TEMS Presentation 1.2: Technical Product Description

TEMS Presentation 1.
Technical Product Description

TEMS Presentation 1.2 Technical Product Description 1 June 2009
© Ascom 2009. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the copyright holder.
TEMS is a trademark of Ascom. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to continued progress in methodology, design
and manufacturing. Ascom shall have no liability for any error or damage of any kind resulting from the use of this doc-
ument.
221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

01 June 2009 TEMS Presentation 1.2 Technical Product Description
Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. Key Features of TEMS Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2. Who Is TEMS Presentation Intended For? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3. Presentation Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1. Logfile Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.2. Download Logfiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3.3. Cell Data Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4. What’s New In TEMS Presentation 1.2? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.5. What Was New In TEMS Presentation 1.1? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.6. Where to Find Out More. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. The Role of TEMS Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.1. How TEMS Presentation Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2. Automated Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3. Key Features: A Closer Look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.1. Efficient Analysis of Your TEMS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2. Access to TEMS Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3. Sharing Information and Best Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3.1. Reporting Possibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.3.1.1. Reporting With Excel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3.1.2. Reporting With Business Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.3.1.3. Initial Tuning Report Within TEMS Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4. The Presentation Application: Drilling Down into Measurement

Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.1. Statistics and Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2. Contents and Characteristics of Presentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3. Criteria for Data Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4. Some Presentation Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.4.1. Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.4.2. Line Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.4.3. Spreadsheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.4.4. Layer 3 Messages Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.4.5. Event Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.5. Statistics Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.6. How Statistics Are Generated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.7. Further Examples of Presentations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5. Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D i (ii)

ii (ii) 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

1. Introduction
For true analyzing and troubleshooting of UMTS and CDMA wireless networks,
TEMS offers the post processing tool TEMS™ Presentation 1.2.
TEMS Presentation helps operators to
• increase revenue: Problems can be located and fixed before they start affecting
customers, improving customer satisfaction and cutting churn. Fewer blocked and
dropped calls means more call time and higher earnings. A high quality of service
also facilitates attracting new subscribers.
• optimize investments: A wireless telecom network represents a huge
investment and needs optimizing to bring the best possible return. TEMS
Presentation 1.2 helps analysing the collected data to make wise investment
decisions. It can also be used to test new features before rollout to ensure their
performance in the live network.
• maximize their competitive edge: With TEMS Presentation 1.2 the entire
network is scrutinized down to the smallest detail. Every single event, all important
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), any signs of network degradation and a lot
more is examined continuously. In this way the network always stays in perfect
shape and will leave competitors behind.
TEMS Presentation 1.2 provides comprehensive UMTS (GSM and WCDMA) data
processing for both packet-switched (GPRS/EDGE/WCDMA PS/HSDPA) and circuit-
switched. CDMA (IS-95/CDMA 1xRTT/1xEV-DO rev 0) is also supported.
1.1. Key Features of TEMS Presentation

With TEMS Presentation 1.2 you will increase your efficiency by:
• fast and intuitive analysis of your TEMS data. The time spent on “crunching
data” will be reduced since that is optimized by automated data import. High
performance data aggregations are scheduled, and by organizing your logfiles in
a local or central repository the reuse of data is facilitated and the search
mechanism is faster. By applying diagnostics (automated rule based analysis) you
will quickly highlight specific problems and suggested solutions. Customized
views for network monitoring, trending, coverage analysis and much more makes
your work really convenient.
• in-built TEMS knowledge in network tuning and optimization. Our number
one data collection suite brings air interface tuning and optimization to higher
levels. With a long history as a market leader we keep adding intelligence into the
tools improving efficiency and securing high quality results.
• sharing the information and best practices with the entire organization.
Utilizing the centralized approach enables access for all to information as soon as
the analysis is done. The RF information in the network monitoring data collected
by TEMS™ Automatic can be reused for optimization work and data collected by
TEMS™ Pocket for site acceptance can be used for trending next time a feature is
switched on, etc. This facilitates reuse of information and sharing of best practices
© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D 1 (27)

to continuously improve both your network and your work processes. Finally,
impressive reporting capabilities demonstrate the value of standardized
repositories, with support for the Initial Tuning Report within TEMS Presentation
and also when using third-party products such as Microsoft® Excel and Business
Objects.
1.2. Who Is TEMS Presentation Intended For?

