Synchronous Generator

This is a multi-pole variable speed generator. Due to this and Power electronics the Gear Box which
steps up the speed to meet the speed of Induction Generator is eliminated resulting in reduced
transmission losses, and elimination of wear and tear of the Gear Box and oil leakage associated
with it The Rotor-Hub is directly connected to the Generator Rotor by the Axle pin thus eliminating
the Gear Box and couplings. The speed of the generator Rotor is the speed of the Hub Rotor, which
is 45 RPM maximum for E-33 and 31.5 RPM maximum for E-48. Thus it rotates at 40 and 30 times
lower speed than the Gear Box type Turbines, hence, very low wear and tear.

The Synchronous Generator of Enercon with its electronics provides an excellent operational band
width i.e. Voltage 415 ± 20% V Frequency 50 ± 5 Hz.

Pitch Regulation

Enercon Machines are continuous pitch regulated machines i.e., the Blade feathers on its axis as
per the requirement of the angle of attack to achieve optimum efficiency at all wind speeds. Due to
this the yield of the Electric Energy Generated is higher.

Reactive Power (RKVAH)

In case of Induction Generators the Reactive Power (RKVAH) Consumption is very high especially
when the generation is low to medium, as well as these Turbines are a strain on the Grid systems of
the State Electricity Boards.
They consume RKVAH to the extent of 45% to 60% of the kwh generated. The State Electricity
Boards of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Gujrat and Madhya Pradesh have
imposed a penalty of Re 0.25 To Re 1.00 for drawl of every Unit of RKVAH which is an additional
cost for the owners of the wind farms. Also the State Electricity Boards have to spend for additional
capacitor banks at their sub-station to meet the requirements of Reactive Power whenever
conventional types of Wind Energy Converters i.e., with Induction Generators are used.

Enercon's Synchronous Generator with its power electronic helps in generating RKVAH the extent of
0.95 lead of the Active power which actually helps the Grid System, and drawal of RKVAH is
marginal.
Salient features of the Enercon Technology:

The Enercon machine employs three independent Aerodynamic Brakes. Each Blade turns on its own
axis simultaneously and comes to such a position that the airflow is almost bypassed i.e., the lift
force is considerably reduced, thereby bringing the Turbine to almost standstill condition.
Revolutionary Blade Design
Coefficient of Power being activated at 0.5
Reduction in loads on Blades resulting increased Blade life.
Reduction in Noise level.

Lighting Protection

Salient features of the Enercon Technology :

Enercon lightning protection include, protection for Blades as well which many other manufacturers are
seldom offering and this is a very important criteria. At any given point of time any one Blade out of three
Blades of machine is at the top position and the tip of this Blade is the highest point of the machine. Thus,
whenever the lightning strikes at the top most point first which needs to be protected, Enercon lightning
protection system takes care of this.

Image Shows the lightning conductor mechanism for earthing the lightning impact.
Grid Management

The Enercon Machine is a variable speed Turbine and is not directly connected to the Grid. The
variable voltage and variable frequency generated is converted to DC power by Rectifiers, this DC
power is stepped up by chopper and then through inverter ( which consist of IGBT' s) is converted
to AC power. This AC power matches the Grid voltage and frequency through Electronic systems
before the Power is pumped to the Grid.Thus,the Machine incorporates an excellent Grid
management system.

Grid Supportive Features

Enercon's Synchronous Generator with its power electronics are capable of operating under wide
range of Power Factor both lagging and leading and Unity Power Factor by varying the excitation
to the Generator Rotor. Thus, by employing Synchronous Generators with Power electronics the
following advantages are achieved.

