9-AEP Smart Grid Project Overview - Tom Walker

AEP/EPRI Smart Grid Demo
Virtual Power Plant Simulation

Project Overview
Smart Grid Advisory Meeting

June 23, 2009
Tom Jones / Tom Walker
AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator
Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project

•Virtual Power Plant (VPP)
•VPP Simulation (VPPS)
•Real world components
•Practical application of VPPS
•Conclusion
Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 22

Our Operational Mission
Our Operational Mission
Sustaining the Balance of

Energy Supply and Demand
in “Real Time”
Before Smart Grid:

One-way power flow, simple interactions

Growing complexity = challenge and opportunity
Central Generating Step-Up

Station Transformer
Transmission Transmission
Substation Substation Cogeneration
Gas Turbine
Turbine
Micro- Distribution
turbine Substation
Photovoltaic systems Commercial

Diesel Fuel
Engine cell
Industrial
Cogeneration Commercial
Residential
Wind Power
Enter The Smart Grid

Two-way communication network
Smart meters at customer locations
Remote control of end-use devices
Information exchange between customers and utility
Remote monitoring and control of distribution line devices
Integration and control of distributed energy resources

1.Power System Infrastructure

Next Generation of Operators,
Planners, and Engineers
Central Generating Step-Up

Station Transformer
2. Communications and Information Infrastructure
Transmission Transmission
Substation Substation Cogeneration
Gas Turbine
Turbine
Micro- Distribution
turbine Substation
Photovoltaic systems Commercial

Diesel Fuel
Engine cell
Industrial
Cogeneration Commercial
Residential
Wind Power
After Smart Grid:

Two-way power flow, multi-stakeholder interactions

Putting It All Together:

The Virtual Power Plant
Storage
Residential
Industrial
Commercial
Putting It All Together:

The Virtual Power Plant Simulator
Storage
Residential
Industrial
Commercial
Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 10 10

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project Objective
Assess the functionality, performance and benefits of

a fully integrated and robust smart grid as a Virtual
Power Plant, from end-use to RTO, by leveraging
Real system and device information and data
with a comprehensive modeling and Simulation tool
Tariff Flat Rate Real Time Pricing

Demand No Control Critical Load Only
Storage Daily Cycle Instant Response
PHEV On-Peak Charge On-Peak Discharge
Fossil DG Backup Only On-Peak Supply

Solar Cloudy Sunny
Wind Calm Windy
Fuel Cell Min Base Supply Max Base Supply
External Backup Only Full Demand Supply
Output Month Year

$ 24.57
(e.g. Cost)
Energy
Internal Power
Supply
Deficiency
Demand
Surplus Energy
Optimize for Cost
Optimize for Efficiency
Daily Time Cycle


Resource Types for Integration

Distributed energy resources that are in operation or under test across
AEP will be assessed on location and will be virtually installed on the
South Bend VPPS foundational system, including:
MW-scale battery installations (e.g. sodium sulfur or NaS),
kW-scale flat panel photovoltaic systems (e.g. roof-top),
kW-scale concentrating solar systems (electrical and thermal),
kW-scale natural gas fired reciprocating engines (with CHP)
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles,
Ice Bear air conditioning system,
kW-scale wind turbines,
kW-scale community energy storage systems,
and others.

Regional Market Structure

Wholesale
PJM “Time-Stamped” Pricing
Aggregated “Time-Stamped” VPP Resources
Calculate Wholesale Market Value of VPP
Retail (South Bend Pilot)
Summer on-peak period during the weekday for the months of May
through September with an associated off-peak rate during the
remaining hours
Incentive for participation in thermostat control program

Real Time Wholesale Price From RTO


a fully integrated and robust smart grid as a virtual
power plant, from end-use to RTO, by leveraging
with a comprehensive modeling and simulation tool

Communication & Control Infrastructure

Assess impacts and
performance of protocols
≈
and standards ~ ~
≈
Control
Point
Determine requirements Storage Residential
≈
for hierarchical control
≈
≈
system (communication
within and across Monitoring &
Optimization
≈
“zones”) Center
≈
NO/NC Industrial
Evaluate requirements ≈ ≈ ≈
for and impacts of Win Sol
control prioritization d ar
Regional
Aggregation/ Commercial
≈
Fuel Cell
(e.g. transmission Control
constraint within
regional system vs. ≈
energy efficiency
~
targets)