TEMS Presentation is designed to benefit all levels of the operator’s organization:
• RF Engineers are notified of all sorts of local malfunctions (weak signal reception,
bad C/I, low data throughput, etc.), prompting them to try out various tweaks to the
network configuration. TEMS Presentation provides KPIs with drill-down
functionality for evaluating network problem areas.
• Managers are able to supervise the organization’s processes and the services it
offers. They can keep track of KPIs (dropped call rate targets, to give just one
example) by studying reports automatically distilled from measurement data at
user-specified times. They are aided in making decisions on investments and
organizational improvements. By getting a tighter grip on the network’s end-to-end
voice and data quality, the company is also in a better position to offer customers
reliable service level agreements.
• Network planners learn about spots with recurrent problems by requesting
statistics confined to specific areas. This helps them reveal deficiencies in the
network layout or the underlying theoretical models, also providing input for
improvements. As a result they are able to boost network utilization and get
maximum mileage out of the existing network before new investments are made.
• Marketing staff can extract statistics on usage patterns, furnishing the basis for
precisely targeted advertising campaigns. Being more intimately familiar with the
network’s quality of service, they can also work out more advanced and precise
charges for various services. It is less risky to promise, and charge for, quality that
has been thoroughly assured.
• The customer care unit can order coverage information to enlighten customers
who are making complaints or enquiries. Complaints can be cross-checked
against network status reports to help determine whether a problem resides in the
network or in the customer’s handset.
1.3. Presentation Capabilities

TEMS Presentation 1.2 can be used with operating systems Microsoft® Windows XP
and Microsoft® Windows Vista for clients and Microsoft® OS Server 2003 or
Microsoft® OS Server 2008 and Microsoft® SQL Server 2005 for databases.
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1.3.1. Logfile Import

Logfiles from all of the following TEMS products can be imported into the TEMS
Presentation database and post-processed in the Presentation application:
• TEMS Automatic, all releases
• TEMS™ Investigation 10.01
• TEMS Investigation 9.x1
• TEMS Investigation 8.x1

• Scanner data for TEMS Investigation 7.x/8.x/9.x. Support of GSM and WCDMA
scanner data from R&S (WCDMA only), Anritsu and PC-Tel scanners.
• TEMS Pocket 7.x
• TEMS Pocket 6.x
• TEMS Pocket 5.x (Sony Ericsson K800, K790i, W900i; Nokia N75, N80)
They are easily imported directly from within the Presentation application. The import
can either be user initiated or run as an automatic background process.
TEMS Pocket 6.3 introduced upload of compressed logfiles (format lzz and lzm) to
reduce the size of the data. TEMS Presentation handles this format without any
additional conversions.
TEMS Pocket 7.0 also supports indoor measurements. The logfiles contain the
measurement data and the indoor map, and can be handled by TEMS Presentation.
1.3.2. Download Logfiles

Logfiles can be downloaded to an arbitrary location on your computer, for further
analysis later or to be analyzed in another tool (for example TEMS Investigation).
1.3.3. Cell Data Import

Cell data can be imported into the database. TEMS Presentation supports import of
cell files from TEMS Automatic, TEMS Investigation and TEMS CellPlanner.
For UMTS, site data is imported
• as an XML file adhering to the generic TEMS format, or
• as a CEL file of the type supported by TEMS Investigation
For CDMA, site data is imported as a TXT file, accompanied by another plain-text file
with extension .ini which describes the columns in the site data file and the order in
which they appear.
1. TEMS Presentation does not support the following standards, supported by TEMS Investigation:
LTE, TD-SCDMA, WiMAX, and UMA/GAN.

1.4. What’s New In TEMS Presentation 1.2?

This section points out the functions and features that are added in TEMS
Presentation 1.2 from TEMS Presentation 1.1.
Efficiency enhancements
• Support for TEMS Pocket indoor measurements
– TEMS Pocket 7.0 supports manual positioning using a map background in the
phone display. The logged data, map and positions can be imported and
viewed in TEMS Presentation 1.2, for more accurate indoor analysis.
• Areas can be edited directly in the map, with automatic map panning.
New analysis possibilities

• User defined diagnostics
– The user can create and configure new diagnostics, reflecting best practise for
fault classification and problem detection.
• Improved scan data analysis on routes
– Cell coverage analysis
– Missing neighbor cell detection
– Pilot pollution detection
• Interpolation of GPS positions
– If the GPS has no satellite contact, the latitude and longitude values can be
interpolated from the last known position to the position with regained contact.
• CDMA benchmarking statistics
– Possibility to analyze CDMA statistics for benchmarking purposes.
• Additional HS parameters:
– HS UL Average TBS
– HS UL Average Serving Grant Index
– HS UL Average TBS / TBS Max E-TFCI
– HS 64 QAM modulation rate
1.5. What Was New In TEMS Presentation 1.1?

