Impacts & Mitigation Measures

All the impacts associated with the proposed project activities are localized, temporary
and manageable. The project is taking place on an open land; therefore there will be
no demolition of buildings and resettlement of residents involved. Below section
describes major impacts associated with proposed project activities along with their
relevant mitigation measures.

Land Environment

Local land and soil may get affected during construction work as it would involve land clearing.

Mitigation Measures

 Proper and timely back filling of the excavated trenches

 Reuse of the excavated earth and proper disposal of the surplus excavated soil.

Air Quality and Dust emissions

Dust emissions will be associated with the project activities such as excavation, transportation
of construction material and traffic movement

Mitigation Measures

 Water should be sprinkled on all active installation/construction areas when necessary.

 All trucks hauling construction materials should be covered

Gaseous emissions

Excavators, DG sets, welding machines and trucks for transportation of materials can contribute
to gaseous emissions through use of diesel as a fuel.

Mitigation Measures

 Strict instructions should be given to vehicles drivers to minimize unnecessary trips and
minimize idling of engines.
 Well maintained machinery should be used at site and its regular monitoring should be
ensured.
Water Resources
The proposed project will have no impact on surface water as there is no surface water body
near the proposed sites while materials like fuel, lubricant oil and other oily products, which will
be used during the construction phase may contaminate groundwater, if they are not handled
properly. Sanitary wastewater generated at the workers’ camp (s) may stagnate in water ponds
on the site and can percolate into the soil, thereby, contaminating groundwater.

Mitigation Measures

 Temporary septic tanks of adequate capacity should be installed for receiving and
treating wastewater from all temporary worksite toilets and at the temporary container
offices, if any.
 The toilet wastewater should not be discharged untreated onto the adjacent lands/drains
and regular monitoring by 3rd party should be ensured.
Soil Erosion and Contamination

The project area has both paved and unpaved road structure. Soil erosion and contamination
may occur due to excavation of earth/cutting operations and land leveling activities. Leakages of
diesel/oils, lubricants, chemicals and other similar substances from machines, equipment and
vehicles can spoil the receiving soils.Washing of the gadgets, machinery and equipment without
proper drainage of the washout water can adversely affect the soil quality.

Mitigation Measures

 Wastes from construction activities should be dumped at approved sites, in line with the
legal prescriptions for dumpsites
 Unnecessary excavations should be avoided.
 Oils, lubricants and chemicals should be stored safely at their designated area
 Temporary septic tanks of adequate capacity should be constructed for receiving and
treating wastewater from all temporary worksite toilets and at the temporary container
offices, if any.
 Washout from washing of equipment and gadgets should be drained into either a septic
tank or a sand-gravel bed for removal of the grit and contaminants.
Noise

Sources of noise during installation/ construction are heavy machinery such as bulldozers,
excavators, stabilizers, concrete mixing plant, drills, stone crushers and other equipments.
Noise generated by construction machinery is likely to affect sensitive receptors located near
the proposed Project areas.

Mitigation Measures

 Up-to-date, well maintained plant/equipment with suitable in-built damping techniques or

appropriate muffling devices should be used.
 Well maintained vehicles with silencers should be used.
 Hearing protection devices like ear muffs and ear plugs should be provided to the
construction workers.
Solid Waste
Insecure and unhygienic disposal of the solid wastes generated at the worksite, particularly
garbage and trash may cause degradation of soil and land. Inappropriately disposed off heaps
of food waste can serve as breeding grounds for the disease spreading vectors and rodents.
Mitigation Measures

 Segregation of solid waste should be done at construction sites.

 The wastes which will be reusable/recyclable (iron bars, aluminum) should be
sold to waste vendors and those which cannot be sold out (brick pieces) may be
used as a filling material for leveling the depressions, subject to technical
feasibility.
 A well-defined solid waste management plan should be in place to ensure safe
disposal of waste by contractors.
 Construction workers and supervisory staff should be encouraged and educated
to practice waste minimization, reuse and recycling to reduce quantity of the
waste for disposal.

Impacts on Biological Environment

No natural forest area has been observed in the study area. There are no notified
ecological sensitive locations, migratory paths, sanctuaries, etc. within the study area.
There are no endangered floral species in the study area. The proposed project does not
envisage any destruction or displacement of any endemic floral or faunal species, hence
the impact will be insignificant.

