Date: 21/03/2021

HYDROLOGY IC4-222-40-2021- Due: 08/04/2021

2 UNIBE-BSCE Point value: 11 pts.
Prof. Erick F. Conde

Homework 2

Context: Based on the class unit lecture materials discussed to date, the knowledge and experiences acquired so far, and your
individual research, complete the tasks presented below according to the specified requirements.

Requirements:
- Complete each task individually and to your best engineering judgment;
- This submission will be evaluated according to the grading rubrics added in the Blackboard platform;
- Add additional calculations operations pages as needed;
- Submit as a pdf file format version and add your name to the filename;
- Handwritten and/or digital formats are allowed for developing the tasks;
- This assignment is due on April 8, 2021 at 11:55pm (a total of two submissions will be permitted).

1.Calculate the Evaporation rate [mm/day] to be produced by a water body subject, on average, to a net radiation
of 280 W/m2, a temperature of 24 ° C, relative humidity 37%, wind speed 2.7 m/s, measured at 3m of height, and
an atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. Assume a roughness, z0=0.026cm. Apply a) the energy balance method, b)
the aerodynamic method c) the method of combination.
A) Latent vaporization heat= 2.504x10^6-2370=2442kj/kg
Pw=1000kg/m3
Er=rn/lvpw= 280j/s/m2/ 2442kj/kg*1000kg/m3* 1000/1m*86400s/day= 9.9mm/day

B) Steam tranfer coefficient:

B= 0.622*(0.37)^2*1.19kg/m3* 2.7m/s/101300*1000*ln(3m/0.00026m)^2*1000/1*86400/days= 2.66x10^-3mm/daypa
611(17.27*24/237.4+24)= 2985pa 0.37x2985=1104pa
Ea=B(eas-ea)= 0.0266mm/day/pa x (2985-1104)pa= 5.0 mm/day

C) Δ=4098x(2985pa)/(237.3+24)^2= 179.1 pa/c

¥= 1005x101300/0.622x2442= 67.0 pa/c
E=179.1/179.1+67x9.9+67/179.1+67x5.0= 0.727x9.9+0.272x5.0= 8.55mm/day

2. When reviewing the historical series of rainfall at Station 301, we find the following measurements for the last 12
years. Forthis data series: 1) Find the average value, 2) Calculate the standard deviation, and 3) Compute and plot
the IPE.
1) Average Value: (226+306+328+295+323+374+487+441+530+439+588+612)/12=
4949/12= 412.41
2) Standard Deviation:
sqr:(226-412.41)^2+(306-412.41)^2+(328-412.41)^2+(295-412.41)^2+(323-412.41)^2+(374-412.41)^2+(487-412.41)^2+(441-
412.41)^2+(530-412.41)^2+(439-412.41)^2+(588-412.41)^2+(612-412.41)^2/12-1= sqrt 168034.92/11= 123.59
3) IPE:
2001: (226-412.41/123.59)= -1.50
2002:(306-412.41/123.59)= -0.86
2003:(328-412.41/123.59)= -0.68
2004:(295-412.41/123.59)= -0.94
2005:(323-412.41/123.59)= -0.72
2006:(374-412.41/123.59)= -0.31
2007:(487-412.41/123.59)= 0.60
2008:(441-412.41/123.59)= 0.23
2009:(530-412.41/123.59)= 0.95
2010:(439-412.41/123.59)= 0.21
2011:(588-412.41/123.59)= 1.42
2012:(612-412.41/123.59)= 1.61
Precipitation
Year [mm]
2001 226
 2002 306
2003 328
2004 295
2005 323
2006 374
2007 487
2008 441
2009 530
2010 439
2011 588
2012 612

3. For a basin of 2.4 km2 of land consisting of 30% of heavy industrial areas, 45% of sub-urban residential area, and
25% of neighborhood and businesses, a flow rate of 2.15 m3/s was recorded for a storm event. Use the rational
method to obtainthe rainfall intensity rate associated with this event.
Qs=1/k*C*I*A 240ha
C(Runoff Coefficient)=(0.3x0.75)+(0.45x0.325)+(0.25x0.6)= 0.52
I(Intensity of rain)=
A(Drainage area under study)= 2.4km2
Qs=2.15m3/s
K=360
2.15=1/360(240x0.3x0.75+240x0.45x0.32+240x0.25x0.6)I= 215x 360/124.56= 6.21mm/hr
4. For a watershed of 1,120 Km2, a precipitation event with duration of 3 hours was recorded. Flowrate measurements
for every hour are reported on Table 1. Base flow is estimated of 12m3/s.

Find:
a) Excess precipitation height hpe. Table 1. Flowrate records.
b) Unit Hydrograph ordinates. Observed
c) Plot the unit hydrograph. Time Flowrate
[hr] [m3/s]
A) 12 hours and effective duration is 1 hours. 0 25
1hrx3600s/hx(25+29+34+43+54+65+63+57+52+47+41+35+28)m3/s= 1 29
2.0628x10^6 m3or 2062800m3 2 34
B) 2.0628x10^6/1120x10^6= 0.0018m= 1.8mm 3 43
C) 25/1.8= 14 4 54
29/1.8= 16 5 65
34/1.8=19 6 63
43/1.8=24 7 57
54/1.8= 30 8 52
65/1.8=19 9 47
63/1.8=35 10 41
57/1.8=32 11 35
52/1.8=29 12 28
47/1.8=26
41/1.8=23
35/1.8=19
28/1.8= 16

5. For Station 301, use the regional balance equation and estimations of evaporation and infiltration to estimate the
flow rate.The area measured for the basin is of 24km2.
dS
Assuming:
= P − Q − ET + G − G
in out Q = P − ET − Inf Evaporation = 25%
dt Infiltration = 15%
Total Presipitation From 2001-2012= 4949mm
Evaporation= 25% of 4949= 1237.25mm
Infiltration= 15% of 4949= 742.35mm
Remaining= (4949-1237.25-742.35)=2969.4mm
Basin area= 24km2
Volume of water= 24x 1000^2x 2.9694(2969.4/1000)= 71.26x10^6m3
Flow rate: 71.26x10^6/11x365x24x3600= 0.205m3/sec

Precipitation
Year [mm]
2001 226
2002 306
2003 328
2004 295
2005 323
2006 374
2007 487
2008 441
2009 530
2010 439
2011 588
2012 612
6. Based on the raw precipitation data shown for the INDRHI climate season in El Rio, in Constanza, process and analyze the
time series for calculating and graphing the standardized precipitation rate(IPE).

To achieve this goal, you will need to complete the following steps:
a) Download the data in csv format for El Rio station;
b) Separate the columns from the file using the "Data" tab, and then "Text to Columns" (Example of procedure here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8t4N5X79jkI;
c) Convert the formatting of the column cells from "Time", instead of "number" to "date";
d) Use the procedure and equation shown in classes to find the IPE; And
e) Plot the IPE for the dates contained.