This section points out the functions and features that was added in TEMS
Presentation 1.1 from TEMS Presentation 1.0.
Efficiency enhancements
• Map component improvements
– Support for new map file format: MapInfo raster maps of JPEG format

– Grey scale display of background map

– Reintroduction of export to KML format, readable by Google Earth
• Import of compressed logfiles, to save time and bandwidth
• Faster filtering of large amount of logfile data by introducing search mechanism
for MTU Name and MTU Group
New analysis possibilities

• Presentation of additional HSPA parameters
– Number of channelization codes for HSDPA
– HS HARQ BLER
– HS Physical Requested Throughput
– HS Physical Scheduled Throughput
– HS Physical Served Throughput
– HS-DSCH DTX Rate
• Presentation of Mobile to Mobile PESQ measurements
• Possibility to download logfiles with associated IP logfiles. These IP logfiles can
then be analyzed in Wireshark (not part of TEMS Presentation).
Environment
• Support for Microsoft Windows Server 2008 operating system
– Enables TEMS Presentation databases to run on the latest Microsoft Server
operating system
1.6. Where to Find Out More

For additional information concerning TEMS Presentation or other TEMS products,
please visit us on the Web at www.tems.com.
To sign up for the TEMS online subscription service, please go to the same website
and click the link “TEMS Subscription Service.” This free service includes e-mail
notification of TEMS product launches, version upgrades and patches, as well as
online TEMS News.

2. The Role of TEMS Presentation

TEMS Presentation (the Presentation application and databases) can be used
together with TEMS Automatic, TEMS Investigation or TEMS Pocket, and the
functions involved are illustrated below.
Automated reporting
Database and analysis
Automated data import

Presentation application
Measurements
Figure 1: The role of TEMS Presentation.
The data collected by the different types and ways of measurements (MTU, TEMS
Pocket Remote, TEMS Investigation or TEMS Pocket Professional) is stored in
databases and accessed by and analyzed in the Presentation application.
2.1. How TEMS Presentation Works

TEMS Presentation consists of the following components:
• Presentation application, a client application for presenting statistics and route
data in true detail. The statistics help the user make sense of the huge data
volumes typically collected, by conveying the vital information in a compact
format. The chief vehicles of the Presentation application are maps,
spreadsheets, line charts, and text-format windows.
• Databases, for storing data in different shapes. Events are extracted from the log
files and the data in the log files is formatted in a database friendly way before
inserted into the databases.
The typical scenario is that the Presentation application is installed as a client (user)
application on a laptop or desktop, and then there is a central database installed to
which several users can be connected. TEMS Presentation can also be installed as a

standalone scenario, with both the Presentation application and the databases
installed on the same machine.
2.2. Automated Processing

TEMS Presentation supports an automated upload of logfiles from test units, and is
optimized for automatic processing of the logfiles. That means that there is no need
for any involvement of manual procedures, and the data is always ready for analysis.
The workflow of the collected data is depicted below.
Presentation
application
Reports
FTP Logfile
Server Measure
Handler -ment Statistics
database database
Test
unit
Logfile
Storage
Figure 2: Workflow of automated processing of data.
The following steps describe the automated flow of data, all the way from the upload
of logfiles from the test units to the actual analysis of the data.
• Logfiles are regularly uploaded to an FTP server.
• Logfile Handler processes the logfiles immediately and stores the logfiles’ data in
the Measurement database. The logfiles themselves are then stored in the Logfile
Storage database.
• Diagnostics (see section 3.1 Efficient Analysis of Your TEMS Data) can be used
as a first analysis of the measurement data.
• Scheduled calculation of statistics gives frequently updated databases, and easy
access to the latest information on network performance.
• Fast generation of predefined reports allows immediate troubleshooting action.

