Name : Khansa Nadiva Fakhirah

Class : XI MIPA 4

Askingfor Suggestion
I’ve got a bad
toothache. What do you
suggest?
Summary
Giving Suggestion Responding the Suggestion
Accepting Suggestion Refusing Suggestion
I suggest/ recommend Yes, I’d like/ love to. I tried that, but…
that you …

What do you advise me You really should/ought That sounds like a good Thanks, but that won’t
to do? to… idea. work/ help because …

What should I do? You’d better … Thank you/Thanks That’s a good idea, but

What ought I to do? Why don’t you go to the I’ll do/try that. No, I’d rather not.
dentist?

Do you have any How about playing Why didn’t I think of I don’t feel like it.
suggestion for me… cards? that?

Social Function of suggestion:

 To ask and give suggestion to someone and give responses to the suggestion whether accepting
or refusing it.

 To help someone who needs any suggestion or advice by giving our personal idea and opinion in
our daily life.

Formula

– Formal: S + Modal (should, ought to, could, etc) + V + complement

S + suggest + (that) + S + should + V + complement

– Informal : WH question → What about going to the cinema tonight?

  What about going to the cinema tonight?

 How about playing cards?

Opinions Is the way you feel or think about something.

Some Opinions:

Mecy : I like Harry Porter movies because the magic seems so real.

Rafly : I don’t agree with you. Harry Porter movies are just overrated.

Narti : I like playing tag because it is so much fun.

Rico : I don’t like playing tag because people end up fighting.

Renda : In my opinion, the government should provide means of sustenance for under privileged
people instead of building tall towers.

Rino : I agree with what you are saying but have you ever thought that building tall tower
provides work forunemployed people?

sentence structure to express opinions.

Subject Verb Object

I Agree With what you are saying

I Don’t agree With you

We Believe This is not the right way to handle things

I Reckon This could be right considering the reasons you have provided

I Doubt That this is possible

We Assume You are blased this issue

I Think You are mistaken

I Don’t think so
Expression

Opinions can be expressed in the ways given below:

Personal point of view General point of view

I think ... Most people do not agree ...

Personally, I think ... Almost everyone ...

In my experience ... Some people say that ...

I strongly believe that ... Some people believe ...

As far as I am concerned ... Of course, many argue ...

From my point of view ... While some peple believe ...

As I understand Generally it is accepted ...

In my opinion ... The majority agree with ...

What I mean is ... The majority disagree with ...

In my humble opinion ... It is sometimes argued ...

I would like to point out that ... While some people believe ...

To my mind ...

By this mean ...

I am compelled to say ...

I reckon ...

As I see it ...

Agreeing or disagreeing with an opinion

Agreeing Disagreeing

Of course I am sorry, I don’t agree with you

This is absolutely right I am not sure I agree with you

I agree with this opinion I don’t agree with you

I couldn’t agree more I am afraid I have to disagree with you

I agree, I never thought of that I do not believe that

Neither do I By this mean

That’s a good point I disagree with you

I think so too I think you are wrong

I agree with what you’re saying but have you ever.. That’s not the same thing at all

It is not justified to say so

I am not convinced that ...

I can’t say I agree with this, and here’s why

Examples:

Statement/Opinion Agree Disagree

Smoking should be bannned in I totally agree that smoking I am sorry but I tend to
public places should be banned in public disagree with you on this
places

Bullying is so prevalent in most I couldn’t agree more with you I think it would be wrong to
schools generalize

Women should not work I think so too. Women should I am afraid I have todissagree
stay at home and take care of with you on this
their children

There are two types of letters of invitation:

1. The format letter of invitation

2. The ordinary letter of invitation.

Characteristics of the Formal letter of Invitation:

1. It is written in the third person.

2. There is no signature
 3. The address is written at the bottom of the invitation, and the date of writing is not given.

4. The Simple Present Tense is used.

5. The abbreviation R.S.V.P (meaning ‘please reply’) is put at the bottom.

6. The layout of the letter is such that each of the following is in a separate line:

 The name (s) given in the invitation:

 The standard expression-requested the pleasure of the company;

 The reason for the invitation;

 The time and date of the event.

The Principal, staff and students of

Townvale Public School
cordially invite your presence on the occasion of the

Founder’s Day
Celebrations

on 21st December, 2012, Monday,

from 05.00 pm to 09.00 pm at
King’s Stadium, Model Town.

Honorable E M Sridharan

will be our proud guest of honor for the day.

RSVP
Charles Frost
Asst. Principal
077-22-13-5654
(Kindly be seated before 4.50.
This invitation admits only three people)
A detailed rout map is overleaf.

Characteristics of the Ordinary (Informal) Letter of Invitation:

1. It is written in the First Person.

2. There is no inside address.

3. The salutation is ‘dear + name.’

 4. The complimentary close is ‘Yours Sincerely’.

5. The date of writing is given but the year is omitted.

6. The writer’s address appears in the usual place.

7. Various tenses are used to suit the sense.

8. The letter does not actually ask for a reply, but the last sentence suggests that a reply is
expected.

Dear Nathan!

I’m celebrating my birthday quite differently this year. We take a bike tour to Bogor.
If you want to be there, that would be great. The trip starts on June 24th at 1 p.m. We meet at my front
door.

Of course you have to bring your bike with you. Everything else (food, drink) is taken care of.
I would prefer if you let me know by Friday next week whether you can really come.

Rosna

Formal and Informal invitations and replies

Replies:

(i) Formal

 Acknowledge the invitation.

 Express your thanks in the third person.

 Mention acceptance on a report specifying the valid reason.

