHTeiibHO, scyTKaa! Ho Ha Koro h Ha hto OHa paccHHTaHa?
B nepByio onepeab, Ha nyBCTBO npoHHTaBiuero nenoBeKa h He HMeiomero noHH-
thji 06 AMype b paiioHe HHKOJiaeBCKa.
Ecjih xpyn 6pocHJin b MapTe, to ero aojihcho 6bmo yHecra MoryHHM Tene-
HHeM peKH hjih nejoxoAOM, kslk 3to npoH30UUio c paccrpejiHHHbiMH GejiorBap-
aeiicKHMH KOHTppa3BeflHHKaMH h y6HHuaMH napTH3aHCKHx napjiaMeHxepOB. A
TyT npaMO-TaKH acypHaJiHCTCKHH noaapOK peKH B.3ny. 3a neTbipe Mecsua Tpyn
pacnyx h 6wji 6m o6e3o6pa>iceH TaK, hto He nOHflTb, kto sse 6bm b fleftcTBHTejib-
hocth yTonneHHHKOM, a 3h yMyapaerCH aaace B03pacT >KeHiUHHbi onpeaejiHTb .

Kcrara, caM 3% He 3aMena3, cBHAeTenbCTByeT: "XoflHTb pa3peinanocb no

anoHCKHM HeflejibHbiM nponycKaM w
BOCbMH nacoB Benepa. 3a xoowdeHue mook-
ho nonnamumbcsi otannbio (noflnepKHyTO mhoio. - CJl.). Hh oflHOro pycCKOro
<Jmara Her HHrjje. Pocchh 3,n,ecb HeT..." Mojkho npeACTaBHTb, KaKan ynacTb o>kh-
aajia HacejieHHe HHKonaeBCKa h napTH3aH, ecjiH 6bi ohh He ytujiH H3 ropo.ua h He
coBepuiHJm repoHMecKHfi nepexoa no r.EjiaroBemeHcica, npeflBapHTejibHo c>Ker-
iuh 3HaHHTejibHyio nacTb flepesaHHbix ^omob HwKonaeBCKa, hto6m anOHUbi He
MorjiH ZRtch opraHH30BaTb cbok> BoeHHO-MopcKyio 6a3y.
.H He cxaBJiK) CBoeH 3aaaHeH yKa3biBaTb Ha hctohhocth hjih <ipajibCH(|)HKa-

UHio bo MHornx npeflbiflymHx ny6nHKauHHX, npocro xorenocb o6pararb BHHMa-

HHe HHTaTejiH Ha Heo6xoflHMOCTb He HyBCTBeHHoro, a aHanHTHHecKOro BoenpH-
HTHH TeX flaBHHX Co6bITHH.
Ho, xoth h He6jiaroaapHoe 3x0 acjio, Haiw npHaerca eme He pa3 Bee™ penb
06 y6nTbix, TparH3M co6wthh Tex aaBHwx flHeft BbipaacaeTCH, b nepByio onepeflb,
nepe3 3ary6neHHbie hch3hh.
9 hkxiih 1920 roaa, BenepoM, okojio jjBajmaTH Tpex nacoB, b cene Kep6n
(HbiHe nocenoK hmchh nojiHHbi OcHneHKo), pacnojioaceHHOM Ha Tae>KHofi peKe
AMryHb, KOTopaa BnaaaeT b peKy AMyp KHJiOMexpax b era ot HHKonaeBCKa, 6bi-
JTH paCCTpeJIHHbl CeMb HejlOBeK pa3JIHHHOK napTHHHOH npHHEWJiexmOCTH: KOMaH-

ayiouj.HH KpacHofl ApMHefi HHKOJiaeBCKoro OKpyra ,3kob HBaHOBn ii TpanHUbiH

(aHapxHCT, 23 rOfla); HanaJibHHK urraSa apMHH HHHa MnxaHjiOBHa JIe6e,aeBa-
KnauiKO** (3CepKa-MaKCHMajiHCTKa, 21(?) rofl); npejjceflaTejib CaxajTHHCKoro 06-
nacTHoro HcnoJiKOMa Oeaop BacmibeBHH 2Kejre3HH (KOMMyHHcr, 35 jict); KOMaH-
ayiomHH AMryno-TbipcKHM <j)poHTOM Ecjotm BapdponoMeeBH ! CacoB- 1

EecnomaaHbiK (KOMiuyHHCT, 34 ro^a); KOMaH/mp napTH3aHCKoro OTpaaa a ko-

MHecap TpyAa o6:iacTHoro HcnoJiKOMa HBaH KHpbHH0BH4 OueBHnjiH-
IlaBJiyuKHH (aHapxHCT, 33 roaa); HanajibHHK cHa6*eHHsi apMHH MaKap MnxaH-
jiOBHH XapbKOBCKHH (KOMMyHHCT, 37 Jier); nneH napTH3aHCK0ii Hpe3BbiMaHH0H
CJieflCTBeHHOH KOMHCCHH HOCH<|) CHflOpOBHH Tpy6HaHHHOB-KpyHeHbiii
(SecnapTHHHbiH, 64 ro.na).

*
B KHKJKKe B.3na HMeeTca d>oTorpa(J)nji rojioro Tpyna MyaciHHbi oko^o Sepera KaKoro-ro
BoaoeMa, npHBeiKKHaa jyia noiiTBepjtcaeHHsi 3BepcTBa KpacHbix, xoth no jiomKe <yie«oBano 6bi
KanenaTaTb 4>oTorpa(pHio «eHiuHHbt c aexbMM, ecjin 6u OHa HMenacb.
'*
B HeKOTopwx MaTepMartax ee Ha3biBaioT HhhoA FlaBJioBHofi.
106

- — --^a**^— — -*j..t r.itfiAJw*»wiWrH.-^vx^ v.: .^«wrty«iKliwtihrtes--'.-

 B nocjieayromHe ahh 6 bum paccrpejiaHbi ewe 16 nanoBeK, cpe«H hhx 6hjih
KOMaHflHpbl IIOTIKOB H napTH3aHCKHX OTpflflOB, pa6oTHHKH CoBeTCKOH BJiaCTH
CaxanHHCKOH o6JiacTH h npocro croHBiime b tom hjih hhoh Mepe 6jih3ko k
H.H.TpanHUbiHy: E.B.AMypOB-Ko3oaaeB, <J>.B.Ko30.aaeB, M.C. ricuonpHropoB,
M.E.Mop030B, (p.H.ropejioB, A.JI.OaHH6epr, A.C. Ko3huhh, A.H.MBaHOB,
A.H. Bojikob h flpyrne* ohh TaKace npHHaflJiexcajiH k pa3JinHHbiM napraaM hjih
,

6biJiH npocTO 6ecnapTHHHbiMH, ho ekthbho ynacTBOBajiH b napTH3aHCKOM «bh-

*eHHH h BOccTaHOBJieHHH CoBeTCKOH BJiacTH Ha Hhjkhcm AMype.
Kto 6mji cyflbHMH h HcnojiHHTejisiMH npnroBopa?
IIo cyTH cyaos Qbino flBa. Oahh - noJiHTHHecKHH, oh npoxojHJi Ha nap-
thhhoh KOH^epeHUHH b ropone HMKOJibCKe-YccypHHCKOM, r.ae 1 1 hiojis Tpann-
HbiHy BbiHecjiH npnroBop, mo ero 3a H3MeHy Cobctckoh BJiacTH h no /rpyrMM
pa3Horo poaa npHHHHaM cjie/ryeT npeaaTb cyay BoeHHoro Tpn6yHajia (4>aKTH-
kxkh TaKoe nocTaHOBJieHne 03Hanajio paccTpeji, ho TpanHUbiH yxce 6bui pac-
crpejiaH 9 Hiojia, a nocKonbKy b Kep6H 6bma Momnaa pafmocTaHUHa, to bhho-
cHBiiiHe npHroBop JiyKaBHJiH, o6MaHMBaa o6mecTBeHHoe MHeHHe, h TeM caMHM
KaK 6h craHOBHJiHCb Ha« npoHcxoaHBiiiHMH co6biTHHMn), TaKHM o6pa30M npH-
MOpcKHe 6ojibiueBHKH OTMejKeBbiBajiHCb ot Bcero, kto npoHcxoAHjio b Mae 1920
rona b HHKOJiaeBCKe-Ha-AMype - 3to cjiynaH caMOHHHHbix paccTpenoB, OKHraHHe
oTCTynarotuHMH naCTSMH KpacHOH ApMHH ropona, o tom y>Ke bo Becb ronoc
KpHHana MHpoBaa npecca.
BTopofi cya - yronoBHMH, cocroaBiuHHca b Kep6n, no cyTH - cyn JlHHHa,
TaK KaK noflcyflHMbie He hmcjih 3amHTHHKOB, peuieHne npHHHMajiocb npocTbiM
roJiocoBaHHeM TOJinw, Ha6paHH0H H3 HCHTenen cena h pa3JiHHHbix qacTeft, npo-
cTbiM noflHaraeM pyK.
Kto Beji stot cy/r?
Obkhhhhkob - cmh y4)HMCKoro noMemHKa, GbiBEiHH Ha^ajibHHKOM KOJina-
kobckoh noJiHUHH Ha CaxajMHe b 1919 rony, Bopo6beB - po/JtcTBeHHHK paccrpe-
nflHHoro b HHKonaeBCKe 6orana h 6ejioraap;ieHua HeMep3eBa. Ilo3flHee Bopo6b-
eB ySejKaii k anoHuaM b HHKOJiaeBCK Ha yraaHHOM KaTepe, a Obhhhhhkob bw-
exaji b AMepHKy, rae BbinycTHJi Spoiuiopy o co6biTHax 1920 roaa b HHKonaeBCKe.
PyKOBOflHJI CyflOM CaM03BaHHbIH HOBblH PeBUITa6, B KOTOpOM rnaBHyio
pojib nrpan 6biBiHHfi 6eiiorBapfleHCKHH orpuuep-apmwuiepucm Mean Tuxomem
Ahdpeee, nepeiueflmHH Ha cropoHy KpacHbix tojibko nocjie OBJianeHHa hmh Kpe-
nocTH HHHppax b 4>eBpane 1920 roaa (KCTaTH, bxoahji b stot "PeBiiiTa6" H npH-
HCKOBJiaaejieu, npeaceflaTejib KOJinaKOBCKofl 3cmckoh ynpaBbi b Kep6n).
Hto ace KacaeTca nocjieayiomeH cy/J[b6bi AnapeeBa, to MaTepHaxiw Xa6a-
poBCKoro rocapxusa cBimeTejibCTByioT: "... TaM 6hji AHnpeeB. HacKOJibKO a ero
3HaK>, oh He 6 bin KOMMyHHCTOM h He 6yaeT hm. Oh Bnocne,ncTBHH 0Ka3aiica b Jia-
repe anoHues... oh 6bin coo6iuhhkom pa3BeaKH anoHCKHx MacreH".

'
KyjlHKOB-cpenopoB M.fl., Kohctshthhob T.H., MonojmoB K.H., >KMBHbifi VIS., Bypa
B.H., TpaKOB JI.B., JIo6acTOB B.
(OoTorpa<J)Hio H.T.AHflpeeBa h ero xceKbi MHe noaapHJi hx cmh Bhktop
14.10.97 npHe33KaBniHH H3 CIIIA b noHacax poacTBeHHHKOB.)
r.,

PoflCTBeHHHK AHflpeeBa CMbiiujiaeB h yHHBUiHfica c aonepbio AHflpeeBa b

AneKcaHflpoBCKe Ha CaxanuHe CaMoitnoB paccKa3HBajin, hto BCKope nocjie bli-
e3Aa H3 Kep6H b AMypcKyto o6jiacn, H.T.AmjpeeB bhobl OKa3ajica b HHKonaeB-
CKe y anoHueB, a 3aTeM Ha Caxajume b AjieKcaH/ipoBCKe, rae cjiyacHJi y anoHueB h
BMecre c hhmh b 1925 ro,ny Btiexan b ^iiohhio. FIotom nepe.Spanca b MaHbiacy-
pHio, rut h 3aKOHMHJi cboh flHH b 1936 rosy. B nocjieayiomeM ero ceMbe 6buio
pa3pemeHO B03BpaTHTbca b CCCP, ho hto c Heft crano noKa HeH3BecTHO. He hc-
KJiioHeHo, mto 6buia penpeccnpoBaHa, KaK h MHorne apyrne xap6HHUbi, B03Bpa-
THBUlHeCH Ha pOflHHy.
KcraTH, y Cri-^HenpoBCKoro Ha hcckojibkhx crpaHHuax BecbMa apKO
onncaH "cya. aajx TpanHUHHuaMM", o kotopom /jHenpoBCKHH 3Han jramb no pac-
cna3aM h .aoKyMeHTaM, ho bot o cocxaBe cyaa y Hero CBeaeHHH hct, jiHiiib cKa3a-
ho o "HapoflHtix npeacTaBMTejiflx b KOJinnecTBe 103-x". Kto bxoahji b mhcjio cTa
Tpex? Bailee 450 napTH3aH 6buio apecroBaHO MjrrexcHHKaMH, BoccraBiiiHMH npo-
thb PeBiiiTa6a*. Mstokhhkh b nepByro OMepe^t apecTOBariH Bcex, kto npoaenan
c TpanHUbiHbiM noxofl ot cejia AHacTacbeBKa ao HnKOJiaeBCKa h BoeBau c hhm b
OTpaae b caMbie cjio>KHbie momchtw KajiMbiKOBiiiHHbi. TaKHM o6pa30M, cyabH
BbiSHpajiHCb H3 cpeflbi 6biBiEHX 6ejiorBapaeHueB, b curry o6cToaTejibCTB nepe-
riiefliiiHX Ha CTopoHy KpacHbix, h H3 mcna. Tex, kto b toh hjih hhoh Mepe nocTpa-
aaji b xofle rpaacflaHCKOH bohhh. EcrecTBeHHO, MHOrne H3 hhx 3KejiajiH CMep™
TpanHUMHa h 6oajiHCb ero OKpyaceHHa.
nocjie nepBoro paccrpejia "cya 103-x" pa36e>Kajica. MaTe>KHHKaM npH-
mjiocb co3aaBaTb TpH6yHaji, cocraB KOTOporo MeHanca.
Xa6apoBHaHHH B.r.CMOJiaK, H3y iiaBuiHH co6mthh rpaKflaHCKofi bohhh
Ha Hn>KHeM AMype, b o^hom H3 cbohx BMCTynjieHHH npeanojioacHn, hto AHflpeeB
h Apyrae c hhm 6bmn nepe6pomeHbi opraHaMH Omy
b cTaH Bpara h aBJiajiwcb
pa3BeflHHKaMH, ho hh aoKyMeHTOB, hh (JraKTOB TaKOBofi aeaTejibHoc™, pa3yMe-
eTCa, npHBecTH He cmot, xots aocTyn k apxHBaM ecTb.
2 Hoa6pa 1919 ro^a na coBemaHHH npeaCTaBHTeneH MejiKHX napTn3aHCKnx
OTpajiOB, ocTaBuiHxca nocjie pa3rpoMa KaJiMbiKOBuaMii h KHTepBeHTaMH, h He-
CKOJibKHX cnynafiHO cnacuiHxca npeacTaBHTejiefi SbiBiuero no.nno.ribs b ceire AHa-
CTacbeBKa Xa6apoBCKoro ye3aa KoopaMHauHH fleficTBHH 6mji H36paH BoeH-
jyist

peBiiiTa6 bo rnaBe c ^eMbflHOin MBaHOBMHeM BoHKO-naBJioBWM. Ekibumh uien

3Toro uiTa6a, 0TBe iiaBiunH 3a HfleojiorHHecKyio pa6oTy cpeflH napTH3aH, b no-
cjieflyromeM mhhhctp b ^ajibHe-BocTOHHOH Pecny6jiHKe M.C.BeccoHOB b nHCbMe
k H.H.npH6biJioBy (KonHH b MoeM jihhhom apxHBe HMeeTca) nncari: "B OTHome-
hhh EoHKo-IlaBJiOBa Mory CKa3aTb cjieayiornee. Ecjih 6bi He moh aoBepHHBOCTb,
oh b Haqane Hoa6pa 1919 roaa He 6bm 6bi H36paH npeaceaaTejieM uiTa6a. B 3tom
noBHHeH TOJibKo a. Beab npoTHB KaiiHWTypbi 6bum qeTbipe njieHa mTa6a H3

'
K cyay Quito npHRneieHO 133 'te^oBeKa. H3 hhx 23 paccTpejiano, 33 ocy>KaeHhi k tkj-
peMHOMy 50 ocBo6oa«eHO no cyay h 27 nun thk u He 6biJiH paccMOTpeHbi.
3aiciiio<ieHHio,
108
ceMH, h raKOH yMHWH h repOHieCKHH KOMaHAHp (H3 HHcna neTtipex KOMaHflH-
pos), KaK TpatiHUHH". Bo MHorax HCTOHHHKax 3to coBemaHHe Ha3HBaK>T o6i>e-
JHHeHHOH napTH3aHCKO-napTHHH0H KOHC[)epeHUHeH, XOT» HHCJTO yHaCTHHKOB H
OT KEKHX napTHH He Ha3bIBaiOT.
Ecte b tom nHCBMe h TaKHe cnoBa: "B otholuchhh EoHKo-IIaB^OBa MOry
cKa3aTb cneayiomee: Koraa a no3HaK0MHJica c ero CTaTbaMH, to ygeAituca, hto
Taxoro Jiaceua He BCxpeHan eme b cBoefi hch3HH. 5\. Karocb, hto aobcphhbo otho-
cHJica paHtuie k HeMy. Ilo CBoeft HaHBHOcra a noBepHJi aa>Ke, hto oh Bbicrpejimi
b MeHa HenaaHHO, h TeM cnac ero ot KpynHbix HenpHaTHOCTen. noBeaeHHe Eoh-
KO-IIaBJioBa nepeA 40-fit roAOBinHHoK noKcmajio, hto b cbohx kopmcthhx uejiax
oh cnoco6eH Ha Bee..."
ripHBeaeHHaa xapaKTepncraKa EoHKO-IlaBJioBa, BepoaTHO, MHoraM no-
MoaceT noHaTb, noneMy tot cTapanca H36aBHTbca ot TpanHiibwa h 6e3 coniacna
PeBuiTa6a pa3peuiHJi einy y8™ H3 AHacracbeBKH bo niaBe OTpa^a b 19 He^oseK.
Jlynuie OHa noMoaceT nonaTb h jihhhoctb .JI.RTpanHUbiHa.
3aBepuiHB no cnncKy nepeKJiHHKy napTH3aH nepeA BwcrynjieHHeM H3 cejia,
TpanHUWH CKa3an: "CeroAHa Mbi HanHHaeM noxoA no Ainypy, HMea uejibio boc-
CTaHOBJieHHe Cobctckoh BJiacTH. Bnepea, 3a BJiacrb Cobbtob!" Pa3yineeTca, hh-
kto He 3Hajj, KaK 6y#eT npoxoAHTb 3tot 3hmhhh noxoA h neM oh 3aKOHHHTca. B
OTpaae b ochobhom 6hjih KpecrbaHe H3 cen MaTBeeBKa, KHfl3e-BojiKOHCKoe h
napTH3aHbi, npHinefluiHe c TpanHUbiHWM h3 npHMopba.
CBeaeHHa o npeflbiaymefi >kh3hh JlKOBa HBaHOBHHa noKa AQBOJibHO CKya-
hbi, ho ohh b uejioM flaroT npeACrraBJieHHe, hto npHBeno ero b peBOJuouwo h bh-

ABHHyjio Ha nepeflHHH nnaH 6opb6bi.

oh B 1898 roay, chh peMecneHHHKa-KOJKeBHHKa H3 BenHKoro Yc-
PoflHJica
Tiora. Bo BpeMa nepBofi MHpOBofl bohhw BonbHOonpeAejiaiomHMca nouieji Ha
4>poHT, 6mji npon3BeaeH b npanopwHKH, HarpaaweH AByMa TeopraeBCKHMH xpe-
craMH. B 0KTa6pbCKHe ahh 1917 roAa KeKcrojibMCKHfi jieH6-rBapAeficKHH nojiK,
b kotopom cnyacHJi TpanwubiH, BwcTynHJi Ha crropoHe 6onbiiieBHKOB. riocne Ok-
Ts6pbCKofi peBoniouHH TpanHUbiH BcrynHJi b KpacHyio TBapflHio, ynacTBOBaji b
noflaBJieHHH CaMapcKoro MaTexca b 1918 rc>Ay. B HpKyrcKe 6wn apecTOBaH 6e-
jibiMH. Eeacaji H3 TiopbMbi. IlpH6biJi b IlpHMopbe, rae HeKOTopoe BpeMa 6hji
npocTbiM 6ohuom b OTpajie r.M.IIIeBHeHKo. H3-3a pa3HornacHH b Bonpocax
napTH3aHCKoro ABHDKeHna bo rnase He6oJibiuoro orpaaa nepeSpanca b paftoH
MMaHa, h 3aTeM oTpaa nepeuien b Xa6apoBCKHH ye3A- JTeTOM 1919 roaa okojio
30 HeJiOBeK noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM TpanHUbiHa AeiicTBOBajiH b paiioHe cTaHUHH
KpyniHKOBO h BepHHo YccypHHCKOH acejie3H0H AoporH. OraHHanca peuiHTejib-

HocTbio h 6eccTpaoiHeM.
Ehbihhh ceKperapb oahoto H3 TpHGyHanoB, cyAHBUiHx napTH3aH-
TpanHUbiHueB, IIthumh Aan BecbMa oSieKTHBHyro xapaKTepucTHKy ^KOBy HBa-
HOBHHy. Ilo ero cjiOBaM, TpanHAMH 6hji BbicoKoro pocra, xopomero cnoaceHHa,
BecbMa npHBneKaxejibHOH HapyacHocra, c cepbe3HWM 3HeprHHHbiM jihuom h ce-
pbiMH npoH3HTenbHHMH rjia3aMH, MarKOH, pacnojiararomeft yjibi6KOH. Bbicxynan
oh HenacTO, ho KOHKpeTHO. ypaBHOBeuieH. 06^aAan 6ojibuiHM yMOM.
109
 BpaT H.A.EyapHHa, paccnpejuiHHoro b HnKOJiaeecKe, npH BCeni ero OTpn-
uare^bHOM othouichhh k TpanHUbmy npn3HaBaji, hto aBxopHTeT Toro cpeaH
napTH3aH 6bm orpoMHbiH.
B 2 naca hohh 10 noa6pa H3 cena BaTCKoro, bchommh TpanHUbiHbiM, bw-
CTynHJi OTpa# y»e b KOJiHHecTBe 35 HejiOBeK (chhcok HMeerca b MoeM jihhhom
apxHBe). Tax Hanajica noxoa bhh3 no AMypy. riap™3aHCKoe ABH>KeHHe pa3ropa-
nocb, Kpenjio, h k HnKonaeBCKy-Ha-AMype, 3anaTOMy 6e;ibiMH h hx xo3aesaMH -
j

anoHCKHMH HHTepBeHraMH, c 6osmh noflouijia Kpacnaa ApMHa b cocrraBe 5 iioji-

kob nofl KOMaHflOBaHHeM TpanimbiHa.
Ho paccKaaceM HecKOJibKO noapoGHee 06 stom abhjkchhh, k TOMy ace bo
mhothx nySjiHKauHax o rpaxmaHCKoii soiiHe Ha Ainype ocHOBHoe BHHMaKHe yAe-
jianocb nojiHTHHecKOMy acneicry, a He BoeHHOiny, no3TOMy nocxapaeMca bociioji-
HHTb 3TOT npo6en.
B cene MajiMbi* npoH30UiJia BcrpeMa OTpaaoB fl.H.Tpairau.biHa h
r.C.MH3HHa. OTpaa xoTa n Ha3biBajica mh3Hhckhm (HHoraa ero Ha3biBajiH Mop-
CKHM HJIH CHHAHHCKHM), HO B TOT MOMeHT OTpaflOM KOMaHflOBajI He MH3HH, a
H.K.OuteBHJiJiH-rEaBJiyuKHH. nocjie toto k&k KapaTejiH cojktjih cejio Cmma,
napxn3aHbi nepeH36pajiH MraHHa 3a to, hto oh He npoTHBOfleHCTBOBan xapaTe-
jiaM b MOMeHT hx HanafleHHfl h xo3HHHHHaHba b Cmiae, oTKyaa poaom 6bUiH
MHorae napTH3aHbi H3 OTpa^a. KajiMbiKOBUM xorfla y6HJiH cenbCKoro crrapocry
Tpn(})OHa BauiKOBua h cxapHKa PbiKa, oTua oflHoro H3 napTH3aH.
TeM He MeHee Mtohh craji 3aMecTHTejieM TpariHUbma, eMy 6buio nopyne-
ho opraHH30BbiBaTt napTmaHCKyio 6a3y b paSoHe MajiMbiwa.
ITpH flBHxceHHH napTH3aH KOJinaKOBCKaa mhjihuhh pa36eranacb. B craHHue
KHcejieBKe6bmo okojio cothh Ka3aK0B. Hto6m H36e*caTb KpoBonpojiHTHa, 22
Hoa6pa fl.H.TpanHUbiH jihhho, b conpoBoacaeKHH oflHoro napra3aHa OTnpaBHJi-
ca b craHHuy, rae BcrrpeTHJica co craHHHHbiM aTaiwaHOM h npeAJio*HJi eMy caaTb
cTaHHuy 6e3 6oa, rapaHTHpya *H3Hb h 6e3onacHOCTb BceM caaBiiiHM opy>Kne.
Ka3aKH npeanoHJiH cSeacaTb. BcneA 6mji HanpasjieH OTpaa jimjkhhkob, kotopwh
narnaji oTcrynHBUiHX Ka3aKOB, 3aBa3ajiacb nepecxpejiica, b KOTopoft 6mjio y6HTO
HecKOJibKO nenoBeK. IlpHMeHeHHe MaHeBpeHHbix, noABHJKHbix OTpaAOB jimxchh-
kob napTH3aHaMH IlpHaMypba 6buio CBoeo6pa3HbiM BKjiaAOM b BoeHHoe HCKyc-
CTBO.
23 Hoa6pa napTH3aHbi 3aH3JiH CyxaHOBKy h L^HMMepMaHOBKy. (B asrycTe
1992 roaa HaaieAHHK TOproBqa a pbi6onpoMbnmieHHHKa UwMMepMaHa co CBoefl
ceMbefi no6biBaji b stom cene, 3aTeM noceTHji BnaaHBocTOK, rae nonbiTanca
npe.zi'bHBHTb cboh npaBa Ha BJiaAemie 3aaHHeM 06mecTBa H3yneHHa FIpHaMyp-
CKoro Kpaa. TaM a h BCTpeTHJi ero.) 26 Hos6pa KOHHaa rpynna napra3aH b paii-
OHe nOHTOBoro craHKa Elyjibca nonana b 3acaay 6enoro OTpaaa LJyKaHOBa, no-
TepaB oahoto HenoBeKa ySmthm h oahoto paHeHbiM, napTH3aHH OTOuinw b
UHMMepMaHOBKy. Pa3BeaKOH 6bmo ycTaHOBJieHo, ito HacxynaeT OTpaa 6ejibix
chjioh so 120 uiTbiKOB npH 3 nyneMeTax. Y napTH3aH b sto BpeMa 6bmo yace
okojio 160 nejioBeK. CTapuiHM b 3to BpeMa b oxpa^e OKa3anca fl.C.Ey3HH-BnH, b

110
nponiJioM yHHTejii. h npanopmHK BpcMCH mhpoboh bohhm*. fleno b tom, hto
TpannubiH, peuiHB noflHaTb Ha BoopyaKeHHyro 6opb6y npHHCKaTeneii, bo rnase 7
napTiwaH flBHHyjica Ha ceBep b paKoH nHJibflo-JlHMypHficKHx npMHCKOB, Haiue-
peBaacb BbiHTH BHOBb Ha AMyp flaneKO B Tbmy 6ejibix.

fl.C.By3HH-BHM IlOflrOTOBHJl o60pOHy LjHMMepMaHOBKH. EblJIH OTpWTbl

cHeacHbie oKonw, b creHax a\i6apoB h capaeB npoaenaHbi 6ohhhum, ycmieHa
pa3Be£Ka h cTOpoaceBoe oxpaneHHe.
B hohi. c 7 Ha 8 Aeica6pa 6ejiwe axaKOBaiiH UHMMepMaHOBicy, ho yaana
6wjia Ha CTopOHe KpacHbix. Mctkhm orHeM KpacHbie crrpejiKH BbmejiH va cTpoa
nyneMeTHbie pacneTbi 6ejibix. nopyiHK TonapeB, KOMaHflOBaBuiHH OTpaaoM 6e-

jihx, 6hjipaHeH b Hory h aaji KOManay OTcrynaTb. B 6010 Senbie noxepajiH y6a-
TbiMH 3 o<})HH,epa, 40 conaaT, Ha none 6oa ocraiiHCb 25 paHenwx, KOTOpbie nocne
Bbi3flopoBJieHHa BcrynHJiH b napTH3aHCKHe ^acTH.
KpacHbie noTepajiH y6HTHMH 3 hcjiobck: flpKHHa, TIJiexHeBa h KHTaima
Jlro-Uan (BaHio). PaHeHo 6mjio 4 nejiOBeKa. B KaiecxBe xpo$eeB KpacHbiM .noc-
TaxtHCb ABa nyjieineTa "MaKCHM" h HecKOJibKO .aecaxKOB bhhxobok, HeacojibKO
caHHbix ynpasKeK c npanoBOJibCTBHeM, naxpoHaMH h rpaHaTaMH.
EeacaBEime 6enbie ocraHOBHJiHCb b c&ne Co(J>hhckom, trc coeaHHHJiHCb c
KnceneBCKHMH Ka3aicaMH h 6enoMHJiHiieHCKHM oxpaiiOM-
Hepe3 Tpn aHa nocne I^HMMepinaHOBCKoro 6oa b oipaa By3HHa-BHHa
BJiH/ica OTpa« 6biBiuero KanHTaHa uapCKOH apwrnn KOMMyHHcra T.H.HayMOBa-

MeflBeaa b KOJiHHecTBe 80 nenoBeK. B nocjieayromeM Hay mob craHeT HanajibHH-

kom urra6a KpacHOH ApinHH HwKOJiaeBCKoro onpyra h CKOHHaexca ot pan, no-
jiyneHHbix b 6ok> c anoHu,aMn 12 MapTa.
IlapTH3aHbi npoflBHHynHCb jxo KariHHOBKH, rae b OTpsa BCTynnn CKpbi-
BaBiiiHMcaTaM aKXHBHbw ynacTHHK noAaBneHHa b 1918 rosy TaMOBCKoro 6eno-
Ka3anbero MHTexca, KOManmnp KpacHofi TBap^HH ropoaa EnaroBemeHCKa kom-
MyHHCT A.M.KoMapOB, BCKope cxaBuiHH KOMaHflHpoM nonKa, a nocne 3aHaxna
HHKOiraeBCKa - HanaiibHHKOM ero rapHH30Ha. Hmchho KoMapOBy npH,nexcH op-
raHHiOBbiBaTb OTpaaceHHe anOHCKoro BbicxyrmeHHa 12 MapTa 1920 roaa. B no-
cnenyiomeM, npH oxcTyrmeHHH KpacHbix H3 HHKOJiaeBCKa, oh Ha OpcKHX npHHc-
Kax 3acTpejiHT cboio »eHy h 3acTpenHXca caM.
HaiaJibHHK HHKOJiaeBCKoro rapHH30Ha nonKOBHHK MeflBeaeB, y3HaB o
pa3rpoMe oxpaaa ToKapeBa, Mo6HJin30Baji y HaceneHHa noflBOflbi, nocanun b hhx
okojio 200 cojiAaT, o<}>HuepoB h jxo 30 nenoBeK flo6poBOJibueB H3 HHCJia mccxhoh
6ypwya3HH h Bwcjian 3xox oxpafl bo raaBe c iiojikobhhkom M.H.Bhucm Ha ycH-
neHHe 6enwx. HBaH Bhu peniHJi 3aicpennTbCH b cejie MapHHHCKOM, H36paB ero
MecxoM cocpeaoToneHHa Bcex SejiorBapaeiiCKHX chji.

'
il.C.ByaKH-BHM paSoraji yHHTejieM b HaHaiicKOM cejie HafixHH, c npnxoAOM napTH3aH
Bcrynw^ B orpjia.
 -H.H.Tpjmnm>iH, 3aDcpLUHB TaacejibiH TaeacHbiii iioxoa, 3aHan cejio Eoro-
poflCKoe OTpaaoM CBwuie 100 HenOBeK*. B paAM nap-nmH ycHJiHJica npHTOK ao6-
pOBOJibueB, napTH3aHCKaa apMHa poena.
FIOJIKOBHHK BHIl CO CBOHM BOHCKOM OKa3aJICa OTpe3aHHMM OT HHKOJiaeB-
CKa.
IlocjiaHHbiii H3 c.BoroponcKoro no HanpaBJieHHio k HnKOJiaescKy AJia
pa3BeaKH orpaA HjibH HrHaTbeBHHa Kouy6bi-Eop30Ba (yMep b 1969 r.) y
c.CycaHHHO 3axBaraJi 0603 c npoAOBOJibCTBKeM, uiefluiHH k nojiKOBHHKy BHijy b
MapHHHCKoe. Pa3BeAHHKaMH 6mjio TaKace ycraHOBJieHO, hto b noAKpenjieHHe
nojiKOBHHKy Bauy H3 HHKOJiaeBCKa Bbiuieji oTpaA 6enbix. Toraa peiUHJiH ycH-
nocnaB k Heniy oTpaa jibiaKHHKOB noA KOMaHAoft
jiHTb OTpafl Kouy6bi-Eop30Ba,
AHaTOJiHA OoMHHa-BoCTOKOBa (b nocneayioweM oh norH6Her 19 AeKa6pa 1921
roaa b Ka3aiceBHHeBo npH pa3rpoMe 6ejiMMH KOMMyHHCTHqecKoro OTpjma). Y
cena MaxaneBo naprcoaHbi BCTpenuiH 6enbix. B kopotkoh cxBaTKe nacn, OTpaga
6bma nepe6MTa, MHorae caajiHCb b tuieH h nepeniJiH Ha cropoHy napTroaH.
Kouy6a h Oomhh, He Bcrpenaa Ha nyrn npoTHBHHKa, bmljjih Ha 6jih5khhc
noAcrynbi k HHKOJiaeBCKy, 3aHaB c./JeHHcoBKa b 30 KHiioMeTpax ot ropofla.
BnoBb, hto6w H36e>KaTb KpoBonponHTHa, JLH.TpanHU.biH b conpoBoacAe-
huh nnuib oflHoro napTH3aHa orapaBJiaeTca b pacnonoaceHHe 6enbix, MapHHHcx,
AJia BeaeHHa neperoBopoB. PasyMeerca, noaBnemie KOMaHflyromero napra3aH
HMejio cHJibHOe ncHxonorHHecKoe B03AeHCTBHe Ha ocjmuepoB h cojiflar. Ilo-
cKOJibKy b oTpaae BHua 6bino 3HaHHTenbHoe hhcjio HacmibHO Mo6Hnn30BaHHbix
h k TOMy ace 6ejibie 3HajiH, hto napTraaHbi He paccrpejiHBaioT njieHHbix, b oTpaae
Hanajiocb 6poaceHne.
TpanHUbiH nepeaan 6ejiwM rracbMa h poxmecTBeHCKHe noaapKH ot poflCT-
BeHHHKOB H3 HHKOJiaeBCKa, 3axBaHeHHbie OTpaaoM Kouy6ti. 3to noATBepAHJio
cnoBa napnaMeHTepa 06 OKpyaceHHH. Ha npeAJioaceHHe CAaTbca itojikobhhk Bhu
OTBeTHJi 0TKa30M, ho, noHHMaa, hto pacnojiaraer MeHbuiHMH CHJiaMH h He oneHb
HaaeacHbiMH coAAaTaMH, OTflajr npHKa3 06 OTCTynjieiiHH b 6yxTy /fc-KacrpH
(Hbme 3ajiHB ^HxaneBa), nocKOJibKy ny-n. Ha HHKonaeBCK 6hin OTpe3aH.
npnKa3 6biJi BbinojiHeH jiHHib nacTbio ocJwuepoB h cojmaT, ocHOBHaa Mac-
ca Boccrajia h nepeuina na cTopOHy napTH3aH; KucejieBCKwe Ka3aKH Toace Boccra-
jih, y6HB CBoero aTaniana, nbiraBmeroca 3acTaBHTb Ka3aKOB BbinojiHHTb npHKa3

nojiKOBHHKa Bnua.
B paaw napTH3aH Bnmiocb OKono 200 HenoBeK. H3 hhx 6biJin afcopMHpo-
BaHbl flBe pOTbl, KOMaHAOBaTb OAHOH H3 HHX 6bIJI Ha3HaneH 6bIBIUHH KOMaHAHp
He6ojibuioro napTH3aHCKoro oTpaAa aHapxHCT JleoAapcKHH-OcnnOB, cbirpaB-
uiHH b nocjieAyiomHX co6biTHax 3JioBemyio pojib.
C nojiKOBHHKOM BnueM ymjiH 57 HejiOBeK, b tom hhcjic 1 1 odrauepOB h He-
CKOJibKo AoSpoBOJibueB H3 HHCJia MecTHbix 6oraTeeB: Jlopn, KancaH, EpeMKHH.
rioA KOMaHAOBaHHeM acHTena cena ManMbiac oxoTHHKa fleraca j^MHTpHe-
BHHa HBHHa, cbo6oaho BJiaAeBinero HaHaflcKHM h yjibHCKHM a3HKaMH, b noroHio

*
B HeKOTopwx KCTOKHHicax qHtyieHHOCTb OTpsiaa yKa3biBaeTca cBbitue 200 qejioBeic.
112
3a BnueM 6mji nocnan jimhchmh oxpaA, b ochobhom cocxoaBEiHH H3 HaHaimeB M
yjiBHeii. Ha 03epe Kh3h floraajiH oxcxaBiuero o(})Huepa MBaHOBCKoro, Koxopwft b

nepecTpeJTKe 6hji ySnx. OxpaA 6ejiorBapAefiueB Aoraaxb He yaanoct.. Oh 6naro-

nonyHHO AOCXHr /Je-KacxpH h Ha nonyocrpoBe Knocxep-KaMn pa3MecxHJica b
KaMeHHbix CTpoeHHflx Maaxa, rae cMoxpnxejieM 6mji KanHxaH H.H.Oboaob O .

cy#b6e axoro oxpaAa 6yAex paccica3aHO hhhcc

Chjih napTH3aH aocxhi-jih 1300 nejiOBeK. OxAejibHbie oxpHAH 6hjih CBeae-
Hbi b flBa nojiKa. Oahhm cTan KOMaHAOBaxb ,TJ.C.Ey3HH-EHH, a BTopbiM Thxoh
MBaHOBHH HayMOB-MeflBeAb. KpoMe sxhx hojikob 6bmn co3flaHM ABe KOMaHAH
nbi»HHKOB, H.H.Kouy6w-Bop30Ba h AHaxoma <E>oMHHa-BocxoKOBa. KaBajie-
PHhckhm 3CKaapoHOM craji KOMaHAOBaTb Ceprefl BpoBHeHKO, xcHxenb cena Khh-
3e-BonKOHCKoe ro-noA Xa6apoBCKa (b nocneAyiomeM oh yTOHyn b peice Cmhtkc
HenoAaneKy ot Kep6H). KOMaHAOBaTb oTAenbHOH HHxepHauHOHajibHOH poxoii,
cocxoameft H3 KopeftueB h KHxaftueB, 6bm Ha3HaneH ropoAHJioB-rpOMo6oH.
KpoMe roro, 6buiH co3AaHbi BcnoMoraxejibHbie Hacxw: cba3h, cHa6»ceHHa, mcah-
Ko-caHHxapHaa h xpaHcnopxHaa. B nacxax BBOAHJiacb acecxxaa BOHHCKaa ahcuh-
njiHHa. flocxaxoHHO CKa3axb, hxo yjiHieHHWH b MapoAepcxBe KOMaHAHp poxw
BoJiflbipeB 6bm paccxpenaH. BciOAy, rAe npouuiH napxH3aHbi, 6biJia BoccxaHOB-
neHa CoBexcKaa BJiacxb.
Cnycxa MHoro nex xeHAeHUH03Hbie nncaicH, hxo6w KaK mojkho 6ojibuie
HanHcaxb HeraxHBHoro o fl.H.TpanHUMHe, cxaBHJiH eiwy b BMHy JiHHHbie nepero-
BOpbi c npoxHBHHKOM, ero cxpeMJieHHe H36e»caxb KpOBonponHTHS o6i>acHajiH
KenaHHeM "3apa6oxaxb AemeBbiH aBxopHxex cpeAH napxH3aH". MeM mohih 3a-
KOHHHXbca xaKHe neperoBOpbi, Mbi yBHAHM HHJKe, npH onHcaHHH B3axwa Hhko-
jiaeBCKa.
B HHKonaeBCKe cpeAH 6ejiorBapAeiiueB uapHjra pacxepaHHOCXb h naHHKa.
HananbHHKy rapHH30Ha nojiKOBHHKy MeABeAeBy yAanocb CKOJioxHXb oxpaA
jiHiub b 250 nenoBeK. Bca HaAOKAa mccxhoh 6yp«ya3HH 6wjia Ha anoHueB. Mafi-
op KcHKaBa, KOMaHAOBaBuiHH anoHCKHMH BOHCKaMH b ropoAe, peuiHJi Bcxpexuxb
napTH3aH Ha noflCTynax k ropoay, BbicnaB 9 HHBapa orpa.ii b 200 anoHCKMX coji-
Aax h 75 6enorBapAeMueB b cejieHHe KaKHHCKaa 6yxxa. TaKace 6hjih HanpaBJieHM
35 coAAax b AepeBHio KacbflHOBKy h nonypoxa b Maro.
12 aHBapa cMeuiaHHbifl anoHO-pyccKHH oxpaA axaKOBaji 3aHaxyio napxH-
3aHa\iH /JeHHCOBKy, ho, noxepaB Ha none 60a AByx coxmax, oxcxynHJi b Kacba-
HOBKy. OxpaA JibiJKHHKOB OoMHHa-BocxoKOBa nepe3 Asa AHa HaHec yAap no
KacbaHOBKe, h anonubi c 6ejiorBapAeiiuaMH 6e>KajiH b KaKHHCKyio 6yxxy.

8 aurycTa 1992 roaa, b xoae 3KcneaHUHH "flo oaeaaM JIanepy3a" c <ppaHu.y3CKHM nccne-
'

AOBaTejieM )KaHOM TyHjioy, 6jiaroaapa «K)6e3HOCTH HanJuibHHKa MMKa reHHaflHfl BacmibeBMia

AepKyHCKoro h HaqajihHHxa yxacTKa rnflporpa4)H>iecKoii c^y>K6b[ AeoHHua MBaHOBHMa AenHHa
mm no6biBajiH Ha Manice. Ha 3epKanax cpoHapH MaHKa mu bhji^m coxpaHHBiuHecR cjiejjbi ny^b
napTH3aH. cDoHapb 6bin H3roTOBJieH b npouuioM Bexe bo OpaHUHM h wcnpaBHO aiyxm no cwx
nop, no Bbi3Bajio -tyBCTBO ropflocTM y Moero (J>paHUy3CKoro Ko/uiem.

113
 .

BenepoM 14 aHsapa TpannuMH, By3HH-BMi h HayMOB-MeaseAb npH6bmn

b KacbaHOBKy h peuiHJin pa3rpoMHXb anoHO-6ejiorBapaeHCKHH oxpaji, nocjias Ha
cjieayromHH AeHb b xbiji Bpara oxpan jim>khhkob.
JIhjkhhkh Koqy6w-Bop30Ba hombk) Hanajin Ha anoHiieB b Maro h 3acxa-
bhjih hx 6e*:axb b KaKHHCKyio 6yxxy. llpoAOJDKaa jvaHMtnue Bnepea, hw)Khhkh
3aHajiH CaxapoBKy h ApxaHrenbCKoe.
MaKop HcHKaBa, onacaacb mioxHoro onpyaceHHa, oxAan npHKa3 06 oc-
TaBJieHHH KaKHHCKOH 6yxxw h B03BpameHHH oxpaaa b HHKOJiaeBCK. Ylpn abh-
>KeHHH k HHKOJiaeBCKy anoHUbi Shjih BCTpeneHbi 3ajinoBbiM pyaceHHbiM oraeM y
Ka6ejibHoro AOMHKa JiwacHKKaMH <t>OMHHa-BocxoK08a. IToAoiiieAiiiHe CBepxy
napTH3aHbi BcxynmiH b 6oh, h anoHuaM npHuinocb 6eacaTb. Ha nojie 60a ocxa-
MHoro bhhtobok, flBa
jiocb nyjieinexa, MHoro hoaboa c npoAosojibcxBHeM, 6oe-
npnnacaMH h CHapaaaMH.
K 20 HHBapa napTH3aHbi OKpy»HJin HnKOJiaeBCK. Csepxy ohh 3aHajiH cejio
JIhhh (5 km ox ropoaa), a CHH3y - nyHKT IIojioBHHKa, oTpe3aB ropoa
HacejieHHbiii
ot KpcnocTH HHbippax. JIbDKHHKH OoMHHa yuujiH Ha CaxanHH, rje Oomhh npH-
nan aKTHBHoe ynacxwe b BoccxaHOBJieHHH CoBexcKofi BjracTH BMecre c UanKO,
H3BecTHbiM coBeTCKHM Aesxe/ieM xoro nepwoaa.
Eme 19 aHBapa (no HeKOTopbiM AaHHbiM 16 aHBapa) b c.JIhhh napTH3aHbi
co3BaiiH coBer KOMaHAHpos, Ha KOTopoin 6hjio npwHaTO peiueHne 0 npeo6pa30-
BaHHH noBCTaHHecKOH apMHH b perynapHyK) KpacHyro ApMHio HMKOJiaeBCKoro
4)poHTa. Bbiji H36paH raxa6, yTBep:>K,aeHbi o6pa30BaHne h HaHMeHOBaHne nojiKOB
h apyrHX nacxeft h noflpa3aeneHHH. YxBepxcAeH KOMaHAHbifi cocTaB, Bbi6opHocTb
OTMeHanacb. B cocxaB uiTa6a KpacHoii ApMHH boiujih: il.H.TpanHUbiH - komsh-
flyiomnft, ,3;.C.Ey3HH-EHH - 3aMecTHTejib KOMaHAyiomero, T.M.HayMOB-MeflBeab
- HanajibHHK iuxa6a, A.M. OoKpOBCKHH-HepnMH - ceicpexapb mxa6a; nrreHaMH

mxa6a 6bmn Ha3Ha-ieHbi A.H.KoiwapoB, C.M.lIIepHH, <D.B.5Kene3HH.

BHOBb o6pa30BaHHbie iiojikh nojiyHHJin HaHMeHOBaHHa:
1- fi napxH3aHCKHH nojiK - KOMaHflHp M.M.Kouy6a-Bop30B;

2- ii napxH3aHCKHH nojiK - KOMaHflHp A.H.KoMapoB*;

Hna(He-AMypCKHH nojiK - <t>.n. riaBJiioHeHKo;

ropHO-AMryHO-Kep6HHCKHH hojik - H.A.EyApHH;
AHapxo-KOMMyHHexHMecKHH oojik - C.H.IIIepHH**
O.n.naBJiJoneHKO h H.A.EyApHH npHBejin KpynHbie napxroaHCKHe oxpa-
Rbi c AMryHH h HH30BbeB AMypa, rAe napxH3aHHJiH ao noaxoaa napxroaH CBepxy
ox Xa6apoBCKa.
y 6onbuiHHCXBa H3 napxraaH 6binH cboh cnexbi c HHxepBeHxaMH h 6ejibi-
mm. riapxH3aHbi H3 Chhah mcxhjih 3a coxoiceHHoe ceno, 3a ySHXbix oAHOcejibiaH.
Pa3yMeexca, Cxenan HBaHOBHM UJepHH He Mor 3a6bixb h npocxHXb AecaxHflHeB-

B r.HwKoJtaeBCKe A.H.KoMapos CTaHer KoineHaaHTOM ropoaa, a hojik npMMex AMypoB-

Ko30jjaeB.
C.M.UIepHft 6bw nocnaH ana cbsuh b HpKyTCK, a tiojikom cTaji KOMaHnoBZLTb HsaH
Bmjzmbhob (norH6HeT 12.01.22 r. b Xa6apoBCKe).
114
 .

fr

Hbix ntiTOK ero 6paTa MBaHa h napTH3aHa 3oHTHKa, hx nocneayiomero paccrpe-

jia h Bti6poca Ha CBajixy, ho noxopoHeHHbix cepao6onbHbiMH ^htctmmh cejia
Bo3HeceHCKoro.
Ey'flpHH h IlaBjiioieHKO cnacnHct ox pyK 6eaon KOHxppa3BeaKH, c6e>KaB H3
TiopbMM b r.HHKOJiaeBCKe, hx ace xoBapniUH jau 6hjih paccTpejiaHbi.
3aecb >Ke b Jlnnax 6bm ccfciopMHpoBaH CaxanHHCKHii o6jiacTHOH peBKOM
(ropoa HHKOJiaeBCK b tot nepnoa 6bm o6aacTHbiM uempoM) bo raaBe c Oeao-
poM BacHJibeBHHeM 5Kejie3HHbiM, 6biBiiiHM ynnxejieM, ynacTHHKOM 6ocb Ha Yccy-
pHHCKOM (JipoHTe b 1918 roay h xa6apoBCKHM noanojibmHKOM b 1919 roay, ao
noaxoaa napra3aH CKpbiBaBUJHMca b HH30Bbax AMypa ot 6enoM KOHTppa3BeaKH
Ho CTpeMHCb H36e»caTb HanpacHoro KpoBonpojiHXHa, 27 JtHBapa KOMaHao-
BaHHe apMHH peiumio nocnaTb b HHKOJiaeBCK napjiaMeHxepoB. flo6poBOJibHo
BbBBajica noexaTb H.B.OpjioB-OBnapeHKO, b npouuioM oahh H3 KOMaHflHpoB
napTH3aHCKHx oxpaaos b ripHMopte, npoflejiaBiUHH aojithh nycTb c Tpsnnubi-
HHM. C HHM OTIipaBHJlCJI BOSHHK rkTp MHXafijIOBHH IU(eXHMKOB
(C.n./lHenpoBCKHH oiuh6okho Ha3biBaex ero Copokhhbim).
IlapjiaMeHTepbi He BepHyjiHCb. Tloajio y6nB hx, anoHuw h 6ejibie nocxaBH-
jih ce6a BHe 3aKOHa, ho b nocjieayiomeM 6yayx BonHTb, hto napTH3anbi paccxpe-

JTHBaiOX "HeBHHHblx" JHOflefi.

y6eAHBiiiHCb, hto anoHUbi h Sejiwe He coGnpaioxcfl caasaTb ropoa 6e3
6oa, KpacHoe KOMaHaoBaHHe peuiHJio cnanajia B3HXb KpenocTb HHbippax, npn-
KpwBaBiijyio HHKOJiaeBCK co cTopoHbi Mopa. B 6oax 4-6 cpeBpana napxM3aHCKHe
nacxH CHanana noa KOMaHaoBaHHeM C.C.Kyp6axoBa-Cxpejibu,OBa, a 3aTeM Ey-
3HHa-BHHa OBnaaeJiH KpenocTbio. B pyKax KpacHbix oKa3ajiHCb apTHJiJiepna h
pajjHOCxaHUHH, Koxopyio 6bicxpo npHBeji b paSoiee cocxosHwe ,E(y6HUKHH. B
CoBexcKyro Pocchio ymjia nepBaa paanorpaMMa o no6eaax HHacHeaMypcKHX
napxH3aH. MocKBa OTBeTHJia, noacejiaB nojinofi no6eabi. Bbina ycxaHOBneHa pa-
flH0CBS3b C KaMHaTKOH, Oxotckom H CaxanHHOM.
riapTH3aHbi H3 OTpa/ia C.C.CTpejibupBa-Kyp6aT0Ba 3aH«nH kojiohhk)
npoKaaceHHbix b 4 KunoMexpax ot HHKojiaeBCKa. Jlpe Moprapbi 6hjih nepeTamc-
hh H3 KpenocxH B kojiohhk), hto6h HanaTb HacTyrmeHHe Ha ropoa c apTHJiae-
Phhckoh noaaepxcKoft. Ho npH6biBuiHH b kojiohhk> TpannuHH npHKa3an
CTpenbuOBy-KypSaxOBy y6biTb b /te-KacxpH h npHHaTb ot HBHHa OTpaa, ocaac-
aaBUJHH MaHK, rae 3acenH 6ejiorBapaeHiu>i bo rjiaBe c jtojikobhhkom BHjjeM.
npH6biB b rje-KacTpn, Cxpejibu,OB-Kyp6aTOB b oaHOM KunoMeTpe ot inaaKa b
nanaTKe BbicxaBHJi 3acxaBy Ha y3eHbK0M nepeuiefiKe h xeM caMbiM OKOHnaTenbHO
3anep Sejibix Ha nojiyocrpoBe. Ha npe^jio>KeHHe caaTbca 6ejibie OTKasajiHCb, Ha-
aescb aoacaaTbca hjxohckhx Kopa6jieH.
Teni BpeMeHeM coSmtha noa HHKOJiaeBCKOM pa3BHBaiiHCb cbohm nepeaoM.
3aroBopHaH opyAHa KpacHofi ApMHH, o6cTpejiH BaBuine ropoa. noa aaB-
JieHHeM npeacTaBHTeJiefl pa3JiHHHbix KOHcynbCTB anoHuw bchomhhjih o aeKJiapa-
Uhh reHepan-JieHTeHaHTa CHpaMHa3y o co6jiioaeHHH anoHCKOH apMHefi Heiixpa-
jiHxexa (xoTa b TeneHHe Bcefi HHTepBeHUHH aKTHBHO ynacTBOBanH b noaaepacKe
Kan cJiHHaHcaMH, opy>KHeM, CHapaaceHHeM, TaK a npaMbiM ynacTHeM b 6oeBbix
«•
115
aeficxBHax Ha cxopoHe 6enbix)m npHcnanH npeacxaBHxenefi Ha neperoBopbi, ko-
ropbie npoxoannH 25-28 <J>eBpaaa. Ha sxhx neperoBopax .H.H.TpHmmbiH Bbmy-
ahji anoHueB pa3roBapHBaTb c hhm Kan c npeacTaBHxeneM Cobctckoh BJiacTH.
Ha hhx b KanecTBe Ha6aK>aaxeaeH npncyxcTBOBajiH asa 6enbrx o<J)Huepa: Kanw-
TaHbi Mypra6oB h Hcmhhhob.
B nocneayiomeM KanHTaH MypraGoB hccxho cnysKvm b KpacHoK ApMHH h
b Mae ycraHOBffli mhhhhc 3arpa»«eHHs Ha AMype, hto6h He npouuiH anoHCKHe
KaHOHepKH ot XaQapoBCKa k HHKOJiaeBCKy.
KanHTaH Hcmhhhob 6mh ono3HaH TpanHUbiHbiM KaK pyKOBoanxejib pac-
cxpeaoB napTH3aH Ha CyiaHe (HbiHe naprH3aHCK b npHMopbe), ho 6biJi oxnymeH
b ropoa, xoxfl h He cHHTanca napnaiweHTepoM, a 6mk JiHiub HaSnioaaxejieM.
ilnoHUbi 6buiH BbiHyayjeHH noanHcaxb cornauieHHe, Ha ocHOBaHHH koto-
poro napTH3aHbi bouijih b ropoa. YxpOM 29 4>eBpana KpacHbie hojikh BCTynnaH b
ropoa.
B Ha3HaneHHOH eme b Jlnnax h B03maB-
pyicax Hpe3BW4aiiHOH komhcchh,
jiaeMoft napTH3aHOM E.T.EeaaeBbiM, OKa3anHCb Bee aoKyMeHXbi 6enofi KOHxp-
pa3BeflKH.
O6e306pa*eHHbie Tpynw napTH3aHCKHx napnaMeHxepoB OpuoBa-
OBHapeHKO h lUeTHHKOBa, a xaK*e 17 6hbihhx b 1918 rosy cobcxckhx h nap-
THHHbix pa6oTHHKOB, paccxpeaaHHbix 6enbiMH h anoHuaMH nepea scxyroieHHeM
napTH3aH b ropoa, 6bmH BbiCTaBJieHbi b rpo6ax ana nocneaHero npomaHHa b
3aaHHH rapHH30HHoro co6paHHa.
*Ipe3BbIHaHHOH KOMHCCHH yfla^OCb BblJIOBHXb npaKTHnecKH Bcex niacHbix
h HerjiacHbix coxpyaHHKOB 6enoH KOHxppa3BeaKH. Bee ohh 6buin paccxpenaHbi.
Ehjih apecTOBaHH h nocajKeHbi b xiopbMy xe, kto b 1918 rosy noanncaji nexn-
uhk) Ha HMa anoHCKoro HMnepaxopa c npocbSofi nooraxb BoftCKa Ha AMyp ana
cBep>KeHHa Cobcxckoh BJiacTH. B Mae, nepea SBaKyauHeft, noa aaBJieHHeM npe-
Bocxoaamwx HacxynaiomHX anoHCKHx bohck 3-th apecxoBaHHbie 6br:iH paccxpe-
naHbi.
B HHKOJiaeBCKe Hanajia Hajia>KHBaTbca CoBeTCKaa BJiacxb, BoccxaHaBJin-
Baxbca aeiicTBHe 3aKOHOB Cobcxckoh Pocchh. npeanpnaxna h Mara3HHbi pa6o-
xajin HOpMajibHO. 3KOHOMHHecKaa nonnxHKa npOBoawiacb b ayxe BoeHHoro
KOMMyHH3Ma. Bhji pemeH Bonpoc o 3ae3aKax h pbi6ajiKax b nojib3y xpyaamnxca.
CneuHajibHoK komhcchch Bejiacb aKXHBHaa 6opb6a c nbaHcxBOM. ^aace ncnon-
hhbuihh aoa)KHocxb KOMeHaaHTa njieBaKO noJiyiHJi 50 nnexeii 3a noaBneHHe b
o6mecxBeHHOM Mecxe b nbaHOM BHae. Y3HaB o b3sthh HHKOJiaeBCKa, CxpenbuoB-
Kyp6axoB b fle-KacxpH no xejie<i>oHy coo6uihji 06 sxom Ha MaaK noiiKOBHHKy
Bnuy, npeanoacHB caaxbea. Eeiibie nonpocnjiH nocjiaxb naxb ycjioBHbix xene-
rpaMM B HHKOJiaeBCK c BpyneHHeM hx oxaeJibHbiM aapecaxaM. noayneHHbie ox-
BeTbi H3HHKoaaeBCKa ySeanan 6eabix, mxo ropoa b pyKax KpacHbix. Coaepwa-
HHe oaHoro H3 otbctob 6mjio xanoe: "Knca He Kaiaex. BaHioma 3aopoB". Riix
neperoBopoB Bhu nocnaji o<i>Hu.epa nycxoBanoBa h oaHoro conaaxa. Hxo6bi no-
nyHHXb rapaHTHH 6e3onacHocxH caaBinnxca. CxpejibuoB-Kyp6axoB npeaJioacHfi
HanpaBHXb b HHKOJiaeBCK npeacxaBHxeaeH 6ejibix h Bbiexaji BMecxe c hhmh caM.
116
Ha npoTHaceHHH Bcero AOJiroro nyTH 6enwe y6«Kjj,ajTHCb, hto b Kpae BOCCTaHO-
BHnacb CoBercKaa BJiacrb h HAex MHpHaa *H3Hb. B HnKOJiaeBcxe b iuxa6e Kpac-
hoh ApMHH, Kyjta ohh npH6buiH okojio naca Ana, 6&nwe noJiynmiH 3aBepeHHe,
hto hx flena 6yayx paccMoxpeHM xmaxeJibHbiM o6pa30M, HeBHHHbie He nocxpa-
B ^e-KacrpH nomjia ycnoBHaa TejtetipoHorpaMMa. Bejiwe Ha MaaKe CAa-
flaioT.

JIHCb. riOJIKOBHHK H.H.BhU 3aCTpeJIHJICa .

