John Wick

Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative

EDUC 746
LAB C1 - MANCOVA

The purpose of this study was to determine if the treatment administered affects

the scores on the WRAT-R and WRAT-A assessments for children with disabilities after

adjusting for the children’s IQs. There are four research questions that are being

examined through analysis of the data collected:

• Does the treatment have a main effect on the WRAT-R and WRAT-A
scores for learning disabled children after adjusting for children’s IQs?

• Does the level of disability have a main effect upon the WRAT-R and
WRAT-A for learning disabled children after adjusting for children’s IQs?

• Does the treatment effect depend upon the level of disability (Is there an
interaction) after adjusting for children’s IQs?

• Is IQ a significant Covariate of the WRAT-R and WRAT-A scores?

There are five variables being examined in this study: two independent variables

[IV], two dependent variables [DV], and one Covariate [CV]. The first IV is Group. This

is a categorical variable, which has been dummy coded as 1=treatment received, 2=no

treatment received. The next IV is also categorical; it is Degree of Disability and has been

dummy coded as 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe. The DVs are the student score on the

WRAT-R and the WRAT-A; these variables are continuous. The CV for this study is the

students’ IQ scores.

The participants for this study were learning disabled children with a sample size

of n=18.

Multivariate Analysis of Co-Variance [MANCOVA] was performed to analyze

the data collected. Results of the MANCOVA revealed that the treatment does have a
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746
significant main effect upon the WRAT-R and WRAT-A assessments after adjusting for

students’ IQs, Wilks’ Λ = .102, F (2,10) = 34.436, p < .05, η2p = .898. Furthermore, the

treatment effect is significant on the WRAT-R, F (1,11) = 42.865, p < .05, η2p = .796. The

treatment effect is also significant for the WRAT-A, F (1,11) = 47.963, p <.05, η2p = .813.

On the WRAT-R, the treatment demonstrated the greatest increase for the mild

degree of disability (M=106.6667, SD=8.50490), followed by the moderate degree of

disability (M=100.00, SD=5.00), and then severe disability level (M=93.00,

SD=6.08276).

On the WRAT-A, the treatment demonstrated the greatest increase for the mild

degree of disability (M=103.6667, SD=5.13160), followed by the moderate degree of

disability (M=99.3333, SD=5.13160), and then the sever disability (M=86.00,

SD=8.54400).

Results from the MANCOVA analysis also indicates that the level of disability

does have a main effect upon the WRAT-R and WRAT-A for learning disabled children,

after adjusting for the students’ IQs, Wilks’ Λ = .254, F (4,20) = 4.921, p < .05, η2p = .496.

The main effect of the level of disability upon the WRAT-R, after adjusting for students’

IQs, was shown to be significant, F (2,11) = 4.040, p < .05, η2p = .423. The level of

difficulty effect was also found to be significant for the WRAT-A, after adjusting for

students’ IQs, F (2,11) = 11.079, p < .05, η2p = .668.

After adjusting for students’ IQs on the WRAT-R, the level of learning disability

that demonstrated the greatest increase within the treatment group was the mild degree of

disability (M=106.6667, SD=8.50490), followed by the moderate degree of disability

(M=100.00, SD=5.00), and then severe disability level (M=93.00, SD=6.08276).

 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746
After adjusting for students’ IQs on the WRAT-A, the level of learning disability

that demonstrated the greatest increase within the treatment group was the mild degree of

disability (M=103.6667, SD=5.13160), followed by the moderate degree of disability

(M=99.3333, SD=5.13160), and then the sever disability (M=86.00, SD=8.54400).

Results from the MANCOVA analysis also indicated that, after adjusting for

students’ IQs, the treatment effect does not depend upon the level of disability (there is

no interaction), Wilks’ Λ = .939, F (4,20) = .160, p > .05, η2p = .031.

The MANCOVA results also indicated that IQ is not a significant Covariate of the

WRAT-R and WRAT-A scores, Wilks’ Λ = .585, F (2,10) = 3.549, p > .05, η2p = .415.

However, IQ was found to be significant when applied only to the WRAT-A, F (1,11) =

7.257, p < .05, η2p = .397.

 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746

GLM WratR WratA BY Groups Degree WITH IQ

/METHOD=SSTYPE(3)
/INTERCEPT=INCLUDE
/PRINT=DESCRIPTIVE ETASQ TEST(SSCP) RSSCP
/CRITERIA=ALPHA(.05)
/DESIGN=IQ Groups Degree Groups*Degree.

General Linear Model

[DataSet1] /Users/John/Documents/APU/EdD/ADV SATS/LAB C/LABC1
Wick DATA.sav

Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
Groups 1.00 Treatment 9
2.00 Control 9
Degree 1.00 Mild 6
2.00 Moderate 6
3.00 Severe 6
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746

Descriptive Statistics
Groups Degree Mean Std. Deviation N
WratR Treatment Mild 106.6667 8.50490 3
Moderate 100.0000 5.00000 3
Severe 93.0000 6.08276 3
Total 99.8889 8.28318 9
Control Mild 85.0000 5.00000 3
Moderate 77.6667 7.50555 3
Severe 72.3333 7.50555 3
Total 78.3333 8.04674 9
Total Mild 95.8333 13.40771 6
Moderate 88.8333 13.49691 6
Severe 82.6667 12.86338 6
Total 89.1111 13.62907 18
WratA Treatment Mild 103.6667 5.13160 3
Moderate 99.3333 5.13160 3
Severe 86.0000 8.54400 3
Total 96.3333 9.74679 9
Control Mild 89.3333 7.37111 3
Moderate 76.6667 7.57188 3
Severe 68.3333 5.68624 3
Total 78.1111 10.94811 9
Total Mild 96.5000 9.69020 6
Moderate 88.0000 13.69671 6
Severe 77.1667 11.65190 6
Total 87.2222 13.74796 18
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746

