Pampanga State Agricultural University

Magalang, Pampanga
COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
Bachelor of Elementary Education I

UNIT 3: THE TWO FACE’S OF THE 1872 CAVITE MUTINY

Submitted by:

Arceo, Sunshine C.

Submitted to:

Prof. Virma K. Pangilinan

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

A.
B.
C.

II. Introduction

The 12th of June of every

year since 1898 is a very
important event for all the
Filipinos. In this particular
day, the entire Filipino nation
as well as Filipino
communities
all over the world gathers to
celebrate the Philippines’
Independence Day. 1898
came
to be a very significant year
for all of us— it is as equally
important as 1896—the year
when the Philippine
Revolution broke out owing
to the Filipinos’ desire to be
free from
the abuses of the Spanish
colonial regime. But we
should be reminded that
another
year is as historic as the two
—1872.
 Two major events
happened in 1872, first was
the 1872 Cavite Mutiny and
the
other was the martyrdom of
the three martyr priests in the
persons of Fathers Mariano
Gomes, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora
(GOMBURZA). However,
not all of us knew
that there were different
accounts in reference to the
said event. All Filipinos
must know
the different sides of the story
—since this event led to
another tragic yet meaningful
part
of our history—the
execution of GOMBURZA
which in effect a major
factor in the
awakening of nationalism
among the Filipinos
The 12th of June of every
year since 1898 is a very
important event for all the
Filipinos. In this particular
day, the entire Filipino nation
as well as Filipino
communities
all over the world gathers to
celebrate the Philippines’
Independence Day. 1898
came
to be a very significant year
for all of us— it is as equally
important as 1896—the year
when the Philippine
Revolution broke out owing
to the Filipinos’ desire to be
free from
the abuses of the Spanish
colonial regime. But we
should be reminded that
another
year is as historic as the two
—1872.
Two major events
happened in 1872, first was
the 1872 Cavite Mutiny and
the
other was the martyrdom of
the three martyr priests in the
persons of Fathers Mariano
Gomes, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora
(GOMBURZA). However,
not all of us knew
that there were different
accounts in reference to the
said event. All Filipinos
must know
the different sides of the story
—since this event led to
another tragic yet meaningful
part
of our history—the
execution of GOMBURZA
which in effect a major
factor in the
awakening of nationalism
among the Filipinos
The 12th of June of every
year since 1898 is a very
important event for all the
Filipinos. In this particular
day, the entire Filipino nation
as well as Filipino
communities
all over the world gathers to
celebrate the Philippines’
Independence Day. 1898
came
to be a very significant year
for all of us— it is as equally
important as 1896—the year
when the Philippine
Revolution broke out owing
to the Filipinos’ desire to be
free from
the abuses of the Spanish
colonial regime. But we
should be reminded that
another
year is as historic as the two
—1872.
The 12th of June of the year since 1898 is a very important event for all

Filipinos. In this particular day the entire Filipino nation as well as Filipino

communities all over the world gathers to celebrate the Philippines Independence

Day. 1898 came to be a very significant day to all of us it is as equally important

as 1896 the year when the Philippine Revolution broke out owing to the Filipinos

desire to be free from the abuses and slavery of the Spanish colonial regime.

However, we should be reminded that another year is as historic as the two-

1872.
 There are two major events that happened in the year 1872, first was the

1872 Cavite Mutiny and the other was the martyrdom of the three martyr priest

(GOMBURZA). However, not all of us are aware or knowledgeable that there

were different accounts in reference to the said event. It is important that all

Filipinos must know the different sides of the story since this event led to another

tragic yet meaningful part of our history the execution of GOMBURZA which in

effect a major factor in the awakening of nationalism among Filipinos.

The 12th of June of every

year since 1898 is a very
important event for all the
Filipinos. In this particular
day, the entire Filipino nation
as well as Filipino
communities
all over the world gathers to
celebrate the Philippines’
Independence Day. 1898
came
to be a very significant year
for all of us— it is as equally
important as 1896—the year
when the Philippine
Revolution broke out owing
to the Filipinos’ desire to be
free from
the abuses of the Spanish
colonial regime. But we
should be reminded that
another
year is as historic as the two
—1872.
 Two major events
happened in 1872, first was
the 1872 Cavite Mutiny and
the
other was the martyrdom of
the three martyr priests in the
persons of Fathers Mariano
Gomes, Jose Burgos and
Jacinto Zamora
(GOMBURZA). However,
not all of us knew
that there were different
accounts in reference to the
said event. All Filipinos
must know
the different sides of the story
—since this event led to
another tragic yet meaningful
part
of our history—the
execution of GOMBURZA
which in effect a major
factor in the
awakening of nationalism
among the Filipinos
III. Content

THE FILIPINO’S VERSION OF THE CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872

DR. TRINIDAD HERMENEGILDO PARDO DE TAVERA

A Filipino scholar and researcher, wrote the Filipino version of the

bloody incident in Cavite.  In his point of view, the incident was a mere
mutiny by the native Filipino soldiers and laborers of the Cavite arsenal
who turned out to be dissatisfied with the abolition of their privileges. 
Indirectly, Tavera blamed Gov. Izquierdo’s cold-blooded policies such as
the abolition of privileges of the workers and native army members of the
 arsenal and the prohibition of the founding of school of arts and trades for
the Filipinos, which the general believed as a cover-up for the organization
of a political club.

POLO Y SERVICIO

Polo y servicio was a practice employed by Spanish colonizers for over

250 years that required the forced labor of all Filipino males from 16 to 60 years
old for 40-day periods. The workers could be placed on any project the Spanish
wanted, despite hazardous or unhealthy conditions.

