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ASTM A449

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Scope

ASTM A449 covers headed bolts, rods, and anchor bolts in diameters ranging from 1/4" through 3" inclusive. It is a
medium strength bolt manufactured from a medium carbon or alloy steel that develops its mechanical values through
a heat treating process. It is intended for general engineering applications.

ASTM A449 is virtually identical in chemistry and strength to ASTM A325 and SAE J429 grade 5. However, A449 is
more flexible in the sense that it covers a larger diameter range and is not restricted by a specific configuration.

TYPES

TYPE 1 Plain carbon steel, carbon boron steel, alloy steel, or alloy boron steel.
TYPE 2 Withdrawn 2003
TYPE 3 Weathering steel.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Size Tensile, ksi Yield, ksi Elong. %, min RA %, min


1/4 - 1 120 min 92 min 14 35
1-1/8 - 1-1/2 105 min 81 min 14 35
1-5/8 - 3 90 min 58 min 14 35

RECOMMENDED NUTS and WASHERS

Nuts
Plain Galvanized Washers
1/4 - 1-1/2 1-5/8 - 3 1/4 - 3
A563B Hex A563A Heavy Hex A563DH Heavy Hex F436

Dimensions per ASTM F436


B A C
Weight in Pounds
Bolt Size Thickness
Outside Diameter Inside Diameter Per 1000 Pieces
Min Max
1/2 1-1/16 17/32 0.097 0.177 18
5/8 1-5/16 11/16 0.122 0.177 33
3/4 1-15/32 13/16 0.122 0.177 41
7/8 1-3/4 15/16 0.136 0.177 64
1 2 1-1/16 0.136 0.177 82
1-1/8 2-1/4 1-3/16 0.136 0.177 105
1-1/4 2-1/2 1-3/8 0.136 0.177 133
1-3/8 2-3/4 1-1/2 0.136 0.177 163
1-1/2 3 1-5/8 0.136 0.177 200
1-5/8 3-1/4 1-3/4 0.178 0.28 320
1-3/4 3-3/8 1-7/8 0.178 0.28 307
1-7/8 3-1/2 2 0.178 0.28 360
2 3-3/4 2-1/8 0.178 0.28 380
2-1/4 4 2-3/8 0.24 0.34 560
2-1/2 4-1/2 2-5/8 0.24 0.34 720
2-3/4 5 2-7/8 0.24 0.34 920
3 5-1/2 3-1/8 0.24 0.34 1040
3-1/4 6 3-3/8 0.24 0.34 1350
3-1/2 6-1/2 3-5/8 0.24 0.34 1633
3-3/4 7 3-7/8 0.24 0.34 1880
4 7-1/2 4-1/8 0.24 0.34 2200

SAE J429 has the following requirements for a Grade 5 fastener:

Medium carbon steel


Carbon content = 0.28-0.55
Phosphorus = 0.030 max
Sulfur = 0.050 max
Quenched & tempered, with a minimum tempering temperature of 427 C (900 F)

Hardness
Mechanical Properties
Rockwell
Nominal Size Proof Yield Tensile
Grade Marking Specification Material and Treatment
(In.) Load Strength Strength
Min Max
Min Min Min
(ksi) (ksi) (ksi)

SAE J429
¼" - 1½" 33 36 60 B70 B100
Grade 1

A307
- - 60 B69 B100
Grade A

A307 60 min
- - B69 B95
Grade B 100 max

A307
Grade C
58 min
- 36 - -
Low or Medium Carbon 80 max
*Replaced see ¼" - 4"
Steel
note 7.
One End Green

F1554 58 min
- 36 - -
Grade 36 80 max

One End Blue

F1554 75 min
- 55 - -
Grade 55 95 max

One End Yellow

¼" - ¾" 55 57 74 B80 B100


SAE J429
Grade 2
⅞" - 1½" 33 36 60 B70 B100
A193/A320
AISI SS304 Stainless
Grade B8
No
- 30 75 - B96
Restrictions
A193/A320 AISI SS316 Stainless
Grade B8M Steel

A325 Medium Carbon Steel,


Type 1 Q&T
½" - 1" 85 92 120 C24 C35

1⅛" - 1½" 74 81 105 C19 C31


Atmospheric Corrosion
A325
Resistant Steel,
Type 3
Q&T

¼" - 1" 85 92 120 C25 C34


SAE J429
Grade 5
1⅛" - 1½"  74 81 105 C19 C30
Medium Carbon Steel,
Q&T ¼" - 1" 85 92 120 C25 C34
A449
1⅛" - 1½"  74 81 105 C19 C30
Type 1
  1⅝" - 3" 55 58 90 B91 B100
¼" - 1" 85 92 120 C25 C34
A449 Weathering Steel, Q &
1⅛" - 1½"  74 81 105 C19 C30
Type 3 T
  1⅝" - 3" 55 58 90 B91 B100
Medium Carbon Alloy ¼" - 2½" 105 125 C35
Steel,
A193
Q & T  2⅝" - 4" - 95 115 - C35
Grade B7
4⅛" - 7" 75 100 C35
A354 ¼" - 2½" 105 109 125 C26 C36
Grade BC
2⅝" - 4" 95 94 115 C22 C33
F1554 125 min
¼" - 3" - 105 - -
Grade 105 150 max

