06-09-25 B Tr1-08e

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06-09-25 B TR1-08E
CIRCUIT- BREAKERS 12 - 420 kV
Introduction
This English text is to be regarded as a translation of the Swedish guidelines

as a guide for foreign manufacturers. The Swedish text and the
interpretation thereof shall govern the contract and the legal relations
between the parties.
These guidelines are mainly based on Swedish Standard SS-EN 62271-100.

The guidelines specify alternative in the case of more possibilities and also
include additions and elucidations to the standard. The guidelines can be
made binding by the Purchaser and will then specify the requirements
which together with the applicable standard are valid for the design and
testing of circuit-breakers for rated voltages 12 - 420 kV. The guidelines are
not applicable for generator circuit-breakers.
This document replaces TR 008:1, TR 013:1 och TR 014:1.
It has been compiled on order of Svenska Kraftnät (Swedish National Grid)

and Vattenfall Eldistribution AB. It has been approved as a suitable support
for purchase.
Vattenfall Eldistribution AB
Svenska Kraftnät 06-09-25 TR 1-08E rev B
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Contents
1. GENERAL .....................................................................................4
1.1 Applicable standards ...................................................................................... 4
2. SERVICE CONDITIONS...................................................................5
2.1. Ambient temperature ..................................................................................... 5
2.2. Ice and Wind ................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Pollution ............................................................................................................ 6
3. DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................6
4. RATING ...........................................................................................6
4.1 Rated insulation level ...................................................................................... 6
4.2 Rated frequency. .............................................................................................. 8
4.3 Rated current .................................................................................................... 8
4.4 Rated duration of short-circuit........................................................................ 8
4.5 Rated short-circuit breaking current.............................................................. 8
4.6 Rated operating cycle ...................................................................................... 8
4.7 Capacitive current switching .......................................................................... 9
4.7.1 Rated breaking current, line at no load....................................................... 9
4.7.2 Rated breaking current, cable at no load.................................................... 9
4.8 Inductive current switching............................................................................. 9
4.9 Interrupting time .............................................................................................10
4.10 Mechanical capability ..................................................................................10
4.11 Electrical capability......................................................................................10
4.12 Tightness.......................................................................................................10
5. CIRCUIT-BREAKER DESIGN........................................................10
5.1 General ............................................................................................................10
5.2 Indications.......................................................................................................10
5.3 Gas and Gas-control ......................................................................................10
5.4 Rating plates ...................................................................................................11
5.5 Protection against corrosion ........................................................................11
5.6 Insulators ........................................................................................................11
5.7 H.V. Terminals................................................................................................14
5.8 Arrangement ...................................................................................................15
5.9 Earthing. ..........................................................................................................15
5.10 Condition control .........................................................................................15
5.11 Specific requirements for disconnecting circuit-breaker ........................15
5.12 Maintenance..................................................................................................15
6. DESIGN OF OPERATING DEVICE ................................................16
6.1 Mechanical design .........................................................................................16
6.2 Electrical design .............................................................................................17
6.3 Specific requirements on motor-operated spring mechanism..................20
6.4 Specific requirements on compressed air operated mechanism .............21
6.5 Specific requirements on hydrualic operated mechanism ........................22
7. LABELS .........................................................................................23
7.1 Indication.........................................................................................................23
7.2 Switch for operating circuit...........................................................................23
7.3 Motor-protective circuit-breaker ...................................................................23
7.4 Switch for heating circuit ..............................................................................23
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7.5 Locking of disconnecting circuit-breaker....................................................23

8. PRESSURE AIR VESSEL REQUIREMENTS.................................24
8.1 Quality system ................................................................................................24
8.2 Type-acceptance ............................................................................................24
8.3 Pressure vessel documentation ...................................................................24
9. DOCUMENTATION ........................................................................24
9.1 General ............................................................................................................24
9.2 Tender documentation...................................................................................24
9.3 Documentation together with apparatus delivery.......................................25
9.4 Documentation and spares after delivery....................................................26
10 APPENDIX .......................................................................................27
10.1 Appendix 1 Terminal Plate och Bolt, dimensions. ..............................27
10.2 Appendix 2 Padlock................................................................................28
10.3 Appendix 3 Basic and guarantee data ..................................................29
10.4 Appendix 4 Additional requirements ....................................................30
10.5 Appendix 5 Main Contacts movements................................................32
10.6 Appendix 6 The dry salt layer (Dsl) pollution test method .................33
10.7 Appendix 7 Component Data List..........................................................38
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1. GENERAL
1.1 Applicable standards

Applicable Swedish Standards are valid. When there is no Swedish
Standard European Standards (EN) and IEC Publications shall apply. The
latest edition shall apply.
Where circuit-breakers offered do not in every way fulfill the stipulated

standards and the additions from the guidelines, deviations shall be
specified.
The guidelines include in appendix 4 main data intended for use at

purchase. The Purchaser shall indicate the demands on the breaker to be
purchased, both specific requirements and selections when found in the
standards. The Tenderer shall then indicate the tests he will refer to as
verification on specified data.
Applicable standards and guidelines:
SS 401 03 10 Switchgear, controlgear and fuses -

Vocabulary.
SS-EN 60694 Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear
and controlgear standards.
SS-EN 62271 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part
100:
High-voltage alternating-current circuit-breaker
and other applicable parts.
SS-EN 62271-203 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part
203:
Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated
voltages above 52 kV
SS-EN 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP
code).
SS-EN ISO 1461 Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and
steel articles
SS 3192 Hot dip galvanized threaded pieces of steel.
SS 14 23 03 Stainless steel – SS steel 2303
SS 421 01 67 Design of outdoor substations - Wind and ice
loads.
IEC 60059 IEC standard current ratings
IEC 60296 Fluids for electrotechnical applications – unused
mineral insulating oils for transformers and
switchgear
IEC 62271-101 Synthetic testing of high-voltage alternating
current circuit-breakers.
IEC 60815 Guide for the selection of insulators in respect of
polluted conditions.
IEC 61462 Composite insulators – Hollow insulators for use in
outdoor and indoor electrical equipment
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IEC 62271-108 High-voltage alternating current disconnecting

circuit-breakers for rated voltages of 72,5 kV and
above.
IEC TR 62271-310 Electrical endurance testing for circuit-breakers of
rated voltage 72,5 kV and above.
RN 1978 Standard for tubes
AFS 1994:53 Arbetarskyddsstyrelsens tryckkärlsförordning
(National Board of Occupational Safety and Health.
Ordinance concerning Simple Pressure Vessels)

Ordinance concerning Pressurized devices)
Manufactoring concerning Pressurized devices
Testing concerning Pressurized devices
SS 06 41 01 Welded vessels — Design, manufacturing,
inspection and testing
SS-EN 50052 Cast aluminium alloy enclusures for gasfilled
highvoltage switchgear and controlgear
SS-EN 50064 Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy
enclosures for gas-filled high-voltage switchgear
and controlgear
SS-EN 50068 Wrought steel enclosures for gas-filled high-voltage
switchgear and controlgear
SS-EN 50069 Welded composite enclosures of cast and wrought
aluminium alloys for gas-filled high-voltage
switchgear and controlgear
SMS 1645 Pressure gauges. Needle valves. Male ends and
flange for testing connection PN 64
SMS 1647 Pressure gauges. Needle valves. Male ends and
flange for testing connection PN 160
2. SERVICE CONDITIONS
2.1. Ambient temperature
It shall be informed at which conditions the breaker shall be installed on
site and which temperature interval is applicable. For indoor installation
+40 °C to -25 °C is stated. In normally heated rooms -5 °C can be accepted.
For outdoor installation a lowest ambient temperature of -40 °C is stated in

south and central Sweden and -50 °C in north Sweden.
2.2. Ice and Wind

For outdoor installation ice thickness class 20 mm shall apply i.e. the
circuit-breaker shall be possible to operate with a layer of 20 mm ice.
For normal applications the wind pressure 700 Pa against a cylindrical

surface shall apply. This corresponds to a wind velocity of 34 m/s. For
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equipment in exposed locations, e.g. coastal or mountain areas, a higher

wind pressure might be necessary. Dimensioning shall then be done with a
wind pressure in accordance with
SS 42101 67.
2.3 Pollution
At installation in dirty and/or salty environment reinforced requirements for
corrosion protection, wash ability and creep distance of insulators will be
specified. See also item 5.5 and 5.6.
3. DEFINITIONS
Definitions are specified in applicable standards.
Rated voltage
the rated voltage indicates the upper limit of the highest voltage of systems
for which the circuit breaker is intended. (same voltage as the highest
voltage for equipment)
Rated value
a quantity value assigned, generally by the manufacturer, for a specified
operating condition of a component, device or equipment. (IEV 151-04-03)
Highest voltage of equipment

the highest r.m.s phase-to-phase voltage for which the equipment is
designed in respect of its insulation as well as other characteristics which
relate to this voltage in the relevant equipment standards. (IEV 604-03-01)
4. RATING
4.1 Rated insulation level
4.1.1 Conventional circuit-breakers