(ii) Informal

 Acknowledge the invitation in first, second person.

 Mention acceptance or refusal specifying the reason.

 Use warm and simple language.

FORMAL REPLY (ACCEPTANCE)

Mr. Raj Kapoor has the pleasure in accepting the invitation of Mrs. And Mr. P.D. Agarwal for their son’s
marriage on 30th Aug’ 11 at 2p.m. He will be glad to attend the marriage on time and to bless the newly
married couple. He has all the best wishes for the bride and groom on that special day.
FORMAL REPLY (REFUSAL)

Mr. Raj Kapoor has much pleasure in receiving an invitation from Mrs. and Mr. P.D.Agarwal for their
son’s marriage on 30th Aug’ 11 at 2 p.m. He regrets to tell that he won’t be able to attend the marriage
party as he has a prior engagement. But his blessings would always be with the newly married couple.

INFORMAL REPLY (ACCEPTANCE)

Howrah Kolkata 27th Aug ’11 Dear Ravi Thank you very much for your kind invitation to the dinner party
at your place on 28th Aug ’11 at 8p.m. I have great pleasure in accepting your kind invitation and I am
glad at your success. I hope very much to have an enjoyable time with you at your residence. Yours
sincerely XYZ

Definition of Analytical Exposition Text

Analytical Exposition is a text that elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding. Its
social function is to persuade the reader that the idea is important matter, and to analyze the topic that
the thesis/opinion is correct by developing an argument to support it.

Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition Text

# Thesis: Introducing the topic and indicating the writer’s point of view.

# Argument : Explaining the argument to support the writer’s position. The number of arguments may
vary, but each argument must be supported by evidence and explanation.

# Reiteration: Restating the writer’s point of view / to strengthen the thesis. We can use the following
phrase to make conclusion in reiteration

Purpose of Analytical Exposition Text

To convince the reader that the topics presented was an important topic to be discussed or gained
attention by way of providing arguments or opinions that support the main idea or topic.

The Characteristics / Language Feature of Analytical Exposition Text:

– Using relational process
– Using internal conjunction
– Using causal conjunction
– Using Simple Present Tense
– Using compound and complex sentence.
– Use word that link argument, such as firstly, secondly, and reasoning through causal conjunction, such
as in addition, furthermore, however, therefore.

Example of Analytical Exposition Text

Cars should be banned in the city

Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths
and other accidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit a deadly gas that
causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ of asthma. Some of these illnesses are so
bad that people can die from them.

Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars commonly hit pedestrians in
the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or concentrate
on your homework, and especially talk to someone.

In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.

In general we tend to use the active voice. That is when a subject does an action to an object.

Example : Somebody stole my laptop. (subject = Somebody / action(verb) = stole / object = my laptop)

The passive voice is used when we want to emphasize the action (the verb) and the object of a sentence
rather than subject. This means that the subject is either less important than the action itself or that we
don’t know who or what the subject is.
Example :
o My laptop was stolen. (The object – now the subject = My laptop / action= was stolen)

o Passive: Napa Valley is known for its excellent wines.

o Active: [Many people] know Napa Valley for its excellent wines.

o Passive: Twenty civilians were killed in the bomb explosion.

o Active: Someone killed twenty civilians in the bomb explosion.
The passive agent

When we know who the subject is, we put it at the end with by. We call this an agent.
o Passive: The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci. (agent =Leonardo Da Vinci )
o Active: Leonaro Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa.

Most writing instructors and editors recommend against using the passive voice, when possible. The
reason for this is that when you use the active voice, your writing is clearer and less complicated.
o Active: While Mr. Taylor was driving down Highway 101, a police officer pulled him over and
gave him a speeding ticket.
o Passive: While Mr. Taylor was driving down Highway 101, he was pulled over and given a ticket
by a police officer.
If it’s a long sentence and you know who the subject is, it’s best to use the active voice.
The passive is often used to report something or to state a fact.
o Highway 15 was closed yesterday due to a serious road accident.
o A lot of corn is grown in Iowa.

Forming the passive voice

The passive voice is not a tense in English. Each tense has its own passive voice which is created by using
a form of the auxiliary verb to be + V3 (past participle)
The passive voice in each tense:

Tense Auxiliary verb + sample V3 (past Examples

participle)

Present simple am, is, are + made Wine is made from grapes.
Many cars are made in Japan.

Present am, is, are + being + sent The document is being sent right now.
progressive I am being sent to work in the London office.

Past simple was, were + invited John was invited to speak at the conference.
 We were invited to Daniel and Mary’s
wedding.

Past progressive was, were + being + washed The dog was being washed when I got home.
Their cars were being washed while they were
in the mall shopping.

Future (will) will be + signed The contract will be signed tomorrow.

The documents will all be signed by next
week.

Future (going am, is, are + going to be + built A bridge is going to be built within the next
to) two years.
New houses are going to be built in our
neighborhood.

Present perfect has, have + been + sold That start-up has been sold for $5 million.
The rights to his book have been sold for
$250,000.

Past perfect had + been + hired The new manager had been hired before John
left the company.
All the employees had hired before the store
opened.

Future perfect will + have been + finished The car will have been loaded by the time he
gets home.
The crates will have been loaded by then.

Modals: can, could + be + issued A passport can only be issued at the embassy.
can/could He said the documents could be issued within
 the week.

Modal: have to have to, has to, had to + be + A babysitter has to be arranged for this
arranged evening.
Joan’s travel plans have to be arranged by
December.

Modal: must must + be + stopped Criminals must be stopped before they

commit crimes.