Module 1

What is the Internet?

The internet is the largest computer network in the world, connecting millions of computers. A network is a
group of two or more computer systems linked together.

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the Internet, it's
possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more.
You can do all of this by connecting a computer to the Internet, which is also called going online. When
someone says a computer is online, it's just another way of saying it's connected to the Internet.

It's important to realize that the Internet is a global network of physical cables, which can include copper
telephone wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables. Even wireless connections like Wi-Fi and 3G/4G rely on
these physical cables to access the Internet.

What is network?

A network is a collection of computers that are joined together so that they can share information.

Types of Computer Network:

Local Area Network (LAN): A LAN is two or more connected computers sharing certain resources in a
relatively small geographic location, often in the same building. Examples include home networks and office
networks.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a computer network that interconnects users with computer resources
in a geographic region of the size of a metropolitan area. The term MAN is applied to the interconnection
of local area networks (LANs) in a city into a single larger network which may then also offer efficient
connection to a wide area network

Wide Area Network (WAN): A WAN typically consists of two or more LANs. Computers are further apart
and linked by telephone lines, dedicated telephone lines or radio waves. The internet is the largest WAN in
existence.

The Web

There are two main programs on the Web – Web server programs and web browser programs. A web server is
a program that sends (or serves) information (web pages) from the hard disk of the computer it is running on,
over the Internet, to a web browser running on some other computer. A web browser is a program (popular
examples are Chrome, Firefox, Safari and Internet Explorer) that asks for and receives web pages and displays
them on the screen of the computer on which it is running.
The Browser

The role of the browser is to receive Web pages over the Internet from a Web server and display them on the
screen, and to accept keystrokes, screen taps, and mouse-clicks from you and send them to the Web server
over the Internet.

The following image shows the Chrome Browser, with the most important parts labelled. As you can see, these
are ‘bars’ at the top and bottom of the screen. The Web page you are looking at is shown in the main part of
the browser screen - in this case, it is the popular search engine, Google.

The Navigation Bar is a set of buttons that help you to surf the Web. You use them by clicking on them with
the mouse. These buttons are used very often. The most important ones are briefly noted here.

The Back button brings you back to the last Web page you were looking at. The back button can usually be
used as often as you like, to go back as many steps as you like. You can go back many steps at once by using
the little ‘down-arrow’ beside the back button. In the picture here, you can see the last three pages that were
visited.

The Forward button brings you forward a step. So, if you visited a page, then went back to the previous one,
and would now like to go forward again, you click this one. Much less often used. The

Refresh button tells the browser to get the page that you are looking at from the browser. If the page has
changed since the last time that you looked at it, then refreshing it, by clicking on this button, will make the
changes visible.

Internet Access

Once you've set up your computer, you may want to purchase home Internet access so you can send and
receive email, browse the Web, stream videos, and more. You may even want to set up a home wireless
network, commonly known as Wi-Fi, so you can connect multiple devices to the Internet at the same time.

Types of Internet Service:

DIAL UP: This is generally the slowest type of Internet connection, and you should probably avoid it unless it
is the only service available in your area. Dial-up Internet uses your phone line, so unless you have multiple
phone lines you won't be able to use your landline and the Internet at the same time.

ISDN or Integrated Services Digital Network is a circuit-switched telephone network system that transmits
both data and voice over a digital line. You can also think of it as a set of communication standards to transmit
data, voice, and signaling.

These digital lines could be copper lines. It was designed to move outdated landline technology to digital.
ISDN connections have a reputation for providing better speeds and higher quality than traditional
connections. Faster speeds and better connections allow data transmissions to travel more reliably.

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): DSL service uses a broadband connection, which makes it much faster than
dial-up. DSL connects to the Internet via a phone line but does not require you to have a landline at home. And
unlike dial-up, you'll be able to use the Internet and your phone line at the same time.

Cable: Cable service connects to the Internet via cable TV, although you do not necessarily need to have cable
TV in order to get it. It uses a broadband connection and can be faster than both dial-up and DSL service;
however, it is only available where cable TV is available.
Satellite: A satellite connection uses broadband but does not require cable or phone lines; it connects to the
Internet through satellites orbiting the Earth. As a result, it can be used almost anywhere in the world, but the
connection may be affected by weather patterns. Satellite connections are also usually slower than DSL or
cable.