The following values of insulation levels should be used:
Rated lightning impulse Rated 1 min power frequency

Rated voltage withstand voltage frequency withstand voltage
kV (rms) kV (peak) kV (r.m.s)
to earth, to earth,
across the across the
between poles between poles
insulating insulating
and over open and over open
distance distance
pole pole
12 75 85 28 32
24 125 145 50 60
36 170 195 70 80
52 250 290 95 110
82.5 325 440 150 175
145 650 750 275 315
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170 650 750 275 315

245 950 1050 395 460
Rated Rated lightning Rated switching Rated 1 min

voltage withstand voltage impulse withstand power frequency-
kV kV (peak) voltage kV (peak) withstand voltage
(r.m.s) kV (r.m.s.)
across open across open
across
phase pole and phase to phase to pole and
isolating
to earth isolating earth earth isolating
distance
distance distance
420 1425 1425 (+240) 1050 900 (+345) 520 610
Values in brackets are the peak values of power frequency voltage
applied to the opposite terminal. (combined voltage)
4.1.2 Circuit-breaker in gasinsulated switchgear

The following values of insulation level should be used for circuit-breakers
in GIS:
Rated lightning impulse Rated 1 min power frequency

voltage
withstand voltage withstand voltage
kV (rms)
kV (peak) kV (r.m.s)
across the to earth, across the
to earth, between
insolating between poles isolating
poles and over
distance and over open distance
open pole
pole
12 75 85 28 32
24 125 145 50 60
36 170 195 70 80
52 250 290 95 110
82.5 325 375 140 160
145 650 750 275 315
170 650 750 275 315
245 1050 1200 460 530
Rated Rated lightning Rated switching

Rated 1 min power
voltage withstand voltage impulse
frequency
kV kV (peak) withstand voltage
withstand voltage
(rms) kV (peak)
kV (r.m.s)
phase across open across the phase to across

to pole and phase to isolating earth open pole
earth isolating earth distance and
distance isolating
distance
420 1425 1425 (+240) 1050 900 (+345) 650 815
Values in brackets are the peak values of power frequency voltage applied to
the opposite terminal. (combined voltage)
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4.2 Rated frequency.

The rated frequency shall be 50 Hz.
4.3 Rated current

Below is stated a choice which in first place shall be chosen so that an
abundance of variation is avoided.
The rated current shall be chosen among the following values:

630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150, 4000 A.
4.4 Rated duration of short-circuit

The normal rated short-circuit duration for circuit-breakers is 1 sec.
In special applications where fast disconnection of faults are guaranteed by
redundant protection device, arc control or similar, a shorter short-circuit
duration is permit to be accounted. This time shall then be 0,5 sec.
4.5 Rated short-circuit breaking current

The rated breaking current is the highest current the breaker is designed to
break during normal conditions. The rated breaking current shall be chosen
from the R10 series in IEC 60059.
12.5, 16, 20, 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100 kA
(It can be an advantage to use circuit-breakers with only one rated breaking
capacity in a network for reason of spare parts.)
4.5.1 DC component of the rated short-circuit breaking current

The percentage d.c. component shall be determined in accordance with IEC
62271:100 § 4.101.2. Normally the time constant shall be 45 msec (alt.a)
but for circuit-breakers near generation a higher value on the time constant
may be necessary.
4.5.2 Transient recovery voltage

In most cases the values specified in IEC 62271:100 § 6.104.5 are sufficient
and shall be verified by the manufacturer in the tender.
For some circuit-breakers on the lower side of transformers with extra high
short-circuit currents, higher values may be necessary.
4.6 Rated operating cycle

For circuit-breakers designed for rapid auto-reclosing the rated operating
cycle shall be
O - 0.3s – CO - 1 min - CO
For other circuit-breakers:

O - 1 min – CO - 1 min - CO
For some circuit-breakers, for instance by-pass breakers for series-

capacitors and reactor-breakers, other operating cycles can be needed.
These shall then be specified in the inquiry. For circuit breaker with
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operating device driven by compressed air or hydraulic the recovery time

between a finished operating cycle and a new CO shall be stated by the
manufacturer in the tender.
4.7 Capacitive current switching

Circuit breakers intended for coupling of capacitive currents shall be of
class C2 i.e. with very low probability for restrikes.
4.7.1 Rated breaking current, line at no load

Tests shall normally be performed with values in accordance with
IEC 62271:100 § 4.107 table 5.
If the length of line is more than:

82,5 kV - 25 km
145 kV, 170 kV – 100 km
245 kV, 420 kV – 300 km
The following values shall be used for the currents

Rated Voltage kV Breaking current Voltage before Voltage after
A breaking breaking
kV kV
82.5 40 100 77
145 65 170 145
170 70 190 160
245 250 270 220
420 650 500 400
Note: In accordance with IEC 62271-100 § 6.111.7 the test voltage at single-phase
test just before opening shall be less than Ur/√3 x kc where kc is 1.4 for applications
in solidly earthed networks and 1.7 in resonant earthed networks.
4.7.2 Rated breaking current, cable at no load

Breaking of cable at no load shall be tested for voltages above 24 kV. Test
shall be performed with values in accordance with IEC 62271:100 § 4.107
table 5 or a higher value of the current if applicable.
4.7.3 Switching of capacitors

Test of capacitor-breakers shall verify the capacity to switch both single and
paralel capacitor banks. Test shall be performed with values in accordance
with IEC 62271:100 § 4.107 table 5 or a higher value of current if
applicable. Values for the closing current can be determined with help of
IEC 62271:100 Annex H.
The rated inrush current shall be 20 kA peak with a frequency of 4.25 kHz.
Higher values can be needed in specific cases, for instance at by-pass
breakers for series capacitors. See IEC 62271-109. The inrush current can
be reduced with help of a reactor or with synchronized closing. If reduction
of the closing current is done with help of synchronizing, the circuit-breaker
shall be dimensioned for values settled by closing without reduction.
Specific requirements on the circuit-breaker at synchronized closing and the
depending test is explained in appendix 5.
4.8 Inductive current switching

Griddisturbances and dips at connection and disconnection of big
reactors and connection of transformers can be reduced by
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synchronizing devices. Devices should be installed for all reaktors ≥

245kV. For transformers
≥ 500 MVA (low connection rate) or ≥ 200 MVA (high connection rate)
the breaker shall be synchronizied if stated in the inquiry. As
information on Power Quality Requirements see TR6.
Specific requirements on circuit-breakers with synchronizing devices
are specified in appendix 5.
Alternatively closing resistors can be used, if asked for. For transformers

above 500 MVA a resistor of 5000 ohm during 15 ms closing time is
chosen. Tests shall be performed according to IEC 61233.
4.9 Interrupting time

Interrupting time may not exceed 60 ms. Sometimes a shorter interrupting
time is needed.
4.10 Mechanical capability

If not other is specified, the circuit-breaker shall be of mechanical class M1
(2000 operating cycles). Circuit-breakers for reactors and capacitor banks
shall be of mechanical class M2 (10 000 operating cycles).
4.11 Electrical capability

