abdominal walls

Anterior abdomial walls

Paritetal peritoneum of 1. middle umbilical fold, caused by middle umbilical lig. (remnant
the anterior abd. wall btw. urachus )
the umbillicus and the pub- 2. medial umbilical folds, elevated by medial umbilical ligg. (remains
ic bone is folded by some of umbilical arteries)
embryonic vestiges: 3. lateral umbilical folds, elevated by inferior epigastric vessels

middle and medial umbil-

lical folds flank: 1. supravesical fossae

medial and lateral umbilical

folds border: 1. medial inguinal fossae

on sides of the lateral um-

billical folds are found: 1. lateral inguinal fossae

a peritoneal fold extends

from the umbillicus to the 1. falciform ligament of the liver
liver:

intestines are separated

from the ant. abd. wall by: 1. greater omentum

Posterior abdominal wall

Paerietal peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall is interrupted by attachment of some parts
of digestive tube:
1. attachment of transverse mesocolon (crosses descending part of
duodenum and pancreas - divides the peritoneal cavity into :
1. supramesocolic part
2. inframesocolic part
2. attachment of the sigmoid mesocolon (the root of sigmoid colon)
extends from the left iliac fossa to the lesser pelvis

3. attachment of the mesentery (the root of mesentery)- extends

from the duodenojejunal flexure to the ilieocecal orifice- crossing
the abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava and right ureter

Peritoneal cavity is subdiv.

into: 1.lesser sac - omental bursa (a narrow cavity behind the stomach and
below the liver)
2. greater sac (the rest of the peritoneal cavity

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 abdominal walls

boundaries of lesser sac:

superior: 1. liver

anterior: 1. lesser omentum

2. stomach
3. origin of the greater omentum

inferiorly: 1. transverse colon

posterior: 1. pancreas
2. left kidney upper part
3. left supraren
4. transverse mesocolon

lateral extends1. from the epiploic foramen on the right to the hilum of the spleen
on the left

omental bursa communica-

tes with the greater sac thr: 1. the epiploic formamen

borders: 1. the liver (superiorly)

2. hepatoduodenal ligament (anteriorly)
3. superior part of duodenum (inferiorly)
4. inf. vena cava (covered with peritoneum)(posteriorly)

Body Cavities

thoracic 1. thoracic vertebra

2. ribs
3. sternum
4. intercostal muscles

abdominal 1. lumbar vertebrae

2. lower ribs and intercostal muscles
3. diaphragm
4. muscles of abdomen
5. greater pelvis (iliac fossae)

pelvic 1. lesser pelvis (sacrum, coccyx, pubis and ischium)

2. pelvic diaphragm
3. some muscles of the lower limb (piriformis, oturator internus)

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