3G and 4G: 3G and 4G service is most commonly used with mobile phones, and it connects wirelessly
through your ISP's network. However, these types of connections aren't always as fast as DSL or cable. They
will also limit the amount of data you can use each month, which isn't the case with most broadband plans.

The World Wide Web (WWW)

When most people think of the internet, the first thing they think about is the World Wide Web. Nowadays, the
terms "internet" and "World Wide Web" are often used interchangeably— but they're actually not the same
thing.

 The internet is the physical network of computers all over the world.

 The World Wide Web is a virtual network of web sites connected by hyperlinks (or "links"). Web sites
are stored on servers on the internet, so the World Wide Web is a part of the internet.

The World Wide Web—usually called the Web for short—is a collection of different websites you can access
through the Internet. A website is made up of text, images, and other resources. Websites can look like other
forms of media—like newspaper articles or television programs—or they can be interactive in a way that's
unique to computers.

The purpose of a website can be almost anything: a news platform, an advertisement, an online library, a
forum for sharing recipes, or an educational site.

Once you are connected to the Internet, you can access and view websites using a type of application called a
web browser. Just keep in mind that the web browser itself is not the Internet; it only displays websites that are
stored on the Internet.

HTTP

HTTP is short for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, and includes the basic rules for displaying a web page on the
screen of a computer, smart phone, tablet, or any mobile device. In this lesson, we'll learn about Hypertext
Transfer Protocol and how it works.

What Is Hypertext Transfer Protocol?

John was working on a science project about polar bears and his teacher told him that he could find useful
information on the National Geographic website. So John went to his school librarian and asked how he could
get to the National Geographic website. The librarian took John to a computer, opened up a web browser and
typed in the web address for National Geographic, http://www.nationalgeographic.com. John then asked the
librarian how he could access this website on his personal laptop. The librarian explained that John would need
to open any web browser on his laptop and type in the web address, also known as the URL, of the National
Geographic website. A web browser, the librarian explained to John, is a program on John's laptop that will
allow him to view web pages.
In the process of learning about polar bears, John also learned that in order to access a website you need a web
address or a URL, and that most URLs start with the prefix http://. This 'http' is short for Hypertext Transfer
Protocol, and we'll learn more below about just what that phrase means.
You may also notice that some websites, such as those where you might type in your credit card information
for making purchases, use the prefix https://. This indicates that the website is using a secure method of
communication to transfer data. It used to be that you'd have to type in one of these prefixes by hand to go to
the correct web address, like the librarian did for John. But since http:// and https:// are so commonly used,
most websites now allow you to access their site by leaving out the prefix. So when John gets home to his own
computer, he can type in www.nationalgeographic.com and his web browser will know that there's also an
http:// in the address. In this case, the http:// protocol is used even though it is not reflected in the URL.

How Does Hypertext Transfer Protocol Work?

All of the pages, files, images, videos, and other data of a website live on one or more computers that are also
known as web servers. When you type the web address or URL of any site into a web browser, the browser
finds the server and transfers that content from the server to your browser so that you can see the information
on your computer as a web page. Using the HTTP protocol (protocol here just means 'rules'), information is
exchanged between the web server and the web browser. Hypertext Transfer Protocol, or HTTP, is the set of
rules (or protocols) used by the browser and the server for transferring information on the web.
HTTPS
Stands for "HyperText Transport Protocol Secure." HTTPS is the same thing as HTTP, but uses a secure
socket layer (SSL) for security purposes. Some examples of sites that use HTTPS include banking and
investment websites, e-commerce websites, and most websites that require you to log in.
Websites that use the standard HTTP protocol transmit and receive data in an unsecured manner. This means it
is possible for someone to eavesdrop on the data being transferred between the user and the Web server. While
this is highly unlikely, it is not a comforting thought that someone might be capturing your credit card number
or other personal information that you enter on a website. Therefore, secure websites use the HTTPS protocol
to encrypt the data being sent back and forth with SSL encryption. If someone were to capture the data being
transferred via HTTPS, it would be unrecognizable.
You can tell if a website is secure by viewing the URL in the address field of your Web browser. If the Web
address starts with https://, you know you are accessing a secure website. Most browsers will also display a
lock icon somewhere along the edge of the window to indicate the website you are currently visiting is secure.
You can click the lock icon to view the secure certificate that authenticates the website.