3. Key Features: A Closer Look

This chapter fleshes out the key features of TEMS Presentation as stated in section
1.1. The listings below are by no means comprehensive, nor is that the intention. The
aim of the chapter is to cover some essentials of how TEMS Presentation works, but
also to spotlight a number of more advanced functions that are particularly useful.
3.1. Efficient Analysis of Your TEMS Data

The chief reason why measurements should be taken in the air interface and
analyzed in TEMS Presentation is that this is the only way to obtain an adequate
picture of the network.
These are some of the ways that TEMS Presentation makes network performance
analysis fast, convenient, and reliable:
• TEMS Presentation can be used either with the Presentation application as a
client connecting to a centralized data repository or with the Presentation
application and it’s own database as a standalone installation. You can grow with
the tool with the same ways of working, regardless of how the tool is used.
• It has an optimized data import and automated aggregation capability. Once
your logfile is in, all the data is accessible from the Presentation application which
means that you can forget about reprocessing.
• TEMS Presentation will organize your logfiles and site data making it easier to
filter out what you really should be focusing on – improving your network.
• Route selection and result view are integrated into one tool named Route
Selector. This makes it easier to perform a query (filter out routes or sites) and
then view the result. The tool simplifies the use of both basic and advanced
queries, where a query builder is used for the advanced queries. It is also possible
to export queries to SQL and to save queries for reuse in other presentations.
• TEMS Presentation reads all data collected by TEMS Automatic, TEMS
Investigation, or TEMS Pocket and can consolidate it into one single repository,
giving you the opportunity to share data between several user categories as
well as within a work group.
• Automated diagnostics (intelligent rule based analysis) is a supremely powerful
new tool that will help you to pinpoint existing or potential problem areas that are
often difficult and tedious to locate manually. This analytical toolkit, composed of a
set of diagnostics, goes beyond the fundamental task of reporting and presenting
measurements and network parameters, applying a layer of highly sophisticated
processing to the collected data.There are a number of different diagnostics to
run, but they all reveal weaknesses when it comes to cell configuration, tuning
and optimization. TEMS Presentation 1.2 presents this group of diagnostics:
– Ping-pong handovers (GSM): Used for pointing out problematic cell borders,
where the Rx level threshold is too narrow.
– Defective cell configurations (GSM): Faulty cell configurations may cause
problems like dropped calls. This diagnostic examines the information sent

over the air to detect if BCCHs are too close in neighboring cells or if adjacent
cells use the same HSN, among other things.
– Poor coverage (GSM): Detects calls with a certain percentage of the time
having received signal strength lower than a particular threshold value, to
indicate poor coverage.
– Spreading factor change (WCDMA): Detects changes in spreading factor
during a session. That could indicate, for example, high load, uplink problems
or pilot pollution.
– Diffuse cell borders (WCDMA): This diagnostic checks if the UE TxPower
exceeds a configurable UE TxPower limit. This is to ensure that the UE is
within the intended cell border.
– Excessive compressed mode (WCDMA): Finds calls that spend more than a
certain percentage of the time in compressed mode (increasing interference).
– Poor speech quality (GSM+WCDMA): Finds PESQ values lower than a
specific threshold, to indicate speech quality problems.
– Distance to site (GSM+WCDMA): Detects areas where the location of the MS
calculated from radio parameters differs from the actual location of the MS.
The MS might, for example, use high Tx power at low TA value, or the GPS
might indicate that the MS is outside the estimated cell range.
• With user defined diagnostics you create and configure your very own highly
targeted diagnostics. With a set of user defined diagnostics, you have the means
to automate your own processes for classifying faults and detecting problems.
• Customized views for all possible needs:
– Initial tuning – Find missing neighbors, evaluate your coverage and review
your services among other tasks.
– Network optimization – Diagnostics detect your problems, serving cell views to
find overshooting coverage and cell based statistics to pinpoint cell specific
problems.
– Network monitoring – Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for voice, data
services, streaming video and video telephony help you to keep track of the
quality of your network. They also serve as a good decision support for your
improvements.
– Benchmarking – Find out if you are best in class! Customized views for
benchmarking display if you are best, worst, and the difference between you
and competitors.
– Trending – By monitoring your network 24/7 you will be able to verify that your
investments really improved your network as planned. Did your new base
station solve the problem, and are the new services meeting the user’s needs?
– Coverage analysis – Coverage is not only about measuring your signal
strength values, but also accessibility of different services, limited service plots
and no coverage plots. With TEMS tools you can measure on your roaming