Impacts on Socio Economic Environment

Positive Impact:

The project would be beneficial from a socioeconomic viewpoint. Social impacts of the
proposed project are as follows:

Displacement: No displacement of population is envisaged.

Employment: All the activities to be carried out during construction and operation
phases will require skilled and unskilled labourers, hence creating temporary as well as
permanent employment for local people. The proposed project is likely to have positive
socio-cultural economic impact. Employment opportunities will preferably be provided to
the locals in case of new recruitment, if any.Reliance on local markets for provision of
construction materials and other supplies will lead to the increase in income.

Negative Impact

Impact on livelihood

Sewer constructions will invariable lead to road closures, which will adversely affect
shops on those streets.

Mitigation Measures

 The first priority is for the contractor to take the necessary measures to ensure that
pedestrians always have access to shops and vendors, etc.
 For mobile vendors, this may include adjusting the location of the cart, etc. to a similar
location in the immediate vicinity of the original location for the duration of the project.
 Projects should also proceed on schedule so as to minimize disruption.
 Additionally, clean-up of debris and clearance of blockages should commence
immediately after project completion
Disruptions to Public Access
The excavation of trenches and pipe installation along main roads will result in
considerable and unavoidable delays to traffic flows. Delays will be most serious when
they impact ambulances, fire engines, blood bank vans and other emergency vehicles.

Mitigation Measures

 Re-route traffic whenever possible and employing traffic police to manage the traffic
movement.
  Proper signage should provide detailed information on the dates and duration of road
closures.
 Strategic placement of traffic police at critical intersections will also facilitate better flow
of traffic.
 Vehicular access to and from hospitals, police stations and fire stations shall be
maintained through the use of steel road plates over open trenches.
Impacts on Existing Utility Services

During the installation of new subsurface infrastructure it is very easy to damage existing
service cables and pipelines or temporarily interrupt supplies to consumers.

Mitigation Measures

 Layout plans of the existing underground alignment near the work site should be
circulated to the site workers
 Any damage to utility services to the sub surface infrastructure should be reported to the
relevant department Engineer and the Contractor on immediate basis.
Operational Phase

Sewerage Overflows or Leakage

Once the sewerage network is laid, tested and commissioned there will be no impact except for
rare accidental breaks or leaks. Leakage may cause mixing of sewage water with underground
water that will increase the disease rate. It may also disturb the aesthetic beauty of the areas
Mitigation Measures

 Broken and leaking pipes should be repaired immediately.

 Pipes should be inspected on a monthly basis in order to avoid major leaks
 WASA will be responsible for providing the technical staff to check and repair any
damage to pipelines.
Air Emissions

Accidental leakage of sewers causes emission of harmful gases like methane (CH 4), ammonia,
CO, SO2, NOx and hydrogen sulphide (H2S). It may disturb the air quality of the proposed
project sites.

Mitigation Measures
  Regular monitoring of sewers should be carried out by 3rd party to assess the nuisance
of emissions from the project site.
 Monitoring data should be kept in record for further correspondence.
Odour

Sewage contains numerous potentially odorous substances, but the predominant groups are the
reduced sulphur compounds. Of these, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is perhaps the most common
and easily identified. If there is any leakage in the sewer pipe nuisance odor may produce.

Mitigation Measures

 The proposed project is designed with appropriate pipe diameters and gradients to
minimize the unwanted effects of odor.
 Priority should be given to covering up of channels that are likely to emit odor and
regular monitoring should be ensured.
Maintenance Work/Solid Waste

Insignificant amounts of solid waste will be produced from operational activities and
maintenance work which will comprise of excess soil, broken concrete and road
surfacing and broken pipes and fittings.

Mitigation Measures

 All waste should be considered for recycling or reuse prior to disposal.

Public and Worker's Health and Safety

There will be risk to the safety of workers and the public only if health and safety
procedures are not properly adhered.

Mitigation Measures

 Public safety in respect of operational impacts is best secured through the prevention of
unauthorized access.
 Working staff will be trained in and comply with all the provisions of the WASA’s Health
and Safety requirements.
 PPE should be provided to all employed workers.