Zone 1
Customer
Premise
Customer
Portal or Meter
LG Electronics
Zone 2 PHEV
Utility
Secondary
Station Zone 4
Distribuition
Circuit
Line
Breaker
Recloser
Zone 3
Distribution
Line
Devices

Zone 6
Regional
Power
System
Zone 5
Distribuition
Station
Transformer


VPPS Foundational System

South Bend, Indiana
AMI / AMR
10,000 Smart Meters

Mesh Network
Communications
End-use Tariffs
End-use Controls
(Thermostat)
South Bend Distribution Automation

Dynamic circuit reconfiguration
8 Circuits
18 Reclosers
VAR Automation
24 Capacitor Banks

Columbus, Ohio
Integrated Volt VAR Control
6 Stations
17 Circuits
Two control schemes
Integrated Volt VAR Control Concept:
1. Utilize communications and computerized intelligence to control voltage

regulators and capacitors on the distribution system, resulting in lower
demand and increased energy efficiency
2. Optimize power factor and voltage levels based on selectable parameters
3. Finer control of voltage levels can Studies indicate a 1% voltage

reduction is likely to cause a 0.7% reduction in KW demand and a
similar or better reduction kVAR demand
4. Benefits are highly predictable because customer consumption is reduced

with no action required on their part

St Joseph, Michigan
Community Energy Storage
1 MW, 40 – 25 kW units
CES is a distributed fleet of small energy storage units connected to the

secondary of transformers serving a few houses or small commercial loads.
STATION

Community Energy Storage Unit Specifications

Key Parameters Value
Power 25 kW
Energy 50 kWh
Voltage 240 / 120V
Round Trip AC > 85%
Efficiency
Life > 3000 cycles, 15 years
Audible Noise < 48dBA (no fans or filters)
Size Comparable to a
Pad-mount transformer
www.aeptechcenter.com/ces
Community Energy Storage Fleet Deployment

Capital deferral of Transmission, Station, and Circuit
improvements
Scalable, flexible deployment by location and phase
Integration into circuit voltage and VAR control
Improved reliability, including reduction of momentary interruptions
Improved operations including reduction of cold load pick-up
Improved power quality, flicker (transformer size)
STATION

Tariff Flat Rate Real Time Pricing

Demand No Control Critical Load Only
Storage Peak Shaving Reliability
IVVC VAR Control Demand Reduction
Fossil DG Backup Only On-Peak Supply

Solar Cloudy Sunny
Wind Calm Windy
Fuel Cell Min Base Supply Max Base Supply
External Backup Only Full Demand Supply
Output Month Year

$ 24.57
(e.g. Cost)
Energy
Internal Power Supply
Deficiency
Optimize for Reliability Demand
Surplus Energy
Optimize for Cost
Optimize for Efficiency
Daily Time Cycle


9-AEP Smart Grid Project Overview - Tom Walker

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AEP/EPRI Smart Grid Demo

Virtual Power Plant Simulation

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting

Tom Jones / Tom Walker

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 22

Our Operational Mission

Our Operational Mission

Sustaining the Balance of

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 33

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Before Smart Grid:

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 44

Growing complexity = challenge and opportunity

Central Generating Step-Up

Photovoltaic systems Commercial

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 55

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Enter The Smart Grid

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 66

1.Power System Infrastructure

Central Generating Step-Up

Photovoltaic systems Commercial

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 77

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

After Smart Grid:

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 88

Putting It All Together:

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 99

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Putting It All Together:

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 10 10

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project Objective

Assess the functionality, performance and benefits of

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 11 11

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Tariff Flat Rate Real Time Pricing

Fossil DG Backup Only On-Peak Supply

External Backup Only Full Demand Supply

Output Month Year

Optimize for Efficiency

Daily Time Cycle

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project Objective

Assess the functionality, performance and benefits of

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 13 13

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Resource Types for Integration

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project Objective

Assess the functionality, performance and benefits of

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 15 15

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Regional Market Structure

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 16 16

Real Time Wholesale Price From RTO

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator

Virtual Power Plant Simulation Project Objective

Assess the functionality, performance and benefits of

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 18 18

Communication & Control Infrastructure

Smart Grid Advisory Meeting 06/23/09 19 19

AEP / EPRI Virtual Power Plant Simulator