Circuit-breakers shall be of class E1.
4.12 Tightness
Circuit-breaker filled with SF6-gas may not leak more than 0,5 % per year.
5. CIRCUIT-BREAKER DESIGN
5.1 General
Reaction forces at operation and permissible oscillations in the supporting
structure shall be stated for dimensioning of the foundation and the
supporting frame.
5.2 Indications
The circuit-breakers position shall be indicated mechanically at circuit-
breaker poles, linkages or operating mechanisms. The indicator shall be
easy to read during operation.
As position-indication the breakers end positions shall be indicated. For

labeling see clause 7.1.
5.3 Gas and Gas-control

Gas-insulated circuit-breakers 245-420kV shall be design for filling of gas at
field at a person safe manner with the breaker closed. Gas for refilling shall
be in the delivery. Gas-insulated circuit-breakers shall be controlled with
density meters with closing contact function at two levels (filling, blocking).
The density shall be indicated with displaying instrument.
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13
5.4 Rating plates
Rating plates shall have text in Swedish. Rating plate can be placed
separately on circuit-breaker and operating device or be combined where
the equipment is one unit.
Besides the compulsory data the appropriate rated pressure for gas and
liquid shall be stated at breaker and operating device.
On the operating mechanisms shall be stated voltage and frequency for the
circuits in the mechanism (control- and auxiliary-circuits).
5.5 Protection against corrosion

External parts shall be made of corrosion-resistant material. Steel shall be
corrosion free or hot-dip galvanized (SS-EN ISO 1461). Machined surfaces
may be protected in other permanent way.
Inside parts are considered satisfactory protected if they are painted or

coated with grease.
When the circuit-breaker shall be installed in corrosive atmosphere

increased corrosion protection may be necessary. This shall then be stated
in the inquiry.
5.6 Insulators
Composite insulators shall be used at 245 and 420kV. For rated voltages
below 245kV composit insulators shall be preferred.
5.6.1 Composite insulators

Disconnecting circuit-breakers for rated voltages 245 kV and 420 kV shall
be equipped with composite insulators. Also conventional circuit-breakers
for these voltages shall be equipped with composite insulators if nothing
else is specified. Disconnecting circuit-breakers and conventional circuit-
breakers for rated voltages <245 kV should be equipped with composite
insulators.
Composite insulators shall be designed and tested in accordance with

applicable standards and IEC 61462.
The outer insulation material of composite insulators shall be of silicon

rubber.
Interrupter chamber of composite material shall be designed so that

bursting as a result of internal over-pressure is prohibited.
In normal atmosphere (class I in accordance with IEC 60815) the insulator

shall be dimensioned with other parameters than pollution performance,
such as power frequency withstand in rain and lighting withstand. The
creep distance shall be minimum 21 mm/kV (phase/earth).
In polluted atmosphere the creepage distance is not the most relevant

parameter for pollution performance. A functional test simulating the
pollution at coastal conditions is more relevant. Two alternative test
methods are recommended:
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1. A modified solid layer method according to IEC 60507

Dry kaolin is applied as preconditioning to the insulator housing using
sponge, cotton wool or a brush. The surplus of kaolin is blown off (e.g. with
an electric blower) to leave a very thin layer covering the insulator housing
completely. Then the suspension as specified in clause 13.2 of IEC
60507:1991 can be applied using the method described in clause 15 of the
same standard. The salt deposit density (SDD) measured on the insulator
shall be 15 mg/cm2. The test is performed as soon as the pollution layer is
completely dry, but the elapsed time before the test is performed should not
exceed 18 hours after the end of pollution application.
2. The dry salt layer (DSL) method

The method is described in appendix 6 in these guidelines. The salt deposit
density at test shall be SDD 0,15 mg/cm2, a pollution level relevant for
Sweden.
As an alternative to the pollution testing the same minimum creepage

length as given in tables in §5.6.3 for polluted atmosphere can be used. A
shorter creepage length can be used only if it is verified by one of the test
methods described above.
For ice performance the same recommendations as for ceramic insulators

are adapted, which means that vertical insulators shall have a maximal
mean field strength of 85 kV/m (phase/earth) in the axial direction of the
insulator. For horizontal insulators the pollution performance is
dimensioning.
When the load carrying insulator tube is strengthened with glass fibre,
decomposition products from SF6 can affect the glass fibre. In this case the
insulator shall be provided with a protective layer or in another way
designed not be damaged by the decomposition products.
Composite insulators with integrated opto-fibres shall be designed and

tested as decided for composite insulators. The opto-fibre may not have
injurious effect on the insulation performance or other performances of the
insulator. Not either may tests on the insulator deteriorate the performance
of the opto-fibre. Tests shall be performed with the opto-fibre erected as in
production. Additionally the performance of the opto-fibre shall be verified
after each test, which can affect the optical performance of the fibre.
5.6.2 Ceramic insulators

Insulators shall be designed and tested according to applicable standards
and
IEC 60815.
In polluted atmosphere insulators shall have increased creep distance. The

normal and increased creepage distances for insulators shall be in
accordance with table in
§ 5.6.3.
Increased creepage distance is recommended in the west coast of Sweden

(approximately 30 km from the coast and in the valley of the river Göta älv
up to the lake Vänern). As an alternative to dimensioning by creepage
distance in coast areas the insulation can be verified in accordance with IEC
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60507, salt layer method (section three). The salinity in test shall be 40 g/l
which correspond to the conditions of polluted atmosphere in the west
coast of Sweden.
For ice performance the creepage distance on vertical insulators is less

relevant than pollution performance as the ice will bridge the insulator
sheds. Here the length of insulator and the distances between insulator
sheds are more essential. For vertical ceramic insulators the mean field
strength along the insulator shall not be more than
85 kV/m (phase/earth). For horizontal interrupters and insulators of
capacitors in parallel, the dimensioning for pollution shall be done in
accordance with the table in
§ 5.6.3. The recommendations regards ice performance in areas with risk for
ice are valid besides the dimensioning of creepage distance.
In some exposed areas washing may be required. The possibility for washing
shall then be specified in the inquiry. Circuit-breakers can be washable,
washable with limitations or not washable. If the circuit-breaker is washable
with limitations, the supplier shall specify the limitation in the tender.
5.6.3 Creepage distances

The required creepage distances for vertical insulators and interrupters
without capacitors in polluted and clean environment are specified in the
tables below:
Minimum creepage distance, mm
Rated voltage Ceramic Composit

kV (r.m.s) Polluted
Clean
atmosphere Clean
atmosphere
(class II och atmosphere
(class I)1
III)1
12 300 200 150
24 600 400 300
36 900 600 450
52 1300 850 650
82,5 2100 1350 1000
145 3700 2350 1750
170 4300 2750 2050
245 6200 3950 3000
420 10650 6800 5100
1
In accordance with table II in IEC 60815
For horizontal interrupters with capacitors in parallel or closing resistors

the following creepage distances shall be applied:
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Rated voltage
Minimum creepage distance, mm
kV (r.m.s)
Clean
Polluted atmosphere (class II
atmosphere
och III)1
(class I)1
12 400 250
24 750 500
36 1150 750
52 1600 1050
82,5 2600 1650
145 4500 2950
170 5300 3450
245 7650 4950
420 13100 8500
1) Are based on 54 mm/kV and 35 mm/kV (phase/earth) respectively.
5.7 H.V. Terminals

Circuit-breakers with one interrupter per pole shall be possible to connect
in two opposite directions.
The H.V. terminal can be either a plate or a bolt. The selected thickness of
the plate shall be verified at the temperature-rise test. Additional part added
to the H.V. terminal to fulfill the required dimensions should be avoided.
Dimensions of the terminals are shown in Appendix 1.
Terminals of copper or copper alloy shall be tin-plated with a layer of

minimum
50 µm or alternatively silver-plated with a layer of minimum 20 µm. A
copper alloy sensitive to stress corrosion shall not be used.
Terminals made of aluminium or aluminium alloy shall not be surface

treated. An aluminium alloy sensitive to stress corrosion, layer corrosion or
intercrystalline corrosion shall not be used. Terminal plate of aluminium or
aluminium alloy shall have a hardness of min HB 75.
Terminal plates are selected on the basis of rated current for the circuit
breaker as follows:
Size Rated current of circuit-breaker
(A)
4 - 75 630 - 1250
9 - 125 1600 - 3150
12 – 165 *) 4000
*) Terminal plate 9 – 125 can be chosen if the manufacturer by temperature rise
test can prove that the permitted rise of temperature will not be exceeded at loads
up to 4000 A.
Terminal bolts are selected on the basis of rated current for the circuit
breaker as follows:
Size Rated current of Rated current of
circuit-breaker (A) circuit-breaker (A)
Bolt of aluminium Bolt of copper
30 630 - 1250 630 - 1600
40 1600 2000 - 2500
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60 2000 - 2500 3150 - 4000
5.8 Arrangement
Unless otherwise specified the following pole distance shall be used:
Rated voltage Distance mm
kV c/c
82,5 1500
145 – 170 2500
245 4000
420 6500
5.9 Earthing.
The earthing terminal shall be designed for cable lugs with two holes.
5.10 Condition control