Okojio Tpex nacoB AHa HananbHHK nrra6a T.H.HayMOB-MeflBe^b h

C.C.CTpejibUOB-Kyp6aTOB noexajiH k anoHCKOMy KOMaHAOBaHHio, rae HayMOB
noTpe6oBajr ox anoHueB HecKOJibKo cot bhhtobok h HecKonbKO nyjieiweTOB Ana
oTnpaBKH Ha Xa6apoBCKHH (JppoHT. AnOHUbi 0TKa3ajiH. HayMOB a CrpejibuoB
ocTaBHJiH o(J)HUHaJTbHbiH HOKyvieHT ox uixa6a c npocb6ofi Aaxb otbct Ha aie-
flywmHfl fleHb k ABeHaauaxH nacaM.
He oHCHflaa cpOKa OTBeTa, anoHuu b HOHb c 1 1 Ha 12 Mapxa npeaaTenbCKH
HanajiH Ha nacTH KpacHOH ApMHH. OicpyHCHB mxa6, ohh noaoacraH paKexaMH
3flaHHe H OTKpbiJiH no HeMy py»ceHHO-nyjieMeTHyio CTpejib6y. TpanHujbiH jiHiub
ycneji nepejaTb b OAHy H3 HacTeft no xejieiipoHy o HanaaeHHH, KaK cBa3b npepBa-
jiacb, ho h Tax yace Bee 6bmo hcho. .HnoHubi no BceMy ropoAy Be™ oroHb no Ka-
3ap\iaM KpacHbix.
HanajitHHK urraSa HayMOB-MeABeAb BbinpbirHyji H3 ropamero BToporo
3TasKa h 6biJi Taaceno paHeH, nepe3 ab3 aha oh yMep. HecKonbKO "jejioBeK 6biJio

y6HTo h paHeHO. Ebui paneH b kojicho h TpanHinjH. CeKperapb uixa6a IIokpob-

cKHH-HepHbifl 3acTp&nHnca h cropen b 3aaHHH uixa6a. H3 ropamero 3AaH«a
KpacHHM nofl pyaceflHHM oraeM anoHueB, cxpejiaBuinx c paccxoanHa 10-15 mct-
poB, yaanocb nepe6eacaxb bo BTOpoe 3AaHHe. TpannubiH bxophiho 6bui paHeH b
Ty >Ke Hory. ripH nomrrKe nepe6paTbca b KaMeHHoe 3AaHHe oh nonpoCHA npH-
CTpenHXb ero, hxo6m He MemaTb TOBapninaM npn cnaceHHH, ho CrpejibuoB-
Kyp6aTOB Ha npocTbiHH npoTamHJi ero no CHery h 3aTeM Bbi6pajica co ABOpa. B
ropoae men 6ofi. EMy yaajiocb Ao6paxbca ao KOMeHflaTypbi, rae KOMeHflaHT
A.M.KoMapoB y»ce opraHH30Baji nacra Ha OTnop anoHuaM.
ripw nonbiTKe anoHueB npopBaTbca k 3hslihik> TiopbMW, rae HaxoAHJiHCb
apecTOBaHHbie 6ejiorBapAeHUbi, Poro3HH-Jlanxa 6e3 yKa3aHHa CTapuiHX HaHanb-
hhkob paccxpenaji 6enbix. B nepnoA CMepTejibHoft onacHOCXH napxH3aHaM 6bmo
He flo npoueAypHbix BonpocoB cyae6Horo aejionpoH3BOAcxBa. Ho 06 sxom Ha-
noMHaT .H.H.TpanHUMHy Ha cyne b Kep6n, nocTaBHB b BHHy. Boh b ropoae npo-
AOJiacajiHCb TpH AHa h 3aK0HHHJiHCb, Koraa b oahom h3 aomob KBapTana anoH-
ckoto MHJuiHOHepa CHMaAM cropejia rpynna anoHueB BMecxe c MaftopoM HcHKa-
Boii.KcTaTH, b nepHOA rpa>KAaHCKOfi bohhm CHMaAa BbinycKaA coScTBeHHbie
AeHbra, KOTopwe HMenn xo>KAeHHe b HHKOJiaeBcxe, a BbinymeHHbie HnKOJiaeB-
ckhm HcnoAKOMOM AeHbra b nocjieAyiomeM 6yAyt o6o3BaHbi "TpanHHbiHKaMH" h

"
riHCbMa, «ko6i>! ocraHjieHHbie H.H.BnueM m KanesaTaHHbie a KHHacKe B.3ia, Bepoaraee
Bcero, flRnfliOTCH o6biiHoii <J>anbUinnKOM, t.k. ecnu 6w ohh cywecTBOBajiH, to oesytnoBHO nona-
jih b pyKH naprK3aH.
6yayT npHBoaHTbca b KanecTBe npHMepa caMOCTHHHOCTH h CHMBona y3ypnauHH
TpanHUHHMM BJiacra b ropoae.
Eon 3aKOHHHHHct. B njieH k KpacHBiM nonanH MyaciHH h 1 1 wemiiHH
1 1 7
H3 HMCna o6cjiy5KHBaHHs BoeHHBix h yBecejiHTejibHbix aoMOB. B nocneayiomeM,
nepea yxoaoM KpacHbix m HHKOJiaeBCKa 24 Maa Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a N° 209
KOMaHaHpy 1-ro no/iKa 3th anoHUH 6mjih paccnpejiaHbi. B Krone cya b Kep6n
npea^HBHT cneT TpanwubiHy h 3a sthx anoHueB, oaHOBpeMeHHO 3a6biB, hto 4-5
anp&iia anoHUbi b pe3yjibTaTe npeaaTejibcicoro Hanaaemia Ha lacra peBOJirouH-
ohhhx bohck b ropoaax IlpHMOpcKOH oSnacra, HCCMOTpa Ha to, hto re He ona- r

3HBanH hm conpoTHBJieHHa b cootbctctbhh c npnKa30M KOManayiomero

A.A.KpaKOBeHKoro, y6HJiH aoBOJibHO MHoro Hapoay. 3a oaHy HOHb anoHUbi
y6njiH b HHROJibCKe-YccypHHCKOM 392 KpacHoapMewua, Ha craHiniH OKeaHCKoft
- 30, b IIIkotobo - 265, b Pa3aonbHOM - 100 -rejioBeK, b CnaccKe - okojio 400. He

rosopa yxce o paneHbix h ruieHHbix. Ilpw stom ohh noano ySHJiH BCex napjiaMCH-
TepoB, npHrjiameHHbix b IIIkotobo ana neperoBOpOB. IlpHBeaeHHbie uHfJjpM
ySHTWX pyCCKHX B3HTH MHOK) H3 KHHTH HHOHCKOrO reHepaJia HHCHKaBbI
"HcropHa cn6HpCKOH SKcneaHUHH", pyKOBoaHBUiero BeponoMHOH onepauHeft no
pa3rpoMy peBOJiiouHOHHbix bohck. IlpH 3tom HucHKasa oS-bacHaa HHTepBeHUHio
McenaHHeM noMOHb pyccKOMy Hapoay h TeM, hto ohh npoBoaHJiH "nonHTHKy He-
BMeiuaTenbCTBa". Hto ctohjio 3to "HeBMemaTejibCTBo", yace aaBHO oueHeno no-
JIHTHKaMH, HCTOpHKaMH H 3KOHOMHCTaMH, nOSTOMy He 6yaeM Ha 3TOM BHOBb 3a-
ocrpaTb Bonpoc B3anMOHenpHa3HH b nepnoa bohhw asyx ctopoh.
O bo3mo5khocth BbicTymieHHa anoHueB b apyrnx ropoaax TpannubiH pa-
aHOrpaMMofi npeaynpeacaan Xa6apoBCK, EjiaroBemeHCK, HpKyTCK vt aa>Ke Mo-
CKBy. 3nonwxaTejiH mhoto BpeiweHH cnycTa 6yayT o6BHHHTb ywe MepTBoro Tpa-
nHUbma B noacTpeKaTejibCTBe k BOHHe c flnoHHefi. K coxcaneHHio, anpejibCKHe
co6biTHa noaTBepamiH npasoTy TpanwubiHa h ero uiTa6a. B HnicojiaeBCKe nana-
aeHHeM Ha coseTCKHe BOHCKa anomibi xoTeiiM noKa3aTb, hto He noTeprraT CoBeT-
ckoh BJiacra, ho npoc^HTajiHCb.
He coMHeBaiocb, He mot 3a6biTb TpariHUbiH h rH6ejiH cbohx 1 35 HenoBex b
xoae 6oeB c anoHuaMH.
nocae ra6ejiH T.H.HayMOBa-MeaBeaa HanaabHHKOM uiTaSa apMHH 6waa
Ha3HaneHa HHHa JleSeaeBa, npHSbiBUiaa Ha cfrpoHT BMecTe c K.C.EeccoHOBMM
He3aaoaro ao HacTynneHHa KpacHbix Ha HHKonaeBCK. 3to Ha3HaqeHHe b nocae-
ayiomeM aano noBoa aaa mhotox ynpeKOB b aapec TpannubiHa h caMofl JIe6eae-
boh. K TOMy ace TpannubiHa ooBHHaioT b y3ypnau.HH BnacTH, ho b 3toh cb33h
HHTepeceH oaHH aoKyMeHT, npoJiHBaBiiiHH cbct Ha MHoroe h KOTopbiH MHorae
roaw He ny6jiHKOBajica. Bot BbiaepacKa H3 npHKa3a 66 ot 22 anpejia 1920 roaa
TjiaBHOKOMaHayiomero HapoaHO-peBomoHHOHHOH apMHeB JIfiP T.X3vixe:
" 1 B CBH3H c o6meH oQcTaHOBKofi h njix ynopaaoneHHa h KoopaHHauHH
.

pa3p03HeHHbix napTH3aHCKHX OTpaaoB... npHKa3biBaK>: Ha3BaHHbie pafioHbi

HMeHOBaTb ({ipOHTaMH, a HMeHHo: 1) pafioH CT.OaoBaHHaa, ct.Ohoh, HepnHHCKa,
HepHHHCKoro 3aBoaa, CpeTeHCKa h BnaroBemeHCKa HMeHOBaTb AMypcKHM
cJipoHTOM; 2) paiiOH BjiaanBOCTOKa, HMKOJibCK-YccypHHCKoro - IlpHMopcKHM;
118
3) paiiOH Xa6apOBCKa, HHKOnaeBCKa (Ha Ajwype) - Oxotckhm ... 4) KoMaHflyio-
IUHMH (j)pOHTaMH Ha3HaHaK>TCa: AMypCKHM - T.illHJlOB, IIpHMOpCKHM - T.JIa30,
Oxotckhm - T.TpanHUbm..."
3tot npHKa3 CBHfleTejibCTByeT o jdkhbocth 3aaBneHHH, hto TpanHUbm
caM03B&HHO 3axBaran KOMaHflOBaHHe. CBHfleTejibCTByer oh h o tom, hto He-
cMOTpa Ha Tpe6oBSHHe noBceMecTHofi coBenoauHH h HOKenaHHe HMerb Ha
/JajibHeM BocTOKe 6y(J)epHoe rocy^apcTBO B BHfle flBP TpannubiH h ero urra6 b
ueJiOM npH3HaBajin noflHHHeHHOCTb eflHHOMy KOMaHflOBaHHio. H He cjiynaHHO H3
HnKOJiaescKa 6bina nocjiaHa paflHorpaMMa 06 o6te,HHHeHHn paHOHOB no^ rna-
BeHCTBOM HHKOnaeBCKa.
IlpHKa3 0flH03HaHH0 noKa3biBaeT, kto ace 6bm aeHCTBHTejibHbiM KOMaH-
ayiomHM npiiaMypcKHMH napTH3aHaMH: TpannubiH hjih BoHKO-FIaBJioB.
H3 nHCbMa H.C.EeccoHOBa: "EoHKO-riaBJTOB KaK HHTpnraH, ckjiohhhk h
KJieBeTHHK Hanan nposBJiaTb sth KanecTBa eme TorAa, ho pa3BepHyTbcsi BtiiHpb
He mot, TaK KaK He nonb30Bajica aBTopHTeTOM... B yKa3aHHbix mhoio socnoMH-
HaHHax (BepoaTHO, penb HfleT o BocnoMHHaHHax M.IlonKO, xpaHaumxca b Xa-
6apoBCKOM KpaeBOM rocyaapcTBeHHOM apxHBe. - r.JI.) roBopHTca, hto Eohko-
IlaBJiOB yxHTpHJica yHHHTOHCHTb cJ>H3H4ecKH npeaceaaTejia uiTa6a XopcKoro
napTH3aHCKoro OTpa,aa 3y6KOBa. H KaK mohcho cyaHTb, y6nn ero H3-3a crrpeMJie-
HHa CTaTb pyKOBOflMTejieM".
KaK BHflKM, TpanHUbiH ctoht Ha oahom ypoBHe c UIhjiobhm h JIa30.
npHKa3 3Kxe - 3TO CBoeo6pa3Hoe npH3HaHHe opraHroaTopcKHX h bochhhx cno-
coOHOcreH ^.H.TpanHUHHa.
B to a<e BpeMH bot xapaKTepHCTHKa Ha BoHKO-IlaBJioBa: "Hto KacaeTca
napTH3aHCKoro asHxceHHa, to no bhh£, rjiaBHWM o6pa30M, "TanaHTJiHBoro" op-
raHH3aTopa BofiKO-riaBnoBa 6mjih pa3rpoMJieHbi 6enbiMH: XopcKHH napra3aH-
ckhh OTpaa h XopCKaa napTH3aHCKaa 6a3a b pafioHe Xa6apoBCKa".
Ha3HaneHne TpanHUHHa KOMaHayiomHM cppoHTa He ycTpaHBajio onp&ae-
jieHHbie Kpyrw, h n3-noA Xa6apoBCKa b HHKOJiaeBCK oTnpaBjiaiOTCH flBa nejiOBe-
Ka c uejibio y6HTb TpanHUbiHa. Ilo oahhm CBefleHHSM, 3th nocnamjibi 6mjih o6e3-
Bpe>KeHbi KOHTppa3BeflK0H TpanHUbma, no apyrHM - hm yaajioct H36eacaTb Ka-
pu, nocKOJibKy 6hjih npeAynpeacAeHbi napTH3aHaMH-K0MMyHHcraMH H3 OKpyace-
HHa TpannnbiHa.
CeroAHa a He coMHeBaiocb, hto c 5 ceHTa6pa no 16 0KTa6pa 1918 roAa
^.H.Bohko (Toraa eme He IlaBJioB) cny>KHJi y araMaHa KajiMHKOBa b ropofle
Xa6apoBCKe, npoAOJiscaa KOMaHAOBaTb KOHHO-JieTynHM OTpaAOM no oxpaHe ro-
pO^a, KOTOpbIM KOMaHAOBaJI npH COBeTCKOM BJiaCTH* .

CTapaTejibHo Konaact b apxHBax, a Haiuen b ToMCKe noAMHHyio cnpaBKy

0 caane OTpaAOM Bohko 19 bhhtobok KaBanepHHCKoro o6pa3ua, 4 bhhtobok ne-
xoTHoro h 2 bhhtobok anoHCKoro o6pa3ua, aa eme 20 iuanieK. (KcepoKonHa

"
KoMaH^HpoM oTpsma 6hji HepHKK Hjiba JIi>bobhh, a fl.H.BoiiKO 6bur y Hero saMecTHie-
nem, ko npH ocxaaneHHH Xa6apoecKa 3 ceHTH6pa 1920 r. cobctckhmh BjiacTaMH cTapuiHM orpsma
ocTanca fl.H.BofiKO, einy 6bmo nopyseHO oxpaHHTb ot noji)KoroB h rpa6exefi.
119
HMee-rca b Moein apxHBe.) EcTb bToMCKe h chhcok bhhtobok c HOMepaMH, aa bot
He yKa3aHW BJiaaenbuw. A TaKoft ctihcok noMor 6w npo-
TOJibKO, k co>KajieHHiO,
jiHTb cbct Ha MHoroe He tojii,ko b roatr rpaayiaHCKOH bohhh, ho m nocne Hee.
CoxpaHHJioct h TpeSoBaHHe oTpaaa k ropoacKHM BnacTaM o BHiuiaTe aeHer 3a
CeHT36pb H OKTa6pb...
HTaK, nepBaa nonbmca y6HTb TpaiiHUbiHa He yaajiacb.
tlocne noSe^w Haa anoHuaMH b ropoae hch3hi» uuia cbohm nepeaoM. Hh-
TepeceH AOKynieHT Toro bpcmchh (xpaHHTca b My3ee r.HHKOJiaeBCKa-Ha-AMype),
pacnopaaceHHe HcnojiHHTejibHoro KOMHTera HHKOJiaeBCxoro oxpyra ot 26 an-
peaa 1920 roaa 3a .Ne 5. B nepBOM naparpa^e CKa3aH0, hto b aonouHeHHe k pac-

nopaaceHHio ot 23 MapTa Hoiojikom oSiaBJiaeT c6op pa3JiHHHbix npeaiueTOB aaa

My3ea: KapraH, cTaTyfl, Hynen, poroB, CKeneTOB, npeaMeTOB STHorpa^HH, mhhc-
panormecKHX, SoTaHHHecicHx h 30onorHHecKHX kojuickuhh. Uhia rpa5JcaaHCKaa
BOHHa, a npeacTaBHTenH Cobctckok BJiacTH ayMaaw o Heo6xoaHMOCTH ctnaaHHa
KpaeBeflneCKoro My3ea. He noKa3aTeJibHO jih, hto Bonpocbi KynbTypbi He 3a6u-
Banncb Aa*e b croab TpyaHbie js.hu. Ho BCKOpe crano He ao My3eeB.
Topofl Hanaa roTOBHTbca k o6opoHe. ilnoHUM, pa3rpoMHB peBoaiouHOH-
Hwe Boopy>KeHHbie chjibi b ripHiwopbe h b Xa6apoBcice, roroBHUHCb c HanajioM
HaBHrauHH nocnaTb KaHOHepcKMe jiohkh cBepxy h Kpencepbi c Mopa njix 3aHSTHa
HnKonaeBCKa. KpoMe Toro, 6biji BbicajKeH aecanr Ha CaxajiHHe* h b jQ(e-KacTpH.
Ha ceBepHOM 4>apBaTepe JiHMaHa KpacHbie 3aTonHJiH 6ap5KH, rpyaceHHbie
KaMHaMH (mecTHaa 6ypacya3Ha 6buia BecbMa HeaoBOJibHa, hto ee b npHHyaH-
TeKbHOM nopaaKe 3acTaBHJiH rpy3HTb KaMeHb Ha 3th 6ap»cH), okojio cena Co-
<J)HHCKoro nocraBHjiH noaBoanbie mhhm, y ycTba AMryHH, okojio TbipcKoro yre-
ca Sbijia noCTaBJieHa 6aTapea. B £e-KacrpH HanpaBwiH oTpaa Poro3HHa-JIanTM
aaa 6opb6bi c aecaHTOM. B pafioH MapHHHCKa Bwuieji OTpaa Ey3HHa-EHHa. Ho
noHaB, hto ropoa He yaepacaTb, H36paHHWH 10 anpena McnojiKOMOM PeBuiTa6
(TpanHUbiH, JlegeaeBa, AyccaM, neperyaoB, 5Kejie3HH), corxtacoBaB Bonpoc c
EjiarOBemeHCKOM, peuiHJi npOH3BecTH 3BaKyau.HK> b cejio KepSn 3a nojiTbicanH
KHJIOMCTpOB OT HHKOJiaeBCKa, b rny6b Taflrn.
noaBJieHHe Haa ropoaoin shohckhx raapocaMOJieTOB ycKopnjio SBaicya-
uhio. BtiJia npoaeaaHa rpaHAH03Haa pa6oTa.
B stot nepHOfl 6bijih cjiynan caMOHHHHbix paccTpeaoB, npoH3BoanMbix, b
nepByio onepeab, "caxajiofi" - npH6bmiiiHMH c CaxaaHHa Ghbluhmh yronoBHH-
KaMH. BbinoaHflJiHCb TaioKe npuKasM no BbiaBJieHHio KOHTppeBOJiiouHOHHbix
sneMeirroB b nacTax h rocyaapcTBeHHbix ynpeayieHHax.
Tor^a *e 6wjih paccrpejiaHbi KOMHecap ropHWX «en HA.ByApHH, HJieH
HcnoJiKOMa A.K.HBaHeHKo, npeaceflaTejib HHKOJiaeBCKoro ropcoBeTa

*
HnoHUbi eme 7 MapTa c ipex Kpeflcepoa niiTMHCb BHcaflHTt jtecam Ha CeBepKwfi Caxa-
^hh, ho H3-3a jieaoBoii o6craHOBKH He Mown bto caejiai*. Xynmeim TpannubiHa H3 4HCJia BJia-
ahboctokckhx 6ojibuieBHKOB jioKa3i>iBa^n, wo yHHiToxeHwe smcmueB 12-15 Mapra b HHKOJiaeB-
cKe cnpoBouHpoBajio oKKynaumo CesepHoro CaxajiHHa, 3a6wBaa, hto HMKOJiaeBCK 6bW ueHTpoM
CaxajiHHCKoft o6jiaciH.
120
 . .

B.C.Jlio6aTOBH^, a Taote r.C.MH3HH, 6libiuhh Koraa-To KOMaHawpoM

"MopcKoro" napTH3aHCKoro oxpafla.
IlepBbie Tpoe 6wjih apecTOBaHbi Ha rapmraoHHOM co6paHHH* npoxoaHB- ,

meM 26-28 anpejia, ohh o6BHHanHCb "b opramreauiui BoccraHHa npOTHB cobct-
ckoh BJiacrrH h HaTpaBJTOBaHHH oahoh nacTH Ha apyryro". Hx Bbiflan Bhuchko,
BXOflHBIHHH B HHCJIO 3arOBOpiH.HK0B. 3arOBOpiHHKH 6bIJIH 0Cy5KfleHbI K pa3JIHH-
hbim cpoKant 3aiaii04eHHfl, ho nepeft SBaKyauHefi 6binn paccTpejiaHM. EnueHKO
>Ke 3aBoeBaji flOBepne TpanHUWHa h 6bin npH6nHHceH k HeMy. HecKontKO no3fl-

Hee, b HKwe, oh co6cTBeHHopyHHo y6HBan acHTejieft h napTH3aH b Yahhckc, hto

03jio6hjio h noflHJUio B03MymeHHe no oTHOiueHHio k KOMaHflOBaHHio. Ey^yHH
Bbi3BaHHHM b Kep6n ana BbiacneHHa caMOHHHHbix fleiiCTBHH, npn apecre 0Ka3an
conpoTHBJieHHe, h 6hji 3acTpeJieH npeaceaaTeneM peBTpH6yHana .TJbiJiflHHMM.
IlpH ocMOTpe y Hero HauuiH nonnojiKOBHHHSH noroHM. KaK OKa3ajioci», oh 6hji
6eJlbIM KOHTppa3BeAHHK0M B npouuiOM**
Mh3hhace 6biji apecroBaH 3a 0TKa3 BbiexaTb Ha 4>p0HT b OTpaa PonwHHa-
JlanTM. Pa3yMeeTca, HenOBHHOBeHHe b 6oeBOH o6cTaHOBKe crporo Kapaerca.
K 30 mm
3BaicyauHa ropoaa 6bina 3aK0HHeHa, a b HOHb Ha 1 HioHa ropoa
3anbuiaji***
TpaayiaHCKoe HaceneHHe h paHeHbie 6buiH aocraBJieHbi b Kep6w napoxo-
flaMH. Eoftubi KpacHoft ApMHH Becb nyrb nponenajm neuiKOM. yqacraHK 3Toro
noxojia MnxaHJi OaaeeBHH TpyineHKO BcnoMHHan, hto rpynny, b KOTopofi 6buiH
uiTa6 h TpanHUMH c JIe6efleB0H, sen npoBO«HHK Mopabhhkhh. IIIfih, orH6aa
03epa Mna h Openb, b HanpaBJieHHH Ha KyjibHH ("^KyrCKoe co6paHHe"). LUjih no
Map»M, BJ13J1H BO MXaX H BOfle BWine KOJieHa. HpOflyKTbl KOHHHJIHCb. IIpOBOAHH-
kh c6eacajiH. HjieHPeBuiTa6a h HcnoiiKOMa neperyaoB h 6paTba HynpMHHHbi
HauuiH b Taftre cnpaTaHHyro Myicy, 3to b onpeaeneHHOH creneHH cnaano rpynny
ot ronofla. C enow. 6mjio hjioxo. TpanHUMH c He6ojibuioii rpynnoft yuien Bnepea,
hto6h nonbiTaTbca flocrHHb acujibix MecT h peuiHTb Bonpoc c npoaOBOJibCTBHeM.
B sto BpeMa Mojiofloft napTH3aH Mnxawn JIapHM h o^hh naxbiui pa3flejiHJiH Ha
Bcex BbioK c HenpHKocHOBeHHbiM 3anacoM uioKOJiaaa, 3aaBHB, ito TpanwubiH He
BepHe-rca. Ho Hkob HBaHOBHH B03BpaTHJica, y3HaB o cbefleHHOM "H3", noTpe-
6oBan k ce6e bhhobhhx. JlaTbim c6e5Kan b xaiiry, noHHMaa, neM mojkct 3aK0H-
HHTbca 3tot BbnoB, no3flHee oh HCTomeHHbiH jjoopanca AO KepSn, a JIapHH
npeflcraji nepca, KOMaHxmpoM. TpammbiH npnKa3an ero paccTpejiaxb, ho hhkto
3Toro ^enan. He 3axoTen. Toraa b npHcyTCTBHH Bcero oxpaaa h uiTa6a TpanH-
UbiH 3acTpenHJi JIapHHa. Ha cy«e sto 6y^eT bcckhm o6BHHeHHeM KOMaH/iyiome-
iwy.

*
Bcero Ha tom rapHK30HHOM co6pamiH 6tmo apecTOBaHO 10 ne^oBeK.
" Ajli-ioTaHT BwueHKo <DaKH6epr A6pain JleoHTbeBKt paccTpeji«H b Hiojie b Kep6n no pe-
uieHHio "cyjta 103-x".
*"
3saKyauHH hj HHKOJiaescKa ocymecTBJisuiacb b cooiBe.TCTBHH c npKK330M FnaBKOMa
r.X.3ftxe Ne 94/BJ1 ot 15 Maa 1920 r. KoiaaHayiomeMy Oxotckhm <{>pOKTOM a.H.TpanHUHHy bo
H36e5KaHMe 6oeBbIX CTOJIKHOBeHHft C HHOHUaMM.
 M3M0TaHHbie no npeflena jiioah nepe3 21 AeHb nocne Banana ABHJKeHHa
Bum™ Ha AMryHb b pafioHe KpacKoro ilpa, y XepnyHHHCKHX npHHCKOB. Tpa-
hhuhh c KaBajiepHcraMH ymeji b Kep6H, npeaBapHxejibHO opraHH30BaB o6opo-
Hy, pacnono»CHB BoiicKa 3arpaflnxejrbHbiMH oxpaaaMH. B Ceprae-
MHxafijioBCKOM, Heaa^eKO ot ycxba AMryHH, 6bm nocTaBJieH oxpaa noa KOMaH-
flOH 6wBUiero apxHJinepHCxa Hsana THxoHOBHHa AHnpeeBa h ero noMomHHKa
MnxaHjia <t>eaopOBHHa AHoniKHHa. Ha Mecxe nonxoBoro CTaHKa "Eefla" no-
craBjieH oxpaa aHapxHcra JleoAapcicoro-OcHnoBa. B Khh3cbo pacnojioacmica
OTpjifl CeMeHa EaneeBa, KoropoMy 6bina npnaaHa poTa AHjipea HamwHa. Ha
Ha6jnozi;aTenbHOM nyHKTe pacnojioxouiacb KOManna ilKOBa EcnnoBa. IIlTa6 1 -ro
no/iKa BopHca AMypoBa-Ko30flaeBa pacnojio»cnJica b YnHHCKe, rae Haxoanjica h
inxa6 AMryHO-TbipcKoro <}>poHxa bo rnaBe c E.B.CacoBbiM-EecnomaAHbiM h ero
HanajibHHKOM nixaSa C.C. CxpejibuoBMM-Kyp6axoBbiM. Oxpaabi Ey3HHa-BHna h
Poro3HHa-JIanTbi ocTanHCb b TbiJiy anoHueB.
BbiBtuHH HiieH Kep6HHCKoro BoeHpeBiiiTa6a (MaxeacHOro) IlaBJioB Hhko-
jian KoHCTaHTHHOBHq BcnoMHHaji, hxo Maxeac noflHaji 3-h B3Boa caxajiHHueB BO
rjiaBe c HBaHOM BoaaHbiM, noTpe6oBaB oxpaflHoro co6paHH« h npHHaxna 6e3-
orjiaraTejibHbix Mep, TateKaK no AMryHH nnbrayx Tpynw poacxBeHHHKOB napxH-
3aH. (KaKHe poncxBeHHHKH y caxanHHueB, 3x0 He oqeHb acHo.)
AneKcaump ArceKcaHapoBHH XaxyjiHH H3 rpynnti EcnnOBa b oxpaae Ba-
neeBa hh o KaKHX xpynax He BcnoMHHaji, a paccKa3WBaji, <rro EaneeB d>e3AHJi Ha
napoxoae "3MaHymi" b Kep6H, TaM nojiyHHJi 3aaaHHe apecxoBaxb H.T.AHflpeeBa
h AHApea HamHHa 3a HeBbinojmeHHe np«Ka3a 06 araice anoHueB y ycTba AMry-
HH. Ho no B03spameHHH CeiweH BaneeB He BbinojiHHJi npHKa3a, a eme c napoxo-
aa aan KOMaHAy nocxpoHXbca OTpaaaM h, coiiaa na 6eper, Tyr ace apecrroBaji
TpHropna EyAHin. PaccKa3aji, hxo no AMryHH HAex Teppop, paccTpejiHBaioT jik>-
atvi. Ha co6paHHH 6mjio peuieHO Bbicxyrrnxb npoxHB TpanHUbma. TaK, HepeuiH-

xenbHbiii ox npnpoflbi (a Moacex 6bixb, h no apyroft npHHHHe), H.TAHApeeB OKa-

3anca bo rnaBe Maxeaca. (Kcxaxn, y C.n.,fl,HenpoBCKoro (BnacoBa) EaneeB h Ah-
ApeeB npeBpamaioxca b oaho nnup - BoapeeBa. Mojkho cyawxb no 3xoMy, cKOJib
cyQteKXHBeH 6hji b CBoefl khhxckc axox asxop.)
BbicxynHJio okojio 100 nenOBeK. OpoHX 6hji 6pomeH. Ho, KaK hh cxpaH-
ho, 3a Becb nepHOA Kep6HHCKOK xpareflHH anoHUbi He coBepuiHUH hh cahhoh
BoeHHofl aKUHH h He yaapHJiH b xbui pa3BajiHBmeroca (J)poHxa. Ha Kaxepe
"Atma" rpynna BoccxaBiiiHx bo rnaBe c ^kobom EcnnoBbiM ABHHynacb k Yahh-
CKy h b HOHb c 1 na 2 HKWia pa30py)KHna cnaBmne nyneMexHbie KOMaHAbi. Bxopaa
rpynna, uieauiaa na napoxoae "SMaHymi" h SyKCHpyeMoft 6apace, 0Kpy>KHJia
Yahhck h cxajia apecxoBHBaxb KOMaHAOBaHHe <J>P0Hxa: CacoBa, CxpenbnoBa,
AMypoBa-Ko30AaeBa, KpHByjiHHa, Bcex, kxo 6jih3ko cxosji k TpanHUbmy. Bee
npoH30uiJio xaK HeoxHAaHHO h 6bicxpo, hxo He npo3Bynaji hh ojjhh Bbicxpen.
TpannubiH nepea 3xhm no6wBaji b Yahhckc h coo6iuhj[, hxo oxnpaBjiaexca
b SKHMHaH, a 3axeM b BnaroBemeHCK ana nonyneHHa npoflOBOJibcxBwa h npose-
AeMHa aajibHeHiuen 3BaKyanHH. 3onoxoK 3anac yace 6bui oxnpaBJieH Ha 3KHMHaH.

122
 Co6wth« b Kep6H pa3BHBajiHCt cneflyiomHM o6pa30M. K.Vl. TpanHUbiH h
H.M.JIe6efleBa HaxoflwiHCb Ha KaTepe "AMryHeu". 3KcneflHUH0HHMH OTpan
BHjiMaHOBa, HaH6onee npeflaHHbift TpanHUHHy, pacnojiaranca Ha napoxofle
"MypoM".
Apecr TpanHUbma 6bma npon3BecTH cneuHajibHaa rpynna H3 7
flOJiacHa

qenoBeK, b Hee bxoahjih JleoaapcKHH-OcHnoB, IlaK, EcwnoB, KoBaneB, IlpH-

xoflbKO, IlHcaeB ((JjaMHJiHro ceabMoro He 3Haio).

Tpynna noflHajiact Ha nany6y "AMryHua", nacoBOMy 6mji noKa3aH naKeT

c cypryHHbiMH nenaTaMH, h noKa oh paccMarpHBa.1 ero, to Sbicrpo 6bm o6e30-
pyweH, k flBepaM KaioTbi, rae pacnojiarajiacs oTflbixawioaa CMeHa Kapayna, 6mjih
BbicTaBJieHbi nacoBbie mjitcjkhhkob .

JleoaapcKHH nocTynaji b flBepb KaioTbi TpanHUbma, CKa3aB, hto npHBe3

naKeT ot CacoBa H3 uiTa6a t|)poHTa. fl.H.TpanHu.biH jtkhho 3Han Jleoflapcicoro a
noTOMy chokohho otkpmji flBepb. Ha KOMaHflyioiuero HanpaBHJM peBOJibBepw
JleoaapcKHH h IlaK, o6i>hbhb eiwy, hto oh apecTOBaH. Tot npHHsui coo6meHHe c
ycMeuiKofi, cKa3as: "3to MHe He BnepBbre. Kto noflHaji 6yHT? ^obojilho inyTKH
myTHTb". Ho noflHHHHJica npnKa3y EcwnoBa h noflHaji pyKH. IlaK OTKpbm flBepb

KaioTbi. HHHa Jle6efleBa neacajia Ha Koftfce, ho He cnajia. Cnpocwia, hto cnyHH-

jiocb. TpanHuwH CKa3afi eft, hto6h OHa oaeflacb h Bbiuuia.
Eme c MOMeHTa 3aHSTHs napTH3aHaMH HnicojiaeBCKa TparmubiH h JIe6e-
aeBa hchjih OTKpbiTO KaK Myac h >KeHa.
06ohx apecroBaHHbix nocaflHina b KaHaTHbift TpioM. napra3aH-Ky3Heii
Chmohob 3aKOBan Horn TpanHUbma b axopHbie uenH, pyKH cBa3ajiH.
OTpflfl BHflMaHOBa 6bin pa3opyaceH MflTewHHKaMH oTpaaa naBJioBa Hh-
khth KoHCTaHTHHOBHia c noMombio ero 6paTa, cnyjKHBiuero b OTpafle BuflMa-

HOBa 3aBeflyiomHM BOopy»ceHneM, kotopwh b momcht BbicaflKH Ha 6eper flecaH-

Ta MHTeacHHKOB Be3 BOopyaceHHe h 6oe3anac b cboh OTpflfl h 0Ka3axrcsf b pacno-
jioweHHH MHTeJKHHKOB. EpaTba CTajiH KpHHaTb noflH«TWM no TpeBore ynoJiHO-
MoneHHbiM no 3BaKyai;Hn BonbHbiM h paccbinaBiiJHMca b uenb 6ohluim BHflMa-
HOBa, hto npH6buiH cboh. 3to c6hjio c TOJiKy 3KcneflHUHOHHHKOB, h ohh conpo-
THBJieHHfl He OKa3aiiH. B Tpioine 6ap?KH OKa3anocb okojio 70 nejiOBeK.
Hepe3 ABa naca OTpaa EaneeBa h rpynna EcHnoBa cejiH Ha KOHeft h 6pocH-
nHCb floroHaTb OTpflfl H.H.JIaBpoBa, OTnpaBJieHHbift no MaHflaTy, noflnncaHHOMy
O.B.^Cene3HHbiM, O.X.AycceMOM h JLHTpanHiibiHbiM, h Be3yiHHft Ha Co(j)HH-
ckhh npHHCK 30jioto h flparoueHHOcra, hto6h OTTyfla flocraBHTb b Ejiarose-
meHCK. ^ToSbi onepHHTb TpanHiruHa, H.K.naBJioB Fracaji, hto TOT3Ko6bi xotch
6e5KaTb c 3ojiotom b KHTafi, ho 3HaromeMy reorpa(J)HHecKyio KapTy noHaTHo, hto
c CotJjHHCKoro npHHCKa b KHTaft He nonafleuib, a nyTb Beji b EnaroBeineHCK, rae
6buia CoBeTCKaa BJiacTb. Bo3BpameHHoe 30J10T0 6mjio 3axoponeHO Ha EnaBHOM
CTaHe 'ToHrpeH". OxpaHflTb ero ocrajica OTpflfl BaneeBa. EcwnoB yexan b Kep6n
flna pa6oTbi bo BHOBb c4>opMHpoaaHHOM PeBuiTa6e.
Matokhhkh ToponHJiHCb. npocTO y6«Tb TpanHUbiHa ohh He nocMe™, 3a
3To motjih oTOMCTHTb ocTaBuiHecfl HeapecTOBaHHbiMH npeaaHHbie TpanwubiHy

123
KpacHOapMenubi h KOMaHawpbi, aa h cpa3y ace oncpbuiHCb 6bi rna3a y MHorax Ha
npoHCxoaamee. (Bcero 6mjio apecroBaHO okojio 450 HenoBek.)
O tom, KaK nonaaajiH b cyabH, h 06 hx MopanbHOM coctohhhh CBHaeTenb-
CTByer aoiuiaa MHHMcrpy HHOcrpaHHbix aen RBP ot 22 wiapxa 1922 roaa SbiBiue-
ro npeaceaaTena cjieacTBeHHOH komhcchh:
"K 6bm H36paH npeaceaaTejieM BecejioropcKofl cjieacrBeHHoii komhcchh h
Koraa xoxeji yitraoHHTbca ot stoh Hecrra KaK TSHcenopaHeHbiii, to MHe CKa3ajiH,
hto OTKa3 6yaeT cohtch 3a co ny bctbhc TpanHijbiHy. HecMOTpa Ha Taacejioe co-
CTO^HHe 3flopOBbH MHe npHimioCb coraacHTbca h npHHaTb Ha ce6a aonacHOCTb
npeaceaaTena..."
KaK BHflHM, crpax npeaonpeaeJiHJi coraacHe Mnxanna HHKOJiaeBHna
HayMeHKO-HayMOBa. Moxho noHHTb, KaKHe bhboam 3a asa ana pa6oTbi caena-
na komhcchh b yroay TeM, kto ee co6npaji h aca>Kaan KpoBH TpannubiHa h 6jih3-
khx k HeMy jiioaeH, hto6m 7 HioJia npHcrynHTb k cyay, Ha ocHOBaHHH KOToporo
HanaJiHCb paccrpejibi. HayMeHKO-HayMOB b nocjieayiomeM noa cbohmh aoKna-
aaMH Bceraa nHcan "HHBajma", KaK 6m noanepKHBaa, HTo6bi k HeMy oco6eHHo
He npHBa3biBanHCb. Oh oTMenan: "TpsnmndH ao KOHua, no nocjieaHen ceKyHabi
Ben ce6a ctohko, He BWKa3MBaa cjia6ocrH, JIe6eaeBa h apyrne Sbijih TpanKaMH.
Koraa 6wn nan 3ajin no ocyxcaeHHMM, to Bee ynanH, TpannubiH Jieaca, paHeHbifi
o6paTHJica k Hhhc, CKa3aB: - HHHa, tm XHBa? - h nonyHHB yTBepaHTejibHbiii ot-
BeT, aoSaBHJi:- MHe TOJibKO Te6a h acajiKO. OcrajibHbie nponaaaft nponaaOM...

Ilocjie3Toro noaouien KOMaHayiomHH KapaTenbHbiM OTpaaoM h BWCTpejiOM Ka-

SKAOMy b bhcok H3 peBOJibBepa noKOHHHJi c npecTynHHKaMH..."
PaccrrpenoM iLH.TpaiiHUMHa pyKOBOaHJi 5Ikob CepreeBHH EcHnoB. PyKa
ero He apornyjia. HHHa
JIe6eaeBa 6biJia y6HTa Ha neTBepTOM Mecaue 6epeMeHHo-
cth. najranefi sto He BOHHOBano, ho ohh 3HajiH, hto paccrpejiaHHbiH mojkct
BcrraTb H3 mophjim, KaK BCTaji paccTpenaHHbifi KajiMMKOBuaMH H.C.EeccoHOB
oceHbio 1918 roaa.
J^OKyMeHTbi cyaa CBHaeTejibCTByiOT, hto Hhhc JIe6eaeBOH cya He cmot
npeataBHTb HHnero cepi>e3Horo, hto Morno 6w npeaonpeaenHTb ee Ka3Hb. Hnne-
ro, KpoMe Toro,.. hto 6bma HananbHHKOM lllTa6a KpacHOH ApMHH, 6jih3KHM
HejioBeKOM TpannubiHy. TaK TparanecKH 3aKOHHHJiacb Jito6oBb 3THX flByx jiio-
aeft, pacuBemiaa b KpOBaBbie roaw 6paToy6HHCTBeHHOH bohhh, ho He npHHec-
uiaa njioaa.
KapTHHy paccTpena aonojiHaeT BocnoMHHaHHe 6biBiuero napTH3aHa MBa-
Ha KoHcraHTHHOBHHa JlaTHiueBa.
"Koraa npoHcxoawjia Ka3Hb TpanHUbraa h ero coo6hihhkob, a b cocTaBe
B3BOflHoro Kapayna ctohji Ha rpaHHue nocejiKa h MecTa Ka3HH, He aonyCKaa Tyaa
npoxoaa nocT0p0HHHX.(3TH cnoBa OTBepraioT, hto Ka3Hb npoHcxoAHJia b npn-
cyrcTBHH MHoacecTBa MecTHbix jKHTejieii. - r.JI.) Ka3Hb npoxoamia cBerawM
HiojibCKHM BenepoM, b 12-m nacy... TpanHHbiH 6hji 6e3 ronoBHoro y6opa. Ha
HHacHioio copoHKy 6bina HaKHHyTa Ha roienH ero KoacaHaa KypTKa, pyKH CBa3aHbi
Ha3aa. Horn b KaHaajiax. JIe6eaeBa 6buia oaeTa b xpOMOBbie canora h nepHoe
niepcTaHoe nnaTbe. nocne nepBoro 3anna nonypoTbi EcnnoBa Te, kto 6biJi He
124
y6nT, flOCTpemiBaJiHCb eAHHHHHbiMH BbicxpenaMH npn npOBepKe komhcchh, ko-
Topaa 6buia Tain. TpannubiHa, JIe6eaeBy h eme koto-to npHCTpeimnH yxe paHe-
Hbix h jieacaiHHX Ha 3eMJie. IIoxopoHHJiH hx Ha Apyroft AeHb b o6eA, a ao 3-roro
BpcMCHH Hapofl cbo6oaho xoflun Ha MecTO xa3HH. ITpH paccTpejie BTopoK rpyn-
nbi a bHapa^e yace He 6mji, a roTOBHJica c otpbaom b noe3AKy 3a 30HOTOM, koto-
poe TpannubiH OTnpaBHJi Ha CoiJmhckhh npHHCK..."
nocjie 3Toro paccTpejia "cya 103-x" pa36e>KaAca h npHumocb ABaacAM
c03aaBaTb BoeHHbie xpn6yHajibi. B pe3yjibTaTe 3HaHHTejibHaji nacTb apecTOBaH-
Hbix 6bma npocrro BbmymeHa, okojio 30 tcjiobbk ocBo6o>KAeHbi H3-noa apecrra no
cyflyKaK onpaBAaHHbie, h 30 qenoBeic ocy*AeHbi k pa3JiHHHbiM cpoKaM 3aKjiK>He-
HHa. B 3to hhcjio BxoflHJiH CTpejibuoB-Kyp6aTOB, naBJiro^eHKO h apyrae.
OcBo6oacfleHHbie no cyay h 30 nejiOBeic ocywAeHHbix 6bmH ornpaBneHbi Ha
SKHMnaH. IlepBbie caMocToaTenbHO neuiKOM h BTopbie noA oxpaHOH KOHBoa b
KOJiH^ecTBe 30 KopeiiueB. 3aneM hx OTnpaBHjm?
Ha Becejioii TopKe oacH«aji OTpaA C.EaneeBa, a cneAOM jjBHHyjica OTpaA
H.K.ITaBJioBa, HMea TafiHWH npnKa3 06 yHHHToaceHHH BbiuieauiHX H3 Kep6n ape-
CTaHTOB h ocBo6oxtaeHHbix. Ho Ha cTaHe Pora (6jih3 Topejioro) apecTOBaHHbie
o6e3opy>KHiiH oxpaHy, Koxopaa npHCoeAHHHJiacb k apecTaHTaM, m Bee BMecre
ymjiH b Tafiry. C JiHiueHHaMH ohh bhuijih k HaHaficKOMy cTOfi6Hmy Kohaoh na
peKe TopiOH, a 3axeM cnycTHJiHCb k AMypy h bjikjihcb b napra3aHCKHH OTpaj
BoHKO-naBJioBa. 3a 6erjieuaMH SpocHJiHCb oTpsAbi naBJioBa h BaieeBa, ho ot
peKH Cmhtkh B03BpaTHHHCb, y6eAHBuiHCb b 6ecnojie3HOCTH npecjie/ioBaHHa.
KoMHecap npoflOBOJibCTBHa BacHJiHH HBaHOBHH HeqaeB h ccKpeTapb hc-
nojiKOMa HwraHOK, ocBo6o5KAeHHbie cyflOM h npH3HaHHbie HesHHOBHbiMH, pe-
iuhjih caMocToaTejibHo aoSpaTbca ao 3KHMHaHa, a 3aTeM ao EjiaroBemeHCKa.
Okojio EypefiKH ohh 6mjih y6HTbi npeacxaBHTejieM "HOBoro PeBiiiTa6a" napTH-
3aH0M nepaeBbiM, npeflBapHTejibHO 6yayMH pa3AeTw h orpa6jieHbi hm.
OTpaaaM FlaBnoBa, EanamoBa h #HHHa 6biJia nocTaBJieHa 3aAana Bbicxy-
nHTb HaBCTpeny HAyweMy Ha Kep6w OTpa«y Poro3HHa-JlanTbi, kotophh no-
KJianca oTOMCTHTb 3a CMepTb fl.H-TpanHu.biHa h cTapbix napTH3aH. naBHOB h
BanamoB ocTajiHCb Ha KpacHOM flpy, a OTpaA JlHHHa b KOJiHiecrBe 30 4ejiOBeK
Aoiuen ao BepxHeg TaM6oBKH, rae 6biJi pa30pya<eH JlanTofi h TaM ace ocTasjieH
6e3 opyjKHa, nacTb oxpaAa npwcoeAHHHAacb k Poro3HHy-JIanTe.
B 3to Bpeiwa JX.C. Ey3HH-BHH nonyHHJi ot /J.H.EoHKO-naBJioBa yKa3aHne
3aAep-*aTb h paccrpejiaTb JIairry KaK npeAaT&na xa6apOBCKHX noAnojibmHKOB b
OKTa6pe 1919 roAa.
Mto KacaeTca npeAaTejibCTBa JIanTbi, to oh 3Toro He CKpbiBan h eme 3 ho-
a6pa 1919 roAa nocjie napTH3aHCKOfi KOH({>epeHHHH bo BceM noKaajica, npH3Haji,
hto ot no6oeB cManoAyiDHHiaji, nOKa3HBaji HcceqeHHyro KpOBasyio cnHHy Eec-
coHOBy h JIe6eAeBOH, nomianca KpoBbio HCKynHTb cboio BHHy. Ero npocTHJiH.
K TOMy >Ke BwacHHAOcb, hto ocHOBHaa rpynna, b tom hhcjic Xa6apoBCKHH
komhtct, 6biua BbiAaHa 3aBap3HHbiM, KOTopbiii, OKa3aBuiHCb Ha cbo6oac, c6e»<aji
b KnTaii, a Jlama, noHHMaa, neM e\iy rpo3HT B03BpaT, Bee »ce npnuien k napTH-

125
3aHaM. 3a Becb nocjieayioujHH nepHOfl oh noKa3aji, hto KnaTBy aepjKHT, otjih-
hhuch b pajje 6oeB, b tom HHCJie npH B33THH KpenocTH MHbippax.
Bot CBMaeTentcTBo M.H.HayMewco-HayMOBa:
"rioane 3Toro (paccTpeji b TiopbMe 6ejiorBapfleHueB bo BpeMa 6oeB 12-15
MapTa. - r.Jl.) HHK3KHX ySHHCTB flO nojiOBHHbi anpena He 6mjio. Ha BpeMa 60-

Jie3HH TpariHUMHa BpeiweHHo KOMaHjryioiiwM BoficKaMH cran JIanTa. M xoTa pe-

nyTauHa sroro rpa>KflaHHHa 6bma BecbMa coMHHTejibHa, ho ao BboaopoBJieHHa
TpanHUbma HHKaKHX 6e3o6pa3HH He Smjio..."
H3 Bcero onepKa HHTaTejiio bhjiho, hto BoiiKO-naBJioB b tot nepHon an-
thbhoh aeaTejibHOCTH He npoflBJiaji b napTH3aHCK0H 6opb6e h BjmaHHa Ha co6bi-
rm He 0Ka3biBaji, earn He CTOTaTb nonbiTKy y6nHCTBa TpanHUbma nocbuiKOH
flByx areHTOB. Ilocjie paccTpejia pyKOBOflCTBa KpacHoft ApMHH h pyKOBonamero
cocTaBa CaxajiHHCKoro o6nacTHoro HcnojiKOMa MSTOKHHKaMH b Kep6n
A-H.BoHKO-riaBiioB HanoMHHJi o CBoeM cymecTBOBaHHH BecbMa CBoeo6pa3HO.
ITepea KOMaHflyiomHM AMypcKHM <j)poHTOM J\.C. IllHJUOBbiM oh BbicTaBJiaex Ey-
3HHa-BHMa MapoaepoM h ciioabidkhhkom TpanHUbma. LLIhjiob no^4HHaeT cbohm
npHKa30M fl,.C.Ey3HHa-EHHa BoHKO-IlaBJiOBy h oflHOBpeMeHHO o6T>aBJiaeT ero
BHe 3aKOHa, T.e. sto 03HaHajio B03M0*H0CTb y6niicTBa By3HHa-BHHa 6e3 cyaa h
CJieflCTBHH. ^.C.By3HH-EHH 0Ka3bIBaeTCH B BeCbMa CJ105KHOM HOJlOJKeHHH.
MHoro BpeMeHH cnycra BeccoHOB nncan: "Y BHqa-By3MHa Gmjih nopoKH,
ho 0 hhx a Mory roBopKTb JiHiiib nocne 03HaKOMJieHHa c ero BOcnoMHHaHHHMH.
Oaho HHUib noKa Mory CKa3aTb, hto By3HH He 6bin 6ejiorBap.aeHu.eM. 3to KJieBe-
Ta. Kojih BoiiKO-naBJioB onycTHJica no hczioctohhoh KOMMyHHCTa KJieBeTbi Ha
pa;j paSoTHHKOB, HrpaBiiiHX pojib, Sojibiuyio, neM oh caM, a npouiy CKa3aTb, KaK

bbi pacueHHBaeTe raKOft <j)aKT?.."*

^(.C.By3HH-BHH peuiaeT BbinonHHTb pacnopaaceHHe EoHKO-IiaBJiOBa o jih-
KBHflauHH Poro3HHa-JlanTbi. OTpaa Ey3HHa b tot nepHo/j b ochobhom cocroaji
H3 KopeftueB, a JIanTbi - H3 pyccKHX. By3MH-BH i BbipaGoTaji njiaH, no KOTopoMy
i

ABa cHJibHbrx napra3aHa cxBaTax Ha KpbiJibue Jlanxy 3a pyKH, a apyrae paaopy-

acax ero. Oahhm H3 abohx 6hji Ha3HaieH .Hkob HIhiiobckhh, 6mbiuhh a/ibiOTaHT
Jlarrrw. Ho bmlujio Bee He xaK, KaK Sbuio 3aayMaHo.
Kor^a Poro3HH-JlanTa Bbiuieji Ha yjmuy, rae cToan ero h KopeiicKHH ot-
pxa, Hkob lllHnOBCKHH cxBaTHJi CBoero KOMaHflHpa C3a/m, CTapaacb yaep>KaTb
ero pyKH. B 3T0T momcht KOMaH^Hp KopeiiueB fOrati 3ocHMa noflCKOHHJi k HeMy
h BbicrpenHJi b ronoBy flKOBy. nyna CKOJib3Hyna no nepeny. 06jinBa«cb KpoBbio,
LUHnoBCKHH Bee >Ke He Bbinycrnji Jlamy. flpyrwe noa6e)KaBU]He KOpefim.1 He-
CKOJibKHMH BbiCTpenaMH y6HJiH KDraa h CMepTejibHO paHHJiw Poro3HHa-JIanTy.
BcKOpe tot yMep h 6bin noxopOHeH okojio HaHaScKoro CT0w6Hma Bhhh Ha peKe
TopiOH.
By3HH-BHH, o6beflHHHB 06a OTpaaa, ymen uoa Xa6apoBCK. B 1937 ro«y oh
HC^e3HeT b ropHHJie penpeccHfi.

'
HinoxeHHe (JiaKra HMeer OTHOiueHMe k il.H.BoftKO-naBjioBy, 4to6m He HapymaTb no-
cneflOBaxenbHOCTb noaecTBOBaHKH, He paccMaTpHaaeTca.
126
 .

OTpsfl JlHHHa B03BpaTHJica b Kep6n, rfle nojiHbiM xoaom roTOBHUHCb k

3BaKyai;HH b AMypcKyio o6jiacTb.
Okojio qerupex c nojioBHHofi Tbican HceHiunH h AeTen no corjiacoBaHHio c
anoHCKHM KOMaHaoBaHHeiw 6hjih oTnpaBJieHbi Ha napoxo/tax no AMypy b E.na-
roBemeHCK.
riofl o6eihm KOMaHflOBaHHeM H.K.riaB^OBa, cicpbiTHo 36 nyaoB 30Jioxa,
ynaKOBaHHbie b 7 hluhkob h norpy>KeHHbie Ha napoKOHHbie noABOAbi, oxpanae-
Mbie neTbipbMfl B3BOflaMH - b aBaHrapAe, apbeprapxie h ABa no (JwiaHraM, - 6buiH
HanpaBneHM b EjiaroBemeHCK. TaM 3to 30jioto 6hjio caaHo b roc6aHK.
H3 AMypcKOH o6nacTH npH6biJin E3flaK0B h Be3AHHH, h3 ocTaTKOB Kpac-
hoh Apmhh HHKHero AMypa ohh ccj>opMnpoBa.irn 19-h nonK HPA. IlepBbiH H3
hhx craji KOMaHflHpoM nojiKa, a btopoh - KOMHccapoM* MnpHoe HacejieHHe .

3BaKyHpoBanocb H3 Kep6w, 3a hum noTaHyjiHCb bohhckhc nacTH. IlepBbiM bh-

CTynnji KOpeHCKHH 6aTa;ibOH raHHMeflosa, 3aTeM apTHJiJiepHCTbi bo rnaBe c Ah-
apeeBbiM, b TpeTbio onepeab nouien OTpflA EaneeBa, pa3flejiHBLUHCb Ha flBa 3uie-
noHa.
IlpoHfla 3KHMHaH, CroftCy, EypeHHCKHH nepeBari, CejieMflacHHCK, peKy
CTofl6y, oTpaflbi bmiujih Ha peKy 3eio h b aeKa6pe 1920 roaa npn6bi.rin b ropoa
CB060flHbIH.
K 3T0My BpeMeHH, eme 23 OKTa6pa 1920 rofla, ropoa Xa6apoBCK 6hji oc-
TaBJieH anoHCKHMH BoiicKaMH, h b Hero bouijih Hacra 3-ii 6pnraabi HPA ah- m
bh3hh A.K.OneroHTOBa.
naprn3aHCKoe ABH)KeHne Ha Hhjkhcm Aiwype npeKpa-rnnocb, «rro6bi BHOBb
B03HHKHyTb b fleica6pe 1921 roaa npn noflxoae k Xa6apoBCKy GejiorBapflewcKHx
qacTeii reHepan-Maiiopa B.M.MonnaHOBa, 6ponieHHbix no npHKa3y MepicyjioB-
CKoro npaBHTenbCTBa h no crrpacraoMy >KejmHHK> anoHCKHx HHTepBeHTOB, ran He
OCTaBHTb pyCCKHH flajIbHHH Boctok.
WejiaBIIlHX
llpHKa30M C.M.CepbiuieBa KOMaHflHpaMH asyx napTH3aHCKHX oTpaflOB
6buiH Ha3Ha iieHbr H.n.lileBHyK H^.H.BoHKO-naBJiOB**
Hto CKa3aTb b 3aKJiK>HeHHe?
Korfla n.C.Ilap^eHOB nncaji cnoBa ajis 3aMeHaTeiibHoft necHH "no aojih-
HaM, no 3aropb?iM" (hmchho TaK npaBHflbHo oHa Ha3biBanacb b 1920 roay), to b
Heft 6buiH cnoBa: "H ocTaHyrca, Kax CKa3Ka, xaK MaHamHe ojthh, uiTypMOBbie
homh CnaccKa, HHKOJiaeBCKHe ahh". H nenn 3to o nonax, xoraa Hacra peBOJiK>-
UHOHHbtx boKck uiTypMOBajiw CnaccK 8 h 14 anpena 1920 roaa, 3aHarbiH anoH-
iwmh, h o HHKOJiaeBCKHx flHax, Koraa nap-rioaHbi noa pyKOBOflCTBOM JlKOBa

npn pemcuMM sonpoca 06 oxnpaBKe xeHmHH h fleTeK napoxoaoM b Xa6apoDCK nncwm>i

sajiepxajiK BeinHMHa; ompaBHim cro Ha Caxa^KH, a hotom, Mepe3 Bjiaixw boctok h Xa6apoBCK,
TojibKO b aeKa6pe oh npHSyaeT 8 r.CBo6ojiHbiii.
B onepaTMBHbix csojiKax HPA 1922 roaa ecrb CBeaeHMa 06 OTnpaBKe kohhwx h neiiiHX
**

HaponoapMeiiueB c nyjieMeTaMM iuia jiMKBuaaunH "maeK H3 6aHii LUeB<iyKa h BoHKO-IlaB^oBa".

B OflHOM H3 0630POB HO 6opb6e C 63HHMTK3MOM CKa33HO: "H3BeCTHb[i4 B npHaMypbe 6aHflMT
UleBMyK caajica". Ho cyjib6a pacnopajiMjiacb no-CBoeMy. H.n.LUeBHyK craHer reHepMOM Kpac-
Moii ApMHH h norn6HeT B 6ok>, 3amnmafl PojWHy ot HeMeuKO-tpaiuHCTCKHX boSck. A-H.BoRko-
IlaB^oB craneT nojiKOBHMKOM HKBil m yinper b 1964 roiiy nocjie juiHTe^bHofi thjkc^oh 6one3HH.
 T
MBaHOBHHa TpanHUHHa BoeBajra b HmconaeBCKe-Ha-AMype nponiB jmomjeB.
TonbKO b 1929 roay C.A.Ajihmob bkjiiohhji 3Ty necHio b cbok> opaTopHW, mus-
hhb b Heft cnoBa, a b 1962 rosy 6wjio AOKa3aHo aBTOpCTBO FIap<J)eHOBa. HyacHo
6mjio npOHTH MHorHM roaaM, hto6m OTKpwnaci, HCTopHHecKaa npaBAa o necHe.
Her covtHeHHa, hto npofiAer eme HeMajio bpcmchh, npe>KAe neM OTKpoerca ecu
npaBAa o KepSnHCKHx co6broiax, ho yace cennac a Mory cica3aTb, hto npnuieji k
TBepflOMy y6e)KfleHHio: Kep6HHCKaa Tpareana 6biJia nepBOH aKHnefl npoTMB Co-
BCTCKOH BJiaCTH nOfl 3HaM6HeM... npeflaHHOCTH CoBeTCKOH BJtaCTH.
B nocjieAyiomeM, b 1935-1938 roAax, b CCCP 6yAeT npoBeaeHO umpo-
nafliuee rapa>KHpoBaHHe fioaoShmx aKUHfi, b kotophx norn6HyT caMtie necTHtie
h npeAaHHtie Hapoay jiioah. flocnraTOHHO CKa3arb, hto iiohth ece KOMcwdupu
nojmoe, 6amam>OH06 u pom HapoflHO-peBoniouHOHHOH apMHH £BP, ynacTBO-
BaBuiKe b 6oax nporaB Sejitix Ha 3HaMeHHTOH BoJionaeBKe, 6wjih penpeccHpo-
BaHW, a aKTHBHeHuiHH npoBOflHHK penpeccHft b Xa6apoBCKe TeHpHx JIioujkob
c6okht b .SnoHHio, Kan h ero npeaiuecTBeHHHK HBaH Thxohobhh AHApeeB.
He 3Aecb jih TafiHa MHorax h mhoi-hx penpeccnn, a no cyTH - npoAOJixceHHa
POCCHHCKOH Tpa>KAaHCKOH BOHHH, HO yTKS ApyrHM MeTOAOM?
Hto xe KacaeTca .H.H.TpanHUbtHa, to He 6yAeM 3a6biBaTb, hto Bcero b 23
roAa ot pOAy oh cran KOMaHAyiouiHM co3AaHHOH hm caMHM apMHH.
nnox oh hjih xopoui - 06 3tom cyAHTb KaiKAOMy b oTAenbHOCTH b Mepy
cbohx CHMnaTHft hjih aHTHnaTHH, a o6T>eKTHBHO roBopa, tojibko 3HanHTejibHaa
HcropMHecKaa jihhhoctb cnoco6Ha Ha TaKHe cBepmeHHa.
A Tenept nonpo6yHTe npoaHajuoHpoBaTb, KaK 6mjih ycTpaHeHM KOMMy-
hhcth ot pyKOBOACTBa b CCCP, pa3pyuieHO 3TO rocyAapcTBO. MHorae a MHorae
He noimiH 6m 3a JiHAepaMH, o6ycjiOBHBUiHMH coBpeMeHHbre co6biraa, ecnn 6h
3th jiHAepbi CKa3ann o cbohx KOHenHbix uejiax, ho ohh Ha ruiaKaTax CHanana rra-
canH "Bca BJiacn. CoBeTaM'.", h 3-tot*e Jio3yHr 6tui Ha MawKe rejiexcypHajiHCTa,
HWHe otkphto 3aaBJiaK)mero, hto oh BcerAa 6opojica npoiHB KOMMynHCTHHe-
CKOH HAeH...

128
 "ilo dOAUHUM, HO 3dlOpbJlM"
B Mockobckom ropoacKOM cyje 3 (fceBpajia 1962 roaa AHTOHHHa AneKce-
eBHa nap<|>eHOBa .troSmiacb npH3HaHHa aBTopcTBa cjiob ikchh "Ilo ^ojiHHaM h
no B3ropbHM" 3a ee 6hbihhm My>KeM, Ilap(})eHOBHM ITeTpoM Ccmchobhhcm, KaK
6wjio ycraHOBJieHO, nepBOHa^ajibHO necHH Ha3biBanacb "Ilo aojiHHaiw, no 3a-
ropbaM", h ne™ H3HaqajibH0 He "BonoqaeBCKHe aim", a "Hwco/iaeBCKHe aim", b
naM^Tb o repoHnecKHX ahax napTH3aH HnxHero AMypa, ocBo6oaKBmHX ropoa
HnKOJiaeBCK-Ha-Azuype ot 6ejiorBapfleilueB, a 3aTeM ao JieTa 1920 roaa yflep>KH-
BaBLUHx ero, o6oponaacb ot anoHCKHX bohck, KOTopbie k TOMy BpeMeHH yace ot
BnaAHBocTOKa ao Xa6apoBCKa 6buiH hojihhmh xo3aeBaMH nojioacemra, h
"uiTypMOBbie hohh CnaccKa" - sto He oKTa6pb 1922 rona, a anpejitcKHe coSbiraa
1920 ro,aa, Koraa »$acTH peBOJiiouHOHHbix bohck c 7 no 14 anpejia urrypMOBajiH
CnaccK, crapaacb ocBo6o^HTb ropoa ot jhiohckhx HHTepBeHTOB.
CA.Ajimmob no 3aaaHHio nonHrynpaBJieHHa Oco6oh KpacH03HaMeHH0H
J(ajibHeBOCTOHHOH apMHH b 1929 roay bkjuohhji tckct necnn b opaTopnio
"OK^BA", h c toh nopw CHHTanocb, hto neono Hanncaji oh.
MTaK, b Mockobckom cy^e 6bino ycraHOBJieHO aBTopcTBO oiob neCHH 3a
HenoBeKOM, cyflb6a KOTOporo He Hauina CBoero OTpa«eHHa b 3HUHKJioneflHH
'TpaamaHCKaa BOHHa h BoeHHaa HHTepBeHUHa b CCCP", ho opraHHHHo cB«3aHa
C .HajIbHHM BoCTOKOM, C repOHHeCKHMH C06bITHSMH yCTaHOBJieHHH CoBeTCKOH
BJiacTH Ha oKpaHHe Pocchh. Ho penb b aaHHOM onepKe noflfleT He o necne...
Kto oh, rieTp CeMeHOBHH Ilap^eHOB?
H3BecTHbifl 6ejiorBapaeHCKHH reHepan Bhktop MnxaHJioBmr MoJinaHOB*
(KOMaHflnp 3-ro Kopnyca ^anbHe-BocToiHofi ApMHH, pyKOBOflHBUMH 6ejioH ap-
MHen b Xa6apoBCKOM noxofle 1921-1922 rr.) roBoproi, <rro ITap^eHOB - 3to
"eBpefl XaiiMOBHq h TonbKo yMeno Bocnonb30Banca (JjaMHJiHeii nojiKOBHHKa
riap^eHOBa, aaBHO y6HToro b 6opb6e c 6ojibiueBHicaMH".
CaM ace rieTp CeMeHOBHH c uiyTKofi rosopHji: "Moa 4>H3HOHOMna aBHO
roBopHT 3a pyccKoe npoHcxoxtneHHe".
Hto Kacaerca espeiicKoro npOHCXoxweHHa nap<t>eHOBa, to 3aecb
B.M.MoniaHOB sbho oinnGajica, ho b othouichhh "nojiKOBHHKa" oihhSkh hc
6hjio, xotx b CBoeS aBTo6Horpa(J)HH II.C.nap4>eHOB 06 3TOM (h BOo6me o cjiyac-
6e b Sejioft apMHH) yManHHBaer. ^OKyMeHTajibHbiMH jjaHHbiMH noflTBepincaaeTca
npncBoeHHe n.C.llap^eHOBy npHKa30M no BoeHHOMy BeAOMCTBy ot 22 OKTa6pa
1919 ro^a 3BaHHa noanojiKOBHHK. B crapofl apMHH b oSpaiueHHH k noanojiKOB-
HHKy o6mhho roBopnJiH "nojiKOBHHK", ho He HCKraoneHO, ito npHCBoemie 3Ba-
HHa noJiKOBHHK IIap<j)eHOBy b KOJiiaKOBCKOH apMHH 6bino npoH3BeaeHO, a ao-
KyMeHTW He coxpaHHJiHCb. B stoh cbh3H HHTepecHo, hto B.M.MojinaHOBy aTa-
MaHOM CeMeHOBHM 6buio npHCBoeHo 3BaHHe "reHepaji-JieiiTeHaHT", ho H3-3a
pa3HoraacHH HfleftHoro xapaKTepa c CeMeHOBbiM MojinaHOB caM 0TKa3anca ot

"
B HeKOTopux aoKyMeHTax MoiwaHOBa HasuBaior Bhktophh MnxafLnoBKH.
9- In 2480 129
3Toro 3BaHHH h b HCTopHHecKOH jiHTepaxype oh npoxoflHT b 3BaHHM reHepan-
Mafiopa.
B onepice "HenoBeK yAHBHTCiibHOH cy^t6bi" cKa3aHo: "B ahh KonnaKOB-
ckoh peanuHH b Ch6hph Flexp CeMeHOBHH riap<j)eHOB npoHHK b K0Hxppa3BeflKy
BepxoBHoro npaBHxejia, hochji noroHbi acaEmapMCKoro noJiKOBHHKa, CHa6>Kaji,
bhahmo, He TOJibKO KaMeHCKoe h 6apHayjibCKoe noAnojibe ceicpeTHbiMH CBeae-
HHflMH, flOKyMeHTaMH".
Ilap4)eHOB rierp CeMeHOBHq poAHJica 12 hioha (b aBxo6Horpa<f)HH Hiojia)
1894 roaa b c.HHKOJibCKOM HepHOcaHCKofl bojiocxh Eexie6eeBCKoro ye3Aa Yc{)hm-
ckoh ry6epHHH. Ero npe^KH Bee 6hjih KpeCTbHHaMH. Oreu H MaTb npnexajiH H3
Pfl3aHCKOH ry6epHHH b c.HHKOJibCKoe, y6eraa ot rojiOAHoro 1891 roAa. B MapTe
1913 rofla poAHxejm nepeceJiroiHCb b AnxaiicKyio ry6epHnro. Ebui Ilerp cxapuiHM
b ceMbe H3 mecTH SpaTbeB h naxa cecTep. BecHofl 1905 roAa oh okohhhji cejib-
CKyio oflHOKJiaccHyio 3eMCKyio uiKony, r^e yiHJica xpH roAa, h 3a ycnexH eiwy bh-
aajiH noxBanbHMH jihct h "HcxopHio BeTxoro 3aBeTa". KaK h 6ojibiiiHHcxBo ero
CBepcTHHKOB, oh c ABenaAuaTH Jiex nac cbhhch, itotom 6aTpa^HJi naxb jiex, b 3h-
mbi 1909 h 1910 roflOB paSoTaji KynepoM b ropoAe 3JiaToycrbe h bo3«ihkom apob
y noapafliHKa BoniHeBa. npHuinocb eMy nopa6oTaTb h qepHopaSoHHM Ha jieco-
ITHJIbHOM 3aBOfle, H KaMeHUJHKOM npH IIOCXpOHKe >Kejie3H0A0p05KH0H IUKOJIbl B
Y(j)e.IIotom cyflbQa noBena ero Ha boctok. BMecxe c n.H.BorHanieBbiM, TaKHM
ace HenpHKaflHHbiM 6e3pa6oxHbiM, oh 0Ka3&nca Ha cxaHUHH Eop3a b 3a6aHKajibe,

rae pa6oTanH Ha peMOHTe napoB030B, noAasanH Apcma h yrojib Ha naccaacHp-

cKHe noe3aa. Ho EorHaneB pBaiica k 6ojibiiiHM aeHbraM, xoTeji pa36oraTeTb h
yBJiex ITap4)eH0Ba cHanajia niaxTbi, a 3aTeM Ha CTaHUHio MaHbHacy-
Ha yronbHbie
pHa KHTaiicKO-BocTOMHOH 5tcene3H0H .aopora. 3aecb Aopora coTOBapHiueft pa-
30uuiHCb. EorHaneB BnocjieAcxBHH CTaHeT oneHb GoraTbiM aoMOBJiaaejibueM b
Xap6HHe, a n.C.napcjDeHOB aKXHBHbiM 6opuoM 3a HOByro >KH3Hb, ho ao 3Toro
riepeA hhm Qbina eme roAbi CKHxaHHii h nonbiTOK HaitTH cBoe Mecro b >kh3hh.
BMecre c smenoHOM nepecejieHueB oh 12 anpejia 1912 rofla npwexaji bo Bna/jiiBO-
ctok, c6e>KaB or 6aKaneHHoro xoproBixa T.H.CypHHOBa - "acaAHoro h rpa3Horo
apMaHHHa", KaK xapaKTepn30Baji ero caM Flexp. HmueHCKaa »H3Hb, hohcbkh b
nycxbrx BaroHax, 3axeM pa6oxa noBapoM h HaKOHeu - MaTpocoM, noMommiKOM
KOnerapa Ha cyaax ^o6poBOJibHoro cjniOTa. B sarpaHHHHOM pence 3a6onen jih-
xopaaKOH h 6bin noMemeH b aHniHHCKHH rocnHTajib b llIaHxae. BHOBb HeAenH
th3kkhx CKHxaHHH, B03BpaiueHHe bo BjiaAHBocxoK, rAe yAanocb yCTpoHTbca pa-
6oTaxb CHanana KopHflopHbiM b HOMepa "Pocchh", a 3aTeM noMomHHKOM uiBeH-
uapa b roCTHHHuy "IJeHTpaxib". FIocxynHJi Ha BenepHHe Kypcbi C.r.HjibHHCKoro,
cTapuiero 6yxranTepa $HpMbi "HypHH h K°". BMecxe c HjibHHCKHM yexaji b
Xap6HH, r^e, 3aK0H4HB Kypcbi, nocTynwji pa6oTaTb cnexoBOAOM b o6mecTBO no-
Tpe6HTejieH pa6oiHX h cjiysKamnx KB3K/I,. Bhji yBOneH oxxyaa 3a MajiorpaMOT-
Hocxb. ribixajica c^axb 3KCTepHOM Ha aTrecraT 3pejiocxn npH Xap6HHCKOii thm-
Ha3HH Afmepca, ho nocne npoBana Ha 3K3aMeHe pemHJi noKOHHHTb *H3Hb caMO-
y6HHCXB0M, 6pocHBiiiHCb noa napoB03 Ha acejie3HOAOpo>KH0M B0K3ajie b Xap6w-
He. Cnacca cnynaHHo. Ox cTWAa yexan b Xa6apoBCK. 3Aecb caaji 3KCTepH0M 3a
130
jioJiHiJM Kypc Xa6apoBCKoro KaAexCKoro Kopnyca. Bo3BpaxHJica bo BjiaaHBO-
ctok, npH coaeHCTBHH C.r.HjibHHCKoro nocxyrwn yqeHHKOM b XHMHHecKyio Jia-
6opaiopHK) Ha pyflHHKH Texioxa (HbiHe - AajibHeropcic B IlpHMopcKOM Kpae), HO
paooxaxb npHBUJioct nop, BnaAHBocxoKOM.
V[epe3 Tpw Mecaua, b ceHxa6pe 1914 roaa, IlapdieHOBa BMecTe c HewmaMH,
pa6oTaBUiHMH Ha pyAHHKax, BbicnajiH bo Bjia^HBOCTOK noA HaA3op MecTHofi no-
jihuhh, KaK noJiHTHHecKH He6jiaroHaAe>KHoro. nocrynHJi yMHTbca Ha nepBbift

K ypc HHCTHTyTa bocxohhmx A3biKOB, ho b Ha^ane AeKaGpa 1914 roaa B cbjbh c

Mo6wiH3auHefl b apMHio noCTynHJi b HpicyxcKoe BoeHHoe ynHJiHiue, OTKyaa 6bin
yBOJieH "3a nojiHTHnecicyio He6naroHaaeacHOCTb" v. oxnpaBJieH paAOBbiM H a
4>pOHT.
3a ynacrae b 6oax npoxHB TepMaHHH b Mae-aBrycTe 1915 ro^a 6bm Ha-
rpa>KfleH TeoprHeBCKHM KpecTOM 4 h 3 cxeneHeH. 23 ceHX»6pa paHeH h oxnpaB-
jieH b mhhckhh BoeHHbiH rocnnxanb, oxKyAa no BbBAopoBJieHHH pacnopaweHHeM

mxa6a MHHCKoro BoeHHoro oKpyra HanpasjieH bo 2-k> MocKOBCKyio cxyAeHHe-

cKyio oiKOJiy npanopmHKOB. 3 <})eBpajia 1916 roAa npoH3BeaeH b npanopiHHKH
nexoTbi h HanpaBJieH b ropoA HepoBiax b 186 3anacH0H 6axanbOH. 26 aBrycxa
Ha3Ha«ieH tzm KOMaHAHpoM poTbi. B nocrieAHHH aeHb Hoa6pa 1916 roaa riaptpe-
Hosy 6mjio npHCBoeHo 3BaHHe nOAnopyHHK co cxapuiHHcxBOM co 2 oKxa6pa TOro
ace roaa. B Aeica6pe 6wji oTCrpaHeH ot KOMaHAOBamia poxon, 3aHHOaeH b Map-

iueByio poTy, npHHHHofi TOMy nccjiy>KHJio coxpyAHHnecxBO b "PyccKOM cnoBe".