partners to find out if they are fulfilling their requirements. TEMS Presentation
coverage plots can also be used in the planning tool.
• With the flexible reporting, based on Microsoft standards such as SQL Server
2005 and an upgraded OLAP, the Presentation application itself and also state of
the art third-party vendors of reporting solutions such as Business Objects and
Microsoft Excel can directly access and present the information.
3.2. Access to TEMS Knowledge

Already built into TEMS Presentation are TEMS’ work processes, standard reports,
quality indexes, KPI settings, etc. The large customer base and a strong focus on
maintaining market leadership assures that intelligent new features and smart ways
of working will always be an integral part of TEMS Presentation.
3.3. Sharing Information and Best Practices

Using TEMS data, you can build business intelligence for the entire organization with
TEMS Presentation. The knowledge is stored in a centralized database and will be
accessible by all possible departments and for different purposes, such as:
• RF engineers, using the entire test tool suite from TEMS to analyze the collected
information in detail.
• Sales force, that can be provided with reports showing improvements that have
been made and comparisons with competitors.
• Customer support, needing daily updated coverage information where poor areas
or ongoing network improvements could be highlighted in maps or reports.
• Network operation/rollout, where site acceptance and verification of changes can
be monitored.
• Management, interested in KPI reports showing competitor comparisons, trends
over time or just a summary of the overall health of the network.
• Government requirements, where TEMS Presentation can provide reports for
compliance, such as E911 location based services or coverage maps.
Important aspects are also to ensure sharing of best practices by using good analysis
templates and reports. This is done by having the workspaces/views stored and
accessible from the centralized storage, and the report templates via the web.
With user defined diagnostics, it is easy to implement best practise in your company
for fault classification and problem detection.
3.3.1. Reporting Possibilities

Here we will look into the different possibilities you have for sharing your information
and knowledge in an efficient way, through reporting.
Your raw data, collected by your test units, is stored in a Microsoft SQL Server
database. It can be accessed and exported in various ways.

Your aggregated data is stored in Microsoft OLAP format, making it flexible and easily
accessible via Excel or Business Objects among other third-party reporting tools.
In addition, there is in-built support in TEMS Presentation for the initial tuning report
(see also 3.3.1.3 on page 13).
3.3.1.1. Reporting With Excel

There is a database query function in Excel, allowing you to connect to the Geobase
and OLAP cube from which you want to retrieve statistics. You choose content and
create the type of report you need by filtering on measurements and dimensions.
Each graph may in fact contain several measures, making the analysis convenient.
Figure 3: Convenient analysis with Excel report.
3.3.1.2. Reporting With Business Objects

With Business Objects there are different ways of reporting your data, such as:
• KPIs of the various services
– FTP data, HTTP data
– Voice
– Streaming video
– Video telephony
• Benchmarking
– Based on service or radio parameters
– Per operator and/or technology
• Radio parameters

– Troubled cells or PN codes

– Pinpoint troubled areas
Figure 4: Example of PS data reporting with Business Objects.
Reporting with Business Objects means:

• Utilizing BO Enterprise Suite (version XI)
– Web based for easy access
– Dashboards for quick overview
– In-built user handling enables customized views
– User-defined layouts to adopt to corporate templates
– Flexible reporting using Crystal Reports
– Ad-hoc reporting using BO Voyager
• Sample templates provided with installation
• Microsoft Excel
Figure 5: Flexible reporting with Business Objects.

3.3.1.3. Initial Tuning Report Within TEMS Presentation

To increase initial tuning efficiency, a report template is predefined with chapters and
content. From within the Presentation application it is now possible to generate a
report on selected statistics and routes, based on this template.
The procedure is as follows: you right click on the Geobase (statistics database) of
interest (perhaps one created specifically for this purpose) in the Theme Selector and
select “Generate Report.” You will be guided by a wizard with some options to be
decided upon. The report will be created in Microsoft™ Word and can be saved in any
folder on your computer. It is also possible to edit the report afterwards with your own
comments, added screen shots of the map from the presentation, etc.
There are a number of advantages with a standard report, to improve efficiency in
initial tuning. Some of them are mentioned below:
• Predefined report templates
• Easy to set up
• Fast report delivery
Pilot Coverage Chart Ec/Io vs Ec (Scanner)
0
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-2
U E T x P o w e r P D F an d C D F Gra p h (B in n e d R e su lt)
-4
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EcIo(dB) -8
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-10
0
60
0
-12
40
-14
20
-16
0
9
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26
31
36
41
-9
-4
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Figure 6: Initial tuning report revealing network performance.