For control of condition (position, movement, vibration etc.) appropriate
external test-contacts shall be available. Equipment for time-measuring on
live breaker shall be available (for instance accurate auxiliary contacts). At
suitable location inside the operating device there shall be a hole for
vibration analysis (diameter 5,5 mm, thread ¼” – 28-UNF, deap minimum 5
mm). Methods for condition control shall be specified in manuals. Nominal
values and tolerances shall be stated for new and aged equipment.
5.11 Specific requirements for disconnecting circuit-breaker

Disconnecting circuit-breakers shall be designed and tested in accordance
with
IEC 62271-108.
The disconnecting circuit-breaker shall be possible to mechanically lock in

position FRÅN (OFF). The locking device shall withstand forces developed
when operating a locked apparatus. The device shall be possible to lock with
a padlock of purchasers standard. At locking, the electrical operation shall
be blocked by interlocking the operating circuits. The position of locking
shall be labeled, see clause 7.6.
There are severe requirements on the performance of the indicating device of

the disconnecting circuit-breaker. For testing see SS-EN 62271-102.
Disconnecting circuit-breakers shall not be provided with steering

capacitors or resistor elements.
5.12 Maintenance
The manufacturer shall state the need for maintenance as a function of
time, operation- and fault-currents, number of operations and environment
and also specify life-time, intervals of overhaul, needed auxiliary devices,
spare parts, costs for these and needed time for overhaul.
The manufacturer shall submit a specification over repair-materials for

carrying out small repairs. The specification shall include dimensions,
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materials etc. Standard products ought to be available in Swedish branch

shops.
Example of repair-materials are:

Sealing material
For the construction specific, smaller components or details.
Machine elements such as locking devices, springs, bearings etc.
Lubricants, oils, solvents and other chemicals.
6. DESIGN OF OPERATING DEVICE

6.1 Mechanical design
6.1.1 Accessibility
The vital parts shall be easily accessible for inspection and service
The enclosure shall be easily to dismantle and shall have at least one easy-
to-open door, which in outdoor application shall be lockable with a padlock
in accordance with annex 3. Opening and closing shall be possible by
means of a single permanently attached hand-grip which is easily
accessible.
Service-area and its limits shall be specified in the dimension drawing.
6.1.2 Degrees of protection

The operating mechanism shall have an enclosure with a degree of
protection of at least lP54 in accordance with SS-EN 60529. When a
washable design is necessary the degree of protection shall be at least IP55.
At indoor design the degree of protection shall be at least IP51.
The enclosure for the operating mechanism shall be ventilated and the
ventilation openings shall be covered with fine-mesh wire netting or
similar.
6.1.3 Earthing
The metal enclosure shall be provided with an outer terminal for protective
earthing.
Enclosure made of insulating material shall be provided with a similar

terminal to which also all internal separated parts of metal shall be
connected.
On the inside of the enclosure there shall be a connection for protective

grounding of cable sheaths.
6.1.4 Device for slow close and open operation

Possible device for slow closing and opening operation shall be of self-
restricting design. The device shall have sufficient mechanic strength for
safety operation.
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6.2 Electrical design
6.2.1 General
Control and motor circuits shall, if not other is specified, be designed for
DC, 110 V or 220 V.
Heating circuits shall be designed for 230 V, 50 Hz.
Live part near device for service shall be protected against unintentional
contact.
Auxiliary contacts shall be easily accessible for connection, inspection and

adjustment.
Components shall be provided with special markings for identification on

electrical circuit diagrams. Terminals shall be clearly and durable marked.
Connecting cables inside the operating mechanism shall have a minimum
cross section of 1.5 mm2 and be clearly and durably marked at both ends.
Contact parts and screws shall be corrosion-resistant.
6.2.2 Function
Breakers shall be designed for electrical closing (TILL) and opening (FRÅN)
by remote control and locally for electrical opening (FRÅN).
The electrical connections shall be so arranged, that started operations are

completed irrespective of the duration of the operating impulse. Operation
shall start after an impulse ≥ 50 ms. Relays shall be designed for
continuous connection.
Both plus and plus and minus control shall be possible. Exception for
breaker with voltage < 82,5 kV where plus-pole operating impulse is used.
Motor-circuit shall be designed for plus and minus operation from
motor relays, protection devices and possible contactor.
6.2.3 Alarms
Low gas-pressure
Auxiliary relay shall by closing contact give alarm at:

• No motor-voltage
• Motor-protection trip
• Heating, base heater and additional heater (dropout)
And:
From motor- spring type mechanism:
• Not fully charged spring
• Alarm after motor protection trip
From compressed air type operating mechanism:

• High pressure
• Not full pressure
• Long operating time for internal compressor
From hydraulic type operation mechanism:
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18(39)
• High pressure
• Not full pressure in high-pressure system
• Long operating time for hydraulic pump
6.2.4 Auxiliary contacts

Auxiliary contacts shall synchronously follow the breaker contact movement
and accurate reflect its open and closed positions. An example of diagram
for contact movement is shown in Appendix 5. A functional diagram for the
auxiliary contacts and the breakers main contacts shall be presented.
Tolerances shall be indicated.
The following number of contacts shall be provided:
For anti pumping relay:

1 - closed contact at closed circuit breaker
For indication of breaker position:

2 - closed contacts at closed circuit breaker
2 - closed contacts at open circuit breaker
For relay protection etc.:

2 - closed contacts at closed circuit breaker
2 - closed contacts at open circuit breaker
If there are any auxiliary contacts for condition control:

1 - closed contact at closed circuit breaker
1 - closed contact at open circuit breaker
Additional contacts needed for control circuits in electric counters and for
the construction shall be provided if necessary.
Data for auxiliary contacts shall be adapted to actual loads, but according
to IEC 60694 the break and close current shall be minimum 2 A at 220 V dc
with a current time-constant of at least 20 ms.
6.2.5 Motor
Motor shall be protected against switching over-voltages caused by the
operating mechanism itself. The amplitude of the voltage must not exceed
50 % of the r.m.s. value of the test voltage.
Motor circuits shall be galvanized separated from the control circuits.
6.2.6 Motor-protective circuit-breaker

For safety at work in the operating mechanism, it shall be
possible to open the motor-circuits. Motor-protective circuit-
breakers shall have two-pole contact function and manual make and
break ought to be possible.
When manual break is not possible, a two-pole switch shall be used.

This shall have necessary making and breaking capacities for a fully
braked motor.
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6.2.7 Fuse
Short-circuit protection in the operating mechanism is not required. Feeders
shall be fused in the switch-board. The manufacturer shall state the
minimum fuse possible to use and the maximum permissible.
6.2.8 Contactor
Contactor shall be chosen with at least operation frequency class 0,3 and
for minimum 1 million operating cycles.
6.2.9 Switch for operating voltage

For safety at work in the operating mechanism, it shall be possible to open
all operating circuits by a switch. The switch shall have the positions TILL
(ON) and FRÅN (OFF) and have contacts for breaking plus and minus.
6.2.10 Operating coils

There shall be 2 coils for closing and 2 coils for opening which are
independent of each other. Exception for breakers with voltage < 82,5 kV
where only 1 coil for closing is necessary. Coil circuits ought to have a
maximum rating of 350 W and at normal operation resist a lasting incoming
operation impulse.
6.2.11 Anti-pumping relay