Ilonaji Ha Py mhhckhh (jjpOHT, rae 6mji Ha3HaneH MJiaaiUHM odpnuepoM 14 poxw 5
nexoTHoro nojiKa. 9 anpejia 1917 ro^a ero H36pajin npeaceflaTejieM poTHoro ko-
MHTeTa. M c 3Toro MOMeHTa 6ypHaa nojiHXHHecKaa AeaxenbHocxb TaK 3aKpyTHira
n.C.riapdteHOBa, hto b xeneHHe HecKOJibKHx jict He 6bmo hh MHHyxw omaHyTbca
Ha3aa, ecjiH He cnnxaTb Bperna b o^HAamiH paccTpejia nocjie cyaa BoeHHoro xpn-
6yHaxra 6enorBap.neHu.eB. B tot *e AeHb oh 6bm H36paH hjichom ropKOMa
PC^Pll b OprweBCKOH ropOACKOH opraHH3auHH. Ero H36npaKiT hjichom CoBeTa
cojiaaxcKHX h o<J)HuepcKHx AenyxaxoB, a 3axeM, 24 anpejia, hjichom Hchojihh-
renbHoro KoMKTeTa Toro >Ke CoBexa.
5 Maa 1917 roaa ero KOMaH/nipyiox b ropOA Ofleccy Ha KpaeBofl h (ppoHxo-
boh ci>e3A conflaTCKHx, MaTpoccKHx, paSoHHX h KpecTbaHCKHx aenyTaTOB, rae
nepe3 naTt AHefl H36HpaiOT cTapuiHM ceKpeTapeM cbe3Aa, a noxoM peAaKxopoM
"H3BecTHH cbe3Aa". FIjieHyMOM H36paH hjichom E(HK PyMbiHCKoro cppoHxa,
HepHOMopcKoro (pnoxa h OaeccKoro OKpyra (PyMHepoa). 27 Maa ero npoH3BO-
Aax b nopyHHKH co cxapuiHHcxBOM c 8 anpejia. A iepe3 ABa AHa HJieHyMOM PyM-
nepoAa Ha3HanaK>T hjichom BoeHHoro coBemaHHa npn rnaBKOMe PyMHHCKoro
dppoHxa, h oh Bbie3»aeT b ^ccm. B Hanane HioHa einy npHiuiiocb npncyxcxBOBaxb
npH oxKpwxHH PytMbiHCKoro napjiaMeHxa h ynacxBOBaxb b coBemaHHH pyMbiH-
CKoro h pyccKoro KOMaHAOBaHHH.
7 hiohh nocTaHOBJieHHeM PyMHepoAa n.C.IlapijpeHOBa HasHanaiox npeAce-
AaxejieM komhcchh no BbiacHeHHio K0H(J)JiHKTa Me^Ay KOMaHAyiomHM HepHO-
MopcKHM dpnoxoM AjieKcaHApoM BacmibeBHHeM KoimatcoM h UHK xoro >se
$Jioxa. Oh Bbie3DKaex b CeBacTononb. 3xo Ha3HaMeHHe b nocneayiouieM cbirpajio

131
orpoMHyio pcwib b ero cyflb6e. B fleica6pe 1920 ro.ua nap4>eHOBy npnnniocb 6bixb
npeAce^aTeneM IlapjiaMeHTCKOH komhcchh no neperoBopaM c KannejieBCKHM h
ccmchobckhm KOMaHflOBaHHXMH, Konia pa3rpoMJieHHbie 6enorBapAeHCKHe nacxa
nepe6paci>iBaiiHCb H3 3a6aHKajiba no KBJK^ b npHMOpbe. EMy npnuijiocb pa3-
roBapHBaib c KOMawiyiomHM 6ejiofi apMHeft reHepaji-jieirreHaHXOM Bep>K6Hn-
khm, h coflepxaHne sxoro pa3roBopa coxpaHHJiocb b BocnoMHHaHHax
n.C.riap({)eHOBa. Koraa IlapcJieHOB npeanoacHji pacnycxwxb apMHio, BpynnB xa-
5KAOMy coiiAaTy h o^nuepy npoe3flHbie flOKyMeHTbi icy^a tot noacenaer, npeflBa-
pHTejibHO nocoBCTOBaBiuHCb c caMHMH cojiflaxaMH h ofJwuepaMH, to reHepan-
jieftTeHaHT Bep5K6miKHH cKa3an: "HeT, a cnnxaio, hxo TaKoe pemeHHe Bonpoca
AO npn6biTHH b ITpHMOpbe 6yfler He BbiroflHO hh naM, hh BaM. KpoMe roro,
cnpauiHBaTb auiejioHW o hx xcejiaHHH - 3HanHT BHOCHTb noriHTHKy h eme 6ojib-
uihh cyM6yp b axox Bonpoc. Ha Hero He comacaxca caMH hsluh Maccbi, xeM 60-
nee, ecjTH mm 6yaeM cnpaniHBaxb hx cobmccxho. Ohh 3HaioT, hxo komhcchs co-
CXOHX H3 OflHHX KOMMyHHCXOB H HXO B03rJTaBHJ!eX ee SblBIlIHH 0(j)HUep, B CBOe
BpeMK H3MeHHBiuHH BepxoBHOMy npaBHxenio a^MHpany Kojinaicy, naMHTb 0 ko-
xopoM cpezm Hac HaBcerAa ocxaHexca CBameHHofi. B CHJiy 3xhx npnnHH a He Mory
cornacHTbca c BauiHM npeflJioaKeroieM". Bot hxo oxBexHJi nap(j>eHOB reHepan-
jienxeHaHxy:
"51HHKoraa 4>aKXHHecKH He crcyacHJi BameMy BepxoBHOMy npaBHxejno. Ho
a oneHb AneKcanapa BacHJibeBHna. B cBoe Bpeiwa a 0Ka3an eMy yaiyry b
jik>6hji

Cesacxonojie; h Koraa KepcHCKHfi nonxn cocnan ero b AwcepHKy, a b 3HaK npo-

xecxa 0TKa3aiica ox aejiaeMbix MHe npeanoxeHHii b BoeHHOM MHHHcrepCTBe h
Bbiexan H3 nexporpana. Oh sto 3Han. H BcnoMHmi 06 3tom, Koraa MHe yrpoatcaji
paccrpeji. Oh oxruiaxim MHe ,no6poM, h a hhhho BCnOMHHaK) o HeM h xenepb c
raySoKofl JiFoGoBbK) h CKop6bK>. 51 3Haio, ediH 6h He ccbinica 3a rpannny - AneK-
caHflp BaciwbeBHH CTan 6bi ojihhm h3 HecxHeHiiiHX h npeaaHHbix CoBexcKHX a#-
MHpanoB. HnKaKoro necTHOro cnoBa a eMy He aaBaji; ot MeHa 6bma xonbKo oxo-
6paHa noflnHCKa HanaribHHKOM KOHxppa3BeAKH reHepanoM Pa6HKOBbiM. fla,
KpoMe xoro, nepewHToe b 3acxeHKax Hanonro cuenajio MeHa nocxoaHHbiM kjih-
eHxoM xwpypra h ncHXHaxpa..."
Box xaK cyflb6w riap(})eHOBa h Konnaica nepenjierajiHCb b roflbi peBOjno-
UHH H TpaHUiaHCKOH BOHHbl B POCCHH. R He 3HaK>, He flOBeJIOCb 3HaKOMHTbC» c
AOKyMeHxaMH cneacxBHa no jjeny n.C.napifceHOBa, apecxoBaHHoro opraHaMH
HKBfl b 1935 rosy, 6mjio jih eMy bmchcho b BKHy xo 3HaK0MCXB0 c KojinaxoM. K
Bonpocy o pa6oxe FIap4>eH0Ba b komhcchm no pa3MemeHHK> 6ejiorBapfleHCKHx
bohck b npHMOpbe B j;eKa6pe 1920 roaa mm eme BepHeMca b sxom onepKe, a no-
Ka npoflonacHM paccKa3 0 6Horpa4>HH nexpa CeMeHOBHHa...
12 HiOHa 1917 roja oh 6bui Ha3HaneH nonnxHHecKHM npeAcraBHxeJieM
"PyMHepoaa" npH raaBKOMe PyMbiHCKoro (j)poHxa, a Bcero nepe3 HeAenio npn-
Ka30M nixaSa BepxoBHoro rnaBHOKOManaoBaHHa ero Ha3Hanaiox HanaxtbHHKOM
1 PeBo^ionHOHHoii uixypMOBofi AHBH3HH. 22 HiOHa bo BpeMa HacxynneHHH nacrei*

OTBH3HH 6bm xaxeno KOHxyjKeH c napanH3auneH jicboh pyxn h nepe3 KopnycHOH

noneBofi SBaKyauHOHHbin rocnnxajib oxnpasjieH b Oaeccy. 3a ynacxne b Hacxyn-
jieHHH 18 HiOHa 1917 roaaoh 6uji HarpasKfleH 0<}>HuepcKHM TeopraeBCKHM Kpe-

132
ctom 4 cxeneHH. B niTa6c-KanHTaHbi npoH3BeaeH co CTapuiHHCTBOM c 21 hk>ha.
Co 2 hiojih yBOAeH b TpexMecanHbiii oTnycic, ho no Bbi30By BoeHHoro MHHHCTpa
Bbie3acaeT b IleTporpaA. 3flecb ero 12 hkjjm KoonrapyioT b HcnojiHHTenbHbiH
Komhtct BcepoccHHCKoro CoBera KpecrbflHCKHX aenyraTOB, h b KanecTBe ero
npeflCTaBHTena IIap<i>eHOB Bbiesacaer b 3anaAHyio CH6wpb, ho TejierpacpHbiM
pacnopsiJKeHHeM HcnonHHTejibHoro KoMHTeTa ot 24 hkxjiji nHiuaeTca 3thx non-
homohhh. 29 hiojis 1917 roaa FleTp CeMCHOBHH npH6bin b nocenoK CeMeHOBCKHii
JleHbKOBCKOH BOJIOCTH AjITaHCKOM ry6epHHH K CBOHM pOflHbIM AJI3 OTflblXa. Ho
oxawxaTb 3^ecb He npnuuiocb. IlocTaHOBKeHHeM JTeHbKOBCKoro BonocTHoro co-
6paHH« ero H36npaioT aejieraTOM Ha ye3AHbift KpecTbaHCKHH CTbe3A- Oh Bbie3HcaeT
b CjiaBropofl.1 5 aBrycra nneHyMOM ct>e3Aa ero H36HpaMT ceicpeTapeM ci>e3Aa h

npeflceaaxe^eM komhcchh no Bbipa6oTKe HaKa3a HJieHaM ynpeAHTenbHoro co6-

paHHa ot CnaBropoflCKoro ye3^a.
OocTaHOBJieHHeM AnTaflcKOH rySepHCKOH 3cmckoh ynpaBbi 4 ceHTa6pa
nap4>eHOB Ha3HanaeTCH 3aBeAyK>mnM otachom Hapo«Horo o6pa30BaHHa. 28 ceH-
Ta6pa npHKa30M no BoeHHOMy h vropcKOMy MHHHCTepcTBy ero orKOMaHAHpoBbi-
BaioT b BeaoMCTBO BHyTpeHHHX aeji flo I AjiTaficKoro ry6epHCKoro 3eMCKoro co-
6paHHa. H b 3tot x<e Aenb nocTaHOBJieHHeM CjiaBropoacKOro ropoacKoro komh-
TeTa PCflPn ero Ha3HaHaioT aejreraTOM Ha ry6epHCKyio KOHcpepeHUHK) PQIJPn
SoJIbHieBHKOB H HHTepHanHOHajIHCTOB.
Hepe3 TpH Heaenn, 18 0KT»6pa 1917 roaa, oh Bbie3»caeT b IleTporpaA Ha II

BcepoccHHCKHH ci>e3A CoBeTOB KaK npeacTaBMTenb CnaBropoaCKoro CoBera pa-

6omhx, KpecTbaHCKHx h cojmaTCKHX aenyraTOB. B 3tot ace aeHb nocraHOBJieHHeM
AnraficKOH ry6epHCKoii 3eMCKOH ynpaBbi ero HCKjnonaioT H3 cocxaBa ynpaBbi 3a
caMOBOJibHbiii oTbe3fl Ha ci>e3A 6e3 comacHH ynpaBbi.
29 0KT»6pa neTporpaflCKHfl BPK KOMaHAHpyeT ITap4)eH0Ba b UapCKoe
cejio h TaTHHHy flJia neperoBopoB c bohckobumh nacTaMH BpeMeHHoro npaBH-
TeiibCTBa. IIo3flHee FleTp CeMeHOBHH HanniiieT "IIoxoa na TaTHMHy", r^e pac-
CKaHcer o ah«x KpacnoBCKoro MaTeaca. Bo3BpaTHBiuHCb b CuaBropoA, napt{>eHOB
nocTynaeT Ha cnyac6y b ye3AHyio 3eMCKyio ynpaBy 3aB. otacjiom HapoflHoro o5-
pa30BaHna. 3aecb ero Ha3HanaiOT OTBeTCTBeHHbiM peAaicropoM ra3erbi
"CJiaBropoacKHH 3cmckhh BecTHHK". A 8 aHBapa 1918 roaa 3-m ye3AHbiM KpecTb-
aHCKHM cn.e3flOM BOCCTaHOBJieH b npaBax HJieHa AjiTaftcKOK ry6epHCKoii 3eMCK0fi
ynpaBbi. 12 aHBapa nocraHOBJieHHeM ye3AHoro PeBTpn6yHana ero Ha3Ha<iaiOT
GnaBropoACKHM npOKypopoM.
B Ty6epHCKoro 3eMCKoro co6paHHa no Bonpocy 06 otho-
BHfly pacKOJia
uieHHH k Cobctckoh hjkhom ArrraHCKoro ry6epHCKoro
BjracTH ero H36npai0T
HcnonKoina. 22 anpena 1918 roaa napc^enoBa nocraHOBJieHHeM ry6HcnariKOMa
Ha3HanaioT npeflceaaTejieM komhcchh no pa3Aejiy Tomckoh ry6epHroi Ha AiiTaH-
CKyio h ToMCKyio. Oh Bbie3acaeT b Tomck. B cbh3h c BbicTynneHHeM wxocjriOBa-
kob h acepOBCKHX ApyscHH h 3axBaT0M hmh ropofla HoBOHHKOJiaeBCKa (HbiHe
Hoboch6hpck) ero Ha3HanaioT 30 Maa KOMaHAHpoM nonKa hmchh Kapjia Map-
Kca. A Bcero Mepe3 HeAenio, 6 HKwa, npHKa30M BPK oh 6bui Ha3HaneH TjiaaHMM

133
HHCneKTOpOM CTpoeBOH H TeXHHHeCKOH HaCTH KpaCHOH ApMHH AjITaMCKOro
(jbpoHTa.
Ilocjie pa3rpOMa KpacHOH ApMHH qexocjioBauKHMH oTpaaaMH 15 hiohs ,

n.C.IIap4)eH0B 6wn apecroBaH h CHaiana nanpasjieH Ha KJiafl6Hme ropoaa Bap-

Hayjia, a 3aTeM, noaie .aonrHX HCTa3aHHH, HanpaBJieH b 6apHayjibCKyK> Tiopbiny. I

Ho BCKope ocBo6oacneH h M06HJiH3OBaH 6ejiMMH, 3aTeM onaTb apecTOBaH, ocyac- j

fleH k CMepraoK xa3HH 22 0KTa6p» 1918 roaa. KbSeacarb paccrpena eMy noMor-
jio, KaK roBOpHJiocb y*e Bbiiue, BMeinaTenbCTBO aflMHpana KomaKa. 7 aeKa6pa

ero nepeBOflST b Jiarepb BocHHonjieHHwx "MepTBbiii ropoaoK", oTKyaa HanpaB- •

jmiot b BapHayjibCKyio ncHXHaTpHHecKyio neHe6HHU.y. 9 4>eBpajia komhcchch ,\

Bpaneft BapHaynbCKoro BoeHHoro rocnHTaxta 6mji yBOJieH b TpexMecanHbift ot-

nycK no 6ojic3hh, Bbiexan Ha /J&ribHHH Boctok.
Bo BjiaaHBOcroKe b kohuc MapTa 1919 roaa nocTyiuui Ha crrywGy b Ch-
Shpckhh C0103 xoonepaTHBHbix coio30B "3aKync6biT" b KanecTBe ceKpeTapa
BJia^HBOCTOKCKOH KOHTOptl.
2 hiojih 1919 rojia npHKa30M KOMamwpa BnaflHBOCTOKCKOH KpenocTH ape-
croBan 3a yioioHeHHe or bochhoh cjiyxc6&i h ompaBJieH Ha rayriTBaxTy, OTKyfla
no 6one3HH nepeBeaeH Ha HaneneHHe b 1 BjiaflHBOCTOKCKHii KpenocxHOH rocnH-
Tajib. Hepe3 Hcnenio komhcchch BpaneH 6biJi npH3HaH coBepuieHHO Henpwrofl-
hhm k BoeHHOH cny>K6e h OTKOMaHflHpoBaH b pacnopaweHHe HoBOHHKonaeB-
CKoro BOHHCKOro HanajibHHKa fljia yBOJibHeHHfl b OTCTaBKy. 24 aBrycTa npHKa30M
nocneflHero oh 6mji yBOJieH b OTnycK Bnpe.a> no yBOJibHeHHa b OTCTaBKy. 3aecb
nap(J)eHOB BHOBb nocTynaeT Ha cny3K6y b "3aKync6bir" HHCTpyKxopoM-
opraHH3aTopoM. H nocjie yBOJibHeHHa b OTCTaBKy no 6ojre3HH npHKa30M or 22
OKTa6pa 1919 ro.ua iepe3 naTb anew, oh ye3>KaeT b noxno6HBUiHHca eMy BjiaflHBO-
ctok ana aajibHeflmeH paSoTM b flajibHeBOCTOHHOH KOHTOpe "3aKync6biTa". B
Hoa6pe oh craHOBHTca 3aMecTHTejieM 3aBeayiomero TpaHcnopTHMM oxaenroM b
3toh KOHTope. A 3a neTbipe flHa no hoboto roaa eMy npHxoflHTca, CKpbiBaacb ot
KOHTppa3BeflKH, BbiexaTb no KB>Kfl b KnxaK c HaaeacuoH npo6paxbca b Hp-
KyTCK, rp,e Ha^eajica BCTperaTbca c HacrynaiomHMH KpacHWMH BOHCKaMH, ho 1
4)eBpajM 1920 roaa npnnuiocb so3BpaTHTbca co cxanuHH MaHbHxeypHa b Xap-
6hh.
B 3to BpeMa b flpHMOpbe npoHcxoflHJiH 6ypHbie co6biraa. 26 aHBapa 1920
roaa 6buia CBepniyTa KonnaKOBCKaa BJiacrb b HHKOJibCKe-y ccy phhckom a 30 ,

aHBapa peBOJnouHOHHbie BoficKa bo rjiaBe c HBaHOM reopraeBHHeM ByjiraKO-

BbiM-BejibCKHM jiBHHyjiHct Ha BnaflHBOCTOK, h TaM nana KOJinaKOBCKaa BnacTb.
B MapTe 1920 roaa n.C.riap4>eHOB B03Bpamaerca bo BjiaUHBOcxoK, a
3^ecb ero Ha3HaqaioT nojiHTHHecKHM ynojiHOMoneHHbiM npH KOMaH^yiouieM ap-
MHefl A A. KpaKOBeuKOM. TaK oh craHOBHTca KOMHecapoM peBOJirouHOHHOH ap-
mhh ^anbnero BocTOKa.
2 anpena 1920 roaa npHKa30M PBC ero Ha3HaHaK>T 3aMecTHTeneM npeace-
jiaxenakomhcchh no neperoBopaM c anoncKHM KOMaHflOBaHHeM, ho HecMOTpa Ha
Bee ycxymcn, caejiaHHbie komhcchch no Tpe6oBaHHio anoHueB, b hohb c HeTsep-
Toro Ha naToe anpena anoHCKHe BOHCKa BbiCTynnjiH bo BnaaHBOCTOKe a npyrux
134
ropOAax ripHMopfcfl h yrpoM 5 anpena - b Xa6apoBCKe. BbiCTyiuieHHe anoHueB
6hjio o6ycjioBJieHO stbhoh 6om>meBH3auHeH Bcex cropoH hch3hh h aesTejibHocra
Ha flantaeM BocTOKe. EojibiueBHKH bom pa6oTy Ha nonHoe H3rHaHHe HHTepBeH-
tob H3 Pocchh, c hhmh 6wjio 6onbuiHHCTBO HaceneHHa. IlocKonbKy HanaaeHHe
Ha peBOJiiouHOHHbie Bonaca 6bmo cnnaHHpoBaHo 3apaHee h npe/tonpeaejieHO
noxtHTHMecKHMM uenaMH, to, pa3yMeeTca, HHKaKaa komhcchh y>Ke He MOrna npe-
flOTBpaTHTb BepOJIOMHHX fleHCTBHH HHTepBeHTOB.
7 anpena nocTaHOBJieHweM o6jiacrHoro KOMMTeTa PKII ITaptJieHOBa Ha-
3HaHaic>T 3aBeAyiomHM oxaenoM cbji3h OSnacTKOMa.
B ceHTfl6pe npHKa30M YnpaBJiawmero BoeHHbiM h mopckhm bchomctbom
reHepaji-JTefireHaHTa BacnjiHa FeopraeBHHa BoiiAHpeBa n.C. nap(£>eHOB crano-
bhtch npeflceaaTeiieM komhcchh no fleMo6HHH3au,HH KOrnaHflHoro cocraBa. A
BCKOpe, 26 ceHT«6pa, npnKa30M npaBHTejibCTBa flBP ero Ha3Ha4aioT 3aMecxHTe-
neM (TOBapHmeiw) npeflceaaTejia komhcchh no peopraHH3auHH BOeHHOro h MOp-
cKoro BeaoMCTBa b CB33H c opraHH3auHeH eaHHoro KOManflOBaHHa HapoaHO-
peBOHIOUHOHHOH apMHH.
Hepe3 Mecau na nueHyiwe IlpHMOpcKoro ooKOMa nporoBOflCTBeHHbix coio-
30B neTpa CeMenoBHHa H36npafOT hjichom HapoflHoro Co6paHHa flB ot npoH3-
BOflCTBeHHblX C0I030B. B KOHUe OKTJlSpa OH CTaHOBHTCH, no nOCTaHOBJieHHK)
IlpHMOpcKoro o6scoMa PKI1(6), jieKTopoM o6jiacTHofi napTHHHOft qikojim. A 7
aeKa6pa 1920 roaa nocTaHOBneHHeM HapoaHoro CoSpaHHa H36paH npeaceflaTe-
neM riapjiaMCHTCKOH komhcchh no neperoBopaM c KanneneBCKHMH h ceMeHOB-
ckhmh BoeHanajibHHKaMH, KOTOpbie BejiH cboh BOHCKa no KB)Kfl b FIpHMopbe.
BMecTe c Ilap(|)eHOBbiM b komhcchh pa6oTanH 6wbuihh hojikobhhk
rieTp Ahhchmobhm JlyuKOB, cjiyacHBiuHH paHee HananbKHKOM oCBeflOMHTejibHO-
ro oTflena b uiTa6e KannejieBCKoro Kopnyca u 3HaBinHii jihhho npaKraqecKH Bcex
oTBCTCTBeHHbix coTpyjHHKOB uiTa6a reHepan-neHTeHaHTa BepxGHuicoro. K ko-
mhcchh 6binH npHKOMaHflHpoBaHbi ot anoHCKoro KOMaHflOBaHHH KanHTaH
KypacHre, ot aMepHKanCKoro - Maftop KnapK h or KHTaiicKOro - iiojikobhhk
Kao.
Cyflb6a n.A.JIynKOBa, HaBepHoe, He MeHee HHTepecHa, neM cyab6a Ilap-
(})eHOBa. Be^b ITeTpy AHHCHMOBHiy b nocneayiomeM npnuinocb 6biTb Hanajib-
hhkom uiTa6a ripnaMypCKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra (c 6.09 no 22.09. 1921), naqajib-
hhkom uiTa6a napTH3aHCKHX bohck IlpHMopCKOH o6nacTH, HanajibHHKOM nojie-
boto urraSa TjiaBHOKOMaHflyKJUiero HapoaHO-peBOJiioimoHHOH apMHefi h Ojio-
tom ABP BacHnna KoHcraHTHHOBHHa Ejnoxepa b nepHOfl BoJionaeBCKOH onepa-
uhh b (j>eBpaiie 1922 roaa. CrapbiM TOBapnmeM JlyuKOBa 6bm nojiKOBHHK Cot-
hhkob, KOMaHflOBasiuHH KaMCKHM noJiKOM 6ejibix h norH6uiHH npH Hacrynjie-
hhh Ha cTannHio Hh 28 aeKa6pa 1921 roaa'.
JlHHHwe 3HaKOMCTBa JlyuKOBa npHHecjiH 6ojibuiyio nonb3y npn Beaemni
neperoBopoB komhcchch, B03rnaBJiaeM0H Ilap(J)eHOBbiM, ho nocKOJibKy mm Be-

*
no iWKyMeHxaM KpacHbiX nojiKOBHHK Cothkkob norK6 noa Hhom, ho b KHKre 5ejioro
nopyHHKa ^hjihmohobs "BejionoBCTaHUbi" iiana (jaoTorpacpHa CotHHKOBa ot 1923 ro^a.
flaw penb o »cH3HH IleTpa CeMeHOBHna, to orpaHHHHMca b othouichhh JlyuKOBa
nHiiib 3THM KpaxeHbKHM oTCTynneHHeM h npoaojiWHM paccKa3 o Ilap4)eHOBe.
XoTenocb 6m noA^epKHyTb, hto Ha 3aicaTe FpajKAaHCKOH bohhw KaK b Jiarepe
6enbix, tsk h b narepe KpacHbix, BoeBajia jiwah, xopoino 3HaBiime apyr apyra no
coBMeCTHOH cjiy>ic6e, h iiMCHHo 3flecb BecbMa noKa3aTenbHa cyabSa Ilap<peHOBa.
20 aeKa6pa 1920 roaa nocne coBemaHHa c KHTaficKHMH npe^cTaBHTejiXMH
Ha CTaHUHH IIorpaHHHHOH n.C.nap4>eHOB BCTpeTHJICH CO CBOHMH 3eMJI51KaMH,
cjiyacMBUiHMH y 6enbix h npH6biBiiiHMH noA pyKOBOACTBOM Bepac6nuKoro k rpa-
HHuaM IlpHMOpbH b HaAeame HaHTH TaM kpob h nniuy, b HaA«KAe BepHyTbca b
Pocchio. 3tk 3enuwKH npHmjiH k HeMy b Baron caMH. Mm-eHAaHT Omckoh jw-
bh3hh nojiKOBHHK BorocnoBCKHH, coTpyflHHK urra6a reHepaji-Maiiopa
B.M.MojinaHOBa KanHTaH PeBepAaTTO, KOMaHflHp OTflejibHoro ocjwuepCKoro
SaTanbOHa noAnojiKOBHHK IlaHKOB h noAnojiKOBHHK MjibHUieHKo. Bbin c hhmh
3HaKOM Ilap(})eHOB eme no BapHayny. EorocjioBCKHH 6biJi c Ilap^eHOBbiM Ha
"tu", oh aiyjKHJi ry6epHCKHM HHcneKTOpOM mhjihuhh, Koraa riap(J>eHOB aBJiaji-
ca HJieHOM AjiTaficKOH 3cmckoh ynpaBbi, h nocneflHHfl pa3 ohh Bnaenwcb, Koraa
IleTp CeMeHOBHH cufleji Ha BapHayjibCKoii raynxBaxTe, a Eoi-ocjiobckhh 6bui
KOMaHAHpoM 6aTajibOHa.
C oneHbHeAypHbiM ch6hpckhm no3TOM PeBepAa-rro IIap<j>eHOB apy>khji ao
BecHM 1918 roAa, ho KorAa BMCTynniin nexocnoBaKH, hx AOponi pa30imiHCb. Pe-
BepAaTTO BCKope 3aHan BbiAaiomeeca nojioxceHHe y 6enbix, a Ilap(J)eHOB - b Kpac-
hom TnaBHOM IIlTa6e AjrraHCKoro $poHTa. EyAynn HaHanbHHKOM uira6a rapHH-
30Ha b BapHayne, PeBepAarro HeoAHOKpaTHO cnacan Ilap4>eHOBa ot caMOHHHHO-
ro paccrpejia, noKaero caMoro He cocjiann Ha <J>poht "3a npouuioe" - HeKoxopoe
Bpeina PeBepAarTO BMecre c BorocjioBCKHM naxoAnnncb b coCTaBe pyKOBOAHTe-
jtefl ajrraHCKOH opraHroauHH scepoB.
Ho caMoe HHTepecHoe 3HaKOMCTBO 6mjio, hccomhchho, c HJibameHKO. Oh
6bin pothhm KOMaHAnpoM nap4)eHOBa, a b nocjieACTBHH, b 1918 roAy, - npeAce-
AaTejieM BoeHHO-nojieBoro cyAa, KOTopbiM n.C.riap(j)eHOB 6bui npHrOBOpeH k
CMepTHOH Ka3HH.
MoaceTe npeACTaBHTb ce6e Benep h 6eceAy 3thx JnoAeii, pa3AejreHHbix ywe
MOpeM )KHBOH HeJlOBe^eCKOH KpOBH?
BeceAa 3aT»Hyjiacb ao no3AHeti hohh. Pi, Kan hh crpaHHO, hm Ka3anocb,
hto Me3KAy hhmh mmero He npoH3omjio, Bee 6mjih HCKpeHHe paAW BCTpene, h Bee
acHBW h 3AOpOBbi. IlpaBAa, PeBepAaTro Aepacan npaByio pyKy Ha nepeB«3H, oh
6hji paHen npH orcrynjieHHH H3 3a6aiiKajiba. B ero nepHbix Bonocax 6bma paH-
H»a ceAHHa. IlaHKOB onenb xotcji BepHyTbca b ceno FiaBJioBCKoe BapHayjibCKoro
ye3Aa, rAe y Hero 6hjto CBoe KpecxbaHCKoe xo33hctbo. HubaiueHKO 6bin coraaceH
CTaTb xoTa 6w npocrbiM pa6oHHM, ho jmiiib 6bi Ha MHpHOM nonpnme, BOHHa eMy
CTpauiHO HaAoena h onpoTHBena, oh ycTaji.
JlHuib y BorocjiOBCKoro otmcthji riap<J>eHOB HeHCKpeHHocrb. Tot pyraji
rpwiiiKy-noAtecayjia (aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa) h aAMHpana KonnaKa. Ilap(J)eHOB bh-
AeJI, HTO B npOHIJIOM HeAypHOH JieCOBOA H aAMHHHCTpaTOp OKOHHaTeJIbHO c6HJica
c nyTH, ero bochhhh KapbepH3M BbiTpaxnyn H3 tojiobw Bee pa3yMHbie HAen. M
136
Eot-ocjiOBCKHH roTOB 6wji cjiy>KHTb KOMy yroano, jihuii. 6m cTaTb reHepajioM,
roTOB cnyxcHTb h 6ojibuieBHKaM, npH3Hafi ohh hhhk h noBbicb b hhhc.
ripeflHyBCTBHa Ilap(J)eHOBa onpaBaajincb. Eotocjiobckhh npoaojiacaji cny-
h ynacTBOBaJi b nocaeaHeM noxoae KOHxppeBoaiouHH.
jkhti.
06 3toh BCTpene c 3dMJiflKaMH nap<J>eHOBa a paccKa3aji, hto6h nnxaxeab
MOr OTMCTHTb, KaK He3aMeTH0 CTaHOBHTC« BparaMH HeKOrjja 6lIH3KHe JIIOflH, XOXS
hm Henero Renwrb h ohh MorjiH 6u »<HXb aoarne roflbi b MHpe h cornacHH. YBJie-
KaeMbie b pa3Hbie CTopoHbi HaeojiorH^ecKHM pa3HorjiacneM, moan b kohchhom
HTore 3a6biBaiOT o cBoeM HananbHOM npeaHa3HaMeHHH, h Hecyr hx yace kohh
cyflb6bi "no aoJinnaM, no 3aropbSM", h He ocTaHOBHTb 6er KOHefi, noKa He cno-
xKHyxca ohh, BcxpeneHHbie ropaneH nyjiefi...
^OBecTH flo KOHna pa6oTy komhcchh n.C.nap(J)eHOBy He yaanocb, raic KaK
PoMaH U,eHTJiHH c noJiKOBHHKOM Tomh noanncajiH cornacne o pa3MemeHHH Kan-
nejieBueB b npHMOpbe. TeHepaji MonnaHOB neuiHM nopaaKOM BBeji Ha xeppnxo-
pHio npHMopbsi BoKcKa cBoero Kopnyca. no B03BpameHHH H3 Knxaa b npHMO-
pbe nap4>eH0B yswen, mto KanneaeBnbi, xoxa h 6e3opyacHbie, BeayT ce6a He KaK
"xpyaoBaa apMHa", o Koxopoft roBoproi reHepaji-JieftxeHaHx Bcp>k6hukhh.
nonKOBHHK BorocjiOBCKHfi He noflHHHajicfl HanajibHHKy rapHH30Ha ropo-
aa HHKOJibCK-YccypHHCKa 6biBmeMy uiTa6c-KanHxaHy HenaeBy. Ha Hero 6bmo
coBepuieno noKyineHHe, B3pbiBOM rpaHaxw HenaeB paHeH.
B Pa3AOJibHOM y6HHH HanajibHHKa rapHH30Ha TOBapHma IIIapanoBa, He
noMeuiajio aaace BMemaxeJitcxBO reHepana EonatipeBa.
He npoflaeT h Menee nonyro.na, anonuM BoopysKax KannejieBueB h ceMe-
HOBueB, h Te coBepuiax BoopyaceHHMH nepeBopox, xoxa h 6e3 6ojibuiHx HcepxB. A
noxoM nofiayx b noxoa npoxHB flBP, noaxajiKHBaewbie anoHuaMH.
n.C.nap4>eHOBa npaBHTejibCTBO RBP Ha3HanHJio 21 KHBapa 1921 roaa
npeaceaaxeneM komhcchh no yiexy HMymecxBa, BbiBe3eHHoro H3 REP b KnxaH, h
oh Bbiexan b IleKHH.
B 4>eBpajie ero Ha3Hanax npeaceaaxe/ieM CMemaHHOH pyccKO-KHxaiicKOH
komhcchh. 12 anpejia 1921 roaa Btiexaji b Mnxy ana aoKJiaaa npaBHxenbCXBy o
npoaeaaHHOH pa6oxe b Knxae, Ha o6paxHOM nyxH apecxoBaH KHxaflcKOH acaH-
aapMepneH h oxnpaBJieH b TiopbMy b Xap6HHe, no xpe6oBaHHio npaBHTejibcxBa
#BP ocBo6oacaeH 2 aBrycxa. HeKoxopoe BpeMa 3aaepacajica b Knxae b CB33H c
H3aaHHeM ero khh™ Ha aHrjinficKOM a3biKe 'TpascaaHCKaa BOHHa b Ch6hph".
3a6onejT. 12 0Kxa6pa caenana onepauna, 29 Hoa6pa - Bxopaa. H3 rocnnxajia bh-
nncanca 14 aHBapa 1922 roaa.
9 Mapxa 1922 roaa nocTaHOBJieHHeM npaBHxeatcxBa £BP OTKOMaHAHpo-
BaH H3 neKHHa b MocKBy b pacnopaaceHne HapKOMaTa no HHocxpaHHWM aenaM,
a 29 HK>Ha - nocxanoBJieHneM KojniernH HKHfla oTKOMaHanpOBaH b pacnopa-
H<eHHe IJ(K PKn(6). 3aecb oh npopa6oxaji ao 26 ceHxa6pa, Koraa nocxaHOBJieHH-
eM Opr6iopo UK PKn(6) 6mji oxKOMaHanpoBaH b pacnopa>KeHHe HapK0M3eMa
ana oxBeTCXBeHHOH pa6oxbt b IlpaBJieHHH BcepoccHHCKoro coro3a cejn>CK0X03aii-
CTBeHHoft KOonepauHH.

137
 HaMHHaa c 1917 ro/ja n.C.nap<J)eHOBbiM HanwcaHo 6mjio naTb KHHr h 60-
uee cothh pa3HMqHHx craTefl. Kaic caM oh OTMenan, TOJiKHyjiH ero k jiirrepaTyp-
HOMy peviecny BCTpenn c A-MToptKHM (IleiiiKOBbiM) h A. Hobhkobhm-
IlpH6oeM, KOToptie aajin eMy paa neHHbix cobctob, kslk nncaTi>, KaK pa6oTart
Haa MaTepHanoM.
Ot nHcaTejibCKHx opramoaunH ero H36HpajiH b vteubi npaBJieHHa Moc-
KOBCKoro o6jiacTHoro OT^ejia npocJicoKoa 6yMa>KHHK0B h nciaTHMKOB h nneHOM
UK CoK)3a.
B 1935 rofly IleTp CeMeHOBHH Ilap^eHOB, KOMMyHHcr c 1917 ro.ua, 6mji
apecroBaH opraHaMH HKBfl. 29 hkwih 1937 ro/ja BoeHHaa Kojuierwa o6iaBHJia
eiwy npwroBop, coaepxcaHHe KOToporo Hbme yace He HMeer 3HaneHHa, Taic KaK ae-
jio no o6bhhchhk) Ilap(|)eHOBa Eferpa CeMeHOBHna nepecMOTpeHO BoeHHofi

KoMeraeH BepxoBHoro Cyaa CCCP 12 Mas 1956 ro^a h no "BHOBb OTKpbiB-

uihmch o6cTOflTeJibCTBaM otmchch, h aero 3a oTcyTCTBHeM npecrynJieHHfl npe-
KpameHo".
flejio npeKpameHO...
A CBnaeTeJibCTBO o CMeprn Il-A Ns 569534 naKOHHMHO h 6e3flyuiHO
'Tp.Ilap(J)eHOB FleTp CeMeHOBHH yMep qeTbipHanuaToro $eBpana Tbicana ae-
BaTbcoT copoK xpeTbero. IIpHHHHa CMepra - npaBocropOHHee BocnaneHHe jier-
khx". Mecro cMepra He yica3aHo. Pa3MauiHCTOH pyKOH KaHuejiapHCTa oaejiaH
nponepK.
JlaKOHHneH h moh paccKa3 o 3aMenaTejibHOM lejioseKe, Hba cyflb6a, KaK h
cyAb6a MHorax ero copaTHHKOB, 6opoBiiiHxca 3a ycTaHOBJieHHe Cobctckoh BJia-
CTH, o6pbiBaeTca b TrapeMHoii KaMepe. B TiopbMe, nocTpoeHHoii, MOJKer 6biTb,
ewe 3auojiro ,u,o poJKfleHHa y3HHKa. H HeM 6ojibUie a y3Haio 06 hctophh rpaxc-
flaHCKOH BOHHbl, TeM OHeBHAHee, HTO B TpHflUaTbie rOflM HCTHHHbie KOMMyHHCTbl
h 6opuw 3a Hfleanw HejioBeiecTBa Bflpyr OKa3biBajiHCb BparaMH Toro Hapoaa, 3a
KOTOpbiii SoporiHCb. Hto 3to? HpoHHa cyflb6bi?! Hjih 3aK0H0MepHbifi xo# hcto-
Phh? H™ 3to npononaceHHe Bee toh ace - TpaacflaHCKOfi bohhm, ho TonbKO b
apyroft (J)opMe? 3xo KOTopofi HbiHe 3ByHHT ,aa>Ke HecKOJibKO rpoMMe, neu sxo Be-
jihkoh OTeiecxBeHHOii BOHHbi. Hjih sto OAHa M3 Tex TafiH hctophh, Koropbie He
aaHO pa3raaaTb HCTopHKaM Ha nporaaceHHH ^Byx-rpex 6jiHxcaHiiiHx noKone-
HHH?..

138
r

Cydbdbi Koeapubie U3euebi

(wtu npodoJiMcenue paccxo3a o co6bimmx, cesizaumix
c iweneM eoennozo monoepaipa IT. C. Fpocceema)

4X0 TeMHblMH HOHaMH, B HenorOfly B HOBOM 3flaHHH Kpae-

XoflflT CJiyXH,
Boro Xa6apoBCKoro FAH* MenbKaiox naKHe-xo HeacHbie xeHH, h Bpoae 6bi
CJiHEiHbi CTOHti h B3JIOXH. Mojioflbie MHJiHUHOHepH HcnyraHHO nepenjeirrbiBa-
ioxca, a hx crapiune TOBapHiuH, noBHxiaBUiHe Ha CBoeM BeKy HeMano, cnoKOHHo
rosopax, tro 3to He npH3paKH, a Jiwuib wrpa BOo6paMceHwa, noxoMy hto 3aaHHe,
KaK h pjmoM Haxoflaumeca aBxo3anpaBoqHaa cxaHiwa, npoH3BoacxBeHHbie
crrpoeHHH h KOonepaxHBHbie rapaxn, nocxpoeHH Ha bochhom KJiaA6Hme cxaporo
Xa6apoBCKa.
Ox KnaA6wina ocranca jiHiiib naMHXHHK, cxohbiiihh Ha Morane aBcxpo-
BeHrepcKHx BoeHHOimeHHbix, Koxopwii y^ajiocb cnacxw XaQapoBCKOMy o6me-
cxsy oxpaHbi naMaxHHKOB hcxophh h Kyjibxypw, nepeHeceHHbift Ha njiomajjb ne-
peji3aaHKeM aBxoB0K3ajia...
Ehji Ha 3tom KJiaa6Hme b aaJieKOM 1917 roay noxopoHeH h 6mbuihh Ha-
ABopHbiH coBeTHHK (npHpaBHHBaexca no Ta6enH o paHrax k 3BaHHto fiojikobhhk)
BoeHHbiH xonorpacj) Ilexp CxenaHOBHi rpocceBHH. H, mojkcx 6bm>, ero nojiy-
HcxjieBUiHft rpo6 BMecxe c .npyrHMH 6mji Bbi6pomeH, KOTOa KonanH noflBanu no;;
KOonepaxHBHbie rapaacn.
H xaK y>K nonynaexca, hto c HMeHeM TpocceBHHa b hcxophh Xa6apoBcica
CBfl3aHbt He oneHb npHaxHbie co6bixnH, xoxa H Ha3BaH ero HMeHeM b Cobcxcko-
TaBaHCKOM paiioHe Xa6apoBCKoro Kpaa HaceneHHbift nyHKX, b npouinoM cxoh-
6Hiue Boxhh.
B 1874 roay ILC.rpocceBHH pa6oxan Ha no6epe>Kbe TaxapcKOro nponHBa,
npoH3BOfla cteMKy mccxhocxh b cocxaBe 3KcneanuHH JI.A.BojibuieBa. Be3
cpeacxB k cywecxBOBaHHK) oh 6mji 6pomeH coraaxaMH b KpHXHHecKOH cwxya-
UHH. B xyawKecxBeHHOii 4>opMe 06 3xom noseaaji b o«hoh H3 cbohx khhx
B.K.ApceHbeB, pa3yMeexca, c aojieii xyao>KecxBeHHoro ^oMbicjia.
j3,eflcxBHxenbHMH htoh reorpacJwiecKoro o6tuecxBa CCCP
B.MacneHHHKOB b 3aMexKe "HcnpaBJiaa paccKa3 ApceHbeBa", nanenaxaHHOH b
T03e** 20 Maa 1990 roaa, yica3afl Ha hcxohhocxh b cBe,neHHHX ApceHbeBa h He-
MHoro paccKa3aji 0 Ftexpe CxenaHOBHie co ccmjikok Ha aoKyMeHxw. B kohuc
3aMexKH oh BbicKa3aJi Haaeamy, hxo h celiac *HByx iioxomkh TpocceBHHa Ha
flajibneM BocTOKe h xpaHax KaKne-JiH6o floicyMeHXbi o *h3hh hx npeaica.

HMa TpocceBKHa 3aMejibKano b 3HMy 1996 roaa Ha cxpamiuax npeccw, Ha

xeneBHfleHHH h no pa/wo b cb«3h c rH6ejibK> JHOfleii b pe3ynbxaxe naaeHHH asua-
JiaHHepa b ropax Chxoxs-Ajihhh k 3anaay ox HaceneHHoro nyHKxa TpocceBHHH.
CB33aH0 3X0 HMa H C KpOBaBblMH Co6bIXHaMH B nepHOfl POCCHHCKOH Tpa^KflaH-

*
TAM - rocyaapcTBeHHaH aBTOMofiM^bHaa vwcnemnn.
" ra3era "THXooKeaHcKas 3Be3aa".
139
ckoh bohhm Ha .HantHeM Boctokc Bojiee BepHO, c HMeHeM oaHoro H3 cwhobch,
HO 06 3TOM HeCKOJlbKO HHXCe.
A noKa HecKOJitKO cjiob o caMOM IleTpe CrenaHOBHHe. Ebin oh cbihom
JIHHHOrO flBOpXHHHa, TO eCTb He 6bIJI HaCJieflCTBeHHblM flBOpSHHHOM. PoAHJICa B
1 844 roay. B cjiyac6y BCTynnji TonorpatpOM 30 aBrycra 1 863 roaa. BwnojiHan to-

norpaifiHHecKHe pa6oTbi Ha KaBKa3e. Bbiji HarpaacaeH opaeHOM CBXToro Teop-

rwa 4 creneHH h hmot cepe6paHyio Me«aab 3a noxopeHHe 3ana#Horo KaBKa3a. 30
aBrycTa 1869 roaa nojiynmi hmh KOJineaccxoro perHCTparopa. B 3tom 5Ke roay
nepeBeaeH b Boctohho-Ch6hpckhh BoeHHo-TonorpaclJH^ecKHH OTaea b HpKyrCK,
rae npoaoajKaa BbinojiHaTb Tonorpa<j>HHecKHe pa6oxbi.
06pa30BaHHe b 1884 roay npnaMypcKoro reHepaa-ry6epHaxopCTBa c
ueHrpoM b Xa6apoBKe* npeaortpeaenHJio C03aaHHe bochhoto oKpyra h b IIlTaSe
ripHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra noHBJieHHe BoeHHO-TonorpacJiHMecKoro OTae-
na, Kyaa 6binH Ha3HaneHbi BoeHHbie Tonorpa4>H M3 apyrax oTaenoB, b hx HHCJie
b Xa6apoBKy 6hji nepeBeaeH h FleTp CrenaHOBHH TpocceBHH.
B (j>eBpane 1985 roaa BaoBa npocaaBneHHoro KpacHoro repoa Pocchhckoh
TpajKaaHCKOH bohhw B.K.Bjiioxepa - Faa(j)Hpa JlyKHHHHHa b aap My3eio hcto-
pHH KpacH03HaMeHHoro flajibHeBOCTOHHoro BoeHHoro OKpyra npHCJiana cicneH-
Ky Tonorpa<J)HHecKHx KapT H3 neTbipex jihctob Macurra6a 1 :84000 (b oahom caH-
THMCTpe 840 mctpob), npHHaaae>KaBmyio Koraa-xo ee Myacy. Oh nonb30Bajica eio
b aajieKHe roaw TpaHcaaHCKOH bohhm Ha /JaabHeM Bocxoice aria ouchkh mcctho-
CTH B OnepaTHBHO-TaKTHHeCKOM OTHOUieHHH*" .

Ha BepxHHX asyx awcrax b yrojiKax HanncaHo: "CHHMaa h nepraa b 1892

roay koji nejKCKHH cobcthhk FpocceBHH. PeKoraocuHpOBaji b 1905 roay h no pe-
KorHocuiHpOBKe noaJiHHHWH". /^Ba apyrax JiHcra chhm&iih BoeHHbie Tonorpa4)bi
KoaaejKCKHM cobcthhk Bamm h noanojiKOBHHK PoaHOHOB b 1895 rosy. Bee Kap-
Tbi nenaTaaHCb b 4>OTOJiKTorpac})HH BoeHHO-Tonorpa<j>HHecicoro OTaena. Ha Kap-
Tax c bhcokoh CTeneHbio tohhocth noKa3aHa MecTHocTb Boicpyr Xa6apoBCKa.
Ha jiHCTax TpocceBH^a H3o6pa>KeH AMyp or HHJKHecnaccKoro ao Hhjkhc-
BopoHOKCKoii, ropoa XaSapoBCK h ueabift paa HaceaeHHbix nyHKTOB, acene3Haa
aopora, HaHHHaiomaaca ot coBpeMeHHoro peHHoro nopra, oxBaTbiBaiomaa ro-
poa c ceBepa h BocTOKa h yxoaamaa k iory c OTBeTBaeHHeM ot pa3i>e3aa KpacHaa
PeHKa k npHCTaHH KB5K/J okojio nocejiKa HHKOJio-AaeKcaHapOBCKoe (HbiHe
KpacHOpeneHCKoe). C BocTOKa KapTa orpaHHneHa neTponaBaoBCKHM 03epoM, h
HeT noKa Ha Heft hh KHa3e-BojiKOHCKoro (Ha stom MecTe 3HM0Bbe), hh Bojio<ia-
eBKH (nHEib noanacb 'Topa MioHb-KapaHH"). HeT >Kejie3Hoaopo2CHoro MOCTa, a
no neBOMy 6epery AMypa BbeTca 3HaMeHHTaa "AMypcfcaa KOJiecyxa", OKaHHM-
Baroiuaaca y noKpoBKH, aa TaHeTca TOHeHbKaa jiHHHa Tenerpa^a c peaKHMH

'
CejieHHe Xa6apoBKa nojiyHmio craryc ropoaa B 1880 r., c 1893 r. ocpHUKajibHO npHCBoeHO
H33B3HHe Xa6apOBCK.
Ha KapTe HeT hh eaHHOii noineTKH, cnejiaHHoft BjiioxepoM mjivi kcm-^h6o eme, mo He-
Bo^bKO Bbi3bmaeT Bonpoc y Jiro6oro BoeHHoro ne^oBexa: yak xce oh eio nojib30Bajica?
140
CTamjHaMH, h Ha MecTe coBpeineHHOH nevreeHCKOH npoTOKH nona eme rieM3eH-
ckhh 3anHB.
n.CTpocceBHH, KOHe^HO, He nofl03peBaji, hxo ero Kapxw Syayr ncnojib-
30Baxbca b 6paToy6HiicTBeHHOH PoccHHCKOH TpaayiaHCKOH bohhc KaK He no-
ff03peBan oh toto, hto b ruiaMeHH bohhbi cropHT h ero cwh.
C HMeHeM oaHoro H3 cxapmnx cbiHOBeft TpocceBHHa cBS3aHw KpoBaBbie
co6hthsi nepnofla KajiMMKOBinHHbi b XaSapoBCKe.
B BocnoMHHaHHax yqacxHHKOB napxH3aHCKoro flBH)KeHHfl Ha AMype no-
pa3HOMy paccKa3MBaexcfl o njieHeHHH h CMepxn nojiKOBHHKa TpocceBHia. Ilpe-
TeHflOBajiH Ha onepaimio no 3axBary h nocneayiomHH paccTpeji nojiKOBHHKa He-
CKOJIbKO napTH3aHCKHX OXpaflOB. 06%flCHaeXCa 3X0 BeCbMa npocTo, TaK KaK 3a
nepHofl c ceHTa6pa 1918 roaa no Hoa6pb 1919 roaa napxroaHbi Xa6ap0BCKoro
ye3fla acoJib-JiH6o cepbe3Hbix 6oeB, a TeM 6onee onepaiwH npOTHB 6enbrx He
npoBO^HJiH. Pa3rpoM napxioaHCKoro OTpaaa b EHneBOH o6^eaHHeHHbiMH cnua-
mm KajiMbiKOBueB h anoHueB Bpaa jih die^yeT cHuraTb CBerjioH CTpaHHueft b hc-
TOpHH napTH3aHCKoro flBHaceHHX, h o HeM crapaaiHCb He BcnoMHHaTb.
Hh b OflHOM H3 BOcnoMHHaHHH napxH3aH He ynoMHHanocb HMA paccxpe-
naHHoro rpocceBHHa, h HeKOTopoe BpeMa a nonaraji, hto hm 6wji caM rieTp
CrenaHOBHH, ho BCKOpe y6e,nnjica, hto 6mji paccTpenaH oahh H3 ero nexbipex
CblHOBeH.
CorjiacHo "McnoBcua^bHOH Pochhch YcneHCKoro co6opa" 1902 roaa
rieTp CTenaHOBOT 6bm aceHaT Ha AHacTacHH THMO<j>eeBHe, Koxopaa 6bOia mo-
noace ero Ha iuecrbjict. IlepBbiH cwh BnaflHMHp poAHJica y hhx b 1874 rojry,

AjiexcaHAp b 1877 h b cjieayiomeM MHxann, nepe3 rbsl roaa HHKOJiaK. B stoh

HcnoBeaajibHOH poothch yKa3aHbi TpH flonepH: Haaeacua (eft naxHajmaxb neT),
TpHHaxmaTHJierasa Hio6oBb h uiecTHJieTHaa Cofynn. Bee ohh ynaTca b rnMHa3HH.
no MaTepHaxraM B. MacjieHHHKOBa cxapmeii aonepbio 6 t uia Bepa, a Co<J)hh He
cyiuecTBOBano. no CBeneHHaM xa6apoBCKoro KpaeBe.na A.M.^KyKOBa, Bepa ITeT-
poBHa TpocceBHH 6buia 3aMy*ein 3a BOcnHTarejieM Ka/iexcKoro KOpnyca hojikob-
hhkom HHKOJiaeM I4e3apeBHHeM rpyfl3HHCKHM, cnyacHBuiHM BMecTe c ee CTap-
iiihmh 6paTbaMH.
Kto BHHOBeH b nyxamiue c flonepbMH TpocceBHHa, HoaH Cxe<J>aHOBHH
roM3aK0B, 6mbiuhh HacxoaTeneM co6opa, hjih CBameHHHK CeparoaoH JleoHXbe-
bhh HepHbix - cefinac ycxaHOBHTb xpy^Ho. Mxo Kacaexca CHHOBeii, xo, KaK bh-
flHM, BCe HCXOHHHKH flaiOT OflHHaKOBbie cBe^eHHa.
HeKOxopoe BpeMa a cHHxan, hto napxroaHbi paccxpena™ BnaaHMHpa,
Tax KaK HMeHHo oh 6bui Ha3HaneH 9 ceHxa6pa 1918 roaa (nepe3 nexbipe ma no-
cne BCTynneHHa b ropoa anoHueB n KajiMMKOBueB) HcnpaBJiaiomHM flonxcHOCTb
3KOHOMa KaAercKoro Kopnyca. A Bejxb TpocceBHH 6biJi 3axBaneH b raieH Ha 3a-
e3flKe bo speMa 3aroTOBKH pbi6bi. Ho BCKOpe BbiacHHJiocb, hto b Xa6apOBCKOM
KaaeiCKOM Kopnyce cnyxan h ero 6paT AneKcaH/ip b KanecTBe BocnHTaTejia, yc-
neuiHO npoflBHraBUiHHca no cny5K6e. CornacHO CTapbiM ra3eTaM B.nXpoc-
ceBHHy Ha 8 $eBpajia 1923 roaa 6bmo 50 nex, xchji oh no Pa(J)aHJiOBy nepeyjixy,
OptA 11, 6bIJl H3B03HHKOM.
141
 TaKHM o6pa30M, conocraBnaa pasJiH^Hbie aaHHwe, y^ajiocb ycraHOBHTb,
hto paccTpejiaH 6hji AjieKcaHjip.
HTaK, mto >Ke cnyHHJioci. c AiieKcaHapoM?
ripHBeay HecKOJibKO BbiaepaceK H3 BocnoMHHaHHH oneBHaueB, htoSh hc-
npeflB3HTO OlieHHBaTb CoSblTHa.
B XaSapOBCKOM KpaeBOM rocynapcrBeHHOM apxHBe b <f>0Hae 1503, on.l,
Ha 9-it cTpaHHue mh
iHiaeM: "riojn Xa6apoBCKOM Ha pexe Aiuyp 6eiibie pe-
uihjih npoBec™ uiHpoKyro pa3Be£Ky napTimHCKHx oTpa^oB, bo rjiaBe stoh pa3-
BeflKH aTaiwaH KanMHKOB nocraBHJi nojiKOBHHKa TpocceBHHa (BocnHTaTena ner-
cKoro Kopnyca)* . FeBBOeHiiiTa6 napTH3aHCKHX OTpa^oB zma
HHKBHaauHH 3toh
pa3BeaKH HanpaBmi napTH3aHCKHH OTpaa nojx KOMaHaofl TOBapwma MH3HHa,
KOTopwfi cyiweji oKpy>KHTi. pacnoJio>KeHHe SejiOH pa3Be,nKH, yHHHTo>KHB paaoBOH
COCTaB 3T0H pa3BeAKH, H BblTaiUHTb H3 BOflbl (npHTaBIIierOCa B BOfle) nOJIKOBHHKa
TpaceBHia (TaK b tckctc -f.JI.)".
HenpaB^ajih, 3ByHHT BnenaTJieHHe? 3aecb h ponb PeBiiiTa6a BHflHa, h co-

pBaHa BpaacecKaa onepauna SonbiuoH BaacHOcra.

