Design Projects 4

Project Design Overview

-Development Process and Considerations-

An Industrial Perspective
Neil J Drummond – Industry Advisor

Lecture 1
2020
Project Design Overview
• Projects in Industry are developed via formal project development
system
– System has several stages with defined requirements and reviews per stage
 Design detail increases as project progresses : scoping (shortcut/rule of thumb) at early
stages, rigorous design at later stages
 Ability to influence diminishes as project progresses
– This applies to projects from $5M to $5B!
– Team focussed, collaborative approach required with many disciplines
involved
• Project cost typically 50-60 % Process equipment (reactors, heaters,
columns, HX) and controls, 40-50% Utility and Infrastructure
– Utilities include water, steam, cooling water, power, nitrogen, firewater,
wastewater, fuel , instrument and plant air, flare, refrigeration, hydrogen….
– Infrastructure includes tankage and pipelines, marine facilities, site
preparation (security, roads, buildings, product warehouse, drainage, IT,
communications…)
• Typical key design considerations are Process Safety, Environmental
Performance (air, water emissions), Energy, Water and Waste
minimisation, Technology/Technical Risk

2
 Project Development Process
Typical Development Process

Typical influence curve –

change management key factor to a
An example of a typical formal project successful project
development system

3
Project Development Process - Example
• Typical project development process has 5-8 stages
depending on industry/company
– Stage 1 Business Planning/Opportunity 6-12 months
– Stage 2 Conceptual Design/Process Selection 6-12 months
– Stage 3 Optimise/FEED (Front End/Basic Engineering) 6-12 months
– Stage 4 Execute 24-36 months
– Stage 5 Startup 6-12 months

• Overall timeline for projects can ranges from 4-8 years

depending on size, location, complexity
– Influenced by several factors : permits, access to workforce, type of
construction (modular or ‘stick built’), procurement of specialist
equipment

4
Key Project Considerations
• Business Assessment
– Opportunity identification
– Market analysis and emerging trends
– Structural strengths
– Economics and growth
• Duty of the Plant
– Type and capacity
– Feedstock, products AND byproducts
– Service factor /reliability
– Turndown
– Energy performance
– Environmental performance
– Planning permission requirements, constraints, limitations
– Utility supply
– Site Selection
• Cost and Schedule
– Construction schedule
– Capital and operating cost
5
Typical Process Equipment

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Back Up