An anti-pumping relay shall be connected so that unintended closing
operations are prevented in the event of lasting closing impulse after a CO
operating cycle. The anti-pumping function shall be independent of other
protection devices.
6.2.12 Heating
The control unit shall be equipped with continuous basic heating to ensure
ventilation. If additional heating is necessary for reliable operation it shall
be controlled by a thermostat. Low heating power is preferred. This can for
example be achieved by insulation of the enclosure. Power requirement and
set values shall be stated.
Radiators shall be electrically and thermally protected from unintended

contact, and shall be easy to replace.
Heating equipment may not cause icing of the linkage system or heating
points resulting in accelerated ageing of any component.
Basic heating and additional heating shall be supervised by an alarm

device. Not more than 2 radiators must be controlled by each alarm circuit.
If there are more than 2 alarm circuits every circuit shall be locally
indicated and collected alarm shall be given for remote i n d i c a t i o n .
For safety at work in the operating mechanism it shall be possible to open

all phases in the heating-circuits with a safety switch.
6.2.13 Terminal blocks

From outside coming cables shall be connected to one side of the terminal
blocks and internal cables to the other. To each terminal block may
maximum two cables be connected.
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20(39)
The number of terminal blocks is chosen so that each from outside coming
cable can be connected to own terminal block. For test purpose there shall
be at least 5 terminal blocks of which 2 shall be connected and be marked +
respective -. There shall also be 5 extra terminal blocks.
Terminal block shall be visible labeled and be placed for easy access.
Terminal blocks shall be disconnectable only possible by tools.
Disconnection device shall be so designed that unintended opening of
circuits as a result of vibrations etc. shall be prevented. Disconnection shall
be downwards.
Terminal blocks shall be designed for connection of singel-strand

conductors with cross sectional areas of 1 -6 mm 2, and shall have socket
screws for the connection of 4 mm diameter banana plugs.
6.2.14 Counter for operating cycles

The number of operating cycles C - 0 shall be registered with a counter for
at least 9999 operating cycles. It shall not be possible to reset the counter to
zero. Counter function may not be affect by vibrations.
6.3 Specific requirements on motor-operated spring

mechanism
6.3.1 Manual charging of closing spring

A device for manual charging of the closing spring shall be provided.
Possible portable tools shall have a secure and protected place for storing.
At the operation, tools shall automatically be released at motor-start or the
motor-circuits shall be disconnected plus and minus.
6.3.2 Single Pol controlled breaker

Spring charge in single Pol controlled breaker shall be in sequency for the
Poles. Time delay to Pol 2 and 3 is 20 and 40 sek respectively. All Springs
shall be loaded within one minute in accordance with main data.
6.3.3 Indication of spring-charging

Charged or uncharged closing spring shall have correct mechanic
i n d i c a t i o n . With uncharged spring is meant the condition at automatic
start of spring-charging motor.
6.3.4 Block for release of charged closing spring

Mechanical block to release a charged closing spring at closed circuit-
breaker should be arranged.
6.3.5 End limit switches

Beside the for the design necessary switches the following end-limit
switches shall be provided:
4 closed at charged closing-spring, open in intermediate position and in

position uncharged of which 2 are for control of closing coil, 1 for alarm and
1 for line-protection and automatic network reset.
1 closed and 1 open at charged closing-spring as spare.
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The data of end-limit switches shall be chosen so that full opening and
closing capacity is obtained in the circuit they belong to. However the
breaking and making current for auxiliary contacts shall in accordance with
SS-EN 60694 be at least 2 A at 220 V dc with a current-time constant of at
least 20 ms.
The function of the end limit switches compared to the main contact is
shown in Appendix 5.
6.4 Specific requirements on compressed air operated

mechanism
6.4.1 Pneumatic equipment

Components shall be provided with durable markings for identification on
pneumatic diagrams.
Feeding tubes in a system for a single circuit breaker or common for many
breakers into a air pressure vessel shall at the entrance be equipped with a
hand-controlled two-way valve and after that a filter and possibly a reducing
device and a non-return valve.
Pipe joints shall be possible to reassemble.
6.4.2 Equipment for control and supervision

Control and supervisory devices shall be connected to the pressure vessel
via a filter.
There shall be a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure in the pressure
vessel. The pressure gauge shall comply with applicable Swedish Standard,
SMS and be easy to read. The pressure gauge shall be of accuracy class 1,0
and have a centric scale. The measuring range shall be 50-67% of the scale.
The maximum permissible operating-pressure shall be indicated with a red
line on the scale. The pressure gauge shall be fitted with or connected to a
damping device.
For control of the pressure gauge there shall be a flange at the pressure
gauge for connection of a control gauge. The flange shall comply with SMS
1645/75 and 1647/75 respectively. The flange shall be easily accessible
with a free space of at least 200 mm.
There shall, besides for contacts for operational function and alarm
function, be at least the following contacts at pressure supervision devices:
2 closed at pressure < rated pressure, for control of motor and/or magnetic
valve and for a time-delayed alarm.
1 closed at pressure > rated pressure for control of any magnetic valve for
reducing an un-permitted high pressure.
2 closed at a pressure > the lowest pressure that permit the function CO to
be completed with retaining guarantee performance for the breaker.
Designation TL.
Tekniska Riktlinjer
22(39)
24
1 closed at a pressure > the lowest pressure that permit the function 0 to be
completed with retaining guarantee performance for the breaker.
Designation UL.
The contact data shall be chosen that full opening- and closing-ability is
obtained in their own circuit. Data shall be stated. Pressure levels shall be
easy to set and be stable and shall give good margins for function.
Settings and tolerances shall be stated.
Compressor shall be equipped with a running-time counter and a device for

alarm for abnormal long operation time, twice the normal running time.
6.4.3 Pressure evacuation

Discharging of air and possible condensate in pressure vessels is performed
by hand-operated two-way needle valves. If the vessel is accessible during
operation the needle valve shall be mounted on the vessel. The design must
be such as to withstand the effects of freezing of the condensate.
6.4.4 Pressure relief

Pressure vessel and every pressurised part which can be separated shall be
discharged from impermissible high working pressure with a safety valve.
The pressure relief from safety valve shall be limited to a level which ensure
opening of the circuit-breaker. Safety valve for outdoor located circuit-
breaker shall be placed within the enclosure of the operating mechanism
with the exhaust placed on the back-side of the enclosure and directed so
that personal injury caused by pressure relief is prevented.
6.5 Specific requirements on hydrualic operated mechanism
6.5.1 Hydraulic equipment

Permitted limits for the quality and degree of contamination for the
hydraulic oil shall be stated.
Quick fill and draining of oil in the hydraulic system shall be possible by a
hand-operated two-way valve.
For check of the condition there shall be a diagram stating the lowest
pressure at which the operating mechanism can be operated within the
whole range of temperature.
The operating mechanism shall be equipped with a motor-driven pump. The

hydraulic pump shall be equipped with an running-time counter. Abnormal
long operating time for the pump motor shall be alarmed at twice the
operating time after a normal operating cycle and shall automatically be
limited after 5 times normal operating time. Manual pressure increase shall
be possible with a hand driven pump.
In the sucking pipe to the hydraulic pump a filter shall be installed which
shall be easy accessible for internal inspection. At change of filter it shall be
possible to close the pumping-circuit with a hand-driven two-way valve.
Directly after the pump a non return-valve is placed. A non return-valve

may not be placed between accumulator and safety valve.
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Gas accumulator shall be filled up with nitrogen or another suitable dry gas
and be equipped with a valve for gas control, fill and discharge.
An un-permitted high pressure is reduced with a safety valve placed in a

connection to the accumulator, not possible to block. The pressure relief of
the safety valve shall be limited to a level ensuring opening of the breaker.
Pipe joints shall be possible to reassemble.
6.5.2 Equipment for control and supervision

Contacts controlled by pressure-switches shall be provided with the same
adjustable functions and in the same number as prescribed above for the
compressed air operated mechanism. Moreover there shall be contacts for
supervision of minimum and maximum operating pressure in the low-
pressure system.
Each pressure system shall be provided with a pressure gauge. For

inspection of the pressure gauge there shall be possibility for connection of
a test gauge. The same requirements for design as for the compressed air
system shall be adapted.
7. LABELS
7.1 Indication
Indication in accordance with clause 5.2 shall be:
On-position -I- black letter on yellow background.