IlocMOTpHM KaK ocBemaeT co6biTHa Tex flHefi StiBHiHH pyKOBOHHTejib
napTH3aHCKoro jiasapeTa b Chhahhckom OTpaae n./J.MajiaeB:
"X ocTaHOBJiiocb TOJibKO Ha Tex MecTax, KOTopne HenpaBnubHO ocBeiae-
hm. TaK, b CTaTbe "Pbi6aKH c 03epa Karap" HBaH JKyKOB othocht k aeHCTBHio
OTpaaa T.MH3HHa, Ha caMOM Aejie 3Ta onepaujta 6brna npoBeaeHa no npne3fla
T.Mn3HHa, Chhahhckhmh napTH3aHaMH. Tpynny B03maBJiajiH Ouhbhjijih h
Bojikob. IlpHHeM, Xa6apoBCKHH noanojibHMfi komhtct 06 stom y3Haji ya<e nocie
B3aTHa OTpaaa rpacesHia (TaK b tckctc - r.JI.). Reno o6croano bot KaK: Ham
OTpafl nojiyHHJi CBeaeHHa, mto b ycTbe 03epa KaTap HecKOJibKO flHeft Ha3aa npn-
uieji He6oJibiuoH OTpaa 6enbix, rae ohh pa36miH narepb h 3aHHMaioTca pm6hoh

noBjieif. CBdienHa 6mjih nojiyneHw ot KpecTban AepeBHH MajibiuieBKH, a hm co-

oQihhjih 06 stom HaHaHuu. M3 Chhahhckoto napTH3aHCKoro OTpa.ua 6wjia bh-
AeneHa rpynna naprn3aH b iHcne 12 nejiOBeK. 3Ty rpynny B03raaBJiajin Ou.eBn.n-
JiH h Bojikob. 3Ta rpynna napra3aH upH noMODUH HaHatfueB ycraHOBHjia mccto

HaxoacaeHHa napoxoaa h HHCJieHHocTb 6eitbix. JXo7Kna.Bwncb ho™, napTioaHbi

6ecmyMHo BwcaannH .aecaHT. OKpyacHJiH 6ecmyMHo nauiaTKy, rae cnajiH 6ejibie,
napTH3aHti /jajiH 3ajrn h KOManay "PyKH BBepx!". Coji^aTbi caajiHCb 6e3 conpo-
THBneHHa, ho 6bmo paHeHO HauiHX rb& qejiOBeKa. FTojikobhhk TpacceBHH b sto
Bpeina HaxoAHJica Ha napoxoae "Co6ojib" (He6ojii.uioH KaTep. -T Jl.), BH^a 6e3-
BbixoflHOCTb CBoero nojioaceHHa, peuiHJi cnpaTaTbca b BOfle, oTKyaa ero h BMTa-
uihjih. FIoMor napTH3aHaM b 3tom motophct napoxoaa "CoSojib". Bot TaK 06-
CToajio fleno c rpaceBMHCM. EpyH^a, kohchho, HanncaHa HacneT "PbiSaKOB", He
aypaK 6biji TpaceBHH, hto6 He pacno3HaTb b pbi6aKax napTM3aH h ecjiH 6w 6bmo
TaK, KaK pHcyeT H.)KyKOB, to oh - TpaceBHH, Bcex napTM3aH B3aji 6bi ^CHBteM,
t.k. TpaceBHH 6bin cneuHanbHO nocnaH jiobhtb "Pbi6aK0B" - napTH3aH, a He yxy
c napTH3aHaMH xBajiHTb, buxoaht, hto He MeKCHKaHKy BbiTammiH H3 Bo/ibi, a

'
ABTOp HMeji B BHay KaneTCKHii Kopnyc h He oseHb hctko pa36Hpajicn b TepMMHOJiorHM.
142
caMOro TpaceBHHa. KcTaTH, y Hero 6f,ma He MeKCHKaHKa, KaK noBecTByeT aBTop,
a naTHpa3paflHtiH 3-JiHHeHHbiii BHHHecrep, KOropbiM 3aBnaaeji a. YTBepacaaio,
hto nocne snn3oaa c TpaceBHHeM k HaM npncjiajiH tob. Mw3HHa h toju>ko nocJie
yTBep>KfleHHa KOMaHflHpOM T. MH3HHa Ha3BaJlH OTpaa "MopCKHM", T.K. T. Mh-
3HH 6bin MopiiK h oh npeAJioacHji HMeHOBaTt OTpaa "MopcKHM", bot Tax 06-
ctohjio aeao c iiojikobhhkom rpaceBHHeM".
Ho TaK jih 6bmo b aeHCTBHTejibHocrra? Beab b apynix BocnoMHHaHHax
n.JI.MajiaeB roBopHT, hto oh caM 6bm ynacTHHKOM rpynnw napTH3aH, npOBO-
^hbiuhx onepauHio no 3axBaTy TpocceBHia, h b to »e BpeMa HyBCTBycrca, hto
ero paccKa3 co chob apyrnx jnoaeii. Bot Bbiaep>KKn H3 apyrwx BocnoMHHaHHH.
"Haina pa3BeaKa ycTaHOBHJia, hto aeftcTBHTejibHO b ycTbe npoTOKH 03epa
KaTap HaxoAHnacb 6ejiorBapaeHCKaa KOMaHfla b KOJiHnecTBe 10 nenoBeK. Mbi
HanpaBHJiH b pacnopaaceHHe rpynny napTraaH c uejibio 3axBaTHTb KanMbiKOB-
CKyro pa3BeaKy... Ha aonpoce hojikobhhk MOJinaji, hc xotcji aaace Ha3broaTb (j)a-
mhjihh, ho ero conaaTbi paccKa3ajiH bck> npaBay. 3to 0Ka3anca itojikobhhk Tpa-
ceBHM, HanairbHHK yne6HOH nacTH KaaercKoro Kopnyca, h npaBaa pyica aTaMana
KajiMbiKOBa h coBeTHHK HaiajibHHKa K0HTppa3BeaKH oTpaaa KajiMbiKOBa, H3-
BecTHoro 6aHjiHTa Cyxoaojibcicoro.
CoJiaaT nocne aonpoca OTnycTHJiH Ha Bee Herape CTopoHH, ho ohh noHTH
BCe OCTajIHCb B OTpaae, T.K, 6bIJIH Mo6HJIH30BaHM HaCHJIbHO.
HonKOBHHKa TpaceBHia napTH3aHbi OueBmiJiH-naBJiymoiH h KpnyjinH Ha
napoxoae "CoGoJib" yBe3Jin Ha octpob HenoaajieKy ot croiiSHma Myxy (b 5 kh-
nOMeTpax HHMce no TeneHHro Chhahhckoh npoTOKH ot noc. CnHaa. - f.JI.). He
ao6nBinncb HHHero ot njieHHoro Ha aonpocax, OixeBHJiJTH-naBJiyuKHH h Kpwy-
jihh caMOJiHHHO paccrpejiajin TpaceBHHa. BcKope nocne paccTpena TpaceBHia
B03HHKJIH HenpeflBHfleHHbie o6cToaTejibCTBa: 6yKBanbHO nepe3 aeHb-aBa nocne
paccTpejia oxpaHHbie nocrrbi 3aaep>KaJin 2-x noao3pHTejibHbix jihii. Ha aonpoce
BbiacHHJiocb, hto 3TO nocjiaHUbi aTaMaHa KajiMbiKOBa h Han. K0HTpa3BenKH Cy-
xoflOJibCKoro. MeHbiueBHK MoacapoB vl eme oawH, aonacHO 6biTb, oxpaHHHK. Ot
3toh "aenerauHH" mm y3HanH, hto 6ejiorBapaeeu TpaceBMH KpynHbiH 6eno6aH-
flHT, KOHcyjibTaHT caMoro KajiMbiKOBa. KajiMMKOB npeajiaran nio6bie ycjiOBHH 3a
coxpaHeHMe »ch3hh h ocBoGoKaeHHe cBoero noapyHHoro. A TpaceBHM-To 6hji
y»ce paccTpejiaH. H Bee ace mh penman nonbtTaTbea, MO>KeT 6biTb, yaacrca nap-
TH3aHaM npoH3BecTH "o6MeH". Mbi 3HanH, hto b xariMbiKOBCKOM 3acreHKe TO-
MATca HapoaHbie KOMHCcapw: a-p KpHBopynico, KnM-CraHKeBHH a MHorne apy-
rne. Mbi nocTaBHJiH TaKwe ycjroBHa: ecnH 6ejrorBapaeHCKoe KOMaHaoBaHwe bm-
nycTHT Ha CBo6oAy Haiunx Hapoanbix KOMHecapoB h npHBe3eT b yKa3aHHWH Ha-
mh paiioH, KpoMe Toro, b npHna^y OTnycTHT 100 bhhtobok, 1000 naTpoH h 300
nyaoB MyKH, Mbi nepeflanHM jkhboto TpaceBHMa. Mo*apoB noTpe6oBaji c HauiH-
mh ycnoBHaMH nocjiaTb CBoero HejioBexa. Mbi peuiHJin nocnaTb BonKOBa, oh
JIH4H0 paccTpejiHBan TpaceBHna, HaBpaa nvt Bbiaacr TaftHy h mccto pacnoJioxe-
hhh Hamero OTpaaa. Oh cornacnnca B3aTb Ha ce6a TaKyio ponb.
Bohkob 6wji HeSonbinoro pocra, cna6oK KOMruieKUHH, MopaiibHo Heyc-
tohhhb, b npoumoM yrojioBHMM npecrynHHR, eMy HHHero He ctohiio y6«Tb ne-
143
jioBeKa, ho b aaHHOM oiynae Bojikob nopyneHHe oxpaaa ao6po-
BbinoiiHHJi sxo
COBeCTHO... BOJIKOB 6bIJI OHCHb H3BOpOTJIHBHM H OCTpOyMHbIM, 3a CJIOBOM B
KapMaH He jre3. OTBenaji hm coBceM He to, hto hx HHTepecoBano. TaK paccKa3aji
BonKOB. KanMbiKOB Haum ycjioBHH OTBepr, ho coniaceH 6hm aaTb 100 bhhto-
bok, 1000 narpoHOB h He6onbiuoe KOJTHHecxBo npoflOBOJibCTBHa, hxo ace KacaeT- ,

ca 3aKHiOHeHHbix KOMHecapoB, to 3tot Bonpoc TpyflHO pa3peuiHM... Tor.ua Boji-

kob 3aaBHJi, hto einy He o hzm. pa3rOBapHBaxb, h npocHJi .HOcraBHXb ero o6pa-rao
ana .noiaiafla CBoeMy KOMaHflOBamuo. npoaepacaB eiue HecKOJibKo ausvi, KanMM-
kob ornycTHn BonKOBa, coo6i«hb eivry, hto CBoe pemeHHe oh coo6mHT nepe3
Mo)KapOBa.
MeHbUjeBHK MojKapos cnoBa npn6bin b Ha3HaneHHoe MecTO h coo6mHn,
hto KajiMbiKOB He MOJtceT 0CBo6oflHTb TpeSyeMbix hslmh TOBapHmefi h npocHT
Ha3Batb flpyrne fyzammm m
HHCJia 3aitniOHeHHbix. Mm
OTBepnm 3to npeano-
xceroie h 3aaBHJiH MoacapoBy, hto sth .moot HHnero o6mero c 6onbiueBHKaMH He
hm«ot h HaM Hen3BccTHbi, TpaceBHH 6y,nex paccxpenaH. KaK cxaHex h3bcctho
no3aHee, T.KpHBOpyHKO h KHM-CTaHKeBHH SbiJiH y6HTbi 3axiojiro no apecrra 6e-
jioroapfleHua rpocceBHna". (KHM-CxaHKeBHH ySwxa KanMMKOBuaMH 18 cenxa6pa
1918roaa.-r.J7.)
7 aBrycra 1919 roaa axataaH KajiMbiKOB H3flaii npHKa3 no Xa6apoBCKOMy
rapHH30Hy, niacHBiiiHH: "5 cero aBrycra BoenHxaxeJib tcaaeTCKoro Kopnyca nojt-
KOBHHK TpOCCeBHH H 6bIBUIHH C HHM KapayJI CTpeJIKOB 36 CH6HpCKOrO CTpeHKO-
Boro nonKa b 7 nenoBeK Ha o3epe KaTap noaseprjiHCb HanaaeHHK) 6onbiueBHCX-
CKOH 6aHflbI HHCJieHHOCTbK) flO 100 HeJIOBeK.
BcTynHBiiiH b nepecrpejiKy h noxepaBiiiH ao 4 nejioBeK paHeHWMH, noji-
kobhhk TpocceBHH c 3 CTpejiKaMH CTaji xcepxBofi ao6biHH npeaaxejibCKoii maita
h o cy^b6e hx HeH3BecTHo flo Hacroamero BpeMeHH.
PaccMaxpHBaa BoopyaceHHwe 6aHflbi 6onbineBHKOB KaK h3mchhhkob h
npcaaTenefi, ho oraioflb He KaK noJieBoro BoeHHoro npoTHBHHKa, cxoa na 3amn-
Te Ka^Aoro HHHa rapHH30Ha KaK 6ofiua B03poacAaiomeHca apMHH, o6i>aBJiaio:
Ecjih nepe3 7 flHefi co ima H3flaHHa Hacroamero npHKa3a xcepxBbi npeaa-
TenbCKoro xeppopa nonKOBHHK TpocceBHH h ero cxpejiKH He 6yayx b Xa6apoB-
CKe, a HeMeaneHHO paccxpenaio coflepacaiuHxca nop. apecxoM cjieayioiuHx Jihu
npHnacxHbix k 6onbiueBH3My: KpuBopynKo, AKceHOBa-MonoflHioK, BepHUixeft-
Ha, HnKOJiaeBa BjiaaHMHpa, Ka3apHHOBa MBaHa, Py6ana HBaHa, KajiMbiKOBa
Teoprna, llIxaGHoro EinejibaHa, TexMaHa AjieKcaHflpa, IlHHeK-HBaHOBa Teop-
raa.
KoMenaaHTy ropoaa uiHpoKO ony6jiHKOBaTb Hacxoaimra npHKa3 u b cny-
nae HeBbinonHeHHa nocraBJieHHoro b Heni xpe6oBamia 15 cero aBrycra b 4 naca
yxpa npHBecrH b HcnojiHeHHe h MHe aoHecra.
KoMaHflHpy 36 CH6npcKoro crpejiKOBoro nonKa npOH3BecrH noapo6Hoe
ao3HaHHe, Koxopoe npeacxaBHTb MHe Ha npeaMeT npeacraBJieHHa k Harpaae mo-
HanajibHHK rapHH30Ha aTaMaH KajiMbiKOB".
jioflbix CTpeJIKOB.
Hepe3 eme oouh npHKa3 cneayiomero coaepacaHHa:
jjBa flHa 6bin H3flaH

"3ano»HHKa IlHHeK-HBaHOBa, KaK He npHHafljieacamero k HHcny apbix fleaTejieft

144
6oJibineBH3Ma, HCKJHonaK) H3 cnacKa h 3aMeHaio KOMHecapoM Xa6apoBCKOH
cJieflCTBeHHoii komhcchh Thtobmm".
KanMHKOB noompun B03BpaTHBuiHxca b ropoa AByx coJiaaT, KOTOpbix
napTH3anM oTnycranH Ha Bee nexbipe cTopoHM.
BecbMa CBoeo6pa3Ho onHCbmaeT aiynau Ha craepe KaTap II.A.JIe6e,aeB b
paccKa3e, HaneiaraHHOM b KHHre "3xo napTH3aHCicnx conoK".
"Cbepo KaTap mhc xopouio h3bcctho. Pa6oTan a tsm c BecHbi 1919 roaa
Ha 3ae3Ke* TLoupxaHUKa - 6oraTaa 3HaTb, raaBapw KaaeTCKoro y<ie6Horo KOp-
.

nyca hojikobhhkh TpocceBHH h )KyKOBCKHH. E3ahjih ohh Ha "jiacTOMicax". Xo-

3hmctbo y hhx flo6poTHoe: 3acoJibHMH capaii, norpe6a, nanaTKH. Pu6h 6pajin
MHoro - cojihjth b 6omkh h CBeacyio B03HJIM KyHracaMH b ropofl...
3auernuiH mm 6apKac h ompaBUJiHci. b XaSapoBCK. TaM rpocceBHH Hac
paccHHTan h npHKa3ajr aBHTbca Ha npH3bm b cojwitm...
IlpHiiiJTH Ha 3aHMKH (Tenepb 3to MecTo BacKH Ha3HBaeTCH). Chiwt jxaoe m
Hapax - o6opBaHHbie, 3aKonieHHbie. TepexOB H3 EnaroBemencKa h KpacHOB -
KpacHoapMeen H3 KpacHoapcica... Hx scero-ro oica3ajiocb iuecTepo, £a Hac bo-
ceMb nenoBeK...
- HaHTe Ha BopoHeac, - nocoBeTOBaji Pa6KOB, - k Ainypy Bbixczurre.
Ctojikhhtc JiOflKy, h hhkto Bac He floroHHT.
Ymrm h 3khhh Ha conKe .nBe HeflenH (nnoHepbi ee Tenepb Ha3biBaioT Ilap-
TH3aHCKoft). FTpHMKHyjio k HaM em,e qeTBepo H3 cena BopoHexc... Y6e»cajTH b
CpejjHHH BopOHeac. CrojiKHynH mecrb jioaok, rpe6nH nanKaMH, iuimbcm no
npaMOM npoTOKe. IIotom CBepHyjiH b 3ajiHB h npH^ajiHJiH k ocroacbio. TaM oica-
3anHCb Bojiothh, KpHByjiHH, IleqepHHH, 3aBap3HH (3tot OKa3ajica b .najibHeft-

uieM npeaaxejieM), a Bcero hx TyT oica3ajiocb BoceMHazmaTb "tenoBeic, aa Hac

ctojibko hcc. H36pajiH KOMaHflHpoM EojioTHHa. Ho TyT npnexanH c 6a3bi iJhio-
thjihh HMKOnafiKohhcb (oh yace 6wji hjichom napTH3aHCKoro uiTa6a) n Mh3HH.
KoMaHflHpoM y Hac CTan Mh3hh, a Bokothh - 3aMecTHTeneM...
Hto6m pa3flo6biTb opyacne h npoflOBOJibCTBHe, peuieHO 6mjio HanacTb Ha
"pbiSoKOMSHHaT" TpocceBMHa... Mh3hh nocjian b pa3BeflKy MeHa (y3Han, hto a
TaM pa6oTan) h HBaHa KyoHHCicoro... BepHyjiHCb, bojiohchjih. Mh3hh npHKa3&n:
b nyrb!
BbiuiJiH Ha BOCbMH jiOAKax, Ha BecejibHbix. KaK EpMaic b noxoa uieji...

3anernH. Mh3hh KpuKHyji;

- 3ft, conflaTbi! XBaTHT cnaTb - naprn3aHM npHniJin! BbiKHAbreafi bhhtob-
kh, bmxoah!
B najiaTKe 3amejncara 3aTBopw. Torfla Mh3hh cKOMannoBaji:
- OroHb!
B nepecxpejiKe mm paHmiH HecKOJibKO cojiaaT. Hx OTnycraiH b ropoa...
A
nornSjiH y Hac THMO^eft CTapHKOB H3 BopoHeaca - nyjia nonana eMy b
cepaue, h oahh MaTpoc. Maxpoca noxoporouiH Ha Mecre, THMO(j)ea CrapHKOBa
OTnpaBHJIH B pOAHOe CejIO... C nOJIKOBHHKOM nOKOHHHJIH... 3ae3KH TpocceBKHa,

'
HHonia ynoTpe6^aeTca Ha3Bamie "3aeinoK".
10. 7in. 2480 145
KaK GenorBapfleflcKoe rHe3flO, mm y hhhxoschjih 3a6pajiH Bee xo3hhcxbo: MyKy,
,

Gonxax pw6y MaiccyH, opyacHe, KaTep. KaTep npHiujrocb

cBHHeii, 3acojieHHyio b
6pocHT& - ropronero TpyaHo ,n;ocxaTb".
KaK bhjwm H3 paccKa3a JIe6eaeBa, A.n.rpocceBHH He npoBOflHJi pa3Be^Kn
MecTOHaxo)KfleHHa napTH3aH, a 3aHHMajica 3aroTOBKoii pbi6w asm Ka^excKoro
Kopnyca h Ha npouaxcy b ropoa.
CMepTb TpocceBHHa noBneicia 3a co6oh uenb kpobsbbix co6wthh, koto-
pbie HapacTanH, KaK CHeacHbift kom.
Ha Te coGhthh npojiHBaex paccKa3 (HHKoraa He
flonojiHHTejibHbifi csex
6bm HanenaTaH, TaK KaK h BocnoMHHaHHa n./J.MajiaeBa) SbiBiiiero napxraa-
>Ke
Ha cHHflHHCKoro OTpa.ua, noTOM KOMaHflHpa nojixa KpacHOH ApMHH HH>KHero
AMypa h Ha^anbHHKa mxa6a AMryHO-TbipcKoro 4>pOHxa C.C. Cxpejibu,oBa-
Kyp6aTOBa:
"OcTaBaacb BepHbiM peuieHHaM c%e3m, a noBexi b c.CHHaa nponaraH/iHCT-
cxyio arHTaiiHOHHyio paSoxy npoxHB BjiacTH KojinaKa h KajiMbiKOBa h pa3iac-
hhji KpecTbHHaM, HToSbi nojuieacamaa npH3biBy b apMHio KojinaKa MOJiofle5Kb He
iuna k HeMy, a Bcxynajia 6bi b KpacHwe napTH3aHCKHe oxpaabi h 6opojiacb 6bi
npoTHB BJiacTH KojmaKa. Co mhom Tanace Ben pa6oTy t. HepHbix B.H., pa6oHHii
apcenajia, h IUepHii MBaH.
B HKine Mecflue 1919 roaa Ha Ainype noaBHJica napTH3aHCKHH oxpa,a x.
MH3HHa B HHCJie 15 MejiOBeK, b KOTOphifi H3 c.CHHfla BcxynHJiH x.CxpenbuoB-
KypSaxoB, IUepHii HBaH, HepHbix BacunHH, MajiaeB IlaBeji h noflne^KatuHe mo-
6min3auHH b 6enyro apMHio 6paxba KaiuHHCKHe CienaH h AjieKcaHflp, riexpoB-
ckhh BaCHJiHH, KamxaHOB Oeaop, Eejibix Bjia^HMHp, PbiK Thmo^h h ap. noane
BcxyruieHHfl b oxpaa chhahhucb oTpaa MH3HHa Ha 03epe Kaxap 3axBaTHJi 6eno-
rBapaeHCKOro nojiKOBHHKa TpocceBMHac 10 coimaxaMH. PaHeHbix KOJmaKOBCKHX
cojwax oxnyCTHJiH b XaSapoBCK c coJizjaTaMH, Koxopbie He 3axoxejiH Bcxynaxb k
napXH3aHaM, a Tpoe BcxynnnH b napxn3aHCKHft oxpa^: JIacxoB, IlyraHeB h
xpexbero (Jwmhjihw ne homhio.
OluhSkoh Mn3HHa npw 3axBaie nojiKOBHHKa TpocceBHHa 6bmo yHHHTo-
*eHHe rpocceBHMa. Mexay xeM urra6 KajiMbiKOBa nocjian Ha po3mckh Fpocce-
BHHa HeKoero MoacapoBa, c KoxoptiM b Xa6apoBCK noexajt npeacxaBHxenb nap-
XH3aHCKoro oxpaxia x.Bojikob, Koxopoiny npefljiaranw 3a nojiKOBHHKa TpocceBH-
na oCB06oflHXb naxb nejiOBeK cosexcKHx pa6oxHHKOB, b xom HHCJie flOKxopa
KpHBopyHKO (oflHH M3 aKTHBHeKuiHX opraHM3axopOB coBexcKOH BJiacxH b Xa6a-
pOBCKe h Ha CaxajiHHe. - r.JI.), ho 6hjio yace no3flHo Becxn neperoBopu noxoiwy,
hxo TpocceBHH 6bIJI yHHHTO^CeH.
H3 c.CjiasaHKa k HaM b oTpafl scxynHJiH CKpwBaBuineca TaM ox 6enMX
OaBJiyuKHH-OuHBejiJiH h JIaBpoB CxenaH...
Ha fleftcxBHH napxH3aH axaMaH KanMbiKOB Bbicnan H3 Xa6apoBCKa cwjib-
Hyio KapaxejibHyro 3KcneAKUHio Ha KaHOHepKax h napoxo^ax. SKcnexiHUHa no-
cxaBHJia CBoeH 3aaaHeH ^HKBHflHpoBaxb napxH3aHCKHH oxpaa HHCJieHHocxbio
Bcero 35 HenoBeK.

146
 IlepBoii cBoeg ao6jiecTbio 6enbie h anoHUbi noKa3ajin 3K3eicyuHK> Haa
mhphhm c. CHHfla, rae 6bmn y6nTbi cejibCKHH
HaceneHHeM. Tax 6bma coaoKeHa
cTapocra BaimcoBeu. TpH(J>OH h crapHK Phk n. h pa3rpa6;ieH0 Bee npoflOBOJibcr-
BMe, 3anaceHHoe Ha 3HMy, a HaceneHHe Bee y6e>Kajio b Tanry... riocjie cohchcchhh
c.Chham 6bmo co3aaHO o6mee co6paHne napTH3aHCKoro orpima MiraHHa h bbh-
jxyTpycocTH KOMaHOTpa OTpjwa T.MH3HHa h HOKenaHHa aeiicTBOBaTb npoTHB
HHTcpBeHTOB h 6ejibix 6ojiee 3HeprnMH0 h npeflJiaraBtuero oxcHacHBaTbca rny6o-
ko b Taiire. Co6paHHe 6bmo BbiHy*fleHO oTCTpaHHTb MH3HHa ot KOMaHimpa ot-
paaa h H36pajio KOMannHpoM oTpaaa T.OuHBMjmH-riaBJiyirKoro..."
Akuhh KajiMbiKOBiieB h anoHueB He ycTpauiHJia HaceneHHe h napTO3aH, a
HanpoTHB nocjiy*HJia B03pacraHHio HeHaBHCTH k 6enHM h HHTepBeHTaM. Tax,
MajieHbKHH OTpaa b 19 HenoBeK, BHuiefluiHH H3 cena AHacTacbeBKa b nepBbix
HHcnax Hoa6pa noji KOMaHAOBaHneM flKOBa HBaHOBH^a TparoiubiHa h flBHHyB-
iiiHHca bhh3 no Arnypy, 3a xpn Mecana npeBparanca b apMHio b HecKOJibKO Tbican
qenoBex.
ApHtJiMCTHKa KaoiMbiKOBa - 3a oahoto 6enorBap,neHu,a paccxpeji AecaTH
3ailO>KHHK0B, - 3TO KpOBaBblH 3aKOH J1K)60H TpaSKflaHCKOH BOHHH, pa3BHBaiO-
mefica, KaK ueriHaa a^epHaa peaKuna aTOMHoft 6om6h. Poahhkh kpobh o6pa3y-
iot peicy.
KoHeMHO ace, KOMetmaHT XaGapoBCKa Bbinojimm npHKa3 KajiMbiKOBa, h
mh BnpaBe CHHTaxb, ito KpHBopyHico AjieKcanup MaTBeeBHq, 6mbiiihh hjtch
KOJijierHH KOMHecapHaTa /JajibcoBHapKOMa, HananbHHK caHHTapHoro oxaejia
KpaeBoro IilTa6a KpacHofi ApMHH, FBapflHH h <t>JioTa h flpyrae TOBapHiuM, ne-
peHHCJieHHbie b npHKa3e KajiMbiKOBa, Smjih paccrrpejiaHbi 15 aBrycra 1919 roaa,
xOTa MOryr 6biTb h apyrae MHeHHa, Bezib hctophk aonmeH onwpaTbca Ha jjOKy-
MeHTbi, k KOTOpbiM 6ecnoma,HHO BpeMa hjih ace nexcaT ohh b apxHBax He/iocTyn-
Hbie HccjieaoBaTejiaM.
Bot TaK (J)aMHJiHa TpocceBHHa ocTanacb b hctophh ropoaa Xa6apoBCKa b
CBa3H c 6opb6oft asyx HfleoJiorHH, AByx UBeroB - KpacHoro h Eenoro!
A hto ytte cyflb6a Tex, kto ynacTBOBaji b njieHCHHH h paccrpejie
A.n.rpocceBHHa?
Chpaa MH3HHa npucoeflHHHJica k TpannubiHy, h Mh3hh 6bin H36paH 3a-
MecTHTeneM KOMaHAHpa OTpaAa, ho BCKope 6mji y6paH c stoh aojdkhocth.
•H.H.TpariHUbiH b nocneayiomeM 3a HencnonHeHHe npnKa3a 06 yGbrraw Ha 4>poHT
npHKa3an apeCTOBaTb rpHropwa CeMeHOBHHa MH3HHa. BMecre c 6ojibiuoH
rpynnoH, 3aMbiuiJiaBUiHX CBepaceHHe TpanwubiHa, Mh3Hh 6mji paccxpejiaH 27
Maa 1920 roaa. AnapxHcr HBaH KapbaHOBMH OueBHJiJiH-riaBJiyuKHH, cTaBiuHfl k
to My speiweHH oahhm H3 6jih3khx k TpanHUbmy moaevi, h eme mecTb nexiOBeK
BMeCTe c TpanHUbiHbiM 6biJiH paccTpenaHbi 9 Hiojia 1 920 ro^a b nocejiKe Kep6n
(HbiHe noc. hm. n.OcHneHKo). Hepe3 HecKonbKo aHefi 6hji paccTpejiaH h Bojikob,
a TaKHce eme 1 5 nejioBeK H3 HHcna pa6oTHHKOB CoBeTCKOH BJiacTH CaxajiHHCKOH
o6nacrn (c 14 MapTa 1917 roaa ropoa HnKOJiaeBCK-Ha-AMype 6bm ueHTpoM Ca-
xanHHCKoii o6jiacTH), KOManaHpOB nojiKOB h napTH3aHCKHx OTpaaoB, yqacTBo-
BaBiunx b BoccTaHOBJieHHH CoBeTCKOH BJiacrH Ha Hn>KHeM AMype. Hx cy^HJi
io. 147
cBoeo6pa3HMH cya JIhhhe m
103 lanoBeK (nocjie nepBoro pacarpejia 6ojifamnH-
ctbo hx pa36e)Kajiocb, h npauiJioct cj>opMnpoBaTb jipyroii cya), KOTOpbiM pyKO-
soawi ca.MOSBaHHMH hobmh PeBiiiTa6. TnaBHyio ponb b 3tom PeBUiTa6e Hrpaji
6mbiuhh 6enorBapfleHCKHH o<j>Huep-apTHJiJiepncT HBaH Thxohobhh AsmpeeB,
nepeineaiuHH Ha dopoHy KpacHbix TOJibKO noaie OBJiaaeHHa hmh KpenocTH
HHwppax b <J>eBpajie 1920 roaa. Bxoahji b 3tot PeBiirraS h npHHCKOBJiaaejieii
npeace^aiejib KoniaKOBCKOH 3cmckoh ynpaBbi b Kep6H. HenocpeACTBeHHO bbjih
cyn: 6biBUinH HanajitHHK KOJinaKOBCKOH iiojihuhh Ha CaxajiHHe b 1919 ro/ry Ob-
hhhhhkob, a TaKHce Bopo6beB - po^cTBeHHUK paccrpejiaHHoro b HHKOJiaeBCKe
6oraia h 6enorBapaeiiua HeinepseBa. Ilo3flHee Bopo6beB y6eacan k anoHuaM b
HHKonaeBCK, a Obhhhhhkob Bbiexan b AMepHKy h BbinycTHJi TaM 6pomiopy o
co6mthax 1920 rofla b HHKonaeBCKe. Hto ace Kacaerca H.T.AHflpeeBa, to oh
c6excaji k anoHuaM h pa6oTaji y hhx Ha CaxajiHHe no 1925 roaa, 3aTeM OKa3anca
b MaHBHJKypHH, rae h yMep b 1936 ro^y.
BecbMa HHTepecHO, hto cya Benca iioa Jio3yHroM... 3a CoBercKyio BJiacrb!
Hto6i>i 6biTb nocne^oBaTenbHbiM, bcitomhhii, KaK okohhhji cboh ahh h
H.n.KajiMbiKOB.
Orpa6nB Xa6apoBCKHH 6aHK h 3axBaTHB c co6oh 36 nyjjoB 3oji0Ta, aTa-
MaH anoHuaM, to jih b ynnaTy 3a Kaxwe-TO
6e>Kaji H3 ropo.na. 3ojioto Aocrajiocb
Aojith, to jih Ha coxpaHeHHe, a KanMHKOB yxptijica ot npecjieAOBaBuinx ero pe-
BOJHOUHOHHblX BOHCK 8 KHTae, HO 6bIJI apeCTOBaH H y6HT KHTaHCKHMH BJiaCTaMH.
3th KpoBaBbie ApaMbi a paccKa3aji He ana toto, hto6h y jnojieH 3ameBe-
JIHJIHCb BOJJOCH Ha TOJIOBe H OHH HaqajlH pa36HpaTbCa, KTO npaB, a KTO BHHOBaT
b coSbiraax Tex Anew. K MOMeHTy njieHeHHa TpocceBHHa npomen iiohth roA
KajiMtJKOBCKOro Teppopa b Xa6apoBCKe, y napTH3an 6mjih ocHOBaHHa flira Hena-
bhcth k 6ejibiM, xoTa b OTHOineHHH jihhho TpocceBMHa Bpaa jih ohh motjih
npefltaaMTb hto-jihSo cepbe3Hoe, oh ocTaBajica BocnHTaTejieM b KafleTCKOM Kop-
nyce, b kotopom cjiyacMJi h paaee, AOKyMem-ajibHbix CBHAerenbCTB o ero 6jih30-
cth k KajiMMKOBy He HaHfleHO.
MHe xOTenocb, hto6m yBHaenn, KaK o/j,ho 3jio nopoamaeT apyroe, KaK 6e3-

3aKOHHe BeaeT k TpanmecKHM nocneacTBHHM.

Bot TaK HMa rieTpa CrenaHOBHua rpocceBHia OKa3ajiocb CBa3aHHbiM He
TOJibKO c TonorpacfiHMecKHMH KapTaMH, KOTOpbie oh co3AaBan Ha TeppHTOpHH
/JajibHero BocTOKa, ho h c HcropHiecKHMH co6biTH3MH Ha 3eMJie, KOTOpyio oh
jik>6hji h c bmcokhm MacxepcTBOM h npo(J)eccHOHajiH3MOM oTo6pa2can Ha KapTax.

148
 &aAbHe-BocmoHHciH ApMua
(6eAan, 1920-1922 tz.)

HecMOTpa Ha BcecropoHHioio noMomb h aKTHBHoe yiacTHe b Pocchhckoh

fpa>KAa.HCKOH BOMHe Ma CTOpOHe 6ejioro ABHaceHHa mhothx HHOcrpaHHbix rocy-
^apcTB, b KOHue 1919 h Hanane 1920 i-oaob Ha o6uiHpHbix npocTpaHCTBax Ch-
6Hpn b pe3yjibTare o6i>eAHHeHHbix ycHJiHH KpacHOft ApMHH, KpacHWX napxH3aH
h noflnoJibmHKOB 6wJia pa3rpoMJieHa apMHJi BepxoBHoro npaBHTena Pocchh a#-
MHpana A.B.KojrqaKa. npOAeJiaB SecnpHMepHtrfl no raroTaM h jiHineHHaM JTe-
flOBMH noxoa, HcajiKHe ocxarKH apMHH CMornH yflra 3a Ea&Kaji h yKpbrrbca 3a
UJTHKaMH JinOHCKOM apMHH. PyKOBOAHBIUHH B TOT MOMeHT ocTancaMH 6ejioii
apMHM reHepaji-JieftTeHaHT C.H.BoHuexoBCKHH onpeAeJiaJi hx HHCJieHHOCTb b
TpmmaTb tucxh lejioBeK bmcctc c 6eaceHuaMH. O pojiH anoHueB HaH6onee neroo
Bbipa>KaeT Mbicnb B.Jl.CepreeB b "OnepKax no hctophh Eenoro abhjkchhji Ha
JJajibHeM BocTOKe" (H3fl.Xap6HH, 1937r.): "Ohh (anoHUbi. - r.JI.) noMonm HaM
yaep>KaTb b cbohx pyicax 3a6aHKajibe, KorAa nocne naaeHna Omckoto npaBH-
TenbCTBa 6enaa BJiacrb pymmiacb noBceMecTHO... TojibKO 6jiaroAapa no/wepacKe
HnnnOHCKOH (.HnoncKOH. - r.JI.) 3KcneAHLUiOHHOH apMHH npecneflOBaHne Kpac-
hhmh OTCTynaionieH Ch6hpckoh apMHH ocraHOBHJiocb y 3anaflHbix rparam 3a-
B tot nepno.ii BoncKa, npHuieauine b 3a6afiKajibe, hochjih Ha3BaHne
6afiKanb3i..."
"KannenesneB" no hmchh oflHoro H3 pyKOBOAHTejieft 6ejibix, KOMaHflOBasuiero
apMnefi ao BoHuexoBCKoro, reHepaji-neHTeHaHTa BnaAHMHpa OcicapoBHHa Kan-
nenfl.

B 3a6aiiKajibe KanneneBUbi HeMeAJieHHO Smjih peopraHH30BaHbi h o6ie-

AHHeHbi c BoficKaMH aTaMaHa TpHropHH MnxaftjiOBKHa CeMeHOBa, KOTopoMy 4
flHBapa 1920 roAa A.B.KoJinaK nepeAan bch) nonHOTy BJiacra na TeppHTopnH
Pocchhckoh Boctohhoh OKpaHHbi. Ebina co3AaHa apMHa, nojiyHHBiuaa Ha3BaHHe
/J,ajIbHe-B0CT0MHOH ApMHH, B KOTOpOH TCM He MeHee COXpaHHJIHCb nOHHTHH
"ceMeHOBUbi" h "KanneneBnbi". 25 MapTa 6buiH c<})opMHpoBaHbi Tpn Kopnyca. B
cocTaB I 3a6anKaJibCKoro Kopnyca b ochobhom bouijih ceMeHOBUbi, KOMaHAOBan
hm reHepaji-JiefixeHaHT MainieBCKHH. B xopnyc bxoahjih: 3a6aiiKajibCKaa Ka3a-
1

HbH AHBH3HH (reH.-JI-HT ApTaMOHOB) B COCTaBe HCTbipeX Ka3aHbHX nOJIKOB, 2 3a-

SaHKanbCKaa AHBH3na aHanorHHHoro coCTaBa, 1 MaHbHacypcicaa KOHHaa ahbh-
3Ha (reH.-n-HT HeiaeB) b cocTaBe OxaejibHoro Ka3aHCKOro AparyHCKoro ahbh-
3H0Ha, OxAenbHoro Cn6HpcKoro ynaHCKOro AHBH3HOHa, OTAenbHoro EicaTe-
pHHSyprcKoro ynaHCKoro AHBH3H0Ha, 1 KoHHoro aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa nonna;
OTAejIbHOH MaHbH)KypCKOH CTpejIKOBOH AHBH3HH H KoHHO-a3HaTCKOH AHBH3HH
YHrepHa 4>oh UlTepH6epra. H3 KanneneBueB (xj>opMHpoBanH 2 Ch6hpckhh (reH.
Cmojihh) h 3 Bojihcckhh (ren.-ji-HT B.M.MoJinaHOB) Kopnyca.
Bo 2 Kopnyce 0Ka3anHCb OMCKaa crpejiKOBaa ahbh3ha (n-K ApryHOB) b co-
craBe HniHMCKoro crpejiKOBoro nojnca, 3 EapHaynbCKoro h 4 OMCKoro; HpKyT-
CKaa AHBH3HH (reH. PaKHTHH) - HpKyTCKHii CTpejiKOBbiii nojiK, Ahhtckhh kohhuh

149
AHBH3HOH, OxaejikHbiii KpacHoy<J)HMCKHH hhbh3hoh; ,fl(o6poBOJib«iecKaa 6pHra#a
(reH.-M-p OcHnoB) - 1 ,D(o6poBOJibHecKHH nojiK, 3 .TJoSpOBOJibHecKHH nonK, Ot-
fleJIbHWH KOHHblft AHBH3HOH, ^(o6pOBOJTbHeCKHM apTHUJiepHHCKHH flHBH3H0H;
CBOflHaa Ka3aHbA 6pHraaa (reH.-M-p rne6oB) b cocraBe 1 1 OpeH6yprcKoro* h
CnSHpcKoro Ka3anbHx hojikob.
B Bojdkckhh Kopnyc bouijih: 1 CBOflnaa avmmm (reH.-M-p KpyrjieBCKHH) -
HsseBCKHH, Botkhhckhh, KaMCKHH CTpejiKOBbie nonKH, ErepcKHfi nojiK h Ypajio-
AjlTailCKHH KOHHblft nOJIK; 2 y({)MMCKafl OTBH3HH - Y$KMCKHM rycapCKHH nOJIK,
y<J)HMCKHH CTpejIKOBblH nOJIK, Y^HMCKMH CTpejIKOBO-apTHJIJiepHHCKHH AHBH3H0H
h 2 YpajibCKHH nonn; OrnejibHaa BojHKCKaa 6pHrafla (reH.-M-p CaxapoB) - ,

Bojdkckhh CTpejiKOBbifi nojiK, ^paryHCKHH nojiK, apTHJinepHiicKaa 6aTapea; Ot-

aenbHaa OpeH6yprcKaa Ka3anba 6pHraaa (reH.-M-p IlaHOB) - 1 2 h 1 1 opeH6ypr- ,

CKHe Ka3anbH nojiKH. Oco6oe 3HaneHHe HMena EpoHeBaa ,nHBH3Ha (n-K IloMe-
paHueB) b cocraBe 18 6pOHenoe3noB.
OceHbio 1920 rona Kasa^bH Mac™, npHweauiHe b 3a6aftKanbe b cocraBe :

KanneneBueB, 6hjih o6i,eflHHeHbi b CBOAHyio Ka3anbK> ahbh3hio (reH.-M-p ria-

hob) H3 myx. SpnraA: OpeH6yprcKaa Ka3a^bfl 6pnraaa - 1 h 2 OpeH6yprcKHe
nojiKH h CBoaHaa Ka3a^ba 6pHraaa (reH.-M-p Tne6oB) - Cn6npcKHH h Ehhcch-
ckhh Ka3aqbn nonKH. KpOMe toto, b apMHio bxojihjih TMJioBbie h qacra o6ecne-
neHHa. Ilo oueHKaM KpacHoro KOMaHaosaHHa o6maa MHcneHHocTb apMHH 6bma
okojio 25000 uiTMKOB m caSejib.
BeceHHee HacxyrmeHHe 1 HpKyxCKOH cobctckoh ahbh3hh Ha ^HTy, ctojih-
uy 3a6a3Kajiba, He npHHecno KpacHbiM ycnexa, xaK KaK b 6oeBbie neiicTBHa
BKJiioMajiHCb anoHUM. ilnoHHa He acenajia pacnpocTpaHeHHa BJiHaHHa PCOCP Ha
TeppHTOpHK) AaJibHero BocroKa no TpeM ochobhhm npHHHHaM* BO-nepswx,
0Ka3biBanHCb oSteflHHeHHbiMH enHHbiM npaBHTejibCTBOM 3cmjih BceB 6biBiueii
Pocchhckoh HMnepHH, hto npenonpenejiajio noaBJieHHe bhobs cnnbHoro Bpara;
bo-btophx, KOMMyHHCTH^ecKHe mien MorjiH npoHHKaxb b Kopeio H MaHbHHCy-
pHio, 3aHaTbie anoHuaMH, h b caMy flnoHHio h3 HenocpcucTBeHHOro KOHTaKia c
6ojibuieBHCTCKOH PoccHefl, Tperbeft npHiHHofi 6biJia 3KOH0MH4ecKa» - npeKpa-
manca 6e3HaKa3aHHbiH rpa6e3K pyccKoro ^ajibHero BocroKa.
TeM He MeHee b pe3yjibxaTe ycHJinfl coBeTCKOH AHnnoMaTHH h nocTOHHHbix
yaapOB napra3aH no anoncKHM rapHH30HaM flnoHHa npHHajia pemeHHe o bhbo-
us cbohx bohck H3 3a6aftKaiiba. OKa3aBiuHCb 6e3 HHocTpaHHOH noaaepacKH,
/TajibHe-BoCTOHHaa ApMHS 6buia o6peMeHa Ha nopaaceHHe. Hacra HaponHO-
peBoniouHOHHOH apMHH, nepe6pouieHHbie c Xa6apoBCKoro HanpaBJieHHa AMyp-
CKOrO $pOHTa COBMCCTHO C napTH3aHCKHMH (})OpMHpOBaHHaMH BocTOHHoro 3a-
6aftKajiba noa bhaom noBcraHHecKHX bohck, bh6hjih h3 Hhth 6ejibix, h b Hoa6pe
TeM npHiujiocb GeacaTb b MaHbHJKypHio, b nojiocy KHTaiiCKO-BocTOHHOH >Kejie3-
hoh aopora, htoSh no urn nepe6paTbca b IIpHMopbe, r^e eme ociaBanHCb anon-
cKHe BOHCKa, KHTaiiCKoe npaBHTenbCTBo cornacwnocb Ha onenoBaHHe 6ejioH ap-

15 aBrycra 1920 roaa 11 -ii OpeH6yprcKnii Ka3a>iHfi no^K nepejiaH b cocTaB OraejibHoii
OpeH6yprcKoft KaMMbeft 6pHraabi.
150
mhh no aopore Ha ycjioBHH, ecnti nocneaHHe caaayr opyxcne. B Knrae
3Kejie3HOH
r. A. BepjK6nuKHH H3aan npnKa3 o nepeBoae apMHH na TpyaoBoe ycTponcTBO, h
npn peuieHHH Bonpoca c npeacraBHTenaMH flBP, Ha3HaneHHbiMH ana BCTpeiH
npH6biBaromHx b IlpHMopbe bohck, Ha3biBan cbokd apMHio "TpyaOBOfi aprenbio",
ho KaTeropHHecKH He xoTen ee pacnycKaTb no aoMaM, Koraa 6mjio npeano;*eHO
BceM o4>HuepaM n conaaTaM BbiaaTb npoe3aHbie aoKyMeHTbi ana y6brrna b jik>-
6yio TOHKy Pocchh.
CoraacHO npHKa3y Bep>K6HUKoro ox 18 t^espajia 1921 roaa b IlpHMopbe
npn6bino H3 HHCJia KanneneBueB 5804 o<i)HLtepa, 10354 conaaTa, KpoMe roro,
okojio 7000 qeoioBeK 6e>KeHu;eB. Viz HHcna ceMeHOBixeB b ElpHMopbe npH6bino
okojio 4000 qenoBeK, KOTopwe pa3MecTnnncb OTaenbHO ot KanneneBueB b pafl-
oHe TpoaeKOBO, noneMy h nonyrana Ha3BaHHe TpoaeKOBCKOH rpynnnpOBKH. C
HHBapa 1921 roaa KOMaHayionjHM BOHCKaMH 3Toro paitoHa craji reHepaji-Manop
H.H.CaBenbeB, KOToporo cmchhji b Hione reHepan-neirreHaHT <t>.JT.rjie6oB, 3a
roaw bohhbi H3 BaxMHCTpo b aocny>KHBinnHca ao reHepajia. OpnKa30M reHepan-
jieHTeHaHTa r.M. CeMeHOBa, 6jiaronojiyHHO npeSwaasiiiero b ITopT-ApType,
npH6biBiuHe b TpoaeKOBO 6mjih nepe<J>opMHpoBaHbi: 1 3a6aftKanbCKaa ansH3Ha
cBepHyTa b OraenbHyio 3a6aHKajibCKyio Ka3anbio 6pnraay (reH.-n-T ApTaMOHOB)
b coCTaBe Ka3a4bero nojiKa (n-K Copokhh) h 2 Ka3anbero nonKa (n-K BaynHH);
1

1 MaHbi>KypcKaa aHBH3na CBepHyTa b oTaejibHyjo KaBaaepMHCKyro 6pHraay

(reH.-Ji-HT HeiaeB) b cocraBe OTaenbHoro KOHHoro aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa anBH-
3HOHa, CBoaHoro KaBaaepHficKoro nojixa H3 qeTbipex acKaapoHOB, coxpaHHBUiHX
Ha3BaHHa Ka3aHCKoro, CH6HpcKoro, y<J)HMCKoro n EKaTepnH6yprcKoro, h Ot-
aeubHoro apTHJiJiepHftcKoro 3CKaapoHa aByx6aTapefffloro cocTaBa 6e3 opyaHH.
CBoaHaa Ka3anba aMBH3Ma Sbina CBepHyTa b OTaenbHyio CBoaHyio Ka3anbio 6pH-
raay (reH.-M-p B.M.riaHOB) b cocTaBe OpeH6yprcKoro Ka3anbero nojiKa
(reH.-M-p B.A.BopoaHH), CH6HpcKo-EHHceHCKHH Ka3aHHH nojiK (n-K KaTaHaeB),
OTaenbHbiH nji acTy hckhh aHBH3HOH, OraenbHaa OpeH6yprcKaa aprannepHficKaa
coxHa. Kpoiwe Toro, H3 cocTaBa KanneneBueB b MapTe k rpoaeKOBuaM nepeuma
rpynna ocJwuepoB h conaaT bo rjiaBe c KOMaHawpaMH, H3 hhx Smjih o})opMHpo-
BaHbi aBe 6pnraabi: 1 CTpenKOBaa 6pnraaa (n/n-K FnyaKHH)* b cocraBe ErepcKo-
ro nojiKa (n-K AaeiccaHapoB), YpanbCKoro nojiKa (n-K Pavinep), 1 KoHHO-erep-
CKoro nojiKa (n-K CrenaHOB), 1 CrpenKOBO-apTHJinepHiicKoro aHBH3HOHa (n-K
PoMaHOBCKHH), h HMaHCKOH cothh (n-K UlHpaeB); 2 OraenbHaa cxpenKOBaa
Gpnraaa (reH.-M-p Ochhob) b cocTaBe 1 /JoSpOBOJibMecKoro noJiKa (n-K HepKec),
2 JJo6poBOJibHecKoro nonKa hm. KopHHjiOBa, KpacHoy<})HMCKoro kohhoto m-
BH3HOHa (n-K XpOMOB), 1 ^o6poBoabMecKofi 6aTapeH (k-h rafhcoBHH). KpoMe
Toro, 6bm ctjjopMMpoBaH OTaenbHbifi cBOaHbiii CTpejiKOBbift nonK b cneayiomeM
cocTaBe: OTaenbHbiH yccypnncKHM CTpejiKOBbiK anBH3HOH (n/n-K Eejibix), Ot-
aeabHbifi kohbohhmh crpenKOBbift aTaMaHa CeiweHOBa aHBH3HOH (n-K EyfiBHa),
OTaeJibHbiii MaHbHyKypcKHH crpejiKOBbift aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa aHBH3HOH (n-K

"
n.E.r^yaKMH chsui noroHbi reHep£ui-MaBopa k Haiti noAnojiKOBHHMhH b naMHTb o cjiyjK-

6e y Kojiiaica.
151
Dia3K0B). KaMCKHH KOHHblH .HHBH3HOH (n-K Hafl3a,«HH, n-K KpbUlOB) H OTfleJIb-
hmh orpna (ec. BoHKapeB, n-K ^mhtphcb) b cocTaBe TpofleKOBCKOH rpynnw 6bi-
jih caMOCToaTenbHWMH bohhckhmh HacraMH, ne Bxo,oamHMH b apyrae crpyKTy-

pbi. no npn6biTHH b IlpHMOpbe KannejieBuw pa3MecrnjiHCb b Pa3flOJibHOM h Hh-

KOJibCKe-YccypHHCKOM, no3AHee nacxb H3 hhx 6buia nepeBejieHa b CnaccK h Bna-

ahboctok. lion. KOManaofi reHepan-JieHTeHaHTa BepacBHijKoro ocrajincb 2-vi h
3-h Kopnyca. Bo 2 CTpenKOBbiii KOpnyc (reH.-M-p Cmojihh, HatmxrbHHK uiTa6a
nonKOBHHK EoapoB) BxoflHJiH Cn6jnpcKaa crpenKOBaa 6pHra,na (n-K
A.r.ApryHOB) b cocraBe 4 Omckoto noraa (n-K Moxob)* HpKyrCKoro nojiKa ,

(n-K 3onoTapes) 3 £o6pOBOJibHecKHH nojiK (n-K YpHsiw), ,TJo6poBonb4ecKaa

SaTapea (n/n-K raflKOBHq); 2 Cn6HpcKaa crpejiKOBas 6pHra#a (reH.-M-p OcHnoB)
b cocraBe 1 #o6poBOJibHecKoro noma (B03BpameH m
TpoAeKOBCKofi rpynnbi),
KpacHoy^HMCKoro AHBH3H0Ha (B03BpameH H3 TpojieKOBCKOH rpynnw), Cboaho-
KOHHoro nojiKa (reH.-M-p XpymeB), 2 OroejibHoro CnSnpcKoro apTHJinepHHCKO-
ro AHBH3H0Ha (n-K AnMa30B); 3 OxiiejibHaa iuiacryHCKaa Spnraaa b cocrraBe 1
ruiacryHCKoro nojiKa (n-K KpHTepos), 2 njiacryHCKoro noma (n-K Cana3KHH),
OTflenbHoro KaMCKoro ,aHBH3HOHa (B03BpameH va TpofleKOBCKOH rpynnbi). B
nocjieflyromeM 2 CrpejiKOBaa 6pnrana OcnnoBa 6y.neT CBe.neHa b Cbojiho-
flo6pOBOJibHecKHH nojiK (n-K HepKec).
B 3 CrpejiKOBbifi KOpnyc (ren.-M-p B.M.MojinaHOB, HanaflbHHK uiTa6a n-K
JI.JI.JloBueBHH) BxoflHJiH IlOBOJUKCKaa 6pnra,aa (ren.-M-p H.n.CaxapOB) b co-
craBe BojKKCKoro crpejiKOBoro nonKa (n-K EejiaHyniKHH), 4 yd|)HMCKoro crpen-
1

KOBoro nojiKa (n-K CnflaM0HHH3e), 8 KaMCKoro crpejiKOBoro nomca (n-K Cothh-

kob), 1 YipHMCKoro KaBanepHHCKoro noma (n/n-K Eepe3HH), Bojihcckoh 6aTapen
(n-K Hjihhcb); HxceBCKO-BoTKHHCKaa 6pnraaa (n-K E<})hmob) b cocraBe Botkhh-
cKoro crpejiKOBoro nojiKa ( n-K 4>oh Bax), HaceBCKoro nojiKa (n-K 3yeB), Bot-
KHHCKoro KOHHoro flHBH3H0Ha (n/n-K ,D(po6hhhh), Botkhhckoh kohhoh 6aTapeH
(nopyHHK }Khjihh).
KpoMe 3thx KopnycHtix {popMiipoBaHHH 6mjih c$opMHpoBaHbi OTAejitHbie
iacTH: 1 Cn6npCKHH um. reHepajia Ilene^aeBa CTpejiKOBWH nojiK (ren.-ji-T Bhui-

HescKHH), AMypcKHH cxpejiKOBHii OTpaa (reH.-Ji-x Hhkhthh), OxneJibHaa acejie3-

noaopoacHaa 6pHra.ua (n-K PocroBueB), b KOTopyio bxozpui ahbtohoh 6poHeno-
e3jiOB (k-h KopMbiuiHH), BHanane He HMeBimift hh eflHHoro 6poHenoe3Aa, ho b
nponecce pa3BHTHa apMHH nojiyniBiuHH Tpn 6oeBbie enHUHuw.
HMejiHCb yneSHbie BoeHHbie yqpexaeHHa: Omckhh h Xa6apoBCKHft KaaeT-
cKHe Kopnyca, CnaccKaa aBHaunoHHaa niKOJia, OpeH6yprcKaa uiKOJia noaxo-
pyHJKHX.
Ilocjie MaficKoro nepeBopoTa 1921 ro,n,a, Koraa Sbuio CBeprHyTO npo-
6ojibmeBHCTCKoe npaBnrejibCTBO AHTOHOBa h k BJiacra npninjin CTaBJieHHHKH
6ypacya3HH bo rnaBe c C.j^.MepKynoBbiM, b pyKax 6enoro KOMaHflOBaHna OKa3a-
xiacb noHTH Bca Cn6npcKaa 4>noTHJiHa (aOMHpan CTapK), 3a HCKJiioHeHHeM 5

*
KoMamnpoM 4 Omckoto no^Ka 6mji n-K MenbHHKOB, ho H3-3a ero 6ojiesHH (paKTH^ecKM
no^KOM KOMaKHOBaji 8 Xa6apoBCKOM noxcwe 1921-1922 rr. iiojtkobhhk Moxob.
152
goeBMX eflHHim, yBeaeHHbix KpacHbiMH b 6yxTy CB.OjibrH, ho b Hox6pe ohh
BHOBb 6buiH 3axBaneHu 6eJitiMH.
31 Mas 1921 roaa KoMaHayiomHM B03po>KAaiomeHca h bhobb Boopy>Kae-
MOH apMHH OpHEMypCKHM BpeMeHHbiM npaBHTejibCTBOM 6bin Ha3HaneH reHepan-
jieHTeHaHT r.A.BepacGHUKHH, a HanajibHHKOM urraSa reHepaji-Maitop
cp.A.nyHKOB. 3to Bbi3Bano pe3Koe oGocrpeHHe Meacay HOBoaBJieHHbiM npaBH-
tenbCTBOM h aTaMaHOM r.M.CeMeHOBbiM, npeTeHaoBaBUJHM Ha BepxoBHoe npaB-
jieHHe h KOManflOBaHHe BoopyaceHHbiMH cmiaMH. Pe3Koe o6ocTpeHHe othoihchhh
b Bepxax OTpa3HJiocb h Ha apMHH, rae eme 6ojibine o6o3HaHHjica pacKoa Meacay
ceMeHOBuaMH n Kann.eneBU.aMH, BbuiHBinHfica b BoopyaceHHbie ctmhkh. Ho b 3tot
pa3 CeMeHOBy He cmotjm noMOHb ero aaBHHe xo3aeBa - anonubi, HacrojibKO oh
cKOMnpoMeropoBaJT cBoe hms b nra3ax Hapoaa h mhpoboh o6mecTBeHHOCTH.
H-roSbi KaK-TO bhhth Ha nepBoe Mecro, CeMeHOB b HKMie aaace own
npHKa3 o
HacrynjieHHH Ha ^aJibHe-BocTOHHyro Pecny6jiHKy, kotophh Tax h He 6mji npn-
BejaeH b aeiicTBHe no paay 3kohomhhcckhx h nojiHTHiecKHx npHHHH. B pe3ynb-
Taxe 13 ceHT5i6pfl CewieHOB noKHHyji ITpHMopbe, h KanneneBCKoe KOMaHflOBaHHe
npHCTynHJio k nepecj)opMHpoBaHHio nacTefi TpoaeKOBCKOH rpynnbi. BbuiH ape-
croBaHbi HecKOJibKo KoinaHflnpOB nacTefl h HeKOTOpwe H3 hhx OTaaHM noa cya, b
TOM HHCJie nOJIKOBHHK DiyaKHH, KOMaHAHp 1 CTpeJIKOBOH 6pHraabI, 0TKa3aB-
uiHHca noaHHHaTbca BepacSHUKOMy h BwcrynHTb b noxoa npoTHB npHMOpCKHx
napTH3aH.
H3 FpoaeKOBCKOH rpynnw b OKTa6pe-Hoa6pe 1921 roaa 6mji
nacTefi
c(J)opMHpoBaH CBOflHO-Ka3aHHH Kopnyc (reH.-M-p B.A.BopoflHH) b kotopmh
1

bohijih: 3a6aiiKajibCKaa Ka3anba AHBH3Ha (reH.-M-p <T>eaoceeB) b cocTaBe 1 3a-

6aHKaJibCKoro Ka3anbero noJixa (n-K Copokhh), 2 3a6aHKajibCKoro Ka3anbero
HOJiKa ( n-K BayjiHH), ATaMaHa CeMeHOBa KaBajiepHiicKoro nojiKa (n-K Emhkob);
OpeH6yprcKaa Ka3ani,a 6pnraaa (reH.-M-p HayMOB) b cocraBe OpeHSyprCKOro
Ka3anbero nojiKa (n-K 3yeB), Open6yprcKOH Ka3aHbe« apTmuiepHHCKoii cothh
(n-K Bopohhh, b nocneayiomeM ecayji FIjiothhkob), OpeH6yprcKoro njiacTyH-
ci<oroAHBH3HOHa (n-K Thtob); CBoaHo-Ka3aiba 6pnraaa (reH.-M-p Ejioxhh) b
cocTaBe EHHceKcKoro Ka3aibero nojiKa (reH.-M-p IToTaHHH), CnGHpcKoro Ka-
3anbero nojiKa (n-K Ea6nKOB).
Koraa k Hoa6pio 1921 roaa nojiHTHiecKaa o6cTaHOBKa h o6maa cHTyaun«
npeflonpeaejiHJiH yxoa anoHueB H3 IlpHMOpba, HHTepBeHTW, a 6oJiee npaBHJibHO
OKKynaHTbi, npeanpHHajiw onepeaHOH aBaHTiopHCTHnecKHH mar, ohh BOOpyacH-
jih eejiorBapaefineB h 6pocKJiH hx npoTHB AaJitHe-BocTOHHofi Pecny6jiHKH, 3a-

BeaoMO o6peKaa Ha nopa>KeHHe, ho b Haaeacae npoaJiHTb CBoe npe6biBaHHe b

Pocchh, ito hm yaanocb npaKTHnecKH Ha uejiHH roa.
C T0HKH 3peHH3 COUHOJIOTHHeCKOH BeCbMa HHTepeCeH HaUHOHailbHblH H
couHajibHbiH cocraB /JajibHe-BocroHHOH ApMHH, BO3p05fcaeHHOH BpeMeHHbiM
npnaMypcKHM npaBHTejibCTBOM C./J.MepKyjiOBa. Bbicrrynaa b noxoa npoTHB
napTH3aH h perynapHOii HapoaHO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH ABP, 6ejiorBapaeH-
CKHe BOHCKa B3anH ce6e Ha3BaHHe "6ejionoBCTaHubi", rro6bi b KaKOH-TO Mepe
,

3aMacKKpoBaTB hcthhhmc npHHHHw hoboto 3Tana TpaacaaHCKOH bohhh.

153
 Gneflyer OTMeraxb, hto b 6enbix bohckeix He 6hjio hu eduuozo uapcKoro
reHepajia. Becb reHepaiibCKHH cocraB nojiynmi cboh noroHbi 3a roflbi 6paT0-
y6HHCTBeHHOH BOHHbl.
TeHepaji-MaHOp (b nepHOfl cny»c6bi y CeMeHOBa - reHepaji-neiiTeHaHT)
B.M.MojinaHOB b 1917 rosy 6mji noanojiKOBHHKOM, reKepaJi-JieirreHaHT
O.JI.fjie6oB b nepByro MHpoByio BOHHy 6bw BaxMHCTpoM, iiojikobhhk CHaaMO-
HHj3e H3 4)eJibfl$e6ejieH, noanojiKOBHHK 3ynTaH, KOMaHAOBaBuiHH b Xa6apoB-
ckom noxofle 1-m ErepcKHM hojikom, b 1917 rojry 6mji npanopmHKOM. 3th nepe-
HHCJieHHH mojkho npoflOJiacHTb npaKTiwecKH no Bcewiy KornaHflHOMy cocraBy
/JanbHe-BocTOHHOft ApMHH. B HaiiKOHanbHOM cocraBe 6oJibinnHCTBO paaoBoro
cocTaBa 6bmo H3 Taxap, SauiKHpoB h pyccKHX. B 4-m Yc[)hmckom nonKy aaxce
6biJi nojiKOBofi Mynjia. KoHTHHreHT BoeHHocnyxcamHX $aKTHHecKH 6bm ao6po-

BOJibnecKHM, Tax KaK Ka*flbia, Ha ocHOBaHHH npHKa3a YnpaBUHiomero BoeHHbiM

h MOpcKHM BeaoMCTBaMH, KoManayiomero BOHCKaMH r.A.Bep»(6HHKoro b ne-
pnog, pec[)opMHpoBaHH}i apMHH 6wji o6«3aH noanHcarb KOHTpaKT Ha 6 MecaueB, a
nocne 3Toro peiuHTb - ocxaTbca cnyxcHTb hjih yfrni H3 pzaon apMHH. IIocKOJibKy
hohth cto npoueHTOB cocTaBa apMHH 6buiH npHiuejibuaMH Ha TeppHTOpHto
IlpHMopbfl, to ohh npeflnoHJiH ocraTbca b panax apMHH, a no^TH HeTbipexjieTH«a
BOHHa hx cflejiana npotfceccHOHanaMH. TaKHM o6pa30M, KaneCTBO 6oeBoii noaro-
TOBKH JIHHHOTO cocTaBa apMHH 6hjio onenh bwcokhm.
B noxofl npoTHB .IJaJibHe-BocTOHHOH PecnySjiHKH 6enonoBCTaHu.bi BbiCTy-
nHJiH He nofl MOHapxHHecKHMK no3yHraMH h 3HaMeHaMH, a nox Ji03yHraMH fle-
MOKparaqecKOH KOHTppeBoniouHH, npeflonpeae^HBiuHMH pa33KHraHHe TpaxyiaH-
ckoh bohhh eme b 1918 roay* KoMannyiomHH 3-m KopnycoM reHepaji MoJina-
.

hob, KOTOpoMy npHiiiJiocb b Xa6apoBCKOM noxoae KOMaHflOBaTb noneBbiMH boh-

cKaMH Ha (jipoHTe, 6mji 3cepoM, Kaic h MHorae ero otjumepw. B npaBHTejibCTBe
MepKyJiOBa ero CHHTaiiH nojry6ojibiueBHKOM.
BecbMa xapaKTepHO, hto b 6ejionoBCTaHHecKne BOHcica aajibHeBOCTOHHHKH
He nouuiM. He noiujm hh KpecrbfiHe, hh pa6oHHe, hh KasaKH, TaK KaK hm 6hjih
- snoHueB. FloTep-
qyacflbi Hflew HOBOHBJieHHbix "SejionoBCTaHneB" h hx xo3«eB
neB nopaaceHHe b XaSapOBCKOM noxo£e, 6e.norBapfleHU.bi BHOBb OTKaTHJiHCb 3a
npHKpblTHe HHOHCKHX IHTblKOB, KOTOpMX B TOT nepHOfl HaCHHTMBajIOCb B IlpH-
MOpbe OKOJIO 17 TbICHH, HTO 3HaHHTejIbHO HpeBOCXOflHJIO KOJIHHeCTBO BOHCK Ha-
pOAHO-peBOJHOUHOHHOH apMHH Ha (JjpOHTe.
nocne H36paHHs b HioHe 1922 roaa 3cmckhm co6opoM IIpHMopbfl
"eflHHOJiHHHoro npaBHTena h BoeBOflbi 3cmckoh PaTH" reHepaji-JiefrreHaHTa Mh-
xanjia KoHcraHTHHOBHna flnxepHxca tot npeo6pa30Baji /JanbHe-BocTOHHyio
ApMHK> b 3eMCKyK> PaTb, a hojikh b OTpaflM, SaTajibOHM - b flpywHHbi. CineHa
BWBecKH He H3MeHHJia cyTH apMHH**. ITofl yaapaMH HapoaHo-peBomouHOHHOH

"
KoMaanHp 1 y^HMcicoro KaBno^Ka n-K 3ejieHuoB 6bvi chat c jiojijkhocth 3a Monapxune-
CKHe BbICKa3bIBaHKH Ha OJIHOM H3 SaKKeTOB M 3aMeHeH nOflnOJIKOBHHKOM 5epe3HHblM.
" M.K.iInTepHxc o&bHBHJl o 6opb6e 3a BoccraHOBJieHiie caMoaepxaBHa h B03BpaTe Ha npe-
CTO^ PoMaHOBMX.
154
T

apMMH (b tot nepHOfl OHa b 3HaHHTejibHofi Mepe y*e cocTcwuia va peryjiapHbix

qacreH KpacHOH ApMHH) b oKT»6pe - Haiajie Hoa6pa 6enorBapneHCKHe BoficKa
Sbum bh6htw 3a npeaejibi Pocchh.
3eMCKa« PaTb cocToajia H3 neTbipex rpynn (paTeft).
noBOJtwcKaa (rpynna) paTb (r.-M-p B.M.Mojih3hob, HUI - n-K CaBiyK;
2030 805 ca6., 8 opyUHfi), b Hee bxoahjih: IlpHKaMCKHH noJiK (n-K
uit.,

AT.E(|)hmob), ITpHBOJDKCKHii nojiK (reH.-M-p H.n.CaxapoB), Mockobckhh KOH-

hwh nonK (reH.-M-p XpymeB).
Cn6npCKaH paTb (reH.-M-p M.C.Cmojihh, HUI - n-K BojxpoB; 1450 uit. h
ca6., 7 opyflHii), b Hee BxoamiH: 3anaAHo-CH6npcKHH
nom (n-K AT. ApryHOB),
Boctohho-Ch6hpckhh hojik (reH.-M-p Bhuihcbckkh; c rpynnoit oh ne- cowt
peiweT k reHepany nenenaeBy), OorpaHHHHbiH nojiK, CkShpckhh apTHJuiepHH-
ckkh anBH3HOH (n-K CMOJibaHOB), Cu6HpcKaa HHJKeHepHas apyxcHHa.
Cn6wpcKaa Ka3a*iba paTb (reH.-M-p B.A.BopoaHH, HUI - n-K Kohohob;
588 uit., 545 ca6., 4 opyAHa), b Hee bxo/wjih: OpeH6yprCKaa 6pHraaa (reH.-M-p
H.M.HayMOB), Cboahmh Ka3aHKH nojiK (reH.-M-p Bjioxhh), Boctohho-
Ch6hPCKHH AHBH3HOH (n-K POMaHOBCKHH), YpanbCKaa Ka3aHb3 COTHa.
AajibHeBOCTOMHaa paTb (reH.-Ji-HT O.JI.rjie6oB, Hill - n-K Ay6HHHH; oko-
jio 1800 uit. h ca6., 3 opyflHa), b Hee bxojjhjih: 3a6aHKanbCKaa Ka3a<iba aHBH3Ha
(okojio 200 iut., 1100 ca6., 3 opyaHfl), AMypcKaa Ka3anba apyscuHa (200 uit.),
HpKyTCKaa Ka3anba apyacHHa, njiaCTyHCKaa apyacnHa (n-K EyHBHji).
KpoMe Toro, cymecTBOBajm He BxoAamHe b paTH (rpynnw) Ypaiio-
ErepcKHH nojiK (u-k floMoacwpoB, 400 uit.), )Kejie3Ho/iopo5KHaa 6pnraaa (n-K
PocTOBueB, okojio 1380 Hen., 4 GpoHenoesfla), naprasaHCKHH otp*a (reH.-Ji-HT
CaBenbeB), CH6npcKaa jjo6poBOJibHaa jrpyKHHa (reH.-Ji-HT nenejiaeB).
Ilo onepaTHBHbiM aanHMM KpacHwx, 3eMCKaa PaTb k MOMeHTy
Haqana
6oeBbix fleHCTBHfi b 0KTa6pe 1922 roaa HMena 6325 uithkob, 1622 ca6;iH, 77 ny-
jieMeTOB k 21 opyflwe* . Cio^a He BmnoieHbi CwSHpcKaa $JioTHjma h TbuioBbie
Macro. HanaiibHHK uiTaSa 3cmckoh Para reHepan neTpoB b cBoefl KHnre yuiea-
uihx b KHTaS 6e>KeHueB b cocTaBe TaK Ha3bmaeMOH "XyHMyHCKoK rpynnw 6e-

>KeHueB" onpeaenaeT b KOJiHHecTBe 7535 My>KHHH, 653 jkchiuhh h 461

peSeHKa.

Ha 30 KOpa6jiax, yBeaeHHbix H3 BnaflHBocTOKa aflMHpajioM CTapKOM, b

3MHrpauHio yuiJio okojio 4700 nenoBeK. H3 hhx okojio 1800 rpaacaaHCKHX 6e-
nepcOHaJi rocnn-
>KeHueB, 700 nejioseK H3 KaaeTCKHX KopnycoB, 250 paHeHbix h
Tajia.
npHBcueHHbie wfypbi no3BOJiaioT cyan™, Kai< TaajiH paflM 6ejiorBapaeii-
neB, ecjiH BcnoMHHTb, hto apMHH KojiiaKa 6buia okojio 400000 uithkob h ca-
6enb.
HacToamaa CTaTba aBjiaeTca npaKranecKH nepBOH nonbrncofi 3a bcio hc-

TopHio HCcneaoBaHHa Pocchhckoh Tpa^aHCKow bohhm Ha AajibHeM BocTOKe

JiaTb bflocraTOHHOM o6i,eMe cBeaeHHa o flajibHe-BocroHHOH ApMHH, He aKueH-
rapya BHHMaHHa Ha HfleojioranecKHx pa3HornacHax 6enbix h KpacHbix.

