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Marginalization is a metaphor that refers to processes by which individuals or groups are kept at or pushed beyond the edges of society. The term outsiders may be used to refer to those individuals or groups who are marginalized. Marginalization often appears as a synonym for extreme poverty or for social exclusion.
Marginalization is a metaphor that refers to processes by which individuals or groups are kept at or pushed beyond the edges of society. The term outsiders may be used to refer to those individuals or groups who are marginalized. Marginalization often appears as a synonym for extreme poverty or for social exclusion.
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Marginalization is a metaphor that refers to processes by which individuals or groups are kept at or pushed beyond the edges of society. The term outsiders may be used to refer to those individuals or groups who are marginalized. Marginalization often appears as a synonym for extreme poverty or for social exclusion.
Авторское право:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Скачайте в формате DOCX, PDF, TXT или читайте онлайн в Scribd
Marginalization is a metaphor that refers to processes by which individuals or groups are
kept at or pushed beyond the edges of society. The term outsiders may be used to refer to those individuals or groups who are marginalized.The expression marginalization appears to have originated with Robert Park's (1928) concept of “marginal man,” a term he coined to characterize the lot of impoverished minority ethnic immigrants to a predominantly white Anglo-Saxon Protestant United States. It later became popular, particularly in Latin America (e.g., Germani 1980), as a term that captured the supposed “backwardness,” not of immigrants in developed countries, but of people in developing countries who fail or are prevented from participating in the economic, political, and cultural transition to modernity. Modernity, it is argued, constitutes as anomalous the subordinate status and cultural differences of rural peoples and the urban poor who are not properly assimilated to the formal economy or the political or social mainstream. More recently, the term marginalization has been largely superseded by the term exclusion. Nonetheless, marginalization often appears as a synonym for extreme poverty or for social exclusion and it may sometimes be difficult to distinguish between the concepts other than in terms of who is choosing to use them.
GORDON MARSHALL. "marginalization." A Dictionary of Sociology. 1998.
marginalization A process by which a group or individual is denied access to important
positions and symbols of economic, religious, or political power within any society. A marginal group may actually constitute a numerical majority–as in the case of Blacks in South Africa–and should perhaps be distinguished from a minority group, which may be small in numbers, but has access to political or economic power.
Marginalization became a major topic of sociological research in the 1960s, largely in
response to the realization that while certain developing countries demonstrated rapid economic growth, members of these societies were receiving increasingly unequal shares of the rewards of success. The process by which this occurred became a major source of study, particularly for those influenced by dependency, Marxist, and world-systems theories, who argued that the phenomenon was related to the world capitalist order and not just confined to particular societies. Anthropologists, in particular, have tended to study marginal groups. This stems in part from the idea that, by looking at what happens on the margins of a society, one can see how that society defines itself and is defined in terms of other societies, and what constitute its key cultural values.