Off-position -0- white letter on green background.
7.2 Switch for operating circuit

Switch for operating voltage in accordance with clause 6.2.9 shall have the
symbols O and I and a label with text: MANÖVERSPÄNNING
7.3 Motor-protective circuit-breaker

Motor-protective circuit-breaker in accordance with clause 6.2.6 shall have
the symbols O and I and a label with text: MOTOR
7.4 Switch for heating circuit

Switch for heating voltage in accordance with clause 6.2.12 shall have the
symbols O and I and a label with text: VÄRME
7.5 Locking of disconnecting circuit-breaker

The position of locking at the disconnecting circuit-breaker in accordance
with clause 5.11 shall be labeled LÅSLÄGE FRÅN
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8. PRESSURE AIR VESSEL REQUIREMENTS

Rules stated below are applicable for the pressurized parts,which are
excluded from Arbetarskyddsstyrelsens tryckkärlsförordning — National
Board of Occupational Safety and Health Ordinance. For conventional
pressure vessels AFS 2005:2 is applicable. Swedish Amendment A.2:1993
to EN 50052 shall be noted.
8.1 Quality system

Manufacturer designing and producing pressurized parts in electrical
equipment, shall have adopted a quality system corresponding to SS-ISO
9001
Sub-contractors who are only manufacturers shall have adopted a quality

system corresponding to SS-ISO 9002 or SS-ISO 9003, depending on the
extent and complexity of manufacturing.
8.2 Type-acceptance
Before start of manufacturing the design drawings and control plans,
showing the material- and manufacturing control intended to be carried
out, shall be accepted.
8.3 Pressure vessel documentation

Design drawings and control plans shall be submitted to the customer in
three copies after acceptance.
Control certificates shall be at hand at the acceptance test and be submitted

to the Purchaser at the delivery.
The certificate shall indicate:
The Purchasers order number and position in the order.

• Type identification, drawing number with current alteration note,
serial number and identity code of included parts.
• That accepted control according to the control-program is carried out
.
9. DOCUMENTATION
9.1 General
Instructions, dimension drawings and diagrams, handed over at delivery of
the circuit-breaker, shall be in Swedish.
9.2 Tender documentation

With the tender the following documents shall be provided:
• List of data, dimension drawings, electrical circuit and schematic
diagrams, instructions for erection, operation and maintenance, type test
certificates and also other documents needed for the technical
evaluation.
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• Bases for evaluation of the need and costs for maintenance, such as:
o The interval for condition control and other measures of
maintenance and the time necessary for these works.
o Necessary spares, special tools and accessories and the costs for
these.
• Environmental information as below (see also TR 13-01):
o The interval for condition control and other measures of
maintenance and the time necessary for these works.
o Information about the main content of the equipment (type of
material in percentage of weight) Information about the content of
dangerous substances (for example heavy metals, carcinogenic
compounds and compounds hard to biodegrade, xenobiotic
substances)
o Handling and treating of the equipment when it has served its
time.
9.3 Documentation together with apparatus delivery

In connection with the apparatus delivery the following documents shall be
delivered electronically and in one paper copy, if not others have been
agreed:
A list (circuit-breaker chart) including:

• Purchasing and order number
• Manufacturer
• Type
• Serial number
• Rated data
● Pressure-vessel classification
● Inspection documents
• Type test certificates
Verification (title and number) of the following documents which shall be

delivered together with the delivery:
• Assembly drawings and drawing lists
• Instructions for transport, storing, erection, service, testing, condition
control and adjustment
• Lubrication chart
• List of lubrication and contact grease
• List of other chemical products including gas
• List of products and protective information for all listed chemical products
• List of special tools and accessories for erection and maintenance
• List of equipment for testing and condition control
• List of spares
• List of material for repair
• 9 copies of final dimension drawings
• Final electrical circuit and schematic, pneumatic, hydraulic diagrams
• Routine test certificates
• Filled in Component data list (appendix 7)
To the actual delivery exactly defined bases for the purchaser's maintenance
work shall be delivered. The technical documentation shall make it possible
Tekniska Riktlinjer
26(39)
to organize own spare and service organisation. The documentation shall

also be possible to use for education of organizers and workmen in store
and for maintenance. The documents shall include instructions for
condition control and evaluation, preparing and realizing of necessary
maintenance work, taking into account the purchaser's own aim and judge
of risk. In the list (circuit-breaker chart) assembly drawings or bases valid
for actual circuit-breaker shall be specified. Details and valid bases for a
specified circuit-breaker or series of circuit-breakers of the same type shall
be possible to identify through the list (circuit-breaker chart). This means
that the valid edition of documents shall be clearly marked in the list.
It shall be possible to identify standard mechanical elements for purchase in
Swedish commercial outlets. See also SS-EN 60694.
At the first delivery all documents specified in the list (circuit-breaker chart)
and possible to copy, shall be delivered put together in one file as base for
the purchaser's maintenance handbook. For succeeding deliveries changed
drawings and instructions possible to copy shall be delivered.
9.4 Documentation and spares after delivery

The manufacturer shall at request provide the purchaser with necessary
service bulletins and during at least ten years after delivery with for the
maintenance necessary spares. Improvements in design, or instructions
which can be applied to the equipment as supplied, shall be notified after
delivery, preferably in the form of service bulletins. See also SS-EN 60694.
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27(39)
10 Appendix
10.1 Appendix 1 Terminal Plate och Bolt, dimensions.
Bolt Length 125 mm : Diameter : 30, 40, 60 mm
Plate Figur Measure (mm) : a b c d e

2 - 75 1 2-hål 75 17,5 40 14 10
4 - 75 2 4-hål 75 17,5 40 14 15
9 - 125 3 9-hål 125 22,5 40 14 35
12 - 165 4 12-hål 125 22,5 40 14 35
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10.2 Appendix 2 Padlock
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29(39)
10.3 Appendix 3 Basic and guarantee data
Conditions for operation:
- Application: Indoor/Outdoor
- Earthing: Solidly/Resonant network
- Lowest ambient temperature: -5° C or -25° C or -40° C or -50° C
- Air pollution: clean or salt or industry
- Washable or not washable
- Corrosion protection: normal or increased
- Creapage distance, insulators: normal or increased
- Protection class: IP 51 or IP 54 or IP 55
Operating cycle: O – 0,3 – CO – 1min – CO or O – 1min – CO – 1min – CO
Mechanical performance: Class M1 or M2
Insulator: Composite or ceramic
Rated voltage: 12, 24, 36, 52, 82.5, 145, 170, 245, 420 kV
Rated current: 630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150, 4000A
Rated breaking current symmetrical: 12.5, 16, 20, 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 63, 80,
100 kA
Synchronizing equipment: For closing: Yes or No, For open: Yes or No
Closing resistor: Yes or No
Breaking of line at no load : A
Breaking of cable at no load: A
Capacitive breaking capacity: Class C1 or C2
Electric endurence: Class E1 or E2
For Capacitor Breaker:

Capacitive breaking capacity: A
For Reactor Breaker:

Reactive breaking capacity: A
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10.4 Appendix 4 Additional requirements

for circuit-breakers equipped with synchronizing equipment
for closing and/or opening operation
Synchronizing of breaker-poles can be a way to reduce the stress on
networks around apparatuses and breakers at closing or opening. The
applications of interest are:
• Reduction of inrush currents and over currents at connection of

reactors, transformers and capacitors.
• Elimination of re-striking of arcs at breaking of reactor currents.
Synchronizing make heavy demands upon the precision of the breaker

regarding ratings for closing and opening not stated in IEC 62271-100.
It is necessary to show that the accuracy is sufficient over the whole

operation range for the breaker (temperature, time, operating cycles).
Dimensioning accuracy is:

±1 msec for contact closing at closing
±2 msec for contact separation at reactor breaking
This gives rise to particular requirements for type testing and acceptance
test of the breaker.
Type-tests
These tests can be performed during, or in certain cases be placed together
from the record from regular type test program for Mechanical endurance
test and high- and low-temperature test.
1. Definitions
Measured data:
For reactor breaking:
Opening time: Time from impulse to opening coil to the moment
when contact separation is performed. (topen)
For connection:
Closing time: Time from impulse to closing coil to the moment
when first contact between main contacts is performed. (tclose)
2. Accuracy test
Goal: To show the repetition possibility in breaking times.
Test:
At least 10 successive opening operations shall be recorded, where opening
time (topen), respective closing operation time (tclose) are registered
Requirement:
For breaking:
All registered data (topen) shall be within TOpen = ± 2 msec. TOpen is the average
of all recorded opening times (topen)
For connection:
All registered data (tclose) shall be within TClose = ± 1 msec. TClose is the average
of all recorded closing times (tclose).
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3. Temperature dependence
Goal: To show the breakers capacity in the breakers whole temperature
range.
Test:
At the breakers lowest temperature and at temperatures with about 10°K
intervals up to the highest temperature topen respective tclose shall be
recorded.
Requirement:
For breakers where operation at lowest temperature is considered to be less
probable or less critical:
For reactor breaker:
topen = TOpen = ± 3 msec. for lowest temperature
topen = TOpen = ± 2 msec. for other temperatures
For connection:
tclose = TClose = ± 2 msec. for lowest temperature
tclose = TClose = ± 1 msec. for other temperatures
4. Timing after period of rest:

Goal:
The accuracy of time after a period of rest must be recorded in order to give
an idea if the apparatus has a tendency to bind or similar.
Performance:
First operation after a period of rest shall be opening when topen is recorded.
For connection:
First operation after a period of rest shall be closing when tclose is recorded.
Requirement:
Period of rest shall be at least 48 hours.
topen = TOpen ± 2 msec.
For closing:
tclose = TClose ± 1 msec.
5. Long-duration stability
Shall be stated by the manufacturer.
6. Arcing times and pre-arcing times

Syncronous coupling shall give restrike free opening.
For closing:
In order to give sufficient accuracy at closing it is necessary that the
duration of the pre-arc is limited. That makes great demands on the contact
rapidity at closing.
Requirement:
The contact rapidity at closing must be high enough to guarantee a
maximum duration of the pre-arc less than 3 msec.
7. Routine test
The test shall consist of at least ten closings where topen respective tciose is
recorded.
Requirement:
All times topen shall be within ±2 msec.
For connection:
All times tciose shall be within ±1 msec.
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10.5 Appendix 5 Main Contacts movements
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10.6 Appendix 6 The dry salt layer (Dsl) pollution test

method
Scope
This test method is applicable for the determination of the power frequency
withstand characteristics of line and station class insulators (ceramic, glass,
polymeric) to be used outdoors and exposed to polluted environments close
to the sea coast on A.C. and D.C. systems with the highest voltage of the
system ranging from 72 kV to 800 kV.
Definitions
Test voltage: The r.m.s. voltage with which the test object is continuously
energized throughout the test.
Highest voltage of a system: Highest value of operating r.m.s. voltage (Um)
which occurs under normal operating conditions.
Maximum operating voltage across the insulation: Um/√3.
Specific creepage distance: The minimum nominal creepage distance divided
by the highest r.m.s. voltage for equipment, Um.
Salt Deposit Density (SDD): The amount of salt (NaCl) in the deposit on a
given surface of the insulator divided by the area of this surface, expressed
in mg/cm2
Equivalent Salt Deposit Density (ESDD): The amount of salt (NaCl) that,
when dissolved, gives the same conductance as that of the natural deposit
removed from a given surface of the insulator divided by the area of this
surface, expressed in mg/cm2.
Test severity: The time of exposure to the wind-born salt particles in the
DSL test.
General description of the DSL test method

The DSL test method determines the ability of an insulator to withstand a
specific environmental severity at the operating voltage level of the insulator.
The DSL test comprises of two parts or phases, the deposit phase and a
wetting or withstand phase separated by a period in which the insulator is
allowed to dry.
During the deposit phase fine humid salt particles from a salt injection
system are blown towards the test object using high-speed fans. The test
object is exposed to the wind-blown salt for a pre-determined time to give
the required pollution level. The duration of the deposit phase can vary
between 20 to 60 minutes and the insulator is energised during this time.
During the wetting phase the energised test object is exposed to steam fog
that is gently blown towards the test object. The duration of the wetting
phase is fixed to 100 minutes.
The energization of the test object is selected as close as possible to the
expected service stress.
The DSL method is usually run in the form of a withstand test. This means
that if no flashover occurs during three consecutive tests, the test object has
passed the test. If only one flashover occurs a fourth test shall be performed
and the insulator passes the test if no flashover occurs during the last test.
The test set-up is illustrated in Figure 1
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Figure 1 Test set-up of DSL in a climate hall
Both A.C. and D.C. tests are possible. The method is equally suitable for
composite as well as for ceramic insulators. It is suitable for line insulators
and apparatus insulators. Several investigations show that the repeatability
of the DSL method is below 6 % which is generally accepted in laboratory
pollution tests .
Deposit phase
During the deposit phase an air-flow, created by a blower array, is used to
deposit the pollutants in the form of humid salt particles to the test object.
The blower array comprises a series of electrical fans, installed in a cabinet
to improve the directionality of the air-flow. The salt spray is, however, not
directed towards the test object as its purpose is to suspend salt particles in
the airflow established in the laboratory (see Figure 1)
Measurement of the salt-in-air density at a coastal insulator testing station
has indicated that a realistic wind speed during the deposit phase is in the
order of 5 m/s. It was found that at this speed there is a remarkable
increase in the salt-in-air density because the wind is then strong enough to
break up the waves to the so called “white caps” which produce the humid
salt particles in the air.
Pollution measurements at coastal sites normally show a variation in the
pollution deposit, with a higher deposit on the side facing the sea. This
“directionality” of the coastal pollution is imitated by blowing salt particles
towards one side of the test object during the test.
In the laboratory, the humid salt particles are generated by a salt injection
system. This system is built up with standard IEC 60507 nozzles with a
reduced salt-water flow rate. The salt spray is, however, not directed toward
the test objects as in the salt-fog test. Its purpose is rather to suspend
humid salt particles in the airflow generated by the blower array. The
relative humidity in the test chamber during the deposit phase is
Tekniska Riktlinjer
35(39)
maintained at 80±2 % to establish optimal conditions for the attachment of

the pollution particles to the insulator. An additional nozzle ramp producing
a clean water fog is used to control the relative humidity in the test hall to
the value 80±2 %.
The test severity of the DSL is quantified by the time of exposure to the
wind-born salt particles. Salt Deposit Density (SDD) measurements on
reference string or IEEE type porcelain cap and pin insulators according to
IEC, or any other type specified by the user are used to calibrate the
exposure time to the pollution severity specified.
The test object is energized to its intended service voltage during the whole
deposition phase to mimic the service conditions of the insulation during
salt storms as closely as possible. After the deposit phase the voltage is
switched off and the insulator is allowed to dry.
Wetting phase
The DSL uses a wetting method that gives optimal wetting of composite
insulators. Wetting by droplets colliding with the insulator surface is more
effective than wetting through condensation. This is because the polymeric
material of composite insulators tends to adjust quickly to the ambient
temperature. This leads to a smaller temperature difference between the
ambient and the composite insulator than for a porcelain insulator. The
smaller temperature difference inhibits condensation. A fog with small
droplet size e.g. steam, is more effective in wetting polymer insulators
completely than one with larger drop size e.g. cold fog. The wetting phase
lasts for 100 minutes and the acceptance criterion is the same as for the
Salt Fog test as described in IEC 60507.
Normative references:
The following normative documents contain provisions that, through
references in the text, constitute provisions of this specification.
IEC 60507: 1991 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators
to be used ac systems.
IEC 60815-1: 2002 Guide for the selection of insulators under polluted
conditions.
Cigré TF C4.13.01:2004 Polluted insulators: Guidelines for selection and
dimensioning. Part 1: General principles and the ac
case.
Test specimen:
One circuit breaker assembled on the production line shall be tested.
Reference tests:
A reference IEEE cap and pin insulator of approximately the same arcing
length as the test object is used for the calibration of the pollution severity.
The reference insulator is set up for the salt deposition with the same test
parameter settings as for the test object. The salt deposition time is set to
get the target SDD of 0.15 g/cm2.
Test procedure
Deposit phase
Determination of duration of deposit time
Tekniska Riktlinjer
36(39)
The reference insulator is set up according to Figure 1 and the values

according to
Table 0-1. The test voltage is set to Um/√3. The duration of the deposit time
of the pollution is determined for the target SDD 0.15 mg/cm2 on the
reference insulator. The SDD is taken as the mean value from three
insulator discs, at the top, middle and bottom positions of the insulator
chain and on the upper and bottom side of the disc and on the wind side
and lee side as well.
Pollution deposit on test object