*
Eojiee noapo6HO nepetpopMHpoBaHHfl aaHbi Ha npmiaraeMbix cxeMax.
155
 TLocjieduuu 6eAbtii leuepaA

y Hctophh, Ka.K h b HeJiOBenecKOH >KH3HH, 6er speMeHH HeyMOJiHM, ero He

OCTaHOBHTfe, HC 06paTHTb BCHSTb, JIHHIb IttMHTb MOJKCT B03BpaiUaTb B AHH AaB-
HHe Tex, kto 6tin ynacTHHKOM co6biTHH, aa apxHBHbie AOKyMeHTbi h MeMyapbi
Moiyr noBe^aTb o cypOBbix jxhxx aaBHefi 6paToy6HHCTBeHHofi bohhm, sxo koto-
pOH 3ByHHT flO CHX nop.
12 4>eBpajia - naMaraaa aaTa ana AajibHeBocToiHHKOB, b 3tom rony hchoji-
Haerca 75 JieT co BpeMeHH BonoiaeBCKOH 6htbm Meacay pyccKHMH nojiKaMH, ok-
pameHHbiMH nojiHTHKaMH b KpacHbiH h 6ejibift uiieTa. KaK roBopaT b Ahdihh, 3a
3to Bpeina MHoro Boati yreKJio noa MOCTaMH.
HbiHe Haa KpeMJieM b MocKBe, a b Xa6apoBCKe Haa 3aaHHeM 6wBinero
KpaflKOMa KnCC pa3BeBaexca <j>nar, noa KOTOpbiM 6ejiorBapaeftcKHe nacrH re-
Hepan-MaHOpa B.M.MoimaHOBa o6opohsjih BojionaeBKy ot HacrynaiomHX
KpacHbix MacTefl HapoaHO-peBOJiK>UHOHHOH apMHH 6biBiuero nopyHHKa
C.M.CepbimeBa, k KOTopoMy nepea HananoM onepain™ npH6bui caM DiaBHOKO-
MaHayiomHK HPA h <I>jiotom, BoeHHbift mhhhctp flBP B.K.Bjiioxep. ripHiuea-
ume k BJiacTH noa sthm 4>JiaroM jiioah npeanonHTaioT yManHHBaTb (a SojibuiHH-
ctbo h Boo6me He 3HaeT) o repajibaHHecKofl cymHOCTH Tpex hbctob cjwiara, HHTa-
TenH we ra3er cjieno BepaT acypHanncTaM, hto 3to "Pocchhckhh 4>jiar", xoTa oh
no cyTH TaKOBWM ne aBJiaeTca yxce noTOMy, hto Ha HeM oTcyxcTByeT aByrnaBMH
open, OJiHueTBOpaBuiHH rocyaapcTBeHHOCTb.
O "KpacHbix BOJio^aeBuax" b Hauiefi jiHTeparype HanncaHO MHoro, ho, KaK
b hk)6om 6ok>, 6buiH h "Gejibie BOJionaeBUbi". /],OBoaHJiocb h MHe nwcaTb o Tex
co6biTHax h cyab6ax ynacTHHKOB 6oeB. HepeaKO 3aaaioT Bonpocbi: 3HaK> jih hto
o "Sejibix BOJionaeBuax", kto ohh? Pa3yMeeTca, 3Haio.
B HCTopHHecKOH jiHTepaType h b nepHOflHKe mohcho npoHHTaTb, hto no-
cneaHHe uapcKHe reHepajibi nbiTariHCb Ha /JajibHeM BocTOKe aaTb peniHTejibHbiii
6ofl c nocneayiomHM noxoaoM Ha MocKBy. HeT, He coBceM TaK 6bmo bo BpeMH
BoJionaeBCKOH 6htbm. CpeflH 6ejibix, ynacTBOBaBLUHX b BOJionaeBCKHX co6biTHax
He 6mjio hh oaHoro uapcKoro reHepana, aa h o noxoae wa MocKBy ohh He Men-
TajiH. IloTepneB nopaweHHe b Ch6hph h 3a6aHKajibe, 6e;ibie SoHHbi nyBCTBOBa-
jihcBOfo o6peneHHocTb. 3Han 06 stoh o6peHeHHOcra h hx KOMaHayiomHH - reHe-
paji-Mafiop Bhktop Mhxehjiobhh MojinanoB, b ra3eTe "PycCKaa ApMHa" o6pa-
THBiuHMca co cTpacTHHM npH3HB0M 14 aHBapa 1922 roaa k oc|>HuepaM h conaa-
TaM: "... H TOT, B KOM rOpHT JlK)60Bb K PoaHHC KTO He MOXCeT XCHTb 6e3 MblCJIH o
cymecTBOBaHHH Eahhoh BenHKOH Pocchh, - tot npnaer b paaw apMHH, npnaex k
HaM. Mbi HHKaKOH Harpaabi 3a cjiyaceHHe PoaHHe He npeanaraeM h caMH He
ayieM. Hauia Harpaaa - aepesanHbifi KpecT. Mbi CMepTHHKH..." FIocjieaHHe asa
npeanoxceHHa 6biJiH BbiaeneHbi hchphmm uipH^TOM.
EbiBuiHe o(J)Huepbi h conaaTbi, a Tein 6ojiee rpaxcaaHCKHe Jinua, b apumio
6ypwya3Horo BpeMeHHoro IlpHaMypcKoro npaBHTenbCTBa, HaxoaHBiueroca bo
BjiaAHBOCTOKe, He cnemnjiH.

156
 B 3TOH cbh3h BecbMa npHMenaxejibHa necHa, KOTopyio pacneBajra 6eno-
rBapaeHUM, BbicxynHBUiHe b noxon npoxHB HapoflHO-peBOJirouHOHHOH apMHH
#BP, neJiH Ha mothb "Flapa raeflbix":
rde 8b i menepb?
KaKou Hoebiu npaeumenb
Bac co6epem nod 3H0Mena ceou
M chioea m 6umey,
B podHyio oBumejib,
Oh noeedem eac Kynambcn e Kpoeu...

Ilpopa6oTaB HecacojibKO nex b pa3Hbix apxHBax, a MHoroe 3Haio Hbme He

xaK, KaK npeayie. H ouemiBaio rpaacaaHCKyio Botey He tojii>ko
KaK couKanbHoe
3jio b paMKax KOHKpeTHoro rocyaapcTBa, ho h KaK npecxynrieHKe, k KOTopoMy
npHnacTHw, huh 6onee xohho CKa3axb, HHHUHaxopH ero - nonnxHKH: HauiH, poc-

CHHCKHe, h noJiHTHKH Hy>Ke3eMHwe. CefiHac nbixaioxca b Hanane rpajK/iaHCKOM

BOHHbl 06BHHHTb 6oJIbIHeBHKOB, HO npH 3TOM 3a6bIBaK)X ( a MOHCeX yMblUIJieHHO

cKpbiBaioT huh HHKoraa He HHTjuiH BOcnoMHHaHHH A.O.KepeHCKoro), HTO Ha
BTopoK fleHb nocne tPeBpaubCKOfi peBOJHOUHH 6bUia npoH3HeceHa $pa3a
'Tpa>KflaHCKa» BoflHa Hananact" b cba3h c y6HficxBOM jisyx o<J)HHepOB Henoaa-
jieKy ot aoMa, rae o6ocHOBajiHCb npHineauiHe k BJiacrn npeacxaBHxejiH 6ypacya-
3hh. BepoaxHee Bcero, MHorae HHKorjia He wrann h TaKHX
cjiob KepeHCKoro:

"Bwcxynaa Ha 3aceaaHHH HexBepxoft flyMbi c penbio, b KoxopoS pe3KO kphxhko-

sKOHOMHiecKHe nocneacxBHa cxojimiihhckoh pe(J>opMbi, a
b&ji nonHXHiecKHe v.

npoHHXHpoBan cnoBa xopotuo H3BecxHoro HeMeuKoro 3Kcnepxa no arpapHOMy

Bonpocy npo(J)eccopa Ay4>xareHa. Tlocjie noceojeHHa 6ojibuioro iHcna pyccKHx
aepeBeHb oh nHcaji: "Cboch 3eMe;ibHOH pe<j)opMOH CxonbinHH pa3»cer b aepeBHe
nnaMH rpaiKflaHCKOH bohhm".
C 1912 roaa A.O.KepeHCKHfi 6wn hjichom MacoHCKoft jio^h h b cbohx
BocnoMHHaHnax yKa3biBaji, hxo npaKxanecKH c xoro BpeMeHH Bee uapcKHe mhhh-
cxpbi Ha3HanajiHCb Ha nocxM He uapeM, a MacoHaMH. CxoJibinHH 6mji
nocxaBneH
caMHM HMnepaxopoM, ho BCKope 6biJi y6nr. KoMy 3X0 HyacHo? Box eme cnoBa

KepeHCKoro: "Ha eaceroflHbix cbe3flax fleiieraxM jio>k* oScyayiajiH npoaejiaHHyio

pa6oxy h npoBOflHJiH Bbi6opbi b Bhcuihh coBex... nopoft Ha cbe3flax BH yxpH
napxHHHbix (J>paKUHH BcnbixHBajra ocxpue cxoJiKHOBeHKa no xaKHM )KH3HeHHO
BajKHbiM npo6neMaM, KaK HauHOHajibHbiH Bonpoc, <J>opMHpoBaHHe npaBHxejibcx-
Ba, arpapHaa pe^opMa" Ho mw HHKor^a He aonycKajiH, hto6h 3xh pa3H0raa-
.

cwa HaHOCHJiH ymep6 Hauiefi cojinaapHOCXH... B fleifcxBHxejibHOCXH »e nonoace-

HHe b Pocchh H HacymHbie Hy>Kflbi HauieH cxpaHbi o6cy»maJiHCb Ha cbe3aax ina-

cohob nioflbMH, Koxopbie BOBce He nbixaJiHCb Hasa3axb apyr ztpyry cboh eiojihxh-
necKHe nporpaMMbi, a pyKOBoacxBOBajiHCb jmuib CBoeiEi coBecxbio h cxpeMneHHeM

MaCOHCKHX JIOJK.
"

" nap-run 6bijw Ma-

3th cnoBa A.<l>.KepeHCKoro cBHaeTe^bcTByioT, mto peBcuiiouMOHHwe
COHCKHMH 06pa3OBaHHSMH.
HaiiTH HaHJiyiuiHe peuieHHa. Mm ouryioajiH nynbc HauHOHajibHOH 5KH3HH h Bce-
raa cTpeMHHHCfa boeijiothtij b Kauieii pa6oTe naaHHa Hapoaa" .

3th BocnoMHHaHMa KepeHCKoro npHBCueHbi mhok> jiHuib noTOMy, hto Hac

bhobl HHocTpaHHbie npo<i>eccopa ynaT, KaK xchtb, KaK Becni xo3«hctbo, a oho ot
TaKofl yneSbi Bee 6ojiee pa3BajiHBaeTca, h b to xce BpeMa MHorne dkohomhctbi
HbiHe oueHHBaioT BecbMa nojioKHT&nbHo pe(J)opMbi MHHHCTpa BHyrpeHHHx aen
Pocchh n.A.CTOJibinHHa. H yace BHOBb roBopaT o bo3mo»choh rpaamaHCKOH
boh He b Hameii crpaHe. GiOBo6nyflHe fiojihthkob pa33KHraer MejKHauHOHajibHyio
h couHanbHyio po3Hb, a xeni BpeMeHeM HHOCTpaHHbiH KanHTaji see rjiy6»e BHe-
apaeTCH b 3K0HOMHKy CTpaHbi, peanbHO npeBpamaa HacejieHHe b pa6oB, KOTopue
O/IHaXCflbl BHOBb B3MeTHyTCH B 6yHTe.
9l cKa3an, hto He "uapcKHe reHeparibi" BejiH b nocne^HHH 6o& 6enwx coji-

aaT. Bo rjiaBe Senbix bohck BOJieio cyjib6bi OKa3ajiHCb moan, npoiueAiuKe

crpauiHbiMH aoporaMH nepBofi MHpoBoii bohhm h rpa>KaaHCKOH, BCTynHB b hhx
eme flOBOJIbHO MOJ10AWMH JIMflbMH.
Hto BcnoMHHJiocb 6biBuueMy nopyHHKy canepHoro 6aTanbOHa BHKTopy
MojmaHOBy, Koryia oh, yace b hhhc FeHepaji-JieirreHaHTa (sto He oroBopica h He
onenaTKa, 3BaHHe reHepaji-jieiiTeHaHTa MonnaHOB nonyHHfl ot axaMaHa CeMe-
HOBa h b nocjie^yiomeM caM 0TKa3anca ot Hero), npHSbin bo niaBe 3-ro Kopnyca
b Pa3flonbHoe b ripHMOpbe, rae cnyxcHJi nepefl nepBoii mhpoboh bohhoh?
Cpa3y cneayeT CKa3aTb, hto b flajibHe-BocroHHofi ApMHH (6ejioK) Bpe-
MeHHoro npnaMypcKoro npaBHTenbCTBa 6paTbeB MepicyjioBbix b 1921 rosy non-
th He 6wno aanbHeBocTOHHHKOB. B Heft 6wjih eHHceiiCKHe, opeH6yprcKHe, ch-
6npCKHe h 3a6aHKanbCKHe Ka3aKH, paGonne naceBCKoro h botkhhckofo 3aBOflOB,
KpecTbflHe noBOOTbfl, ypanbubi, omhhh, 6apHayjibuw. Uo HauHOHSuibHOMy co-
craBy b ochobhom 6mhh pyccKHe, TaTapw h 6auiKHpw. B 4-m YcJmmckom nojiKy y
nojiKOBHHKa CHflaMOHHAse aaace 6bui nojiKOBofl Myjuia.
HaceneHHe /JajibHero BocTOKa no uejiOMy paay npHHHH oTHocHnocb Bpa-
»;fle6H0 k 6ejibiM BoficKaM, KOTopbie nocjie JiHKBHjiauHH "Hhthhckoh npo6KH" b
Hoa6pe 1920 ro.ua no KHTaficKO-BocTOHHOH ace;ie3HOH flopore yarpeMHJiHCb b
ripHMopbe.
Bcero flajibHeBocTOHHHKOB b pajiax 6enbix Sbijio okojjo 350 qenoBeK. 3to
HiwaHCKaa cotha YccypHHCKoro Ka3anbero BoKcica nofl KOMaHflOBaHHeM bohcko-
Boro CTapuiHHbi LUnpaeBa (ypoaceHeu nocejiKa CaJibCKoro), cocToaBuiaa H3
6bIBtUHX KajIMMKOBUeB, H OTfleJIbHblH YccypHHCKHH CTpeHKOBblH AHBH3HOH nofl
KOMaHflOH nOJIKOBHHKa EeJIblX.
B xoae HacTyrmeHHa 6enbix Ha ropoa Xa6apoBCK k hum npHcoeflHHHJiHCb
JIHUIb eflHHHUbl.
Hto npeaonpeflejiHjio cocraB ^anbHe-BocTOHHofi ApMHH?

'
Sthhhcckkm eBpefi A.cD.KepeHCKMH He roBopuT, KaKoro Hapoaa qaaHHJi cipeMi^Hcb
BonjioTHTb MacoHbi b hx paipyuiKTejibHOfi pa60Te. Oh He cKpbiBaeT, hto paMHMHe nporpaMM
napraii nun iwacoHOB nvimb npHKpbiTHe.
158
 nepBoe - counaJibHafl He3aiimmeHHOCXb o<J)Hu,epcKoro KOpnyca nocjie
OeBpanbCKOH h OKTa6pbCK0fl peBOJiiouHH (axox npouecc HMeeT Mecro h Hbme).
JlH^epw 6yp>Kya3Hbix peBonioUHOHepoB crapaTejibHO pa3BajiHBanH Pyccxyio
ApMHio, 6biBiuyio oruiOTOM HMnepHH. B nocjieayiomeM OHa 6bma B03po»fleHa,
ho yace pacKonoxaa Ha ABe HenpHMHpHMbie nacxw, cTpeMHiUHeca yHHiTOHCHTb
BOopysceHHoii chjih
flpyr Hpyra, cjiobho b 3tom h 6bm cmmcji cymecTBOBaHHH
poflHoro OxenecxBa.
BTopoe - HeacenaHHe AaJibHeBOCTOHHKKOB noAHHMaTb opyacHe npoTHB
CBOHX 3CMJ1HKOB, npOTHB flaJIbHe-BOCTOHHOH PeCny6jlHKH, B KOXOpOH BHAejIH
3aKOHHyio ocHosy am npeicpameHHH bcakhx Me>KAoyco6Hu h rapaHXHio mhphoK
3CH3HH, a MHHbl flanbHe-BoCTOHHOH ApMHH 6bIJIH HyiKAblMH npHUieJlbUaMH,
BOJIbHO HJIH HeBOJlbHO nOflflep>KHBaiOmHMH IIJiaMH Fpa>KaaHCKOH BOHHbl.
TpeTbe - pe3Koe HenpHaxne ochobhoh Maccofi HacejreHHa, b tom HHcne h
KopefiuaMH h KHTawuaMH, >khbuihmh b npeaejiax pyccicoro AanbHero BocTOKa,
BMeuiaTeJibCTBa anoHueB b hoohb pyccKoro Hapoaa, no CBoeH cyTH k TOMy Bpe-
MeHH npeBpaTHBineroca b npaMyio OKKynauHio npHMopta, Beab He 6hjio ceicpe-
tom, hto HMeHHO anoHUbi BoopysKatox KannejieBueB h ceMenoBueB, HaxoAHBuinx-
ca B IlpHMopbe, h BbiflenaiOT A eHbrH ana 4>HHaHCHp0BaHHa Bcex soeHHbix Mepo-
npHflTHH.
TpaamaHCKOH bohhm noKa3ajiH, hto HHOCTpaHuw npeoieflyiOT cboh
Toflbi
KopbicrHbie ueJiH, a OTCioAa BbiTeicajio, hto h Te, koto ohh noAAepacHBatOT, Aefi-
CTByiOT He H3 jiyiiUHX no6y»meHHH, kojih Ha ocHOBe 3toh noaaepacKH
cxpojrr

CBOK) nOJIHTHKy.
TaKHM o6pa30M, flaJibHe-BocxoHHyio ApMHio KOMruieRxoBaiiH no cyra
AoSpoBOJibuaMH, 3a6pouieHHbiMH Ha fl,anbHHH Boctok H3 Mecx, BecbMa AaneKHX
OT 3T0H 3eMHH.
K TOMy >Ke Aaace SejioraapAeHUbi csmh 3HajiH h roBopmiH, hto AeftcxBHa
araiviaHOB CeMeHOBa h KajiMbncosa npeBpaxHJiH 6e;ioe fleno b nepHoe,
pe3KO ot-
TOUKHyjiH Maccy Hapoaa b CTopoHy 6oJibuieBH3auHH, h, Kan hh napaAOKcajibHO,
ohh OKa3anHCb nyMuiHMH arwTaTopaMM 3a CoBeTcicyio BJiacrb. B xoae rpaacaaH-
ckoh BOHHbl 6ojibiUHHCTBO 3a6aHKa^bCKHX Ka3aKOB ymjiH b KpacHbie napTireaH-
CKHe oTpaflw. Ho hmchho H3 3a6aHKajibCKoro Ka3anbero BoiiCKa BbiABHHyjmcb
BecbMa 3JioBemaa (jinrypa TpHropHa MHxawiOBHHa CeMeHOBa. MHe AOBOAHJiocb
6bmaTb b aajieKOM 3a6afiKaflbCKOM Kapayjie Kypanrca .TJypyAAyeBCKOH cxaHHUH,
Ha poflHHe aTaiwaHa CeiweHOBa. M Toraa noayManocb, hto ahkhc ycjiOBHa b on-
peaejieHHOH Mepe npeaonpeflejiaioT h ahkhc HpaBbi.
Ho nocKOJibKy b aaHHOM onepKe penb Aon>KHa BecxHCb b nepByio onepeab
o reHepan-neHxeHaHxe B.M.MojinaHOBe, to o6paxHMca k ero 6Horpa<|)HH, HMen-
ho OHa b KaKofi-xo Mepe noMoacex noHaxb co6bixHa AaBHHx ^neii.
PoflHJica Bhktop MHxaHHOBHH 5 (j)eBpajia 1 886 ro^a b ropoae HHcronojibe
Ka3aHCKofl ry6epHHH. Okohhhji Ena6y>KCKoe peanbHoe ynmiMme, a 3axeM b Mo-
CKBe AiieKceeBCKoe BoeHHoe yHHJiHUie h 6bW npoH3BeaeH b oc})Huepbi 21 Mapxa
1906 roAa. HanpaBHJiH cnyatHTb bo 2-oft KaBKa3CKHft canepHbift 6aTanbOH, a ne-
pe3 ABa roAa nepeBeaeH Ha flanbHHH Boctok bo 2-vl Boctohho-Ch6hpckhK ca-
nepHWH 6aTaiibOH. C 1908 roAa oh cjijokht b 6-om Ch6hpckom canepHOM 6a-
Taji&OHe.
BoHHa TepMaHHeH, HanaBuiaaca 19 monx 1914 roaa, npHHecna eMy mho-
c
ro HcnMTaHHft. B aojukhocth KOMaHflHpa 3 oTae.rii.Hoft HHJKeHepHoft poTM 3 Ch-
6HpCKOH CTpeJIKOBOH AHBH3HH OH npo6bUI AO CaMOH peBOJIIOHHH. IIpH UIXaXHOH
twcjieHHOCTH poTti b 5 o<j)HiiepoB h 241 canepa b poTe urra6c-KanHTaHa
B.M.MonHaHOBa 3a 6oeBOH nepHOA BbiSbmo 8 o(}>HuepoB h 559 canepOB. IlpaK-
THMeCKH JIHHHblH COCTaB CMeHHJICa ABaHCAbl.
Bo BpeMa HeMeuKofi ra30Bofi axaKH b Hiojie 1915 roaa rpn B3BOfla H3 poth
norn6jin, a HexBepTbiii, 6jiaroAapa HaxoA^HBOcxH MomaHOBa, npHKa3aBinero
AbimaTb nepe3 MOKpbie TpanKH, He TOJibKO ocTanca b jkhbmx, ho h oxpa3HJi aTaKy
HeivmeB, xoxa caM MonnaHOB oxpaBmica ra3aMH bo BpeMSt no«aHH KOMaHA.
BofiHa c TepMaHHeii AJia noAnojiKOBHHKa MojiiaHOBa OKOHHHJiacb Ha
Phhcckom dopoHTe Ha cxaHHHH BojibMap, me oh, noJiyHHB BoceMb ockojiohhmx
paHeHHH ox pa30pBaBuieftca rpaHaxw b o6e Horn, nonaji b raieH. 3ajienHB paHbi,
b anpejie 1918 roaa oh 6eHcan H3 nneHa. ,fl(o6paBuincb no poahmx MecT, nocejinji-
ca y 6paTa, cjiyacHBiuero mhpobhm cy^beft.
Ilocjie MHTejKa nexocjioBauKoro Kopnyca jictom 1918 roaa pe3Ko o6ocxpw-
jiacb oScxaHOBKa bo MHornx MecxHOCTax Ch6hph, Ypajia, rioBOjpKba, flanbHero
BocTOKa.
B Ena6yjKCKOM ye3Ae 6paTba MojinaHOBM opraHH30BbmajiH oxpaA, b ko-
topom Bhktop MHxaftjiOBHH CTan KOMaHflHpoM, a mhpoboh cyAb« - 3aBeay-
K5II4HM XO3aHCTBeHH0H HaCTbK) OTpW-
35 kohhwx no 9000 nejiOBeK. B pyKax noA-
OxpaA Bbipoc co 120 neuinx h
noJiKOBHHKa MojinaHOBa cocpeflOTOMHJiacb Bca BoeHHaa h rpaacAaHCKaa BJiacTb b
ye3fle.
He6naronpHaTHaa o6cxaHOBKa ana. 6eJibix oceHbio 1918 roaa 3acTaBHJia
B.M.MomaHOBa oxcxynaxb Ha boctok, ho ero 6ohum AOBoiibHo ycneuiHO caep-
acHBajiH HacxynjieHne KpacHbix. OxpaA 6biJi npeo6pa30BaH b 32-ft IIpHKaMCKHH
CTpe^KOBbiii nojiK, MoJinaHOBa nporoBejiH b hojikobhhkh.
HjKeBCKaa CTpejiKOBaa 6pHraAa b cocTaBe 6enbix bohck cHHxatiacb HeHa-
AeacHoft H3-3a 6ojibiuoro qncna 3aBOACKHx pa6oHHX. flna opraHH3au.HH h HaBe-
AeHHa nopaAKa b Hee 6wji HanpaBJieH TpHAUaTHAsyxjiexHHH nojiKOBHHK
B.M.MonHaHOB, KOXOpoMy h yAanocb npeBpaxHTb nacTb b KpenKyio 6oeByio
eAHHHuy. HaceBUbi npoaBHJiH ce6a bo BpeMa HacTyruieroia Ha y$y. MojinaHOBy
SbiJio npHCBoeHo 3BaHHe reHepaji-Maftopa.
Ilocjie B38THH ropoAa H*eBCKa 6pHraAa npaKTHnecKH pacnajiacb, pa6o-
qwe BepHyjiHCb Ha 3aBOA- FIoa KOMaHAoft reHepana ocxanocb oneHb inano waceB-
HeB, ho oh 0TKa3ajica ox npeAJioaKeHHa cxaxb Ha^anbHHKOM 4 Y^hmckoh cxpen-
KOBOH AHBH3HH.
OxcxyruieHHe 6ejibix apMHH k Ypany npeAonpeAenHJio B03BpaT MHorax
Qmbuihx hhhob 6pHraAbi b cboh HacxH. BpHraAy pa3BepHyjiH b ahbh3hk>. 3a yc-
neniHbie achcxbha npoxHB KpacHbix AHBH3Ha nojiynnna reopraeBCKoe 3HaMa, a
ee HanajibHHK 6bui HarpaacAeH opAeHOM Cb. Teopraa 4 CTeneHH.
160
 B H3BCCTHOM JleaoBOM noxoae liepe3 Cn6Hpi» anBH3Ha MojinanoBa Bejia
apbeprap^Htie 6on. C ocraTKaMK 3-fl apMHH reHepaji MojinaHOB aornaji 2-k>
apMHK) bo rnaBe c reHepanoM Kann&tieM (KcraTH, tox.s BcrynHBUiMM b Tpaac-
jaHCKyio BOHHy b hhhc noanojiKOBHHKa) b aepeBHe rioanopoxcbe Ha peKe KaH.
npH noaxoae k EaHKany y aepeBHH Xapay3Hoe b 6ok» c kp&chbimh napTH-
3aHaMH reHepaji Sbiji paHeH. K Hnre npopBaaocb Bcero JiHiiib okojio 900 HHceB-
LteB. JJhbh3HH 6bma cBepHyTa b nonK.
3aecb cjieayer CKa3axb HecKOJibKO cjiob, hto b KOHue Tpa>KflaHCKOM bohhm
MexoB HeHaBHjiejiH KaK 6enwe, ran h KpacHbie* HHcnnpHpoBaB cbohmh aeficT-
.

bhhmh uiHpoKOMaciuTa6Hyio rpaacaaHcicyio BOHHy b Ch6hph h Ha /JajibHeM

BocTOKe, CBeprHyB bo mhoi-hx MecTax CoBeTCKyio BJiacTB, TaK ace oiokohho ohh
npeaa™ h BepxoBHoro npaBHTejia Pocckh aaMHpana A.B.KojinaKa, 6pocHB
4>poHT, a b nocneayiomeM coBMecrao c <J>paHuy3CKHM reHepanoM )KaHeHOM caaB
h cainoro aflMHpajia scepaM, Koxopbie He3aMeanmiH nepcnaTb ero 6oJibineBHicaM.
yHTep-o(})Huep b nepByio MHpoByro BOHHy Pyaojibcj) Ttuanb (1892-1948 rr.), M3-
BecTHbiH b HcropHH noa HiweHeM reHepan-JieHTeHaHxa rafiaw Paaojibi, npeaaji
KonnaKa He TOJibKo Ha tJ)poHTe, Koraa KpacHbie HananH HaHocHTb cwjibHwe yaa-
pbi no BOHCKaM 6enwx h HHTepBeHTOB, rae KOMaHflOBan Ch6hpckoh apMHeK c
sHBapa 1918 no Hionb 1919 roaa, ho h b rjiy6oKOM Tbmy, bo BaaaHBOcxoice, bo3-
rJiaBHB npaB03ccepoBCKHe h 6ypsKya3HO-nn6epaJibHbie rpynnbi c npHMKHyBiuH-
MH K HUM pa60HHMH BO BpeMH MHTOKa npOTHB KOJIHaKOBCKOH BJiaCTH.
Hto einy, HyacecxpaHuy, 6buio HywHO b toh TpaacflaHCKOH soiiHe? Hto
HyacHo 6bino anoHuani, <j>paHir/3aM, aMepHKaHuain, aHrnnnaHaM, KaHaanaM a
apyrHM Hyace3eMuaM Ha HecnoKOHHoK pyccKOH 3eMJie? Hx aeHbm h opyacHe o6y-
CJioBJiHBanw >KH3HeaeHTenbH0CTb 6enbix apMHH.
Cjihiiikom MHoro 6hjio noxepaHo HHOcrpaHHbiM KannxajiOM, yicopeHHB-
uuHMca b Pocchh 3a npeflbiaymHe noncTOJieTHa, cjihuikom mhoto npeacToairo no-
reparb, ho 3Toro, pasyineeTca, nwTajiHCb roSexaTb, Boopyacaa h <{>HHaHCHpya
6ejibie pyccKHe apMHH, Te, koto Hbme Ha3biBaiox npeacxaBHxejiaMH "cBo6onHoro
pbiHKa".
He cjiynaftHO OcoSmh MaHbHJKypcKHH oxpaa aTaMaHa CeMenoBa C03«a-
Banca npw caMOM aKTHBHOM ynacxHH anoncKoro KanHTaHa KypoKH h Ha anoH-
CKHe HeHbi. B 3tom oxpaae cnyHouiH anoHUbi, CHanana b HHCJie 4 o$HuepoB h 7
coJiaaT, a hotom, b KOHue Hiona 1918 roaa, npH6biJi OTpafl b 400 nejiOBeK, HaBep-
SoBaHHwx rocnoaaMH Ceo 3flTapo h Ahxcho. 29 Hrona 1918 roaa Ha ATaMaHOB-
ckoh conKe 3TOT 6aTantOH anonueB, cny>KHB!iiHH y CeMeHOBa, cnac nocjieaHero
or oKOHnaTeabHoro pa3rpoMa, npw 3tom cemh anoHUbi noTepajin ao 20%.
HeT, He cnynaHHO pa3opy»ceHHaa KHTafluaMH apMHa KannejieBaeB npn
aBHaceHHH no KB5KA BHOBb 6buia Boopy>tceHa anoHuaMH b OKTa6pe 1921 roaa h
nepe3 Mecau 6poiueHa npoTHB flajibHe-BocTOHHOH PecnyGnHKH. Bwno sto b mo-
MeHT npeacToameii MewaynapoaHOH KOHcfcepeHUHH b BaiuHHrroHe.

"
PyccKHe tMtiKuepH h coaaa™ Ha3biBajiH hx 4exo-co6aKaMn.
It. 2ik. 2460 161
 H reHepaji MonnaHOB, JxeJiaa xoro wrn HeT, Bwcrynaji opyflweM itojihthkh
.HnoHHH b ^ajibHeBOCTOHHOM peraoHe.
3to He6ojibuioe oTcryruieHHe caejiaHO mho to yMbiumeHHO, hto6m nona-
3aTb, K3.K nOJITaJTKHBaeMbie HHOCTpaHUaMH pyCCKHe C 3HTy3Ha3M0M yGHBailH
Apyr apyra b yroay hx KanHTaJiy.
Hto we KacaeTca 6onbiueBHKOB, to nponaraHfla 6enbix Bee Bpeiwi nwTa-
nacb flOKa3aTb, hto 6ojibuieBHCTCKoe flBHaceHHe HHCnupHpoBaHO HeMuaMH, CTpe-
MHBIlIHMHCa 0CJia6HTb PoCCHK) H AHTaHTy nyreM peBOJTIOIIHOHHOH 6ypH. Ho HC-
TOpHKH 3HaK)T, HTO B pe3yjIbTaTe peBOJIlOUHH HeMetTKHe (})HpMbI BecbMa MHOrO
noxepsjiH flawe y Hac Ha flajibHeM Boctokc He 6yfly roBopHTb o <j>npMe
"KyHCT h Anb6epc"* xopouio H3BecraoH AajibHeBOCTOHHHKain Tex BpeMeH. JJ.oc-
,

TaTOHHo BCnOMHHTb, hto KarmTan 3HaMeHHToro ToproBoro flOMa HypHHa Ha

60% 6mji HewieiiKHM...
B 3a6afiKajibe reHepan MojmaHOB 6bm Ha3HaneH KOMaHflnpoM 3-ro Kop-
nyca, c hhm h npoaejiaji nyTb OTCTyrmeHHfi b IlpHMOpbe h bo maBe ero c npH-
^aHHbiMH nacTHMH 2-ro CTpejTKOBoro Kopnyca, a Taicace 6biBiunx ceMeHOBueB H3
TpoaeKOBCKOH rpynnw eniy npHiujiocb Becra "6ejion08CTaHueB" - TaK oKpecTHJiH
ce6a b arHTauHOHHbix uejiax 6ejibie nacTH, xoth hmchho nporaB hhx umo MecT-
Hoe napTH3aHCKoe ABHiKeHKe, - b noxoa Ha Xa6apOBCK.
3tot Xa6apoBCKHii noxoA 1921-1922 poaob 6hji TparHnecKHM He tojilko
Ajm 6enwx, ho h ana KpacHbix. Pa3pymeHHaa cxapaHHHMH "TaAaHTJiHBoro non-
KOBOflua" B.K.Bjiioxepa HaponHO-peBOJHOUHOHHaa apMHH 6bma HecnocoGHa
npoTHBOCToaTb xopouio opraHH30BaHHoii, xoTa h xy>ice ocHameHHofl flanbHe-
Boctohhoh ApMHH. Ho 3to TeMa apyroro onepica. Mory JiHtiib cKa3aTb, hto
B.K.Bjifoxep 6wji y6paH c /JajibHero Boctok3 b 1922 roay hmchho H3-3a Toro,
hto He CMor peniHTb rjiaBHyio 3a^any - jiHKBHflauHJi nocjieAHero CHJibHoro onara
6enorBapfleficKoro jxBUMcmm na TeppwropHH Pocchh, xoth h 6ujia eMy BpyneHa
6naroaapcTBeHHa5i rpaMOTa npaBHTejibCTBa flBP. ToMy, kto 3HaK0M c apxHB-
hwm MarepHanoM, H3Bec™o, hto HPA RBP ro npwe3Aa Enioxepa SbiJia Mnoro-
HHCJieHHee b ceMb-BOceMb pa3 b 6oeBOM jihhhom cocTaBe h soopy>KeHHH. riocjie
ero pe<J)opM b 6oeBOM othouichhh OHa crana 3HaHHTejibHO ycTynaTb 6ejibiM boh-
CKaM, npomejiuiHM cyposyio uiKOJiy HcnbiTaHHH. HeT, He cjrynaHHO 3a TpH HeAe-
jih BOHCKa MojinaHOBa nponuiH nojiTbiCHHH khjiomctpob, He TOJibKO 6naroflapa

npo(J)eccHOHajiM3My cojiflaT h nojiKOBOAnecKOMy MacTepCTBy KOMaHflHpoB.

MHe y>Ke aoBOAHJiocb rwcaTb, hto BoesajiH Ha nocneflHeM 3Tane rpaacflaH-
ckoh bohhh, couiJiHCb Ha py6e)Ke BojionaesKH jhoah, 3HaBiuHe AOBOJibHO xopo-
uio Apyrapyra. HanajibHHK noneBoro uiTaSa B.K.Bjiioxepa, 6mbuihm iiojikobhhk
IleTp Ahhchmobhh JlyuKOB cnyacnn 3aMecTHTejieM HanajibHHKa ocBeaoMHTejib-
Horo oxaena b CraBKe KojinaKa h, pa3yMeeTCa, npeKpacno 3Han reHepana Moji-
naHOBa no cobmbcthoh pa6oTe.

*
B 1942 roity YnpaajieHHeM rocyji.apcTBeHHb[MM apxHBSMH HKBH CCCP Bbinymen ceK-
peTHbiii; c6ophmk noKyMCHTOB o KeineuKOM uinHOHaiKe b uapcKoit Pocchh, me y6eaHTe^bHo no-
Ka3atta po^b 4>HpMbt "KyHCT h Anb6epc" KaK ianMOHCKoro npHKpbiTHsi.
162
 BblBUIHe nOpyHHKH (KOMaHayKWUHH BoCTOIHbIM (j)pOHTOM

C.M.CepbiuieB), jjorraSc-KanHTaHbi (KOMaHAHpbi hojikob B.A.rionoB,

r.B.KoHflpaxbeB), 6biBuiHe dpenbA4>e6enH (KOMaHAHp 4 y<j)HMCKoro noJiKa non-

kobhhk CHAaMOHHA3e), BaxMHCTpw (reHepan-JieiiTeHaHT TjieGoB, nocneflHHH Ha-
nanbHHK TpofleKOBCKOH rpynnbi), CTaBmne bo raaBe KpacHbix hjih 6enwx bohck,
couiJiHCb Ha pokoboh nepTe HeHaBHCTH. EpaToy6nHCTseHHa5i Hcrepna CBOflHJia h
pa3BOflHJia hx Ha nojuix cpaaceHHH to b oahom narepe, to no pa3Hbie CTOpOHbi
(jlpOHTOB.
CoraacHO pa3BeAAaHHMM HPA k 10 cJjeBpana 1922 roaa Ha no6epejKbe
AMypa b cTaHHuax BepxHe-CnaccKoe h HH>KHe-CnaccKoe HaxoflHJiHCb 1-h mia-
cryHCKHH nojiK (eiojikobhhk KpHTepoB) h 2-h nnacryHCKHft nonK (nojiKOBHHK
Cajia3KMH) o6meH HHcneHHOCTbio 350 ujtmkob, 15 ca6enb, 6 nyneMeTOB, 2 opy-

AHH-
pafioHe BonoiaeBKH HaxoxtHJiacb 3 -a 6pwrafla AdpnHoreHa TaBpHJiOBHHa
B
ApryHOBa b cocraBe 3 J!Jo6pOBonbHecKoro noJiKa (KOMaHAHp nojiKa nojiKOBHHK
EaxTepeB), Omckoto crpenKOBoro nonKa (BMecTO nojiKOBHHKa MenbHHKOBa
BpeMeHHO KOMaHaoBaji ero 3aMecr«Tenb iiojikobhhk Moxob), flo6poBOJibHeCKafl
12-
6aTapea nojiKOBHHKa rafiKOBHHa. 06maa HHcneHHOcrb okojto 500 uithkob,
ca6ejib, 8 nyneMeTOB h 3 opyAHH. 3Aecb *e, b pafloHe coiikh MtoHb-KapaHH h
CTaHUHH BonoMaeBKa, HaxoAHnacb IloBonaccKaa 6pnraaa, kotopoh ao 26 aHBapa
KOMaHAQBaji HHKonafi naBJioBHH CaxapoB h cHaTbift c aoji5khoctk 3a nopaace-
hhh noA Hhom h OjibroxTOH. nocjie y6biTHa H.n.CaxapoBa bo BnaAHBOCTOK
SpwraAy B03rnaBHJi iiojikobhhk IleTpoB. B ee cocraBe 6binH l Bojdkckhh crpen-
KOBbifi hojik (BMecro nojiKOBHHKa BeneHyiiiKHHa b 3to BpeMa KOMaHAOBan iioji-
kobhhk KaMCKHft nojiK (nocjie Bbi6biTHa H3 CTpoa noA Hhom 28
Bojiioiijkhh), 8
AeKa6pa nonKOBHHKa B.E.CoTHHKOBa nojiKOM KOMaHAOBaji nomcoBHHK TypKOB),
4 ydjHMCKHH nOJIK (IIOJIKOBHHK CnAaMOHHA3e), 1 y^HMCKMH KaBIIOJlK
(
iiojikobhhk Bepe3HH) h 3 BoiDKCKaa 6aTapea. 06maa HHCJieHHocTb SpHraAW
okoho 900 uiTbiKOB, 200 ca6ejib, 9 nyjieMexoB h 3 opyAHH. H3 cocTaBa 1 Open-
koboh 6pnraAH, KOTOpoii c 7 AeKa6pa KOMaHAOBaji hojikobhhk
ErepCKHH nojiK (hojikobhhk 3yn-
H A A jieKcaHApoB noA
. .
BononaeBKOH
,
6hji 1

TaH), YpajibCKHM noiiK (hojikobhhk TaMnep), KoHHo-ErepcKHH nojiK

2
(nojiKOBHHK CTenaHOB) h 1-h cTpenKOBO-aprannepHHCKHH ahbhshoh
(nojiKOBHHK PoMaHOBCKHfl). 06maa iHcneHHOCTb OKono 670 iutwkob, 285 ca-
6enb h 3 nyneMeTOB. TaKHM o6pa30M, noA BojionaeBKOH 6biJio y 6ejibix,
no
oueHKe KpacHbix, 2070 uiTbiKOB, 605 ca5enb, 26 nyneMeTOB, 6 opyAHH. M3 hhx 4

ydpHMCKHH, 1 Bojdkckhh h 8 KaMCKHH nojiKH b HOHb Ha 12 dpeBpana SbiJiH 6po-

iueHbi Ha noMomb reHepajiy HHKHTHHy c ero rmacTyHaMH k HroKHe-CnaccKOMy

npoTHB HacxynaiomeH 3a6aHKajibCKOH rpyilnbi H.A-ToMHHa, Bcero okojio 900
uiTbiKOB, 9 nyneMeTOB h 2 opyAHH. CneAOBaTenbHO, HacrynaiomeH Ha
BonoiaeB-
Ky Cboahoh cTpenKOBoii 6pnraAe fl.3.rioKyca b cocraBe Oco6oro AMypcKoro
nonKa B.A.nonoBa, 6 crpenKOBoro nonKa A.H.3axapoBa, 5 CTpenKOBoro nonKa
B.B.rypCKoro, 4 KaBanepHflcKoro nonKa A.H.CyH(j)y h AByx npHAaHHbix 6a-
TanbOHOB 3 crpenKOBoro nonKa 1 Hhthhckoh crpenKOBOft 6pHraAbi H3 3a6afi-
163
keuibckoh rpynnn o6meft hhcjichhoctbio okojio 5000 uithkob, 1000 ca6enb, 130

nyjieMeTOB, 14 opyflHft nojieBOH apTHiuiepHH h 2 6pOHenoe3flOB co cropoHbi 6e-

jimx npoTHBOCTOJUio okojio 1 170 uithkob, 405 ca6ejib, 17 nyneMeTOB h 4 opy^HH,
3 6poKenoe3AOB (Tpe-raft 6hji b TWJiy)*.
B flewHeBKe, r/xe pacnonarajica uiTa6 B.M.MoJiHaHOBa, HaxoOTJica Cboh-
HO-flo6poBOJibHecKnii noJiK nojiKOBHHKa HepKeca" . HaceBCKO-BoxKHHCKaa 6pH-
rajianojiKOBHHKa ABeHwpa TeHHaflbeBHHa E<}>HMOBa ( b xo/je TpaJKaaHCKOH boh-
Hbi okohhhji aKaaeMHio TeHepanbHoro UlTa6a) pacnonarajiacb: HaceBCKHft
cTpenKOBbiM nojiK b HHKOJiaeBKe (370 uithkob, 40 ca6ejib, KOMaHflHp - iiojikob-
HHK 3yeB), B riOKpOBKe CTOHJI nOJIK BoTKHHCKHH OOfl KOMaiWOH nOJlKOBHHKa
TaM see HaxoflHJica Botkhhckhh KaBajiepHiicKHH jihbh3hoh iioji-
c[)OH-Baxa,
KOBHHKa ^po6HHHHa. Die pacnonarajiacb BoTKHHCKaa Saxapea KanHTaHa Tpa-
nHUbma b cocraBe 2 opyflHft, ycrraHOBHTb He yjjajiocb (no HeKOTopbiM cBefleHHaM,

b 3TOT nepnofl 6aTapeeK KOMaH/jOBaji nopyHHK 5Khjihh). BepoaTHee Bcero, 6aTa-

pea HaxcnHJiacb b KanecTBe apTarmepHHCKoro pe3epBa npn MojinaHOBe b fle*-
HeBKe.
B 3ajxaHy HpKyTCKoro nojiKa nojiKOBHHKa 3wnOBa bxojihjio o6opoHaTb
Ka3aKeBHHH, rm ran ace, kzk h Ha BojionaeBKe, 6hjih nocTpoeHbi npoBonoHHbie
3arpa»yieHHa.
llpHBeAeHHaa ,u,Hcno3Hii,Ha 6enbix 03HaHaeT, hto Ha ochobhom HanpaBJie-
hhh KpacHbie npeBocxoflfuiH b CHJtax h cpeacxBax: no uiTbiKaM 6onee neM b TpH
pa3a, no nyjieMeraM - b 6 c jihiiihhm pa3, no opyanaM - b 3 pa3a, h Jinim, ycrryna-
jih no KaBanepHH, 6ejibie npeBoexoaHJiH HeMHoro KpacHbix, ho H3-3a rny6oKoro

CHera KasajiepHfl b o6opOHe npaKTHnecKH He nrpana pojiw, aeHCTBOBajia b cne-

uieHHOM crpoio.
Ha ceBepe, b pafloHe ApxaHreuibCKOH h ^[aHHJioBKH 6enbie hmcjih Ch6hp-
ckhh Ka3aHHft hojik nonKOBHHKa EaSHKOBa b 150 caSejib h 60 uithkob npH 4 ny-
neMexax h rpynny nojiKOBHHKa IIInpaeBa HHCJieHHOCTbio OKono 80 uiTbiKOB h
100 ca6enb (no pa3BeaaaHHbiM CHHTanocb, hto y IllHpaeBa okojio 400 uithkob, b
nocJieaytomeM, oueHHBaa xojj 6oeB, npHuuin k BbiBouy, hto Smjio okojio 500 ca-
6ejib, 80 uithkob, 8 nyieMeTOB a 1 opyflHe; ho ctojibko chji h cpeacTB y IllHpae-

Ba HHKor.ua He 6hjio. - r.JI.)'"- Ohh npoTHBOcroajiH rpynne Oeaopa IleTpoBa-

TeTepHHa h H.n.IDeBHyKa, BKJiiOHaBiiieH 375 uithkob, 67 ca6ejib, 8 nyneMeTOB h
2 opyjiHa. 3«ecb chjih 6hjih npH6nH3HTejibHO paBHH, xoTa KpacHbie npeBoexo-
flHJIH b cpeacTBax.
3a6aHKanbCKOH rpynne HPA H.^.ToMHHa, cocxoaBUieH H3 1-2 Hhthh-
ckoh CTpejiKOBoii ©pwraflbi, TpoHUKocaBCKoro KaBanepHHCKoro nojiKa u Hhthh-

'
CooTHomeHMe chji h cpeacTB mecb aaHO Ha ocHoaaHHH pasBeawBaTejibHbix h onepaiHB-
Hbix cboiok npeanojiaraeMbix noxepb h HeKOMruieKTa HacTeft HPA. iTpw 3tom b
yMeT He Spanwcb
canepHbte, cbhsh, xejie3HOjiopojKHbie, TbuioBbie nacTH h noapaanejieHHH o6ecneMeHHH.
" JI.3.rioKyc csHTan, hto CBOjiHO-Ao6poBOJib«[ecKHfi nojiK HaxoanncH b paiioHe IIokpobkh
HJIH HHKOJiaeBKH.
"" "Bo^oHaeBCKas onepauHa" yKa3biBaer, hto 6ejTbte b paiioHe YjiHKa-
fl.3.lToKyc b craTbe
ApxaHrejibCKaa-ilaHviJJOBKa sxoamrH b rpynny reHepajia BnuJHeBCKoro, cjieaoBatenbHo, pteaea-
aaHHwe o cocraBe rpynnbi UlMpaesa 6buiH hctohhumm.
164
CKoro KaBjiHBH3noHa o6meM HMCJieHHOCTtio 1560 ihtmkob, 673 ca6nH, 80 nyjie-
MeTOB h 14 opyaHH* , 6enbie iipotmboctohjih jiHiiib 350 uiTbiKaMH, 15 caGjiHMH, 6
nyjieMCTaMH h 2 opyflHHMH. FIoBOJDKCKaa 6pHraaa ra-3a no3flHero noaxoaa na-
HecTH KOHTpyaap He cMorna h cymecTBeHHoro bjimhhhji Ha hcxoa 6oa He 0Ka3a-
jia, cKopee Hao6opoT, cawta noflBepraacb cmibHOMy yaapy KpacHbix Ha rore h yace

He Moraa ynacTBOBaTb b 6oro noa BojionaesKOH. TaKHM o6pa30M, Ha kkkhom

HanpaBneHHH Kpacnwe MHoroKpaTHO npeBOCXOflHJiH rpynnHpOBKy 6ejibix.

IlpaBfla, b TMJiy y KpacHbix fleHCTBOBan b paiioHe craHHUbi MHxawjioBCKOH ot-

pan noKKOBHHKa fl.c&.KapJioBa, n3BecTHoro b cTaHe KpacHbix noa <j>aMHjmeH
HubKOBa (nceBflOHHM). B Hero BXoaHJiH AinypCKHH KaBanepHHCKHH ahbh3hoh,
3a6aHKanbCKHH Ka3anHM nonK h YccypHHCKHH cTpejiKOBbiH ^hbh3hoh, KOToptifi
KpacHbie npHHHManH 3a hojik; o6maa HHCJieHHocTb OTpaaa cocraBJiajia okojio
200 uiTbiKOB, 400 ca6ejib npH 8 nyjieMCTax h 1 opyaHH. EMy nporaBoaeHCTBOBaji
oTpaa KpacHbix Bopo3flMHa chjioh ao 6aTanbOHa. 3aaa<reii KapaoBa-HjibKOBa
6bijio BbiBecTH H3 crpofl AjuypcKyio ace:ie3Hyio aopory h noaHHTb Ka3a4ecTB0 Ha
6opb6y c KpacHHMH. Hh to hh apyroe no cyTH He yaajiocb. 3tot OTpaa 3aHan
BepxHe- h HnacHecnaccKoe nepe3 Heaconbico AHeft nocjie naaeHHa BonoiaeBKH,
Koraa KpacHbie yace 3axsaTHJiH Ka3aKeBHHH, ho, pa3yMeeTca, 3to Toace He OKa3a-
jiocymecTBeHHoro bjihhhhs Ha wcxoa BoJio-meBCKoii onepauHH KpacHbix.
IlopyHHK 1 CTpejiKOBO-aprajinepHHCKoro AHBH3HOHa E.Ohjthmohob, yna-
CTBOBaBiuHH b paaax 6ejiwx bohck b nocneaHHX 6oax c KpacHbiMH, nncan:
"IlpoxoflHT nojiropa Mecaua Taacenbix 6oeB 3a Xa6apoBCK0M. ApMHH xaeT, npw-
hocht 6ecnjio«Hbie acepTBbi, TepaeTca Bepa b B03MoacHOCTb noiiyHHTb KaKyio-
jih6o noMomb ot HaceneHHa.., HaiHHaeTca OTcrynjieHHe. TeHepaJi MojinaHOB
caeuan Bee, hto 6bmo b npeaejmx lejiOBenecKHX chji h cboh aonr BbinojiHHJi ao
KOHUa".
CjieayeT cica3aTb, hto aaHHaa uHxaTa b hojihoh Mepe oTpaacaeT cirryauHio
Tex anew. H3HypHxenbHbie 6oh b TeneHHe nonyiopa MecaueB npOTHB MojinaHOBa
sen CrenaH CepbiuieB, KOMaHaya BocTOiHbiM $pohtom, hto ace Kacaexca noaB-
jieHHa Ha cppoHTe B.K.Ejnoxepa, to oh npnexair copBarb 3penwH ruioa, aa n to He
cMor 3Toro cflenaTb, TaK KaK "BOJionaeBCKHe ahh" b nojiHofi Mepe noKa3ajiH ero
6e3flapH0CTb b cxpaTerHHecKMx h TaKTH^ecKHx Bonpocax, KCTa™, sto ace noBTo-
pHTca noTOM h Ha XacaHe (xots cymecrByeT jiereHAa o ero noJiKOBoanecKOM Ta-
jiaHTe). BejibiH 6poHenoe3fl 3ae3>Kan b cepeflHHy jieacamnx b CHery okojio npoBO-
jiohhmx 3arpaacaeHHH HapofloapMefiueB h paccTpenHBan hx H3 nyneMeTOB c pac-
CTOaHHa 25-50 MeipoB, b to ace BpeMa apTHJiJiepua KpacHbix h 6poHenoe3fla 6e3-
AeiiCTBOBajiH - He 6bin OTpeMOHTHpoBaH moct nepe3 pyqefl IlonepeHKa, xoTa Ce-
pbiuieB h IIoKyc o6pamann BHHMaHHe Bnioxepa Ha Heo6xoAHMocrb peMoma h
numb nocneayiomero HacrynneHHa Ha xopomo yKpenjieHHyio no3HUHio Sejibix.

nocne peMOHTa Mocra, Koraa b 6oft BCTynHJiH KpacHbie 6pOHenoe3-

12 cJ)eBpajiH,
aa, Becb uiTypM Bojio^aeBKH 0Ka3anca BecbMa kopotkhm, 3a TpH naca c Hanana

*
JTsa opynKH OCTaaneHhi b pe3epae (J)poHTa, neTbipe opyaHH nepeiiaHW B CBOflHyro crrpeji-

kobvk) 6pnrafly.
165
 .

6oa Bee 6mjio 3aK0HHeH0. B 1 1 nacoB 32 MHHyTbi cornea HroHb-KapaHH 6wjia

B3aTa.
a He
Ilo6eAa 6biJia OAepjKana 6jiaroaapa MyxcecTBy HapoAoapMefiueB,
"TanaHTy" B.K.Enioxepa, CKopee BonpeKH eMy.
npOBepHB flecHTKH onepaTHBHbix flOKyMetrroB HPA, a He o6Hapya<Hn CBe-
aeHHii o Tpo(J)eax h nneHHbix hoa BojioiaeBKOH, ho b to ace
BpeMa Ha kdhchom
nacxynajia 3a6aHKajibCKaa rpynna H.fl.ToMHHa, TaicoBbie
HanpaBJieHHH, rae
6bMH b 3HaHHTejibHOM Otbct Hauienca b BocnoMHHaHHax npocToro
KOJiHnecTBe.
HapoAoapMenua TpoHUicocaBCKoro KaBajiepHHCKoro nonKa (xpaHwrca b apxHBe),
nHcaBiuero, no Koraa ohh npn6nH3HJiHCb c lora k BononaeBKe, to bhacjih, KaK
no apyryio CTopoHy AOpora KOJiOHHaMH yxoflHJiH c conKH HioHb-KapaHH h
H3
KypcHpoBan B33A h Bnepea, He ncanycKaa nyne-
cena 6enbie, a hx 6poHenoe3£
MeTHbiM orHeM KpacHbix kohhhkob k Hcejie3HOH Aopore...
B uejroM B.M.MonnaHOB npaBHJibHO oueHHBan npeflCToauwe AeiicTBHa
KpacHbix h opraHH30BHBan o6opoHy c yneTOM raaBHbix HanpaBJieHHK
yaapoB
KpacHbix noHKOB. JJjix coxpaHeHHa apMHH oh 6bm BbiHyacaeH ocraBHTb Xa6a-
pOBCK 6e3 6oa.
Benbie OTKaTHJiHCb b IlpHMopbe 3a npHKpbiTwe anoHCKHx uithkob.
B.K.Enioxep iepe3 ABe HeaejiH nocne ocB06o>KAeHHa XaSapOBCKa nocne-
iiikji cHaTb c aojdkhoctch KoMaHHyiomero Boctohhhm 4>pohtom CM. Cepu-
uieBa h HjreHa BoeHHoro CoBeTa n.n.riocTbiuieBa, KOTopwe eme b aeKa6pe 1921
rejie^oHHbix pa3roBOpax na-
roaa, nepea ocTaBneHHeM Xa6apoBCKa 6ejiwM, b
npawiyio o6bhhhjih bo bccm npoHcxoaameM Tex, kto coKpaTHJi apMHio (3T0 fleiiaji

B.K.Bnioxep), h 3a 3T0 aojdkhm noiuiaTHTbca rojioBaMH, b tom wcjie h

tojioboh

Enioxepa. Bjiioxep He 3a6bin 3thx pa3roBOpOB (KonHH Tejie<}>OHorpaMM o6Hapy-

>KeHbi mhok) b apxHBe). HaiweHbi mhokj b apxHBe h AOKyMeHTbi,
noATBepama-
romHe, mto bch BononaeBCKaa onepauna 6bma cnjiaHHpOBaHa h npOBOAHJiacb b

ochobhom c pa3pa6oTKaMH CM-CepwuieBa, a He B.K.Ejiroxepa. H

ecjiH 6bi He

BMeuiaTejibCTBO Bjiioxepa b AeficTBHa KOManayiomero 4>pohtom, to noTepw 6mjih

6bi mhoto MeHbuie. C y^exoM noTepb hoa Ka3aiceBHHaMH 14 $eBpajia b Hapoa-

HO-peBOJHOUHOHHOfi apMHH 6mjih y6HTbi, paHeHbi h o6Mop05KeHbi npaKTHnecKH
Ka>KflbiH TpeTHfl HapoaoapMeeu, noTepH coCTaBHJiH
okojio 2000 nejioBeK. Toh-

Hbix noTepb 6e;iwx He 6bijio ycTaHOBJieHO,ho ohh 6mjih 3HaHHTejibH0 MeHbuie*

B.M.MoJinaHOB yMe^ opraHH30BMBaTb He TOJibKO o6opoHy, ho h HacTyn-
oStacHajiocb ero hm-
neHHe, a bot hojihthkom 6hji hjioxhm. CKopee Bcero, 3to
nyjibcHBHbiM xapaKTepoM. JJocraTOHHO BcnoMHHTb cnyiafi H3 ero o^wuepcKOH
poTbi h
motoaocth. 04>Huepbi o6eAaiiH b pecxopaHe, somen nbHHbiii KOMaaimp
o6o3Ban MonnaHOBa cyKHHbiM cmhom. Tot BbiXBaraJi nHCroneT w. BbicTpeJiHJi b

rojioBy KanHTaHy, ho nyna JiHUib cjieraa 3aAena ero. MojinaHOBa cyAHJiH h AanH
ocyAHJiH h Ha 3
30 cyTOK apecxa. KanHTaHa pa35Kaji0BajiH h yBOJiHJiH H3 apMHH,
MoJinaHOBa nepeBenn b HpKyTCK b 6 Boctohho-
roAa 3aKJiK)HHJiH b TiopbMy.

*
55 3 rfoKyc onpWJiaji norepH 6ejiux b
BoJionaeBCKoii onepaunn b 400 y6nTbix m 700 pa-
oTcyTCTBHH aoKyMeHTOB He npeacTaB-
HeHbix m o6MOpoxeHHbix, ho CHHTatb mx toihwmh H3-3a
jtaeTCa bo3mojkhmm.
166
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Ch6h Pckhh HHaceHepHHH 6aTajn>OH. 3to co6brxne
apMHH roro B peMeHH, Kor.ua apMHa eme He 6wJia
MonnaHOBa, ho h ayx pyccKoii
H b xoae rpaacaaHCKOH bohhm hs Boopy-
npeBpameHa b BOopyrceHHyio xojiny.
Bospowranacb apMHa, ho pacicojioxaa Ha ABe nonoBHHw, y
aceHHoii xonnbi bhobi.
h cbos HAeojioraa.
Kaaaofi H3 kotophx 6un cboh bmcokhh MopanbHHH ayx
flnOHUbl B CHJiy 3KOHOMHMeCKHX, nOJIHTHHeCKHX
H HHCTO BOeHHblX yCJIOBHH
bohck c xeppHxopHH Pocchh h xeM
jieiOM 1922 roaa o6T,SBniiH o BHBo Ae cbohx
H HMMH CHJiaMH HPA h Kpac-
caMbiM ocrasnnH 6ejib!x oahh na oahh c o6ieflHHe
3a6aHKajibCKaa cxpemoBaa ahbhshh cocxoajia H3 104 crpemoBon
Hoii ApMHH 1

c iipiukihhhmh eB nacxaMH. K ceHTa6pio n P H6bma

6 P HraAbi KpacHOH A Pmhh
ewe H3 KpacHofl ApMHH 36 cxpejiKOBaa ahbh3hji.
BoficKa B ce flanbine k BnaflH-
TeHepan Mo/inaHOB c 6o*mh oxbojhji cboh
npHUinocb nepeftxH rocysapcxBeHHyio rpa-
BOcroKy, noTOM k Ilocbexy, no K a He
Hauuiocb Mecxa b hobom
nwy c KHxaeM, <rro6bi cnacxn ocxaxKH Tex, KOMy He
o6tuecxBe.
B nocjieayromeM MojinaHOBa oiweiajiH, hto oh own npeKpac-
6Horpac}>bi
flenoBoft mh P sarpa-
hhm BoeHHbiM pyKOBOAHTeneM, ho xaK h ne CMor BJiHTbc™
nepefloxjiH
hhuh Kypw, kotophx oh nbixanca pa3BOflHTb,
.

*e H a B.M.MoJinaHOBa yMepua b 1931 nwy. Hepe3 *ec»xb jier oh

nepBaa
ropoae CaH-0>paHUHCKO ra 3exa
>KeHHHCH BHOBb. 12 anBapa 1975 ro fl a b
"3K3 aMHHep" naneHaxajia KopoxeHbKoe coo6meH H e, tto coctohtch norpeoeHHe
BHKTopa MonnaHosa, Koxopbifi cpaacajica 3 a nap*
SHBiiiero pyccKoro reHepana
norpeeajibHa* uepeMOHHa HanHexca bo bto P -
Itaojiaa II npoxHB KOMMyHHexoB,
uepKBH. Oh yMep b bo3-
hhk b 12 nacoB 30 MHHyx b PyccKoii OpxoflOKcajibHOH
MHxawia, nsyx floiepeH, JIapHcy h
pacre 88 Jier, ocxaBHB aceny JIhotio, cbma
Mwjiy, a TaK>Ke 5 BHyKOB h npaBHyKOB.
ApMHeH TA
HcTOpHKH 3HaK)T, 4X0 KOMaHflyiOIUHM flaJIbHe-BOCTOTHOH
OMCTBaMH BpeMeHHoro npHaMypcKoro
VnpaBJiaromHM bochhum h mo P ckhm BeA
A^anacb-
1921-1922 roaax 6lui reHepan-neHxenaHT IpHropHH
npaBHTejibCTBa b
eBHM Bep»c6HUKHH (repMaHCKyro BOHHy 3
aKOHHnn b inne noJiKOBHHKa), a c nepe-
BJiacxn reHepan-Jianwuna
HMeHOBaHHeM apMHH b 3e MCKyio Paxb h npHXOflOM k
BoeBOflOH 3eMCK0H PaTH,
MHxaiuia KoHCxaHTHHOBHHa flmepiixca, craBUiero
KOHTppeaojnouHOHHOH 6o Pb6bi aojiwhu
3th flBa nejiOBeKa Ha nocjieaneM axane
conpoTHBJieHHe eontmeBHKaM, ho A a H b
6biJiH 6bi ojiaueTBopaTb BOopyjKeHHoe
nocjieAHHM 6eiiHM renepa-
nepBencTBa oTaaior B.M.MoiiHaHOBy, HasbiBaa ero
6oh nocjie^HHe 6enbie hojikh...
jiom xaK KaK e M y aoBejiocb Bo fl HTb b
'
^espana na conxe HEOHb-KapaHH co6HP a-
Ha npoxaaceHHH mhofhx Jiex 12
BerepaHbi-BononaeBUbi h BcnoMHHajiH MHHyBuiHe ahh. Hbine mo-
jiHCb KpacHbie
ryx co6paxbCJi jihujs hx iiotomkh.

rona B.M.MojinaHOB BosmaMJui BpeMeHHoe

npna MypcKoe npa BH -
mi
o™
•
C no mown
Te,scTBo bo
M.K.il« Te P MXca,
3

hto M
8
B^
H B0CTo K e,
o>kho CM«TaTb Bepm^Hoii
npneuTH, ^GpaHHOto npwwWTweM"P aB
ero BoeHHo-nojmTMKecKOH ae«Te^bHocTH.
bCTBa
^
167
 A mojkct 6wn>, 6bino 6bi uejiecoo6pa3HO co6paTbca Ha 3toh conKe, nojiH-
toh KpoBbio aeaoB h otuob, noTOMKaM 6ejibix h KpacHbix, ot6pochb npe,ny6e>K-
aeHHe. Te h apyrae 6buiH poccHflHaMH, h jihhh3 Bpaacaw npojienia Meacfly hhmh
He no hx co6cTBeHHOH Bone. flocraTOHHO cKa3axs, hto raaBa BpeMeHHoro npH-
aMypcKoro npaBHrenbCTBa CA.MepKyjioB Ha3WBan MoxrnaHOBa nojry6ojibiiie-
bhkom, h ero BOJiHOBajio, hto apMHa b pyKax nojiy6ojibiueBHKa.
rioHCTHHe Heo6biHHbi ayiUH pycCKHX. Mbi Bcrynajm b CMepTenbHbie cxBar-
kh c HeMuaMM h $paHuy3aMH, uiBe^aMH h nonajcaMH (aa h Mano jih eme c kcm) h
nocne bohh Bcer^a Haxo^iuiH B3aHMonoHHMaHHe Ha aojirae ro^bi, b to >Ke BpeMS
Ha aecsiTHJieTHa pacraHyjiH n&iieHHe Ha "6enbix" h "KpacHbix".
Ecjih BepHTb b BH6neHCKHe hctophh h ocHOBHbie aonnbi xpHCTHaHCTBa,
hto "Bee b pyue Eoacbeii" h 6e3 bojih Eoacbei* Aawe bojioc He yna^eT c rojiOBbi,
Tor^a 3aieM Bee CTpacTH jik>6bh h HeHaBHCTH, 3aMeuiaHHbie Ha nojiHTHice?
HeT 0flH03HaHHbix otbctob! KaayibiH HaxoflHT hx caM huh ace nyTaerca b
Tpex cocHax, 3a kotopmmh He bhiiht Jieca...
% ace Koponco paccna3an 6Horpac|>HK> nejiOBeica, 0 kotopom 6ojibuiHHCTBO
3HanH JiHLUb oflHo - reHepara MonnaHOB!

