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Decision
– Making a choice from two or more alternatives.
Manager at all level and in all areas of organization make decissions.That
They make choice. For instance,top level managers make decission about
Their organization goals, where to locate manufacuring facilities or what
markets to move into Middle and lower managers make decission about
production schedule,product quality problems,pay raises, and employee
Descipline.Making decision is not something that just manager do;all
Organizational members make decission that affect their jobs and
organization they work for.But our focus is on how managers make
decissions.
The Situation
• Sarah is a sales manager whose reps need new laptops because their old
ones are outdated and inadequate for doing their job. To make it simple,
assume that it is not economical to add memory to the old computers and it
is the company’s policy to purchase, not lease.
The Decision-Making Process
Problem
– A problem becomes a problem when a manager becomes aware of it.
– There is pressure to solve the problem.
– The manager must have the authority, information, or resources needed
to solve the problem.
Identifying Decision Criteria
Decision criteria are factors that are important (relevant) to resolving the
problem such as:
– Costs that will be incurred (investments required)
– Risks likely to be encountered (chance of failure)
– Outcomes that are desired (growth of the firm)
Allocating Weights to the Criteria
Decision criteria are not of equal importance:
– Assigning a weight to each item places the items in the correct priority
order of their importance in the decision-making process.
• Criterion Weight
• Memory and Storage 10
• Battery life 8
• Carrying Weight 6
• Warranty 4
• Display Quality 3
• Developing Alternatives
• Alternatives are listed (without evaluation) that can resolve the problem
• Analyzing Alternatives
• An alternative’s appraisal is based on its ability to resolve the issues
identified in steps 2 and 3.
• Selecting an Alternative
• The alternative with the highest total weight is chosen.