The test object is set up according to Figure 1 and the values according to
Table 0-1. The test voltage is set to Um/√3. The time determined in section 0
is taken as the deposit time.
Wetting phase
The test set up is rearranged for the wetting phase according to Figure 2.
Figure 2 Setup of test equipment and the test object

during the wetting period of the DSL test.
During the wetting phase, steam-fog is gently blown – at a speed of 0.1-0.5

m/s- towards the test object. The test parameters are set according to Table
0-2. The test object is energized with the test voltage Um/√3 during the
whole wetting phase. The duration of the wetting phase is 100 minutes.
The voltage is shut off and the test objects is rinsed free from pollution with
fresh water with a conductivity less than 100 µS/cm and let dry. Then two
consecutive DSL tests are run starting with salt deposit according to section
0.
Test Conditions
Table 0-1 Test parameters at the deposit phase
Parameter Test condition

Ambient Relative humidity 80±2 %
conditions Temperature 20± ºC
Air pressure To be noted
Wind speed at test object 5.5±1.5 m/s
Distance of test objects to the fans 4m
Test voltage Um/√3
Tekniska Riktlinjer
37(39)
Duration of pollution deposit phase 20-60 min.

Salt injection Water salinity 50 g/l
Flow rate 8 nozzles, each at 2.5 l/h
Nozzle type Acc. to IEC 60507 clause 8
Nozzle air pressure 700±50 kPa
Time of deposition 60 min
Water injection Flow rate 10 nozzles at 6 l/h
Nozzle air pressure 700±50 kPa
Target SDD on reference insulator 0.15 mg/cm2
Table 0-2 Test parameters at the wetting phase
Parameter Test condition

Steam Nozzle type Acc. to IEC 60507 clause 8
Number of inlets 4
Steam intensity 0.035-0.045 kg/m3h
Wind speed at test object 0.3±0.2 m/s
Test time 100 min
Acceptance criterion
The test object passes the test if no flashover occurs during a series of three
consecutive tests. If only one flashover occurs, a fourth test shall be
performed and the insulator then passes the test if no flashover occurs
(Acceptance criterion according to IEC 60507).
Tekniska Riktlinjer
38(39)
10.7 Appendix 7 Component Data List
Apparatdatalista för brytare Svenska Kraftnät
Beskrivning Värde Enhet Not
Allmänt
Ifylls av ställverksbyggaren EX
Station * Hagby, CT 65
Ifylls av ställverksbyggaren EX CL6
Objekt id/Littera * S5-S
Beskrivning * Brytare/Frånskiljande brytare
Inköpsnummer *
Leverantörens ordernummer *
Tillverkare *
Typbeteckning *
Levererad * ååmm
Utförandeform *
Märkspänning kV
Märkström A
Märkkorttidsström kA
Kapacitiv brytförmåga kA
Symmetrisk brytförmåga kA
Inkopplingsmotstånd ohm
Brytmotstånd per pol ohm
Isolationsnivå till jord - kort stöt kV
Isolationsnivå till jord - lång stöt kV
Isolationsnivå till jord - 50Hz 1 min kV
Isolationsnivå över pol - kort stöt kV
Isolationsnivå över pol - lång stöt kV
Isolationsnivå över pol - 50Hz 1 min kV
Lägsta omgivningstemp oC Ex -50
Spolbarhet * Ja/Nej/Begränsad
Brytmedium Ex. SF6, SF6/N2, SF6/CF4, Vakuum
Mängd brytarolja/gas kg
Tillslagstid mek ms
Frånslagstid mek ms
Märkmanövercykel O-0,3s-CO-1min-CO
Styrkapacitanser pF
Vikt per trepolig apparat kg
Pris per trepolig apparat SEK
Norm, Riktlinje * TR1-08, utgåva A
Standard * SS-EN 62271-100
Ombyggnadsdatum * ååmm
Senaste drifttagningsdatum * ååmm
Sammanställningsritning *
Måttskiss * nr
Utförandeform * Innomhus/utomhus
Tekniska Riktlinjer
39(39)
Mekanisk Klass * M1/M2

El uthållighetsklass * C2
Montage och skötselanvisning *
Kretsschema *
Poler
Tillverkningsnr pol L1 *
Max tillåten statisk kraft - horisontalt N
Max tillåten statisk kraft - vertikalt N
Storlek uttagsplatta *
Diameter tapp mm
Längd tapp mm 125
Material tapp * Cu/Al
Typ av isolator * porslin/komposit
Krypsträcka isolator mm
Ritningsnr pol *
Ritningsnr isolator *
*
Manöverdon
Typ av manöverdon * Fjäder/hydraul/el
Mängd Hydraulolja (om tillämpligt) kg
Antal manöverdon per trepolig apparat st 1 eller 3
Typbeteckning manöverdon *
Tillverkningsnr don L1 *
Motorspänning V 110/220 V DC
Manöverspänning V 110/220 V DC
Värmespänning V 230 V AC
Motorström, max vid start A
Motorström under manöver A
Total effekt magneter W
Total effekt värmeelement W
Kapslingsklass * IP54/55
Tekniska Riktlinjer

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1(39)

CIRCUIT- BREAKERS 12 - 420 kV

This English text is to be regarded as a translation of the Swedish guidelines

These guidelines are mainly based on Swedish Standard SS-EN 62271-100.

This document replaces TR 008:1, TR 013:1 och TR 014:1.

It has been compiled on order of Svenska Kraftnät (Swedish National Grid)

7.5 Locking of disconnecting circuit-breaker....................................................23

1.1 Applicable standards

Where circuit-breakers offered do not in every way fulfill the stipulated

The guidelines include in appendix 4 main data intended for use at

Applicable standards and guidelines:

SS 401 03 10 Switchgear, controlgear and fuses -

IEC 62271-108 High-voltage alternating current disconnecting

AFS 1999:4 Arbetarskyddsstyrelsens tryckkärlsförordning

For outdoor installation a lowest ambient temperature of -40 °C is stated in

2.2. Ice and Wind

For normal applications the wind pressure 700 Pa against a cylindrical

equipment in exposed locations, e.g. coastal or mountain areas, a higher

Highest voltage of equipment

4.1.1 Conventional circuit-breakers

Rated lightning impulse Rated 1 min power frequency

170 650 750 275 315

Rated Rated lightning Rated switching Rated 1 min

4.1.2 Circuit-breaker in gasinsulated switchgear

Rated lightning impulse Rated 1 min power frequency

Rated Rated lightning Rated switching

phase across open across the phase to across

4.2 Rated frequency.

4.3 Rated current

The rated current shall be chosen among the following values:

4.4 Rated duration of short-circuit

4.5 Rated short-circuit breaking current

4.5.1 DC component of the rated short-circuit breaking current

4.5.2 Transient recovery voltage

4.6 Rated operating cycle

For other circuit-breakers:

For some circuit-breakers, for instance by-pass breakers for series-

operating device driven by compressed air or hydraulic the recovery time

4.7 Capacitive current switching

4.7.1 Rated breaking current, line at no load

If the length of line is more than:

The following values shall be used for the currents

4.7.2 Rated breaking current, cable at no load

4.7.3 Switching of capacitors

4.8 Inductive current switching

synchronizing devices. Devices should be installed for all reaktors ≥

Alternatively closing resistors can be used, if asked for. For transformers

4.9 Interrupting time

4.10 Mechanical capability

4.11 Electrical capability

As position-indication the breakers end positions shall be indicated. For

5.3 Gas and Gas-control

5.5 Protection against corrosion

Inside parts are considered satisfactory protected if they are painted or

When the circuit-breaker shall be installed in corrosive atmosphere

5.6.1 Composite insulators

Composite insulators shall be designed and tested in accordance with

The outer insulation material of composite insulators shall be of silicon

Interrupter chamber of composite material shall be designed so that

In normal atmosphere (class I in accordance with IEC 60815) the insulator

In polluted atmosphere the creepage distance is not the most relevant

1. A modified solid layer method according to IEC 60507