168
 AmuAtau Fpuzopuu CeAteuoe
u "ceMeHoeu,hi"

B coGhthh cobpcmchhocth (fcyHKUHOHepu pasJiHiHtix

nepHOflbi 6ypHbix
noJiHTHHecKHX TeneHHM h napraH, AeiwarorH (bowah
Hapoaa) HenpeMeHKO cT pe-
aHanorK hjih MopanbHO-
MJiTCfl OTbiCKaTb b npoiujiOM HCTopmecKHe
noBbimeHHMH HHTepec
nonHTHHecKyio 6asy AJia cBoefi aKTHBHocra. npoaBJiaiOT
HM HaHTH CBOe MeCTO B TaB^yHe
K MCTOpHH H o6bIBaTeJlH, CJIOBHO 3T0 IIOMOJKeT
cTpacTeft. Ho Becbwa nacTo niinK)3opHOCTb b oueHKe npouinoro npeo6jiaAaex
HaA HCTHHOH.
CeroAHa nosiBJiHeTca mhopo pasHWX ny6jMKaunfi o BpeMeHH Pocchhckoh
BocxBajiEHHGM 6ejioro flBHHceHHH, cjiobho Pa6oMe-
TpaJKUaHCKofi bohhw c
KpecTbaHCKaa KpacHaa ApMHa BoeBana iioa yrposoK Bceo6iuero paccrpejia, 06-
npHMHTHBHSM noAo6 H oro
MaHyxaa annamieii B.HJIeHHHa h ero coparHHKOB.
BecbMa noKasa-
noaxoAa k BonpocaM hctoP hh oneBHAeH. B stom
oraoiiieHHH

rejibHa 6pouiK)pa AjieKcanapa KyaHeuosa

"O Eenoii A P mhh h ee HarpaAax.
o6T>eAHHeHHH "Khhhchhk" b 1991 rojy.
1917-1922 rr.", Bbmieauiaa b
npoanajiHSHpoBaxb xoa rpaxtnaHCKOH
A.A.KysHeuoB roBopHx: "He nbiTaacb
ee $pohtob, on-
bohhh h aaxb ero oimcaHHe, npHBe^eM xoxa 6w HaHMeHOBaHHe
TIepeHHCJiHB AecaTb cjjpoHTOB, oh nmueT:
peaenaiomHX co6biTHa".
aHBapa 1923 3anaflHHH
"flajibHeBocroHHua 4> P oht (21 Mapxa 1920 r. 24
- r.)...

cbpoHT (8 anpena 1918 r. - 8 anpejia 1924 r.)"-

Boc-
npoxHB Koro h kto co 3fl an 21 Mapxa 1920 ro^a $poht Ha AajibneM
cymecTBOBaHHe 24 aHBapa 1923 roaa? Kto
TOKe, a noroM oh npeKpa-nm cBoe
KOMaHAOBan (JipoHTOM KaK co cropoHbi KpacHbix, TaK h 6ejiHX? Bpaa Ky3He-m
npoaHaniOHpoBaTb xoa rpaac-
uob cnoco6eH otbcthtb, TaK KaK "He nbixaerca
aaHCKOH BOHHbl".
OxAenbHoro
TeHepaji-MaHop ApHCTapx BacMbeBHH 3yeB, KOMaHAHp
b cbohx BOcnoMHHaHHax
OpeH6yprcKoro nonKa, BoeBaBmuft Ha cTopoHe 6ejibtx,
opysKHe. 3aKpbinacb nocneAHaa
nHcaii: "B Hoa6pe nepeuuiH rpaHHuy. CAajra
HHTepHaunoHajiroMOM. Yrce He 6hjio hh OAHoro
CTpaHHUa 6opb6w c KpaCHbiM
6enoro 4>jiara Ha Heo6T.srrHux Pocchhckkx npocTopax".

3Aecb penb i«ex o nooieAHHX Anax fl,anbHe-BocroHHOH

ApMHH b IlpHMo-
HapoAHo-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH flajibHe-BocTOHHOft Pecny6-
pbe, KorAa nacTH
jihkh bm6hhh 6enbix H3 npeAeJioB Pocchh b 1922 roAy.

AHanorHHHo h c 3anaAHbiM 4> P ohtom. Pa3Be b 1924 roAy uuia rpaayjaH-

CKaa BoiiHa b Pocchh? BeAb b Ha3BaHHn cBoefi 6pomiopbi KysHeuoB yK a3biBaeT
1917-1922 rr.!..
mhjijihohob yHHHToacemibix JHOAeH aKO-
flajiee cueAyiOT iiHtfcpbi AecaTKOB
6bi no BHHe KpacHbix co ccbiJiKaMH
Ha ra3eTHbie ny6jiHKamni TaKoro we nouin6a,

a3biBa^acb 3eMCKO» PaTbio.

noc^eflHeM 3Tane BOHKti 6e^aa apMHH H
•
Ha
169
KaK h caMa 6pomiopKa. Ho a 6mji 6m Heo6beKTHBHbiM, ecjiH 6m cxa3aji, hto
KHHMteHKa coBepmeHHO HHKneMHaa. Her, ny6jiHKauHa opaeHOB h Meaajiefl, ko-
TOpWMH HarpaacflajiHCb 6ejiorBapfleficKHe ocjmuepbi h cojiaa™, aBJiaeTca nojio-
>KHTejibHbiM 3JieMeKTOM, KaK h ny6jiHKau,Ha <j)OTorpa4>HH BOKfleft 6antoro abh-
>KeHH«, KOTopbix 6mjio 6bi npaBHHbHee Ha3biBaTb bojkahmh AeMOKpaTHHecKOH
KOHTppeBOJiiouHH. Ohh roBOpHTb He Syfleiu), H, cjie-
boihjih b HCTopHio (o pojiH
AOBaTeJIbHO, He TOJIbKO HCTOpHK BHpaBe 3HaTb O HHX AOCTaTOHHO MHOrO, HT06bI
BbmoCHTb cboh cy>KfleHHa (cyacAeHHH, a He cyp}).
AHanH3 6pouiiopKH noKa3biBaeT, hto He cjiyqaHHO b He« oTcyTCTByiox
nopTpexbr reHepanoB h aTaMaHOB: reHepan-JieHTeHaHTa B.O.Kannejia, reHepaxi-
jieHTeHaHra-r.A.Bep»c6HiiKoro, reHepan-Maiiopa MannaHOBa (hmchho ero Ha-
3biBanH nocneflHHM 6enwM reHepajiOM), ayavraHOB reHepan-neHTeHaHTa
r.M.CeMeHOBa h reHepaji-MaSopa H.IXKajiMMKOBa, KOToptie hmciot oTHOuie-
HHe HenocpeaCTBeHHO k ^ajitHeiny BocTOKy. He noTOMy jih, hto KOMaHAOBaB-
iiihh HHTepBeHiiHOHHCTCKHMH BoficKaMM aMepHKaHeu TpeBC npHpaBHHBaji CeMe-

HOBa "k ySHiiue h pa36oHHHKy KajiMMKOBy... TaM, rae CeMeHOB npHKa3biBaJi

apyrHM yQHBa-rb, KajiMbiKOB y6HBan CBoefi co6cTBeHHOii pyKofi, k b stom 3a-
KiiioHanacbpa3HHua Meacay hhmh".
IlocKonbKy r.M. CeMeHOB 6bm IIoxoahmm aTaMaHOM Bcex flanbHeBO-
ctohhmx Ka3anbHX BoflcK, a TaKHce b cooTBeTCTBHH c nepeflaneii erny BceK nojiHO-
tm BJiacxH A.B.KojmaKOM Ha AaJibHeM Boctokc paccKaaceM o Hein b He6ojibuiOM
onepKe.
IlocTapaeMcs BocnojiHHTb npo6e.ii 3HaHHH y coBpeMeHHHKOB 06 aTaMaHe
TpHropHH MHxaiiJioBHHe CeineHOBe, H36eraa aKueHTHpoBaHHa BHHMaHHa Ha
KpOBOIipOJIHTHJIX. HpH 3TOM HafldOCb, HTO HHTaTeJlb IlOHMeT, nOHeMy B33T0 B
KaBMHKH cjiobo "ceMeHOBUbi" b Ha3saHHH Moeii CTaTbH. Ho CHanaJia CAenaeM
OTcrrynjieHHe, xots oho h csa3aHO b onpeaejieHHoii Mepe c ochobhoh KaHBofi
Moero paccKa3a...
JleTOM 1978 ro,na a nposoAHJi npoBepKy bochhhx noflpa3AeJieHnft Tono-
rpa^HHecKoft cjiyiK6bi h BbinojiHeHHbix hmh Tonorpacj>o-reofle3HHecKHx pa6oT
npH aeMapKauHH rocyAapCTBeHHofi rpaHHUM CCCP c MoHrojibCKOii HapoflHofi
Pecny6nHKofl. B oahh H3 AHeii mm 0Ka3ajiHCb b He6oJibiuoM ceneHHH, 6biBineM
Kapayne KypaH»a flypyjiryeBCKofi craHHUM, rae 13 ceHTa6pa 1890 roaa poflHJica
MaiibHHK, HapenenHMH TpwropHeM (hmh nepeBOAHTca c rpenecKoro KaK
"6oapcTByiomHH, 6AHTenbHMH"), b acnjiax KOTOporo 6e>Kajia cMemaHHaa pyccKO-
MOHronbCKaa KpoBb h b cyab6e KOToporo, HaBepHoe, HeManyio ponb cbirpano
3to 3JioBemee hhcjio, eciiH 6biTb mhcthkom h BepHTb b npo^He 33MMecK0-
pejiHrH03Hbie 6peflHH.
HaM noKa3ajiw aom, rae, no cnoBaM oCBeflOMJieHHbix nroaeii, xhh b aeTCT-
Be h iohocth TpHropHH. Ho 6wn rou y* oneHb noxo^K Ha ranOByio cejibCKyro
uiKony 30-x roaoB. Ham BOflHTejib, paaoBOfi Axmctob, c4>OTorpa<})HpoBajica
okojio 3xoro " HcropHHecKoro" flOMa Ha naMaTb, a ace peuiHJi nopaccnpauiHBaTb
CTaposKHJioB. OKa3ajioct, hto aom, rae whji T.M.CeMeHOB, AaBHMM-aaBHo pa3o-
6pajiH h yBe3JiH H3 KypaHacH, ero Hcnojib30Bajiw npH cnpoHTejibCTBe 3AaHHa bo-

170
 1

CTapyiO UJKOJiy
JIOCTHOH MHJIHUHH. AyMaiO, 1T0 H HbIHe KOe-KTO IlpHHHMaeT
(ecJiH OHa coxpaHHJiacb) 3a poaoBoe rHe3flO CeMeHOBbix. Ho noKa3ajin mhq roraa
"6paTeni>HHK" 6yaywero rposHoro aTaMa-
a0 MHK-pa3Bajiioxy, rae Koraa-To jkhji
(aaace hobbic ohh Bpaa jih Bbirnaae-
H a. % CMOTpen Ha noicocHBiuHeca aomhiiikh
c 3acoxujHMH jreneiiiKaMH KOpoBa-
jih npHBJieKaTenbHMMH), Ha nbuibHyio aopory
He6e, BriHTbiBan b ce6a crenHoe 6e3-
K a, Ha Sejioe cojmue b MyTHOBaTO-rojiy6oM
MOJiBHe, h noneMy-TO BcnoMHHaaHCb >KecTOKHe
3HMHHe BeTpbi c pe3bio b r;ia3ax h
npHBKycoM necKa bo pTy, h a yTBepHtaaaca bo mhchhh, mto tojimco b TaKOH ray-
ujh MOHrojiBCKHx creneii Mor Bbipac™ nejioBeK
h c4>opMHpoBaTbca ero xapaic-
coieTajracb c yaaabio, npeHe6peweHHe k CBoe« w.
T ep, b kotopom acecTOKOCTb
- c mo6oBbio k nomaaaM h CTenHOMy seTpy, HeHaBHCTb k pas-
nyxHM >KM3HaM
BpameHHOCTH rOpOflCKOH XH3HH - C nOHHTaHHeM CTapHHHHX o6paaoB H
jikj6o-

- c HenoHHMaHHeM, hto caMbiM rpa3HHM

BbK) k pasryjiy, wawa cnaBbi h BJiacTH
eMy npeacToano
H a 6ejioM CBeTe asjiaeTca nojiHTHKa, 3ano>KHHK0M KOTOpoft
CTaTb.
c flOMOM mhoio npuBeaeH cneuwajibHO, hto6m nOKa3aTb,
KaK mw
npHMep
BHMbiceji npH nonbiTKe paccKa3arb o atHSHH to-
HepeaKO BHAaeM 3a peaabHOCTb
neaoBeKa. Bot noneMy a 6yay npHaepKHBaTbca xpoHonorHH b
ro hjih HHoro
MopaiiH3HpoBaHHfl.
6Horpa4>HH CeMeHosa h bgcth peib o HeM 6es H3JiHuiHero
1908 r.M.CeMeHOB nocTyriHJi b OpeH6yprcKoe Kasanbe yHH-
OceHbra rofla
okohhhji b 1911. B tot roa yMep ero OTeir MaxaHJi ITeTpOBHH.
jiHme, KOTopoe
nocro-
no MHeHHio HanaJibCTBa, oh 6wji BecbMa ckjiohhmm o^muepoM, h ot Hero
oGbacHajiacb Heao-
aHHo crapajiHCb n36aBHTbCa. CKopee scero, 3Ta ckjiohhoctb
HaTypa CeMeHOBa Tpe6oBajia pa3Maxa.
BOJibCTBOM pyTHHHofi cnyxc6oH, a 6yMHaa
cnycra, y>Ke b 3MnrpauHH, o CeMeHOBe TaK roBopHJi ero
6hb-
MHoro BpeMeHH
KOMaHflHp noJiKa Onio6nHH:* "EMy bcio schshb Besao. Ho oh
rmoxo koh-
ninfl
coneTaHHH xaMCTBOM h mchbo-
hht, noBepbTe MoeMy cnoBy. MaHHa BeiiHHHfl b c
npHHocwm nojibsw. 3to yTBepscaaro a, 6bmuinH ko-
aepcTBOM eme HHKOMy ne
MaHflHp noiiKa, b kotopom cny>KHji CeMeHOB".
YMHTbiBaa xopooiee 3HaHne MOHrojibCKoro a3WKa, CeMeHOBa oTnpaBHJiH
b

YprHHCKyio cothk) ana ynacTHa b BoeHHO-Tonorpa$HHecKHx cteMKax b MoHro-

jihh. 3aecb eiwy BnepBbie yaaaocb
6;iecHyTb, Ha hto cnoco6eH qejioBeic, b hbhx

>KHJiax TeneT MOHrojibCKaa KpoBb. Oh na npaKTHKe noaTBepflHJi, hto BcaaHHKH

h noaBJia-
HHHracxaHa 3a cyTKH mofjih coBepuiaTb 6poCKH ao 500 khjiomctpob
jiHCb coBepmeHHO Heo*HflaHHO b MecTax, rAe hx hhkto He acaajr. B aeKa6pe 191

nacoB CeMeHOB, MeHaa 3aBOflHbix nouiaaeH, npoexaa 350

roaa b TeneHHe 26
BepcT.
MOHrojibCKaa cto-
KcTaTH, npH aewiapKauHH rocy^apcTBeHHOH rpaHHUbi
poHa BbiaeJiHJia HaM 6onee 600 Jiomafleft, kotophmh mm npaKTHnecKH h He boc-
coBeTCKyro TexHHKy, a KOCMa-
noab30BanHCb, npeanoHHTaa BbicoKonpoxoaHMyK)

BepxHeyflHHCKKM no^KOM,
B 1917 roay npoKonHfi nerpoBHM Oi-jio6/ikh KOMaHflosaji 3
"

03epa, n 3B ecTHoro no <5n&neH-

pacnojioxeHHbiM 8 MecxeHKe Tio^bnaiiiaH Ha 6epery VpMHftcKoro
Kyfl a h np K 6BUi CeMeHOB H a aoflXHocri, ko-
ckhm BpCMGHaM nott naaeaHHCM TeHHcapeTCKoro,
MaHiiHpa cothk. 171
 Hac Bceraa Bbi3biBajiH HHTepec: Hey^e^H xaKHe
Tbie HH3icopocjibie JioinaflKH y
cymecTBa o6ycnoBJiHBann Heno6e/mMocn> kohhhuw apeBHHX mohtojiob?
Ho b MoHronHH r.M.CeMeHOB npo6bm Heaonro. 3a caMoynpaBCTBO h jih-
xohmctbo o6opoTHcroro Ka3aKa B 48 Mac ob BbiflBopmiH 3a npe^ejibi Mohi-ojihh.
CaM CeMeHOB Ha hma KOMaHflOBaHHs rmcaji: "AflMHHHCTpauHH ^aHU3HHCKoro
6aHKa crajio H3BecTHO o roTOBameMca KHTafinaMH orpa6jieHMH, k OHa o6paTH-
jiacb ko MHe c HHJKaHuiefi npocb6ofi orpaflHTb ot 6aHflHT0B. 3a sto npefljioxnjia
5000 jiaH (cepe6paHaa aeHeatHaa e,n.HHHua. - r.JJ.), nerbipe nyjia Haio h jxecmh
6hkob. OTKa3aTbc» He cmcji, a&6u coGjiiocth mccthmh o6biqaH..."
Ilocjie KOMaHflHpOBKH r.M.CeMeHOB paccopMJica c KOManzuipoM noma.
Ero npHKOMaHflHpOBaJTH ko 2 3a6afiKajibCKOH Ka3a4beH 6aTapee, a ftotom k 1
HHTHHCKOMy nojiKy, b kotopom oh npo6bui 9 MecaueB. CeMeHOB peinHH 6pocHTL
cjiy>K6y b 3a6afiKajibCK0H Ka3anbeH 6pHraae h nepeBecracb b YccypHHCKyio 6pn-
rafly. B Hefl b aHBape 1914 rom oh 6bm npnH5iT b 1-h HepHHHCKHii noiiK 3a6aft-
KajTbCKoro Ka3anbero BoiicKa, KBapTHpoBaBiHHH Ha craHU.Hn TpofleKOBO. 3aecb
ero Ha3HaHHHH HanajibHHKOM yie6H0H KOMaHflw.
XoTenocb 6bi o6paTHTb BHiiManne, hto cnymda. b pa3JiHHHbix 4acrax h Ha
pa3JTHHHbIX flOJDKHOCTaX, KaK HpaBHJIO, nOMOraeT COBepuieHCTBOBaHHK) 3HaHHH,
HaKonneHHM pa3Hoo6pa3Horo ontrra. TaK hto nepeSpocKH 3th CeMeHOBy ihjih
Ha nojib3y.
BcnwxHyBuiaH 19 Hiona 1914 roaa nepBaa MHpoBaa BOHHa npeaonpeaejiH-
na 6oeByio cyflb6y CeMeHOBa. C HepMHHCKHM nojiKOM oh ySbrn Ha cj)poHT. 11
H0a6pa 9 14 roaa YccypHHCKaa 6pwrafla nonajia b Tpy^Hoe nanoweHHe. YjiaHH
1

IlpyccKoro nojiKa 3axBaTHJiH 3HaMa 1 HepHHHCKOro noma, 0603 h 24 3apaflHbix

amHKa. CjiyHHJiocb TaK, hto CeMeHOB c aeaaTbio Ka3anaMH B03Bpamajica pa3- m
BeflKH h pa3i>e3A HaTKHynca Ha npyccKHii 3CKa,npOH. flecaTb pyccKHX Ka3aKOB He-
o>KHflaHHo SpocHJiHCb b aTaKy h o6paTHJiH ynaH b 6ercTBO. 3HaMa 6biJio ot6hto.
3a 3tot no^BHr r.M.CeMeHOB 6mji HarpaacfleH opaeHOM CBaToro BejiHKOMyie-
HHKa h Ilo6eflOHOcua TeoprHa 4 creneHH. 3tot opaeH flaBaji npaBO Ha ncrroMCT-
BeHHOe flBOpaHCTBO.
2 aeKaSpa c oflHHHafluaTbw Ka3aKaMH oh chsji 3acTasy SaBapCKofi nexo rw
h 3axBaTHH B rureH 65 HcrroseK. 3a 3TO eMy 6bino BpyneHO TeoprHeBCKoe opyacHe.
Ilocjie aecaTHMecaHHoro npe6biBaHna b rioiibme YccypHHCKyio KOHHyio
6pHra^y nepe6pocHJiH Ha 3anaflHbiH (JjpoHT no« ^bhhck, a 3aTeM noa Pnry. B
1916 rony 6pnraay nepe6pocmiH Ha Abctphhckhh $poHT, rae OHa ynacrBOBajia
b HepHOBHUKOM npopbiBe h Ha6erax Ha BeHrpwio. B KapnaTax r.M.CeMeHOB bo
maBe 40 Ka3aK0B o6opoHSJi ymenbe b aojiHHy >KynaHHH. nocjie Bbixoaa H3 Kap-
nax CeMeHOB nepeBejica noa KOMaHAOBaHHe BapaTOBa b 3 BepxHey^HHCKHH
nonK, KOTopbiK 6bm HanpaBjieH noxo^HbiM nopstflKOM b MeconoTaMCKyio aojih-
Hy k Moccyny.
TaK b xoae bohhh CeMeHOB no3HaKOMHJica c EBponoft w Bjih>khhm Boc-
TOKOM.

172
 B Haiajie 1917 rom hojik 6mji Ha fypome b IlepcHH b cocTaBe xaK Ha3M-
paeMoro ypMHHCicoro oxpasa (no Ha3BaHHK> MecreHKa YpMiae). B stot nepHoa
noAbecayJi CeiweHOB Hcnonro BbinojiHSJi poJib KOMaHAHpa nojiica .

cpeBpanbCKaa peBOJitouHH b Pocchh BHecna pa36poA h maxaHne b apMeft-

cKHe qacra. B Mae ecayn CeMeHOB HanHcan KepeHCKOMy rracbMo c kphthkoh
Mep
yroBapHBaHHa conflaTCKOii h Ka3aHbefi Maccw, npeAJioKHJi co3AaBaxb HauHo-
HaxtbHbie (JopMHpoBaHHH h xoflaTaficTBOBaji o pa3peuieHHH eMy c<i>opMHpoBaxb
M0Hr0JlO-6ypHTCKHH nonK.
B HeKOTOpbix HCTOHHHKax yica3biBaexca, hto b 3tot nepnoA CeiieHOB oiy-
xchji b KHiuHHeBe. Haflo noiiaraTb, hxo aonyCKaexcs nexoHHocxb.
B KOHue Hioua KOMaHflnpy nojiKa 6buio npeflracaHo KOMaHflHpoBaxb Ce-
MeHOBa b 3a6afiKanbe ana <J)opMHpoBaHHa HaunoHajibHbix Hacxeii H3 HHopoAueB.
Oh 3aexan b nexporpaa, rae 6jih3Ko comejica c npeaceaaxeneM BcepoccHHCKofl
peBOJIIOUHOHHOH KOMHCCHH no <J)OpMHpOBaHMKP flo6pOBOJlbHeCKHX apMHH nOJI-
kobhhkom MypaBbeBbiM. C MaHaaxoM BOeHHoro KOMHccapa BpeMeHHoro npa-
BHTeJibCTBar.M.CeMeHOB 5 aBrycra 1917 roaa npaobiji b Hirry, rae npHHaa yna-
CTHe b pa6oTe BoflcKOBoro Kpyra 3a6aHicajibCKoro Ka3aHbero BOHCKa KaK bm-
6opHbiH npeacxaBHxenb 3anaaHoro (ppoHxa, xots TaKOBbiM He asnajica. Ha Kpy-
re npH3biB&n k BeaeHHio bohhh, ho Ha 4>poHX oh Sojibiue He nonan, npeanoHHxaa
ocTaTbca b 3a6aiiKajibe.
OKTa6pbCKaa peBOJiiou.ua b Ilexporpaae BHecna KoppeKTHBbi b nnaHbi Ce-
MeHOBa. Ho CKOJib inano oh yaejiaji BHHMaHHa 4>opMHpoBaHHio csoero nojixa,
cBHAeTeJibCTByioT HHacecjieAyromHe UH<|)pbi.K 12 aeica6pa 1917 roaa y ecayna
CeMeHOBa 6mjio b CTpoio MoHroao-6ypaxcKoro noma 9 otjwuepoB, 35 Ka3aKOB-
,Ho6poBOJibueB h 40 6ypax. HxaK, Bcero 85 MenoBeK BMecxe c CeMeHOBbiM! nom?!
H nexbipe c khujhhm Mecaua (J)opMMpoBaHna npH HajiHHHH eiojihomohhh npaBH-
xenbcxBa?!
Hoa6pa b r.BepXHeyaHHCKe (yjiaH-Yfl3) npoH30iujio KpoBaBoe cxojik-
12
HOBeHHe MeKfly AByiwa aecaxicaMH ceMeHOBueB h peBOJHOUHOHHO HacxpoeHHMMH
cojiaaxaMH MecxHoro rapKireoHa c noxepHMH y o6ewx cxopoH.
BHorpa(J)W h anoaorexbi CeMeHOBa cHHxaiox, hxo 3xo 6bmo nepeoe (xo
ecxb Hanajio) BOOpyaceHHoe BbicrymieHHe KOHXppeBOJirouHH npoxHB CoBexoB.
IlocKonbKy c aBrycxa CeMeHOB 6bin b 3a6aflKanbe, xo He coBceM noHaxHO
yxBepacaeHHe T.A.3axapOBa b ero cxaxbe "AxaMaH CeMeHOB. B3nnaa ckbo3b ro-
Abi" (ra3exa "Xa6apoBCK. E>iceHeaejibHoe o$03peHHe"), hxo "BnepBbie b HcxopHio
ecayn CeMeHOB BOiuen b 1917 roay, Koraa nocne oKxa6pbCKoro nepeBopoxa c
noMombK) KypcaHXOB asyx BoeHHbix ymmm
oh aoiraeH 6bin 3axBaxnxb TaBpH-
HecKHii ABopeu h apecxoBaxb hjichob nexporpaacKoro CoBexa bo rjiaBe c JleHH-
hhm".
CaMonexbi xoraa He nexajiH, h aoKyMeHxoB, hxo CeMeHOB H3 3a6aHKanba
cneuHajibHO e3AHJi b Ilexporpafl, hxo6h 3aayniHXb OKxa6pbCKyio peBoniouHio b

*
BpeMGHHo KOMaHHOBaji no^KOM c 10 4>eBpanJi no 20 MapTa 1917 roaa.
173
3apoflbiine, MHe bhhctb He aoBoanjiocb. A hctophk, b nepByio onepeab, o6a3aH
OTTaJIKHBaTbCa OT flOKyMeHTOB.
nocKOJibKy 14 Hoa6pa 1917 roaa b 1 Mac 15 MHHyT ana 6biJio noztnHcaHO
nepeMHpwe c hcmluimh, <£pohth crajiH pacnaaaTbca. CojiaaTbi v. Ka3aKH xjibiny-
jih no flOMaM. H3 B03BpamaiomeHca c (Jipom-a yccypHHCKoft jhbh3hh k CeMeHO-

By noiujJH 6ojiee 100 o<i>nuepoB h Ka3aKOB. IIonHTKa 3axBaTHTb h yHHTro>KHTb

CoBflen B ropoae HHTe y CeMeHOBa nposajwaacb.
C 10 aHBaps 1918 roaa H3 Tan Ha3biBaeMoro MoHroao-6ypaTCKoro nojiKa
Hanaji pa3BepTWBaTbca OcoQmh MaHtH)KypcKHH oTpaa (OMO). Ho <})opMHpo-
Bajica oh BHe npeaenoB Pocchh h k anpenio 1918 roaa BKjnonaji: 1 Ccmchobckhh
nonK h 2 MaHb4JKypcKnft nonK, b KaacaoM no 2 SaxajibOHa h no 8 nyaeMeroB;
KOHHyio Spnraay b cocraBe 1 MoHrojio-6ypaTCKoro h 2 jJaypcKoro nojiKOB no 4
cothh b KajKaoM h no 6 nyneMCTOB; ase cepScKne po™; ase o$nu,epcKHe poTbi.
rio3flHee KOHHaa 6pHraaa h o<|)Hu,epCKHe poxw Gwjih npeo6pa30BaHbi b chctcmc
bohck aTaMaHa CeMeHOBa.
HMenacb b OTpaae h aprHnnepna: 6aTapea H3 aByx TaaceJibix opyaHH
"ApncaKa", jxse 4-opyannHbie noneBbie 6arapeH "ApncaKa", ase ropHbie 6aTa-
pen no 4 opyana "ApncaKa", ropHaa 6axapea H3 4 4>paHuy3CKHx opyanii TaKHM
o6pa30M, Bcero 2 Ta>Kejibix opyana, 8 noneBbix m 12 ropHbix.
TexHHiecKHe nacTH BKjnoHajm b ce6a 4 6poHenoe3aa (b 1919 roay 6brjio
flo6aBJieHo eme 8 6poHenoe3aoB)*; 1 6poHeaBTOMo6wib <J>npMbi "Mapc" h 15
rpy30BHKOB c nynenieTaMH. Ecjih 6aTbKO MaxHO ycTaHaBJiHBaji nyneMeTbi Ha
KOHHbie noB03KH, H3o6peTa TanaHKy, to Ccmchob, xora h 6bui Ka3aKOM, c no-
Mombio HHocTpaHHwx HHCTpyKTopoB 6bicTpo noHan npeHMymecTBa tcxhhkh h
ncnonb30BaHHa aBTOMo6njien.
Bo BcnoMorarentHbie nacra bxobhjih HHaceHepHaa poTa h KopeftcKaa po-
Ta.
Hac, b nepByio oiepeab, HHTepecyeT HauHonanbHbiH cocTaB "ceMeHOBueB"
b OMO, nocKOJibKy a B3aji Ha ce6a o6a3aHHOCTb paccKa3aTb o "ceMeHOBiiax".
MHOCTpaHuaMH b OMO
6wjih: 6apryTbi (n3 BMyTpeHHefi Mohtojihh - Kh-
Taii) - OKono 250 nenoBeK; xapaseHbi (Monronw) - okoho 800 nejiOBeic (2-S koh-
HWft flaypcKHii nonK); KHTaHUbi - 6aTanbOH okoho 400 ^eaoBeK; Kopefiubi - oko-
jio 100 nenoBeK; cep6bi - neuiHft 6aTajibOH b 1 CeMeHOBCKOM nojixy (noTOM 6mji

npeo6pa30BaH b kohhuh) - okojio 400 hcjiobck; 6enbrHHUbi - 4 HHCTpyKTopa Ha

SpoHerexHHKe.
13 MapTa 1918 roaa b OMO BCTynnriH aHrjinftcKHH cepacaHT h 8 4>paHiry3-
ckhx yHTep-o(j)HuepoB, Bee 6buiH HHCTpyKTopaMH apTHJiJiepHH (no3AHee, ctojik-
HyBuiHCb c pe3Heft, hhhhmoh ceMeHOBuaMH, ohh yuuiH H3 oTpaaa).
B tot ace aeHb b OTpaa bmcctc c ap™imepneH npn6buia nepBaa napraa
anoHueB b cocTaBe 4 ocj)HnepoB h 7 coraaT. BTopaa napraa anoHueB b cocTaBe
400 nenoBeK npH6yaeT k CeMeHOBy b Hiojie 1918 roaa. Ohh 6hot HaBep6oBaHbi

"
B 1920 roay y CeMeHOBa yxe 6bwa 6poHeBasi «hbm3mji Tpex6pnraflHoro cocTaBa, Bcero 18

6poHenoe3AOB.
174
rocnoaaMH Ceo 3fixapo m Ahwho. Bee 3th anoHuw cjiyacurra He xojibico araxa-
uhohhbim MaxepnajiOM, cHMBOJiH3HpyromMM, hxo Ha noMomb CeMeHOBy HAeT
Bca
28 anoHCKHii SaxajibOH cnac oxpaA CeMe-
ilnoHcicaa apMna, ho h peajibHO Hiojia

Hosa ot nojiHoro pa3rpoMa n yHnnxoweHna KpacHbiMH. EaxanbOH

npUKpun ox-
noJiocy KB5KA- Ha AxaMaHOBCKoft conKe anoHUbi axaKOBajiH
xoa ceMeHOBueB b
KpacHbix, B3S1J1H conicy, 3axBaxnJin xpocfren, ho h caMH noHeaiH noxepn no 20% b
BaTajibOHOM KOMaHAOBaji Mafiop TaKeaa. 3a xox 6ofi oh 6hji
jihhhom cocxaBe.
cxeneHH. He 6yaeM
Harpa>KfleH pyccKHM opfleHOM Cb. Teopraa IIo6eAOHOCu.a 4
HMnepHH.
3a6biBaxb o cxaxyce sxoro Bbicuiero BoeHHoro opAeHa Pocckhckoh
r.M.CeineHOB Kan 6bi B03Beji snoHCKoro Maftopa b poccHHCKoe abopahcxbo.
CxaxHCTHKa - Bejinicaa HayKa. Mxaic, npHBeAeHHbie UH<j>pbi cBHAexeJibcx-
cocxaBJiajin HHocxpaHUbi, He
syiox, hxo 6onee 50% "ceMeHOBueB" b xox nepHOA
roBopa yxce o 6ypaxax, Ha6paHHbix Ha xeppnxopHH Pocchh.
Pa3yMeexca, o nojiHXHHecKHX B3rnaAax sxhx HaeMHHKOB He cneAyex oco6o
pacnpocxpaHJixbca.
Ho, KaK bhahm, 3a nexbipe Mecaua, KorAa CeMeHOB Hanan cfiopMHpoBaxb
KOHxppeBOJiiouHOHHwe nacxH Ha anoHCKHe AeHbra, oh AocxHr MHOroKpaxHO
6oJibinero, neM npn BbinonHeHHH KOMHCcapcKHX
o6a3aHHOcxeH BpeMeHHoro
npaBHxejibexBa. A AeHer anoHuw He acanejiH. EweMecanHO ohh oxnycK ajiH Ha co-
AepxaHHe nacxeii CeMeHOBa okojio 300 xwcan 3ojioxmx hch h okojio 15 man Ha
HeoSxoAHMoe BoopyweHHe, 6oenpnnacw h
coAepacaHHe mxa6a. nocxaBJiajin
HanBHMMH, hxo anoHUbi Bee 3xo AenajiH
cHapaaceHHe. Ho He 6yaeM noJiaraa,

6ecKopwcrHo hjih H3 coo6paJKeHHM jik>6bh k pyccKOMy HapoAy- Hxo6bi 6w;ia

hxo ueca-
noHaxHa ncxnHHaa cxonMocxb HeHbi b xe BpeMeHa, modkho HanoMHHXb,
phkujh
peBHH HHKOJian 6wn paHeH noJiHueftcKHM U.yaa CaHA3o b ropoAe Ony, h
hochjtkh c HHKOJiaeM, 3a
KnxaraHXH HxMxapo h MyKOxaxa fl,3Hca6ypo, Hecuiwe
npaBHxenbcxBa eweroAHbie neHCKH
3amwxy uecapeBHia nonynmiH ox anoHCKoro
no 36 HeH, caM we HwKonaH Ha3HaHnn hm esceroAHbie neHCHM no 1000
neH.
CeMeHOB, caM xoro He 3aMenaa, cxaji npw-
nojiynaa AeHbra ox anOHLteB,
cjiywHHKOM anoHCKoro KOMaHAOBaHHH, opyAHeM npOBeAeHHa anoHCKon nojin-

thkh b 3a6aHKani.e, a no3AHee h no sceMy flajibHeMy BocxOKy.

no3AHee oh noHan, hxo xojibKO onopa Ha anoHCKHe hitmkh cnoco6Ha
opn-
o6ecneHHXb eMy BJiacxb b 3a6aflKajibe, h CBaxo 6yAex npHAepacnBaxbca sxoii
eHxau.HH.
npoxHB CeMeHOBa b nepByio onepeAb Bbicxynnjio 3a6aflKajibCKoe Ka3ane-

cxbo, 6biBinHe $pohxobhkh. Hx-xo o6MaHyxb

AemeBbiMH no3yHraMH 6hjio Hejib-

3a.
H3 MHoroHHCJieHHoM nnxepaxypbi o rpaxAaHCKoft BoiiHe umpoKO H3Becx-
JIa3o, ho Majio kxo
ho, hxo (fcpoHXOM KpacHbix KOMaHAOBaJi npanopmHK Ceprefi
npoxHB HexocnosaKOB
3Haex 06 oahom h3 BMAaroinnxca opraHH3axopoB 6opb6bi
AneKcaHApe AjieKcaHApoBHne, noxoM-
h CeMeHOBa, reHepan-nefixeHaHxe Tay6e
cxBeHHOM ABopaHHHe, 6apoHe, 3aMyneHHOM 6enorBapAeMuaMH b aHBape 1919
xiopbMe, a xanwe o xom, hxo oaho BpeMa HanajibHH-
roAa b eicaxepHH6yprcKOH
nepeSeacaBiiiHH
kom ^aypcKoro 4>poHxa y KpacHbix 6wji noJiKOBHHK MaKJiaKOB,
 KOMaHflOBan
noTOM k 6ejibiM, h hto y 6e:ibix Oco6wm MaHbH5KypcicnM OTpaflOM
He caM r.M.CeMeHOB, a THp6ax...
OTcry-
HTaK, nepBoe HacrynjieHHe "ceMeHOBueB" OKa3anocb HeyaaiHWM.
ce6a KaK jwnjiOMaT. Oh 06-
nHB b npeflejibi KB5KA, CeMeHOB snepBbie npoaBHJi
craHUHio MaHbHacypna, h Te,
MaHyn KHTaSueB, hto KpacHbie xoTaT 3axBaraTb
HMeBumeca b tom
HanyraHHbie sthm coo6meHMeM, nepe^aroT noa ero Hanano
BBOfla KpacHbix bohck b nojiocy
pafloHeKHTaftcKHe qacra, hto6h He flonycrarb
peopraHH3aunH h OTflbixa
KB)KA, xoxa OHa 6bina b ropHCflHKiuw Pocchh. nocjie
ceMeHOBCKMe nacre H3 Xafijiapa pewoM. HanpaBJiaioTca b 3a6aHKajibe. CeMeHOBy

npoflBHraTbca BflOJib xejie3HOH nopom, nocKOJibicy k 3T0My Bpe-

jierKO yjjaeTca
BbicTytuieHHe nexo-
MeHH noJiHTHMecKaa h B oeHHaa CHTyauna pe3KO H3MeHHJiacb.
cjiOBauKoro Kopnyca no seen TpaHcc H 6HpcKofi
MaracrpanH 0 6ycjioBHJio
paccTaHOBKy chji. H3BecrHo,
BcnbiuiKy rpaacaaHCKOH bohhm b Pocchh, h3mchhjio
MopaJibHo h Ma-
hto r.M.CeMeHOB nepes noflnoJiKOBHHKa A.A.KpaKOBeuKoro*
ropoaa Hp-
TepHanbHO noflaepacHBafl npoTHBOKOMMyHHCTHHecKHe opraHHsauHH
KyTCKa. (Mo>KeT 6wTb, 3flecb Kpoexca pa3ra,mca, noneMy
A A.KpaicoBeuKHH, cTaB
BOHCKaMH b IlpHMopbe, 5 anpena
b 1920 rofly KOMaHflyiowHM peBOJirouHOHHWMH
conpoxHBJieHHa anoHuaM h caa-
1920 roaa OTflan soficKaM npHKa3 He OKa3WBaTb
cBoeo6pa3Hbifl 6jiHu-KpHr, kotophh
Ban. opyncHe, hto h o6ecneHHJto anoHuaM
Ha3HBaK)T "co6biTH3MH 4-5 anpejia".)
pyccKHe hctophkh CTbiflnHBO
1918 roAa ceMeHOBCKHe nacxH boiiijih b conpHKOCHOBemie c
1 ceHTa6pa

BOHCKaMH BpeMeHHoro npaBHTenbCTBa Ch6hph.

pyKOBOAnrejia boo-
rioHKMaa, ito 3BaHHe ecayna He oneHb noaxoflHT juw
npH6nnHceHHbre CeMeHOBa 3 ceHTa6pa Ha
pyaceHHbix oTpajioB KOHTppeBoniouHH,
komhcchkv HasoBeM ee cocTaB, hto6h hx
craHUHH Eopsa cosflann cneiwajibHyio
HMeHa boiiijih b HCTopHio: 3a HanajibHHKa urra6a OMO" - hojikobhhk Orno6-
a6)KeHHa itojikobhhk A^aHacteB, o6ep-
jihh, rnaBHbm HanajibHHK CH -

KBaprapMeHcrep noawcayji CepreeB, aeacypHHH 0 <t»mep uiTa6a OMO bohcko-

BocicpeceHCKHH, ko-
boh CTapuiHHa Bepnro, HanajibHHK apTHJiJiepHH K annTaH
MeHflaHT IUTa6-KBapTHpM HOJIKOBHHK CeBaCTbaHOB,
KOMaHOTp 1 apTHJinepHH-
CKOrO flHBH3H0Ha nOOTIOJIKOBHHK MBaHHIUeB,
nOMOIUHHK o6ep-KBapTHp-
o cjiy>K6e ecayna
MeHCTepa ecayn MyHrajioB. KoMHccna paccMOTpejia Bonpoc
T.M. CeMeHOBa.
CeMeHO-
Komhcchb npHuina k BHsoay, hto no HMeromHMca AOKyMeHTaM
nens h Ha ocnoBaHHH nonoHcenHH npnicasa no Bo-
bwm BbinojmeH KOManaHMH
eHHOMy BeaoMCTBy Ne 681 ero mo>kho cnHTaTb
bohckobwm cTapniHHOH c 15
Komhcch* npocmia
Mapxa 1917 roaa, a b hhhc nomcoBHHKa - c 16 Maa 1918 roaa.
CeMeHOBa cnHTaTb ce6a TaKOBbiM.

nOflnOJIKOBHHK A.A.Kpa K oBeu,KHft

SHTH COBCTM H K B TOflbl TpaXaaHCKOft BO&Hbl
•
flpblft
o^p^mai b KanecTBe coseTCKoro wiuiOMara, B flon^noc™ KOHcy^a CCCP b
BnocjtcJiCTBHH

"
hIZ— OMO 6bW nojiKOBHHK HauBajioB, QnAn B P e« 6 HHo *cno»w
JlOJlXHOCTb.
176
 o6pa30M nocTynaiOT h coBpeMeHHbie Ka3aKH. He HyacHO
rioflo6Hi.iM
yqHTbca b BoeHHbix ynnnHmax, oicaHHHBaTb BoeHHMe aKaaeMHH. co6panacb Kyn-
Ka b TpH flecanca HeJiOBeK - h nocTaHOBHJiH: cHHTarb TaKoro-TO hojikobhhkom, a
TaKoro-To - ecayjioM. Ho Beab 3to Meroa pa36oiiHHHbHX maeK... 3HaioweMy hc-
TopHio Ka3anecTBa aojijkho 6biTb h3bcctho, hto Ka3aKH-nepBonpoxozmH 6wnn
"rocyaapeBbiMH jnoabMH", h TOJibKO c caHKUHH Tocyflapji npHCBaHBajiHCb hm
3BaHHJi. Aaw:e neuiHM Ka3aKOM Hejib3a 6bmo cTaTb, nona He ocso6oflHTca MecTO,
Tax KaK Ka3aKy HaflJiesKano BbiiuiaHHBaTb aeHOiCHoe coaepnaHHe h xne6Hoe s.o-
BOJibCTBHe. A b nocjieayiomeM, nepea peBOJHOimeH, bohhckhc 3BaHna npHCBaH-
BanHCb Ka3aKaM npaBHTejibCTBOM...
"JJfiHb BnaAHBocTOKa" 15 aBrycia 1918 rozia ony6jiHKOBana cBeaernia o
npHKa3e reHepan-Jieih-eHaHTa XopBaTa, KOTOpbiM r.M.CeMeHOB 3a oTJiHHHa b
6oax npoH3BOjHJica b hojikobhhkh, ho no 3aHHMaeMofi aojratHocTH nepeHMeHO-
BbiBanca b 3aypaa-reHepan-MaHopbi.
B ceHTa6pe 1918 roaa r.M.CeMeHOB nojryHHJi aojiacHOCTb KOManaHpa 5-ro
npnaMypcKoro Kopnyca, <J>opMnpoBaHne KOToporo 6wjio onpeaejieHO b HHTe.
Oco6bifi MaHbqacypcKHH OTpaa (OMO) 6wn coxpaHeH b Kopnyce b BH/je
cTpenKOBOH 6pHraflH, KaBanepHHCKoii 6pnraflW, 6pnraabi apTHiuiepHH, 6pHraati
6poHenoe3flOB h cneunajibHtix KOMawi (hmchho 3th KOMamibi H3BecrHM cbohmh
3BepcTBaMH, a He 6oeBbie noApa3aeJieHHa, xoTa naTHo jioacMJiocb Ha Bcex) npw
IllTa6e c pa3BepTbiBaHHeM b paiioHe CTaHUHH MaKKaseeBO 3a6aHKanbCKOH ace-
ne3HOH flopora.
B 0KTs6pe AMypcKoe h YccypHHCKoe Ka3anecTB0 Ha bohckobmx Kpyrax
H36pajiH CeMeHOBa noxoflHMM aTawcaHOM. Hepe3 HeKOTopoe BpeMa 3a6aMKanb-
ckhh BoficKOBOH Kpyr H36pan TpHropHH MHxaKjiOBHHa cbohm Bohckobwm h
noxoflHbiM aTaMaHOM. CraHHUM CpeTeHCKaa h 5lHra*HHCKaa, KpoMe -roro, H3-
6paJiH ero"noneTHbrM crapHKOM".
c 3Toro BpeMeHH 6yflex npaBHJibHbiM Ha3biBaTb CeMeHOBa
TojibKO
"araMaHOM", xora h H36Hpajica oh He 6oJibuiHHCTBOM 3a6aiiKaJibCKHx h aanbHe-
BOCTOHHblX Ka3aKOB.
CjieayeT cKa3aTb, hto k 3T0My BpeMeHH Ka3anecTBo 3a6aHKanba, AMyp-
ckoh o6jiacrn h npHMopba pacKOJiojiocb na asa HenpHMHpHMbix Jiarepa. npn
3TOM SojibuiHHCTBO yccypHHCKHx Ka3aK0B Ha BoflcKOBOM CT>e3,ne 20.02.1920 r.
npHHHJio pemeHHe 06 OTKa3e cHHTaTb ce6a Ka3aKaMH. H nponcxoflHJio sto pac-
Ka3aHHBaHHe He penpeccHBHHM mctoaom, a aoopoBonbHO. nojiaraio, HHTepeceH
h Tascofi cJjaKT. 3a roflbi nepBoK mhpoboh h Pocchhckom TpasaaHCKOH bohh b
3a6aiiKaJibe 6bi.no c<popMnpoBaHO 28 Ka3aHbHx nojiKOB. TaK y»c noJiyiHnocb, hto
14 H3 hhx crajiH "6enbiMH", a 14 - "icpacHbiMH". HcropHKH 6enofi SMHrpauHH
npH3HaBanH, hto b 6ejibix nojixax 6tuio no 400-500 nejiOBeic, a b Kpacnbix - no
1000. TaKHM o6pa30M, 3a6aHKajibCKoe Ka3anecTB0 b cbocm 6ojibniHHCTBe 6mjio
3a 6oJibiueBHKOB. H CKa3KH T.A.3axapoBa, hto k aHBapio 1919 ro«a b cobctckoh
POCCHH 6bIHO yHHHTOaceHO OKOJIO 1,5 MHJIJIHOHa Ka3aKOB, MO)KHO JIHUIb 3a yuiH
npHTanyTb k 3a6afiKajibK> h AaJ">HeMy BocroKy. Mwkho 6bino 6h cKa3aTb: "fla
npocTHT ero Tocnoflb Bor 3a HeKOMneTeHTHOCTb!", ho cjihuikom 3JiOHaMepeHHbi
177
12. 3i« MM
 h Eeayr ohh ne k B03P o>KAe-
noflo6Hbie HSMbiuuieHna KysHeuoBHX, 3axapoBbix,
3Tane pacKOJionocb
hhk) KasaMecTBa (KOTopoe Ha onpeaeJieHHOM HcropHHecKOM
npuHHHbi), a k Bbi3biBa-
H a "6ejibix" h "KpacHbix", h TOMy 6mjih B ecbMa BecKHe
hhk) nyBCTBa 3jio6w y onpeaeJieHHoro Kpyra jihu, mmo
pasenpaioumxca b hcto-
OTBenaeT hx MnpoB033peHHio.
pHH hjih acejiaiomnx 3HaTb TOJibKO to, hto
YccypHfi-
TaKHM o6pa30M, 6onbUinHCTBO 3a6aHKajibCKoro, AMypcKoro h
a Hao6opOT aKTHBHO, c opy*neM B
CKoro KasanecTBa He 6biJio "ceMeHOBuaMH",
-

cTaHHUbi h npaBO acHTb no cBoeMy ycMOTpeHHW, a

pynax sammuajio cboh AOMa,
He no yKa3Ke Tex, kto CToan 3a chhhoh CeMeHOBa.
Ka3aHecTBO
npaKTHHecKH see 6ejio3MnrpaHTCKMe H3jaHHH oTMenaiOT, hto
*e aTaMana
flanbHeBOCTOMHoe He noAAepacano 6ejioe AsuaceHHe. Hto
KacaeTca
nepHOA ero npeSbi-
KajiMbiKOBa, BcnjibiBiuero Ha B epx b CMyTHoe BpeMa, to Becb
BaHHM b aTaniaHax YccypHiicKoe K a3aHecrBo b CBoefi Macce
6bmo o6onbmeBHHe-
6bma TOMy npHHHHofi, a pea-
ho, h He arHTauHH B.H.JleHHHa h ero copaTHHKOB
BTopaceHHe HHOcTpaHHoro KanHTana,
jihh noBceflHeBHOii WH3HH h noBceMecraoe
-
caMOcosHaHHe h npemipHHHMaTejibCTBO,
flyuiHBiiiero pyccKoe HaimoHajibHoe
npoMbiiujieHHHKOB h Bnaaejib-
aocTaTOHHO npoa HajiH3Hpo B aTb cocTas KynuoB,
Hmchho KasaKH b nacrax KajiMbiKOBa soccTajiH npoTHB
ueB P bi6ajiOK no Axiypy.
ero 3jioynoTpe6jieHHfi.
BajnoT-
B Hame BpeMa nponcxoflHT aHanorHHHbifi npouecc HHOCTpaHHoft
nyBCTBO BosMymeHH* b
hoh HHTepBeHUHH, KOTopaa BbObisaeT cnpaBefljiHBoe
MHornx poccmiH, ho rjiy6nHa h uejra 3Toro npouecca noKa eme no-
c03HaHHH
b 6yAymeM.
HHTHbi He BceM. FIocMOTpHM, bo hto 3to BMJibeTca
B pa3JiHHHbix HCTopHHeCKHX BOcnOMHHaHHHX Jiio6aT OTMenaTb (|)aKT Heace-
"
jiaHHa r.M.CeMeHOBa npn3HaTb B epxoBHonpaBHTenbCTBo" A.B. KonnaKa.
npoTHBoaeiicTBHe Kojinaicy BbmHnocb, b nepByio onepeAb, b to, hto "ceMe-
"
HOBUbi" He 6biJin oTnpaBneHH Ha $poHT, a npeanoHJiH
H aBOAHTb nopaflOK" b
cjio^HJiacb h b 1921
rjiy6oKOM TbiJiy. H, K aK hh crpaHHO, aHanoraHHaa cHTyauna
Kopnyca) noA pyKOBO-
roay, Korfl a nacTb flanbHe-BocTOHHOH ApMHH (3-h
h 2-vi

ena $pOHTajibHyK> 6opb6y c HapoA-

flCTBOM reHepaJi-Maflopa B.M.MoJinaHOBa B
PecnySjiHKH. "CeMeHOBnbi"
HO-peBoniouHOHHOH apMHeK JJajibHe-BocroHHOH
6mjio sHaHHTenbHo jierne
OCTajiHCb B TbiJiy, b npHMopbe. 3a uiTHKaMH anoHueB
pwcKarb no cejiaM
H3o6pa«aTb H3 ce6a HAeiiHbix npoTHBHHKOB 6ojibineBH3Ma h
"KpacHyio
H CTaHHUaM pOAHOH CTOpOHKH, BblHCKHBaa, KaK OHH
BbipaJKaJIHCb,
o6HBajiHCb o6paTHoro 3^4)eKTa, h
sapasy", ho npn stom cbohmh 6ecHHHCTBaMH a
cbohx auiHTHHKOB. HcTopmo
HapoA uieji k KpacHbiM napTHsaHaM, BHfl a b hhx 3
ee TaKOH, Kanaa oHa
He H3MeHHUib h He nepennmeuib Ha6ejio, 6yAeM npHHHMaTb
eCTb, B 3TOM BHCU1HH CMblCJl cnpaBeAJIHBOCTH.
a A.B.KojinaKOM
nocjie jiHKBHAauHH KOHcjjJiHKTa Mewfly r.M.CeMeHOBbiM
noxoAHoro
c noMOWbio renepana BojiKOBa CeMeHOB 6biJi yTBepacaen b 3BaHHH
KasanbHX bohck, HasHaneH noMomHHKOM KOMaH-
aTaMaHa AajibHeBocTOHHbix
npaBaMH BoeHHoro ry-
Aysomero BOflcKaMH npHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro oxpyra c
reHepan-JieftTeHaHTbi.
6epHaTOpa 3a6aiiKanbCK0H oSnacra h npowiBeAeH b

178
 aeKa6ps 1918 roaa b reaTpe b ropoae Hme Ha Hero 6hjio coBepmeHO
19
noKyuieHHe. B noacy 6mjth 6poineHbi ABe 6om6m (rpaHaTbi), H3 kotopmx nepsaa
He B3opBajiacb, a ocKOJiKaMH BTopofl aTaMaH 6mji paHeH b o6e pyKH h Horn. Em-
jih paHeHH eme HecKOJibico HenoBeK, b tom hhcjtc h ABe xeHiuHHbi. noKyuieHHe

6bmo opraHH30BaHo hhthhckhm acHTeneM, ae3epTHpoM 31-ro crpejiKosoro non-

Ka HapHCOM (oh ace BepeH6ayM).
B 1919 roay co6biTwa Ha KonnaKOBCKOM (JjpoHTe pa3BHBajiHCb He6naro-
npH»THo ana 6em>ix. B nepByio onepeflb, 3to 6mjk> o6ycjioBJieHO repoHnecKoii
6opb6ofi KpacHbix, a BO-BTopux - tcm, hto KonnaK 6hji no cyro ocraBJieH cboh-
MH C0K>3HHKaMH, B HaCTHOCTH HexaMH, Ha np0H3BOJI Cyflb6bl. HeXH 6pOCHJIH
4>p0HT c HcenaHHeM yexaTb Ha poAHHy. Hanajiocb OTcrynjieHHe Ha boctok. ripw
oTCTynneHHH H3 OincKa 1 Apmhs 6ejibix noA HoBOHHKOJiaeBCKOM (Hoboch-
Shpck) Boccrana h He xoTejia nponycTHTb 2 ApMwo flanbiue b rny6b Ch6hph.
Ylon Jio3yHroM 'TpaacaaHCKHH mhp bo hto 6m to hh crano" 3ApaBOMbicnamHe
jiioah xoTejiH npenpaTHTb BOHHy.
4 HHBapa 1920 roaa aAMHpan A.B.KojinaK noanHcan yica3 o nepeflane Bceft
nOJIHOTbl BJiaCTH Ha TeppHTOpHH pOCCHHCKOH BoCTOHHOH OKpaHHbl aTaMaHy Ce-
MeHOBy. Ootokohhs 3Toro yKa3a HanenaTaHa b KHHre Bc.JI.CepreeBa "OnepicH
no HCTopHH Bejioro xsmKeimn. Ha flajibHeM Boctokc" (H3A. Xap6nH, 1937 r.).
riojiaraioT, hto rpa^HHH JIaHCKaa AOCTaBmia yxa3 b HHTy.
A 20 aHBapa KofinaK 6hji nepe^aH ero C0K)3HHKaMH b pyKH KpacHbix.
CnHTaeTca, hto ponb rnaBHoro npeaaTeJia cbirpan 4>paHny3CKHfi reHepan )Ka-
HeH. B stoh CBa3H xoTejiocb 6bi npHBecTH cjioBa A.A. <Jioh JIaMne m
ero craTbH
"IlpHHHHbi HeyaanH BoopyaceHHoro BbicrynjieHHa 6ejibix": "IlojiHTHKa
"cokohhkob" 6bina HMeHHO ceoeKOpbtcmuou: km 6bma HyxcHa npoTHBorepMan-
cxaa Poccna; a noTOM... eCTb ocHOBaHHa npeanonaraTb, hto ohh npoAonacann
"noflaepacKy" jnnub b CHJiy roro, hto poccuucKOH Hepaidepuxa 6btna npocmo sw-
zodna dm hux..."
A.H.XleHHKHH b cBoeii CTaTbe "Kto cnac CoBercKyro BJiacTb ot ra6ejiH"
HanpaMyio o6BHHaer nojibmy, hto oHa He 3axoTe;ia BMecTe c hhm oaHOBpeMeHHo
yaapHTb no cobctckhm BOHCKaM.
Haaeiocb, BbiCKa3biBaHna CTOJib aBTopHTeTHbix aHTHKOMMyHHCTOB no-
cjiyacaT CBoeo6pa3HMM npeaynpe^fleHHeM HOBOaBJieHHbiM "6ejibiM", AeJiaiomHM
CTaBKy Ha HHOCTpaHHyjo "noMomb" b BHAe BaniOTHOH HHTepBemiHH. QraBica Ha
3aMopcKoro aaak> Bceraa 6yaeT npowrpaHa.
TaKHM o6pa3oin (B03Bpamaacb k o6T>eKTy Haineii cTaTbH - CeMeHOBy),
rpHAnaTHJieTHHH Ka3aK H3 KypaH>KH b HHHe reHepaji-JieiiTeHaHTa B3nereji Ha bm-
coTy, HaKOTOpow Morjia 3aKpy>KHTbca He TOJibKo Ka3auKaa roJiOBa.
TeM speMeHeM Cn6HpcKaa 6ejiaa apMHa Taana. rioa KpacHoapcKOM nacTH
reHepana 3HHeBMHa nepeuinn Ha CTopoHy KpacHbix. 22 aHBapa reHepan-
JieHTenaHT B.O.Kannejib, ko MaHAOBaBuiHW oTCTynarouiHMH 6ejiHMH nacTHMH,
noanHcan npHKa3 o nepeaane KOMaHflOBaHHa reHepany BoflnexOBCKOMy. OcTaT-
kh pa36HTOii apMHH, npoflenaB Bcjihkhh JleaoBbiH noxoa, b (})eBpajie h Hanane
MapTa HaKOHen aoSpanHCb no 3a6aftKajiba b KOJiHHecTBe okojio 30 tmcsh. Ohh
hochjih hmji "KannejieBueB" b Hecn. yMepmero 26 aHBapa Ha pa31.e3.ne Ypefi cbo-

ero Boama.
TaK 6enwe bohhh h 6e>KeHUH bjihjihcj> b paflbi "ceMeHOBueB". Ho He Bee

6yayT eniy cnyacHTb Bepoft h npaBAofl no KOHua 6enoH snoneH.

KoMaHnoBaBiuHH OTpaflOM 6ejibix, Koxopfaie oTcrynajiM ceBepHbiM nyTeiw,
no EHHceio, JleHe h nepe3 xpe6Tbi npea6aHKajiba c JieaoBOH nepenpaBOH nepe3
O3epo Eaiucaji, reHepaji-Mafiop H.T.CyKHH, npoaHaJiH3HpOBaB noJiHTHHecKyio
cnTyau.HK) b crpaHe, nepeuieji Ha CTopoHy KpacHbix. TpascAaHCKafl BoftHa TeM h
CTpauiHa, hto enepa jikdot ejiH H3 o^Horo KOTejiKa, a Ha3aBTpa cmotpht apyr
Ha
apyra nepe3 npHuen bhhtobkh, hhctb Heft npaBbix h BHHOBaTbix, TaK KaK Ka>K-

Aaa crropoHa ciHTaeT ce6a a6cojiK>THo npaBOH...

Ho ecTb b rpaxflaHCKHX BoiiHax oiwa oco6eHHOCTb: tot, kto HiueT noino-
mH y HHOCTpaHHbix BOJiOHTepoB, b KOHeHHOM HTore o6peneH Ha nopaaceHHe, h
o6"b9CHaerca 3to BecbMa npocro: ayx HaunoHanbHoro caMoco3HaHHa
cwibHee
nio6oro opy>KHa.
KanneneBUH BJiwiHCb b BOOpyaceHHbie cmjih 6enbix b 3a6aHKajibe, ho
"ceMeHOBuaMH" He crann. CeMeHOB KOManaHpaM KopnycoB B.M.MonnaHOBy h
H.C.CMOJiHHy npucBOHJi 3BaHHa reHepaji-JieiiTeHaHTOB, ho Te, noflnepKHBaa He-
npH3HaHHe BJiacTH aTaMaHa, OTKa3ajracb ot stoto npoK3B0flCTBa, Koraa Kanne-
jieBUM nepe6panHCb b npHMopbe.
B anpene-Mae 1920 roaa Hacra KpacHofi ApMHH b Jinue 1-m HpKyTCKOfl
AHBH3HH, nepenaHHOH b cocraB Hapo,HHO-peBOjnouHOHHo& apMHH ^BP, nop,
ko-

MaHflOBaHHeM B.H.EypoBa (b nocjieayromeM oh 6yner BoeHHbiM mhhhctpom

,HBP h HeKOTopoe BpeMa BbinoJinaTb o6a3aHHOCTH TnaBKOMa
HPA h <E>JioTa)
nwTajiHCb OBnaflen. Hhtoh, ho He cmohih 3Toro caenaTb, TaK KaK Ha noacTynax
nacraMH anoHCKofl apMHH. Bbh3m-
k Hme 6buiH ocraHOBJieHM peryjiapHMMH
BaTbca b BOHHy c flnoHHefi CoBeTCKoe npaBHTejibCTBO He xcenajio, xoth h noa
BHflOM flajibHe-BocTOHHOfl Pecny6nHKH, ho mmcjib o jiHKBHaanHH nocjieflHero

6acTHOHa 6ejibix Ha RanhKeM BocTOKe Ha ocTaBJiana mockobckhx h flaiibHeBO-

croHHbix 6ojibiueBHKOB, TaK KaK k 3TOMy BpeMeHH b FIpHMopbe h no AMypy OHH
y>Ke ojsepHcajiH no6ejry.
nOA BHflOM nOBCTaHHeCKHX OTpaflOB HaCTH HapOAHO-peBOJlIOUHOHHOfl
apMHH HaHOCHUH yaapw no ceMeHOBCKHM h anoncKHM BoiicKaM. Hojihthhcckhm
nyTeM y«ajiocb flo6HTbca BbiBOfla anoHCKHX qacrreH H3 3a6aiiKajiba, sto cpa3y ace
npeaonpeflejiHJio nopaaceHHe T.M.CeMeHOBa. 22 0KTa6pa KpaCHbie B35MH Hvny, a
3aTeM BbiniH6jiH 6ejibix 3a rpaHHuy. KHTafiubi corjiacmracb BnycTHTb BoficKa
CeMeHOBa b nojiocy K8XR h flaace nepe6pocHTb BOHCKa no 3toh 5Kene3Hoft ao-
pore b npHMopbe, Kyaa ohh crpeMHJiHCb, nojiaraa, hto TaM cjmSoe
bjihhhhc

6oJibmeBHKOBj h ero mojkho 6y«eT Hcnonb30BaTb b KaqecTBe 6yaymero nnau-

aapMa ana pa3BepTbiBaHHa 6opb6w npOTHB 6oJibuieBH3Ma.

