Nav Arch

Displacement
DISPLACEMENT
Can be described in two ways:
(1) First, by way of displaced water. The displacement of a
floating ship is equal to mass of water which the submerged
portion of the ship displaces, (Archimedes Principle)

(2) Secondly, by accounting weights. Displacement is the

weight of the ship, denoting the weight of the hull and
machineries, including everything and everyone onboard.
DISPLACEMENT
Can be described in two ways:

(1) Displacement = Underwater volume of the ship x density

(2) Displacement = Light Displacement + Deadweight

DISPLACEMENT
represented by the symbol ∆
measured in tonnes
when the mass of a ship changes, the mass of water displaced
changes an equal amount
when displacement increases, the draft also increases
DISPLACEMENT
 SEAM 4
DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
-Explain the relationship
between the displacement
and mean draught using
the scale.
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
1. Find the
dis-placement
s for the drafts
at 9.5m and
10.0m (SW)
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
2. Find the mean
draft for a
vessel with
22,000T disp
floating at FW
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
3. A vessel has a
draft of 9.81m,
find the approx
draft after
loading cargo of
1,500 T
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
4. A vessel has a
draft of 9.81m,
find the approx
amt. of cargo to
be discharged to
bring the draft to
9.70m
DISPLACEMENT
Load Displacement – is the mass of the ship floating even keel
at her summer load line in salt water (summer displacement)

Light Displacement – is the mass of the ship when floating with

no cargo fuel, stores or any other weights not forming part of
the hull or machinery or fixed equipment of the ship. (lightship
or lightweight)
DISPLACEMENT
Deadweight (DWT) - is the difference between light
displacement and load displacement.
• Equal to the amount of cargo, fuel, fuel stores, ballast, etc.
which when added to he light displacement, will bring the
ship to her summer mark

• Deadweight = Displacement - Lightweight

DISPLACEMENT
Deadweight (DWT) – besides the cargo includes items called
weights on board, deductibles, or non-cargo weights:
▪ Fuel Oils
▪ Diesel Oils
▪ Lube Oils
▪ Ballasts
▪ Fresh Water
▪ Stores
▪ Constant or any weights not forming part of the cargo
DISPLACEMENT
Deadweight (DWT)

Deadweight = Displacement – Lightweight

Or
Deadweight = Cargo weight + non cargo weights
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
5. Find the DWT
for the drafts
at 9.5m and
9.7m (SW)
DISPLACEMENT
TPC ( Tonnes Per Centimetre Immersion)
“Defined as the amount of weight in tons required to change
the draft by 1 cm”
• If the vessel is boxed shaped, it would have the same TPC value
irrespective of its draft
• Ships vary in shape as their draft changes and consequently the
TPC will vary as the draft changes.
• By using TPC we can convert a change in draft to an amount of
weight in tonnes.
 DISPLACEMENT
Activity :
6. Find the approx
TPC at draft of
9.6m
DISPLACEMENT
Block Coefficient (Cb)
“The Ratio of the underwater volume of the ship to the
volume of the block”

The purpose of the Cb is to measure the ship’s underwater

“fineness” and it is often used in the application of regulation,
such as those governing its freeboard or strength.
DISPLACEMENT
Block Coefficient (Cb)
Cb = underwater volume
(L x B x D)
 SEAM 4
DISPLACEMENT
Block Coefficient (Cb)
Activity:
1. A ship’s length at the waterline is 120m when floating on an
even keel at a draft of 4.5m. The maximum beam is 20m. If
the ship’s block coefficient is 0.75, find the displacement in
tonnes at this draft in salt water. (Answer: 8,302.5 tonnes)
Show your solution
SEAM 4

FIN