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Business Intelligent
Analytics
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Descriptive analytics
- uses data to understand past and present
Predictive analytics
- analyzes past performance
Prescriptive analytics
- uses optimization techniques
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DATA
- collected facts and figures
DATABASE
- collection of computer files containing data
INFORMATION
- comes from analyzing data
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Records
Figure 1.1
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Types of Data
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(continued)
Classifying Data Elements in a Purchasing Database
Figure 1.2
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Nominal data
Examples:
Male Yes
Female No
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Nominal data
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Ordinal data
• Ordinal data is data that comprises of categories that can be rank ordered.
• Similarly with nominal data the distance between each category cannot be
calculated but the categories can be ranked above or below each other.
No fixed units of measurement
Examples:
- college football rankings
- survey responses
(poor, average, good, very good, excellent)
• What does this mean? Can make statistical judgements and perform limited
maths.
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Ordinal data
Example:
How satisfied are you with the level of service you have
received? (please tick)
Very satisfied
Somewhat satisfied
Neutral
Somewhat dissatisfied
Very dissatisfied
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Interval data
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Ratio data
• Ratio data measured on a continuous scale and does have a natural zero
point.
Ratios are meaningful
Examples:
• monthly sales
• delivery times
• weight
• Height
• age
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Types of Analytics
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Decision Models
Model:
An abstraction or representation of a real system,
idea, or object
Captures the most important features
Can be a written or verbal description, a visual
display, a mathematical formula, or a
spreadsheet representation
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Decision Models
Figure 1.3
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Decision Models
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Decision Models
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Descriptive Analytics
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Decision Models
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Decision Models
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Predictive Analytics
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Decision Models
Figure 1.8
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Decision Models
Figure 1.9
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Decision Models
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Prescriptive Analytics
• For example, the use of mathematical programming for revenue management is common for
organizations that have “perishable” goods (e.g., rental cars, hotel rooms, airline seats).
• Harrah’s has been using revenue management for hotel room pricing for some time.
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Organizational Transformation
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Complex Systems
• Tackle complex problems and provide individualized solutions
• Products and services are organized around the needs of
individual customers
• Dollar value of interactions with each customer is high
• There is considerable interaction with each customer
• Examples: IBM, World Bank, Halliburton
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Volume Operations
• Serves high-volume markets through standardized
products and services
• Each customer interaction has a low dollar value
• Customer interactions are generally conducted
through technology rather than person-to-person
• Are likely to be analytics-based
• Examples: Amazon.com, eBay, Hertz
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Thank you
for your
attentions!
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