B HHUHKape reHepaji-JiefiTeHaHT TpHropHH A^aHacbeBHH Bep»6HUKHH,

KOMaHAOBaBUiHH b tot nepHOfl Bbiuien K3 noflHHHeHHa
KannejieBuaMH,
r.M.CeMeHOBa h OTflan npHKa3 251, b kotopom o6i,aBHJi BOHHy c 6ojibine-

180
BH3M0M 3aK0HHeHHofl, a apMHio nepeBen Ha TpyaoBoe ycTpoiicTBO, xoth h co-
xpaHHJi HCTKyK) BoeHHyio CTpyKTypy.
Hto KacaeTca r.M.CeMeHOBa, to erne b OKTa6pe oh y3Haji o 3aroBope
JKe

reHepaJiOB CyKHHa, FlyHKOBa, CaxapoBa npOTHB Hero, KOToptie HaMepeBaJiHCb

apecroBaTb aTaiwaHa. Uoa oxpaHoii anoHueB 5 ,n,eKa6pa oh npH6bin bo BjiaaHBO-
CTOK.
M3 KanneiieBueB Ha CTopoHe CeiueHOBa ocrajiacb tojimco 6biBinaa ,uhbh3hh
reHepaji-neiiTeHaHTa KncjiHiiMHa, BCKope pacnaBiuaaca. riepe6pouieHHi>ie no
KBlkjS, b llpHMopbe ceMeHOBUbi h Kannenesubi pa3MecrHJiHCb b Pa3jj.0JibH0M,
HHKOJibCKe-yccypHHCKOM, LUkotobo h TpoAeKOBO. Pa3pHB Meatfly flByMS BOeH-
hwmh rpynnnpoBKaMH Bee HapacTaji. CeMeHoaubi pa3MecrajiHCb b oTaenbHOM
TpoaeKOBCKOM paSoHe, caM *e CeMeHOB KaK rjiaBHOKOMaHjiyioiuHH bccmh boo-
py>KeHHbIMH CHJiaMH H IlOXOflHMH ATaMaH BCex Ka3aHbHX BOHCK pOCCHHCKOH
Boctohhoh OKpaHHbi o6ocHOBajiCH b IlopT-ApType, rae h 6mji hm H3^aH 1 aHBa-
pa npHKa3 JNe 1 o paccjjopMnpoBaHHH CTaBKH. B cootbctctbhh c npHKa30M Ce-

MCHOBa HanajibHHKOM lOacHO-YccypHHCKoro paiioHa (rponeKOBCKoro) reHepaji-

MaftopoM CaBenbeBbiM 6wn oT^aH npHKa3 Me 1 3 ot 26 HHBapa o npeo6pa30BaHHH
h nepe(J)opMHpoBaHHH HacTeft, ocraBinHxca BepHbiMH CeineHOBy. Run HcropHKa
Sy^eT HHTepecHHM y3HaTb cocraB sthx MacTefi h hx KOMaiwipoB, TaK KaK paHee
3th cBeaeHHfl HHrae He ny6jiHKOBajiHCb. K TOMy ace 3a6aHKajibCKHe Ka3aKH, ot-
CTynHBinne b KirraH h oceBimie b Meamypenbe, "ceMeHOBuaMH" y*e He MOraa
CHHTaTbCa B CBA3H C 0TKa3OM OT Boopy>KeHHOH 6opb6bi.
TeHepaji CaBejibeB o6pa30Ban: uiTa6 pafloHa - iiojikobhhk FlaBJioB,
ynpaBJieHHe HHTeHflaHTa - noflnojiKOBHHK Paii6ep, ynpaBJieHHe KOMeHflaHTa h
HananbHHKa rapHH30Ha TpofleKOBo - reHepau-Maiiop IIpoBaxeHCKHH, BoeHHo-
caHHTapHaa Hacn> - reHepaji-Maiiop Copokobhkob, K0HTppa3Be;ibiBaTejibHbiH
nyHKT - raapiWH iiojtkobhhk Thmc, BoeHHO-OKpyjKHoft cyjx - reHepaji-Mairop Ey-
JiaTOBHI, rnaBHblH BOeHHO-IlOJieBOH KOHTpOJIb - BeJITHCTOB.
Ehjih C(j)opMnpoBaHM: OxaejibHaa KaBajiepnftcKaa 6pnrafla (reHepaji-
neHTeHaHT HeiaeB) b cocTaBe CBOflHoro KaBajiepHHCKoro nojiKa, OTflejibHoro
aTaivtaHa CeMeHOBa kohhoto jj.HBH3H0Ha, OxitejibHoro apTHJiJiepHHCKoro 3CKa,a-

poHa; OrAeJibHaa CBOflHaa Ka3anba 6pHraaa (reHepan-Mafiop IlaHOB) b cocTaBe

OpeH6yprcKoro ica3aHbero nonKa, CH6HpcKO-EHHceiicKoro Ka3aibero nonKa,
OxaenbHoro nnacTyHCKoro 6aTajibOHa, OTflejibHOH apTHJiJiepHHCKoii cothh; Ot-
aejibHaa 3a6aftKajibCKaa Ka3anba 6pHrana (reHepaji-jieiiTeHaHT ApTaMOHOB) b
cocTaBe 1 3a6aMKajibCKoro Ka3anbero nonna (iiojikobhhk CopoKHH), 2 3a6afi-
KajibCKoro Ka3anbero nonKa (iiojikobhhk BayjiHH), OntejrbHOH nJiacryHCKoii
COTHH (nOJIKOBHHK JIo6aHOB), OTfleJIbHOH 3a6aHKaJIbCK0M apTHJIJiepHHCKOfi COT-
HH.
H3 cocraBa KannejieBueB k FpojieKOBCKOH rpynnHpOBKe npHMKHyna 1

CTpeiiKOBaa 6pHra,na noanojiKOBHHKa TiiyflKHHa* b cocraBe ErepCKoro nonKa,

'
DrynKHH 6bui 8 cBoe Bpenoi npomBefleH CeiweKOBbiM B reHepui-Maiiopb!, ho oTKa3ajica ot
jibyx 3BaHMii, KaneB nojuiojiKOBHHim noroHti, kskmc oh hocmji, cjiyaca y KojwaKa.
181
YpajibCKoro noma, 1 flo6poBOJibHecKoro nonna, KpacHoy<J>HMCKoro KOHKoro
flHBH3HOHa, KaMCKOrO KOHHOrO flHBH3HOHa.
3-h crpeJiKOBMH
2-h cTpenKOBfaift Kopnyc reHepaji-Maiiopa CMOJiHHa h
reHepaji-Mafiopa MoJwaHOBa Tax xe, KaK a paa mcjikhx qacreH,
npn3Ha-
Kopnyc
BajiH JiHuib npnKa3H reHepan-JieftTeHaHTa BepxcSHUKoro.
ro-
Crapaacb KaK-To BbmejiHTb cbohx CTapbix copaTHHKOB, 9 anpcrca 1921
3HaKa Oco6o-
m r.M.CeMeHOB maasi npHKas N<> 45 06 ynpexyieHHH HarpyflHoro
yKa3MBaeT Bpeiua noaB-
ro MaHbHxypcKoro OTpaaa (AA.Ky3HeuoB ouih6ohho
xreHna 3Haica 1920 r.). B naparpaipe 2
- CKa3aHo: "3HaK ynpe»cflaeTca o6whh, KaK
h nponnx HacTeft Moero OTpaaa a cocto-
pjin r.r. oipnuepoB, TaK h ana coJiaaT ...

ht H3 cepe6p«Horo hjih nocepe6peHHoro AByrjiaBoro oKCHOTpoBaHHoro opjia,

cHMBOJiH3npyiomero co6oh rocynapcreo Pocchhckoc B Jianax opjia

n3BHBaio-

maaca 3Meji b 3HaK Toro, hto TocynapcTBO PoccuftcKoe b cBoe BpeMa TaKace pa3-
open He-
aaBHT rnflpy aHapxHH h 6onbineBH3Ma, KaK open aaBHT 3Meio, Ha rpyzm
WHT C HHHIWaJiaMH: "A.C.", CfleJiaHHblH H3 30JI0Ta HJIH
6p0H3M H
CCT XCeJTTMH
CHMBOJiH3HpyromnH "O.M.O.". M3-3a opjia - Bocxonamee conHue, y K a3biBaiomee:
1) Ha nepBOHanajibHyK) noMomb,
OKa3aHHyro mhc b flene 6opb6bi c 6oJibiueBHKa-
mh flnoHHeH h Ha to, hto cnaceHHe Pocchh npHfleT c BocroKa, co crenea 3a-
2)
6afiKajn>Ji h conOK FtpHMopba.Ha conHue OKCHflHpoBaHHbie jiHTepbi "O.M.O.".
ripHBefleHHbiH b 6poimope AA.Ky3Heu.0Ba 3HaK oTJiHHaexca ot onwcaHHa
b npHKa3e TeM, hto 6yKBbi OMO pa3Me«eHbi Ha mwTe, a HHHiyiajibi "A.C." - Ha
BoexonameM cojiHue; KpoMe Toro, Ha stom 3HaKe Ha Kpwnbax pa3MemeHa aaTa:
"19" "17" (1917 r.). K flBanuaTHJieTHio o6pa30BaHHa OMO 6mji BbinymeH io6h-
jiefiHbiH 3HaK, oxjiH^aBiiiHHca ot paHee cosaaHHoro TeM,
hto noa nanaMH opna
HaxoflHnca ihht KpacHO-cHHe-6enoro «BeTa, Ha kotopom pHMCKHe uh^ph "XX"
cojiHua c "1937". ConeTaHHe Tpex
h BHOBb H3o6pa3KeHHe Bocxoaamero flaToft

BOCXOflfllUHM COJIHUeM flOJTJKHO 6bmO CHMB0JIH3HpOBaTb C0IO3 POCCHH H

UBeTOB C
Aiiohhh B 6opb6e c 6onbmeBH3MOM.
26 Maa 1921 roaa nocne cBepaceHHa npo6ojibineBHCTCKoro
npaBHTenbCTBa
npHiimo npaBH-
BacHJina TpHropbeBHia Ahtohob3 bo BjiaflHBOCTOKe k BJiacTH
b cocraBe npeaccaaTena
TenbCTBo npeflCTaBHTejieii 6yp5Kya3Hbix naprafi
CA-MepKyjioBa h hjichob - H-A-MepKyjiOBa, E.M.AanepcoHa, H.H.EpeMeeBa,
A.C.MaKapeBHMa.
B caMOM Haiane o6pa30BaHHa hoboh BJiacra T.M.CeMeHOB Ha napoxoae
"KHoao-Mapy" npH6bm H3 JInoHHH bo BjiaflHBocTOK. Ha 6opTy Kpeficepa
cocToanocb
"JleHTeHaHT flbiobiMOB" 8 HK>Ha 1921 roaa b 6yxxe 3ojiotoh Por
Ha BepxoBHyio
cBHflaHHe Mexcay aTaiviaHOM CeMeHOBHM, npercHflOBaBiiiHM
npaBHTejibCTBa
BJiacTb, h npeacTaBHTejieM BpeMeHHoro ripaaMypcKoro
C.fl. MepKynoBMM b npucyTCTBHH
reHepanoB Knepxe, JIe6eaeBa h aejieraTa ot
(a KaK xe 6e3
HacejieHHa LIlapa6ypHHa, a TaKwe anoHCKoro KOMaHflOBaHHH
C.fl.MepKynos OTKa3ajica nepeaaTb BJiacTb CeMeHOBy, w. TOMy HHiero He
hhx?).
ocraBaJiocb, KaK yexaTb b TpoaeKOBO k BepHbiM eMy HacraM bo rnaBe c reHepaji-

MafiopoM H.H.CaBenbeBbiM.

182
 B 3tot xe aeKb noaBHJica npHKa3 IpoAeKOBCKOH rpynne bohck Ms 010, ko-
HcxopHH.
TOpuft no npo^xeHHH Ha^neacajio cxent, ho oh Bee ace coxpaHHnca mix
B HeM roBOpHJiocb, hxo b pafioHe BepxHero AMypa reHepan-Maiiop CwneB
M3 nepemejuiiHX Ha ero cropoHy KpacHbix h noBcxaHneCKHX
otphaob ccjiopMHpo-
Ban oxpaA HHcneHHOCTbK) okojio 2000 HenoBeK npH oahoh 6aTapee
jieMeHxapHaa jio»u>, hxo6m noaaepacaTb ayx 6ohuob, kotopmx co6HpaitHCb
(3
HapoaHO-peBOJHOHHOHHOH apMHH). JJajiee roBopmiocb, hto
6pocHTb npoTHB
aTaMaH CewieHOB, "aa6w B3siTb HHHUHaTHBy b cboh pyKH", npHKa3an rpoaeKOB-
ckoh rpynne bohck HanaTb aKTHBHoe ABHaceHHe b HanpaBJieHHH
HMaH-
nocxaBJieHHOii
Xa6ap0BCK. Bo KcnojmeHne 3Toro npHKa3a h Ana BbinojmeHHH
3aaaqH 6buio co3AaHO xpn oTpaAa:
1. BjiaflHBOCTOKCKHH OTpaA hoa
KOMaHflOBaHHeM reHepajia Tjie6oBa b co-
craBe:
a) OTflejibHoro cboahoto cTpenKOBoro nojnca, OTpaAa IlaTHaiiiBHJiH h
Cep6cKOH pOTbi;
6) 1 3a6aHKaxtbCKoro Ka3aibero nojuca;
b) CH6HpcKoro KaaaHbero nojiKa;

r) (fcjIOTHJIHH (CH6HpCKaH (fcjlOTHJIHa (}>aKTHHeCKH He nOflHHHHJiaCb

T.M.CeMeHOBy. - r.JI ).
2. AeftcTByiomHH Xa6apoBCKH« oxpaA
hoa KOMaHAOBaHHeM renepan-
jiettxeHaHxa Henaesa b cocraBe:
a) KaBanepHiicKOM 6pHra«bi;
6) CrpejiKOBofi 6pnraAbi;
1

b) 2 CTpejiKOBofl 6pHraabi;
r) CBOflHo-Ka3anbero noJiKa;
A) 2 3a6aHKa«bCKoro
Ka3anbero nonKa.
3. rpoaeKOBCKHH oxpsiA hoa KOMaHAOBaHHeM reHepan-Mafiopa EopoAHHa
b cocTaBe:
a) OTAenbHOro EHHceitCKoro AHBH3HOHa;
6) yccypHHCKHX, 3a6afiKajibCKHx
h cn6npcKHX Ka3anbHx nacrea.
TeHepajiy HenaeBy npeACToajio nepBbiM HanaTb BWABHraxbca Ha hcxoahmc
py6exH, BopoAHHy o6ecnenHTb TbiJibi, a rjie6oBy, ocxaBaacb bo
HaAJieacajio

BjiaAHBOCTOKe, npoAOJiacaTb BbinojiHeHHe oco6o nocxaBneHHOH 3aaaHH.

He hc-
KjnoneHO, hto 3TOH 3aAaneH 6wna HeHxpanH3auHa KanneneBueB.
hto
Bopb6a MesKAy ceMeHOBuaMH w. KanneneBuaMH 6bina cTonb ocrpofl,
KOMaHAHp 1 CTpejiKOBofi 6pnraAbi noAHOJiKOBHHK n.ETjiyAKHH 6bm
apecTOBaH,
TiopeMHoro saKJironeHHa, ho 3a npe*HHe sacjiyra ocbo6ox-
ocyxAeH Ha 4 roAa
AeH. ripHHHHOH apecxa nocjiyacHJi nepexoA
IXEXnyAKHHa co cBoea 6pnraAOH b
jiarepb ceMeHOBueB h 0TKa3 BbicTynHTb wia BeAeHHa 6opb6bi nporaB napTH3aH b
pafiOHe o3epa XaHKa no npHKa3y KanneneBCKoro KOMaHAOBaHKa.
3Ta rnyxaa
npH pasopyaceHHH
6opb6a npoAOJiaxanacb, h nonxH nepe3 toa, 2 HioHa 1922 roAa,
2 YpajibCKoro h 3 Erepcxoro nonKOB
ri-ETnyAKHH h KOMaHAHp 2 YpajibCKoro
noma iiojikobhhk B.BXaMnep 6mjih y6HTw KanneneBuaMH no npHKa3y reHepa-
Jia CMOHHHa.
183
 3xy 6opb6y cxpeMHJiHCb Hcnonb30BaTb b cbohx uejiax SojibmeBHKH. B
craH KanneneBueB BecHoii h oceHbio 1921 ro.ua nocbuianca Smbiuhh iiojikobhhk
n.A.JIyuKOB, nocKOJitKy oh jihhho 3Han MHorax m KOManaoBaHHa KanneneBueB
no cjiy>K6e b apMHH KojiHaica. IleperoBopH He yBeHHajincb ycnexoM...
FIpHKa3 JV° 010 ot 8 HKwa TaK h He 6hji BbinonHeH h He BBeaeH b AeftcxBHe.
OieAyex aca3axb, hto 6opt6a MeacAy ceMeHOBuaMH h KannejieBuaMH B03-
HHioia Ha noHBe aroHCTHHecKHx ycxpeMJieHHft, a He H3 nojiHXHiecKHX hjih rocy-
flapcrBeHHbrx cooGpaaceHHii. Pa3yMeeTca, OHa 6buia bo BpeA o6meiviy 6enoMy
ABHHCeHHK), HO aBJiajiaCb, 6e3yCJ10BHO, JIOrH'ieCKHM CJieACTBHeM pa3BHTHH co6w-
thh. CeMeHOB y>Ke AOCxaxoHHO CKOMnpoMexHpoBan ce6a b rna3ax He xojibKO ua-
ceneHHH 3a6aHKanba h npHMopba, ho h mhpobom o6mecTBeHHOCXH.
Bhah HeH36e>KHocTb ocxaBJieHHSi ripHMOpba, anoHUbi cxpeMHJiHCb npo-
Aepacaxbca KaK moscho aojibine, h, nepeopHeHTHpOBaBtUHCb b Bbi6ope Jmaepa,
ohh BoopyjKHUH KanneneBueB, noAxoriKHyB hx BHOBb k 6paxoy6HHcxBeHHOH
BOHHC
13 ceHxa6pa 1921 roAa T.M.CeMeHOB y6bui H3 IIpHMopba, hto6m Hairra
noAAepxcKy y HHocTpaHHbix rocyAapcra ajih npoAOJiaceHHH 6opb6u, a Moxcex
6biTb TonbKo caejiaTb bha, hto aKTHBHo 6opercfl npoTHB 6onbmeBHKOB, h xeM
caMWM Ao6biBaTb aeHbrn ana cBoero 6e36eAHoro cymecxBOBaHHa. Oh y6bin h
Sojibuie He noaBJianca Ha poahoh 3eMJie, KOTOpaa oiropraa ero, noKa oh He 6mji
apecrroBaH 22 aBrycra 1945 roAa b ropoAe /JanbHeM cobctckhmh bohckhmh c ero
6JiHacaHiHHMH cnoABHJKHHKaMH reHepajioM HenaeBbiM - HanajibHUKOM 6eno-
3MHrpaHTCKoro 6iopo, ToKMaKOBWM - 6biBiiiHM KOMeHAaHTOM ropOAa Hhth,
reHepanoM XaHHCHHbiM - 6biBiuHM KOMaHAyioiuHM 3anaAHOH apMHeft h Bochhhm
mhhhctpom y KomaKa, h ero AaAefi, KoxopbiH b 1919-1920 roAax KOMaHAOBan 1
3a6aHKanbCK0fl xaBAHBH3neH. 30 aBrycra 1946 roAa T.M.CeMeHOB 6hji Ka3HeH
3a npecTynneHHa nepeA CoBexCKOii BnacTbio, Koxopyro HHKorAa He npH3HaBaji.
JXjih 6ojiee noJiHOH xapaKTepHCTHKH, a TOHHee - AJia 6oJiee nojiHOH hh-
c))opMauHn o CeMeHOBe, cneAyex CKa3aTb, hto Aenan oh h nonwxKH 3anrpbiBaxb c
AeMOKpaTaMH.
Bbuia b ero AeaTejibHocTH h nonbrnca B03poaHXb HMnepnio MoHrojiOB,
pa3yMeeTca, c hhm bo rnaBe, ho 3XO Bbi3Bajio HeyAOBOJibcxBHe y ero xo3aeB -
anoHueB. Bhahmo, no npHMepy CeMeHOBa, Mbiaib o B03rjiaBJieHHH MOHronbCKo-
ro HapoAa noaBHnacb y KoinaHAHpa A3HaxcKOH kohhoh ahbh3hh 6apoHa
P.O.yHrepH-IIlTepH6epra, KoxopbiH 3aHan Ypry (Hbme YjiaH-Eaxop) h, Ha6paB
b cboh OTpaA MOHroJibCKHX BcaAHHKOB, nonbiTajica HaMecTH yAap Ha BepxHe-
yAHHCK, HO 6bIJI pa36HT MaCTSMH KpaCHOH ApMHH npH MHHHMaJIbHOM ynacTHH

HapOAHO-peBOJHOUHOHHOH apMHH flBP.

Ilocne y6biTH« CeMenoBa ra npHMopba b ceHxa6pe 1921 roAa reHepaji-
neiiTeHaHT Bep»c6HAKHH nocxapajica nOAiHHHTb ce6e ceMeHOBueB, hsas-b npHKa3
o nepec|)opMHpOBaHHax, o6beAHHHB Bee Ka3a«ibH nacTH b 1-fl CBOAHo-Ka3aHHH
Kopnyc noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM reHepana BacHJiHa ApHcxapxoBHna BopoAHHa, ho
Kopnyc 3xot npaKXHiecKH ocxanca Ha 6yMare, xaK kAk 3a6aitKaJibCKaa Ka3anba
AHBH3Ha noA KOMaHAOBaHHeM reHepana Ca6eeBa He 3axoTejia b Hero BXOAHXb.
184
IlpH rpOMKOM H33B3.HHH HHBH3HH 6bIJI0 BCerO OKOJIO 1000 Ca6ejlb. CH6HpCKHe,
B
EHHceftcKHe, OpeH6yprcKHe Ka3aKH ncaiHHUJiHCb npm<a3y Bep:»c6HUKoro
h Ta-
khm o6pa30M npaKTHMecKH nepecranH 6biTb ceMeHOBuaMH.
Bo BpeMH TaK Ha3biBaeMoro Xa6apoBCKoro noxoaa 3a6aHKantcKHH Ka3a-
qHM nojiK (200 ca6ejib, 4 nyjieiueTa), AMypcKHH KaBanepHHCKHH 3hbh3Hoh (150
ca6enb, 2 nyjievieTa, opyAwe) h YccypHHCKHM Ka3aHHfl ahbh3hoh* (200 nejioBeK,
1

(oh ace
2 nyjieMera) bouijih b napTH3aHCKyro rpynny nojiKOBHHKa fl.O.KapJiosa
Hjibkob), aeHCTBOBaBuiyio b Tbinax HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHOH apMHH, hto ot-

chum KpacHbix fljia o6opoHbi Tbina.

BJieKJio 3Ha4HTejibHbie
nopajKeHHH b Xa6apoBCKOM noxofle h npeo6pa30BaHH3 J\asihnC'
Ilocjie
Boctohhoh ApMHH reHepajiOM ^HTepHxcoM b 3eMCKyio PaTb Ka3aKH 6hjih pa3-
6hth Ha flBe rpynnw: CH6HpcKyio Ka3aHbK) rpynny reHepaji-Maiiopa
B.A.EopoflHHa, b KOTopyio bouijih Ch6hpckhc, Ehhcchckhc h OpeH6yprcKHe
KasaKH, o6meft HHCJieHHocrbio 588 uithkob, 545 ca6ejib, 8 nyjieMeroB, 4
opyawa
b ko-
h flajibHeBocToqHyio Ka3aqbK> rpynny reHepaJi-jieiiTeHaHTa <t>.JI.rjie6oBa,
Topyio bouijih 3a6aHKanbCKHe KasaicH, AMypcicaa h HpKyracaa jxpyscHHW h naa-
6pHraaw nojiKOBHHKa Ey&BHaa o6meH hhcjichhoctbio okojio
cTyHM 6biBtiiea
1800 uiTbiKOB h ca6enb, 10 nyneMeTOB h 3 opyflHfi.
Bcero ace b 3eMCKOH Para nepea nocjieaHHMH 6oaMH c yneTOM OT/jejibHbix

qacTeH h TexHMHecKHx bohck 6hjio 6325 uiTbiKOB, 1622 ca6JiH, 77 nyjieMeTOB, 24

Pasy-
opy^Hfl. H3 hhx Ha 4 6poHenoe3aax - 700 iutmkob, 21 nyneMer, 8 opyflHH.
MeeTca, TaKHe chjim 6mjih He b cocroaHHK nporaBOCToaTb y»e xopomo yicoM-
B KOTOpyK)
IIJieKTOBaHHOH H OCHaiueHHOH HapOAHO-peBOJIIOUHOHHOH apMHH,
nofl BHflOM 3a6afiKajibCKOHahbh3hh BJiHJiacb 104 crpejncoBaa Spwrw KpacHofl
Apmhk, npeaBapHTenbHO pa3BepHyraa ao uiTaTOB jj,hbh3hh, h flanbHeBocroiHaa
OTjejibHaa KaBajiepHHCicaa 6pnraAa, o6pa30BaHHaa H3 flByx nonicoB 5
Ky6aH-
CocTaBJiaBiuaa
ckoh KaBajiepHficKOH ahbh3hh h 3 3a6aHKanbCKoro KaBnojiKa.
ocHOBy HPA 2 npHaMypcKaa flHBH3Ha b tot momcht HacHHTbiBana 29029 nejio-
BeK. B 1 3a6aHKajibCKoK ahbh3hh
- 8598 nejioBeic, b ^ajibHeBocTOHHoii OT/iejib-

- 2545 HejioBeK. B Tbiny KpacHbie HMejm 36 crpejiKOByio ahbh-

hoK KaB6pHraAe
3hk>. no opy/waM h nyneMeTaM HPA npeBOcxoflHJia
6enbix MHorOKparao. Co-

oTHouieHHe chji m cpeacTB noKa3MBaeT, >rro 6ejibie 6mjih o6peqeHW Ha nopaace-

hhc He roBopa yac o Bceo6m,eM HacTpoeHHH nocKOpee npeicpaTKTb rpaacaaHCicyio
BOHHy.
CHJiaMH KpacHbie Mornw BoeBaTb yace h c anoHnaMH, HaxonHBUiH-
TaKHMH
MHca Ha TeppHTopHH Pocchh, h 3to npeaonpefleJimio hx no3HUHK> Ha pa3JiHHHO-
ro pojta flnnjiOMaTHHecKHX neperoBopax.
iIoKa3biBaa HHcneHHOCTb 3eMCKOH PaTM m oco6o Bbiaenaa b hch Ka3aKOB-
3a6aHKanbueB, a HMeji uejibio flaTb B03MO»<HOCTb HHTaTenio caMocroaTejibHO
yBnaeTb, KaK Taajio hhcjio ceMeHOBueB.
TeHepaji-JieHTeHaHT rxte6oB, flocnyjKHBiuHHca H3 BaxMHCTpoB ao reHepana,
cbohm reHepaiibCTBOM 6hji o6a3aH CeMeHOBy, h xoTa 6hji BbixoaueM H3 ch6hp-

Ka3a<inii otbh3hoh Ha3biBajin nojiKOM.

B HeKOTopwx MaTepwajiax YccypHiicKHii
"

185
ckhx Ka3aKOB, ero cHHTawT nocneflHHM ccMCHOBLteM KaK cHHTaiOT reHepana
,

B.M.MoJinaHOBa "nocjiciiHHM 6ejiwM reHepanoM".

O.JI.rjie6oB b moHt 1921 rofla cmchhji Ha nocTy HanajibHHKa KDjkho-
yccypHHCKoro BoeHHoro paKoHa (rpofleKOBCKoro) reHepana CaBejibeBa h npo-
6bIJI B 3TOH AOJDKHOCTH AO HOa6pH. ynpaBJiaiOIIIHH BOeHHBIM H MOpCKHM BeflOM-
ctbom BpeMeHHoro npHaMypcicoro npaBHTejibcrBa reHepaji-JieHTeHaHT
r.A.Bep)K6HUKHH CHanajia Ha3naHHJi ero KOMaHAHpoM CBOAHO-Ka3aHbeft 6pnra-
flbi, ho cpa3y xe 3aMeHHJi reHepajiOM Bjioxhhmm. npH^HHoii
cmchbi 6bma npe-
aaHHOCTb Tne6oBa r.M.CeMeHOBy. Hmchho Tjie6oBy npHuuiocb yBOAHTb b
SMHrpauHK) Ha cyflax Ch6hpckoh ^othxihh nocjieAHHX ceMeHOBueB o6me£i hhc-
jieHHOCTbio okojio 1500 HGHOBeK. B 1923 roay ot 3toh rpynnbi b IUaHxan npH-
Sbino yase TOJibKo 1000 lejiOBeic. K aHBapio 1927 roAa y DieSoBa ocTanocb okojio
120 HejiOBeic. H3 hhx 6mji ccfiopMHpoBaH PyccKHH otpha IUaHxaHcicoro Bojioh-
xepcKoro Kopnyca. Ho Ha3biBanH yace sthx jnofleii "nie6oBuaMH".
HHoraa mhc 3aaaioT Bonpoc: noneMy 6ejibie noTepnejiH nopasceHHe, a
KpacHbie no6eA«™ Pocchhckoh Tpa>KaaHCKOH BOHHe?
b

Otbct npocx: HHKaKaa HHOcrrpaHHaa nOAAepwica hh BoopysceHHeM, hh

AeHbraMH, hh hchboh chjioh He noMoaceT oAepacaTb no6eay to My, kto BoioeT
npoTHB CBoero Hapoaa. Ecjih Hapoa B3aji b pyKH opyacwe, oh no6eAHT! CeroAHa
HeMano nceBAOHcropHKOB, crpeMauuraca AOKa3aTb, hto napoa 6bin HenpaB, tto
OH HK06bI 6bIJl 06MaHyT SoJIbllieBHKaMH, HT06bI npHHTH K BJiaCTH. ^yuib! Bojib-
uieBHKaMH niofleii aenaaa >KH3Hb, a He crpeMJieHHe k BJiacxH.
HyAeHCKo-inacoHCKaa TeHb, KOTopaa Maannna 3a cnHHaMH 6opuoB 3a Co-
seTCKyio BnacTb, ocraBa^acb Heya3BHMofi, a BoeBaTb CeMeHOBy npHuuiocb npo-
THB CBoero Hapoaa, cBaro BepHBinero b npaBOTy HfleanoB, 3a Koropbie npojiHBa-
nacb KpOBb.
ocTaHycb AOBOJieH, ecnH MHTaTejib y3Han HecKOJibKO 6ojibiue 06 hctophh
51

3cmjih, Ha KOTopoft jkhbct. M AaBairre He 6yAeM 3a6biBaTb, hto y KaacAoro noKO-

neHHa CBoa hctophh, cboh Hfleanbi, jiHiiib xOTejiocb 6bi, hto6m itotomkh Bcno-
MHHanH Haiue noKoneHHe aoSpwM cjiobom. Beab ocTaeTca ot tejioBeica Ha 3eMJie
TOJibKO naMaTb!

186
 Eepeu 6 ipajiedaucKou eouue
na ^UAbHeM BocmoKe

B btopmm roaaHHeM nepBbifi

1982 rony b Tejib-ABHBe (H3paHJit) Bbinien
tom khhth ApOHa JIasapeBHHa A6paMOBHna "B peinaiomeH BoflHe". B Hen noKa-
Poc-
3aHO ynacrae h ponb cobctckhx eBpeeB b bohhc npoTHB HauH3Ma, a TaKace b
CHHCKOH TpaSKflaHCKOK BOHHe.
B oflHoii H3 raaB nepeMHcneHbi HMeHa eBpeeB, 3aHHMaBiUHX b nepnoa rpa-
CHJiaX CoBeT-
ttflaHCKOM BOHHbl CaMbie pa3JIHHHbie AOJDKHOCTH B BOOpy>KeHHbIX
ckoh Pocchh. Chhcok, pa3yMeeTca, He noJiHbiH, ho Jia>Ke b 3tom BHfle oh BecbMa
BnenaTnaiom, h ero aHanm no3B0Ji5ieT cflenaxb onpeaejieHHbie Bbmoaw.
B 1919-1920 roaax b KpacHoft ApMHH 6bmo b pa3Hbie nepnoflbi 15-20 ap-
crpenKOBbix
MHH. Bcero ace 3a nepnofl 1918-1920 roflOB 6lijto ccfeopMHpoBaHO 88
h 29 KaBanepHfiCKHX ,u,hbh3hh, KOTopbie BoeBaiiH Ha 9 (ppoHTax.

CMeHHJi flpyr apyra, Ha arax 9 dpponrax HjieHaMH BoeHHbix

Cobctob no-
apMMMH - 5, HanajibHHKaMH uiTa6oB apMHH
6biBajiH 17 eBpeeB, KOMaHuyiomHMH
HueHaMH BoeHHbix Cobctob apMHH - 50, HanajibHHicaMH b 27 jjhbh3H5ix - 30,
- 5,

BOeHKOMaMH B 61 JJHBH3HH - 81, HaiaJIbHHKaMH UITa60B B 38 AHBH3HHX - 43, KO-

MaHUHpaMH 6pHraa - 7, BoeHKOMaMH 6pnrafl - 4, HanajibHHKaMH nojiHTHnecKHX
apMHHX H AHBH3H5IX - 20, npeflCejjaTeJISIMH peB-
OTAeJIOB H HX 3aMeCTHTeJIflMH B
TpH6yHanoB - 3, KOManzmpaMH hojikob h oTpanoB - 5 eBpeeB. PasyMeeTca,
ne-

npeSbiBaHHs b .hojiwhoctjix secbMa pa3JiH*mbi, KaK npaBHJio, ohh Kone-

pHOflbi
6anncb ot I 4 MecaueB b toh hjih hhoh BoeHHofi crpyKType.
jjo
B
OueHHBa« B ueJIOM, M05KHO CKa3aTb, HTO H3 88 CrpeJIKOBblX flHBH3Hfi b 83
HaHaJIbHHKOM AHBH3HH, KOMHCCapOM HJ1H HaHaJlbHHKOM
KaKOH-TO H3 nepHOflOB
Haxojwncfl eBpeH. 3to
urraSa (to ecTb Ha oflHoii H3 ocHOBHbix flonacHOCTeH)
TOJibKO b 15
94,3% ot Bcex nexoTHbix ahbhshh. H3 29 KaBajiepHftcKHX otbh3h»
TaKHM o6pa30M, xoubKO b 19
6wjih b yKa3aHHbix aojixchocthx eBpeH 3to 51,7%.
-

HaManbHHKaMH jwbhshh, KOMHccapaMH h HaiajibHHKaMH uiTa6oB He

aHBH3Hax
6binH eBpea.
A.Jl.A6paMOBHH OTMenaji, hto Manbifi npoueHT eBpeeB b KOMaanHbix h
UITa6HblX flOJDKHOCTHX 06MCHWICSI T&U, HTO HX
3aHHMaJIH 6bIBUMe uapcKHe
h reHepajibi. Ha3HaHeHH« eBpeeB Ha aojihchocth KOMawmpoB h Ha-
0(J)Huepbi
qanbHHKOB uiTa6oB npon3BOAHJiHCb KaK npaBHJio, b nepHOflbi, Koraa
,
6oeBbie
JI.A-EpoHuiTeHH-TpouKHH a
fleiicTBHa He BeJiHCb. ripejiceaaTejib PeBBoeHcoBeTa
npaBOM npaMoro HasHaneHHa,
ero saMecTHTeJib S.M.Ckjihhckhh, nojib3yacb
npoH3BoanjiH KaK 6h o6yneHHe eBpeeB h 6epenin hx, hto6h He TepflTb bo Bpeivui
6oeBbIX fleHCTBHH.
Hto KacaeTca flajibHero BocTOKa, to A.JI.ASpaMOBHH ynoMaHyn jinuib
HJieHa BoeHHoro CoBeTa HapoflHo-peBOJirouHOHHofi
apMHH (HP A) flajibHe-
Boctohhoh Pecny6jiHKH (ABP) M.H.ry6eJibMaHa, HanajibHHKa UlTa6a HPA
B.M.OejibflMaHa h KOM6pHra H.M.IIeB3Hepa. Bot h Bee! npn 3tom ouih6ohho
187
 o

Ha uejibifi roflnpoanHa npeSwBaHHe b aojihchocth HBC M.HXy6eabMaHa h He

yica3aji, KaKofi 6pHraaoii k MaH.uo Baa H.M.neB3Hep. Croab He3HaHHTenbHoe
BHHMaHiie ^ajibHeMy BocroKy o6T>acHaeTca, BepoaTHo, HeaocraTOHHoii pa6oToft
b AaJibHeBocrroHHwx apxHBax.
nojiaraeiw, HHTaTenio 6yaer HHTepecHo y3Hant> HecKOJiBKO 6oabuie no 3a-
TpoHyTOMy Bonpocy.
M.HXy6eabMaH b oahoh H3 cbohx pa6oT oTMCMaji, hto ao npnGbiTHa m-
3a rpaHHUM cepeaHHe
b 1917 roaa A.M.To6ejibcoHa-KpacHomeKOBa,
H.r.Kyumep-KyuiHapeBa, A.^-HefiGyra, H.M.JIio6apcKoro. r.<D.PaeBa h apy-
rHx 3THHHecKHx eBpeeB Ha XJajifeHHH Boctok, no cBoeii cyTH, aKTHBHofi 6opb6u
3a CoBeTbi He 6mjio.
IlepBoe, 3a hto b3hjihcb peBoniou.HOHepbi, - sto co3aaHHe 6onbuie-
bhctckhx, npo<{)coi03Hbix opraHH3au.HH, BbinyCK ra3er. F.cfc.PaeB craa npeaceaa-
TeneM UeHTpajibHOro 6iopo npocfecoKWOB bo BjiaaHBOCTOKe, a ceicpeTapeM -
C-H.rpoccMaH. A.^.HeKSyT Hanaa n3flaBaTB ra3exy "KpacHoe 3HaMa".
M.r.KyuiHep-KyniHapeB B03rjiaBHJi cok>3 >Kene3HOflOpOJKHHKOB. BcKope
A..H.HeH6yT B03rjiaBHJi BaaaHBocTOKCKyio opraHH3aunio PC^PIl, a
C.M.rojibflGpeHX craji pyKOBoanTeneM CoBeTa. B BaaroBemeHcice 1 0KTa6pa
1917 roaa H3 37 neaoBeK Sbuia opraHrooBaHa 6oabiueBHCTCKaa opraHH3au.Ha,
KOTOpOH Hanan pyKOBOAHTb npe3n#nyM H3 5 neaoBeic, 4 H3 hhx 6mjih 3thhhc-
CKHMH eBpeflMH.
Ha
2-h ^anbHeBOcroHHOH KOH<j)epeHUHH PQUPIl 5-7 OKT5i6pji 1917 roaa
npHcyTCTBOBajio 13 HenoBeK, hohth Bee ohh 6wjih sthhhcckhmh eBpeainH, ho
3aaBHJiH hh 6oJibine hh MeHbuie ot HMeHH Bcero ^anbHero BocTOKa, o HeoSxo-
flHMocTH B3aTH« BJiacTH b pyKH 6ojibiueBHKOB. 20 aeicaSpa H36paH ^ajibHeBO-
CTOIHblH KpaeBOH KOMHTeT CoBeTOB. B ero COCTaB BOUUIH 8 60JIbIIieBHK0B
(M.M.ry6enbMaH, A.M.To6ejibCOH-KpacHomeKOB, H.M. JIiooapcKHH,
n.Jl.MHHaeB, A.^.KanHHH, 3.K.KwcTep, ^A.HocoK-TypcKHH, M.HecHOKOB) h
4 neBbix 3cepa (O.M.EyraeB, r.H.KajiMaHOBH<i, C.K.JlHHHac, h n.O.cpeaopen).
Kb 12 MenoBeK 9 - eBpeH. PIpeaceaaTejieM KOMHTeTa craa A6paM MoHceeBHi To-
6enbcOH-KpacHomeK0B. Blibiuhh hjich 6oeBoii eBpeflcKOii apyacHHM, oh b 1903
rosy 3MHrpHpoBan b CI1IA, b 1912 roay TaM okohhhji yHHBepcHTeT h ao 1917
roaa pa6oTan aaBOKaTOM. 3ra pa6oTa aajia eMy npeKpacHyio opa-ropcKyio npa«-
THKy. BojibuieBHKOM oh o6taBHJi ce6a Jiwiub no npn6biTHH b Pocchio. 8 Mas 1918
roaa komhtct 6biJi npeo6pa30BaH b flajibHeBOCTOHHbin Cobct HapoaHbix komhc-
capoB. ripeaceaaTeaeM ero CTaji A.M.To6ejibCOH-KpacHomeKOB. 3a Becb nepnoa
cymecTBOBaHHa c aeKaSpa 1917 roaa no ceHTa6pb 1918 roaa b .ZJaabHeBOCTOH-
hhh KpaeBoft komhtct CoseTa h b ^ajibcoBHapKOM Bcero Bxoanao 34 h 6hjio
KaHflHaaTaMH 9 nenOBeK, H3 hhx 20 - pyccKoa3HHHbie STHHMecKHe eBpeH. H3 20
KJieHOB nocaeanero cocraBa flaabcoBHapKOMa 1 1 qenoBeic 6mjth eBpeaMH.
29 HiOHa 1918 roaa bo BaaaHBOCTOKe HexocnoBaKH c 6eaorBapaeHuaMH
CBeprnH CoBeTCKyio Baacrb. B 3TOT ace aeHb bo BaaanBocTOKe oG'baBHaocb Bpe-
MeHHoe npaBHTejibCTBO aBTOHOMHOH Ch6hph bo rnase c MaaeHbKHM tomckhm
arrreKapeM eBpeeM Il.^[.Ji;ep6epoM, no npo3BHtuy MajieHbKHH IleTa. KoMncca-
188
r

poM ripHMOpcKOH o6nacTH c 7 OKTa6pa 1918 r. craji eBpeK H.H.IjHMMepMaH. 18

hiohs 1919 rofla b ynpaBJieHHH o6jiacTbio ero cmchhji 3BepcMaH.
Iloaie pa3rpoMa BepxoBHoro npaBHTejis Pocchh A.B.KoJinaKa b HpKyr-
oSt-
CKe Ha nojiHTHHecKofi apeHe bhobs bo3hhk A.M.To6ejibcoH-KpacHomeKOB,
hchhb, hto Bee Bpeina HaxoAWica b TioptMe "no noA03peHHK>. b 6ojibiueBH3Me".

Oh pa3BHJi aKTHBHyio aeaTenbHoerb no co3AaHHro 6ypxcya3Horo 6y4>epHoro ro-

cyaapcTBa Mexfly ^iiohhch, KirraeM h Cobctckoh Pocchch, nbiTaacb npn stom
JIHKBHflHpOBaTb COBeTCKyK) BJiaCTb Ha 3HaHHTeJlbHOH TeppHTOpHH
HpKyTCKOM
ry6epHHH h b caMOM HpKyrcKe. Koraa Ha sto He nouuiH 6ojibineBHKH HpKyTcica,
oh oSparaji cboh B3op Ha 3a6aiiKajibe, rae Macro Boctohho-Ch6hpckoh CoBeT-
ckoh ApMHH h napTH3aHbi ocbo6oahjih ot 6ejiorBapAeftqeB h anoHueB BepxHe-
yAHHCK (cOBpeMeHHbIM YjiaH-yfl3) H BOCCraHOBHJIM COBeTCKyK) BJiaCTb.
A.M.To6ejibCOHy-KpacHomeKOBy yaaroch yGeanxb ch6hpckhx 6oju>ine-
BHKOB H MOCKOBCKOe napTHHHOe pyKOBOACTBO B Heo6xOflHMOCTH C03AaHHS
/JaJibHe-BocroHHOH Pecny6nnKH mm HfleHHoro, iiojiHTHiecicoro h skohomhhc-
CKoro npHKpbiTHA aeaTenbHocro mockobckhx BJiacTeft Ha flsuibHeM
Boctokc
MHorae 6ojibineBHKH 6buin KaTeropHHecKH He coraacHM c co3AaHneM "6y4)epa",

KOTOpbiH, no hx MHeHHio, saTJfrHBaJi rpaagxaHCKyio BofiHy n o6ieAHHeHHe crpa-

Hbi. Ana peuieHHH nojiHTHnecKHX h AnnjiOMaTHHecicnx
BonpocoB 6mjio co3aaHo
AajibHeBOCTOHHoe 6iopo npH UK PKII(6). B Hero bouijih H.KXoHHapoB,
H.r.Kyui-
A.A.IllHpHMOB, A.M.ToSejibCOH-KpacHomeKOB, n.M.HHKH<J)opoB,
Hep-KyuiHapeB h CT-JIaso. BecbMa 6bicrpo npoTHBHHKH cosAaHHa £BP
H.KToHMapoB h AA.LUhphmob 6bijih y6paHbi H3 cocraBa flanb6iopo h 3aMeHe-
Hbl eBpejIMH B.H.XOTHMCKHM H S.3.IUyMflUKHM (A.C.HepBOHHblil). nocKonbKy
CT. JIa3o 5 anpena 1920 roaa 6mji apecTOBaH anoHuaMH, to H3 ocTaBumxca 5
HenoBeK neTBepo 6biJiH eBpeHMH.
C 13 aBrycra no Aexa6pb 1920 ro«a B ,Zlajib6iopo bxoahjih CHXpoccMaH-
Poiuhh, AA.3HaMeHCKHH, A.M.To6ejibcoH-KpacHomeKOB h
B.H.Xothmckhh, a
b aeKa6pe k hhm ao6aBHjracb M
A.TpnnHccep h M.3.,HeJibBnr. TaKHM oSpasoM,
ueHTpanbHbift opraH 6ojibuieBHKOB Ha AajibHeM BocroKe Ha 100%
6mji npea-

craBJieH eBpeaMH.
B 1919 ro«y b AMypcKOH oSjiacTH b nepHOA KOjmaKOBCKoft BJiacTH b noA-
HaxoAmiHCb eBpen B.fl.EpHrac, H.H.Pa6H30, M.A.Tproinccep,
nonbe
^.O.^KOBJieB, n.B.ilHHUKHH. KorAa napnraaHH b 4>eBpajie 1920 roAa noAOUiJin
k ropoAy BjiaroBemeHCKy, to TaM yace 5 4>eBpajia 6bm totob
BpeMeHHbifi HcnoJi-

kom CoBeTa pa6oHHX, conaaTCKHX, Ka3a4bHX h KpecTbaHCKHx AenyTaroB bo rna-

Be c ^.t&.^[KOBneBbiM co3AaHHbifi b npoTHBOBec "TaexHOMy
HcnojiKOMy", koto-
;

pbiH HecKOJibKo MecaneB b oSiiacTH sen pa6oTy no opraHH3anHH

napTH3aHCKOH
bohhh. "TaeacHbifi ncnoJiKOM" He noxcejian OTAaTb BJiacTb, 3aBoeBaHHyio b xoAe
KpOBOnpOJIHTHOH BOHHM. BbUl C03AaH eflHHblH o6jiaCTHOH HCnOJIHHTeJlbHblH KO-
OTMeraTb
MHTeT, rAe 3aMecTHTeiieM npeAceAaTejia craji ^.d>.^KOBJieB. CneAyeT
yMeHne crapbix napTHiiHbix 4>yHKUHOHepoB pa6oTaTb b noAnonbe. IIpH Ka3HH
6eJiorBapAeHnaMH 18 aiwypcKHX KOMHccapoB h aKTHBHbix cobctckhx pa6oTHHKOB
nora6 Jinujb oahh eBpefi - ^.r.LIIa^Hp.
189
 6 anpejia 1920 roaa 6hjio oStsBJieHo o awaaHHH /^anbHe-BocToiHOH Pec-
nySjiHKH. IIpeflceflaTejieM npaBHTejibCTBa h oaHOBpeMeHHO mhhhctpom hho-
crpaHHbix ae.11 errant A.M.To6ejitcoH-KpacHomeKOB. Mhhhctpom <|)HHaHCOB Ha-
3HaieH Hoxhm Hhcobhh Pomm, no 3Toro GbiBuiHH 3aMecraTeneM npeaceaaTens
BpeMeHHOH 3eMCKofi BnacTH npH6aHKajii,a, mhhhctpom jocthuhh -
C. KXIlInpOKHX-rioJUIHCKHH.
HtoSbi jiHKBHAHpoBaib cymecTBOBaBmyio b AMypcKOH o6jiacTH CoBer-
CKyio BnacTb, npaBHTejibCTBO flBP Ha3HanHJio cbohm nojiHT3MHCcapoM
M.A.TpHJiHecepa, KOTOpbiH BMecre c ^.O.^KOBJieBHM npHno>KHJi MaxcHMyM
ycHUHH ana y6e»aeHHa aMypcKHX 6oJibiueBHKOB b Heo6xoaHMOCTH BxoacaeHHa B
6yp>Kya3Hyio pecny6nHKy. B 3tom hm noMorajin KOMHCcapw OTpacneBbix ynpaB-
jichhh /J,.C.OaHH6epr, K.H.Bpeyc, MTTacHH. Bmccto Cobctob 6hjih co3aaHbi
HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHbie KOMHreTH. AMypcicaa o6nacTb coraacHJiacb bohth b
cocraB /Jjia o6i>eaHHeHHa Bcex o6:iacTeH flanbHero BocroKa h 3a6aHKajiba

noa BJiacTbio
JXB? m
Cobpocchh npH6b!n eBpeii B.fl.BHJieHCKHH.
06»3aHH0CTH MHHHCTpa HHocrpaHHbix aeji b flBP nocjieflOBaTejibHO bu-
nojiHajin A.M.To6ejibCOH-KpacHomeKOB, E^.IlIyMflijKHH-^epBOHHbiH, B.H.Xo-
THMCKHH, H.Jl.IOpHH (,C[3eBaJlTOBCKHH), R. rJ,.^HCOH. 3TO o6l>aCHHJ10Cb BecbMa
npocTO: KaK TOJibKO o^hh aonycKaji oiiih6kh, ero MecTO MeroaoM Ha3HaneHHa
3aHHMaji apyrofi. H.JI.IOpHH HeKOTopoe speMa 6bm BoeHHWM mhhhctpom
flBP.
OpHHHMajiH ynacTwe eBpew b KanecTBe opraHH3aTOpOB h b 6ejiorBapaeH-
ckom 6onee npaBHUbHo - b aeMOKpaTHqecKOH kohtpcbojiiouhh) flBHaceHHH. B
(a
co3flaHHbiii b ropoae Xap6nHe flanbHeBOCTOHHbiH komhtct aKTHBHofl 3amHTbi
PoflHHbi h y<ipeflHTenbHoro co6paHHH BXoaHJiH Kaiiao, RHcrepno, BoHHep,
/IpH3HH, 3ajieBCKHH. Hmchho 3TOT KOMHTeT opraHH30BbiBan nepBbie 6enorBap-
fleficKHe OTpaflM b 1918 roay b nojioce oTnyacaeHHa KHTaHCKo-BocTOHHoii tkc-

J1C3HOH flOpOTH.
HecMOTpa Ha onpeaeneHHyio HenpHa3Hb axaMaHa T.M.CeMeHOBa k eBpe-
aM, b nepByio onepeab 3a to, hto ae3ep™p 31 cTpejiKOBoro noJiKa EepeH6ayM*
coBepuiHJT Ha Hero noKyiueHHe, 6pocHB b TeaTpe aBe 6om6m, h aTaMaH nojiyMHJi
HecKOJibKO paHCHHH, a TaiOKe 3a to, hto HaeojiorHHecKHMH paSoTHHKaMH-
KOMHccapaMH b KpacHbix BOHCKax b ochobhom 6buiH espeH, B apMHH CeMenoBa
cymecTBOBajra eBpeficKaa poxa noa KOMaHaoBaHHeM npartopmHKa MauiKOBHHa.
y KpacHbix Ha ^anbHeM BocTOKe eBpeftcKHx 4>opMHpoBaHHH b nacTax He cyme-
CTBOBaJlO.
B HapOAHO-peBoniouHOHHOH apMHH JXBP eBpeaM OTBoaHJiacb oco6aa
pojib, b nepByio oiepeflb noTOMy, hto hx HaeojioraHecKaa h naprafiHaa noaro-
TOBKa 6biJia 3HaHHTejibHO Bbiure, neM y a6cojiroTHOro SojibUJHHCTBa Hapoaoap-

'
EepeK6ayM MaTBeK JleoHTbeBHH (oh ace Heppwc BacHJinft) nocjie noKyweHHa 20 ABKa6pa
1918 roaa cyiweji CKpbiTbca, ho n03nH.ee 6mji apecroBaH h nowie nbiTOK Ka3KeH.
190
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MeSueB. C nepBbix flHefi HPA Ha napTHHHO-noJiHTHHecKyro pa6oTy b He8 Ha3Ha-
naiiHCb mom, HiweBiiiHe onbrr noanoabHoii peBOJik>u.HOHHOH pa6oTbf\
C 25 anpeaa 1920 roaa HanajibHHKOM nojiHTHHecicoro oTaeJia HPA 6mji
Ha3HaneH A.M.<&hhkobckhh. ITo ynpa3flHeHMH noJiHTOTaena h co3aaHHH Kojuie-
thh BoeHHO-nonHTHHecKoro ynpaBneHHH b aeKa6pe 1920 roaa
A.H.Ohhkobckhh
BpeMeHHO HcnoJiHaa Koji-
cran oflHHM H3 Tpex ee KJieHOB. 3ry aoascHocrb TaKwe
iihhckhh. nHKBHflauMH BoeHHoro CoBera HPA 23
Ao Maa 1920 roaa ero cenpe-

rapeM 6hji lllnaKOBCKHH.

nocne Bocco3aaHHH b Hione 1921 roaa BoeHHoro CoBeTa HPA h OjiOTa
iiphjiowhbiiihh MHoro
oflHHM H3 ero hjtchob CTaJi M.H.ry6ejibMaH, ao 3roro
ycHJiHii anx chhthh c aoaacHoc™ TjiaBHOKOMaHflyiomero bccmh BoopyweHHbiMH
CHJiaMH flBP r.X.3Hxe, nocKOJibKy tot 6opoaca nporaB 3acHaba b apMHH ko-
MHCCapOB.
HananbHHKaMH pa3JiH<mbix otacjiob b BoeHHO-nojiHTHqecKOM ynpaBJie-
E[peo6paaceHCKHH,
hhh HPA h hx 3aMecTHTejiHMH 6biJiH 5Iko6coh, UlHeflflepMaH,
reHM6py K BoraaHOBHq. IIojiht3mhc-
Eiojuiep, noTamHHCKHH" Taiccep, Beyc,
,
,

BpeMa hc-
capoM npw T^aBKOMe HPA b cj)eBpaJie-anpeae 1921 roaa h HetcoTopoe

nonHaiomHM o6a3aHHOCTH DiaBKOMa 6bui A.CeMauiKO. BpeMeHHO HcnonHJin

HananbHHKa BoeHnypa b ceHT«6pe 1922 roaa 6hbhihh 3aMecTHTe-

o6fl3aHHOcra
neM r.JLEapaHueB.
KoMHCcapaMH b anBH3Max b HeKOTOpbie nepnoaH 6bim: b 1-h HpKyTCKOH
1-H 3a6aHKajibCK0fi - AH3eH6epr, 2-h npnaMypcKOH
- JTasos-
- KajiMaHOBHH,

Hhthhckoh crpejiKOBOH - .ZJhktobhh, bo

ckhh; KOMHecapaMK b 6pHraaax: b 1-h
2-h CpeTeHCKoii KaBaJiepHHCKofi - CaBHUjCHH. B ynpaBJieHHH HHweHepos HPA
npopa-
KOMHecapoM 6mji A.B.Xothmckhh. HeKOTopoe BpeMfl eMy ace npniiuiocb
KOMtfrera, a TaK-
6oTaTb saMecTKTeneM npeaceaaTena BoeHHO-npoMtiuiJieHHoro
ace HanajibHHKOM aaM.-CHa6>KeHHecKoro oraena BoeHnypa.
HHcneKTopoM KaBanepHH bohck IlpH6aHKajibH 21 MapTa 1920 roaa 6mji
HaaHaneH B.BnaTJiHHflep (oh we HnKonaH HBaHOBHH BypcaK). B
nocjieaywmeM,
TpoHUKOcaBCKofi rpynnofi bohck. 3tot
ao 26 HHBapa 1921 roaa, oh KOMaHaoBan
KOMeHaaHT r.HpKyTCKa h ynacTHHK pacerpena
MeaoBeK H3BecTeH TaKwe KaK
A.B.KojinaKa.
KoMHCcapaMH b HHcneKUHH nexoTbi HPA (HHcneKTop - npHpaBHHBaeTca
k 3aMecTHTeaio DiaBKOMa no nexoTe) 6hjih KopocreHCKHH, KajiMaHOBHH, BaKC-
MaH.
BoeHKOMOM npw HanaabHHKe THJia npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro oicpyra c 6

dpeBpajia 1922 roaa 6mji H.M.CacJipo, 3aBeabiBaBiiiHH ao 3Toro OTaeaoM napT-

CTpoHTenbCTBa b BoeHnype.
Bo 2-h TpOHUKOcaBCKOH Kas6pHraae HaiajibHHKOM nonHTHHecKoro OTae-
jia 6wa Pafix. HaHanbHHKaMH nojiHTMHecKOro OTaena bo 2-h TrpHaMypcKOH m-
BH3HH CJiyiKHaH 3.C. n OTaillHHCKHH H M.C.JIa30BCKHH.
*
B aeKaSpe 1921 rona, coraacHO oHeceHHK> BoeHnypa, b pswax
fl
HPA cjiyxHJi 31 e B peii -

HjieK PKll(6). PswoBbix HapojioapMefiueB cpenw

hmx ne 6bUio.
^
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B HeKOTopux aoKyMEHTax npoxojiHT KaK narauiMHCKHfl.

i
 UlKony KOMamiHoro cocTaBa HPA B03rjiaBJiaji C.H.Ehpiohhhckhh c bo-
eHKOMOM npa HCM H.H. TopCKHM.
K.A.HeiiMaH b HPA no HecKOJibKy anew KOManaoBaji 3a6aHKajibCKOH h 2-
H HpKyTCKOH flHBH3HJrMH.
B co3flaHHOM b aenaSpe 1921 roaa 3a6aHKajibcicoM bochhom oKpyre ao
ero JiHKBHJiauHH b aojdkhocth HanantHHKa nojurraqecKoro OTAena h HneHaMH
BoeHHoro CoseTa nocjieAOBaTejibHO no6biBaitH B.A.EiojiJiep, ^mhtphh JIko6coh
h r.C.AH3eH6epr. M.P..Hko6coh b ceHxa6pe 1922 roAa cnyacmi HanajibHHKOM
HepMHHCKO-3aBOACKoro h BepxHeyAHHcicoro ye3flHbix bohhckhx ynpaBJieHHH.
riocjie 6bma npoBeaeHa oHepeAHaa
no6eAbi b BojionaeBCKOM cpa>KeHHH
peopramoaunH hHPA
HanajibHHKOM IIlTa6a HPA cTan E.M.<DejibAMaH, koto-
6hji
pbiH na nepHoa 6oeB c 6ejiorBapAeHua,MH b EtpHMopbe oceHbio 1922 roAa
3aMeHeH, ho BHOBb noaBHJica 5 Hoa6pa y»e Ma aojdkhocth KOMaHAyiomero 17

npHMOpCKHM KOpnyCOM, (j)OpMHpyeMbIM H3 AHBH3HH HPA, KOrAa 60H KOHHH-

JIHCb.
KoMaHAHpoM cc^opMHpoBaHHOH b Hioiie 1922 roAa flaiibHeBOCTOHHOH Ka-
BajiepHifcKOH 6pHraAbi 6bin Ha3HaneH E.B.BaTMaH, ho nepeA npeAcxoamHMH
6ohmh c 6ejibiMH B npHMOpbe ero OTnpaBHJTH b o-rnycK Ha Asa Mecana b Open.
HneHOM PyccKO-anoHCKofi comacHxejibHoH komhcchh b 1920 roAy 6wji
P A.HefiTJiHH. K cojKajieHHK), H3-3a Heocropo>KHoro pa3roBopa co 3HaK0MbiM
anoHueM - oh nporoaopHJica o noAroTOBJieHHOM CBep*:eHHH bo BnaAHBOCTOfce b
OKTa6pe 1921 roAa BpeMeHHoro npHainypcKoro npaBHTeJibcxBa - norn6 caM ot
nyjiH 6ejiorBapAeHueB h 6wjio apecroBaHo 6ojibiiioe kojihicctbo noAnojibmn-
kob, Macrb KOTopbix Taioice ySHTa.
AwpeKTOpoM TnaBHoro ynpaBJieHHa TocnojiHToxpaHbi 6bin EejibCKHH
JI.H. (oh ace JleBHH A.M.).
npeAceAaxeneM BoeHHoro cyAa b 1-K 3a6aHKanbCK0H h 2-fi npnaMypcKOH
AHBH3HHX 6mji K.C.OaH6yuieBHH. npeAceAaxejiHMH DiaBHoro BoeHHoro cyAa,
cineHaa Apyr Apyra, HasHa^anHCb eBpen: JlecHeBCKHii, JI.H.EepceHeB,
JI.B.BepKOBHH. EIpeAceAaTeneM npH6aHKajibCKoro PaftoHHoro BoeHHoro cyAa c
anpejia 1922 roAa - Py 6hh uitchh A.M., -oienoM BoeHHoro cyAa b 1 ota. 3a6afi-
KanbCKofl KaB6pHraAbi - CATeHcjioH, npeAceAaxeneM BoeHHoro cyAa 3a6a«-
KanbCKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra - r.C.AH3eH6epr, 6biBinHfi ao axoro BpuA HBC h
HanajibHHKOM nojinxoTAena 3a6BO.
CHa6*eHHeM bo 2-h AMypcKofi apMHH 3aHHManca h 6bm TaK>Ke AJiHTenb-
Hoe BpeMa HanajibHHicoM ynpaBJieHHa cHa6aceHHa HPA A.A.Ceftjnoc. Bo BpeMa
ero 6oJie3HH o6a3aHHOCTH hciiojihsji A.E.CapaKep (CopoKep).
HanaiibHHKOM caHHTapHoro ynpaBJieHHH HPA AJiHTejibHoe BpeMa 6mji
A.M.KoBHauKHH, KOMHecapoM npw HeM - A.r.3fl3eH6eT.
B ceHTa6pe 1922 roAa HanajibHHKOM DiaBHoro BoeHHO-HH>KeHepHoro
ynpaBJieHHa HPA 6wji B.M.MonceeB, b stom we ynpaBJieHHH oh 6mji nepeBeAeH
Ha AOJiXHOCTb HananbHHKa OTAejia Heo6opoHHTeJibHbix coopyaceHHH h KBapxnp-
Horo AOBOJibCTBHa. 3.C.EyxroJibH Ha3HaneH homoiahhkom no nojiHxnacxH
b

DiaBHOM BoeHHO-HHHceHepHOM ynpaBJieHHH.

C 20 Maa 1922 r., c nepexoAOM apMHH Ha mhphmh nepnoA, KOMaHAHpaMH
6poHenoe3AQB H a3HaHeHbi eBpen: Jfc 8 ("HapoAoapMeen") - M.H.HyiraHCKHH,
- H.ATpbDKeHKo; aBxo-6poHeoTpaAa N° 28 (hmchh
j\9 54 (HineHH TOB.Bjnoxepa)

}KaHa >Kopeca) - T.n.Pocce.

192
 Bo 2-fi AMypCKOH apMHH HanajibHHKOM caHHTapHOH lacTH 6bm Mohoc-
30H, HCKOTopoc Bpeivra oh TaK3Ke Hcnojmaji o6a3aHHOCTH HanaJIbHHKa CaHHTap-
HOH HaCTH Ha AMypCKOM (J)pOHTe.
B nepnoA pa3rpoMa napTH3aH h HappeBsoflcK b ripHMopbe b Hoa6pe-
aeKaSpe 1921 roaa KOMaHAHpoM 1-ro ripHMOpcKoro oTAejibHoro CTpenKOBoro
6aTanbOHa 6biJi K>3e<p0BHH.
MneHOM PeBBoeHiuraSa napTraaH Xa6apoBCKoro ye3Aa H36npajica
H.C.AHHmeHKO-BeccoHOB, oh oTBenaji 3a HAeoJiorHHecKyio pa6oTy b napTH3aH-
ckhx OTpwx, b nocjieayiomeM cnyacum HeKOTopoe BpeMa HaianbHHKOM nojiHT-
oraena bo 2-K AMypcKOH ahbh3HH h pa6oTaji mhhhctpom 3eMJieAeJiH» b npaBH-
TejibCTBe /IBP. Ero cyjib6a npHMenaTenbHa tcm, hto einy yAarocb paHeHOMy bm-
6paTbca H3 Morajibi nocne paccTpena KajiMbiKOBiUMH. Bmhchji 6jiaroAapa noMO-
EjH xaGapoBCKHx noAnojibiuHKOB h 3a6oTaM maBBpaia 6ojibHHUbi
nnaHTKOB-
CKoro.
Boo6me eBpeH-spaHH, HaxoAHBumeca b nepHOA rpaacAaHCKOH bohhw BHe
apMHH, oKa3biBajiH ineflHUHHCKyio noMomt KaK KpacHHM, ran h 6enbiM, H no-
3TOMy BbwejiHTb KaKHe-JiH6o 4>aMHJiHH He HMeer oco6oro CMbiaia.
IlpH o6meH HHcneHHOCTH okojio oahoto npoueHTa no othoiuchhio ko
Bceiny HaceneHHK) AajibHero BocTOKa ynacTHe eBpeeB b nojiHTHHecKOH h
bochhoh
fleKTejibHOCTH b nepHOA Pocchhckoh rpaacjuaHCKofl bohhh BecbMa 3HaHHTejibHO.
McxopHKaMH AOjraHoro HccjieAOBaHHfl BKJiaAa eBpeeB b ycrraHOBJieHHe CoBeT-
ckoh BJiacTH, ee jiHKBunauHio h co3flaHHe 6ypacya3HoH flanbHe-BocroHHOH Pec-
ny6jiHKH noKa He npoBOflnnocb.
AHanH3 noKa3bmaeT, hto AeKJiapHpoBaHHe "6y4>epHOH" flajibHe-
Boctohhoh Pecny6nMKH 6biJio He neM hhmm, KaK nonHTKoii C03AaTb rocyaapcT-
BeHHO-TeppHTOpHajibHoe o6pa30BaHHe, rae nonHTHnecKaa, BoeHHaa, $HHaHCO-
Baa, cyfle6Ho-npaBOBaa, aAMHHHCTparaBHasi bctbh BJiacTH
B03niaBJi5mHCb sthh-
HeCKHMH eBpeHMH. ripH 3T0M HJieHbl HaUHOHaJIHCTHHeCKHX eBpeHCKHX opraHH3a-
Hhh ByHfla h IlaojieH-ljHOHa kek-to He3aMerHO nepeKpacujincb b SoJibmeBHKOB
h
h b nocjieayiomeM Hamnn cboh MeCTa b aAMHHHCTpaTHBHo-xo3HHCTBeHHOM
napTHHHOM pyKOBOflCTBe CCCP. Hx HMeHa Bcnjibmn bhobb b nepHOA penpeccHH
1938 roAa.
CneAyeT cKa3aTb, hto CBoeo6pa3Hoft ouchkoh AeHTejibHoc™ eBpeeB omjio
co3AaHHe nepe3 nomopa AecsTKa JieT nocrie rpaacflaHCKOH BOHHbi Ha flajibHeM
BocroKe EBpeiiCKOH aBTOHOMHofi o6jiacra. 3to 6wno nepBoe 3a ABe tmchhh JieT
aAMHHHCxpaTHBHO-TeppHTopHajibHoe o6pa30BaHHe eBpeftcKoro HapoAa. Iloce-
jiok Hh, 6biBiiiHH K0Jibi6ejibK» no6eAM HPA HaA 6enorBapAefluaMH,
nonyiHJi
hmh eBpea CMHAOBHHa...
JXnn HanHcaHHH craTbH Hcnojib30BaHW TOJibKO
AOKyMeHTbi no ycTanoBJie-
hhio CoBexcKOH BJiacTH Ha flanbHeM BocTOKe, co3AaHHK> 6y<JiepHoro rocyAapcT-

Ba ^ajibHe-BocTOHHofl Pecny6jiHKH h HapoAHO-peBOJUonHOHHoii apMHH.

193
li. 3.< 24S0
 PyKoeodxityiu cocmae uapodno-
pe60AWU,UOHHblX 60UCK Hd
fraAhueM Bocmone Poccuu
(1920 - 1922 it.)