4. The Presentation Application: Drilling

Down into Measurement Data
The Presentation application is designed for in-depth study of the measurement data.
It gives full access to all statistics as well as to the original route data itself. A
generous set of statistical plots visualizes the quality of service and radio
performance of the network. The Presentation application uses a high-performance
Geographical Information System (GIS), supporting a wide range of map formats.
The Presentation application uses maps, line charts, and spreadsheets to present
data, as seen in Figure 7. Besides the windows, which constitute the standard
presentation workspace, additional windows can be opened furnishing
supplementary data such as Layer 3 messages or event information. For a closer
look at each of these window types, turn to pages 16–19.
Map showing Theme selector Line chart with Route selector for Various monitors
statistics and organizing graphical view filtering routes Spreadsheet for detailed analysis
routes presentation themes of parameters and sites for details of samples
Figure 7: The Presentation application user interface.

4.1. Statistics and Routes

The Presentation application has two basic types of presentation:
• Display of statistics generated from the measurement data.
• Display of individual routes (raw measurements) contributing to statistics.
Figure 8: Left: Section of statistics plot. Values are shown for each bin in a grid. Right: Statistics
with contributing route. The route displayed is among those contributing to the statistics
displayed in the bin grid.
Statistics are essential in order to condense the vast amounts of data typically
collected into more easily interpretable information. To study some aspect of the
measurements in more detail, the user will normally begin by inspecting statistics
rather than dive right into the raw route data. For details on the presentation of
statistics, see page 19.
4.2. Contents and Characteristics of Presentations

Several presentations may be active at the same time. Each presentation has its own
workspace where all windows belonging to the presentation are kept together. This
coherence makes it very easy to work with several presentations without losing track
of what windows belong together. Window sizes can be freely adjusted.
All windows in a presentation are synchronized. Selecting a new item in one
presentation window automatically highlights the corresponding item in all other
windows.
4.3. Criteria for Data Selection

These are the most important criteria available for narrowing the scope of a
presentation:
• Geographical area

• Date (also sliding dates: “this week,” “last week,” “last X days,” “last month”)
• Time of day
• Network operator (select which ones to show data from)
• Network parameters (restrict presentation to particular cells, channels, etc.)
4.4. Some Presentation Windows
4.4.1. Map
In the map window, statistics, raw route data, and cell sites are plotted on top of a
background map. Routes can be superimposed on statistics plots.
Figure 9: Map window presenting data transfer failures.
The Presentation application supports MapInfo tab, gst and mws formats, both raster
and native types, as well as raster maps of JPEG type. It is also possible to use the
map view without a background map.
The standard set of map functions such as panning and zooming have been
extended with advanced functions for efficient use of large map bases.
Map layers can be turned on and off to increase or decrease the level of detail. The
visibility of layers can be made dependent on the map scale. Foreground/background

relationships can be defined between the layers. The map display can also be set to
grey scale, for better visualization of data.
The information loaded into the map view can also be exported to KML format, to be
viewed in for example Google Earth applications.
Cell sites can then be plotted on the map. Cell names and identities as well as the
antenna direction can be presented next to the cell site symbol. Clicking a site
displays information about it in the Cell Information window. Lines can be drawn from
a route sample or statistics bin to the cells that have been functioning as serving cells
or members of the active set.
You may also differentiate between sectors (e.g. GSM/WCDMA or GSM 900/1800)
by applying different sector sizes. For example, you want all GSM 900 cells in a
certain area to be displayed with a larger size than GSM 1800 cells. Useful for e.g.
co-sited cells.
GSM 900 sector
GSM 1800 sector
The user can also click a cell to access statistics on calls made in that cell (more
about statistics in section 4.5):
Figure 10: Cell Information window and cell statistics pop-up.
4.4.2. Line Chart