Advantages

Very low consumption of Reactive Power

It can even export Reactive Power (RKVAH) to the extent of 0.95 lead
Separate capacitor banks are not required
Helps in voltage regulation of the system
Pumps Power at the Grid frequency near to (Unity Power Factor)
It helps the Grid by supplying Power at leading Power Factor, if required.
Lighting Protection
Salient features of the Enercon Technology :
Enercon lightning protection include, protection for Blades as well, which many other
manufacturers are seldom offering, and this is a very important criteria. At any given point of time
any one Blade out of three Blades of machine is at the top position and the tip of this Blade is the
highest point of the machine. Thus, whenever the lightning strikes at the top most point first
which needs to be protected, Enercon lightning protection system takes care of this.
Image Shows the lightning conductor mechanism for earthling the lightning impact.

• BLADE TECHNOLOGY
The three Blades have independent DC Motor fed from Grid along with independent Battery Power back-
up. The battery back-up is required when there is no Grid power available to turn the Blade. The machine
can be brought to a halt even with the help of one Blade turning if the other two fail.
Thus this Brake System completely eliminates the need for Hydraulic Brakes employed on the high speed
Shaft of the stall type Generator, thereby, reducing the stresses in the Machine and the wear and tear
associated with the Hydraulic Brake System.
Enercon has designed Hub and Blades such that the weight of the Hub Rotor is much lower than other
makes; hence, the initial moment of inertia is low. Due to this and pitch regulation feature the machine
starts generating power at low wind speed i.e., 2.5 m/s whereas other machines start at 3.5 to 4.5 m/s.
Therefore, Enercon WEC's have an advantage of generating higher energy than other WEC's, at lower
wind speeds.

ENERCON Main Control Unit(MCU)- For wind power plants

Individual ENERCON wind farms functioning similar to conventional power plants have successfully
been in operation and integrated in existing grid structures for many years. It is more and more
common to find several wind farms connected to a central point of common coupling to form wind
power plants. Since installed power output is high, these plants usually feed power into high-
performance transmission grids. ENERCON’s MAIN CONTROL UNIT (MCU) assumes centralized
open-loop and closed-loop control of a wind power plant. It takes over typical communication and
data transfer tasks to grid control systems and load dispatching centers fulfilling complex technical
grid connection regulations for wind power plants.

ENERCON's MAIN CONTROL UNIT (MCU) comes a as module. Each application is customized with
features best suited to the project.

Depending on requirements ENERCON’s MAIN CONTROL UNIT (MCU) has different interfaces to
connect to the grid control systems. Bottleneck management for wind power plants is yet another
feature part in addition to reactive power management, or the integration of switchgear assemblies
or entire substations into the wind power plant.
Projects

High Wind Region - Chitradurga:

Chitradurga can be considered to be one of the high wind sites in the country. Enercon
developed several sites in this region. Apart from being windy this region also has a highly
complex terrain with altitude varying from 600 m a.s.l. in the plains to 1100 m a.s.l. on top of
ridges. Developing these ridges are a real challenge due to the razor sharp tops and hard rock
beneath the surface.

The E-30 windfarm at Chitradurga site has given the best performance in the country by
recording a capacity factor of 38.5%, the highest ever achieved by any machine at any site in
India.

E-30-Project brief:
: Jogimatti,Chitradurga
Site
Altitude : 760 m a.s.l.
Nearest city : Chitradurga
Capacity : 4.14 MW (18 x E 30s)
Commissioned : January 1998

E-40-Project brief:

Site : Jogimatti,Chitradurga
Altitude : 900 m a.s.l.
Nearest city : Chitradurga
Capacity : 9.6 MW
Low Wind Region - Jamgodrani, Dewas:

Until Enercon stepped into this site, Dewas and the state of Madhya pradesh in general was
considered to be one of the mediocre wind states. The windfarms operating here registered a
capacity factor of as low as 10% and at times even 8%

However, ever since Enercon machines started operation and registered a capacity factor of
25%, this region was no more considered as a mediocre site. Now Enercon machines are the
only one to enjoy the best performance linked incentives formulated by the state.

Project brief:
: Jamgodrani
Site
Altitude : 550 m a.s.l.
Nearest city : Dewas (in between Indore and Agra on the NH 3)Dewas to Indore is 50km
Capacity : 4.14MW(18 x E 30s)
Commissioned : January 1998