Section 2

Conduct of Investigation

Type of Explosive
1. Black Powder
2. IED – Improvised Explosive Device
 Fragments – Body of handgrenade
 Sharp Nails – Nails included in hand grenade
ATTEMPTED BOMBING – incidents in which a device designed or purposely made to detonate/ignite
fails to function.

BOMB THREAT – An information or warning, written or oral, claiming knowledge that a dangerous
device, such as a bomb or similar type of explosives.

Bombing – any incident which uses a device constructed with criminal intent and using high explosives,
low explosives, or blasting agents explodes.

Detonating or High explosive but low sensitive. Such as TNT or Dynamite

Deflagrating or Low explosive but high sensitive. Such as Black or smokeless powder.

Definition of Term (cont)

CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION – Comprehensive inquiry of a crime incident by conducting systematic

procedure of various investigative methodologies which involves recovery of physical and testimonial
evidence for the purpose of identifying the witnesses, and arrest of perpetrator(s) for prosecution.

EVIDENCE – The means sanctioned by the Rules of Court, of ascertaining in a judicial proceeding the
truth respecting a matter of fact.

EXPLOSIVE INCIDENTS – Any explosives-involved situation that encompasses bombing, incendiary

bombings, attempted bombings, stolen and recovered explosives, threats to government facilities
involving explosives, hoax devices and bomb threats.

EXPLOSIVES – Any chemical compound, mixture or device, the primary or common purpose of which is
to function by explosion. The term includes, but it is not limited to, high explosives, black powder, pellet
powder, initiating’ explosives, detonators, safety fuses, squibs, detonating cord, igniter cord and igniter.

FISH = Fuse Igniter Shock Heat

FIRST RESPONDERS – Any person or unit who first arrived at the scene and shall endeavor and render
assistance to the victim and to protect and secure the incident scene.

HIGH EXPLOSIVES – Explosives that when subjected to heat, shock or friction will detonate by means of
a blasting cap when unconfined at a speed of more than 5,000 feet per second.

EMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE (IED) – A homemade device consisting of an explosives/incendiary and

firing components necessary to initiate explosion.

Components or Composition of IED

SPICEE – Switch Power Initiator Container Enhancement Explosives.
(1 component missing

LOW EXPLOSIVES – Explosives that when subjected to heat, shock or friction will deflagrate rather than
detonate at a speed of 5,000 feet per second or less. (e.g. Black powder, safety fuses, and “Special
Fireworks” defined as Class B explosives)

Black powder – Cannon powder black.

Smokeless powder – M16 or pistol bullet.
Flash powder – used in fireworks.

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE – Encompasses any or all of object that can be addressed to the senses of the court
that is capable of being exhibited, examined, or viewed by the court.
POST BLAST INVESTIGATION – Comprehensive forensic inquiry specifically on a bombing incident
through conduct of various investigative reconstruction of explosive fragments recovered to determine
the device components, the modus operandi and subsequently to identify the perpetrators(s).
-Done after explosive incidents.
Pre – New
Post – After

RECOVERED EXPLOSIVES & EXPLOSIVE COMPONENTS – Any seized, found/discovered, abandoned, or

illegally purchased (undercover) explosive materials taken into custody by AFP/PNP/PCG and NBI
including those turned – in by civilian or private entity.

SCENE OF CRIME OEPRATION (SOCO) – is a forensic procedure performed by the trained personnel of
the PNP Crime Laboratory and NBI Forensic Laboratory Experts through scientific methods of
investigation for the purpose of preserving the crime scene, gathering information, documentation,
collection and examination of all physical evidence.

Section 4 . General Principles

4.1
4.5
RSP – Render Safe Procedure
-In civilian term.. is to DIFUSE
-100-150 meters. Police Line
-Command Post – Spokes person in behalf. Only allowed person can enter the area.

4.6
-we can coordinate to other allies like US Embassy for assistance.
Section 5 . Concept of Operation
5.1 General Consideration/Rule

 First Responder – Cordon, Preserve & Secure the Crime Scene.

 SOCO/NBI Forensic Experts – The only authorized person to conduct crime scene processing &
laboratory exam, can be assisted by EOD during search.
 PBDC – Only confirmed information shall be reported to PBDC for inclusion in tis database.
-Philippine Bomb Center – only authorities to bring the explosive materials.

IED composition, Battery 9v, Container, Timer and 3 match sticks.

Definition of IED – is a non-military, non-comercial, or modified explosive device designed by the builder
with available knowledge and material to cause property damaged and lost of lives.
- Any emplace destructive device which is intended to hurt, kill or destroy property.
Dynamite – 70% potassium nitrate (ABONO) or Amonium Nitrate, sulfur(Heater of potassium nitrate),
sensitizer(to preserve the explosive). Small amount of friction will trigger the explosion.

Power Source
- Alternating Current (AC)
o Household Current
- Direct Current (DC)
o Batteries
o Solar : Sunlight converted to energy
Note: 0.5 amp is enough to safely fire most detonators
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS
- Transmit energy from power source to load through switch(es

INITIATORS
- Detonator

CONTAINER
- Most IEDs have a container

ELECTRICAL SWITCHES

- Arming switch
- Firing Switch – closes the circuit and ac
FUZING SYSTEM
Three methods on Initiation
Time
Action

Common Electrical Components.

Resistors
Diodes
Transistors
Electronic Switches

Day 2

State Agents – Duty Bearer

Vulnerable sectors -