It was not only Filipinos but Chinese mestizos as well who were forced to do polo
y servicio.

The word polo refers to community work, and the laborer was called polista.

The community projects included cutting logs in forests, building ships, repairing
churches, as well as constructing government buildings, roads and bridges.

The only way to avoid being forced to do polo y servicio was to pay the falla,
which was the equivalent of one and a half reales per day.

In 1884, the forty days of forced labor was reduced to 15 days.

ACCORDING TO PARDO DE TAVERA

The incident was merely a mutiny by the Filipino soldiers and laborers of the
Cavite arsenal who turned out to be dissatisfied with the eradication of their
privelages such as tax (tribute) and forced labor exemptions on order from
the Governor General Rafael de Izquierdo.

ARRIVAL OF GENERAL IZQUIERDO(1871-1873)

 • A complete change in the aspect of affairs.

• He made it clear that his views were different from those of La Torre.

• Intended to govern the people “with a crucifix in one hand and a sword in
the other”

GENERAL IZQUIERDO FIRST OFFICIAL ACT

• Prohibit the founding of a school of arts and trade.

• All of those who had offered their support to ex-Governor La Torre were
classed as personas suspechos(suspects).

NIGHT OF JANUARY 20,1872

• The workmen in the arsenal in Cavite and engineer corps old time
privelages were abolished by General Izquierdo and caused them
dissatisfaction and discontent.

• Leads to an uprising among the soldiers in the San Felipe Fort, and the
commanding officer and the other Spanish officers in charge were
assassinated.

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

• The Central Government of Madrid announced it’s intention to deprive the

friars in matters of Civil Government and of the direction and management
of the university.

• The friars feared that their power in the colony will be a thing of the past
and took the advantage that those who favored the continuation of the
modus vivendi presents as a vast conspiracy with the objective of
destroying Spanish sovereignty.

DARED TO OPPOSE THEMSELVES TO THE FRIARS

  Mariano Gomez
 Jose Burgos
 Jacinto Zamora

SENTENCED TO LIFE IMPRISONMENT ON THE MARIANAS ISLANDS

• Antonio M. Regidor

• Joaquin Pardo de Tavera

• P. Mendoza

• Curate of Santa Cruz, Sevilla, Feliciano Gomez, Ballesteros, Jose Basa

• Lawyers Carillo, Basa, Enriquez,Crisanto Reyes, Maximo Paterno

• And many others.

Leads to the awakening of Nationalism and outbreak of Philippine

Revolution.

GOVERNOR GENERAL RAFAEL IZQUIERDO

• Insurrection was motivated by the native clergy, some local residents and
intellectuals.

• To carry out their criminal project, they(instigators)protested against the

injustice of the government.

• They take advantage of Indios ignorance by making use of superstitions

and made them believe that the hari will minister.

• Those who will not support will be killed immediately.

• They offered the wealth of the Spaniards and jobs to those who revolted.
 • Padre Zamora and Padre Burgos were great probabilities to be the head
of the government.

• All Spaniards, friars would be executed except for women and foreigners.

REVOLUTION

SET FIRE TO THE DISTRICT OF TONDO

FIRE CANNONS TO INFORM THE REBELS OF THEIR SUCCESS

500 NATIVES LED BY CAMERINO

SPANISH NAVY HAD PLACED GUNBOAT AND ARMED VESSELS

LOYALIST WENT TO ARREST THE PRIEST OF BACOOR

NEWSPAPERS ARE SOLICITED

EL ECO FILIPINO

• Established by Spanish brother-in-law of Jose Basa, with Manuel Regidor

as editor.

• “Spain in the Philippines, The Philippines with Spain”

• Their aim was to secure reforms from the Spanish Government.

• Its first issue appeared on September 5,1871 and died out before the end
of 1872.
 • Its tragic demise was caused by the restoration of the reactionary regime
in Spain and the exile to the Marianas.

• Izquierdo blamed it for the eruption of the Cavite Mutiny.

IV. Quiz

1. In his account he stated that the Cavite Mutiny was merely a mutiny by the
Filipino soldiers and laborers of the cavite arsenal who are dissatisfied
about the eradication of their privelages.
a. Jose Montero y Vidal
b. Dr. Pardo de Tavera
c. Governor Rafael Izquierdo
d. Ferdinand La Madrid

2. What was General Izquierdo’s first official Act?

a. Implementing the Polo y servicio
b. Prohibit the founding of the school of arts and trades.
c. Exemption from paying yearly tribute.
d. Arresting the personas sospechosas.

3. In the night of January 20, 1872, leads to an uprising among the soldiers
in the ____________.
a. San Felipe Fort
b. San felippe Forth
c. Fort San Felipe
d. Forth San Felippe

4. The following are sent to life imprisonment in Marianas island except.

a. Antonio M. Regidor

b. Joaquin Pardo de Tavera

 c. P. Mendoza

d. None of the above

5. Who is the editor of the El eco Filipino?

a. P. Mendoza
b. Manuel Regidor
c. Antonio M Regidor
d. Jose Basa

Answers

1.B

2.B

3.A

4.D

5.B

VI. References

https://filipinojournal.com/the-1872-cavite-mutiny/

https://www.coursehero.com/file/33645426/FIL-VERSION-CAVITE-MUTINYpptx/

https://prezi.com/p/r61dgzw7yf-g/cavite-mutiny/

http://nhcp.gov.ph/the-two-faces-of-the-1872-cavite-mutiny/