Service Scheduling Solution

Based on TDMA
TDMA divides timeslots to control RTs to send data in polling mode, which solves the interference caused by mutual hidden
nodes between RTs.

Hidden Node
Hidden nodes cannot listen to each other‘s signals, and
therefore may transmit data at the same time, causing a RT1
conflict. A hidden node may occur when a single AP or
AP
receiver is present. Collisions Both cannot
listen to
each other.
According to the working mechanism of CSMA/CA in the
WLAN system, RT1 and RT2 compete for a transmission RT2
channel for a certain period of time after the conflict. Heavy
traffic may cause another conflict, which causes a large number of retransmissions. As a result, the delay may fluctuate greatly.

TDMA
The RTN510 adopts the working mechanism of TDMA. The AP controls the data transmission of all the RTs, and the AP is visible to any
RTs connected to the AP. This solves the conflict.

Definition 1
RT1
TDMA provides a shared transmission medium (generally a 2
radio field) or network. It allows multiple users to use the RT2
same carrier channel simultaneously by occupying different 3

time slices (timeslots). In this way, one carrier channel can RT3
Time
AP
transmit traffic of multiple users. t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 …

Carrier Sense Mechanism

Channel occupation
Because the RTN510 works in the unlicensed frequency notification packet
band, multiple devices may share the same channel. Transmission
channel
Therefore, it uses the "first listening and first sending" TDMA Busy Busy
mechanism. In this mechanism, each time an AP sends data, Listening
Wait Waiting time (T1) Listening
it needs to perform channel contention. That is, the AP
listens to the channel to check whether it is idle, and sends …
the data only after determining it is idle. Data to
There are two carrier sense methods in the working be sent AP

mechanism of CSMA/CA in the WLAN system: physical Physical carrier sense Virtual carrier sense
carrier sense and virtual carrier sense. The physical layer detects The MAC layer detects that
that the signal energy on there is a channel occupation
Both of these carrier methods are performed the channel exceeds the notification packet on
simultaneously. If a channel is determined to be threshold. the channel.
busy by either method, it becomes unavailable.
Scheduling Mechanism
After the AP uses contention to obtain a channel, the AP performs scheduling for the RT.

When the TDD timeslot ratio is set to a fixed value, the time
of transmitting uplink and downlink packets is determined
by the timeslot ratio. When the data is insufficient to
occupy the full timeslot, management packets are used for
padding.
When the TDD timeslot ratio is set to the Flexible state, the
transmission duration of uplink and downlink packets is
determined by the packet length. In this case, channel
usage is higher. To prevent subsequently scheduled RTs
from having to wait a long time to send packets, the
maximum time of sending packets is specified.

Channel
detection Sends a data packet (Data).

Sends a data packet (Data). Returns a response (ACK).

Sends a scheduling packet to instruct the RT to send data (Trigger). Sends a scheduling packet to instruct the RT to send data (Trigger).

Returns a response and sends data. Returns a response and sends data.

Sends a scheduling packet to instruct the next RT to send data. Returns a response.
Channel
detection Sends a scheduling packet to instruct the next RT to send data.

GPS Synchronization
To minimize interference between multiple devices in the time domain, the RTN510 supports GPS synchronization between devices. In
this case, the RTN510 requires a fixed timeslot ratio.
The RTN510 AP and RT calculate the transmission delay based on the distance. Then, the data transmission time is reduced based on
the delay, synchronizing signal time.

1 km 2 km

AP1 AP2

RT1 RT2

Timeslot for the AP to send packets to the RT Timeslot for the RT to send packets to the AP

AP1 Data Round-trip delay

RT1 Response packet

AP2 Data Round-trip delay

RT2 Response packet