Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Mechanical Engineering 3rd Year RegularTurbomachinery Assignment I

1. Discuss the classification of turbo machines?

2. What is the advantage of axial compressors over centrifugal compressors?
3. Discuss briefly the effect of blade shapes on centrifugal pumps?
4. Explain the characteristic curve of centrifugal pumps in detail?
5. Drive the maximum energytransfer (head)in centrifugal pumps?
6. Explain cavitation and the region it occurs? List the method of prevention?
7. Explain slip factor and power factor and the effect of it on work done?
8. A centrifugal pump having vane angles at inlet and outlet are 25 and 30 , respectively. If
internal and external diameters of impeller are 0.15 and 0.30 m, respectively, calculate the
work done per kg of water. Assume velocity of flow constant.(N=1500rev/min)
9. Determine the principal dimensions of a centrifugal pump which can deliver 3100 gal/min
of water at a 100 ft head. The speed is 1160 rpm.
10. Air enters a single-stage centrifugal compressor with a total pressure of 1.013 bar and a
total temperature of 288 °K. The axial velocity at the impeller eye is 100 m/s. The rotor tip
speed is 500 m/s, V 2' is 456 m/s, and Vu2 ' is 440 m/s. The impeller efficiency is 0.9 and
that of the compressor stage is 0.8. Find the static pressure in bar at the impeller outlet.
11. A single stage centrifugal compressor receives air at a stagnation pressure of 1.013 bar and
a stagnation temperature of 288 °K. The rotor tip speed is 500 m/s, the velocity at the
impeller eye is 100 m/s and V2' is 456 m/s. The energy transfer in the impeller is 220 kilo
joules/kg. The slip coefficient is 0.9. The impeller efficiency is 0.9, and the compressor
efficiency is 0.8. The mechanical efficiency is 0.98. Find:a) Tip vane angle b) To2 c) T2 d)
Po2 e) p2
12. A centrifugal pump delivers 50 dm3 /s of water at an impeller speed of 1450 rev/min. The
impeler has eight vanes inclined backwards to the direction of rotation with an angle at the
tip of β2=60°. The diameter of the impeller is twice the diameter of the shroud at inlet and
the magnitude of the radial component of velocity at impeller exit is equal to that of the
axial component of velocity at the inlet. The impeller entry is designed for the optimum
flow condition to resist cavitation, has a radius ratio of 0.35 and the blade shape
corresponds to a welltested design giving a cavitation coefficient σ b= 0.3. Assuming that
the hydraulic efficiency is 70% and the mechanical efficiency is 90%, determine (i) the
diameter of the inlet; (ii) the net positive suction head; (iii) the impeller slip factor; (iv) the
head developed by the pump; (v) the power input.

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13. A centrifugal compressor has an impeller tip speed of 366 m/s. Determine the absolute
Mach number of the flow leaving the radial vanes of the impeller when the radial
component of velocity at impeller exit is 30.5 m/s and the slip factor is 0.90. Given that the
flow area at impeller exit is 0.1 m2 and the total-to-total efficiency of the impeller is 90%,
determine the mass flow rate.
14. The following data are suggested as a basis. for the design of a single-sided centrifugal
compressor: Power input factor =1.04, Slip factor=0.9,Rotational speed N=290
rev/s,Overall diameter of impeller=0.5m, Eye tip diameter 0.3m, Eye root diameter 0.15m,
Air mass flow m =9kg/sec, Inlet stagnation temperature T01=295K Inlet stagnation
pressure Po1=1.1 bar, Isentropic efficiency 0.78.Determine(a) the pressure ratio of the
compressor and the power required to drive it assuming that the velocity of the air at inlet is
axial; (b) calculate the inlet angle of the impeller vanes at the root and tip radii of the eye,
assuming that the axial inlet velocity is constant across the eye annulus; and (c) estimate
the axial depth of the impeller channels at the periphery of the impeller.
15. A self-priming centrifugal pump is used to pumpwater at 25°C from a reservoir whose
surface is 2.2 m abovethe centerline of the pump inlet see figure below. The pipe isPVC
pipe with an ID of 24.0 mm and negligible averageinner roughness height. The pipe length
from the submergedpipe inlet to the pump inlet is 2.8 m. There are only twominor losses in
the piping system from the pipe inlet to the pump inlet: a sharp-edged reentrant inlet
(KL=0.85),and a flanged smooth 90° regular elbow (KL=0.3). Thepump’s required net
positive suction head is provided bythe manufacturer as a curve fit: NPSHrequired=2.2 m
+(0.0013 m/Lpm2)* ̇ 2,where volume flow rate is in Lpm.Estimate the maximum volume
flow rate (in units of Lpm)that can be pumped without cavitation.

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