Bartlett's Test of Sphericitya

Likelihood Ratio .569
Approx. Chi-Square .627
df 2
Sig. .731
Tests the null hypothesis that the
residual covariance matrix is
proportional to an identity matrix.
a. Design: Intercept + IQ +
Groups + Degree + Groups *
Degree

c
Multivariate Tests
Partial Eta
Effect Value F Hypothesis df Error df Sig. Squared
a
Intercept Pillai's Trace .340 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Wilks' Lambda .660 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Hotelling's Trace .515 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Roy's Largest Root .515 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
IQ Pillai's Trace .415 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Wilks' Lambda .585 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Hotelling's Trace .710 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Roy's Largest Root .710 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Groups Pillai's Trace .898 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Wilks' Lambda .102 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Hotelling's Trace 8.823 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Roy's Largest Root 8.823 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
Degree Pillai's Trace .751 3.310 4.000 22.000 .029 .376
a
Wilks' Lambda .254 4.921 4.000 20.000 .006 .496
Hotelling's Trace 2.916 6.561 4.000 18.000 .002 .593
b
Roy's Largest Root 2.909 15.998 2.000 11.000 .001 .744
Groups * Degree Pillai's Trace .061 .174 4.000 22.000 .949 .031
a
Wilks' Lambda .939 .160 4.000 20.000 .956 .031
Hotelling's Trace .065 .146 4.000 18.000 .963 .031
b
Roy's Largest Root .061 .335 2.000 11.000 .722 .057
a. Exact statistic
b. The statistic is an upper bound on F that yields a lower bound on the significance level.
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746
c
Multivariate Tests
Partial Eta
Effect Value F Hypothesis df Error df Sig. Squared
a
Intercept Pillai's Trace .340 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Wilks' Lambda .660 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Hotelling's Trace .515 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
Roy's Largest Root .515 2.575 2.000 10.000 .125 .340
a
IQ Pillai's Trace .415 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Wilks' Lambda .585 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Hotelling's Trace .710 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Roy's Largest Root .710 3.549 2.000 10.000 .068 .415
a
Groups Pillai's Trace .898 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Wilks' Lambda .102 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Hotelling's Trace 8.823 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
a
Roy's Largest Root 8.823 44.116 2.000 10.000 .000 .898
Degree Pillai's Trace .751 3.310 4.000 22.000 .029 .376
a
Wilks' Lambda .254 4.921 4.000 20.000 .006 .496
Hotelling's Trace 2.916 6.561 4.000 18.000 .002 .593
b
Roy's Largest Root 2.909 15.998 2.000 11.000 .001 .744
Groups * Degree Pillai's Trace .061 .174 4.000 22.000 .949 .031
a
Wilks' Lambda .939 .160 4.000 20.000 .956 .031
Hotelling's Trace .065 .146 4.000 18.000 .963 .031
b
Roy's Largest Root .061 .335 2.000 11.000 .722 .057
a. Exact statistic
b. The statistic is an upper bound on F that yields a lower bound on the significance level.
c. Design: Intercept + IQ + Groups + Degree + Groups * Degree
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Type III Sum of Partial Eta

Source Dependent Variable Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
a
Corrected Model WratR 2629.267 6 438.211 9.121 .001 .833
b
WratA 2888.157 6 481.360 16.294 .000 .899
Intercept WratR 232.641 1 232.641 4.842 .050 .306
WratA 17.253 1 17.253 .584 .461 .050
IQ WratR 15.489 1 15.489 .322 .582 .028
WratA 214.379 1 214.379 7.257 .021 .397
Groups WratR 2059.497 1 2059.497 42.865 .000 .796
WratA 1416.884 1 1416.884 47.963 .000 .813
Degree WratR 388.183 2 194.091 4.040 .048 .423
WratA 654.572 2 327.286 11.079 .002 .668
Groups * Degree WratR 2.056 2 1.028 .021 .979 .004
WratA 19.612 2 9.806 .332 .724 .057
Error WratR 528.511 11 48.046
WratA 324.954 11 29.541
Total WratR 146092.000 18
WratA 140152.000 18
Corrected Total WratR 3157.778 17

WratA 3213.111 17

a. R Squared = .833 (Adjusted R Squared = .741)

b. R Squared = .899 (Adjusted R Squared = .844)
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746

Between-Subjects SSCP Matrix

WratR WratA
Hypothesis Intercept WratR 232.641 63.354
WratA 63.354 17.253
IQ WratR 15.489 57.624
WratA 57.624 214.379
Groups WratR 2059.497 1708.236
WratA 1708.236 1416.884
Degree WratR 388.183 500.485
WratA 500.485 654.572
Groups * Degree WratR 2.056 .870
WratA .870 19.612
Error WratR 528.511 -26.624
WratA -26.624 324.954
Based on Type III Sum of Squares

Residual SSCP Matrix

WratR WratA
Sum-of-Squares and WratR 528.511 -26.624
Cross-Products WratA -26.624 324.954
Covariance WratR 48.046 -2.420
WratA -2.420 29.541
Correlation WratR 1.000 -.064
WratA -.064 1.000
Based on Type III Sum of Squares
 John Wick
Lab C1 MANCOVA Narrative
EDUC 746