HanmcaHHe 3Toro pa3,aejia b KHHre asjiaeTCa BbiHyauieHHOH Mepow, TaK

KaK so chx nop bo mhoi-hx mnamvix, b tom MHOie h Hay^HLix, ocHOBaHHbix Ha
nepBbiH B3rn5w tojibko Ha flOKyiueHTax, HMeerca mhohccctbo HeTOHHOcrefl h
ouihSok b OTHomeHHH KOMaHflHoro h napTHHHO-nojiHTHHecKoro annapaTa pe-
BOJiiouHOHHbix bohck ^ajibHero BocroKa Pocchh. FIocKOJibKy HaH6onee cepbe3-
hwm c6opHHKOM flOKyMeHTOB, H3flaHHbix b nocawmee BpeMH, aBnaeTca neTbipex-
TOMHHK BoCTOHHO-CH6HpCKOrO KHHHCHOrO H3flaTeJIbCTBa 1986 - 1988 TOUOB, B
HeTBcpTOM TOMe KOTOporo aaH cnwcOK pyKOBOflamero cocraBa HapoaHO-
peBOJTK»uHOHHofi apMHH flaJibHe-BocTOMHoft Pecny6nHKH, mh 6yaeM yi<; .iBatb
Ha ouih6kh b 3tom tomc Ilpn 3T0M cneayeT CKa3aTb, hto cocTaBHTexiflMi. toto
TOMa, Ha3WBaeMoro "H Ha Thxom OKeaHe...", aBJiaioTca HHCTHTyT bochhg.. &k
TopHH MHHHcrepcTBa o6opOHbi CCCP h HeHTpanbHWH rocyflapcTBeHHMii ap
CoBeTCKOH ApMHH.
Bhahmo, una ynpomeHHa noflxoaa k paccMaTpHBaeMOMy Bonpocy cocra-
bhtcjih nepBWH pa3«eji CnHCKa pyKOBoaamero cocraBa HPA flBP Ha3BanH
"HapoflHO-peBonrouHOHHaa apMHa /JBP (17.03.20 - 22.1 1 .22)".
Bo-nepBbix, cnejryer 3aMeTHTb, hto HPA 6bma o6pa30BaHa erne no npo-
B03rjiameHHa ABP, u aaTOH ee o6pa30BaHHa aBJiaeTca He 17 MapTa, a 11 MapTa
1920 ro.ua, o HeM cBHflerejibCTByjoT npHKa3M N° 200 - 9.03.21 r. h N° 210
-

11.03.1921 r. (rAXK, 1317, on.2, efl.xp.6, ji.27,31, THnorpa^cKHe otthckh).

(J).

Bo-BTopbix, aojihchocth pyKOBoaaiuero cocTaBa Heo6xo^HMo Ha3biBaxb b

crporoM cooTBeTCTBHH c TeM, KaK ohh Ha3MBajiHCb b tot nepHOfl. flo npne3aa b
HHTy B.K.Ejnoxepa h 3aHaTHa hm Bbicuiero nocra b BOopyaceHHwx CHJtax ^BP He
cymecTBOBano TepMHHa 'T.naBHOKOMannyK>mHH HPA h Ojioxa flBP". r.X.3iixe
h Bee, kto KOMaHflOBan BOopyaceHHbiMH cmiaMH flo npHe3Aa B.K.Bjiioxepa, ocjw-
UHanbHO Ha3biBanHCb 'TjiaBHOKOMaHflyiomHH BceMH BOopya<eHHbiMH CHJiaMH
flBP".
B 3TOH CBB3H 6yfleM Ha3bIBaTb KOMaHflOBaHHe peBOJIIOUHOHHblX CMJI B
cTporofi nocneflOBaTejibHOCTH h TepMHHaMH, npHMeHaBuiHMHca b to BpeMs, a
nepHOflbi cymecxBOBaHHa sthx Ha3BaHHfl oTHeceM k HapoflHO-peBOJirouHOHHOH
apMHH, nocKonbKy hmchho OHa 6biJia ochobhoK qacrbio peBOJiiouHOHHbix bohck,
hot *e k Ha3BaHH«M npaBHTejibCTB, cymecTBOBaBuiHx b pa3JiHHHbix o6nacTax
flajibHero BocroKa.

194
 HaposHO-peBOJiioniioiiiiaa apMiia IlpHSaitKajibH
(11.03-17.04.20 r.)

rnaBHOKOMaHayiomHH bccmh Boopy>KeHHbiMH cHuaMH BpeMeHHoK 3eM-

ckoh TeHpHX XpHcroipopoBHH (18.03 - 17.04.20 r.).
BJiacTH npH6aHKajii,x: 3iixe
HaHajTbHHK niTa6a Bcex BoopyaceHHbix chji BpeMeHHOH 3cmckoh BJiacTH
npH6aHKajita: OeuemcHH IleTp ^kobjicbhh (1.03 - 17.04.20 r.)*.
-
HanajitHHK nojiHTimecKoro or/iena apMHH: OpeiuemcoB (12.03

25.04.20 r.)

HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHaH apiwHH 3a6aiiKaJibH

(18.04 - 12.05.20 r.)

rjiaBHOKOMaimyiomHH BceMH BOOpyaceHHHMH cmiaMH 3a6aHKanb5i: 3fixe

TeHpHx XpHcxcxpopoBHH (18.04 - 12.05.20 r.).
HananbHHK iirra6a DiaBKOMa: FIcjieHKHH IleTp flKOBJieBHi (18.04-
12.05.20r.).
HaqanbHHK nojiHTHHecicoro oraena apMHH: Ohhkobckhh AneKcefl HBaHO-
bhi (25.04- 4.12.20 r.).

HapojHO-peBo^iouHOHHaH apMHH /JBP

(13.05.20- 22.11.22 r.)

TnaBHOKOMaHAyrornHH bccmh BOopyxceHHMMH cHXtaMH flBP: 3fixe TeHpHX

Xphcto4>opobhh (13.05.20 - 27.01.21 r.; 21.02 - 20.03.21 r.; 12.04 - 29.04.21r.);
A., spm
naBJiOB Ceprefi Amhtphcbkm, b P ha (27.01 - 21.02.21 r.); CeMauiKO
r.); JIanHH Anb-
(20.03 - 11.04.21 r.); BypoB BacHJiHM HBaHOBHH (30.04 3.05.21
-

6epT HBaHOBHH (JlannHb, JlariHHbiu AnbgepT JIhobhh, 4.05 - 25.06.21 r.).

HananbHHK urra6a DiaBKOMa: IIcJieHKHH IleTp Akobjicbhh (13.05-
28.01.21r.); Opnos M.A. (28.01 - 23.02.21 r.); AwepcoH
AjieKcaHAp X P hcto<I>o-

Pobhh (23.02 - 25.06.21 r.).

HneHbiBoeHHoro CoBeTa": ToHMapOB HHKOJiaft Ky3bMHi (23.03.-

- 22.05.20 r.).
22.05.20r.), UlHpaMOB AraeKcaHjip AneKcaHflpoBHH (23.03
IloMomHHK TnaBKOMa no nororrnHecKOH ^acra: ToHMapoB HHKOJiaK
Ky3bMHH (23.05 - 4.07.20 r.); EHcapHH BacHJinfi TpHropbeBHH (4.07 - ceHT»6pb
1920 r.); EopojiaBKHH Bjia^HMHp AjieKcaHapoBHH (ceKT»6pb Hoa6pb
- 1920 r.).

1
npHKaaoM Ns 2 ot 18.03.20 r. nejreHKMH n.tf. n apyrax BoeHmajibHHKOB HPA Ha
pm
noanepKHBajiocb ee cymecTBOBaHne
.nojiXHOcra 6hiJiM na3HaieHbi 3aflHHM mmcjiom, tcm caMbiM
eme «o yTBepxaeHMH aotohoctm HiaBKOMa.
"
B cSopHHKe "H Ha Thxom o Kea H e..." ohjmoohho yKaaaKo apeMfl npe6biBaHHs b
jiojixho-

cthx H/ieHOB BoeHHoro CoBexa jyia roH-apoBa H.K. h

UlnpHMOBa A.A., thk k&k BoeHHbiii Co-
Ber Ha ocHOBaHHH nocxaHOBjreHHa ot 13 mm 1920 roaa 6bui
ynpasraeH 22 M aa 1920 roaa k BB e-
jieHa AOJi>KH0CTb noMOMHHKa DiaBKOMa no noMTHHecicofi wm. TaK xe ouih6oiho yicaaaHo
aojixhocth HBC Encs H K a BT. b nepno.5 c 4.07 no 29.06.21 r. B fleficTBHTejibHo-
npe6biBa H ne b P
nojiHTnacTH no ceHTa6p« 1920 torz, a
cth Bhchpkh B.r. c 4.07. 6bui noMomHMKOM TjiaBKOMa no
27
MBC He Mor 6biTb b CHJiy Toro, hto TaKoti crpyicrypbi He cyiuecTBOBaAO c 23 Maa 1920 rojia no
htohh 1921 roaa.
 riojiHT3MHCcap Bcex Boopyn<eHHbix chji ABP: EejitroB BjiaAHMHp
nerpo-
A. 24.04.21 OAHOBpeMeHHO c 22
bhh (12.1 1.20 17.02.21 r.); CeMauiKO
- (17.02 - r.,

no 1 1 anpejia 3a Meman DiaBKOMa); CHOCKapeB AHApeK JlyKHH (24.04

-
MapTa
3.07.21 r.).

HanajibHHK BoeHHO-nonnTHHecKoro ynpaBJieHHJi BoopyaceHHbix chji ^.Of.

^CHrajiHH Akob IlaBJioBHH (4.12.20 - 12.02.21 r.); Kojihhhckhh,
JIokhkh naBen
BpeMeHHO flOJDKHOab Ha-
/iMHTpneBHH H MaKCHMOB MHXaHJI M. KCnOJIHflJIH

najibHHKa Bny, CMeHHa apyr Apyra (4>eBpajib - 5.07.21 r.).

npeAceaarejib BoeHHoro CoBeTa, rnaBHOKOMannyiomHH HPA h
OjioTa,
1920 BoeHHbiii Cobct Bcex Boopy-
BoeHHHM mhhhctp ABP (c 27 no 30 hk>h» r. -

*e H Hbix chji ABP, c 30 mora - BoeHHbifi Cobct HPA h 0>no T a): Bntoxep Bacw-
jihh KoHCTaHTHHOBHH* (25.06 - 5.11.21 r.; 18.12.21 - 4.07.22 r.); CepbimeB CxenaH
MHxaHJioBHH, BPHA (5.11-3.12.21 r.); T P h<J)ohob EBreHHH AHApeeBHH, BPHA
(3.12 - 18.12.21 r.); ABKceHTbeBCKHH KoHcraHTHH
AneKceeBHH (4.07 - 17.08.22 r.);
YSopeBHH (ry 6apeBHH) HepoHHM IleTpOBHH (17.08 - 22.1 1.22 r.).
HanajibHHK nrra6a HPA: OHJiaperoB EBreHHH Amhtphcbhh, BPHA (26.06
- 30 06 21 rV ToKapeBCKHH BunecnaB KoHCTaHTHHOBHH (30.06.21
- 3.05.22 r.);

(DejibAMaH Bopnc Mh P ohobhh (4.05 - 4.07.22 r.); UlyBaeB

AneKcaHAp AMHTpne-
bhh (4 07 - 21.08.22 r.); Cmopoahhob Bopnc Mhpohobhh (21.08
- 22.11.22 r.).

^neHbi BoeHHoro CoBerra HPA h Ojiora: Ty6ejibMaH MonceH H3paHJie-

bhh (30.06.21 - 16.01.22 r.); BypoB BacHJinii Mbsihobiw, BPHA (30.06 22
- 07.21
MHxannOBHH (22.07 - 5.11.21 r.; 18.12 21 - 11.03.22 r.),
r.); CepbimeB CxenaH
TP h4)ohob EBreHHH AHApeeBHH (21.11 - 3.12.21 r.; 18.12.21 - 5.02.22 r.); noro-
CHOCKapes AhaPch
Ahh HBan MHxaflJioBHM (14.01 - 30.05.22; 25.06 - 16.1 1.22 r.);
JlyKHM BPHA (3.12 - 18.12.21 r.); Cmhphob BjiaAHMHp AHApeeBHH, BPHA
(30.05 - 25.06.22 r.)".

aotdkhocth
*
B "H Ha Thxom oKeaHe..." ouih6okko yK33aHO npeSbiBaHHe B.K.Ejnoxepa b
T^aBKOMa s.o 14 hkjjiji 1921 r. B fleuCTBHxe;ibHocTn B.K.Bjiioxep chst c
«°™hoc™ 4 kkuih k
i i

npaBHtejibCTBa ABr JNs JU or ju

Ha3Ha4eH KAABKceHTbeBCKHfi, o nem cBmeTejibcxByex npHKaa
kiojih (rAXK. * 19 on.lji.56, jt.138). CooTBexctBeHHo
ouih6o4ho yKasaHo h BpeMH npe6biBaHna
c 15.07.22 r. nepaaa ncwmcb ABKceHTbes-
b aoJiiHocTH' KiaBKOMa zuia K.A.ABKceHTbe B CKoro
cKoro noa npHKaaaMK 4.07.22 r.
" B "H Ha Thxom oKeane ", cip.355, b OTHoiueHHH Hjichob BoeHHoro CoBKTa nonyweH
6bLri HBC HPA h <t>nor» no 18.12.21 r. PcajibHo oh
pw owh6ok. CKa3 a H o, mto C.M.CepbiuieB KoManayJomero BoftCKawH npwaMypCKoro BoeHHoro
6bui HasHaneH 19.12.21 r. Ha ao/iXHocTb
n HKa 3 e Ns. 490 ot 19-12.21 r.
oKpyra c ocxaajreHweM HBC, hto cneuwajibKo noniepKHyxo B P
cut xp.ll, Ji.63). OiejiyeT npw stom saMexHTb,
mto b flojixnocxb HBC oh
(rAXK, $.1317, on.l.,
BCTynitn He 20, a 22 hkmhi 192 lr.
cjiejioBaTcnb-
npHKas 06 yBo^bHeHHH HBC M.H.ry6ejibMaHa aaTwpoBaH 16 jiHBapa 1922 r.,
H na b nonxMocm, xoth noc*e
ho hvxho 3tot iKHb h cHHxaTb nocneflHHM weM ero npe6biBa
thx o6333h hoctch b
Hanpa^eHHH ero b KOMaHjwpoBKy 21.11.21 r. oh 6o^biue He hchojihsui 9
HPA
Bpun HBC BypoB BacmmPi HBaHoam caaJi ao^xHOCTb CM-Cepbiiuesy 22 HKxnsi 1922 r., a
yicasano BpeMa HcnojmeKHH jiojixho-
He 20 KaK CKasaHo b "H Ha Thxom oKeaHe...". Ouih6ohho
r. no 3.01.22 r. B aeiicTBHTejibHo-
cth BPHU HBC CnocKapeBWM AtmpeeM JIyKH4e M c 19.11.21
cth oh BbTno^Hsui ee c 3.12. no 18.12.21 r. BMecxo TP
H<poHOBa E.A., noKa tot speMeHHO Hcnoji-
hsui aoJixHocTb T^aBKOMa HPA h O^ota, n c
27.12.21 no 14.01.22 r. TaK *e ouih6ohho y K aaa H o
.

noroflHHa Msana MHxaiuioBHHa c

speiu npe6 WB aHHH b aojijkhoc™ HBC HPA h 0>JioTa
naaHaneH b 1922 ro-
14 01 21 r BepoHTHo, 3TO o6mchhctc« onenaTKofi, rax KaK noronHH 6mji
BnposeM, 3Ta xe ouiHSKa h b 3h U hk-
zy mh BoeHHbiK Cobct 6bm BoccoaaaH jihuh. 27.06.21 r.
b CCCP", km. 1987 r.
jio'neaHH 'TpaxaaHCKaa BottHa h BoeHHaa HHTepBeHUVia
Oluh6o<wo yKasaHO epeMa npe6biBaHHa b wjixhocth HBC h ana
CMHpHOBa B.M. b ne-
pnofl c 24 Man no 22 hoh6 P s 1922 roaa. PeajrbHo
Cmh P hob BjiaflHMHp AHapeesHH, a He Cmhp-
1922 roaa b nepHoa Ko M aH«H P oBKH
hob B.M., HcnMHiui flo^Hoexb HBC c 30 M a* no 25 vhohh
hfe 321, 341, 398, ™no-
nonuKHa H.M. (rAXK. *.19, on.l. fl.55, n.69% 714, n P H K a3bi HPA
rpai})CKHe otthckh 1922r.).
196
 HanaJibHHK BoeHHO-rtojiHTHiecKoro ynpaBJieHHs: HPA h <PjiOTa: CHOCKa-

pee AHflpeS JlyKHH (5.07 - 3.12.21 r.; 18.12 - 7.03.22 r., 22.04 - 21.05.22 r.);

-
Cmhphob BnaflHMHp AHApeeBHH (21.05 - 30.05.22 r., 25.06 - 24.07.22 r., 28.08

18.09.22 r., OKTaSpb - 16.11.22 r.); EapaHueB TeoprHH Jleonwoum, BpHA (30.05
24.07 - 28.08.22 18.09 - OKT*6pb 1922 r.); Opeo6pa?KCHCKHH Mh-
- 25.06.22 r., r.,

xaiui, BPM/J, (7.03 - 22.04.22 r.).

KoMaHflyromHii BoficKaMH HPA b ripHMopcKOH o6jiacra RBP (c 15.07.20 -

KOMaHflyiomHH BoiiCKaMH K)>KHoro ripHMopba): TpaBHHKOB K.A.

-
(16.12.20 r.

10.03.21 r.); JlenexitH AjiencaHAP IleTpoBHH (10.03 - KOHeu. 0KT»6pa 1920 r.);

JlymcoB neTp Ahhchmobhh, BPH/J, (HecKOJibKO ahch b KOHue OKT»6pa 1921

r.);

naBxroBHH HecKOJibKO AHeii b Hoa6pe 1921 r.); JleymHH

BJianHBOCTOKOB Bhktop (

(c cepe^HHbi Hoa6pa ao cepeAHHbi AeKa6pa 1921 r.).

KoMaHAyiomHH 2 AMypcKofi apMHefi HPA: Cepbimes CTenaH MHxafijio-

-
bh4 (8.11.20 - 6.03.21 r.; 11.06 - 6.07.21 r.); naBJioB Cepreit Amhtphcbhh (6.03
11.06.21 r.); IIIkojihh Aapwan AupHaHO b hh, BPHA (6.07.21 r.
- ao KOHua pac-

(JjopMHpoBaHHa apMHH, npoxoAHBiuero 10.07 - 30.07.21 r.).

BoeHHbiM KOMHecap 2 AiwypcKOH apMMH: MejibHHKOB Eopwc HHKOJiaeBHH

(4.12.21 r. - ?); riocTbiuieB naBeji neTpoBHH.
HanajibHHK uiTa6a 2 AMypcKOH apMHH: BypoB AjieKcaHAP AjieKcaHApo-
bhh (8.11 - 17.11.20 r.); BypoB BacHJiHM HBaHOBKH (17.11.20 r. - 6.03.21 r.);

IIIkojihh AflpHaH AflpHaHOBHH (6.03 - 6.07.21 r.).

KoMaHflyiomHH BOftcnaMH npHaMypcKOii h npHMOpcKoft o6jiacTeH

(AMypcKofi AHBH3HM): JIanHH A:ib6epT HBaHOBHi (JlanHHbiu Ajib6epT

Ahobhh,
12.07-21.09.2! r.).

HanajibHHKuna6a bohck npnaMypcKOH h npHMOpCKOH o6jiacTefl

JlyuKOB
(AMypcKOM JJHBH3HH): IIIkojihh AApHaH AapHaHOBHM (? - 6.09.21
neTp Ahhchmobhh (6.09 - 21.09.21 i .).

BoeHHblH KOMHCCap AMypCKOH AHBH3HH: MejibHHKOB BOPHC HHKOJiaeBHH

(15.07- 21.09.21 r.).

KoMaHAyioujHH BoiicKaMM npmaMypcKoro BoeHHoro onpyra: JIanHH Ajib-

HHKOJiaeBHH, spna
6epT MBaHOBHH (21.09 - 24.11.21 r.); MejibHHKOB BopHC
CepbioieB CTenaH MHxaiiJiOBHH (19.12.21 r. - 11.03.22 r.).
(24.11 - 19.12.21 r.);
C.M.CepbiujeB oAHOBpeweHHO hbjihjicji KOMaHAyiomHM Boctohhhm
ITpn 3tom
(IppOHTOM H no CyTH BbinOJIHflJt TOJIbKO 06a3aHHOCTH KOM(})pOHTa.
HanajibHHK uiTa6a npHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra: EpeMHH BaneHTHH
CtenaHOBHH, BPHA (23.09.21 r. - 25.12.21 r.)\

*
JlyUKOB n.A. Bcero asa una, 21 k 22.09.21 r., 6bui HUI
npwaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra.
Cor/iacKO np. N° 160 - 22.09.21 r. oh ompaBJieH b KOMaHjHpOBKy b
HpHMopbe win neperoBopoB
c KannejieauaMH h paooTbi b urra6e BoiicK
ripKMopcKoii o6/iacra, nocjte aioro kjwjdkhocth HUI
ocBo6o>KaeH ot Hee 3.02.22 r., xotsi y*e no6bi-
He BoiBpauiajTCH, ho tcm He Menee o(pnunajibKo
k Ha^ajibHHKOM nojieBoro uiTa6a Bjiioxepa.
Baji b pejepBe
 .

HjieHM BoeHHoro CoBCTa ripHaMypcicoro soeHHoro oicpyra: Mcjii>hhkob

Bophc HHKonaeBHH (21.09 - 24.11-21, 19.12 - 27.12.21 r.); nocrauieB naBen

nerpoBHH (1 1.11.21 - 26.2.22 r.); ABjieeB AneKcefl (3.02 - 4.05.22 r.)*

KoMaHAyiommi BoficKaMH 3a6aHKajibcicoro BoeHHoro oicpyra: CepwuieB
CrenaH MnxaiiJiOBHH (oiiHOBpeMeHHO npojiojrscaji ocraBaTbca HBC HPA h
Ojioxa h BPHfl TjiaBKOMa, 3.11-19.11.21 r.); <t»JieroHTOB AneKcefi
KaHHabeBHH
- 25.12.21 r.); JIanHH
(19.11 - 3.12.21 r.); Cepe6pOB BaJiepbHH HnKOJiaeBHi (3.12
Ajn,6epT Hhobhh, 25.12.21 - 4.05.22 r.).
Ajib6epT HBaHOBHH (JlanHHbiii r.

HanajibHHK uiTa6a 3a6aHKaJibCKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra: Cepe6poB Bajiepb-

HHKonaeBHH (3.11 3.12.21 r.; 3.01 6.02.22
- - r.); G>miapeTOB EBreHHH JXmht-
hh
paeBHH, BPHfl (3.12.21 - 3.01.22 r.; 6.02 - 4.05.22 r.).

MneHbi BoeHHoro CoBeTa 3a6BO: OneroHTOB AneKceft KaHHflbeBHH (3.11

- 19.11.21 r.); Biojuiep BoJibfleMap AneicceeBHH, Bpua (3.12.21 r. - 6.03.22 r.);
^ko6coh Amht P hh, BPHfl (6.03 - 25.03.22 r.); AH3e H 6epr rpnropnii Cojiomo-
hobhh (25.03-6.05.22r.).
BoeHHoro CoBera BpeMeHHoro npasirrejibCTBa npHMop-
npeflceaaTejib
CKofi o6jiacTH 3eMCKOH ynpaBbi: MeflBeaeB AjieiccaHAp
Ccmchobhh (9.02 - 7.04.20
r noMouwHK npeaceflaTejia BoeHHoro CoBeTa: JlHHfl6epr MnxaHJi flKOBJieBHH
).

(9.02 - 6.03.20 r.); Jla30 Ceprefl reopraeBHn (6.03 - 5.04.20 r.).

HneHbi BoeHcoBera: TacJieeB H.n., TepBac A.C., AneKceeB A.T. (Bee c 9.02
(Bee c 6.03- 5.04.20
- 6.03.20 r.); Cn6npueB B.M., JlymcHH A.H., JlHnm6epr M..H.
r.); CeKpeTapb BoeHCOBeTa: BeprMaH A.<D. (9.02 - 6.03.20 r.); MenbHHKOB Bopnc
HHKOJiaeBHH (6.03 - 5.04.20 r.).

KowiaiiayKHHHM BoopyaceHHbiMH cyxonyTHbiMH h mopckhmh CHJiaMH

Bpe-

npaBHtenbCTBa IlpHMopcKOH o6nacTH 3cmckoh ynpaBbi: KpaKOBeiiKHH

MeHHoro
ApKaOTH AffroHOBHq (3.02 - 7.04.20 r.); ByuraKOB-BejibCKHH HBaH reopraeBHi
(Ha3HaieH BpeMeHHbiM PeBOJiioiwoHHbiM Komhtctom b r.HMaH; 25.05 - 3.06.20
- 16.12.20 r., HasHaneH BjiaaHBocrroK-
r.); BoJiflbipeB BacwiHH reopraeBMH (7.04

CKHM BpeMeHHbiM npaBHTeJIbCTBOM).

HawibHHK uiTa6a cyxonyrabix h mopckhx can BpeMeHHoro npaBHxenb-
CTBa npHMopcKoii o6jiacTH 3eMCKofi ynpaBbi: /^oMaHeBCKHH (17.02.20 r. - ?); Ah-
TOHOBHM A.T.

OieayeT HMeTb a Bwry, hto HBC npHaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra

* owoBpeMeHHo, notjie
coMamw BocTOMHoro (ppoHTa, 6buin MBC 4»poHTa.
PeaabHo C M.Cepbiuieu 6bm oTCTpaHeH ot BbinojiHeHHa o6a3aHKocreB
no 3aHHMaeMbiM
ihcjiom yKasuBaeT H a
hojixkoctkm c 26 (jjeispajia 1922 r., a npnKa3, oraaHKbiii b anpejie, aaflHHM
ompaBKy CepuiueBa b otnycK c MapTa. Ilocne 3Toro KOManayioiiiHK ITpwaMypcKHM bochhum
U
Maa 1922 r.
oKpyroM He HaaHaqanca, xotb oKpyr pac<j>opMnpoBaH no npiucaay ot 2
yBOJien b aHBape 1922
B.H.MejibKHKOB chat c nojiJKHoctH HBC 27.12.21r., hs paaoa apMHK
rasa.

198
 YnpaBJiaiomHH bochhmm h mopckhm bcaomctbom (ojjHOBpeMeHHO KOMaH-
pymfmvL BoflCKaMH IlpHMOpcKoii o6jiacTn): EonAbipeB BacmiMH reopraeBHH
(29.05- 16.12.20 r.).

4>pOHTH, C03aaHHbie HapOaHO-peBOJUOUHOHHblMH B0HCK3MH

Ha .ZJajibHeM BocTOKe b 1920 - 1922 roaax

Xa6apoBCKHH (Boctohhmh) «ppoHT AiMypcKOfi o6;iacTH

(6.04 - 23.10.20 r.)

-
KoMaimyiomHM $pohtom: EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH HBaH reopraeBHH (6.04
- 30.07.20 r.); <J>JieroHTOB
22.04.20 r.); CepbimeB CrenaH MnxaHJiOBHH (22.04
- 23.10.20 r.). C 10 hkwis fcpoHT HasHBajica Xa6a-
AjieKceK KaHHflbeBHH (30.07
poBCKoe HanpaBneHHe AMypcKoro <J>poHTa, hjih *e Boctohhmh (fcpoHT.

<J>poHTa: BeneaceB Ceprefi reopraeBHH (6.04 - 18.07.20

HanajibHHK urra6a
Hctomhh AneiccaHflp (18.07 - 26.09.20 r.); XpeHOB ArieKcaHflp <D>HJiHnnoBHH
r.);

(26.09- 23.10.20 r.).

Xa6apoBCKO-CnaccKHK <pponr (npaBo6epe>Kbe AMypa k rory ot Xa6apoB-

CKa h MecTHOCTb k ceBepy ot r.CnaccKa (6.04 10.05.20
- r.).

KoMaiwyiomHfi $pohtom: EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH HBaH reopraeBHH (6.04 -

24.04.20 KynpeccoB Bji£Whmh P HBaHOBHH (24.04 - 10.05.20 r.). Ha CnaccKOM

r.);
ByjiraKoaa-BejibCKoro HI, boh-
ynacTKe 4>pOHTa, npH o6meM KOMaHflOBaHHH
AneKcaHflp
cKaMH KOManaoBaii b nepHOfl 10.04 - 24.04.20 r. AHnpees-KorauioB
C&OMHH.
urra6a 4>poHTa: cDnerOHTOB AjieKceii KaHHflbeBHH
HananbHHK
(10.04.20r.-?).
Oxotckhh (ppoHT (HnKOJiaeBCKHH, 22.04 - 0KTH6pb 1920 r.).
KoMaHflyromHH Oxotckhm <}>pohtom: Tphhhumh Akob HBaHOBHH
(22.04 -

- OKT*6pb 1920 r.).

4.07.20 r.); AnnpeeB HBaH Thxohobhh (7.07
HanajibHHK niTa6a OxoTCKoro 4>poHTa: JIe6efleBa-KHauiKO HwHa Mnxaft-
- OKTs6pb
noBHa (22.04 - 4.07.20 r.); Aholukhh Mnxaiui OeflOpOBHH(7.07.20
1920 r.).

BocToiHO-3a6aHKajibCKHH tppoHT
(21.04.19 r.- 7.10.20 r.)

}KypaBJieB naseji
KoMaHjxyromHH BocTOHHO-3a6aHKajibCKHM (ppoHTOM:
Hmcojiaemra (21.04.19 r. - 23.02.20 r.); KopotaeB Akob HHXOjiaeBHH (2.03-

199
16.04.20r.); IIIhjiob ^mhtphm CaMOHJioBHH (22.04 - 6.07.20 r.)*; JlyKC Kapn Xho-
bhm (JIoHflo Bhktop BnaflHMHpoBHH, 6.07 - 11.09.20 r.); IlonoB BjiaanMnp AHa-
TOJibeBHH" , BPHR (11.09 - 7.10-20 r.).

Ilpe3H,anyM BoeHHOro KOMMCcapnaTa AiviypcKOro HCnojiKOMa 19 MapTa

1920r. Ha3HaHHJi
fl.C.IIlHjiOBa KOMaHjxyiomHM BocTOHHo-3a6aHKaxrbCKHM
<}>pOHTOM,HO (J)aKTHHeCKH oSbeflKHeHHe peBOJ!K)UHOHHbIX BOHCK AMypCKOH 06-
nacTH h BocTOMHoro 3a6aHKajiba noa eflHHoe KOManaoBaHHe npon30iuuio b pe-
3ynbTaTe M36paHHH HnaBKOMOM fl-CIilmioBa Ha II cbe3^e Boctohho-
3a6aiiKajibCKoro (})poHTa 22 anpejia 1920 ro.ua.
HanajibHHK uiTa6a BocTOHHo-3a6aihcajibCKoro (fipOHTa: KHprn30B CTenaH
CHaopoBHH (21.04.19 r. - 22.04.20 r.); JlyKC Kapji Ahobhh (JIohao Bhktop Bna-
AHMHpoBHH, 22.04 - 6.07.20 r.); IlonOB BjiaflHMHp AHaTOJibeBHH, Bpn/i (6.07 -
1 1 .09.20 r.); CeBepaHHH, BPH£ (1 1.09 - ?).

HneH BoeHHoro CoBera BocTOHHo-3a6aHKajibCKoro (j)poHTa: /JejibBwr

MnxaHJi 3pHecroBHH (20.06 - 7.10.20 r.).

AlMypCKHH CppOHT HPA JlfiP

(22.04 - 24.11.20 r.)

AMypcKHM ^pohtom: UIhjiob /Imhtphh Ccmchobhh (22.04

KoMaHflyiouiHH
- 18.08.20 CepbimeB CTenaH MnxaHJioBHH (20.08 - 24.11.20 r.); )KnrajiHH
r.);

.Hkob OaBnoBHH, BpeMeHHo HcnojiHHJi o6»3aHHOCTH KOMaHflyiomero <£pohtom

(Hionb - aBrycr 1920 r.).

HananbHHK tuxaSa AMypcKoro (ppoHTa: EypHH H.n. (? - Hionb, asrycT,

OKTa6pb 1920 r.); Bypos AneKcaHflp AneiccaHflpoBHH, Bpw (b ceHxa6pe, OKXa6pe
HHoa6pe 1920 r.)**\
HjieHbi BoeHHoro CoBeTa cpponTa: 3KHranHH .Hkob IlaBJioBHH (10.08 -
24.1 1.20 r.), Bejie>KeB Cepreft TeoprHeBHM (18.07 - 24.11.20 r.).

HpHKa30M ot 15.12.20 r. (rAXK,

JNe 101 1317, on. 2. n.3, ji.167) onpeae-
neHO, hto c 4.12 BMecTO BoeHCOBeTa, b cbk3u c peopraHH3auHCH apMHH, Ha3Ha-
naexca bochkomom MenbHHKOB B.H., a }KnrajiMH h Bejie>KeB OTKOMaHflHpoBaHbi
b pacnopa5KeHHe riojrax3MHCcapa Bcex BOopy>KeHHbix chji JXBP. 3to CBHaeTenb-
CTByeT, hto BoeHCOBex (fcpOHTa cymecxBOBaji eme HeKOTopoe BpeMH nocne okoh-
naHHH SoeBbix fleKcTBHH 24. 1 1 .20 r.
BBHfly pac$opMHpoBaHHfl IHxa6a AMypcKoro 4>poHTa npm<a30M N° 56 c
25 Hoa6pa 1920 roaa npHKOMaHflwpoBaH k urra6y DiaBKOMa ao Ha3HaHeHna Ha
HOByK) flOJIHCHOCTb 6bIBUIHH Hill (J)pOHTa BypHH.

*
UIhjiob R.C. c 22.04.20 r. 6wji PjiaBHOKOMaHayromMM BocTOHHo-3a6afiKMi>CKoro h
AMypcKoro (fcpOHTOB, »ito b onpeae^eHHofl Mepe cnocofjcTBOBa^o cywecTBOBaHKio noHHTMS
"BocroMHo-3a6aiiKa«bcKHfi <ppoKT" no OKTaSps 1920 rojia.
" B "H Ha Thxom oKeaiie..." tuia BPHR KoMaaayiomero rionoBa B.A. ouih6o<iho aanbi
HHHUHajlbt H.H.
'*'
ToHHbie aarbi npeSbiBaHMJt B hojixhoctw HLU anx BypHHa k BypOBa ydaHOBHTb noKa
He yaajiocb.
200
 BOCTOHHMH (jjpOHT HPA flBP
(25.12.21 r.- 2.05.22 r.)

-
KoMaHflyramHH 4>pohtom: CTenaH MuxaHJioBHH CepbiiueB* (25.12.21 r.
26.02.22 r.); noxyc ^kob 3axapoBHH (26.02 - 2.05.22 r.).
HaqaxibHKK uiTa6a <J>poHTa: EpeMHH BajieHTHH CxenaHOBHH, BPHfl
(25.12.21r. - 24.02.22 r.); FlejieHKHH IleTp ^kobjicbhh" (24.02 - 28.03.22); IUko-

jihh AapnaH AjipHaHOBHH (28.03 - 2.05.22 r.).

HneHW BoeHHoro CoBCTa Boctohhofo (J)pOHTa: MenbHHKOB Bopnc Hhko-
jiaeBHH*" (25.12 - 27.12.21 r.); nocTbinieB llaBeji rieTpoBmi (25.12.21 r. - 26.02.22

r.); ABfleeB AneKceM (3.02 - 2.05.22 r.).

BocroHHoro (JipoHTa 6bin o6pa30BaH H3 mTa6a IlpHaMypCKoro bo-

l!lTa6
eHHoro OKpyra no npHKa3y jN° 143 25.12.21 r.

"
B c6opHHKe "H Ha Thxom OKeaHe..." cxasaHO, hto BocroHHbiii (J>poHT oopasoBaH
18.12.21 r., B 3tot xe aeHb C.M.CepbiweB HasHaneH ero
KOMaHAyrowHM. PeaAbHO CM. Cepbi-
iueB 6biA TOAbKo 19.12.21 wranaieH KOMaHAyiomi™ BoSicKaMH IlpHaMypCKoro BoeHHoro ok-
r.

pyra, a comaHKe (ppoHTa o6pa30Ba™eM mra6a Boctohhoto <ppoi-rra c

cjicayeT c i iHT3Tb AMUib c
25.12.21 r., xots cppom-aAbHbie 6oeBbie aeiicTBHa HPA npoTHB flaAbHe-BocTMHOH ApMviH Hana-
mcb 1 acKaSpst 1921 ro.na.
" npHKasoM N° 69 ot 8.02 c 3 4>ciipajia BPHA HLU BoCTOisioro (ppoHTa HasHavcn
n.fl.HejieHKWH, ho b aojixHoctb BCTynviu 4.02.22 r. ripHKasoM N° 100 ot 11
Map Ta 1922 rojxa
HLU BocroMHoro (ppoHTa HasHaien A.A.UIkoamh, ho cmchmji n.fl.neAeKKHHa TOJlbKO 28.03.22r.
"• E.H.MejibHMKOBa
B yK33aHHOM c6opHHKe "H Ha Thxom oKeane..." apeMsi npe6btBanns!
2.05.22 r. B AefiCTBHTeAbHOCTH npMtcaaoM
b aoaxhoctm 4BC BocroMHoro (ppoHTa onpeAeACHo no
CoBeTa h HanpaejieH B
N° 534 ot 27.12.21r. ok ocBo6o>KAeH ot o6si3aHHoCTeil MjieHa BoeHHoro
pacnopaxeHHe HaiaAbHHKa Tbwa npnaMypcKoro BoeHHoro OKpyra Tpwponosa EBrcHHS AHapee-
nepByio «eicaay
BHna (rAXK, cp.1317, on.l, A.12, ji.41,42), ho 3ajjepxajica Ha cppoHTe rtOMTK bcio
siHBapa 1922 roAa. B stHBape yBOJien m
phaob HPA no 6ojie3HH.
B c6opHHKe CKaaaHO, mto AweeB HBC BocT04Horo $poHTa 6ma c 4.03.22 r., b AeilcTBM-
TWibHoc™, corAacHO npHKa3y N° 199, oh BCTynwji b wcnOAHeHHe o6H3aHHOc™ HjiEHa BoeHHoro
CoBeTa c 3 cpeapaAH 1922 roAa.
6oAbuiHHcTBy rrpHKa-
B oTHOuieHHM LUKOAHHa A.A. CAeayer cKasaxb, ito no aScoAiOTHOMy
npoxoAHT KaK AapwaH AnpnaHOBHH a AHiub b HecKojtbKHx nocAeAHHX ero Ka3bmaiOT Ah-
3ob oh
MiweH cywecTByeT hmh
AptsaHOM AHApHaHosnqeM. CorAacno uepKOBHowy cnpaBOHHMKy My*CKMX
AapnaH, naao noAaraTb, HMeHKO tsk ero H Ha3BanH npH KpemeHWH.
c6op-
CneAyeT 3aMeraTb, hto MHorwc hctohhoctm m oluh6kh, AonyiueHHbie cocTasHTeAflMH
HHKa O&bHCHfllOTCSI npHMbIM 3aMMCTBOBaHHeM H3 III TOMa "flHpeKTKB
KOMaHAOBaHHH 4>pOHTOB
KpacHoS PA mkh-(1917 - 1922 rr.)", H3AaHHbix MO CCCP, M„ 1974 r., 6e3 cooTBeTCTBywmett
npoBCpKH no apxMBHMM MaTepHa^aM.
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 HMEHHOH yKA3ATEJIb
xut paiaejta «HapoaHo-peBomounoHHiui apMHsi flajikMe-BocroiHoa Pecny6jiHKH»
AnnecB AneKceR — 38, 39
ABKceHTbeBCKHfi KoHCTaHTKH AneicceeBHH — 39, 41
Atccb AneKcaimp BacHJibeBHH — 49
AjieKcanupoB 26 —
AjTCKcaHflpoB — 7
AneKcecB A. T. — 15
AnaKcaropoB — 15
AnaepcoH Aneiccaiinp XpHcrocpopoBii-j — 26
AanpeeB AneKCamp <Pommm (oh xe KonunoB) — 14, 16, 19
AHflpeee HeaH Thxohobhh — 14
ApryHOB AipHHoreH raBpwioBHi — 36
ApxioxoBCKMii - 12, 21, 24, 29, 30, 35

Bajia6yxa lOpHft AneKceeBHi — 37, 40

EameMKHH — 6
BapaHOB — 22
EapaHOB — 17
BapaHOB B. A. — 6
BapaHOB — 12, 16
Ee6eHHH — 13
Be3poaHbix Hnbsi FpHropbCBHH — 12, 21, 47
Eejibros BjiaaHMHp ricTposHH — 26
EeprMaH A, <t>. — 15
Ejiwxep Bacurmfl KoHCTaHTHHOBHW -
3, 26, 27, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 47
BoftKO-naajioB JeMWiH HBaHoann 3, 13, 14, 17 —
EonaupeB BacHJiHH TeopraesMq 24, 25 —
EoHaapeB E. 22 —
Eop30B-Kouy6a H. H. 13 —
BopncoB —
12
BopoaaBKHH RuaaHMnp AjiCKcatmpoBHM — 41
EopoaHH B, A. — 32
EpawiOBCKHM Mnxann flMHTptieBHq (oh xs EpaHJioBCKHft-MameB) — 26
EpatuioBCKHH — 28
Mwxana H)rbM>(
EyapHH HBaH AneiceaHflpOBHi — 13
Ey3HH-BHH flMHTpMf! CCMCHOBH1 — 13, 47
EytcaTbtfi B. SI. — 5, 6
EyjianoB 22 —
EyjiraKOB-EejibCKHH HBaH reoprnesny — 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 35
EyjIbBHHCKHil KoiICTaHTHH HnKOJiaeBHM — 40
BypHH H. n. 23 —
EypjioB HuKoiaH AnaHbeBHM — 6, 8
EypoB AneKcanap AneKcaaapoBMH 23, 24 —
EypOB BacHJiHfl H BaHOBKH —
7, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28
EypcaK HHKOJiati HBaHOBMH (oh x& E. EnaTJiwimep) — 8
EyroBH-i Mnxawji MwxaiinoBHM — 23
ByrpHH Ahtoh Hhkm<popobhm — 22

BacHjibeB-,Hy6pOBCKHii — 16
BacHjibeB <t>anop BacHJibeBH<J —
25, 26, 30, 35, 38, 40
BarMaH EBreHKft BnannMMp0BH4 40 —
(j)OH Bax — 46
BaxpainceB HHKOJiaft HBaHOBHH 8 —
BeaepuMKOB Ulerp HnHOKCHTbeBnw — II

BejiejKeB CepreB leoprneBHH 22 — 12, 17,

Bep)K6MUKHfi rpwropHil AcpaHaCbcBHi 32 —
BcpuiHHHH 7 —
BVUICHCKHH BjiajlHMHp flMHTpMCBHt 9 —
BHXnSH[ieB 17 —
B/ianKBocxoKOB Bhktop FlaanoBH 1) 16 —
BjiacoB HmcajiaR HHHOxeHTbCBH'i 24 —
BojikOB B. — 50
Bojikob Hun — 38
BoJionuiH H. H — 43
Bocipeuos CrenaH CepreesKK — 35
BpauiTOib - 17
BflTKHH — 20
BonbCKHii Mnxawi rieTpoBHq (oh arc Mwiukhh) —
TaM3arypan TeoprMfl HnicojiaeBH 1) — 8, 26
Tepeac A. C. 15 —
Tmhtobhh — 19
DiaroJicB Bacmmii FlaBflOBm — 39
Dia3KOB AncKceft AjicKcanapoBKi — 39
Dia3KOB CtenaK ©mopobhm 25 —
rmuiocbrpoB 39 —
ToHuapeBHH — 26
TorrapOB Hm«xnaw Ky3bMHH — 7, 8
TyoeJibMaH Monceit H3pan^eB«>! — 9, 28, 30
TypKO — 16
rypcKHfi RnattHoiaB BflaawcjiaBOBm — 38
Tycea HBaH flamtnoBHH 22 —
TyTKOBCKHfi Mnxawi Ccmchobhh 9 —
rojiburo(i> BjianHMHp AneKcampOBm — 24, 42

flBOpHHOB BjEUHMKp HHKOJiaeBMM 48 —

flBopaHOB HMKonaii BacmibeBHH 6, 48 —
fleMbHHKOB 21 —
flcHHcoB neTp HHKonacBm 29 —
flep6ep IlcTp Hkobjicbhh 15 —
,E[epra>ieB 6—
flMTepHXC MHXaHJl KoHCTaHTHHOBKI 15, 41 —
flo6poHpaBOB B. H. 6 —
X[OKy>JaCB AHBTOJIMii HB3HOBHM — 50
IlOMaHCBCKHM 15 —
JlyMKKH B. 19E. —
flbHHKOB AnOJUlOH HHKOJiaeBH"J — 40

EmaKOB HHKH(J)0P yjIbHHOBMH — 30

Epcmhh BaJienTHH CTcnaHOBKi — 24, 29, 35, 41

)KapucB —
7
Xcjic3hh <DejK>p BaCHjibeBHK — 4, 14
JKiinuiHH JIkob naBnoBMi - 20, 21, 22, 26
XypaaneB IlaBCJi HmcOTiacBHi — 11

3aropcKHti-CTauieBM — 17
3ajlyUKHft T. I". - 19
3apyKKH — 28
3axapoB AncKcamp HwcojiaeBHi — 38, 39, 47
3&epeB flaumtn Ebaokhmobkh — 6, 47
3eJienyrMH PleTp <t>eaopoBHH — 29
3hhcbhm ApKaawii BacmibCBHH — 28
3o/lOTOB riCTp MHXaflJIOBMM — 24
3OT0B — 17
3y6xOB — 13
3y6oB - 7

Hbshob — 8
Hbbhob — 12
Hbsihob n. M. - 16, 17
Hbkob — 17
HjibioxoB HHKO.iaw KupwuioBHH — 17
HjlbTOUlHH — 19
HcHKaBa — 13
HCTOMHH — 21

280
Ka6pnuKMfi — 8
KasaxoB Ommnn rpnropbC8HH 39
Ka3anx<n EBrcHMft <Pomh>i 21, 23, 24 —
KanauiHHKOB H. C. 5, 6, 8 —
KajiHHMHeHKO 30 —
KajiMbiKOB HsaH riaBJioBHH — 15
KanmOHOB — 8
Kann&nb BjiaaiiMKp OcKapoBwq — 6
KapaceB — 12
KapaxaH Jlea MnxafijioBn<i 37, 42 —
KapjTOE-HjItKOB flMHTpHfl <I>HJinnnoBH<i — 35
KapTaiucB Ajkckcch EpinojiacBHM 38 —
KauiMH — 7
KauiKajiaMOB 6 —
KcjitwaHOB MwxaHJi IlaBJioBHH — 21
KwcejieB AneKcanap HuKOJiacBHH — 26
KnonoB MMxamr MttxafwoBHM — 26
KoBHauKHH AneKcanap HaaHOBMH — 26
Koxichko (oh ace JIaao C. T.) — 20
KoaflOB — 16
Komob — 7
komobckmh — 17
KoKyuiKKH 3kob KapnoBKi — 16, 19
Kojiccob Humnaft nerpoBHi — 40
Kojioc JL fl. —6
KcuisaK A. B. — 5
KoMapOB A. H. — 13
KoNtapos — 24
T.

KoMoropucs AHApeii BacHJibCBHH — 22

KottuparbCB rpMropHii BacurcbCBtiq — 23, 30, 40, 47
KoHeB MBaH CrcnaxOBini — 46
KanoBajioB — 18
KontuioB-Aimpeee A. <t>. (on xe AnapceB A. O.) — 14, 16, 19
KopjueHeBcKHfi — 16
KopHMUKHft BHKTOp HoCHCpOBKM — 43
KoponeB — 39
KopoTaeB Akob HHKOJiacBHM -
11, 22, 24, 28, 29, 31, 35, 38, 47
KopOTKOB 26—
KOTCJIbHHKOB JICOHUS MflaHOBMI 37 —
KOUJKHH — 32
KpaKOBcuKMii ApKaaHfi Ahtohobh^ —15, 16, 18, 19
KpaciiomeKOB AicKcasmp MnxafijioBH»i (oh To6eju>coH A(>paM Momcccbwi) — 9, 10
Kyrcjib — 7
KysHcuoB — 7
KysbMHH naaeji Hmkhthh - 28, 29, 31, 37
KyjlHKHH — 7
KynpeccoB BjiaaHMwp HBaHOBKM — 17, 19
KyuiHHKOB VI. <t>. 28, 29 —
Jlaoo Ccprefi reoprjtcBMW — 11, 19, 20
Jlanwi Aib6epT Hb3hobh4 (oh xe JlanHHbui Aiib6epT Hhobhm) — 27, 29, 30, 33 , 47
HarrraujeBCKJifi — 8
JIcScacb EsreHMfi BjiaflHMHpoBHi — 6, 8, 10, 47
Hc6meB rcopraft BnccapwoHOBHM — 37
JlenexHH AneKceii TIctpobhh 28 —
JlMHa6epr Mnxaiu Hkombbhm 15 —
JIobuob HHKOJiaB AncKcaHapoBHH 22 —
JlyKC Kapn JIhobkh (oh xe JIohjio Bhktop BjiannMHpoBH<0 — 11, 23
JlytlKMfl AjieKcefi Hhkojihcbhh — 15
JlyUKOB IleTp Ahhchmobhh — 29, 30
JIbBOB JI. H. - 43

Marep B. fl. — 30
MaKapoB — 24
MapronHH CeMeH JUohhiobhi — 25
MaTBeeB — 7
MaTBcee Hmauiail MwiaitnoBMH — 37
MenBcaeB — 17
MeflBeaeB Ajieiccanap Ccmchobmh — 15, 19

MencxMH HBaH Skosjicbhs — 16

MttlbHHKOB — 17
McjibHHKOB Bopwc HHKOJiacBMH — 15, 30, 33, 34, 47
MentHHKOB dnmunn ^mmtphcbhh — 12, 21

MMpJiao —
29
MojiiaHOB A. E. — 6
MojiiatioB Bmcrop MnxaRjroBHq (oh jkc Bhktophh MuxzwKmm) - 4, ji, 43

MopCHKOB ©. E. — 6
MyxaneB Bopwc HBaHOBHS - 9
MbllHKHH-BojlbCKHft MmUHA IleTpOBHH (OH XC BojlbCKHfl M. II.) — II, 4Z, *l

Ha3apeHKO Hpoxop HBaHOBHi — 25

HayMOB-Maiweflb T. E. 13 —
HesonHH HwcoftaR MHxaiinoBHH — 22, 37, 47
HeftMati KoHCTaHTKH AsrycTOBHM — 20, 29
HeKpacoB — 17
HeiaeB KoHCrraHTHH HKKonaeBHi — 37
Hhkhthh — 36
Hhkkthh C. B. - 40
HmcanacB AjicKcaHap HHmrcaeBHi — 26
HnJibCOH-I"HpCT HMKOJiafi IlaBJlOBHi — 25, 30, 47
HMCHKaBa 18, 49—
HOBOKUieHOB 7 —
Hockob K>jih8 rpnropW8H<i 24 —
OKa63 — 14
O.ibinaHCKHii Muxawi Mhxbh/iobhh — 39, 42
OpemetiKOB — 8
Opnoa — 16
Opjiob M A. . 26, 27 -
OCKOflKOB 16 —
Ocobcu nasen HmoKpopoBHH — 26

riaBnos —
17
IlaMOB Cepreft flMHTpHeBHH — 20, 25, 26
naaJiKMeHKo 4*. n. 13 —
IlanbMKKOB — 8
nanneHKO HBaH — 25, 26
IlapifceHOB riCTpCcMCHOBKI — 16
[leB3Kep Hocwp MaKCHMOBHH — 7
ITeJieHKHH IleTp Akobtobkh — 8, 26, 35, 37
UlercjiKH JIkob MnxaflJiOBMH — 6, 22, 47
ITeTpeHKO T. H. — 17, 25
nerpoB — 17
ITCTpOB — 17
lleTpOB —43
nerpoB TaBpHHJi TcpacHMOBMH 31, 35 —
IlcTpoB-TcTcpMH Oeaop AitiipecBMH 12, 15, 17, 23, 24 -
IleTpoB Oeaop HMKOJiacBHH 8 —
neiyHHHKOB BjiaflMMHp AneKcanapOBHM 26 —
n/ibiuieBCKHft AneiccaHiip BacmibeBWJ 7 —
HoroflMH HBaH MHxaiiflOBMi — 42, 43
norpaHeBCKHfl 22 —
IIorpeooB EopHC AHflpeeBHH 40 —
noKyc Hkob SaxapoBMi -
35, 36 37, 38, 39, 42, 47 ,

TIoiiko MuxaHjr E<phmobhm 13 —

nonoB BjianHMMp AHaTOJibeBOT 22, 23 24, 28, 29, - ,
34, 35 , 37 , 47

nonoBCKHft n<rrp EBrcHbeBHi 39 -

nopTHHtMH — 17

282
nocTuiiicB HaBej! ITeTpOBHH — 12. 21, 24, 33, 34, 36
noraneHKO <Deaop <t>ttnHnnoBH<{ — 25, 26
riOTaillHHCKHfl 3nHOBHii CCMCHOBHH — 38
riypnypoBCKHfl — 17
ITyMKOB <Peflop A6paMOBH4 — 32
narnaecsiTHMKOB H. — 7

Pa3HH HMKOjiaft BacMJibeBHH — 26

PaTHCK — 16
P03aH0B C. H. 15 —
PO30B AneccaHflp <t>eo<pHJlOBHi 22, 24 —
PyxocyeB-OpabiHCKJifi HsaH BacmibCBHM — 17
POMaHOB — 16
Poctobucb EareHHfl MuxaitaoBiw — 43
PoMauitB —22
PycaHOB KoHcraHTMH JlKORneBH<j — 26
PycaeB Bmcrop Cepreeawq 34, 37 —
Pu6axoB MHxami AncKcawpoBm 39 —
CaBCJIbCB — 12
CaBHiiKiiii A. II. — 25
CaaoBiitiKOB — 16
Cejie3HeB — 17
CeMaujKO A. — 26, 27
Ccmchos rpwropiitt MMxaftflOBH 1! — 4, 5,. 6, 10, 11, 22, 32
CMU04KHH — 17
Ccpe6po» B&ttepKii HmcojiaeBHH — 31
— 23
Cep)KaHT BsficciiaB EBcraipbeBHy
CepuuieB CTenaH MtixaftjioBHK — 11, 12, 21, 23, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36
Cn6npucB Bccbo.ioj MnxaitiOBH'1 — 15, 16
Cn6wpueB Hropb MHxaHjtoBMi — 6
CiowHCKMii Sippawii MapKOBHH — 46
CKypaToa —
20, 24
Cjihhkmh HabH BacmibeBHi — 19
CinarHH B. B. 21 —
C«npHOB BjiaaHMKp AHapceBHi 42 —
CMOJIHH HHHOKeHTMfi CeMCHOBHH 32 —
Cmopoamhob HBaH BacmibeBWj 40 —
CHOCKapeB Anupcii JlyKHH 7, 26, 47 —
CanOBbCB — 7
CrapK reoprafi KapjiOBH4 43 —
CrcnaiioB —
6
CroposKeB Hjikh HsawoBm 8 —
Ctoshobh* AHOpefi BpaHKOBHH — 16
CTpyroB <t>n;innn AnnpeeBHH — 7, 24
CyH4>y AjieKcamp HHKOjiacBMi — 20, 35
Cyp6a - 12, 17

TapTopuftcKnii — 17
Ta<peeB H. n. 15 -
TaiopcKHii CapMar 22 —
To6ejibcoH-KpacHoiueKOB A6pain McmceeBMi — 9, 10, 34
ToKapcBCKHft BanecnaB KoHCTanTidHOBHH 28 —
TOMHH HMKQJTaH flMMTpHSBHM — 34, 35, 37
TpaBHHKOB K. A. — 16, 23, 28
TpmiHccep Mowceil A6paMOBHH 34 —
TpH(poHOB EBreHHfi AaapeeBHM — 28, 33, 34
TpyxHH B. - 21, 24, 28
TpaimubiH JIkob Hb3hobh4 — 3, 4, 11, 13, 14
TyHKOB naseii AneiccaHflpoBKi — 41
TbipTOB Ceprefl <PejiopoBMH — 16

(peaces HBaH E4>hmobhh — 21, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30

<PeaopoB — 16
<t>enopo8 — 17
<J>eaopoB A6paM HKOEJieBH>) — 22
BopMC Mmpohobh
<t>cjibuMan 1
) — 39, 46
cDmiMMOHOB E. B. — 42, 50
<t>MMH-flo6poxOTO0 (oh =kc <t>wmn) — 44
<J>KHKOBCKnit Aneieceft HsaHOBMM — 26
<DjicrOHTOB AneKceH KaHHflbeBHM — 21, 23, 24, 29, 31, 33
<J>pojioB — 26

y6opeBMi HcpoHMM IlcTpoBHH (ok *e ry6apeBHi) — 39, 40, 41, 42, 47

YHrepn cJioh IllTepH6epr Pomsh <J>eaopoBHH — 29
YuiaKOB AneKceii AjicKcecBMH — 25, 26

Xairreea B. E. — 48
XeftcKaneH — 16
XpeHOB AncxcaHap <t>HJinnnoBHi — 24
XpionHH — 40

HaHMiiieB Maxinya MwxaftnOBHM — 8, 26

MepeMHbix MwxaKJi WnbMt 37 —
HepHHJioscKHfl-CoKOJl H. H. 16 —
MepHOB BaneHTMH MaKCHMOBHi — 40
4yryHOB AneKCaHflp HBaHOBHH — 40
HyMaK - 16

UlaMOHMH HBaH Amhtphcbhw — 37

IUeBieHKO TaBpHHJi MaTBeeBlM — 17, 25
UleBwyK HBaH IlaBJioBHH — 13, 17
LUepHH CrenaH Hb0HObk4 13 —
UlepuieBCKHH Eopwc MHxafuioBK'i — 7, 10, 23, 48, 49
UlecxaKOB A. —
17, 22
UIiuioB flMHTpHB CaMofinoBMM — 11, 21, 22
UIimob CrenaH CaMoftnoBHH — 34
UlMpdMOB AjieKcaHap AneKcaHapoBHH — 6, 7, 8, 9
UIhtmkob — 16
IIIhuikhh C. H. 7, 48—
IIlKuiMapeB HHKOJiafi MuxafljioBHH — 23
LIJkojjhhAnpHaH AapHaHOBKi - 7, 10, 23, 25, 29, 35, 37, 38, 46, 48
UIpafl6ep 3ayapa ©phikbhh — 17
Illpaep—7
UlysaeB AjieKcanap Ammtphcbhm — 39

3KXC Tchphx XpHCTodwpoBMM - 3, 8, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 39, 43

JIkmmob Maxap MHxaHaoBHi — 11, 22, 47

JlatyHOBCKHft 40 —
JlHiyroB 3aicnp LUaptMpoBMH 39 —
flpouieHKO EcppcM rpHropteBH 1) (oh ace Epouienico) — 12, 16

284
 CnHCOK COKPAmEHHft
ABHarjiaB — HasanwiHK ynpaaneHMa aanaimn npH DiaBKOiue
aBr. — aerycT
— HassuibHKK aBTOMo6njibHoro ynpaBjicHHH
Ajrrorjtan npH DiaBKOMC
ASH — apTHJUiepHHCKHH 3.HBH3MOH
apM. — apineficKHti
apr. — apTHJinepHfeKMfl
ax. — aTaiuaH
6n. — 6poHenoean
6/n — 6poHcnoeia
BPr — 6pnrana
ETH — 6aTajitou
BTP — 6aTapea
B3B. — B3BOfl
BK. — BOCHHbli) KOMHCCap
BOCHKOM — BOCHHbIM KOMHCCap
BoeKnyp — BoeKHO-nojidTjmecKoe ynpasjieHxe
BPHU — BpCMCHHO HCnOJIHSlOUJIHH aO/IJKHOCTb
BPMO — BpeMeHHO ncnojiHsiioLU.HK o6fl3aHHOCTn
bc. — bo&koboh crapuiHHa
b/ct. — bohckobow crapiuMHa
BCCA — BocTO<iH0-CH6npCKai> CoaerCKax Apmhh
r. — roa; ropojx
ray6. — rayoHiHufi
TAXK — rocyflapcTBCHHbiK apxHB XaoapoBCKoro Kpaa
reH. — reHcpan
reH.-ji-T — rcHcpaji-neMTeHaHT
reH.-M-p — rcHepan-Mafiop
mO — ToeyiiapCTBeHHaa nojiHTHieCKas oxpaHa
a. — acno
HB — flHBH3Hfl
flBH — .IHBH3HOH
flBP — flanbHe-BocTOMHaa Pecny6nHKa
cc. — ecay/i
3a6BO — 3a6attKajibCKHH Boemibifi oKpyr
MB. — 3aBG0yiOLllKH
i-na saaoaa
hm. reH. —
hmchh renepana
hiuk. BTH —
MH»ccncpKbifi 6arajibOH
HmKMaB — HaiaibHHK MHaccHCpHOro ynpaBJicHHd npH DiaBKOMC
MHcapTTjias — Hucneicrop apTHJinepnH npH DiaBKOMe
HHc6poHi7ias — Hncncicrop 6poncHb!x ckji npn HnaBKOMc
HncxaitrjiaB — MitcneKTOp KasaAcpMH npn Dia&KOMc
HHcnexrjraB — HHCneicrop nexOTbi npH DiaBKOMe
K3B. — KaBaUCpMMCKHH
KBPr — KasaAepHiiCKaH 6pnrw
Ka3. — Ka3aiHH
KB ABH — KaBaicpKfiCKnti hhbhshoh
k-h — KanuraH
k-h 2 p. — KanMTaH 2-ro paHra
kom. — KOMaana
KOMaiiA. — KOMaiiayiousHfi
KOMSHCHKa — KOMMyHHCTH«JCCKaa HMCHKa
KOH. — KOHHblK
KI1 — KaBanepMiiCKMB hojik
Jl. — JIHCT
J1CIK. — JierKHH
jioiii. —
^ouiaab
MOTOU. —
MOT0U.HIOI, MOTOUHKHCTHblH
Hap.-peo. —
HapoflHO-peBOJiiouHOHHbiH
Han. —
HanajibHHK
Hai6pnr —
HaianbHMK 6pHrasbi
HaiBOcrjiaB —
HasajibKHK bckhhux coo6wchhh npn DiaBKOMC
HhK.-YcCJPMHCK — rOpOJI HHKOJIbCK-yCCypHHCKHH
HPA — HapoflHO-peBOjiiouHOBHaa apMHH
HP<!> — HaponHo-peBcwiiouKOHHbii! (pjiox
HIII — Ha»iajitHHK urra6a
06aoprjiaB — HanajibHHK ynpaanemui o5opoHbi h oxpamj xenesHbix Jiopor npn I"jiaBKOMe
OK. — OKO/IO
on. — orwcb
op. — opyflne
oco6. Ham. — oco6oro Ha3Ha4CHna
era. — oTaea
Otj. — OraejibHaa (6pwraaa m t. n.)

0(|>. — oipHuep
n. ec. — noawcaya
nex. — nexoTHbiR
n-K — nOJIKOBHMK
IIoapM — nojiHTMMecKMil oracJi apMHH
IIoCpHr — nojiHTMMCCKHM crcaea 6pnraabi
IIorpaHpaAoHrjias — HanajibHMK ynpaBaemia norpaHHHHwx pafionoB ripn
IaaBKOMe
riOJHS — nOflKTHieCKHii OTOCJI aHBHSHH
noan. — noflnoJiKOBHHK
nojiiiT. ynojiH. — noaHTHiecKHft ynojiHOMOMeHHbiii

nOM. — nOMOlUHMK
Iloofogp — nojiKTM-jecKwa oxaea npH ynpaaaeHHK o6opoiiu m
oxpamj *eAe3Hbix flopor
rtopeieps — nojtMTHqecKHft OTaea pe3epBOB
nopyi. — nopyjKK
n/n-x — noanaiiKOBHHK
np. — npnKa3
npan. — npanopuuiK
nyji. — nyacMCT, nyaeMCXHbiH
PBC — PeBBoencoBCT
PrHAHB — PoccHfiCKHfi rocyaapcTBeroUJii HcxopmecKKiS apxws flajibnero BocroKa
pes. — peBoabsep
ca6. — ca6nfl
caM. — caMOUCT
caM. — caMOKaT (Bejiocwnea)
CBH CTpenKOBbift 6aranbOH
CBP — CTpcjiKOBaH 6pnraaa
Cfl — cxpeaxoBaa anBH3HH
CHa6rjiaB — HavaabHMK ynpaBacuwa cna6xennji npvi DiaBKOMC
CII — crpeaKOBbifi noaK
COT. — COTHKK
ct. — cTatuvu
CTp. — CTpCAKOBbiA
ex. — cxcMa
T81K. — TiDKWlblfl
yBy — yeMHoe BOwHcxoe ynpaBaemie
ynp. — ynpaBJieHne
ip.— d>om
XrnH — Xa6apoBCKna rocyaapcTBeHHUii naaaroniHeCKHR HHCXHTyr
X03. — X03»i*CTBeKHblB
XOp. — XOpyHJKMH
UTAPA - UeHTpajibHbift rocyaapcTBCHHbiH apxHB PocckHckoK Apmhw
UCHTpK0Uie3 — UCHTpaJIbHaH KOMHCCKX no 60pb6e C aC3CpTHpCXB0M
MBC — Hacst BoeHHoro CoBCTa
Meji. — nejioBeK
bjt. — uitukh; urra6
bit. k-h — uiTa5c-KannTan

286
 CO^EPIAHHE

ripeimcjioBue 3

HapojHO-peBOJiioiiHOHHaa apuina ^ajibHe-BocroHHOH

Pecny6nnKH 5

Bojio^aeBKa 6e3 JiereHfl 51

BojionaeBeu CrenaH MHxaiiJiOBH4 CepsimeB 70

Cyflb6a KOM6pnra 86

3a6bm>ie BOJioqaeBuw 94
.Hkob HBaHOBHq TpannutiH (repofi hjih 6aHflHT?) 104

«IIo aojiHHaM, no 3aropt$iM» 129

Cyflb6w KOBapHbie H3BHBH 139

JUajibHe-BocTOHHaa ApMHa (Senaa, 1920-1922 rr.) 149

IlocjieflHHM 6ejibiH reHepajr 156

AxaMaH TpHropHH CeMenoB h "ceineHOBUbi" 169

EBpew b rpa>iyiaHCKOH Boime Ha flajibneM BocroKe 1 87

PyKOBOflHiKHH cocraB HapoflHO-peBOJUOuHOHHbix bohck

Ha J^ajibHeM BocTOKe Pocchh (1 920- 1 922 rr.) 1 94

CTpyKrypHbie cxeMbi HapoflHO-peBonKmHOHHbix h

6ejiorBapfleMCKHx bohck 202

Mmchhoh yKa3aTenb 279

Ciihcok coKpameHHH 285

 rpurOpKH JleBKMH
BOJIOHAEBKA EE3 JIErEHfl

JtHHCKjun JIP 0303 !S or 23.06.97 r.

CaiHO • np-»o 23.12.98 r.
60x90/8.
no fl ,.»ca..o K ncna™ 24.03.99 r. <J>opM3T
THpa* 300 Dsca. 3am> 2480.
yC ji. nei. n. 36.0.
npHiMypcuoi: rcorpaipniccKOC o6iucct»o.
680000, r. Xa6apoaCK, jm. UJcehchko,
9.

Xa6apoacica» Kpacaaa THnorpaipwi.

Ccpuureaa, 31.
680038, r. Xa6apoacx, yn.

Tcpmhhojo™ b mure coxpaittMa a opiporpalpnH aaropa.