So whenever you are asked to enter personal or financial information on a website, make sure that the URL
starts with "https://" and that the lock icon appears in the window. Then you can be sure that the website is
secure and any data you enter will only be recognized by your computer and the Web server.

HTML

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It allows the user to create and structure sections,
paragraphs, headings, links, and block quotes for web pages and applications.

HTML is the language used to create webpages. "Hypertext" refers to the hyperlinks that an HTML page may
contain. "Markup language" refers to the way tags (On clothes, tags usually indicate the brand, size of the
garment, fabrics used, and the washing instructions. In Web pages, tags indicate what should be displayed on
the screen when the page loads.) are used to define the page layout and elements within the page.

HTML is not a programming language, meaning it doesn’t have the ability to create dynamic functionality.
Instead, it makes it possible to organize and format documents, similarly to Microsoft Word.
How Does HTML Work?

HTML documents are files that end with a .html or .htm extension. You can view then using any web browser
(such as Google Chrome, Safari, or Mozilla Firefox). The browser reads the HTML file and renders its content
so that internet users can view it.

Usually, the average website includes several different HTML pages. For instance: home pages, about
pages, contact pages would all have separate HTML documents.

Each HTML page consists of a set of tags (also called elements), which you can refer to as the building blocks
of web pages. They create a hierarchy that structures the content into sections, paragraphs, headings, and other
content blocks.

Pros and Cons of HTML

Like most things, HTML comes with a handful of strengths and limitations.

Pros:

 A widely used language with a lot of resources and a huge community behind.
 Runs natively in every web browser.
 Comes with a flat learning curve.
 Open-source and completely free.
 Clean and consistent markup.
 The official web standards are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
 Easily integrable with backend languages such as PHP and Node.js.

Cons:

 Mostly used for static web pages. For dynamic functionality, you may need to use JavaScript or a
backend language such as PHP.
 It does not allow the user to implement logic. As a result, all web pages need to be created separately,
even if they use the same elements, e.g. headers and footers.
 Some browsers adopt new features slowly.
 Browser behavior is sometimes hard to predict (e.g. older browsers don’t always render newer tags).

HTML Tags:

 HTML tag: It is the root of the html document which is used to specify that the document is html.
Syntax:
<html> Statements... </html>
 Head tag: Head tag is used to contain all the head element in the html file. It contains the title, style,
meta, … etc tag.
Syntax:
<head> Statements... </head>
 Body tag: It is used to define the body of html document. It contains image, tables, lists, … etc.
Syntax:
<body> Statements... </body>
 Title tag: It is used to define the title of html document.
Syntax:
 <title> Statements... </title>
Content container tag:
 Heading tag: It is used to define the heading of html document.
Syntax:
<h1> Statements... </h>
<h2> Statements... </h2>
<h3> Statements... </h3>
<h4> Statements... </h4>
 Paragraph tag: It is used to define paragraph content in html document.
Syntax:
<p> Statements... </p>
 Emphasis tag: It is used to renders as emphasized text.
Syntax:
<em> Statements... </em>
 Bold tag: It is used to specify bold content in html document.
Syntax:
<b> Statements... </b>
 Italic tag: It is used to write the content in italic format.
Syntax:
<i> Statements... </i>
 Small (text) tag: It is used to set the small font size of the content.
Syntax:
<small> Statements... </small>
 Underline tag: It is used to set the content underline.
Syntax:
<u> Statements... </u>
 Deleted text tag: It is used to represent as deleted text. It cross the text content.
Syntax:
<strike> Statements... </strike>
 Anchor tag: It is used to link one page to another page.
Syntax:
<a href="..."> Statements... </a>
 List tag: It is used to list the content.
Syntax:

<li> Statements... </li>

 Ordered List tag: It is used to list the content in a particular order.
Syntax:
<ol> Statements... </ol>
 Unordered List tag: It is used to list the content without order.
Syntax:
<ul> Statements... </ul>
 Comment tag: It is used to set the comment in html document. It is not visible on the browser.
 Syntax:
<!-- Statements... -->
 Scrolling Text tag: It is used to scroll the text or image content.
Syntax:
<marquee> Statements... </marquee>
 Center tag: It is used to set the content into the center.
Syntax:
<center> Statements... </center>
 Font tag: It is used to specify the font size, font color and font-family in html document.
Syntax:
<font> Statements ... <font>
 Image tag: It is used to add image element in html document.
Syntax:
<img>
 Link tag: It is used to link the content from external source.
Syntax:
<link>
 Horizontal rule tag: It is used to display the horizontal line in html document.
Syntax:
<hr/>
 Meta tag: It is used to specify the page description. For example: last modifier, authors, … etc.
Syntax:
<meta> Statements ... <meta>
Tables Tags: Table tag is used to create a table in html document.
 Table tag:
Syntax:
<table> Statements... </table>
 Tr tag: It is used to define row of html table.
Syntax:
<tr> Statements... </tr>
 Th tag: It defines the header cell in a table. By default it set the content with bold and center property.
Syntax:
<th> Statements ... <th>
 Td tag: It defines the standard cell in html document.
Syntax:
<td> Statements ... <td>
Input Tags:
 Form tag: It is used to create html form for user.
Syntax:
<form> Statements ... <form>
 Submit input tag: It is used to take the input from the user.
Syntax:
<input>
 Dropdown option tag: It is used to select an option froma drop-down list.
 Syntax:
<option> Statements ... <option>
 Radio button tag: It is used to select only one option from the given options.
Syntax:
<input>
DNS

DNS stands for Domain Name System. The internet world is completely based on IP (Internet Protocol)
address. To access any website you need to know its IP address which is a long numeric code and is not
possible to learn. Now, here comes the role of DNS. A DNS is an internet service that translates a domain
name into corresponding IP address. Domain name used here is alphabetic and can be easily remembered.

For example, www.example.com is a domain name of a site. And with the help of DNS it will get translate
into its IP address 198.105.232.4.

How DNS works

DNS works with the help of DNS servers. When a user enters the domain name into the web browser, the
request goes to the DNS server. The DNS server determines the IP address using a look-up table. Then it sends
the requested information to user?s web browser through proper servers.

Furthermore, a DNS system has its own network. If one DNS server does not know how to translate a
particular domain name, it will ask another server, then another server, and so on, until they find out the
correct IP address. A DNS server holds a list of all IP addresses along with its domain names, which can be
retrieved when required.

Advantages

o The messages are delivered to users with zero downtime.

o Automatically corrects the typos.
o In case of maintenance or downtime the requests are answered by the closest node through Anycast
technology.

Features

o DNS server gives a high performance and user interface. User interface has to handle a vast number of
DNS.
o DNS has a distributed database.
o Additional records are also stored in DNS database.
o It contains number of record types to facilitate other applications. For example, Mail Exchanger (MX)
record.
o Any application which uses internet to connect from two or more host to share some information relies
on DNS.

E-mail

Short for electronic mail, e-mail or email is information stored on a computer that is exchanged between two
users over telecommunications. More plainly, e-mail is a message that may contain text, files, images, or
other attachments sent through a network to a specified individual or group of individuals.
 Email, or electronic mail, is the most common method of exchanging digital messages and remains one of the
most popular services currently available via the Internet, with over 90% of US Internet users actively using
email. Here you’ll find an overview of the modern email system and infrastructure, as well as its origin and
use.

The Email System

Email systems consist of computer servers that process and store messages on behalf of users who connect to
the email infrastructure via an email client or web interface.

When someone sends an email, the message is transferred from his or her computer to the server associated
with the recipient’s address, usually via a number of other servers.

How e-mail works:

1. A user (Alice) sends an email message and connects to an SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server as
configured in her email client or Mail User Agent (MUA).
2. On the SMTP server, a Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) looks at the recipient address and looks up the domain part
of the address to determine its destination.
3. After querying a Domain Name System (DNS) server for the name of the Mail eXchanger (MX) for the
recipient’s domain name…
4. …the SMTP server will send the message to that server via the SMTP protocol.
5. The receiving server will store the message and make it available to the recipient (Bob), who can access it via
web, POP, or IMAP.

Email Servers

Email servers are responsible for receiving, storing, forwarding, and delivering messages to and from email
users. Messages are exchanged between servers using the SMTP protocol with various MTAs (Mail Transfer
Agents) such as Sendmail, Postfix, qmail, or Exim. Messages can be stored on the server for the user to access,
they can be downloaded and stored in the email client for offline use, or stored both places.

