The bar chart(s)/the graph(s)/chart(s)/pie chart(s)/figure(s)/...

illustrate(s)/depict(s) the estimated amount of/some striking

similarities/differences/information between/among/in the/on the/ ............... .

(A glance at the graph/chart/pie chart/figure/... provided reveals some striking

similarities/differences/information between/among/in the/ on
the/ ............... . dont use it)!

Overall, it is evident that ........ . Units are measured in .... .

Sharp increase:
1. skyrocket: Residential real estate prices have skyrocketed in recent years.
2. peak: Sales peaked in August, then fell sharply.

Sharp decrease
1. plunge: Oil prices have plunged to a new low. In the recession, the company�s
profits plunged 60%. The unemployment rate plunged sharply.

decrease (normal):
decline: Computer sales declined 2.1 percent this year.

increase:
1. soar: The price of petrol has soared in recent weeks
2. escalate: The costs were escalating alarmingly.

stable:
1. plateaued (out): Unemployment has at last plateaued out. Prices have pretty much
plateaued for now.
2. remain steady: The number of births remained steady but infant mortality
decreased.

fluctuation:
1. witness considerable fluctuation: Industrial investment has witnessed
considerable fluctuation.
2. go through periods of high and low volatility: Markets go through periods of
high and low volatility regularly.

adjectives for degree of change: (sharp increase and decrease)

1. dramatic:Universities have suffered a dramatic drop in student numbers.
2. exponential: An exponential increase in hospital admission was observed between
60 and 90 years.
3. substantial: There was a substantial profit decline in 1996.

adjectives for a sudden and unexpected change

1. abrupt: Abrupt changes were observed in global oil price.

adjectives for slight change:

1. negligible: The pay that the soldiers received was negligible. The difference
between the two products is negligible.
2. marginal: There was a marginal increase in the unemployment figures.
3. inconsiderable: Additional treatment lead to an inconsiderable decrease in the
protein amount.
per capita = per person

X saw a slight rise in Z over the period.

Although X did not increase in ...(year)..., the amount of Z peaked in ...(year)...

.

respectively, accordingly

In contrast to X, Z was ....

X increasing from approximately .... percent in ...(year)... to .... percent in ...

(a year)..., X then plunged to a low of just .... percent in ...(a year)... . This
was followed by a period of exponential growth/dramatic decrease, with Y in (...a
country...) reaching a peak of ... percent in ...(a year)... .

Despite a slight increase in ...(year)..., X remained relatively stable

It is interesting to note that while X and Y were comparable until ...(year)...,

the gap between the two widened after this time as Z in (...a country...) slid
away.
It is apparent from the information supplied that ....

One particularly interesting fact highlighted by the figure is that + the more ...
the more ...

With regard to X/ In the case of X, ....

While X enjoys relatively high levels of ....

In contrast to X, Y was

X increased exponentially during ..... and peaked at ...(a year)...

Also evident is the fact that ....

Also noteworthy is the fact that .....
Not surprisingly, however ......

Second/Third in terms of X, meanwhile, was ....

From a negligible ... percent in ...(a year)..., the X (rate) soared to

approximately .... percent
The percentage of X, meanwhile, climbs from 0 percent (among Y of) ... to some ...
percent in ...(a year)... .

The subsequent decades, however, experienced dramatic decreases in X among Y.

As for the proportion of X and Y, X outnumber Y by (number 1 to number 2).

Yet, by far the most significant change to take place during this period was the
increased popularity/... of X.

In stark contrast, however, all other Xs decreased in popularity/... .

X � which was the second most widely enjoyed/utilized/... activity/pastime in ...(a

year)..., accounting for/ amounting to ... percent of respondents/participants/...
� slipped to a mere .... percent in ...(a year)... . Likewise, there were also
considerable decreases in the popularity ratings of X accounting for/ ammounting to
... percent of respondents/participants/...

X had by far the highest number of/amount of/... X in all ... years. From ...
in ...(a year)... , the number/the amount of of X climbed steadily/exponentially to
... in ...(a year)..., before soaring to a staggering ... in ...(a year)... .
Second in terms of Y was Z. Z saw a threefold increase/decrease during the period
in question, from ... in ...(a year)... to ... in ...(a year)... and ... in ...
(a year)... .

In fact, the prevalence of X in Y was double that of Z and triple that of A. B and
C, meanwhile, had moderate levels of ..... .

amount to sth

------------------------------------------------------ process
The diagram depicts/illustrates the way in which ... paraphrase.... . Overall,
there are five/seven stages in the process, commencing with the .......... and
culminating in ........ .

To begin, ........... . Then ........... . A/an X assists in this process.

Following this, .......... . Next, ..... .

In the subsequent stage, ....... . .......... . Finally, ........... .

------------------------------------------------ map
The map illustrates/depicts how a city/village/island/... called X went through
some fundamental transformations to become a rather industrial/recreational/...
area over the last .... years. Overall, there have been several changes, the most
noticeable being the increases in ......., the elimination of the ......., and the
introduction of ..... facilities.

(another option for overall)

Overall, the city/village/island/... expanded substantially from a/an X to a/an Y
over the 30/40/... years period. Similarly, infrastructure and amenities increased,
along with the town�s capacity to provide for tourists.

Good transitional words: In contrast, Regarding, However, Similarly, Consequently,

Good words to use: occur, take place, located, situated, developments, demolish,
convert, residential, industrial, recreational
Looking at the map of ... as it is now, we can see that ...
Another major change was ...
By + year, ...
Back in 2000/2010/ ... (thanks to ...) ... .

Turning to the present day map, it can be seen that the X facilities have all gone,
being replaced by four/five/... Xs, and the Xs have become Zs. Having been
converted into a golf course/football field/basketball court/..., the X has now
gone, while the Z has been removed to make way for Ys. Although the old Xs remain,
new ones have been built, along with a new road with two new Xs beside it.

In 1995, to the south of the city/village/island/... where the ... there was
previously a/an ..., with a ... as well.
On the other side of the road running by the sea stood a line of five shops and a
hotel, while situated in the north east part of city/village/island/... was X and a
Y . The main X of the city/village/island/... was located in the north/east
west/... around a main road that runs from the X road, which are encircled by a
smaller Z.

In contrast, X was unspoilt. To the east of Z, was a Y, and there was A to the
north. Regarding B, besides the C, the city/village/island/... only offered a D.