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Basic Information
Simplest aldehyde
Structure -
Importance
· Formaldehyde (37%) in water solution (formalin) is used as a
o Preservative
o Embalming agent
o Disinfectant
· Large amounts of formaldehyde are used in the manufacture of various familiar plastics:
o Bakelite (the first plastic) is the trademark name for formaldehyde and phenol polymer
o Formica is the trademark name for formaldehyde and urea polymer
· The reaction of formaldehyde with proteins (called amino formylation) leads to its use in
o tanning industry
o for treating various vegetable proteins to render them fibrous.
Physical Properties
Molecular weight is 30.03 g/mol.
Physical Data
Vapor Pressure - 52mm @ 37° C
Special Procedures: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to prevent contact
with skin and eyes, wear rubber gloves.
Spill Procedures:
· Evacuate area.
· Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber boots and heavy rubber gloves.
· Cover with lime or soda ash and place in closed containers for disposal.
· Ventilate area and wash spill site after material pickup is complete.
· Combustible Liquid
Disposal:
· Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator
equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
· Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations.
Preparation
Platinized asbestos
i. 2CH3 OH + O2 ——————————→ HCHO
300 - 400oC Formaldehyde
K2Cr2O7
ii. CH3 OH + [ O ] ———————→ HCHO + H2O
H2 SO4
Cu or Ag
iii. CH3 OH ———————→ HCHO
300 - 400oC Formaldehyde
Heat
iv. Ca ( HCOO )2 —————→ HCHO
Calcium formate Formaldehyde
H2
v. CH2 = CH2 + O3 —————→ HCHO
Pd
No - oxide
vi. CH4 + O2 —————→ HCHO
Catalyst Formaldehyde
Elec. discharge
vii. CO + H2 —————→ HCHO
Formaldehyde
References
· http://www.referatele.com/referate/engleza/online2/FORMALDEHYDE---Physical-Properties-
Chemical-Structure-Preparation-Methods-Reactions-Usagem-Danger-Ma.php
· http://www.transtutors.com/chemistry-homework-help/aldehydes/preparation-of-aldehydes-
by-oxidation.aspx
·