When an email server accepts a message it is obliged to deliver it, or otherwise return a delivery failure
message to the sender. This ensures that an email message cannot disappear into thin air and implies that the
sender of an email can trust the integrity of the email system.
 There are 3 main types of email servers:

 SMTP servers: A Simple Mail Transfer Protocol server can refer to either a physical computer or a Mail
Transfer Agent (MTA), which is a software program running on the machine. The MTA receives and delivers
messages to and from other email servers, and from email users (also known as “relaying”).
 POP servers: A Post Office Protocol server is a piece of software that gives an email user access to the email
stored in the user’s account on that server. The user can download the messages using a MUA (email client)
and store the email locally for later viewing.
 IMAP servers: An Internet Message Access Protocol server is a software program running on a server that
provides full access to all the folders the user has created on the server. The email user can synchronize all the
folders and messages on the server with the data stored locally using a MUA with IMAP capabilities.

IP addresses notation
Computers understand only the binary system. The binary system uses bits to store and process data. A bit can
store only two values: zero (0) and one (1). If the value 'zero' is stored, the bit is known as the OFF bit. If the
value 'one' is stored, the bit is known as ON bit. The binary system uses a unique combination
of ON and OFF bits for each letter and number.

Using IP addresses in the binary format is not easy. But the good news is that unless you are a software
developer or a network administrator, you never need to write and use IP addresses in binary notation. You can
write and use them in decimal format. The software program that you use to assign the IP address on the
interface automatically converts the assigned IP address into binary format.

If you are a software developer or a network administrator, you can also use IP addresses in decimal format.
But you should also understand how IP addresses work in the binary system. Since interfaces use the binary
system to process IP addresses, learning IP addresses in binary format can make your IP related tasks easy.

In short, you can write and use IP addresses in two notations: binary notation and decimal-dotted notation. In
binary notation, all the individual bits of each byte are expressed as a binary number. In decimal notation, all
four binary bytes are converted and expressed to their decimal equivalent numbers.

IP addresses structure
An IP address consists of 32 bits. These bits are divided into four sections. Sections are separated by a dot (.).
Each section contains 8 bits. 8 bits are equal to 1 byte or 1 octet. The following image shows how bits are
organized in an IP address.

By using 32 bits with two possible values for each position, the binary system can create 4,294,967,296 (2 32)
unique combinations or IP addresses. These addresses can be used without any addressing scheme or with an
addressing scheme that arranges them in such a way that it becomes easier to access them.
 If addresses are used without any addressing scheme, all routers on the network will need to store the address
of each and every interface on the network. Depending on the size of the network, this may affect routing. If
the network size is small, it can make routing slow. If the network size is moderate, it can make routing very
slow. If the network size is large, it can make routing completely impossible.

For efficient routing, addresses are organized into the hierarchical addressing scheme. In this scheme, all
addresses are divided into five classes and each address is divided into two addresses: the network address and
the host address.

IP address classes

Based on the following rules, IP addresses are categorized into five classes; A, B, C, D, and E.

 In class A, the first bit of the first byte always remains OFF (0).
 In class B, the first bit of the first byte always remains ON and the second bit of the first byte always
remains OFF.
 In class C, the first two bits of the first byte always remain ON and the third bit of the first byte always
remains OFF.
 In class D, the first three bits of the first byte always remain ON and the fourth bit of the first byte always
remains OFF.
 In class E, the first four bits of the first byte always remain ON.

By turning all remaining bits of the first byte ON and OFF, we can make the first and last address of that class.

The following image shows how bits are defined for network addresses and host addresses in each IP class.

Advantages of social media:

1:- Connectivity – The first and main advantage of the social media is connectivity. People from anywhere
can connect with anyone. Regardless of the location and religion. The beauty of social media is that you can
connect with anyone to learn and share your thoughts.
2:- Education – Social media has a lot of benefits for the students and teachers. It is very easy to educate from
others who are experts and professionals via the social media. You can follow anyone to learn from him/her
and enhance your knowledge about any field. Regardless of your location and education background you can
educate yourself, without paying for it.
3:- Help – You can share your issues with the community to get help and giddiness. Whether it is helping in
term of money or in term of advice, you can get it from the community you are connected with.
4:- Information and Updates – The main advantage of the social media is that you update yourself from the
latest happenings around in the world. Most of the time, Television and print media these days are biased and
does not convey the true message. With the help of social media you can get the facts and true information by
doing some research.
5:- Promotion – Whether you have an offline business or online, you can promote your business to the largest
audience. The whole world is open for you, and can promote to them. This makes the businesses profitable and
less expensive, because most of the expenses made over a business are for advertising and promotion. This can
be decreased by constantly and regularly involving on the social media to connect with the right audience.
6:- Noble Cause – Social media can also be used for the noble causes. For example, to promote an NGO,
social welfare activities and donations for the needy people. People are using social media for donation for
needy people and it can be a quick way to help such people.
7:- Awareness – Social media also create awareness and innovate the way people live. It is the social media
which has helped people discover new and innovative stuffs that can enhance personal lives. From farmers to
teachers, students to lawyers every individual of the society can benefit from the social media and its
awareness factor.
8:- Helps Govt and Agencies Fight Crime- It is also one of the advantages of the social media that it helps
Governments and Security Agencies to spy and catch criminals to fight crime.
9:- Improves Business Reputation – Just like it can ruin any business reputation, It can also improve business
sales and reputation. Positive comments and sharing about a company can help them with sales and goodwill.
Since people are free to share whatever they want on the social media, it can impact positively when good
words are shared.
10:- Helps in Building Communities – Since our world has different religions and beliefs. Social media helps
in building and participating in the community of own religion and believes to discuss and learn about it.
Similarly, people of different communities can connect to discuss and share related stuffs. For example Game
lover can join games related communities, car lover can join communities related to cars and so on.

Disadvantages of Social Media:

1:- Cyberbullying – According to a report published by PewCenter.org most of the children have become
victims of the cyberbulling over the past. Since anyone can create a fake account and do anything without
being traced, it has become quite easy for anyone to bully on the Internet. Threats, intimidation messages and
rumors can be sent to the masses to create discomfort and chaos in the society
2: – Hacking – Personal data and privacy can easily be hacked and shared on the Internet. Which can make
financial losses and loss to personal life. Similarly, identity theft is another issue that can give financial losses
to anyone by hacking their personal accounts. Several personal twitter and Facebook accounts have been
hacked in the past and the hacker had posted materials that have affected the individuals personal lives. This is
one of the dangerous disadvantages of the social media and every user is advised to keep their personal data
and accounts safe to avoid such accidents.
3:- Addiction – The addictive part of the social media is very bad and can disturb personal lives as well. The
teenagers are the most affected by the addiction of the social media. They get involved very extensively and
are eventually cut off from the society. It can also waste individual time that could have been utilized by
productive tasks and activities.
4:- Fraud and Scams – Several examples are available where individuals have scammed and commit fraud
through the social media.
5:- Security Issues – Now a day’s security agencies have access to people personal accounts. Which makes
the privacy almost compromised. You never know when you are visited by any investigation officer regarding
any issue that you mistakenly or unknowingly discussed over the internet.
6:- Reputation – Social media can easily ruin someone’s reputation just by creating a false story and
spreading across the social media. Similarly businesses can also suffer losses due to bad reputation being
conveyed over the social media.
7:- Cheating and Relationship Issues – Most of the people have used the social media platform to propose
and marry each other. However, after some time they turn to be wrong in their decision and part ways.
Similarly, couples have cheated each other by showing the fake feelings and incorrect information.
8:- Health Issues – The excess usage of social media can also have a negative impact on the health. Since
exercise is the key to lose weight, most of the people get lazy because of the excessive use of social
networking sites. Which in result brings disorder in the routine life. This research by discovery will shock you
by showing how bad your health can be affected by the use of the social media.
9:- Social Media causes death – Not just by using it, but by following the stunts and other crazy stuffs that
are shared on the internet. For example bikers doing the unnecessary stunts, people doing the jump over the
trains and other life threatening stuffs. For example in this video 14 year old from Mumbai was doing stunts on
a running train which caused his death. These types of stunts are performed by the teenagers because of the
successful stunts made and shared over the social media.
10:- Glamorizes Drugs and Alcohol – One of the disadvantages of the social media is that people start to
follow others who are wealthy or drug addicted and share their views and videos on the web. Which eventually
inspires others to follow the same and get addicted to the drugs and alcohol.