The line chart displays how the values of radio parameters evolve over time. Several
parameters can be plotted in the same chart to enable quick inspection of correlation.
Important line chart features include:
• Zooming

• Events shown as vertical lines

• Multiple graphs in each chart (as in the example below)
Figure 11: Line chart. Color changes indicate switching between channels during frequency
hopping.
4.4.3. Spreadsheet
The spreadsheet makes available the exact data of each measurement sample in
order to allow easy inspection of “bits and pieces.”
Figure 12: Spreadsheet listing PESQ values.
4.4.4. Layer 3 Messages Window

This window displays Layer 3 messages. Double-clicking a message pops up a
separate window giving the full message contents in plain-text decoded form.

Incoming messages can be filtered to ease the task of spotting interesting ones and
avoid cluttering the window with less relevant information.
Figure 13: Layer 3 Messages window with plain-text decoding of the selected message.
4.4.5. Event Monitor

This window lists events from a selected parcel or route segment. Each event item
can be expanded to show the values of event parameters. This gives an informative
and comprehensive picture of what is going on in the selected network area.
Figure 14: Event monitor. The GPRS Access event has been expanded.
4.5. Statistics Presentation

A wide range of statistics plots is available. UMTS terminology is used in the list
below.

• Serving plots, showing where the test unit has been served by a given network
resource. Serving areas can be plotted for cells, location areas, channels, bands,
and operators.
• Radio parameter plots, with color coding of parameter value ranges. These plots
are useful for coverage visualization.
• Quality of Service plots, with color coding of quality indicators such as dropped
call rate, blocked call rate, or call setup time.
• No network and limited service plots.
• Benchmarking plots, comparing operators, technologies, test units, or time
periods with respect to user-selected parameters.
Figure 15: Benchmarking plot – Comparison of SQI between WCDMA and GSM. The legend
explains the color coding of the SQI value ranges, and WCDMA seems to give a better SQI
than GSM in this area.
4.6. How Statistics Are Generated

The generation of statistics from the raw test unit data is based on Microsoft OLAP
(Online Analytical Processing). OLAP is an open format, so that OLAP data can be
accessed not only by Microsoft products such as Microsoft Excel, but also by other
reporting software such as Business Objects.

In deriving statistics, a quantization procedure is employed. The measurement area

is subdivided by a grid into a number of uniform squares, called bins (parcels). For
each bin, a set of statistics is calculated for each measurement parameter, including
the average, maximum value, minimum value, median, and standard deviation.
Bin statistics are then grouped into units known as OLAP measure groups, dedicated
to network parameters or event types (e.g. RxLev, C/I, Handover). Each measure
group can be filtered along a number of dimensions, among them time, area,
operator, and cell. Statistics can thus be extracted for specific time periods or specific
areas – all the way down to bin resolution – or confined to individual operators, cells,
or even channels where applicable.
The OLAP measure groups in turn combine into Geobases, each Geobase covering
a well-defined area (delimited by latitudes and longitudes) and an interval of time. For
example, a Geobase may comprise all data collected in one city during three months.
The aggregation of statistics is scheduled by the user in the Presentation application.
When a Geobase is first created, all collected test unit data that fits the time and area
constraints of the Geobase is fed into an initial statistics computation. Later on, as
new data accumulates, the normal routine is to have the Geobase statistics updated
incrementally on a daily or weekly basis, all data acquired since the previous update
being taken into account. This is done automatically by the TEMS Presentation
system.
4.7. Further Examples of Presentations

The illustrations given so far in chapter 4 served mainly to support the description of
the user interface components as such. This section provides further examples of
data presentations, the attention being focused on the scope and objective of each
presentation.