One End Red

A320 AISI 4140, 4142, or


¼" - 2½" - 105 125 - -
Grade L7 4145

A320
AISI 4340 ¼" - 4" - 105 125 - -
Grade L43

A490 Medium Carbon Alloy


Type 1 Steel, Q & T
150 min
½" - 1½" 120 130 C33 C38
173 max
Atmospheric Corrosion
A490
Resistant Steel,
Type 3
Q&T

SAE J429
¼" - 1½" 120 130 150 C33 C39
Grade 8
Medium Carbon Alloy
Steel, Q & T
¼" - 2½" 120 130 150 C33 C39
A354
Grade BD
2⅝" - 4" 105 115 140 C31 C39

1. All specifications are ASTM unless otherwise noted.


2. All specifications shall be marked by the manufacturer with a unique identifier to identify the manufacturer or
private label distributor, as appropriate.

3. Q & T - Quenched and Tempered.

4. Although markings are shown on hex heads, stamping is a requirement on one end of rods and studs. The
exception is F1554 and A307 grade C in which stamping is a supplemental requirement while color coding
is required.

5. Although markings are shown on hex heads, grade markings apply equally to products with other head
configurations.
6. All Grade BD products shall be marked "BD". In addition to the "BD" marking, the product may be marked
with 6 radial lines 60° apart.

7. ASTM A307 grade C has been replaced by ASTM F1554 grade 36.

bolts: metric standards


Standards for metric bolts are promulgated by the ISO, but adopted by individual nations. 

Dimensions
A table of major diameters and pitches, up to 30 mm in diameter.

Thread classes of fit


Please go here.

Property classes
In metric bolts, strength is described by “property classes.” A property class designation consists
of two numbers separated by a decimal point. There are nine commonly encountered: 4.6, 4.8,
5.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9 and 12.9. In the United States, property classes 8.8.3 and 10.9.3 also defined;
the "3" after the second decimal point indicates the fastener is made of weathering steel.

 The number before the first decimal point is approximately one-hundredth of the nominal
minimum tensile strength of the bolt in newtons per square millimeter (or megapascals, which is
the same thing).
 The number after the first decimal point is approximately the ratio between the minimum yield
stress and the minimum tensile strength, times ten.

markings

Hex head bolts M5 and larger must have the property class marked on the head of the bolt, either
in raised or depressed lettering. Fasteners smaller than M5, and those with slotted or recessed
heads, whatever their diameter, need not be marked.  Radial lines, such those used to mark SAE
grades, are never used on metric bolts. 

 
 
Property Fastener
 Composition   Marking
Class Sizes

4.6 M5-M100     4.6

4.8 M1.6-M16     4.8

M5-M24;
5.8  cold worked   5.8
lengths ≤ 150mm

8.8 M16-M72 8.8

Q&T   
A325M A325M
M16-M36
Type 1 8S

8.8   8.8
Q&T 
M16-M36
A325M A325M
   
Type 2 8S

A325M  weathering steel; A325M


 M16-M36  
Type 3 Q&T 8S3

9.8  M1.6-M16 Q&T   9.8

9.8  M1.6-M16 Q&T   9.8

10.9  M5-M20 Q&T    10.9

10.9  M5-M100 Q&T    10.9

A490M A490M
M12-M36  Q&T   
Type 1 10S

10.9 M5-M36  10.9


Q&T  
A490M A490M
M12-M36    
Type 2 10S
A490M weathering steel; A490M
M12-M36  
Type 3 Q&T 10S3

12.9 M1.6-M100 Q&T   12.9

Key: Q&T= quenched and tempered;

correspondence with other grading systems

Approximately Equivalent Grades

ISO
Inch-based systems
class

SAE J429 grade 1


4.6
ASTM A 307, grade A

6.8 SAE grade 2

5.8 SAE J429, grade 2

6.8 SAE grade 2

SAE J429,  grade 5


8.8 ASTM A 325, types 1 & 2 (M16 and larger)
ASTM A 449

8.8.3 ASTM A325, type 3 (weathering steels)

9% stronger than
9.8 SAE J429, grade 5
ASTM A 449

SAE J429, grade 8


10.9
ASTM A 354, grade BD
10.9.3 ASTM A 490

12.9 ASTM A 574

ASTM International.
Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Externally Threaded Metric Fasteners (Metric), F 568M
- 07.

ISO R898

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