Figure 16: WCDMA best server presentation, showing what pilots have appeared as the
strongest scanned pilot in each parcel. The pie chart sectors represent pilots (i.e. scrambling
codes). Each sector is sized according to how often that scrambling code has been the
strongest.
Figure 17: WCDMA presentation showing the active set member count tentatively deduced
from scanner data. The pie charts are divided into sectors representing the conclusions “one
possible active set member,” “two possible active set members,” “three possible active set

members,” etc. Again, the sizes of the sectors reflect the frequency of occurrence of each
outcome. In this way the risk of pilot pollution could be examined.
The presentations that follow are taken from WCDMA and GSM environments.
Figure 18: Coverage analysis. The map and the legend reveal that most of the time there is
only one member in the active set, which means that the UE has no other cell to include in soft
handover. The signal strength (CPICH RSCP) is really low on the bridge while average
neighbor RSCP is good. One or several neighbor cells should have been added to the active
set here.
Figure 19: Soft handover areas. The user can inspect what areas are in 1-way, 2-way, 3-way
(etc.) soft handover. Soft handover is an important feature of the WCDMA technology,
improving signal quality by combining signals from different paths. Not enough soft handover
can lead to poor signal quality and coverage, while too much of it may reduce capacity. The
system tested here shows a good mix of soft handover conditions.

Figure 20: Investigating the cause of a Dropped Call event. The map and the legend reveal
that there is only one member in the active set for most of the time, which means that the UE
has no other cell to include in soft handover. The signal strength (CPICH RSCP) decreases
and finally there is a dropped call due to poor coverage. No neighboring cells were good
enough to be included in soft handover. Comparable route presentations are offered for
CDMA.

Figure 21: Serving Site plots. These plots show which sites and sectors are serving a test unit
along a given drive route. They are useful in assessing whether the neighbor lists are correctly
set and whether each sector is serving the intended area. In the second plot it is seen that a
sector from far away is among those serving the test unit. This need not be a problem,
especially if the drive route is at a high elevation, but the operator should investigate the sector
configuration further to make sure that it is correct (proper orientation, downtilt, etc.).

Figure 22: Pilot pollution. Areas of pilot pollution have an excessive number of pilot channels
with strong Ec/Io values. In the example shown here there are a few locations with two or more
active set candidates, which might have to be investigated.
Figure 23: Diagnostics as a vital part of the analysis. In this case, diagnostics have been run
and indicate poor speech quality (low PESQ value) as well as ping-pong handovers. The
specific sample indicates that a handover was performed and the diagnostics reveal low PESQ
value at that position. The Layer 3 Message details window also indicates bad quality
according to RxQual.

5. Training
For information about training, please contact TEMS as indicated at www.tems.com.

TEMS Presentation 1.2: Technical Product Description

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TEMS Presentation 1.

Technical Product Description

© Ascom 2009. All rights reserved.

221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

2. The Role of TEMS Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3. Key Features: A Closer Look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4. The Presentation Application: Drilling Down into Measurement

© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D i (ii)

ii (ii) 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

1.1. Key Features of TEMS Presentation

© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D 1 (27)

1.2. Who Is TEMS Presentation Intended For?

1.3. Presentation Capabilities

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1.3.1. Logfile Import

• TEMS™ Investigation 10.01

• TEMS Investigation 9.x1

• TEMS Investigation 8.x1

1.3.2. Download Logfiles

1.3.3. Cell Data Import

© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D 3 (27)

1.4. What’s New In TEMS Presentation 1.2?

New analysis possibilities

1.5. What Was New In TEMS Presentation 1.1?

4 (27) 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

– Grey scale display of background map

New analysis possibilities

1.6. Where to Find Out More

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2. The Role of TEMS Presentation

Automated data import

Figure 1: The role of TEMS Presentation.

2.1. How TEMS Presentation Works

6 (27) 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D © Ascom 2009 Public

2.2. Automated Processing

Figure 2: Workflow of automated processing of data.

© Ascom 2009 Public 221 02 - FAP 901 0879 Rev D 7 (27)

3. Key Features: A Closer Look

3.1. Efficient Analysis of Your TEMS Data

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3.2. Access to TEMS Knowledge

3.3. Sharing Information and Best Practices

3.3.1. Reporting Possibilities

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3.3.1.1. Reporting With Excel

Figure 3: Convenient analysis with Excel report.

3.3.1.2. Reporting With Business Objects

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– Troubled cells or PN codes

Figure 4: Example of PS data reporting with Business Objects.

Reporting with Business Objects means:

Figure 5: Flexible reporting with Business Objects.

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3.3.1.3. Initial Tuning Report Within TEMS Presentation

Pilot Coverage Chart Ec/Io vs Ec (Scanner)

Figure 6: Initial tuning report revealing network performance.

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4. The Presentation Application: Drilling

Figure 7: The Presentation application user interface.

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4.1. Statistics and Routes